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Restier-Verlet J, Joubert A, Ferlazzo ML, Granzotto A, Sonzogni L, Al-Choboq J, El Nachef L, Le Reun E, Bourguignon M, Foray N. X-rays-Induced Bystander Effect Consists in the Formation of DNA Breaks in a Calcium-Dependent Manner: Influence of the Experimental Procedure and the Individual Factor. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13030542. [PMID: 36979480 PMCID: PMC10046354 DOI: 10.3390/biom13030542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiation-induced bystander effects (RIBE) describe the biological events occurring in non-targeted cells in the vicinity of irradiated ones. Various experimental procedures have been used to investigate RIBE. Interestingly, most micro-irradiation experiments have been performed with alpha particles, whereas most medium transfers have been done with X-rays. With their high fluence, synchrotron X-rays represent a real opportunity to study RIBE by applying these two approaches with the same radiation type. The RIBE induced in human fibroblasts by the medium transfer approach resulted in a generation of DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) occurring from 10 min to 4 h post-irradiation. Such RIBE was found to be dependent on dose and on the number of donor cells. The RIBE induced with the micro-irradiation approach produced DSB with the same temporal occurrence. Culture media containing high concentrations of phosphates were found to inhibit RIBE, while media rich in calcium increased it. The contribution of the RIBE to the biological dose was evaluated after synchrotron X-rays, media transfer, micro-irradiation, and 6 MeV photon irradiation mimicking a standard radiotherapy session: the RIBE may represent less than 1%, about 5%, and about 20% of the initial dose, respectively. However, RIBE may result in beneficial or otherwise deleterious effects in surrounding tissues according to their radiosensitivity status and their capacity to release Ca2+ ions in response to radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliette Restier-Verlet
- INSERM U1296 unit “Radiation: Defense/Health/Environment” Centre Léon-Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Aurélie Joubert
- INSERM U1296 unit “Radiation: Defense/Health/Environment” Centre Léon-Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Mélanie L. Ferlazzo
- INSERM U1296 unit “Radiation: Defense/Health/Environment” Centre Léon-Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Adeline Granzotto
- INSERM U1296 unit “Radiation: Defense/Health/Environment” Centre Léon-Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Laurène Sonzogni
- INSERM U1296 unit “Radiation: Defense/Health/Environment” Centre Léon-Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Joëlle Al-Choboq
- INSERM U1296 unit “Radiation: Defense/Health/Environment” Centre Léon-Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Laura El Nachef
- INSERM U1296 unit “Radiation: Defense/Health/Environment” Centre Léon-Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Eymeric Le Reun
- INSERM U1296 unit “Radiation: Defense/Health/Environment” Centre Léon-Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Michel Bourguignon
- INSERM U1296 unit “Radiation: Defense/Health/Environment” Centre Léon-Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France
- Department of Biophysics and Nuclear Medicine, Université Paris Saclay Versailles St Quentin en Yvelines, 78035 Versailles, France
| | - Nicolas Foray
- INSERM U1296 unit “Radiation: Defense/Health/Environment” Centre Léon-Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-4-78-78-28-28
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Shannon M, Xie Y, Verhaegen S, Wilson J, Berntsen HF, Zimmer KE, Ropstad E, Green BD, Connolly L. A Human Relevant Defined Mixture of Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) Affects In Vitro Secretion of Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 (GLP-1), but Does Not Affect Translocation of Its Receptor. Toxicol Sci 2020; 172:359-367. [PMID: 31432086 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfz192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental exposure to persistent organic pollutants (POPs) has been suggested as a contributing factor for the increased rate of type 2 diabetes and obesity. A complex mixture of 29 POPs (Total mixture), based on human blood concentrations, was used to expose a glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) secreting enteroendocrine cell line (pGIP/neo: STC-1) in vitro for 3 and 24 h. Significant increases of GLP-1 occurred when cells were exposed to the Total mixture at ×500 blood levels. Six sub-mixtures representing chlorinated (Cl), brominated (Br), and perfluorinated chemicals (PFAA), and their combinations (Cl + Br, Cl + PFAA, Br + PFAA) were also tested at ×500. Secretion levels seen for these remained lower than the Total mixture, and the Br mixture had no effect. After 24 h, increased secretion was seen with all mixtures at ×1 blood levels. Cytotoxicity was present for ×100 and ×500 blood levels. When tested in a GLP-1 receptor translocation assay (U2OS-GLP1R-EGFP), neither agonistic nor antagonist effects on receptor internalization were seen for any of the mixtures. We conclude individual classes of POPs, alone or in combination, can affect GLP-1 secretion and may contribute as a molecular mechanism linking environmental toxicants and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maeve Shannon
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 5DL, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Yuling Xie
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 5DL, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Steven Verhaegen
- Department of Production Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo 0102, Norway
| | - Jodie Wilson
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 5DL, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Hanne F Berntsen
- Department of Production Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo 0102, Norway.,Department of Administration, Lab Animal Unit, National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo 0363, Norway
| | - Karin E Zimmer
- Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo 0102, Norway
| | - Erik Ropstad
- Department of Production Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo 0102, Norway
| | - Brian D Green
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 5DL, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Lisa Connolly
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 5DL, Northern Ireland, UK
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Rayburn ER, Gao L, Ding J, Ding H, Shao J, Li H. FDA-approved drugs that are spermatotoxic in animals and the utility of animal testing for human risk prediction. J Assist Reprod Genet 2018; 35:191-212. [PMID: 29063992 PMCID: PMC5845034 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-017-1062-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study reviews FDA-approved drugs that negatively impact spermatozoa in animals, as well as how these findings reflect on observations in human male gametes. METHODS The FDA drug warning labels included in the DailyMed database and the peer-reviewed literature in the PubMed database were searched for information to identify single-ingredient, FDA-approved prescription drugs with spermatotoxic effects. RESULTS A total of 235 unique, single-ingredient, FDA-approved drugs reported to be spermatotoxic in animals were identified in the drug labels. Forty-nine of these had documented negative effects on humans in either the drug label or literature, while 31 had no effect or a positive impact on human sperm. For the other 155 drugs that were spermatotoxic in animals, no human data was available. CONCLUSION The current animal models are not very effective for predicting human spermatotoxicity, and there is limited information available about the impact of many drugs on human spermatozoa. New approaches should be designed that more accurately reflect the findings in men, including more studies on human sperm in vitro and studies using other systems (ex vivo tissue culture, xenograft models, in silico studies, etc.). In addition, the present data is often incomplete or reported in a manner that prevents interpretation of their clinical relevance. Changes should be made to the requirements for pre-clinical testing, drug surveillance, and the warning labels of drugs to ensure that the potential risks to human fertility are clearly indicated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Liang Gao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Nantong Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Nantong, 226018, China
| | - Jiayi Ding
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Nantong Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Nantong, 226018, China
| | - Hongxia Ding
- Pharmacodia (Beijing) Co., Ltd, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Jun Shao
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Nantong Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Nantong, 226018, China
| | - Haibo Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Nantong Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Nantong, 226018, China.
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Nantong Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Nantong, 226018, China.
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Tavares RS, Escada-Rebelo S, Correia M, Mota PC, Ramalho-Santos J. The non-genomic effects of endocrine-disrupting chemicals on mammalian sperm. Reproduction 2016; 151:R1-R13. [DOI: 10.1530/rep-15-0355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to toxicants present in the environment, especially the so-called endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), has been associated with decreased sperm quality and increased anomalies in male reproductive organs over the past decades. Both human and animal populations are continuously exposed to ubiquitous synthetic and natural-occurring EDCs through diet, dermal contact and/or inhalation, therefore potentially compromising male reproductive health. Although the effects of EDC are likely induced via multiple genomic-based pathways, their non-genomic effects may also be relevant. Furthermore, spermatozoa are transcriptionally inactive cells that can come in direct contact with EDCs in reproductive fluids and secretions and are therefore a good model to address non-genomic effects. This review thus focuses on the non-genomic effects of several important EDCs relevant to mammalian exposure. Notably, EDCs were found to interfere with pre-existing pathways inducing a panoply of deleterious effects to sperm function that included altered intracellular Ca2+oscillations, induction of oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, increased DNA damage and decreased sperm motility and viability, among others, potentially jeopardizing male fertility. Although many studies have used non-environmentally relevant concentrations of only one compound for mechanistic studies, it is important to remember that mammals are not exposed to one, but rather to a multitude of environmental EDCs, and synergistic effects may occur. Furthermore, some effects have been detected with single compounds at environmentally relevant concentrations.
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Tavares RS, Mansell S, Barratt CLR, Wilson SM, Publicover SJ, Ramalho-Santos J. p,p'-DDE activates CatSper and compromises human sperm function at environmentally relevant concentrations. Hum Reprod 2013; 28:3167-77. [PMID: 24067601 PMCID: PMC3829580 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/det372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Is the environmental endocrine disruptor p,p′-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (p,p′-DDE) able to induce non-genomic changes in human sperm and consequently affect functional sperm parameters? SUMMARY ANSWER p,p′-DDE promoted Ca2+ flux into human sperm by activating CatSper channels even at doses found in human reproductive fluids, ultimately compromising sperm parameters important for fertilization. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY p,p′-DDE may promote non-genomic actions and interact directly with pre-existing signaling pathways, as already observed in other cell types. However, although often found in both male and female reproductive fluids, its effects on human spermatozoa function are not known. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION Normozoospermic sperm samples from healthy individuals were included in this study. Samples were exposed to several p,p′-DDE concentrations for 3 days at 37°C and 5% CO2in vitro to mimic the putative continuous exposure to this toxicant in the female reproductive tract in vivo. Shorter p,p′-DDE incubation periods were also performed in order to monitor sperm rapid Ca2+ responses. All experiments were repeated on a minimum of five sperm samples from different individuals. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS All healthy individuals were recruited at the Biosciences School, University of Birmingham, the Medical Research Institute, University of Dundee and in the Human Reproduction Service at University Hospitals of Coimbra. Intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) was monitored by imaging single spermatozoa loaded with Oregon Green BAPTA-1AM and further whole-cell patch-clamp recordings were performed to validate our results. Sperm viability and acrosomal integrity were assessed using the LIVE/DEAD sperm vitality kit and the acrosomal content marker PSA-FITC, respectively. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE p,p′-DDE rapidly increased [Ca2+]i (P < 0.05) even at extremely low doses (1 pM and 1 nM), with magnitudes of response up to 200%, without affecting sperm viability, except after 3 days of continuous exposure to the highest concentration tested (P < 0.05). Furthermore, experiments performed in a low Ca2+ medium demonstrated that extracellular Ca2+ influx was responsible for this Ca2+ increase (P < 0.01). Mibefradil and NNC 55-0396, both inhibitors of the sperm-specific CatSper channel, reversed the p,p′-DDE-induced [Ca2+]i rise, suggesting the participation of CatSper in this process (P < 0.05). In fact, whole-cell patch-clamp recordings confirmed CatSper as a target of p,p′-DDE action by monitoring an increase in CatSper currents of >100% (P < 0.01). Finally, acrosomal integrity was adversely affected after 2 days of exposure to p,p′-DDE concentrations, suggesting that [Ca2+]i rise may cause premature acrosome reaction (P < 0.05). LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION This is an in vitro study, and caution must be taken when extrapolating the results. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS A novel non-genomic p,p′-DDE mechanism specific to sperm is shown in this study. p,p′-DDE was able to induce [Ca2+]i rise in human sperm through the opening of CatSper consequently compromising male fertility. The promiscuous nature of CatSper activation may predispose human sperm to the action of some persistent endocrine disruptors. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) The study was supported by both the Portuguese National Science Foundation (FCT; PEst-C/SAU/LA0001/2011) and the UK Wellcome Trust (Grant #86470). SM was supported by the Infertility Research Trust. RST is a recipient of a PhD fellowship from FCT (SFRH/BD/46002/2008). None of the authors has any conflict of interest to declare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata S Tavares
- Biology of Reproduction and Stem Cell Group, CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra 3001-401, Portugal
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Acute effects of TCDD administration: special emphasis on testicular and sperm mitochondrial function. ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTION 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s2305-0500(13)60091-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Przybylo M, Borowik T, Langner M. Fluorescence Techniques for Determination of the Membrane Potentials in High Throughput Screening. J Fluoresc 2010; 20:1139-57. [DOI: 10.1007/s10895-010-0665-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2010] [Accepted: 04/05/2010] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Goudey-Perrière F, Lemonnier F, Bergougnoux V, Perrière C. Low doses of the pesticide lindane induce protein release by the fat body of female cockroach Blaberus craniifer (Dictyoptera). Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2007; 146:492-501. [PMID: 17656157 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2007.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2006] [Revised: 06/02/2007] [Accepted: 06/05/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
In the ovoviviparous cockroach Blaberus craniifer, low doses of the pesticide lindane (1-6 microg/g of body mass) have been implicated in the enhancement of ovarian growth and vitellogenesis onset in headless female ovaries. In order to investigate lindane effects on protein release by the fat body, we used antibodies raised against egg proteins to quantify protein levels in fat body, hemolymph and ovaries of treated-fed or -decapitated females 3- or 5-days -old. In vitro assays used fat body in Grace's medium to quantify the protein amount released in the medium. Individual data for each treatment were related to their corresponding control in paired series. In vivo, ovarian enhanced protein content was linked to an enhanced protein secretion by the fat body. This was ascertained in vitro by high levels of released protein in the medium containing lindane (1 microM) by fat body from females, but not from males. This effect was inhibited by EDTA, a calcium chelator. The present results confirmed that low doses of lindane (about 3 microg/g of body mass) acted as a juvenile hormone analogue, at the level of the ovaries, by enhancing protein uptake, and also at the level of the fat body, by triggering protein release. This property is calcium-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Françoise Goudey-Perrière
- Animal Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Paris-Sud, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France.
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Grizard G, Ouchchane L, Roddier H, Artonne C, Sion B, Vasson MP, Janny L. In vitro alachlor effects on reactive oxygen species generation, motility patterns and apoptosis markers in human spermatozoa. Reprod Toxicol 2006; 23:55-62. [PMID: 17049205 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2006.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2006] [Revised: 07/26/2006] [Accepted: 08/22/2006] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Due to its extensive production and application, the toxicity of chloracetanilide herbicide alachlor[2-chloro-2',6'-diethyl-N-(methoxymethyl)-acetanilide] should be evaluated to establish minimum effects. In this study, we have examined the in vitro effects of alachlor on human sperm motion using a computer-assisted sperm analyser (CASA). An evaluation of both reactive oxygen species (ROS) and markers of apoptosis was also performed to investigate the mechanism by which alachlor modifies the sperm movement. After exposure up to 2 h to alachlor (0, 0.18, 0.37, 0.90 and 1.85 mM), the percentage of viable, motile spermatozoa and sperm velocities were concentration and/or time dependently decreased. The most sensitive parameters were progressive motility, mean average path velocity and mean straight velocity. Alachlor (1.85 mM) induced an increase in ROS production. A decrease of mitochondrial membrane potential (DeltaPsi(m)), an increase of both phosphatidylserine (PS) externalization and DNA fragmentation, which were concentration and/or time dependent, were also observed. It is possible that toxic effects of alachlor result in an oxidative stress which could act as a mediator of apoptosis. Alachlor could also contribute to some hypofertility cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geneviève Grizard
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Service de Biologie de la Reproduction, Hôtel Dieu, F 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
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Bretveld RW, Thomas CMG, Scheepers PTJ, Zielhuis GA, Roeleveld N. Pesticide exposure: the hormonal function of the female reproductive system disrupted? Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2006; 4:30. [PMID: 16737536 PMCID: PMC1524969 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7827-4-30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2005] [Accepted: 05/31/2006] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Some pesticides may interfere with the female hormonal function, which may lead to negative effects on the reproductive system through disruption of the hormonal balance necessary for proper functioning. Previous studies primarily focused on interference with the estrogen and/or androgen receptor, but the hormonal function may be disrupted in many more ways through pesticide exposure. The aim of this review is to give an overview of the various ways in which pesticides may disrupt the hormonal function of the female reproductive system and in particular the ovarian cycle. Disruption can occur in all stages of hormonal regulation: 1. hormone synthesis; 2. hormone release and storage; 3. hormone transport and clearance; 4. hormone receptor recognition and binding; 5. hormone postreceptor activation; 6. the thyroid function; and 7. the central nervous system. These mechanisms are described for effects of pesticide exposure in vitro and on experimental animals in vivo. For the latter, potential effects of endocrine disrupting pesticides on the female reproductive system, i.e. modulation of hormone concentrations, ovarian cycle irregularities, and impaired fertility, are also reviewed. In epidemiological studies, exposure to pesticides has been associated with menstrual cycle disturbances, reduced fertility, prolonged time-to-pregnancy, spontaneous abortion, stillbirths, and developmental defects, which may or may not be due to disruption of the female hormonal function. Because pesticides comprise a large number of distinct substances with dissimilar structures and diverse toxicity, it is most likely that several of the above-mentioned mechanisms are involved in the pathophysiological pathways explaining the role of pesticide exposure in ovarian cycle disturbances, ultimately leading to fertility problems and other reproductive effects. In future research, information on the ways in which pesticides may disrupt the hormonal function as described in this review, can be used to generate specific hypotheses for studies on the effects of pesticides on the ovarian cycle, both in toxicological and epidemiological settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reini W Bretveld
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Chris MG Thomas
- Chemical Endocrinology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Paul TJ Scheepers
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Gerhard A Zielhuis
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Nel Roeleveld
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Pflieger-Bruss S, Heitkamp S, Hagemann S, Körner W, Köhn FM, Müller C, Schill WB. Influence of tris(4-chlorophenyl)methanol, non-ortho PCB 77 and gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane on human sperm function in vitro. Andrologia 2006; 38:39-47. [PMID: 16529574 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0272.2006.00682.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, there has been growing concern that environmental pollutants in general, and organochlorines in particular, adversely affect male fertility. Therefore, we investigated the effects of tris(4-chlorophenyl)methanol (TCPM), non-ortho PCB 77 and gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane (gamma-HCH, lindane) on human sperm functions in vitro. Human spermatozoa from healthy donors were washed in human tubular fluid medium containing 1% human serum albumin, filtered through glass wool and exposed to different concentrations of TCPM, PCB 77 or gamma-HCH. After incubation for 5 h at 37 degrees C and 5% CO(2), sperm vitality and the percentage of living acrosome-reacted spermatozoa were examined using triple stain technique. Total sperm motility was evaluated by computer-assisted sperm analysis (Stroemberg-Mika) after 5 h. For TCPM, total motility was additionally measured after 18 and 40 h. Different concentrations of PCB 77 and gamma-HCH did not alter the percentage of spontaneous living acrosome-reacted spermatozoa, vitality and total motility. TCPM dose-dependently altered sperm motility, vitality and acrosome reaction. The percentage of living acrosome-reacted spermatozoa was increased at overtly toxic concentrations. Therefore, it is suggested that unspecific acrosomal loss has been induced by degenerative processes. In conclusion, even high concentrations of PCB 77 and gamma-HCH did not affect human sperm functions in vitro. Only very high cytotoxic TCPM concentrations modulated spontaneous acrosome reaction and total motility. Therefore, in vivo effects on human sperm function seem to be unlikely. However, individual susceptibility has to be considered and little is known about additive and possible synergistic effects as other environmental pollutants with similar potencies have been found in the human male and female reproductive tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Pflieger-Bruss
- Centre of Dermatology and Andrology, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany.
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Pesando D, Robert S, Huitorel P, Gutknecht E, Pereira L, Girard JP, Ciapa B. Effects of methoxychlor, dieldrin and lindane on sea urchin fertilization and early development. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2004; 66:225-239. [PMID: 15129766 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2003.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We have studied the effects of methoxychlor (MXC), dieldrin, and lindane on fertilization and early development of sea urchin egg. These organochlorine pesticides have often been found in polluted ground and water near agricultural sites, and have therefore been detected from time to time in the food chain and in drinking water. They have been reported to alter various reproduction functions in various animals including marine populations. We observed that the rate of fertilization decreased when the sperm was incubated with dieldrin or lindane. Treatment of eggs with each pesticide did not prevent fertilization, but increased the rate in polyspermy, delayed or blocked the first mitotic divisions, and altered early embryonic development. Moreover, all pesticides could alter several intracellular biochemical pathways that control first mitotic divisions and early development, including intracellular calcium homeostasis, MPF (mitosis promoting factor) activity and formation of the bipolar mitotic spindle. We found that lindane was the most potent of the three pesticides to alter all biochemical events. All these effects were observed at relatively high concentrations. However, bio-accumulation in sediments and aquatic organisms have been reported. Sea urchin eggs may then be in contact with very high concentrations of these pesticides in areas where these pesticides are not handled or stocked properly, and then develop into abnormal embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Pesando
- Laboratoire Réponses des Organismes aux Stress de l'Environnement, UMR INRA-UNSA 1112, Faculté des Sciences, Parc Valrose, BP 71, 06108 Nice, France
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Sauviat MP, Colas A, Pages N. Does lindane (gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane) increase the rapid delayed rectifier outward K+ current (IKr) in frog atrial myocytes? BMC Pharmacol 2002; 2:15. [PMID: 12106504 PMCID: PMC117783 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2210-2-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2002] [Accepted: 07/10/2002] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effects of lindane, a gamma-isomer of hexachlorocyclohexane, were studied on transmembrane potentials and currents of frog atrial heart muscle using intracellular microelectrodes and the whole cell voltage-clamp technique. RESULTS Lindane (0.34 microM to 6.8 microM) dose-dependently shortened the action potential duration (APD). Under voltage-clamp conditions, lindane (1.7 microM) increased the amplitude of the outward current (Iout) which developed in Ringer solution containing TTX (0.6 microM), Cd2+ (1 mM) and TEA (10 mM). The lindane-increased Iout was not sensitive to Sr2+ (5 mM). It was blocked by subsequent addition of quinidine (0.5 mM) or E-4031 (1 microM). E-4031 lengthened the APD; it prevented or blocked the lindane-induced APD shortening. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, our data revealed that lindane increased the quinidine and E-4031-sensitive rapid delayed outward K+ current which contributed to the AP repolarization in frog atrial muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin-Pierre Sauviat
- Laboratoire d'Optique et Biosciences, Unité INSERM 451, UMR CNRS 7645, Ecole Polytechnique-ENSTA, F-91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - Anthony Colas
- Laboratoire d'Optique et Biosciences, Unité INSERM 451, UMR CNRS 7645, Ecole Polytechnique-ENSTA, F-91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - Nicole Pages
- Laboratoire de Toxicologie, Faculté de Pharmacie, Route du Rhin, 67400 Illkirch, France
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14
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Alakoskela JMI, Kinnunen PKJ. Probing Phospholipid Main Phase Transition by Fluorescence Spectroscopy and a Surface Redox Reaction. J Phys Chem B 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/jp011080b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juha-Matti I. Alakoskela
- Helsinki Biophysics and Biomembrane Group, Institute of Biomedicine/Biochemistry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Paavo K. J. Kinnunen
- Helsinki Biophysics and Biomembrane Group, Institute of Biomedicine/Biochemistry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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15
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Alakoskela JI, Kinnunen PK. Control of a redox reaction on lipid bilayer surfaces by membrane dipole potential. Biophys J 2001; 80:294-304. [PMID: 11159402 PMCID: PMC1301233 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-3495(01)76014-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazol-4-yl (NBD) group is a widely used, environment-sensitive fluorescent probe. The negatively charged dithionite rapidly reduces the accessible NBD-labeled lipids in liposomes to their corresponding nonfluorescent derivatives. In this study both the phospholipid headgroup and acyl chain NBD-labeled L-alpha-1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-[N-(4-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazole)-ethanolamine] (DPPN) and 1-acyl-2-[12-[(7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazol-4-yl)amino]dodecanoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (NBD-PC), respectively, were employed. The correlation of both the rate coefficient k(1) of the redox reaction and the fluorescence properties of the two probes with the membrane dipole potential Psi in fluid dipalmitoylglycerophosphocholine (DPPC) liposomes is demonstrated. When Psi of the bilayer was varied (decreased by phloretin or increased by 6-ketocholestanol), the value for k1 decreased for both DPPN and NBD-PC with increasing Psi. For both fluorophores a positive correlation to Psi was evident for the relative fluorescence emission intensity (RFI, normalized to the emission of the fluorophore in a DPPC matrix). The relative changes in emission intensity as a function of Psi were approximately equal for both NBD derivatives. Changes similar to those caused by phloretin were seen when dihexadecylglycerophosphocholine (DHPC) was added to DPPC liposomes, in keeping with the lower dipole potential for the former lipid compound compared with DPPC. These effects of Psi on NBD fluorescence should be taken into account when interpreting data acquired using NBD-labeled lipids as fluorescent probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- J I Alakoskela
- Helsinki Biophysics and Biomembrane Group, Department of Medical Chemistry, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FIN-00014, Finland
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16
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Benoff S, Cooper GW, Centola GM, Jacob A, Hershlag A, Hurley IR. Metal ions and human sperm mannose receptors. Andrologia 2000; 32:317-29. [PMID: 11021525 DOI: 10.1046/j.1439-0272.2000.00401.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc and lead concentrations were measured in seminal plasma from fertile donors, infertile men with varicocoele and men undergoing work-ups for in vitro fertilization. Ejaculated spermatozoa from these subjects were incubated in vitro with various metal ions and/or dibromoethane and dibromochloropropane. Mannose receptor expression was correlated with metal and toxicant levels. Sperm distributions of potassium channels were compared with lead ions and calcium channels with zinc ions. Mannose receptor expression by capacitated spermatozoa increased linearly with seminal plasma zinc levels, and correlated inversely with lead levels. Cobalt had no effect on mannose receptor expression, but nickel had a concentration-dependent biphasic effect. Mannose receptor expression was not affected by dibromoethane and dibromochloropropane if the cholesterol content of the sperm membrane was high, but mannose receptor expression was decreased in low cholesterol spermatozoa by exposures below estimated permissive exposure limits. Potassium channels and lead ions co-localized over the entire head of human spermatozoa, while both calcium channels and zinc ions were confined to the equatorial segment of the head. Mannose receptor expression on the external surface of the human sperm plasma membrane is a biomarker for the effects of transition and heavy metals and organic toxicants on sperm fertility potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Benoff
- Center for Human Reproduction, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, North Shore University Hospital-New York University School of Medicine, Manhasset 11030, USA.
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17
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Guzmán-Grenfell AM, Bonilla-Hernández MA, González-Martínez MT. Glucose induces a Na(+),K(+)-ATPase-dependent transient hyperpolarization in human sperm. I. Induction of changes in plasma membrane potential by the proton ionophore CCCP. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2000; 1464:188-98. [PMID: 10727606 DOI: 10.1016/s0005-2736(99)00247-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
When human sperm was incubated in medium deprived of glucose, glucose restoration caused a transient hyperpolarization of the plasma membrane. This hyperpolarization was also induced by fructose but not by 2-deoxyglucose, a substrate that cannot be metabolized. The hyperpolarization was inhibited by NaF, a glycolysis inhibitor, but not by mitochondrial inhibitors (cyanide, rotenone and antimycin), suggesting that it depended on glycolysis. Furthermore, the hyperpolarization was still induced in medium containing a high concentration of KCl and was insensitive to the K(+) channel blocker TEA and the Cl(-) channel blocker niflumic acid, but it was blocked by ouabain. This suggested that upon glucose addition, there was an increase in the concentration of ATP, that in turns increased the Na(+),K(+)-ATPase activity. Since this pump is electrogenic (2K(+)/3Na(+)) the plasma membrane hyperpolarized. On the other hand, CCCP, a proton ionophore, inhibited the hyperpolarization induced by glucose. When CCCP was added to glucose-treated hyperpolarized sperm, it caused a depolarization that triggered a Ca(2+) influx sensitive to nickel, an inhibitor of voltage-dependent calcium channels. Moreover, CCCP caused hyperpolarization in sperm incubated in medium without calcium, a known condition that depolarizes sperm. This indicated that CCCP induced proton permeability in the plasma membrane that was able to change the membrane potential to a value corresponding to the E(H) and that was also able to clamp it, so that it prevented the hyperpolarization induced by glucose.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Guzmán-Grenfell
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Bioquímica del Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, México D.F., Mexico
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18
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Massol RH, Antollini SS, Barrantes FJ. Effect of organochlorine insecticides on nicotinic acetylcholine receptor-rich membranes. Neuropharmacology 2000; 39:1095-106. [PMID: 10727720 DOI: 10.1016/s0028-3908(99)00194-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The so-called generalized polarization (GP) of the fluorescent probe Laurdan and the steady-state fluorescence anisotropy of the probe diphenylhexatriene (DPH) and its phenylpropionic derivative (PA-DPH) were used to study the effects of several organochlorine insecticides of the chlorophenylethane, chlorinated cyclohexane and chlorinated cyclodiene families on the Torpedo nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (AChR)-rich native membrane. All insecticides, with the exception of Lindane, augmented Laurdan GP both in the native membrane and in model lipid systems. Most organochlorine compounds produced a concentration-dependent decrease of DPH and PA-DPH anisotropy in the AChR-rich membrane. These compounds exhibited a dual behavior vis-à-vis the native AChR-rich membrane, exerting disordering effects at the bilayer core while ordering and/or excluding water molecules from the lipid-protein interface region, as sensed by DPH anisotropy and Laurdan GP, respectively. Furthermore, all insecticides decreased the efficiency of fluorescence resonance energy transfer between the intrinsic protein and Laurdan, albeit to different extents. On the basis of all these observations, the existence of potential target sites for insecticides in the protein-lipid interface region is postulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- R H Massol
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca, (INIBIBB), Camino La Carrindanga km 7, B8000FWB, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
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Kumar S, Ying YK, Hong P, Maddaiah VT. Potassium increases intracellular calcium simulating progesterone action in human sperm. ARCHIVES OF ANDROLOGY 2000; 44:93-101. [PMID: 10746865 DOI: 10.1080/014850100262254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Progesterone (P) and zona pellucida are known to induce acrosome reaction in human sperm by increasing cytosolic calcium. High concentrations of potassium ions (K+) improve the rate of acrosome reaction in human sperm in vitro. This article determined whether the effect of K+ on the acrosome in human sperm is mediated by increasing intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i). The effect of K+ on [Ca2+]i was examined by using Fura 2 as the fluorescent indicator. The effect of K+ and P on [Ca2+]i in sperm and the involvement of ion channels was compared. Motile sperm were collected by the swim-up method from semen of healthy volunteers and capacitated overnight in BWW containing 0.5% BSA. Incubation of capacitated sperm with different concentrations of potassium chloride (1.25-20 mM) resulted in dose-dependent increase in [Ca2+]i similar to that observed with P. The increase in [Ca2+]i by K+ and P was blocked by the addition of EGTA, a Ca2+ chelator. K+-induced change in [Ca2+] was not altered by the addition of dihydropyridine derivatives. The combined treatment of K+ (20 mM) and P (0.75 microg/mL) caused an additive effect on the increase in [Ca2+]i. It would appear that human sperm plasma membrane possess different Ca2+ channels responsive to P and K+.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kumar
- Department of Ob/Gyn, Nassau County Medical Center, East Meadow, New York 11554, USA.
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Silvestroni L, Rossi F, Magnanti M, Lubrano C, Santiemma V, Palleschi S. A novel aspect of lindane testicular toxicity: in vitro effects on peritubular myoid cells. Reprod Toxicol 1999; 13:431-41. [PMID: 10613391 DOI: 10.1016/s0890-6238(99)00040-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The in vitro effects of the insecticide lindane have been investigated in rat testis peritubular myoid cells (PMCs). Upon PMC exposure to lindane, polarity increase and decrease of dipole dynamics were seen at the membrane level (EC50 20 microM), leading to a partial dissipation of the membrane intrinsic dipole potential. The initial membrane depolarization was increased by Cl- efflux and limited by Ca(2+)-activated repolarizing currents. Concomitantly, lindane produced an increase in [Ca2+]i (EC50 125 microM) resulting from both Ca2+ release from an inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate-sensitive intracellular store and a voltage-dependent Ca2+ influx from the extracellular medium. Of particular interest from a toxicologic point of view, insecticide concentrations well below those effective in altering ion homeostasis potently inhibited both [Ca2+]i increase and contraction induced by the natural agonists vasopressin and endothelin-1 (IC50s < 10 microM). These data demonstrate that PMCs are highly susceptible to lindane and suggest that the insecticide may exert testicular toxicity by interfering with hormone-regulated PMC function.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Silvestroni
- Department of Medical Physiopathology, University of Rome La Sapienza, Italy.
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Silvestroni L, Palleschi S. Effects of organochlorine xenobiotics on human spermatozoa. CHEMOSPHERE 1999; 39:1249-1252. [PMID: 10467719 DOI: 10.1016/s0045-6535(99)00192-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The organochlorine insecticide lindane is a widely distributed environmental pollutant belonging to the growing family of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). Lindane intercalates into the sperm membrane and alters the molecular dynamics of the bilayer. In the present paper, preliminary data are reported showing that doses of lindane as low as those found in the female genital tract secretions inhibit the sperm cytological responsiveness to progesterone, the physiological agonist which stimulates the onset of acrosome reactions at the site of fertilization. The hypothesis is put forth that even background levels of lindane may exert antifertility effects independently on the health status of either the male and female reproductive organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Silvestroni
- Department of Medical Physiopathology, University of Rome La Sapienza, Italy
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