1
|
Cui X, Sawashita J, Dai J, Liu C, Igarashi Y, Mori M, Miyahara H, Higuchi K. Exercise suppresses mouse systemic AApoAII amyloidosis through enhancement of the p38 MAPK signaling pathway. Dis Model Mech 2022; 15:274173. [PMID: 35099007 PMCID: PMC8961676 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.049327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Exercise interventions are beneficial for reducing the risk of age-related diseases, including amyloidosis, but the underlying molecular links remain unclear. Here, we investigated the protective role of interval exercise training in a mouse model of age-related systemic apolipoprotein A-II amyloidosis (AApoAII) and identified potential mechanisms. Mice subjected to sixteen weeks of exercise showed improved whole-body physiologic functions and exhibited substantial inhibition of amyloidosis, particularly in the liver and spleen. Exercise activated the hepatic p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) signaling pathway and the downstream transcription factor tumor suppressor p53. This activation resulted in elevated expression and phosphorylation of heat shock protein beta-1 (HSPB1), a chaperone that defends against protein aggregation. In amyloidosis-induced mice, the hepatic p38 MAPK-related adaptive responses were additively enhanced by exercise. We observed that with exercise, greater amounts of phosphorylated HSPB1 accumulated at amyloid deposition areas, which we suspect inhibits amyloid fibril formation. Collectively, our findings demonstrate the exercise-activated specific chaperone prevention of amyloidosis, and suggest that exercise may amplify intracellular stress-related protective adaptation pathways against age-associated disorders such as amyloidosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoran Cui
- Department of Aging Biology, Institute of Pathogenesis and Disease Prevention, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Jinko Sawashita
- Products Technology Team, Supplement Strategic Unit, Pharma & Supplemental Nutrition Solutions Vehicle, Kaneka Corporation, Osaka, Japan
| | - Jian Dai
- Department of Aging Biology, Institute of Pathogenesis and Disease Prevention, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.,Department of Neuro-health Innovation, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Shinshu University, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Chang Liu
- Aging Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Science and Technology, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Yuichi Igarashi
- Department of Aging Biology, Institute of Pathogenesis and Disease Prevention, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Masayuki Mori
- Department of Aging Biology, Institute of Pathogenesis and Disease Prevention, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.,Department of Neuro-health Innovation, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Shinshu University, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Hiroki Miyahara
- Department of Aging Biology, Institute of Pathogenesis and Disease Prevention, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.,Department of Neuro-health Innovation, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Shinshu University, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Keiichi Higuchi
- Department of Neuro-health Innovation, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Shinshu University, Matsumoto, Japan.,Community Health Care Research Center, Nagano University Health and Medicine, Nagano, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chabert M, Rousset X, Colombat M, Lacasa M, Kakanakou H, Bourderioux M, Brousset P, Burlet-Schiltz O, Liepnieks JJ, Kluve-Beckerman B, Lambert G, Châtelet FP, Benson MD, Kalopissis AD. A transgenic mouse model reproduces human hereditary systemic amyloidosis. Kidney Int 2019; 96:628-641. [PMID: 31200944 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2019.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Amyloidoses are rare life-threatening diseases caused by protein misfolding of normally soluble proteins. The fatal outcome is predominantly due to renal failure and/or cardiac dysfunction. Because amyloid fibrils formed by all amyloidogenic proteins share structural similarity, amyloidoses may be studied in transgenic models expressing any amyloidogenic protein. Here we generated transgenic mice expressing an amyloidogenic variant of human apolipoprotein AII, a major protein of high density lipoprotein. According to amyloid nomenclature this variant was termed STOP78SERApoAII. STOP78SER-APOA2 expression at the physiological level spontaneously induced systemic amyloidosis in all mice with full-length mature STOP78SER-ApoAII identified as the amyloidogenic protein. Amyloid deposits stained with Congo red were extracellular, and consisted of fibrils of approximately 10 nm diameter. Renal glomerular amyloidosis was a major feature with onset of renal insufficiency occurring in mice older than six months of age. The liver, heart and spleen were also greatly affected. Expression of STOP78SER-APOA2 in the liver and intestine in mice of the K line but not in other amyloid-laden organs showed they present systemic amyloidosis. The amyloid burden was a function of STOP78SER-APOA2 expression and age of the mice with amyloid deposition starting in two-month-old high-expressing mice that died from six months onwards. Because STOP78SER-ApoAII conserved adequate lipid binding capacity as shown by high STOP78SER-ApoAII amounts in high density lipoprotein of young mice, its decrease in circulation with age suggests preferential deposition into preformed fibrils. Thus, our mouse model faithfully reproduces early-onset hereditary systemic amyloidosis and is ideally suited to devise and test novel therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michèle Chabert
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, USPC, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France; EPHE PSL, Paris, France
| | - Xavier Rousset
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, USPC, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Magali Colombat
- Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire (CHU), Département d'Anatomopathologie, Toulouse, France
| | - Michel Lacasa
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, USPC, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Hermine Kakanakou
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, USPC, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Mathilde Bourderioux
- Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire (CHU), Département d'Anatomopathologie, Toulouse, France
| | - Pierre Brousset
- Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire (CHU), Département d'Anatomopathologie, Toulouse, France
| | - Odile Burlet-Schiltz
- CNRS, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Juris J Liepnieks
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Barbara Kluve-Beckerman
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Gilles Lambert
- Inserm UMRS 1188 DéTROI, Université de La Réunion, Sainte Clotilde, France
| | - François P Châtelet
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, USPC, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Merrill D Benson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Athina D Kalopissis
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, USPC, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Prokaeva T, Akar H, Spencer B, Havasi A, Cui H, O'Hara CJ, Gursky O, Leszyk J, Steffen M, Browning S, Rosenberg A, Connors LH. Hereditary Renal Amyloidosis Associated With a Novel Apolipoprotein A-II Variant. Kidney Int Rep 2017; 2:1223-1232. [PMID: 29270531 PMCID: PMC5733886 DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2017.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Prokaeva
- Amyloidosis Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Harun Akar
- Tepecik Education and Research Hospital, Internal Medicine Clinic, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Brian Spencer
- Amyloidosis Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Andrea Havasi
- Amyloidosis Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Nephrology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Haili Cui
- Amyloidosis Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Carl J O'Hara
- Amyloidosis Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Olga Gursky
- Amyloidosis Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - John Leszyk
- Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry Facility and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Martin Steffen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sabrina Browning
- Amyloidosis Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Allison Rosenberg
- Amyloidosis Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lawreen H Connors
- Amyloidosis Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Fu L, Matsuyama I, Chiba T, Xing Y, Korenaga T, Guo Z, Fu X, Nakayama J, Mori M, Higuchi K. Extrahepatic Expression of Apolipoprotein A-II in Mouse Tissues: Possible Contribution to Mouse Senile Amyloidosis. J Histochem Cytochem 2016; 49:739-48. [PMID: 11373320 DOI: 10.1177/002215540104900607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Apolipoprotein A-II (apoA-II), an apolipoprotein in serum high-density lipoprotein, is a precursor of mouse senile amyloid fibrils. The liver has been considered to be the primary site of synthesis. However, we performed nonradioactive in situ hybridization analysis in tissue sections from young and old amyloidogenic (R1.P1- Apoa2 c ) and amyloid-resistant (SAMR1) mice and revealed that other tissues in addition to the liver synthesize apoA-II. We found a strong hybridization signal in the basal cells of the squamous epithelium and the chief cells of the fundic gland in the stomach, the crypt cells and a small portion of the absorptive epithelial cells in the small intestine, the basal cells of the tongue mucosa, and the basal cells of the epidermis and hair follicles in the skin in both mouse strains. Expression of apoA-II mRNA in those tissues was also examined by RT-PCR analysis. Immunolocalization of apoA-II protein also indicated the cellular localization of apoA-II. ApoA-II transcription was not observed in the heart. Amyloid deposition was observed around the cells expressing apoA-II mRNA in the old R1.P1- Apoa2 c mice. These results demonstrate that the apoA-II mRNA is transcribed and translated in various extrahepatic tissues and suggest a possible contribution of apoA-II synthesized in these tissues to amyloid deposition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Fu
- Department of Aging Angiology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gursky O. Hot spots in apolipoprotein A-II misfolding and amyloidosis in mice and men. FEBS Lett 2014; 588:845-50. [PMID: 24561203 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2014.01.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2013] [Revised: 01/08/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
ApoA-II is the second-major protein of high-density lipoproteins. C-terminal extension in human apoA-II or point substitutions in murine apoA-II cause amyloidosis. The molecular mechanism of apolipoprotein misfolding, from the native predominantly α-helical conformation to cross-β-sheet in amyloid, is unknown. We used 12 sequence-based prediction algorithms to identify two ten-residue segments in apoA-II that probably initiate β-aggregation. Previous studies of apoA-II fragments experimentally verify this prediction. Together, experimental and bioinformatics studies explain why the C-terminal extension in human apoA-II causes amyloidosis and why, unlike murine apoA-II, human apoA-II normally does not cause amyloidosis despite its unusually high sequence propensity for β-aggregation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olga Gursky
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Boston University School of Medicine, W329, 700 Albany Street, Boston, MA 02118, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Amyloid fibrils formed by selective N-, C-terminal sequences of mouse apolipoprotein A-II. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2009; 1794:1517-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2009.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2009] [Revised: 06/02/2009] [Accepted: 06/26/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
7
|
Buxbaum JN. Animal models of human amyloidoses: are transgenic mice worth the time and trouble? FEBS Lett 2009; 583:2663-73. [PMID: 19627988 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2009.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2009] [Revised: 07/15/2009] [Accepted: 07/15/2009] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The amyloidoses are the prototype gain of toxic function protein misfolding diseases. As such, several naturally occurring animal models and their inducible variants provided some of the first insights into these disorders of protein aggregation. With greater analytic knowledge and the increasing flexibility of transgenic and gene knockout technology, new models have been generated allowing the interrogation of phenomena that have not been approachable in more reductionist systems, i.e. behavioral readouts in the neurodegenerative diseases, interactions among organ systems in the transthyretin amyloidoses and taking pre-clinical therapeutic trials beyond cell culture. The current review describes the features of both transgenic and non-transgenic models and discusses issues that appear to be unresolved even when viewed in their organismal context.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joel N Buxbaum
- Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Tagoe CE, French D, Gallo G, Buxbaum JN. Amyloidogenesis is neither accelerated nor enhanced by injections of preformed fibrils in mice transgenic for wild-type human transthyretin: the question of infectivity. Amyloid 2004; 11:21-6. [PMID: 15185495 DOI: 10.1080/13506120410001674982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
It is possible to accelerate amyloid formation in both the Senescence Accelerated Mouse, where ApoAIIC is the precursor, and in murine Amyloid A (AA) by the injection of preformed fibrils in the former and amyloid enhancing factor, which appears to consist of AA fibril fragments, in the latter. These two observations have raised the question of whether murine amyloids, like scrapie, are infectious. Injection of preformed fibrils into mice transgenic for many copies of the human wild-type transthyretin gene do not result in acceleration or enhancement of the process of deposition or the conversion of non-Congophilic deposits to fibrils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clement E Tagoe
- New York University School of Medicine, New York City, New York, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Abstract
Amyloidosis refers to a group of protein folding diseases. Various innocuous and soluble proteins in physiological conditions polymerize to insoluble amyloid fibrils in several serious diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and prion diseases. In addition, senile amyloidosis is a form of amyloidosis in which the incidence and severity of amyloid deposition increases with age without any apparent predisposing conditions and it was thought that the amyloidosis was related to some physiological changes which accompany ageing. Although the etiology and pathogenesis of amyloid disease are not fully understood, drastic structural changes of the amyloid proteins from the normal forms to the unique beta-sheet fibrils is the most important event in amyloid diseases. The present article introduces the three amyloid diseases, AD, prion diseases and mouse senile amyloidosis in which Abeta, PrP(Sc) and AApoAII amyloid fibrils deposit respectively. We discuss the nucleation dependent polymerization model as a model that explains the kinetics of fibrillization of these amyloid proteins. Exogenous amyloid fibrils may act as templates (nuclei) and change the conformation of endogenous amyloid protein to polymerize into amyloid fibrils. This hypothesis makes the boundary between transmissible and non-transmissible amyloidosis ambiguous and proposes the common pathogenesis for them.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanming Xing
- Department of Aging Angiology, Research Center on Aging and Adaptation, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Asahi 3-1-1, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yazaki M, Liepnieks JJ, Yamashita T, Guenther B, Skinner M, Benson MD. Renal amyloidosis caused by a novel stop-codon mutation in the apolipoprotein A-II gene. Kidney Int 2001; 60:1658-65. [PMID: 11703582 DOI: 10.1046/j.1523-1755.2001.00024.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although apolipoprotein A-II (apoA-II) associated amyloidosis has been described in the senescent accelerated mouse (SAM) model of aging, so far there has been no report of human apoA-II amyloidosis except for a recent report of renal amyloidosis resulting from a stop-codon to glycine mutation of apoA-II. The mechanisms of amyloid formation in human apoA-II amyloidosis are not clear. METHODS A 46-year-old Caucasian male with proteinuria noted at 42 years of age was studied. Renal biopsy revealed amyloid deposition in glomeruli. DNA analysis of genes known to be associated with hereditary renal amyloidosis revealed no abnormalities. To elucidate the type of his amyloidosis, apoA-II gene and plasma apoA-II were examined. RESULTS DNA analysis revealed heterozygosity for a G to C transversion at the second position of the stop-codon of apoA-II gene, suggesting a stop to serine substitution at codon 78. Western blot analysis and amino acid sequence analysis of the patient's plasma apoA-II showed both normal apoA-II and variant apoA-II with a 21-amino acid residue extension at the C-terminus. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that the patient's amyloid fibrils were derived from apoA-II and the amyloidogenesis is likely to be closely linked to the peptide extension at the C-terminus of variant apoA-II. The pathogenesis of human apoA-II amyloidosis is different from that of SAM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Yazaki
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, 975 West Walnut Street, 1B-503, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
MacRaild CA, Hatters DM, Howlett GJ, Gooley PR. NMR structure of human apolipoprotein C-II in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate. Biochemistry 2001; 40:5414-21. [PMID: 11331005 DOI: 10.1021/bi002821m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The structure and protein-detergent interactions of apolipoprotein C-II (apoC-II) in the presence of SDS micelles have been investigated using circular dichroism and heteronuclear NMR techniques applied to (15)N-labeled protein. Micellar SDS, a commonly used mimetic of the lipoprotein surface, inhibits the aggregation of apoC-II and induces a stable structure containing approximately 60% alpha-helix as determined by circular dichroism. NMR reveals the first 12 residues of apoC-II to be structurally heterogeneous and largely disordered, with the rest of the protein forming a predominantly helical structure. Three regions of helical conformation, residues 16-36, 50-56, and 63-77, are well-defined by NMR-derived constraints, with the intervening regions showing more loosely defined helical conformation. The structure of apoC-II is compared to that determined for other apolipoproteins in a similar environment. Our results shed light on the lipid interactions of apoC-II and its mechanism of lipoprotein lipase activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C A MacRaild
- Russell Grimwade School of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Gate 12, Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Xing Y, Nakamura A, Chiba T, Kogishi K, Matsushita T, Li F, Guo Z, Hosokawa M, Mori M, Higuchi K. Transmission of mouse senile amyloidosis. J Transl Med 2001; 81:493-9. [PMID: 11304568 DOI: 10.1038/labinvest.3780257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
SUMMARY In mouse senile amyloidosis, apolipoprotein A-II polymerizes into amyloid fibrils (AApoAII) and deposits systemically. Peripheral injection of AApoAII fibrils into young mice induces systemic amyloidosis (Higuchi et al, 1998). We isolated AApoAII amyloid fibrils from the livers of old R1.P1-Apoa2(c) mice and injected them with feeding needles into the stomachs of young R1.P1-Apoa2(c) mice for 5 consecutive days. After 2 months, all mice had AApoAII deposits in the lamina propria of the small intestine. Amyloid deposition extended to the tongue, stomach, heart, and liver at 3 and 4 months after feeding. AApoAII suspended in drinking water also induced amyloidosis. Amyloid deposition was induced in young mice reared in the same cage for 3 months with old mice who had severe amyloidosis. Detection of AApoAII in feces of old mice and induction of amyloidosis by the injection of an amyloid fraction of feces suggested the propagation of amyloidosis by eating feces. Here, we substantiate the transmissibility of AApoAII amyloidosis and present a possible pathogenesis of amyloidosis, ie, oral transmission of amyloid fibril conformation, where we assert that exogenous amyloid fibrils act as templates and change the conformation of endogenous amyloid protein to polymerize into amyloid fibrils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Xing
- Department of Aging Angiology, Research Center on Aging and Adaptation, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Yazaki M, Tokuda T, Nakamura A, Higashikata T, Koyama J, Higuchi K, Harihara Y, Baba S, Kametani F, Ikeda S. Cardiac amyloid in patients with familial amyloid polyneuropathy consists of abundant wild-type transthyretin. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2000; 274:702-6. [PMID: 10924339 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.2000.3203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Patients with familial amyloid polyneuropathy (FAP) are now cured by liver transplantation, but cardiac amyloidosis would further progress even after liver transplantation in some patients. To clarify the pathological mechanism of the progress of cardiac amyloidosis in FAP, we investigated cardiac tissues obtained from 6 FAP patients with 3 different types of TTR mutations. One of them had undergone liver transplantation and one year later died of cardiac amyloidosis. We determined clinical severity of cardiac involvement of those patients and characterized amyloid fibril proteins depositing in their cardiac muscles by immunohistochemistry, mass spectrometry and isoelectric focusing. All the patients had cardiac dysfunction and increased cardiac weight. Diffuse deposition of TTR-related amyloid was seen in their myocardium on microscopic examination. Amyloid fibrils of the heart were composed of wild-type TTR as well as variant TTR at a ratio of about 1:1 in 5 patients without liver transplantation. In the patient with a transplanted liver, about 80% of the cardiac amyloid consisted of wild-type TTR. Wild-type TTR contributes greatly to the development of amyloid deposition in the heart of FAP patients regardless of the types of TTR mutations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Yazaki
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Hatters DM, MacPhee CE, Lawrence LJ, Sawyer WH, Howlett GJ. Human apolipoprotein C-II forms twisted amyloid ribbons and closed loops. Biochemistry 2000; 39:8276-83. [PMID: 10889036 DOI: 10.1021/bi000002w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Human apolipoprotein C-II (apoC-II) self-associates in solution to form aggregates with the characteristics of amyloid including red-green birefringence in the presence of Congo Red under cross-polarized light, increased fluorescence in the presence of thioflavin T, and a fibrous structure when examined by electron microscopy. ApoC-II was expressed and purified from Escherichia coli and rapidly exchanged from 5 M guanidine hydrochloride into 100 mM sodium phosphate, pH 7.4, to a final concentration of 0.3 mg/mL. This apoC-II was initially soluble, eluting as low molecular weight species in gel filtration experiments using Sephadex G-50. Circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy indicated predominantly unordered structure. Upon incubation for 24 h, apoC-II self-associated into high molecular weight aggregates as indicated by elution in the void volume of a Sephadex G-50 column, by rapid sedimentation in an analytical ultracentrifuge, and by increased light scattering. CD spectroscopy indicated an increase in beta-sheet content, while fluorescence emission spectroscopy of the single tryptophan revealed a blue shift and an increase in maximum intensity, suggesting repositioning of the tryptophan into a less polar environment. Electron microscopy of apoC-II aggregates revealed a novel looped-ribbon morphology (width 12 nm) and several isolated closed loops. Like all of the conserved plasma apolipoproteins, apoC-II contains amphipathic helical regions that account for the increase in alpha-helix content on lipid binding. The increase in beta-structure accompanying apoC-II fibril formation points to an alternative folding pathway and an in vitro system to explore the general tendency of apolipoproteins to form amyloid in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D M Hatters
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Affiliation(s)
- K Higuchi
- Department of Aging Angiology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | | | | |
Collapse
|