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Kruszewska N, Domino K, Drelich R, Urbaniak W, Petelska AD. Interactions between Beta-2-Glycoprotein-1 and Phospholipid Bilayer-A Molecular Dynamic Study. MEMBRANES 2020; 10:membranes10120396. [PMID: 33291449 PMCID: PMC7762114 DOI: 10.3390/membranes10120396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the interactions appearing when the beta-2-glycoprotein-1 binds to a lipid bilayer. The inter- and intra-molecular forces acting between the two macromolecular systems have been investigated using a molecular dynamics simulation method. The importance of water bridges has also been addressed. Additionally, the viscoelastic response of the bilayer has been studied. In detail, the (saturated-chain) 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) and (unsaturated-chain) 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (POPE) bilayers have been chosen to test their behavior near the protein. Both of the lipids have a polar head but different chemical structures and are similar to the main phospholipids present in the synovial fluid. This study is meaningful for further explaining the worsening friction properties in articular cartilage, as the inactivation of phospholipid bilayers by beta-2-glycoprotein-1 is believed to be a cause of the destruction of cartilage in most rheumatic diseases and osteoarthritis. It was found that the protein binds stronger to the DPPC bilayer than to the POPE, but in both cases, it has the potential to change the local bilayer stability. Nevertheless, the binding forces are placed within a small area (only a few lipids contribute to the binding, creating many interactions). However, together, they are not stronger than the covalent bonds between C-O, thus, potentially, it is possible to push the lipids into the bilayer but detaching the lipids' heads from the tail is not possible. Additionally, the protein causes water displacement from the vicinity of the bilayer, and this may be a contributor to the instability of the bilayer (disrupting the water bridges needed for the stabilization of the bilayer, especially in the case of DPPC where the heads are not so well stabilized by H-bonds as they are in POPE). Moreover, it was found that the diffusivity of lipids in the DPPC bilayer bound to the protein is significantly different from the diffusivity of the ones which are not in contact with the protein. The POPE bilayer is stiffer due to intramolecular interactions, which are stronger than in the DPPC; thus, the viscous to elastic effects in the POPE case are more significant than in the case of the DPPC. It is, therefore, harder to destabilize the POPE bilayer than the DPPC one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Kruszewska
- Institute of Mathematics and Physics, UTP University of Science and Technology, Kaliskiego 7, 85-796 Bydgoszcz, Poland
- Correspondence: (N.K.); (A.D.P.)
| | - Krzysztof Domino
- Institute of Theoretical and Applied Informatics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Bałtycka 5, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland;
| | - Radosław Drelich
- Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Technical Sciences, Kazimierz Wielki University, Chodkiewicza 30, 85-867 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (R.D.); (W.U.)
| | - Wiesław Urbaniak
- Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Technical Sciences, Kazimierz Wielki University, Chodkiewicza 30, 85-867 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (R.D.); (W.U.)
| | - Aneta D. Petelska
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bialystok, Ciolkowskiego 1K, 15-425 Bialystok, Poland
- Correspondence: (N.K.); (A.D.P.)
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Mlambo ZP, Varaden D, Moodley J, Naicker T. Are concentrations of clusterin and beta-2-glycoprotein I dysregulated in HIV associated preeclampsia? Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2020; 251:1-7. [PMID: 32454375 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2020.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the levels of serum beta-2-glycoprotein I (β2GP1) and clusterin in the duality of Pre-eclampsia and HIV. METHOD Stored serum samples collected from 72 pregnant women were stratified according to the pregnancy type (pre-eclamptic and healthy normotensive groups) and HIV status (positive or negative). A Bio-Plex multiplex immunoassay was used to determine the concentrations of clusterin and β2GP1. RESULTS Clusterin concentrations differed significantly (p = 0.01) between the HIV positive (+) (mean = 123 800 ng/ml; 95 % CI: 105 400-142 200) vs. HIV negative (-) (mean = 92 190 ng /ml; 95 %CI: 75 840-108 500) groups and across all groups (p = 0.0006). Beta-2-glycoprotein I concentration differed significantly based on HIV status (p < 0.0001); HIV+ (mean = 393 649 ng/ml; 95 %CI: 30 300-467 000) vs HIV- (mean = 224 309 ng/ml; 95 %CI: 154 000-294 700) and across all groups (p < 0.0001). No significant difference was observed between normotensive and Pre-eclamptic groups for both clusterin and β2GPI. CONCLUSION Serum concentrations of clusterin and β2GPI were significantly increased in HIV positive pregnancies. It is postulated that both clusterin and β2GPI may have a role in HIV disease progression. These findings need to be confirmed in studies having larger sample sizes and detailed information on anti-retroviral therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zinhle P Mlambo
- Optics and Imaging Centre, Doris Duke Medical Research Institute, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
| | - Deneshree Varaden
- Optics and Imaging Centre, Doris Duke Medical Research Institute, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Jagidesa Moodley
- Womens' Health and HIV Research Group, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Thajasvarie Naicker
- Optics and Imaging Centre, Doris Duke Medical Research Institute, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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Tokutake T, Ieko M, Naito S, Yoshida M, Baba H, Kobayashi H, Ishida F. Magnesium‐dependent activated partial thromboplastin time assay—Simple method for lupus anticoagulant detection. Int J Lab Hematol 2019; 42:46-51. [DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.13134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Masahiro Ieko
- Department of Internal Medicine School of Dentistry Health Sciences University of Hokkaido Ishikari‐Tobetsu Japan
| | - Sumiyoshi Naito
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Hospital of Health Sciences University of Hokkaido Sapporo Japan
| | - Mika Yoshida
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Health Sciences University of Hokkaido Ishikari‐Tobetsu Japan
| | - Hisami Baba
- Department of Transfusion Nagano Red Cross Hospital Nagano Japan
| | - Hikaru Kobayashi
- Department of Transfusion Nagano Red Cross Hospital Nagano Japan
- Department of Hematology Nagano Red Cross Hospital Nagano Japan
| | - Fumihiro Ishida
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Sciences School of Health Sciences Shinshu University School of Medicine Matsumoto Japan
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4
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Liposome and immune system interplay: Challenges and potentials. J Control Release 2019; 305:194-209. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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5
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Nyboer B, Heiss K, Mueller AK, Ingmundson A. The Plasmodium liver-stage parasitophorous vacuole: A front-line of communication between parasite and host. Int J Med Microbiol 2017; 308:107-117. [PMID: 28964681 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmm.2017.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Revised: 08/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The intracellular development and differentiation of the Plasmodium parasite in the host liver is a prerequisite for the actual onset of malaria disease pathology. Since liver-stage infection is clinically silent and can be completely eliminated by sterilizing immune responses, it is a promising target for urgently needed innovative antimalarial drugs and/or vaccines. Discovered more than 65 years ago, these stages remain poorly understood regarding their molecular repertoire and interaction with their host cells in comparison to the pathogenic erythrocytic stages. The differentiating and replicative intrahepatic parasite resides in a membranous compartment called the parasitophorous vacuole, separating it from the host-cell cytoplasm. Here we outline seminal work that contributed to our present understanding of the fundamental dynamic cellular processes of the intrahepatic malarial parasite with both specific host-cell factors and compartments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Britta Nyboer
- Centre for Infectious Diseases, Parasitology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 324, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kirsten Heiss
- Centre for Infectious Diseases, Parasitology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 324, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), D 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ann-Kristin Mueller
- Centre for Infectious Diseases, Parasitology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 324, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), D 69120 Heidelberg, Germany,.
| | - Alyssa Ingmundson
- Department of Molecular Parasitology, Institute of Biology, Humboldt University Berlin, Philippstrasse 13, 10115 Berlin, Germany.
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Plasmodium berghei EXP-1 interacts with host Apolipoprotein H during Plasmodium liver-stage development. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:E1138-E1147. [PMID: 28137845 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1606419114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The first, obligatory replication phase of malaria parasite infections is characterized by rapid expansion and differentiation of single parasites in liver cells, resulting in the formation and release of thousands of invasive merozoites into the bloodstream. Hepatic Plasmodium development occurs inside a specialized membranous compartment termed the parasitophorous vacuole (PV). Here, we show that, during the parasite's hepatic replication, the C-terminal region of the parasitic PV membrane protein exported protein 1 (EXP-1) binds to host Apolipoprotein H (ApoH) and that this molecular interaction plays a pivotal role for successful Plasmodium liver-stage development. Expression of a truncated EXP-1 protein, missing the specific ApoH interaction site, or down-regulation of ApoH expression in either hepatic cells or mouse livers by RNA interference resulted in impaired intrahepatic development. Furthermore, infection of mice with sporozoites expressing a truncated version of EXP-1 resulted in both a significant reduction of liver burden and delayed blood-stage patency, leading to a disease outcome different from that generally induced by infection with wild-type parasites. This study identifies a host-parasite protein interaction during the hepatic stage of infection by Plasmodium parasites. The identification of such vital interactions may hold potential toward the development of novel malaria prevention strategies.
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Chiu WC, Chiou TJ, Chung MJ, Chiang AN. β2-Glycoprotein I Inhibits Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-Induced Angiogenesis by Suppressing the Phosphorylation of Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase 1/2, Akt, and Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0161950. [PMID: 27579889 PMCID: PMC5006999 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is the process of new blood vessel formation, and it plays a key role in various physiological and pathological conditions. The β2-glycoprotein I (β2-GPI) is a plasma glycoprotein with multiple biological functions, some of which remain to be elucidated. This study aimed to identify the contribution of 2-GPI on the angiogenesis induced by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a pro-angiogenic factor that may regulate endothelial remodeling, and its underlying mechanism. Our results revealed that β2-GPI dose-dependently decreased the VEGF-induced increase in endothelial cell proliferation, using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and the bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation assays. Furthermore, incubation with both β2-GPI and deglycosylated β2-GPI inhibited the VEGF-induced tube formation. Our results suggest that the carbohydrate residues of β2-GPI do not participate in the function of anti-angiogenesis. Using in vivo Matrigel plug and angioreactor assays, we show that β2-GPI remarkably inhibited the VEGF-induced angiogenesis at a physiological concentration. Moreover, β2-GPI inhibited the VEGF-induced phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), Akt, and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). In summary, our in vitro and in vivo data reveal for the first time that β2-GPI inhibits the VEGF-induced angiogenesis and highlights the potential for β2-GPI in anti-angiogenic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Chin Chiu
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tzeon-Jye Chiou
- Division of Transfusion Medicine, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Ju Chung
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - An-Na Chiang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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Kulkarni M, Flašker A, Lokar M, Mrak-Poljšak K, Mazare A, Artenjak A, Čučnik S, Kralj S, Velikonja A, Schmuki P, Kralj-Iglič V, Sodin-Semrl S, Iglič A. Binding of plasma proteins to titanium dioxide nanotubes with different diameters. Int J Nanomedicine 2015; 10:1359-73. [PMID: 25733829 PMCID: PMC4340467 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s77492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Titanium and titanium alloys are considered to be one of the most applicable materials in medical devices because of their suitable properties, most importantly high corrosion resistance and the specific combination of strength with biocompatibility. In order to improve the biocompatibility of titanium surfaces, the current report initially focuses on specifying the topography of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanotubes (NTs) by electrochemical anodization. The zeta potential (ζ-potential) of NTs showed a negative value and confirmed the agreement between the measured and theoretically predicted dependence of ζ-potential on salt concentration, whereby the absolute value of ζ-potential diminished with increasing salt concentrations. We investigated binding of various plasma proteins with different sizes and charges using the bicinchoninic acid assay and immunofluorescence microscopy. Results showed effective and comparatively higher protein binding to NTs with 100 nm diameters (compared to 50 or 15 nm). We also showed a dose-dependent effect of serum amyloid A protein binding to NTs. These results and theoretical calculations of total available surface area for binding of proteins indicate that the largest surface area (also considering the NT lengths) is available for 100 nm NTs, with decreasing surface area for 50 and 15 nm NTs. These current investigations will have an impact on increasing the binding ability of biomedical devices in the body leading to increased durability of biomedical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukta Kulkarni
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ajda Flašker
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Maruša Lokar
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Katjuša Mrak-Poljšak
- Department of Rheumatology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Anca Mazare
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andrej Artenjak
- Sandoz Biopharmaceuticals Mengeš, Lek Pharmaceuticals dd, Menges, Slovenia
| | - Saša Čučnik
- Department of Rheumatology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Slavko Kralj
- Department for Materials Synthesis, Institute Jožef Stefan (IJS), Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Aljaž Velikonja
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Patrik Schmuki
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Snezna Sodin-Semrl
- Department of Rheumatology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Science and Information Technology, University of Primorska, Koper, Slovenia
| | - Aleš Iglič
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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9
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Kralj-Iglič V. Membrane Microvesiculation and its Suppression. ADVANCES IN PLANAR LIPID BILAYERS AND LIPOSOMES 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.adplan.2015.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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10
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Paolorossi M, Montich GG. Conformational changes of β2-human glycoprotein I and lipid order in lipid–protein complexes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2011; 1808:2167-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2011.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2011] [Revised: 05/05/2011] [Accepted: 05/06/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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11
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Pavlič JI, Genova J, Zheliaskova A, Iglič A, Mitov MD. Bending elasticity of lipid membranes in presence of beta 2 glycoprotein I in the surrounding solution. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/253/1/012064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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12
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Budding of giant unilamellar vesicles induced by an amphitropic protein β2-glycoprotein I. Biophys Chem 2010; 152:46-54. [PMID: 20719426 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2010.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2010] [Revised: 07/26/2010] [Accepted: 07/28/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
β(2)-glycoprotein I (β(2)GPI) is a plasma protein capable of binding reversibly to membranes, and is classified among the amphitropic proteins. Part of the protein intercalates into the outer membrane leaflet, altering the difference between the preferred areas of the membrane leaflets, which results in membrane shape transformations. Budding, as a specific example of such shape transformations, was studied using giant unilamellar vesicles. Our aim was to identify the vesicle parameters that influence the degree of membrane budding by studying this process qualitatively and quantitatively. A simple theoretical model has been developed and assessed against the experimental observations. The results show that β(2)GPI binds in a concentration dependent manner, causing transitions between vesicle shapes with increasing numbers of buds. Higher numbers of buds are characteristic of larger and/or more flaccid vesicles. When the vesicle membrane is strained, a higher β(2)GPI concentration is needed to produce the same effects as on the unstrained vesicle. Vesicles were found to be highly individual in their behaviour, so each was treated individually. Specific vesicle behaviour was found to be the consequence of the neck between the main vesicle body and the buds, which could be either open, closed for the exchange of solution, or closed for the exchange of both solution and membrane.
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13
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Liu RQ, Zhou QH, Ji SR, Zhou Q, Feng D, Wu Y, Sui SF. Membrane localization of beta-amyloid 1-42 in lysosomes: a possible mechanism for lysosome labilization. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:19986-96. [PMID: 20430896 PMCID: PMC2888410 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.036798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2009] [Revised: 04/22/2010] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
beta-Amyloid peptide (Abeta42) is the core protein of amyloid plaque in Alzheimer disease. The intracellular accumulation of Abeta42 in the endosomal/lysosomal system has been under investigation for many years, but the direct link between Abeta42 accumulation and dysfunction of the endosomal/lysosomal system is still largely unknown. Here, we found that both in vitro and in vivo, a major portion of Abeta42 was tightly inserted into and a small portion peripherally associated with the lysosomal membrane, whereas its soluble portion was minimal. We also found that the Abeta42 molecules inserted into the membrane tended to form multiple oligomeric aggregates, whereas Abeta40 peptides formed only dimers. Neutralizing lysosomal pH in differentiated PC12 cells decreased the lysosomal membrane insertion of Abeta42 and moderated Abeta42-induced lysosomal labilization and cytotoxicity. Our findings, thus, suggest that the membrane-inserted portion of Abeta42 accumulated in lysosomes may destabilize the lysosomal membrane and induce neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Qin Liu
- From the State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Qing-Hua Zhou
- From the State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Shang-Rong Ji
- From the State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Qiang Zhou
- From the State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Du Feng
- From the State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yi Wu
- From the State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Sen-Fang Sui
- From the State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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14
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Guo S, Ye S, Liu Y, Wei L, Xue J, Wu H, Song F, Zhang J, Wu X, Huang D, Rao Z. Crystal structure of Bacillus thuringiensis Cry8Ea1: An insecticidal toxin toxic to underground pests, the larvae of Holotrichia parallela. J Struct Biol 2009; 168:259-66. [PMID: 19591941 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2009.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2009] [Revised: 05/21/2009] [Accepted: 07/05/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Crystal (Cry) proteins belong to an insect toxin family encoded and expressed by a variety of Bacillus thuringiensis isolates, and are named due to their in vivo auto-crystallization abilities. To kill the infected host insects, protease-activated Cry toxins should firstly be recognized by certain membrane receptors on the surface of insect midgut epithelial cells and consequently assemble together as lethal transmembrane pores. Here we report the 2.2-A crystal structure of Cry8Ea1 toxin, a Cry family member specifically toxic to the underground larvae of Holotrichia parallela. Superimposition of the domain I from Cry8Ea1 and other structurally characterized Cry toxins reveals an identical surface proline residue and a highly conserved kink of a helix, both of which have drawn comparatively little attention from previous researchers. Further structural analysis and functional studies suggest that both the proline and the helix kink might be essential in exposing a helix-helix hairpin, which is believed to be the very first step in the well-known "umbrella" model of the membrane penetration. In summary, we propose a plausible model of the initiation of Cry toxin domain I disassembly before membrane penetration and pore formation.
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15
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Parameters modulating the maximum insertion pressure of proteins and peptides in lipid monolayers. Biochimie 2009; 91:718-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2009.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2008] [Accepted: 03/25/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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16
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Agglutination of like-charged red blood cells induced by binding of β2-glycoprotein I to outer cell surface. Bioelectrochemistry 2008; 73:110-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2008.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2007] [Revised: 04/08/2008] [Accepted: 04/09/2008] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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17
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Chapter 8 Interactions of Phospholipid Binding Proteins with Negatively Charged Membranes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1554-4516(08)00208-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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18
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Polyansky AA, Volynsky PE, Nolde DE, Arseniev AS, Efremov RG. Role of lipid charge in organization of water/lipid bilayer interface: insights via computer simulations. J Phys Chem B 2007; 109:15052-9. [PMID: 16852905 DOI: 10.1021/jp0510185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Anionic unsaturated lipid bilayers represent suitable model systems that mimic real cell membranes: they are fluid and possess a negative surface charge. Understanding of detailed molecular organization of water-lipid interfaces in such systems may provide an important insight into the mechanisms of proteins' binding to membranes. Molecular dynamics (MD) of full-atom hydrated lipid bilayers is one of the most powerful tools to address this problem in silico. Unfortunately, wide application of computational methods for such systems is limited by serious technical problems. They are mainly related to correct treatment of long-range electrostatic effects. In this study a physically reliable model of an anionic unsaturated bilayer of 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoserine (DOPS) was elaborated and subjected to long-term MD simulations. Electrostatic interactions were treated with two different algorithms: spherical cutoff function and particle-mesh Ewald summation (PME). To understand the role of lipid charge in the system behavior, similar calculations were also carried out for zwitterionic bilayer composed of 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC). It was shown that, for the charged DOPS bilayer, the PME protocol performs much better than the cutoff scheme. In the last case a number of artifacts in the structural organization of the bilayer were observed. All of them were attributed to inadequate treatment of electrostatic interactions of lipid headgroups with counterions. Electrostatic properties, along with structural and dynamic parameters, of both lipid bilayers were investigated. Comparative analysis of the MD data reveals that the water-lipid interface of the DOPC bilayer is looser than that for DOPS. This makes possible deeper penetration of water molecules inside the zwitterionic (DOPC) bilayer, where they strongly interact with carbonyls of lipids. This can lead to thickening of the membrane interface in zwitterionic as compared to negatively charged bilayers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton A Polyansky
- Department of Bioengineering, Biological Faculty, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russia.
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Sakai T, Balasubramanian K, Maiti S, Halder JB, Schroit AJ. Plasmin-cleaved beta-2-glycoprotein 1 is an inhibitor of angiogenesis. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2007; 171:1659-69. [PMID: 17872974 PMCID: PMC2043526 DOI: 10.2353/ajpath.2007.070146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
beta-2-Glycoprotein 1, an abundant plasma glycoprotein, binds anionic cell surfaces and functions as a regulator of thrombosis. Here, we show that cleavage of the kringle domain at Lys317/Thr318 switches its function to a regulator of angiogenesis. In vitro, the cleaved protein specifically inhibited the proliferation and migration of endothelial cells. The protein was without effect on preformed endothelial cell tubes. In vivo, the cleaved protein inhibited neovascularization into subcutaneously implanted Matrigel and Gelfoam sponge implants and the growth of orthotopically injected tumors. Collectively, these data indicate that plasmin-cleaved beta-2-glycoprotein 1 is a potent antiangiogenic and antitumor molecule of potential therapeutic significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taro Sakai
- The Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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20
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Urbanija J, Tomsic N, Lokar M, Ambrozic A, Cucnik S, Rozman B, Kanduser M, Iglic A, Kralj-Iglic V. Coalescence of phospholipid membranes as a possible origin of anticoagulant effect of serum proteins. Chem Phys Lipids 2007; 150:49-57. [PMID: 17662972 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2007.06.216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2007] [Revised: 06/07/2007] [Accepted: 06/08/2007] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Interactions between phospholipid membranes (made of palmitoyloleoylphosphatidylcholine, cardiolipin and cholesterol) after addition of beta2 glycoprotein I (beta2GPI) or anti-beta2GPI antibodies or a mixture of both were studied by observing giant phospholipid vesicles under the phase contrast microscope. Both, negatively charged and neutral vesicles coalesced into complexes and adhered to the bottom of the observation chamber in the presence of beta2GPI in solution. Anti-beta2GPIs alone or previously mixed with beta2GPI caused coalescence of charged but not neutral vesicles, i.e. for neutral membranes the effect of beta2GPI was abolished by the presence of anti-beta2GPIs. Since the presence of the above adhesion mediators can prevent fragmentation of the membrane we propose a (new) possible anticoagulant mechanism for some serum proteins by preventing the release of prothrombogenic microexovesicles into circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasna Urbanija
- Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Lipiceva 2, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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21
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Weroński K, Busquets MA, Girona V, Prat J. Influence of lipidation of GBV-C/HGV NS3 (513-522) and (505-514) peptide sequences on its interaction with mono and bilayers. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2006; 57:8-16. [PMID: 17292591 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2006.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2006] [Revised: 09/26/2006] [Accepted: 11/27/2006] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Two decapeptide fragments of the non-structural hepatitis G NS3 protein (GBV-C/HGV), 513-522 (RGRTGRGRSG) and 505-514 (SAELSMQRRG), as well as their palmitoylated derivatives were synthesized. The physico-chemical properties of the peptides were analyzed in both the absence and presence of the zwitterionic 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine (DPPC), the negative 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-[phospho-rac-(1-glycerol)] (DPPG) and the positive 1,2-dioeloyl-3-trimethylammonium-propane (DOTAP) lipid monolayers. Based on their high hydrophilic properties, neither parent peptide presented surface activity and their incorporation into lipid monolayers was low. In contrast, their palmitoylated derivatives showed concentration-dependent surface activity and could be inserted into lipid monolayers to varying degrees depending on their sequence. Compression isotherms showed that the presence of palmitoylated peptides in the subphase resulted in a molecular arrangement less condensed than that corresponding to the pure phospholipid. In concordance with the monolayer results, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) demonstrated that the parent peptides did not have any effect on the thermograms, while the palmitoylated derivatives affected the thermotropic properties of DPPC bilayers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konrad Weroński
- Physical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
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22
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Sánchez-Magraner L, Cortajarena AL, Goñi FM, Ostolaza H. Membrane Insertion of Escherichia coli α-Hemolysin Is Independent from Membrane Lysis. J Biol Chem 2006; 281:5461-7. [PMID: 16377616 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m512897200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli alpha-hemolysin (HlyA) is a protein exotoxin that binds and lyses eukaryotic cell and model membranes in the presence of calcium. Previous studies have been able to distinguish between reversible toxin binding to the membrane and irreversible insertion into the lipid matrix. Membrane lysis occurs as the combined effect of protein insertion plus a transient perturbation of the membrane bilayer structure. In the past, insertion and bilayer perturbation have not been experimentally dissected. This has now been achieved by studying HlyA penetration into lipid monolayers at the air-water interface, in which three-dimensional effects (of the kind required to break down the bilayer permeability barrier) cannot occur. The study of native HlyA, together with the nonlytic precursor pro-HlyA, and of different mutants demonstrates that although some nonlytic variants (e.g. pro-HlyA) exhibit very low levels of insertion, others (e.g. the nonlytic mutant HlyA H859N) insert even more strongly than the lytic wild type. These results show that insertion does not necessarily lead to membrane lysis, i.e. that insertion and lysis are not "coupled" phenomena. Millimolar levels of Ca(2+), which are essential for the lytic activity, cause an extra degree of insertion but only in the case of the lytic forms of HlyA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lissete Sánchez-Magraner
- Unidad de Biofísica (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea), and Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidad del País Vasco, Aptdo. 644, 48080 Bilbao, Spain
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23
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Gamsjaeger R, Johs A, Gries A, Gruber H, Romanin C, Prassl R, Hinterdorfer P. Membrane binding of beta2-glycoprotein I can be described by a two-state reaction model: an atomic force microscopy and surface plasmon resonance study. Biochem J 2005; 389:665-73. [PMID: 15813706 PMCID: PMC1180716 DOI: 10.1042/bj20050156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Complexes formed between beta2GPI (beta2-glycoprotein I), a human plasma protein, and biological membranes are considered to be targets of macrophages and antiphospholipid autoantibodies involved in autoimmune diseases, such as antiphospholipid syndrome or systemic lupus erythematosus. The positively charged lysine-rich fifth domain of beta2GPI facilitates its interaction with phospholipid membranes containing acidic phospholipids, which normally become exposed by apoptotic processes. In the present study, atomic force microscopy was applied to visualize the binding of beta2GPI to a mixed phospholipid model membrane at physiological ionic strength. On supported lipid bilayers the formation of supramolecular assemblies of the protein with a height of approx. 3.3 nm was observed, suggesting a lateral agglomeration of beta2GPI. Detailed analysis of kinetic constants using surface plasmon resonance revealed that the binding can be described by a two-state reaction model, i.e. a very fast interaction step, depending on the content of acidic phospholipids in the bilayer, and a second step with significantly lower k(on) and k(off) values. Taken together, our results suggest a biphasic interaction mechanism: a fast step of beta2GPI binding to negatively charged lipids, mainly based on electrostatic interactions, and a slower phase of agglomeration of the protein on the bilayer surface accompanied by a protein-induced rigidification of the membrane, as revealed by electron paramagnetic resonance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland Gamsjaeger
- *Institute of Biophysics, University of Linz, Altenbergerstrasse 69, A-4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Alexander Johs
- †Institute of Biophysics and X-Ray Structure Research of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Schmiedlstrasse 6, A-8042 Graz, Austria
| | - Anna Gries
- ‡Institute of Physiology, Medical University of Graz, Harrachgasse 21, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Hermann J. Gruber
- *Institute of Biophysics, University of Linz, Altenbergerstrasse 69, A-4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Christoph Romanin
- *Institute of Biophysics, University of Linz, Altenbergerstrasse 69, A-4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Ruth Prassl
- †Institute of Biophysics and X-Ray Structure Research of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Schmiedlstrasse 6, A-8042 Graz, Austria
- To whom correspondence should be addressed (email )
| | - Peter Hinterdorfer
- *Institute of Biophysics, University of Linz, Altenbergerstrasse 69, A-4040 Linz, Austria
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24
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Balasubramanian K, Maiti SN, Schroit AJ. Recruitment of beta-2-glycoprotein 1 to cell surfaces in extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis. Apoptosis 2005; 10:439-46. [PMID: 15843904 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-005-0817-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Apoptotic cells and phagocytes have developed a diverse array of distinct ligand-receptor systems that drive the recognition and uptake of dying cells. Phagocytes recognize apoptotic cells either directly, by binding to specific ligands at their cell surface, or indirectly, by binding to bridging proteins that bind these ligands. Previous observations showed that the plasma bridging protein beta2GP1, binds PS containing vesicles, and enhances their binding and engulfment by phagocytes in vitro. In this study we show that apoptotic cells injected intravenously and intraperitonealy into syngeneic mice recruited the PS binding protein, beta2GP1. Examination of peritoneal exudates and spleen thin sections showed that only the injected apoptotic cells picked up endogenous beta2GP1. Recovery of cells from the peritoneum showed that apoptotic cells bearing beta2GP1 were clustered around host peritoneal phagocytes. In addition, tissue sections from mice injected with Fas antibody showed colocalization of beta2GP1 with TUNEL-positive apoptotic cells. These results provide evidence that endogenous beta2GP1 binds apoptotic cells in vivo, suggesting that the protein plays an important physiologic role in the recognition of dying cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Balasubramanian
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
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25
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Bas de Laat H, Derksen RHWM, de Groot PG. β2-Glycoprotein I, the playmaker of the antiphospholipid syndrome. Clin Immunol 2004; 112:161-8. [PMID: 15240159 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2004.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2004] [Accepted: 02/27/2004] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
From its discovery in the early 60s till the beginning of the 90s, there was not much interest in plasma protein beta2-glycoprotein I (beta2-GPI). The finding that beta2-GPI acts as an essential cofactor for the detection of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) tremendously increased the interest in beta2-GPI [Lancet 335 (1990) 1544; Lancet 336 (1990) 177; Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 87 (1990) 4120]. It is now generally accepted that autoantibodies directed towards beta2-GPI are not only a serological marker but that they are involved in the pathology of the antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). In this review, we will first discuss the biochemistry of the protein beta2-GPI and the influence that the antibodies have on the function of beta2-GPI. Next, we will discuss the problems that are faced when assays to detect the presence of the autoantibodies are performed, emphasizing the urgent need for standardization of the anti-beta2-GPI-ELISA. Finally, we will discuss our latest insights into beta2-GPI and its role in the pathology of APS. Thereby, we will focus on the role of dimerized beta2-GPI on platelet and endothelial cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Bas de Laat
- Department of Haematology, Thrombosis and Haemostasis Laboratory, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands
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26
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He Y, Li X, Wang F, Xue Y, Sui S. Two forms of the membrane-bound state of the first C2 domain (C2A) of synaptotagmin I and calcium-triggered membrane insertion. CHINESE SCIENCE BULLETIN-CHINESE 2003. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03184062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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27
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Wang F, Xia XF, Sui SF. Human apolipoprotein H may have various orientations when attached to lipid layer. Biophys J 2002; 83:985-93. [PMID: 12124280 PMCID: PMC1302202 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-3495(02)75224-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Apolipoprotein H (ApoH), also known as beta(2)-glycoprotein I, is a plasma glycoprotein with its in vivo physiological and pathogenic roles being closely related to its interaction with negatively charged membranes. Although the three-dimensional crystal structure of ApoH has been recently solved, direct evidence about the spatial state of ApoH on the membrane is still lacking. In this work, the interactions of ApoH with the lipid layer are studied by a combination of lipid monolayer approach and surface concentration determination. The spatial state of the orientation of ApoH on the lipid layer is investigated by analyzing the process of membrane-attached ApoH molecules being extruded out from the phospholipid monolayer by compression. The results show that on neutral lipid layer ApoH has an upright orientation, which is not sensitive to the phase state of the lipid layer. However, on acidic lipid layer, ApoH may have two forms of orientation. One is an upright orientation in the liquid phase region, and the other is flat orientation on the condensed domain region. The variation of the spatial state of ApoH on the lipid layer may relate to a variety of its physiological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, State-Key Laboratory of Biomembrane, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
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28
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Ronzon F, Desbat B, Chauvet JP, Roux B. Behavior of a GPI-anchored protein in phospholipid monolayers at the air-water interface. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2002; 1560:1-13. [PMID: 11958771 DOI: 10.1016/s0005-2736(01)00405-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The interaction between alkaline phosphatase (AP), a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored protein (AP-GPI), and phospholipids was monitored using Langmuir isotherms and PM-IRRAS spectroscopy. AP-GPI was injected under C16 phospholipid monolayers with either a neutral polar head (1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine monohydrate (DPPC)) or an anionic polar head (1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine (DPPS)). The increase in molecular area due to the injection of protein depended on the surface pressure and the type of phospholipid. At all surface pressures, it was highest in the case of DPPS monolayers. The surface elasticity coefficient E, determined from the pi-A diagrams, allowed to deduct that the AP-GPI-phospholipid mixtures presented a molecular arrangement less condensed than the corresponding pure phospholipid films. PM-IRRAS spectra suggested different protein-lipid interactions as a function of the nature of the lipids. AP-GPI modified the organization of the DPPS deuterated chains whereas AP-GPI affected only the polar group of DPPC at low surface pressure (8 mN/m). Different protein hydration layers between the DPPC and DPPS monolayers were suggested to explain these results. PM-IRRAS spectra of AP-GPI in the presence of lipids showed a shape similar to those collected for pure AP-GPI, indicating a similar orientation of AP-GPI in the presence or absence of phospholipids, where the active sites of the enzyme are turned outside of the membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Ronzon
- Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie Biologique, UMR 5013, Université Claude Bernard Lyon I, Villeurbanne, France.
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29
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Study on the insertion process of human apolipoprotein H into spread phospholipid monolayers by monitoring the initial change in surface pressure. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0927-7757(01)00936-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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30
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Phase separation of phospholipid monolayers induced by membrane penetration of human apolipoprotein H. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0927-7757(01)00943-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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31
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Yang Y, Bizzotto D. The influence of electrolyte concentration on the adsorption of octadecanol on Au(111). J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-0728(00)00405-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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32
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Xia XF, Sui SF. The membrane insertion of trichosanthin is membrane-surface-pH dependent. Biochem J 2000; 349 Pt 3:835-41. [PMID: 10903146 PMCID: PMC1221212 DOI: 10.1042/bj3490835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Trichosanthin (TCS) is the active component extracted from Tianhuafen, a traditional herbal medicine that has been used for abortion in China for centuries. It belongs to the type-I ribosome-inactivating protein (RIP) family and can inactivate the eukaryotic ribosome through its RNA N-glycosidase activity. Recent studies have shown TCS to be multifunctional, its pharmacological properties including immunomodulatory, anti-tumour and anti-HIV activities. The membrane-insertion property of TCS is thought to be essential for its physiological effect, for it must get across the membrane before it can enter the cytoplasm and exert its RIP function. In this paper, the membrane-insertion mechanism of TCS was studied. The monolayer experiment revealed that TCS's membrane-insertion ability was dependent on low pH. Fluorescence spectroscopy using 1-anilinonaphthalene-8-sulphonic acid as a probe showed that low pH may induce the conformational change of TCS that leads to the hydrophobic-site exposure, and the CD result showed that this conformational change did not alter its secondary structure. Such conformational change leads to an intermediate state, called the 'molten globular state' by previous investigators. The pH-dependent membrane insertion and conformational change were related by the fact that the optimal membrane-surface pH needed was the same for the two events. From these and other results, a membrane-insertion model was proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- X F Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Biomembranes, Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
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33
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Wang SX, Sun YT, Sui SF. Membrane-induced conformational change in human apolipoprotein H. Biochem J 2000; 348 Pt 1:103-6. [PMID: 10794719 PMCID: PMC1221041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
The interaction of apolipoprotein H (Apo H) with lipid membrane has been considered to be a basic mechanism for the biological function of the protein. Previous reports have demonstrated that Apo H can interact only with membranes containing anionic phospholipids. Here we study the membrane-induced conformational change of Apo H by CD spectroscopy with two different model systems: anionic-phospholipid-containing liposomes [such as 1, 2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoglycerol (DMPG) and cardiolipin], and the water/methanol mixtures at moderately low pH, which mimic the micro-physicochemical environment near the membrane surface. It is found that Apo H undergoes a remarkable conformational change on interaction with liposomes containing anionic phospholipid. To interact with liposomes containing DMPG, there is a 6.8% increase in alpha-helix in the secondary structures; in liposomes containing cardiolipin, however, there is a 12.6% increase in alpha-helix and a 9% decrease in beta-sheet. The similar conformation change in Apo H can be induced by treatment with an appropriate mixture of water/methanol. The results indicate that the association of Apo H with membrane is correlated with a certain conformational change in the secondary structure of the protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- S X Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
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34
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Abstract
Many proteins exhibit both a water-soluble and a membrane-bound state. The proteins in the membrane-bound state obtain a distinct structure from that in the bulk, which exists in many important biological processes. In the present paper we would stress that the variation of the physical chemistry properties of the microenvironment adjacent to the membrane-surface region play an important role in the process of the membrane-induced conformational changes of the proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- S F Sui
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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35
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Xia X, Wang S, Luo J, Wong RNS, Sui S. Trichosanthin can spontaneously penetrate phospholipid monolayer under acid condition. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02886348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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36
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Brockman H. Lipid monolayers: why use half a membrane to characterize protein-membrane interactions? Curr Opin Struct Biol 1999; 9:438-43. [PMID: 10449364 DOI: 10.1016/s0959-440x(99)80061-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 409] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Variants of membrane-active proteins and peptides are increasingly available through synthesis and molecular engineering. When determining the effects of structural changes upon the interaction of these proteins with lipid membranes, monomolecular films of lipids at the air-water interface have significant advantages over bilayers and other lipid dispersions. In the past year, a variety of protein-lipid interactions has been characterized successfully using relatively simple surface measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Brockman
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801 NE 16th Avenue, Austin, MN 55912, USA.
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