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Buckland GR, Wilding SA, McDonnell D, Hamady ZZR. The role of aspirin in the prevention of pancreatic cancer: A nested case-control study in the UK Biobank. Pancreatology 2024:S1424-3903(24)00703-8. [PMID: 39155166 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2024.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aspirin and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) usage has been associated with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) prevention, though epidemiological data have not reliably demonstrated this. The aim of this study is to identify if aspirin and other NSAIDs are effective in the primary prevention of PDAC in a large UK prospective cohort. METHODS A nested case-control study was conducted using the UK Biobank cohort. Incident PDAC cases (n = 1129 of whom 239 (21.2 %) were using aspirin) were age and sex-matched with cancer-free controls (n = 8822 of whom 1752 (19.9 %) were using aspirin). Conditional logistic regression models were used to generate odds ratios (ORs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI) for risk of PDAC with and without regular use of aspirin, non-aspirin NSAIDs and all NSAIDs respectively. Exploratory analyses were carried out assessing interactions with diabetes mellitus (DM) as a condition with increased pancreatic cancer risk. RESULTS Regular aspirin use at initial recruitment was independently associated with a decreased risk of PDAC (OR [95 % CI] = 0.80 [0.68-0.95] P = 0.01). Regular non-aspirin NSAID use was not associated with a risk reduction of PDAC (OR [95 % CI] = 1.01 [0.84-1.23] P = 0.88). Exploratory analyses showed that in those with DM; regular aspirin use reduced risk of PDAC (OR [95 % CI] = 0.60 [0.42-0.85] P = 0.004) compared to non-use. DISCUSSION Regular aspirin use is associated with a reduction in risk of PDAC. The reduced risk is more apparent in participants with DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- George R Buckland
- University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Sam A Wilding
- Southampton Clinical Trials Unit, University of Southampton, UK
| | - Declan McDonnell
- University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK; Faculty of Medicine, Human Development and Health, University of Southampton, UK
| | - Zaed Z R Hamady
- University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK; Faculty of Medicine, Human Development and Health, University of Southampton, UK.
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2
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Yanjun Y, Jing Z, Yifei S, Gangzhao G, Chenxin Y, Qiang W, Qiang Y, Shuwen H. Trace elements in pancreatic cancer. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e7454. [PMID: 39015024 PMCID: PMC11252496 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.7454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic cancer (PCA) is an extremely aggressive malignant cancer with an increasing incidence and a low five-year survival rate. The main reason for this high mortality is that most patients are diagnosed with PCA at an advanced stage, missing early treatment options and opportunities. As important nutrients of the human body, trace elements play an important role in maintaining normal physiological functions. Moreover, trace elements are closely related to many diseases, including PCA. REVIEW This review systematically summarizes the latest research progress on selenium, copper, arsenic, and manganese in PCA, elucidates their application in PCA, and provides a new reference for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of PCA. CONCLUSION Trace elements such as selenium, copper, arsenic and manganese are playing an important role in the risk, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of PCA. Meanwhile, they have a certain inhibitory effect on PCA, the mechanism mainly includes: promoting ferroptosis, inducing apoptosis, inhibiting metastasis, and inhibiting excessive proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Yanjun
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Huzhou HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHuzhouChina
| | - Zhuang Jing
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Huzhou HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHuzhouChina
| | - Song Yifei
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Huzhou HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHuzhouChina
| | - Gu Gangzhao
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Huzhou HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHuzhouChina
| | - Yan Chenxin
- Shulan International Medical schoolZhejiang Shuren UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Wei Qiang
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Huzhou HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHuzhouChina
| | - Yan Qiang
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Huzhou HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHuzhouChina
| | - Han Shuwen
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Huzhou HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHuzhouChina
- Institut Catholique de Lille, Junia (ICL), Université Catholique de Lille, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Transitions de Lille (LITL)LilleFrance
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3
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Matuszczak M, Kiljańczyk A, Marciniak W, Derkacz R, Stempa K, Baszuk P, Bryśkiewicz M, Sun P, Cheriyan A, Cybulski C, Dębniak T, Gronwald J, Huzarski T, Lener MR, Jakubowska A, Szwiec M, Stawicka-Niełacna M, Godlewski D, Prusaczyk A, Jasiewicz A, Kluz T, Tomiczek-Szwiec J, Kilar-Kobierzycka E, Siołek M, Wiśniowski R, Posmyk R, Jarkiewicz-Tretyn J, Scott RJ, Narod SA, Lubiński J. Zinc and Its Antioxidant Properties: The Potential Use of Blood Zinc Levels as a Marker of Cancer Risk in BRCA1 Mutation Carriers. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:609. [PMID: 38790714 PMCID: PMC11118047 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13050609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BRCA1 mutations predispose women to breast and ovarian cancer. The anticancer effect of zinc is typically linked to its antioxidant abilities and protecting cells against oxidative stress. Zinc regulates key processes in cancer development, including DNA repair, gene expression, and apoptosis. We took a blood sample from 989 female BRCA1 mutation carriers who were initially unaffected by cancer and followed them for a mean of 7.5 years thereafter. There were 172 incident cases of cancer, including 121 cases of breast cancer, 29 cases of ovarian cancers, and 22 cancers at other sites. A zinc level in the lowest tertile was associated with a modestly higher risk of ovarian cancer compared to women with zinc levels in the upper two tertiles (HR = 1.65; 95% CI 0.80 to 3.44; p = 0.18), but this was not significant. Among those women with zinc levels in the lowest tertile, the 10-year cumulative risk of ovarian cancer was 6.1%. Among those in the top two tertiles of zinc level, the ten-year cumulative risk of ovarian cancer was 4.7%. There was no significant association between zinc level and breast cancer risk. Our preliminary study does not support an association between serum zinc level and cancer risk in BRCA1 mutation carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Matuszczak
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University, ul. Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland; (M.M.); (A.K.); (K.S.); (M.B.); (C.C.); (T.D.); (J.G.); (T.H.)
| | - Adam Kiljańczyk
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University, ul. Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland; (M.M.); (A.K.); (K.S.); (M.B.); (C.C.); (T.D.); (J.G.); (T.H.)
| | - Wojciech Marciniak
- Read-Gene, Grzepnica, ul. Alabastrowa 8, 72-003 Dobra, Poland; (W.M.); (R.D.)
| | - Róża Derkacz
- Read-Gene, Grzepnica, ul. Alabastrowa 8, 72-003 Dobra, Poland; (W.M.); (R.D.)
| | - Klaudia Stempa
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University, ul. Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland; (M.M.); (A.K.); (K.S.); (M.B.); (C.C.); (T.D.); (J.G.); (T.H.)
| | - Piotr Baszuk
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University, ul. Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland; (M.M.); (A.K.); (K.S.); (M.B.); (C.C.); (T.D.); (J.G.); (T.H.)
| | - Marta Bryśkiewicz
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University, ul. Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland; (M.M.); (A.K.); (K.S.); (M.B.); (C.C.); (T.D.); (J.G.); (T.H.)
| | - Ping Sun
- Women’s College Research Institute, Women’s College Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1N8, Canada; (P.S.); (A.C.)
| | - Angela Cheriyan
- Women’s College Research Institute, Women’s College Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1N8, Canada; (P.S.); (A.C.)
| | - Cezary Cybulski
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University, ul. Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland; (M.M.); (A.K.); (K.S.); (M.B.); (C.C.); (T.D.); (J.G.); (T.H.)
- Read-Gene, Grzepnica, ul. Alabastrowa 8, 72-003 Dobra, Poland; (W.M.); (R.D.)
| | - Tadeusz Dębniak
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University, ul. Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland; (M.M.); (A.K.); (K.S.); (M.B.); (C.C.); (T.D.); (J.G.); (T.H.)
| | - Jacek Gronwald
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University, ul. Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland; (M.M.); (A.K.); (K.S.); (M.B.); (C.C.); (T.D.); (J.G.); (T.H.)
- Read-Gene, Grzepnica, ul. Alabastrowa 8, 72-003 Dobra, Poland; (W.M.); (R.D.)
| | - Tomasz Huzarski
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University, ul. Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland; (M.M.); (A.K.); (K.S.); (M.B.); (C.C.); (T.D.); (J.G.); (T.H.)
- Read-Gene, Grzepnica, ul. Alabastrowa 8, 72-003 Dobra, Poland; (W.M.); (R.D.)
- Department of Clinical Genetics and Pathology, University of Zielona Góra, ul. Zyty 28, 65-046 Zielona Góra, Poland
| | - Marcin R. Lener
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University, ul. Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland; (M.M.); (A.K.); (K.S.); (M.B.); (C.C.); (T.D.); (J.G.); (T.H.)
| | - Anna Jakubowska
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University, ul. Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland; (M.M.); (A.K.); (K.S.); (M.B.); (C.C.); (T.D.); (J.G.); (T.H.)
| | - Marek Szwiec
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, University of Zielona Góra, Zyty 28, 65-046 Zielona Góra, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Stawicka-Niełacna
- Department of Clinical Genetics and Pathology, University of Zielona Góra, ul. Zyty 28, 65-046 Zielona Góra, Poland
| | | | | | - Andrzej Jasiewicz
- Genetic Counseling Center, Subcarpatian Oncological Hospital, 18 Bielawskiego St., 36-200 Brzozów, Poland;
| | - Tomasz Kluz
- Department of Gynecology, Gynecology Oncology and Obstetrics, Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College, Rzeszow University, Rejtana 16c, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Joanna Tomiczek-Szwiec
- Department of Histology, Department of Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Opole, 45-040 Opole, Poland;
| | - Ewa Kilar-Kobierzycka
- Department of Oncology, District Specialist Hospital, Leśna 27-29 St., 58-100 Świdnica, Poland;
| | - Monika Siołek
- Holycross Cancer Center, Artwińskiego 3 St., 25-734 Kielce, Poland;
| | - Rafał Wiśniowski
- Regional Oncology Hospital, Wyzwolenia 18 St., 43-300 Bielsko Biała, Poland;
| | - Renata Posmyk
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Białystok, Poland;
| | | | - Rodney J. Scott
- Medical Genetics, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Priority Research Centre for Cancer Research, Innovation and Translation, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Pathology North, John Hunter Hospital, King and Auckland Streets, Newcastle, NSW 2300, Australia;
| | - Steven A. Narod
- Women’s College Research Institute, Women’s College Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1N8, Canada; (P.S.); (A.C.)
| | - Jan Lubiński
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University, ul. Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland; (M.M.); (A.K.); (K.S.); (M.B.); (C.C.); (T.D.); (J.G.); (T.H.)
- Read-Gene, Grzepnica, ul. Alabastrowa 8, 72-003 Dobra, Poland; (W.M.); (R.D.)
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4
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Mukhtar S, Moradi A, Kodali A, Okoye C, Klein D, Mohamoud I, Olanisa OO, Parab P, Chaudhary P, Hamid P. On the Menu: Analyzing the Macronutrients, Micronutrients, Beverages, Dietary Patterns, and Pancreatic Cancer Risk. Cureus 2023; 15:e45259. [PMID: 37842365 PMCID: PMC10576649 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.45259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
This narrative review summarizes the principal findings of observational studies, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses on diet and dietary patterns' role in the risk of pancreatic cancer. Etiologically pancreatic cancer is multifactorial. Evidence exists of an association between nutrients, dietary patterns, and pancreatic cancer. An extensive literature search was conducted on PubMed, Cochrane, and Google Scholar. A thorough search of articles published in English till May 2023 and related to the review was performed. The relationship between all macronutrients, micronutrients, and various dietary patterns with the risk of pancreatic cancer was assessed. It is concluded that a diet high in nutrients like red and processed meat, refined sugars, saturated and monounsaturated fats, alcohol, copper, and a Western dietary pattern can increase the likelihood of pancreatic cancer. Contrary to this, a diet consisting of fruits, vegetables, appropriate quantities of vitamins and minerals, and a Mediterranean dietary pattern is associated with a decreased risk of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Mukhtar
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Ali Moradi
- Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, HUN
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Athri Kodali
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Chiugo Okoye
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Dhadon Klein
- Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Iman Mohamoud
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Olawale O Olanisa
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Panah Parab
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Priti Chaudhary
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Pousette Hamid
- Neurology, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
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5
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Qu Z, Liu Q, Kong X, Wang X, Wang Z, Wang J, Fang Y. A Systematic Study on Zinc-Related Metabolism in Breast Cancer. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15071703. [PMID: 37049543 PMCID: PMC10096741 DOI: 10.3390/nu15071703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer has become the most common cancer worldwide. Despite the major advances made in the past few decades in the treatment of breast cancer using a combination of chemotherapy, endocrine therapy, and immunotherapy, the genesis, treatment, recurrence, and metastasis of this disease continue to pose significant difficulties. New treatment approaches are therefore urgently required. Zinc is an important trace element that is involved in regulating various enzymatic, metabolic, and cellular processes in the human body. Several studies have shown that abnormal zinc homeostasis can lead to the onset and progression of various diseases, including breast cancer. This review highlights the role played by zinc transporters in pathogenesis, apoptosis, signal transduction, and potential clinical applications in breast cancer. Additionally, the translation of the clinical applications of zinc and associated molecules in breast cancer, as well as the recent developments in the zinc-related drug targets for breast cancer treatment, is discussed. These developments offer novel insights into understanding the concepts and approaches that could be used for the diagnosis and management of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Yi Fang
- Correspondence: (J.W.); (Y.F.)
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6
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Qin X, Chen J, Jia G, Yang Z. Dietary Factors and Pancreatic Cancer Risk: An Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses of Prospective Observational Studies. Adv Nutr 2023; 14:451-464. [PMID: 36849084 DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2023.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary factors may be associated with the occurrence of pancreatic cancer. This umbrella review aimed to review and grade the evidence for the associations between dietary factors and pancreatic cancer risk. We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and CINAHL for eligible literature. We included meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or prospective observational studies. We used AMSTAR-2, a measurement tool to assess systematic reviews, to evaluate the methodological quality of the included meta-analyses. For each association, we calculated the summary effect size, 95% CI, heterogeneity, number of cases, 95% prediction interval, small-study effect, and excess significance bias. The protocol for this review was registered in the PROSPERO database (CRD42022333669). We included 41 meta-analyses of prospective observational studies describing 59 associations between dietary factors and pancreatic cancer risk. None of the retrieved meta-analyses included RCTs. No association was supported by convincing or highly suggestive evidence; however, there was suggestive evidence of a positive association between fructose intake and pancreatic cancer risk. There was weak evidence for an inverse association of nuts intake or adherence to the Mediterranean diet with pancreatic cancer incidence, and for positive associations between a higher intake of red meat or heavy alcohol intake and pancreatic cancer incidence. The remaining 54 associations were nonsignificant. Consistent with the American Institute for Cancer Research review, this umbrella review found that regular consumption of nuts and reduced intake of fructose, red meat, and alcohol were associated with a lower risk of pancreatic cancer. Emerging weak evidence supported an inverse association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and pancreatic cancer risk. As some associations were rated as weak and most were considered nonsignificant, further prospective studies are needed to investigate the role of dietary factors and risk of pancreatic cancer. Adv Nutr 2023;xx:xx-xx.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianpeng Qin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Guiqing Jia
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhou Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
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7
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Nakanishi K, Toyoshima M, Ichikawa G, Suzuki S. Zinc deficiency is associated with gynecologic cancer recurrence. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1025060. [PMID: 36505858 PMCID: PMC9729934 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1025060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc deficiency can cause various symptoms, including hair loss, anemia, and taste disorders. Recently, the association between cancer and zinc deficiency has received much attention with respect to its antioxidant properties. However, only a few studies have investigated the association between gynecologic cancers and zinc; to date, no studies have evaluated serum zinc status at the onset of gynecologic cancer or the relationship between zinc and cancer recurrence. The objectives of the present study were to determine whether serum zinc concentrations are associated with the development of gynecologic cancer, to clarify serum zinc dynamics between the onset and recurrence of gynecologic cancer, and to identify the associated factors. Accordingly, we retrospectively determined serum zinc concentrations before treatment in gynecologic patients with benign disease or cancer at the Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital. We investigated anemia and hypoalbuminemia-the most common causes of zinc deficiency-as indicators of hyponutrition to determine the causal relationship of this deficiency with chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and recurrence, which may affect zinc concentration during cancer recurrence. The results indicated that there was no difference in zinc concentration between preoperative cancer patients and noncancer patients and that serum zinc concentrations were not associated with developing gynecologic cancers. However, patients with gynecologic cancer exhibited significantly lower serum zinc concentrations following treatment, and patients with recurrent cancer were 4.8 times more likely to develop zinc deficiency than those with nonrecurrent cancer. A serum zinc concentration of <61 μg/dL was an independent predictor of recurrence. Once zinc deficiency occurred, the recurrence rate of zinc deficiency reached as high as 69%. Overall, our study indicates that zinc deficiency is associated with recurrence in gynecological cancers and physicians should monitor zinc levels during disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuho Nakanishi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital, Chiba, Japan,*Correspondence: Kazuho Nakanishi,
| | - Masafumi Toyoshima
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Go Ichikawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shunji Suzuki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
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8
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Liu T, Zou L, Ji X, Xiao G. Chicken skin-derived collagen peptides chelated zinc promotes zinc absorption and represses tumor growth and invasion in vivo by suppressing autophagy. Front Nutr 2022; 9:960926. [PMID: 35990359 PMCID: PMC9381994 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.960926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
To improve the utilization value of chicken by-products, we utilized the method of step-by-step hydrolysis with bromelain and flavourzyme to prepare low molecular weight chicken skin collagen peptides (CCP) (<5 kDa) and characterized the amino acids composition of the CCP. Then, we prepared novel CCP-chelated zinc (CCP–Zn) by chelating the CCP with ZnSO4. We found that the bioavailability of CCP–Zn is higher than ZnSO4. Besides, CCP, ZnSO4, or CCP–Zn effectively repressed the tumor growth, invasion, and migration in a Drosophila malignant tumor model. Moreover, the anti-tumor activity of CCP–Zn is higher than CCP or ZnSO4. Furthermore, the functional mechanism studies indicated that CCP, ZnSO4, or CCP–Zn inhibits tumor progression by reducing the autonomous and non-autonomous autophagy in tumor cells and the microenvironment. Therefore, this research provides in vivo evidence for utilizing chicken skin in the development of zinc supplements and cancer treatment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengfei Liu
- China Light Industry Key Laboratory of Meat Microbial Control and Utilization, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China.,School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Lifang Zou
- China Light Industry Key Laboratory of Meat Microbial Control and Utilization, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China.,School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaowen Ji
- China Light Industry Key Laboratory of Meat Microbial Control and Utilization, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China.,School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Guiran Xiao
- China Light Industry Key Laboratory of Meat Microbial Control and Utilization, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China.,School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
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9
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Li J, Cao D, Huang Y, Chen B, Chen Z, Wang R, Dong Q, Wei Q, Liu L. Zinc Intakes and Health Outcomes: An Umbrella Review. Front Nutr 2022; 9:798078. [PMID: 35211497 PMCID: PMC8861317 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.798078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
It is widely accepted that the zinc element is crucial in human beings. Zinc has gained more attention during the COVID-19 pandemic due to its utilization for the treatment and prevention of respiratory tract infections. However, some studies also pointed out that zinc intake might cause unwanted side effects and even be dangerous when overdosed. To reveal the relationship between zinc intake and health outcomes, we performed an umbrella review from human studies. In total, the umbrella review included 43 articles and identified 11 outcomes for dietary zinc intake and 86 outcomes for supplementary zinc intake. Dietary zinc intake in the highest dose would decrease the risk of overall and specific digestive tract cancers, depression, and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in adults. Supplementary zinc consumption in adults was linked to an improvement of depression, antioxidant capacity and sperm quality, higher serum zinc concentration, and lower concentration of inflammatory markers. Zinc supplementation in children would reduce the incidence of diarrhea and pneumonia, improve zinc deficiency and boost growth. However, zinc might not decrease all-cause mortality in adults or the in-hospital mortality of COVID-19. And better maternal and neonatal outcomes may not derive from pregnant women who consumed higher or lower doses of zinc supplementation (>20 mg/day and <20 mg/day, respectively). Dose-response analyses revealed that a daily 5 mg increment of zinc would lower the risk of colorectal and esophageal cancer, whereas a large dose of zinc supplementation (daily 100 mg) showed no benefit in reducing prostate cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Li
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dehong Cao
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yin Huang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zeyu Chen
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruyi Wang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Dong
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Wei
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Qiang Wei
| | - Liangren Liu
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Liangren Liu
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10
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Cereda G, Ciappolino V, Boscutti A, Cantù F, Enrico P, Oldani L, Delvecchio G, Brambilla P. Zinc as a Neuroprotective Nutrient for COVID-19-Related Neuropsychiatric Manifestations: A Literature Review. Adv Nutr 2021; 13:66-79. [PMID: 34634109 PMCID: PMC8524565 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmab110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The outbreak of the pandemic associated with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) led researchers to find new potential treatments, including nonpharmacological molecules such as zinc (Zn2+). Specifically, the use of Zn2+ as a therapy for SARS-CoV-2 infection is based on several findings: 1) the possible role of the anti-inflammatory activity of Zn2+ on the aberrant inflammatory response triggered by COronaVIrus Disease 19 (COVID-19), 2) properties of Zn2+ in modulating the competitive balance between the host and the invading pathogens, and 3) the antiviral activity of Zn2+ on a number of pathogens, including coronaviruses. Furthermore, Zn2+ has been found to play a central role in regulating brain functioning and many disorders have been associated with Zn2+ deficiency, including neurodegenerative diseases, psychiatric disorders, and brain injuries. Within this context, we carried out a narrative review to provide an overview of the evidence relating to the effects of Zn2+ on the immune and nervous systems, and the therapeutic use of such micronutrients in both neurological and infective disorders, with the final goal of elucidating the possible use of Zn2+ as a preventive or therapeutic intervention in COVID-19. Overall, the results from the available evidence showed that, owing to its neuroprotective properties, Zn2+ supplementation could be effective not only on COVID-19-related symptoms but also on virus replication, as well as on COVID-19-related inflammation and neurological damage. However, further clinical trials evaluating the efficacy of Zn2+ as a nonpharmacological treatment of COVID-19 are required to achieve an overall improvement in outcome and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido Cereda
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Ciappolino
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Boscutti
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Filippo Cantù
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Enrico
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Lucio Oldani
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Delvecchio
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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11
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Djamgoz MBA, Jentzsch V. Integrative Management of Pancreatic Cancer (PDAC): Emerging Complementary Agents and Modalities. Nutr Cancer 2021; 74:1139-1162. [PMID: 34085871 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2021.1934043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a devastating disease. The standard first-line treatment for PDAC is gemcitabine chemotherapy which, unfortunately, offers only limited chance of a lasting cure. This review further evaluates the hypothesis that the effectiveness of gemcitabine can be improved by combining it with evidence-based complementary measures. Previously, supported by clinical trial data, we suggested that a number of dietary factors and nutraceuticals can be integrated with gemcitabine therapy. Here, we evaluate a further 10 agents for which no clinical trials have (yet) been carried out but there are promising data from in vivo and/or in vitro studies including experiments involving combined treatments with gemcitabine. Two groups of complementary agents are considered: Dietary factors (resveratrol, epigallocatechin gallate, vitamin B9, capsaicin, quercetin and sulforaphane) and nutraceutical agents (artemisinin, garcinol, thymoquinone and emodin). In addition, we identified seven promising agents for which there is currently only basic (mostly in vitro) data. Finally, as a special case of combination therapy, we highlighted synergistic drug combinations involving gemcitabine with "repurposed" aspirin or metformin. We conclude overall that integrated management of PDAC currently is likely to produce the best outcome for patients and for this a wide range of complementary measures is available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa B A Djamgoz
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Biotechnology Research Centre, Cyprus International University, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Valerie Jentzsch
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Health Policy, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK
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12
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Sipra QUAR, Islam M, Riaz IB, Zhaohui J, Babiker HM, Bekaii-Saab TS, Sonbol MB. Contemporary Management of Pancreatic Cancer from an Internist Perspective. Am J Med 2021; 134:576-586. [PMID: 33316248 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2020.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Primary care physicians are in a favorable position to curb the growing burden of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. This review aims to provide an overview of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma from a primary care perspective, with a specific focus on risk factors, selection of high-risk individuals for screening, patient presentation at the primary-care clinic, and the role of the internist in supportive care. Overall, the internist is an essential member of the multidisciplinary care team with respect to optimizing patients' quality of life across various stages of the pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mahnoor Islam
- Dow Medical University, Karachi City, Sindh, Pakistan
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13
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McCarty MF, Assanga SI, Lujan LL. Age-adjusted mortality from pancreatic cancer increased NINE-FOLD in japan from 1950 to 1995 - Was a low-protein quasi-vegan diet a key factor in their former low risk? Med Hypotheses 2021; 149:110518. [PMID: 33582316 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2021.110518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
During the last half of the twentieth century, age-adjusted mortality from pancreatic cancer in Japan rose about nine-fold in both sexes. Well-characterized risk factors such as smoking, obesity/metabolic syndrome, and heavy alcohol use appear to explain only a modest part of this rise. It is proposed that a diet relatively low in protein, and particularly low in animal protein, was a key determinant of the low risk for pancreatic cancer in mid-century Japan. It is further proposed that pancreatic acinar cells, owing to their extraordinarily high rate of protein synthesis, are at high risk for ER stress; that such stress plays a fundamental role in the induction of most pancreatic cancers; and that low-protein diets help to offset such stress by modulating activities of the kinases GCN2 and mTORC1 while increasing autocrine and systemic production of fibroblast growth factor 21. This model appears to clarify the role of various risk factors and protective factors in pancreatic cancer induction. A vegan or quasi-vegan low-protein diet may have broader potential for decreasing risk for a range of common "Western" cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark F McCarty
- Catalytic Longevity Foundation, San Diego, CA, United States.
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14
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Zhang R, Zhao G, Shi H, Zhao X, Wang B, Dong P, Watari H, Pfeffer LM, Yue J. Zinc regulates primary ovarian tumor growth and metastasis through the epithelial to mesenchymal transition. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 160:775-783. [PMID: 32927017 PMCID: PMC7704937 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The trace element zinc plays an indispensable role in human health and diseases including cancer due to its antioxidant properties. While zinc supplements have been used for cancer prevention, zinc is also a risk factor for cancer development. It is still unclear how zinc plays a role in ovarian cancer. METHODS To understand how zinc contributes to ovarian tumor growth and metastasis, we examined whether zinc contributes to tumor metastasis by regulating epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) using ovarian cancer cells in vitro. Cell migration and invasion were examined using transwell plates and EMT markers were examined using Western blot. Primary ovarian tumor growth and metastasis were assessed using orthotopic ovarian cancer mouse models in vivo. RESULTS Zinc promoted EMT, while TPEN (N, N, N', N'-tetrakis-(2-pyridylmethyl)-ethylenediamine), a membrane-permeable selective zinc chelator, inhibited EMT in a dose dependent manner in ovarian cancer cells. Moreover, zinc promoted ovarian cancer cell migration and invasion, while TPEN inhibited cell migration and invasion. Zinc activated expression of the metal response transcriptional factor-1 (MTF-1), while TPEN inhibited MTF-1 expression in a dose dependent manner. Knockout of MTF-1 inhibited zinc-induced cell migration, invasion and augmented the inhibitory effect of TPEN on cell migration and invasion. Loss of MTF-1 attenuated zinc-induced ERK1/2 and AKT activation and augmented the effect of TPEN in attenuating the ERK1/2 and AKT pathways. TPEN effectively inhibited primary ovarian tumor growth and metastasis in an orthotopic ovarian cancer mouse model by suppressing EMT. CONCLUSION zinc contributes to ovarian tumor metastasis by promoting EMT through a MTF-1 dependent pathway. Zinc depletion by TPEN may be a novel approach for ovarian cancer therapy by inhibiting EMT and attenuating the ERK1/2 and AKT pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruitao Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA; Center for Cancer Research, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA.
| | - Guannan Zhao
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA; Center for Cancer Research, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA.
| | - Huirong Shi
- Department of Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
| | - Xinxin Zhao
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Third Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
| | - Baojin Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Third Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
| | - Peixin Dong
- Department of Gynecology, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Hidemichi Watari
- Department of Gynecology, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Lawrence M Pfeffer
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA; Center for Cancer Research, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA.
| | - Junming Yue
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA; Center for Cancer Research, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA.
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15
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Glaß M, Michl P, Hüttelmaier S. RNA Binding Proteins as Drivers and Therapeutic Target Candidates in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21114190. [PMID: 32545414 PMCID: PMC7312628 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21114190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDAC) belong to the most frequent and most deadly malignancies in the western world. Mutations in KRAS and TP53 along with some other frequent polymorphisms occur almost universally and are likely to be responsible for tumor initiation. However, these mutations cannot explain the heterogeneity in therapeutic responses observed in PDAC patients, which limits efficiency of current therapeutic strategies. Instead, recent classifications of PDAC tumor samples are based on transcriptomics data and thus include information about epigenetic, transcriptomic, and post-transcriptomic deregulations. RNA binding proteins (RBPs) are important post-transcriptional regulators involved in every aspect of the RNA life cycle and thus considerably influence the transcriptome. In this study, we systematically investigated deregulated expression, prognostic value, and essentiality reported for RBPs in PDAC or PDAC cancer models using publicly available data. We identified 44 RBPs with suggested oncogenic potential. These include various proteins, e.g., IGF2 mRNA binding proteins (IGF2BPs), with reported tumor-promoting roles. We further characterized these RBPs and found common patterns regarding their expression, interaction, and regulation by microRNAs. These analyses suggest four prime candidate oncogenic RBPs with partially validated target potential: APOBEC1, IGF2BP1 and 3, and OASL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Glaß
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Charles Tanford Protein Center, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 3a, 06120 Halle, Germany;
- Correspondence:
| | - Patrick Michl
- Universitätsklinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin I, Universitätsklinikum Halle (Saale), Ernst-Grube-Str. 40, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany;
| | - Stefan Hüttelmaier
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Charles Tanford Protein Center, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 3a, 06120 Halle, Germany;
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