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Hu YX, Qiu SL, Shang JJ, Wang Z, Lai XL. Pharmacological Effects of Botanical Drugs on Myocardial Metabolism in Chronic Heart Failure. Chin J Integr Med 2024; 30:458-467. [PMID: 37750985 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-023-3649-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Although there have been significant advances in the treatment of heart failure in recent years, chronic heart failure remains a leading cause of cardiovascular disease-related death. Many studies have found that targeted cardiac metabolic remodeling has good potential for the treatment of heart failure. However, most of the drugs that increase cardiac energy are still in the theoretical or testing stage. Some research has found that botanical drugs not only increase myocardial energy metabolism through multiple targets but also have the potential to restore the balance of myocardial substrate metabolism. In this review, we summarized the mechanisms by which botanical drugs (the active ingredients/formulas/Chinese patent medicines) improve substrate utilization and promote myocardial energy metabolism by activating AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) and other related targets. At the same time, some potential protective effects of botanical drugs on myocardium, such as alleviating oxidative stress and dysbiosis signaling, caused by metabolic disorders, were briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Xuan Hu
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100010, China
| | - Sheng-Lei Qiu
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100010, China
| | - Ju-Ju Shang
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100010, China.
| | - Zi Wang
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100010, China
| | - Xiao-Lei Lai
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100010, China
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2
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Chen C, Wang J, Zhu X, Hu J, Liu C, Liu L. Energy metabolism and redox balance: How phytochemicals influence heart failure treatment. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 171:116136. [PMID: 38215694 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Heart Failure (HF) epitomizes a formidable global health quandary characterized by marked morbidity and mortality. It has been established that severe derangements in energy metabolism are central to the pathogenesis of HF, culminating in an inadequate cardiac energy milieu, which, in turn, precipitates cardiac pump dysfunction and systemic energy metabolic failure, thereby steering the trajectory and potential recuperation of HF. The conventional therapeutic paradigms for HF predominantly target amelioration of heart rate, and cardiac preload and afterload, proffering symptomatic palliation or decelerating the disease progression. However, the realm of therapeutics targeting the cardiac energy metabolism remains largely uncharted. This review delineates the quintessential characteristics of cardiac energy metabolism in healthy hearts, and the metabolic aberrations observed during HF, alongside the associated metabolic pathways and targets. Furthermore, we delve into the potential of phytochemicals in rectifying the redox disequilibrium and the perturbations in energy metabolism observed in HF. Through an exhaustive analysis of recent advancements, we underscore the promise of phytochemicals in modulating these pathways, thereby unfurling a novel vista on HF therapeutics. Given their potential in orchestrating cardiac energy metabolism, phytochemicals are emerging as a burgeoning frontier for HF treatment. The review accentuates the imperative for deeper exploration into how these phytochemicals specifically intervene in cardiac energy metabolism, and the subsequent translation of these findings into clinical applications, thereby broadening the horizon for HF treatment modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Chen
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing 100053, China.
| | - Xueying Zhu
- Department of Anatomy, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Jun Hu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Lanchun Liu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
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3
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Packer M. Qiliqiangxin: A multifaceted holistic treatment for heart failure or a pharmacological probe for the identification of cardioprotective mechanisms? Eur J Heart Fail 2023; 25:2130-2143. [PMID: 37877337 DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.3068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The active ingredients in many traditional Chinese medicines are isoprene oligomers with a diterpenoid or triterpenoid structure, which exert cardiovascular effects by signalling through nutrient surplus and nutrient deprivation pathways. Qiliqiangxin (QLQX) is a commercial formulation of 11 different plant ingredients, whose active compounds include astragaloside IV, tanshione IIA, ginsenosides (Rb1, Rg1 and Re) and periplocymarin. In the QUEST trial, QLQX reduced the combined risk of cardiovascular death or heart failure hospitalization (hazard ratio 0.78, 95% confidence interval 0.68-0.90), based on 859 events in 3119 patients over a median of 18.2 months; the benefits were seen in patients taking foundational drugs except for sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors. Numerous experimental studies of QLQX in diverse cardiac injuries have yielded highly consistent findings. In marked abrupt cardiac injury, QLQX mitigated cardiac injury by upregulating nutrient surplus signalling through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR/HIF-1α/NRF2 pathway; the benefits of QLQX were abrogated by suppression of PI3K, Akt, mTOR, HIF-1α or NRF2. In contrast, in prolonged measured cardiac stress (as in chronic heart failure), QLQX ameliorated oxidative stress, maladaptive hypertrophy, cardiomyocyte apoptosis, and proinflammatory and profibrotic pathways, while enhancing mitochondrial health and promoting glucose and fatty acid oxidation and ATP production. These effects are achieved by an action of QLQX to upregulate nutrient deprivation signalling through SIRT1/AMPK/PGC-1α and enhanced autophagic flux. In particular, QLQX appears to enhance the interaction of PGC-1α with PPARα, possibly by direct binding to RXRα; silencing of SIRT1, PGC-1α and RXRα abrogated the favourable effects of QLQX in the heart. Since PGC-1α/RXRα is also a downstream effector of Akt/mTOR signalling, the actions of QLQX on PGC-1α/RXRα may explain its favourable effects in both acute and chronic stress. Intriguingly, the individual ingredients in QLQX - astragaloside IV, ginsenosides, and tanshione IIA - share QLQX's effects on PGC-1α/RXRα/PPARα signalling. QXQL also contains periplocymarin, a cardiac glycoside that inhibits Na+ -K+ -ATPase. Taken collectively, these observations support a conceptual framework for understanding the mechanism of action for QLQX in heart failure. The high likelihood of overlap in the mechanism of action of QLQX and SGLT2 inhibitors requires additional experimental studies and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milton Packer
- Baylor Heart and Vascular Institute, Dallas, TX, USA
- Imperial College, London, UK
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Liu X, Xu X, Zhang T, Xu L, Tao H, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Meng X. Fatty acid metabolism disorders and potential therapeutic traditional Chinese medicines in cardiovascular diseases. Phytother Res 2023; 37:4976-4998. [PMID: 37533230 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are currently the primary cause of mortality in the whole world. Growing evidence indicated that the disturbances in cardiac fatty acid metabolism are crucial contributors in the development of cardiovascular diseases. The abnormal cardiac fatty acid metabolism usually leads to energy deficit, oxidative stress, excessive apoptosis, and inflammation. Targeting fatty acid metabolism has been regarded as a novel approach to the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. However, there are currently no specific drugs that regulate fatty acid metabolism to treat cardiovascular diseases. Many traditional Chinese medicines have been widely used to treat cardiovascular diseases in clinics. And modern studies have shown that they exert a cardioprotective effect by regulating the expression of key proteins involved in fatty acid metabolism, such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α and carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1. Hence, we systematically reviewed the relationship between fatty acid metabolism disorders and four types of cardiovascular diseases including heart failure, coronary artery disease, cardiac hypertrophy, and diabetic cardiomyopathy. In addition, 18 extracts and eight monomer components from traditional Chinese medicines showed cardioprotective effects by restoring cardiac fatty acid metabolism. This work aims to provide a reference for the finding of novel cardioprotective agents targeting fatty acid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianfeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinmei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Honglin Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Liu
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Zhang
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianli Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- Meishan Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Meishan, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
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Wan J, Zhang Z, Wu C, Tian S, Zang Y, Jin G, Sun Q, Wang P, Luan X, Yang Y, Zhan X, Ye LL, Duan DD, Liu X, Zhang W. Astragaloside IV derivative HHQ16 ameliorates infarction-induced hypertrophy and heart failure through degradation of lncRNA4012/9456. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:414. [PMID: 37857609 PMCID: PMC10587311 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01660-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Reversing ventricular remodeling represents a promising treatment for the post-myocardial infarction (MI) heart failure (HF). Here, we report a novel small molecule HHQ16, an optimized derivative of astragaloside IV, which effectively reversed infarction-induced myocardial remodeling and improved cardiac function by directly acting on the cardiomyocyte to reverse hypertrophy. The effect of HHQ16 was associated with a strong inhibition of a newly discovered Egr2-affiliated transcript lnc9456 in the heart. While minimally expressed in normal mouse heart, lnc9456 was dramatically upregulated in the heart subjected to left anterior descending coronary artery ligation (LADL) and in cardiomyocytes subjected to hypertrophic stimulation. The critical role of lnc9456 in cardiomyocyte hypertrophy was confirmed by specific overexpression and knockout in vitro. A physical interaction between lnc9456 and G3BP2 increased NF-κB nuclear translocation, triggering hypertrophy-related cascades. HHQ16 physically bound to lnc9456 with a high-affinity and induced its degradation. Cardiomyocyte-specific lnc9456 overexpression induced, but knockout prevented LADL-induced, cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction. HHQ16 reversed the effect of lnc9456 overexpression while lost its protective role when lnc9456 was deleted, further confirming lnc9456 as the bona fide target of HHQ16. We further identified the human ortholog of lnc9456, also an Egr2-affiliated transcript, lnc4012. Similarly, lnc4012 was significantly upregulated in hypertrophied failing hearts of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. HHQ16 also specifically bound to lnc4012 and caused its degradation and antagonized its hypertrophic effects. Targeted degradation of pathological increased lnc4012/lnc9456 by small molecules might serve as a novel promising strategy to regress infarction-induced cardiac hypertrophy and HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Wan
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Chennan Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Saisai Tian
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Yibei Zang
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Ge Jin
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Qingyan Sun
- China Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Pin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology and Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Xin Luan
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Yili Yang
- China Regional Research Centre, International Centre of Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology, Taizhou, PR China
| | - Xuelin Zhan
- China Regional Research Centre, International Centre of Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology, Taizhou, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Lingyu Linda Ye
- Center for Phenomics of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, PR China
| | - Dayue Darrel Duan
- Center for Phenomics of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, PR China.
- Key Laboratory of Autoimmune Diseases and Precision Medicine, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, PR China.
| | - Xia Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, PR China.
| | - Weidong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, PR China.
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China.
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Zhang Z, Zhang M, Xu Y, Lu M, Zhang L, Li C. Effect of Astragaloside IV on improving cardiac function in rats with heart failure: a preclinical systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1226008. [PMID: 37854719 PMCID: PMC10579795 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1226008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Astragaloside IV (ASIV) is the primary pharmacologically active compound found in Astragalus propinquus Schischkin, which has potential protective effects on cardiac function. However, there are almost no systematic evaluations of ASIV for the treatment of heart failure (HF). Methods: Preclinical studies published before 27 December 2022, were retrieved from PubMed, Web of Science, MEDLINE, SinoMed, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), VIP information database, and Wanfang Data information site. The quality of included research was evaluated using SYRCLE's RoB tool. Review Manager 5.4.1 was used to perform meta-analyses of the cardiac function parameters and other indicators. Regression analysis was conducted to observe the dose-efficacy relationship. Results: Nineteen studies involving 489 animals were included. Results indicated that compared with the control group, ASIV could enhance cardiac function indicators, including left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS), left ventricular pressure change rate (±dp/dtmax), left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP), left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP), heart weight/body weight (HW/BW) and left ventricular weight/body weight (LVW/BW). Furthermore, the regression analysis showed that the treatment of HF with ASIV was dose-dependent. Conclusion: Findings suggest that ASIV can inhibit cardiac hypertrophy by reducing cardiac preload and afterload, thereby protecting cardiac function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Zhang
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Muxin Zhang
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yongkai Xu
- Department of Peripheral Vascular Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Mengkai Lu
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Chao Li
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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7
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Li Q, Zhang S, Yang G, Wang X, Liu F, Li Y, Chen Y, Zhou T, Xie D, Liu Y, Zhang L. Energy metabolism: A critical target of cardiovascular injury. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115271. [PMID: 37544284 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the main killers threatening human health. Many studies have shown that abnormal energy metabolism plays a key role in the occurrence and development of acute and chronic cardiovascular diseases. Regulating cardiac energy metabolism is a frontier topic in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. However, we are not very clear about the choice of different substrates, the specific mechanism of energy metabolism participating in the course of cardiovascular disease, and how to develop appropriate drugs to regulate energy metabolism to treat cardiovascular disease. Therefore, this paper reviews how energy metabolism participates in cardiovascular pathophysiological processes and potential drugs aimed at interfering energy metabolism.It is expected to provide good suggestions for promoting the clinical prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases from the perspective of energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyang Li
- Provincial-Level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and the Prevention and Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and Universities, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shangzu Zhang
- Provincial-Level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and the Prevention and Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and Universities, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Gengqiang Yang
- Provincial-Level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and the Prevention and Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and Universities, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Provincial-Level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and the Prevention and Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and Universities, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Fuxian Liu
- Provincial-Level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and the Prevention and Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and Universities, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yangyang Li
- Provincial-Level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and the Prevention and Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and Universities, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Provincial-Level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and the Prevention and Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and Universities, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ting Zhou
- Provincial-Level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and the Prevention and Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and Universities, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Dingxiong Xie
- Gansu Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, LanZhou, China.
| | - Yongqi Liu
- Provincial-Level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and the Prevention and Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and Universities, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Dunhuang Medicine and Transformation Ministry of Education, China.
| | - Liying Zhang
- Provincial-Level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and the Prevention and Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and Universities, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China; Gansu Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, LanZhou, China.
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8
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Li XX, Li D, Cui XY, Zhou K, Liu J, Lu JJ, Wu Y, Lin Q, Li Y. Astragaloside IV for Heart Failure: Preclinical Evidence and Possible Mechanisms, A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Chin J Integr Med 2023:10.1007/s11655-023-3636-x. [PMID: 37221412 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-023-3636-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the cardioprotective effects of astragaloside IV (AS-IV) in heart failure (HF). METHODS PubMed, Excerpta Medica Database (EMBASE), Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Wanfang Database, Chinese Bio-medical Literature and Retrieval System (SinoMed), China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP), and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) were searched from inception to November 1, 2021 for animal experiments to explore AS-IV in treating HF in rats or mice. The left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS), left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (LVEDD), left ventricular end-systolic dimension (LVESD), left ventricular weight-to-body weight (LVW/BW) and B-type brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) were recorded. The qualities of included studies were assessed by the risk of bias according to the Cochrane handbook. Meta-analysis was performed using Stata 13.0. RESULTS Twenty-one articles involving 558 animals were considered. Compared with the control group, AS-IV improved cardiac function, specifically by increasing LVEF (mean difference (MD)=6.97, 95% confidence interval (CI)=5.92 to 8.03, P<0.05; fixed effects model) and LVFS (MD=7.01, 95% CI=5.84 to 8.81, P<0.05; fixed effects model), and decreasing LVEDD (MD=-4.24, 95% CI=-4.74 to -3.76, P<0.05; random effects model) and LVESD (MD=-4.18, 95% CI=-5.26 to -3.10, P<0.05; fixed effects model). In addition, the BNP and LVW/BW levels were decreased in the AS-IV treatment group (MD=-9.18, 95% CI=-14.13 to -4.22, P<0.05; random effects model; MD=-1.91, 95% CI=-2.42 to -1.39, P<0.05; random effects model). CONCLUSIONS AS-IV is a promising therapeutic agent for HF. However, this conclusion needs to be clinically validated in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Xing Li
- Department of Cardiology, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100078, China
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Cardiology, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100078, China
| | - Xiao-Yun Cui
- Department of Cardiology, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100078, China
| | - Kun Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100078, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100078, China
| | - Jin-Jin Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100078, China
| | - Yang Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100078, China
| | - Qian Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Cardiology, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100078, China.
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9
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Yang C, Pan Q, Ji K, Tian Z, Zhou H, Li S, Luo C, Li J. Review on the protective mechanism of astragaloside IV against cardiovascular diseases. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1187910. [PMID: 37251311 PMCID: PMC10213926 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1187910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is a global health problem. Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) is a saponin compound extracted from the roots of the Chinese herb Astragalus. Over the past few decades, AS-IV has been shown to possess various pharmacological properties. It can protect the myocardium through antioxidative stress, anti-inflammatory effects, regulation of calcium homeostasis, improvement of myocardial energy metabolism, anti-apoptosis, anti-cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, anti-myocardial fibrosis, regulation of myocardial autophagy, and improvement of myocardial microcirculation. AS-IV exerts protective effects on blood vessels. For example, it can protect vascular endothelial cells through antioxidative stress and anti-inflammatory pathways, relax blood vessels, stabilize atherosclerotic plaques, and inhibit the proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells. Thus, the bioavailability of AS-IV is low. Toxicology indicates that AS-IV is safe, but should be used cautiously in pregnant women. In this paper, we review the mechanisms of AS-IV prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases in recent years to provide a reference for future research and drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunkun Yang
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qingquan Pan
- Department of Emergency, Weifang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Weifang, China
| | - Kui Ji
- Department of Emergency, Weifang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Weifang, China
| | - Zhuang Tian
- Department of Emergency, Weifang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Weifang, China
| | - Hongyuan Zhou
- Department of Emergency, Weifang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Weifang, China
| | - Shuanghong Li
- Department of Emergency, Weifang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Weifang, China
| | - Chuanchao Luo
- Department of Emergency, Weifang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Weifang, China
| | - Jun Li
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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10
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Li X, Li Z, Dong X, Wu Y, Li B, Kuang B, Chen G, Zhang L. Astragaloside IV attenuates myocardial dysfunction in diabetic cardiomyopathy rats through downregulation of CD36-mediated ferroptosis. Phytother Res 2023. [PMID: 36882189 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM), one of the major complications of type 2 diabetes, is a leading cause of heart failure and death in advanced diabetes. Although there is an association between DCM and ferroptosis in cardiomyocytes, the internal mechanism of ferroptosis leading to DCM development remains unknown. CD36 is a key molecule in lipid metabolism that mediates ferroptosis. Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) confers various pharmacological effects such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory. In this study, we demonstrated that AS-IV was able to recover the dysfunction of DCM. In vivo experiments showed that AS-IV ameliorated myocardial injury and improved contractile function, attenuated lipid deposition, and decreased the expression level of CD36 and ferroptosis-related factors in DCM rats. In vitro experiments showed that AS-IV decreased CD36 expression and inhibited lipid accumulation and ferroptosis in PA-induced cardiomyocytes. The results demonstrated that AS-IV decreased cardiomyocyte injury and myocardial dysfunction by inhibiting ferroptosis mediated by CD36 in DCM rats. Therefore, AS-IV regulated the lipid metabolism of cardiomyocytes and inhibited cellular ferroptosis, which may have potential clinical value in DCM treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziwei Li
- Baiyun Hospital of The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Dong
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Wu
- Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baohua Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Kuang
- Dongguan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dongguan, China
| | - Gangyi Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liangyou Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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11
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Li M, Han B, Zhao H, Xu C, Xu D, Sieniawska E, Lin X, Kai G. Biological active ingredients of Astragali Radix and its mechanisms in treating cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 98:153918. [PMID: 35104756 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the rising age of the global population, the incidence rate of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases (CCVDs) is increasing, which causes serious public health burden. The efforts for new therapeutic approaches are still being sought since the treatment effects of existing therapies are not quite satisfactory. Chinese traditional medicine proved to be very efficient in the treatment of CCVDs. Well described and established in Chinese medicine, Astragali Radix, has been commonly administered in the prophylaxis and cure of CCVDs for thousands of years. PURPOSE This review summarized the action mode and mechanisms of Astragali Radix phytochemicals on CCVDs, hoping to provide valuable information for the future application, development and improvement of Astragali Radix as well as CCVDs treatment. METHODS A plenty of literature on biological active ingredients of Astragali Radix used for CCVDs treatment were retrieved from online electronic PubMed and Web of Science databases. RESULTS This review highlighted the effects of five main active components in Astragali Radix including astragaloside Ⅳ, cycloastragenol, astragalus polysaccharide, calycosin-7-O-β-d-glucoside, and calycosin on CCVDs. The mechanisms mainly involved anti-oxidative damage, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic through signaling pathways such as PI3K/Akt, Nrf2/HO-1, and TLR4/NF-κB pathway. In addition, the majority active constituents in AR have no obvious toxic side effects. CONCLUSION The main active components of Astragali Radix, especially AS-IV, have been extensively summarized. It has been proved that Astragali Radix has obvious therapeutic effects on various CCVDs, including myocardial and cerebral ischemia, hypertension, atherosclerosis, cardiac hypertrophy, chronic heart failure. CAG possesses anti-ischemia activity without toxicity, indicating a worthy of further development. However, high-quality clinical and pharmacokinetic studies are required to validate the current studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Li
- Laboratory for Core Technology of TCM Quality Improvement and Transformation, The Third Affiliated Hospital, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China
| | - Bing Han
- Laboratory for Core Technology of TCM Quality Improvement and Transformation, The Third Affiliated Hospital, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China
| | - Huan Zhao
- Laboratory for Core Technology of TCM Quality Improvement and Transformation, The Third Affiliated Hospital, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China
| | - Chongyi Xu
- Wenling Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, 317500, China
| | - Daokun Xu
- Wenling Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, 317500, China
| | - Elwira Sieniawska
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Xianming Lin
- Laboratory for Core Technology of TCM Quality Improvement and Transformation, The Third Affiliated Hospital, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China.
| | - Guoyin Kai
- Laboratory for Core Technology of TCM Quality Improvement and Transformation, The Third Affiliated Hospital, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China.
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12
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Wang Q, Chen W, Yang X, Song Y, Sun X, Tao G, Wang H, Zhao N, Huang Y, Chai E, Tang F. Inhibition of miRNA-1-Mediated Inflammation and Autophagy by Astragaloside IV Improves Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Cardiac Dysfunction in Rats. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:2617-2629. [PMID: 35494314 PMCID: PMC9045596 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s362368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) is one of the main active components isolated from the traditional Chinese medicinal herb, Astragalus membranaceus. The present study was designed to investigate whether the regulation of microRNA-1 (miR-1)-mediated inflammation and autophagy contributes to the protective effect of AS-IV against cardiac dysfunction in rats treated with lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Methods Animal model of cardiac dysfunction in rats or cellular model of injured H9c2 heart cell line was established by using LPS. Echocardiography, electron microscopy, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunofluorescence, quantitative RT-PCR, and Western blotting were used to determine the cardiac function and expression of inflammation- and autophagy-related proteins at both the mRNA and protein levels. Results LPS caused cardiac dysfunction in rats or injury in H9c2 cells and induced inflammation and autophagy. Compared with LPS treatment, AS-IV treatment attenuated cardiac dysfunction or cell injury, accompanied by inhibition of inflammation and autophagy. However, the miR-1 mimics partly abolished the effects of AS-IV. In addition, the effect of the miR-1 inhibitor was similar to that of AS-IV in the LPS model. Further analyses showed that AS-IV treatment decreased the mRNA expression of miR-1 in the heart tissue of rats and H9c2 cells treated with LPS. Conclusion These results suggest that AS-IV attenuated cardiac dysfunction caused by LPS by inhibiting miR-1-mediated inflammation and autophagy, thereby providing a novel mechanism for the protection against cardiac diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuning Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weiying Chen
- Department of Drug Quality Analysis, Jiuquan Drug Inspection and Testing Center, Jiuquan, Gansu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuefeng Yang
- Department of Physiology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Song
- Cardiovascular Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaowei Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, China Resources Liaojian Group, General Hospital of Fuxin Mining Group (10th Clinical College of China Medical University), Fuxin, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guizhou Tao
- Internal Medicine-Cardiovascular Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong Wang
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Nan Zhao
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yue Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Erqing Chai
- Neurointerventional Department, Emergency General Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Erqing Chai, Neurointerventional Department, Emergency General Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China, Email
| | - Futian Tang
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease and Key Laboratory of Digestive System Tumor of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Futian Tang, Department of Cardiovascular Disease and Key Laboratory of Digestive System Tumor of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, People’s Republic of China, Email
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13
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Wang A, Zhao W, Yan K, Huang P, Zhang H, Zhang Z, Zhang D, Ma X. Mechanisms and Efficacy of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Heart Failure. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:810587. [PMID: 35281941 PMCID: PMC8908244 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.810587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is one of the main public health problems at present. Although some breakthroughs have been made in the treatment of HF, the mortality rate remains very high. However, we should also pay attention to improving the quality of life of patients with HF. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has a long history of being used to treat HF. To demonstrate the clinical effects and mechanisms of TCM, we searched published clinical trial studies and basic studies. The search results showed that adjuvant therapy with TCM might benefit patients with HF, and its mechanism may be related to microvascular circulation, myocardial energy metabolism, oxidative stress, and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anzhu Wang
- Graduate School, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, China
| | - Kaituo Yan
- Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, China
| | - Pingping Huang
- Graduate School, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- Graduate School, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhibo Zhang
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Xiyuan Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Dawu Zhang
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaochang Ma
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Beijing, China
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14
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He Y, Huang W, Zhang C, Chen L, Xu R, Li N, Wang F, Han L, Yang M, Zhang D. Energy metabolism disorders and potential therapeutic drugs in heart failure. Acta Pharm Sin B 2021; 11:1098-1116. [PMID: 34094822 PMCID: PMC8144890 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2020.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a global public health problem with high morbidity and mortality. A large number of studies have shown that HF is caused by severe energy metabolism disorders, which result in an insufficient heart energy supply. This deficiency causes cardiac pump dysfunction and systemic energy metabolism failure, which determine the development of HF and recovery of heart. Current HF therapy acts by reducing heart rate and cardiac preload and afterload, treating the HF symptomatically or delaying development of the disease. Drugs aimed at cardiac energy metabolism have not yet been developed. In this review, we outline the main characteristics of cardiac energy metabolism in healthy hearts, changes in metabolism during HF, and related pathways and targets of energy metabolism. Finally, we discuss drugs that improve cardiac function via energy metabolism to provide new research ideas for the development and application of drugs for treating HF.
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15
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Wang Q, Yang X, Song Y, Sun X, Li W, Zhang L, Hu X, Wang H, Zhao N, Zhuang R, Xie X, Tang F, Wang H. Astragaloside IV-targeting miRNA-1 attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced cardiac dysfunction in rats through inhibition of apoptosis and autophagy. Life Sci 2021; 275:119414. [PMID: 33774032 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Astragaloside IV (AS-IV), the major active constituent purified from Astragalus membranaceus, was previously reported to have protective effects against cardiac dysfunction. However, the underlying mechanism remains unknown. In the present study, we investigated the protective effect of AS-IV on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cardiac dysfunction and explored the potential mechanism by focusing on miRNA-1 (miR-1) at the animal and cellular levels. A series of methods were used, including echocardiography, flow cytometry, ELISA, immunofluorescence, transmission electron microscopy, RT-PCR, and western blotting. The results showed that both AS-IV and the miR-1 inhibitor improved cardiac dysfunction, reduced heart injury, inhibited apoptosis and autophagy, and regulated the expression of calcium- and mitochondrial energy metabolism-related proteins in the heart tissue of rats treated with LPS. Importantly, AS-IV downregulated the expression of miR-1 mRNA in heart tissue. All effects of AS-IV were at least partly abolished by miR-1 mimics. In the in vitro study, both AS-IV and the miR-1 inhibitor inhibited apoptosis and autophagy and regulated the expression of calcium- and mitochondrial energy metabolism-related proteins in heart cells treated with LPS. Similarly, AS-IV downregulated the expression of miR-1 mRNA in heart cells. All effects of AS-IV on cells were at least partly abolished by miR-1 mimics. Furthermore, miR-1 mimics exhibited effects similar to LPS both in animal and cellular studies. Taken together, these results suggest that AS-IV protects against LPS-induced cardiac dysfunction by inhibiting calcium-mediated apoptosis and autophagy by targeting miR-1, highlighting a new mechanism for the therapeutic effect of AS-IV on cardiac dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuning Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, Liaoning, China
| | - Xuefeng Yang
- Department of Physiology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, Liaoning, China
| | - Ying Song
- Cardiovascular Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaowei Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, China Resources Liaojian Group, General Hospital of Fuxin Mining Group (10th Clinical College of China Medical University), Fuxin, 123000, Liaoning, China
| | - Wentao Li
- Jinzhou Inspection and Testing Certification Center, Jinzhou, 121001, Liaoning, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, Liaoning, China
| | - Xueling Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, Liaoning, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, Liaoning, China
| | - Nan Zhao
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, Liaoning, China
| | - Ruming Zhuang
- Department of Pharmacology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, Liaoning, China
| | - Xinling Xie
- Department of Pharmacology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, Liaoning, China
| | - Futian Tang
- Key Laboratory of Digestive System Tumor of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, China.
| | - Hongxin Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, Liaoning, China.
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16
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Sui YB, Zhang KK, Ren YK, Liu L, Liu Y. The role of Nrf2 in astragaloside IV-mediated antioxidative protection on heart failure. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2020; 58:1192-1198. [PMID: 33253607 PMCID: PMC7717863 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2020.1849319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Heart failure is one of the most serious diseases worldwide. Astragaloside IV (ASI) is widely used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. OBJECTIVE To elucidate the antioxidative mechanism of ASI in a rat model of left coronary artery ligation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Left coronary artery of Sprague-Dawley rats was ligated to establish the model of heart failure, and then vehicle (saline) or ASI (1 mg/kg/day) was orally administered to the rats (n = 15) for 6 weeks. Echocardiography was used to evaluate the cardiac function. Myocardial infarct size was measured by triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining. Oxidative stress in the ventricular myocardium was determined. Molecular mechanisms were investigated by Western blot and chromatin immunoprecipitation. RESULTS ASI improved the cardiac function, especially ejection fraction (75.27 ± 5.75% vs. 36.26 ± 4.14%) and fractional shortening (45.39 ± 3.66% vs. 17.88 ± 1.32%), and reduced the infarct size of left ventricle (20.69 ± 2.98% vs. 39.11 ± 3.97%). ASI maintained the levels of glutathione, catalase and superoxide dismutase and prevented the leakage of creatine kinase. In addition, ASI induced the protein expression of Nrf2 (1.97-fold) and HO-1 (2.79-fold), while reduced that of Keap-1 (0.77-fold) in the ventricular myocardium. In H9c2 cells, a rat cardiomyocyte cell line, ASI induced the translocation of Nrf2 from cytoplasm to nucleus, followed by transcriptional activation of NQO-1 (8.27-fold), SOD-2 (3.27-fold) and Txn-1 (9.83-fold) genes. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS ASI prevented heart failure by counteracting oxidative stress through the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Application in clinical practice warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Bo Sui
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Kui-Kui Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Yu-kun Ren
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Scientific Research Management, First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
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17
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Tan YQ, Chen HW, Li J. Astragaloside IV: An Effective Drug for the Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases. Drug Des Devel Ther 2020; 14:3731-3746. [PMID: 32982178 PMCID: PMC7507407 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s272355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD), the number one cause of death worldwide, has always been the focus of clinical and scientific research. Due to the high number of deaths each year, it is essential to find alternative therapies that are safe and effective with minimal side effects. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has a long history of significant impact on the treatment of CVDs. The mode of action of natural active ingredients of drugs and the development of new drugs are currently hot topics in research on TCM. Astragalus membranaceus is a commonly used Chinese medicinal herb. Previous studies have shown that Astragalus membranaceus has anti-tumor properties and can regulate metabolism, enhance immunity, and strengthen the heart. Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) is the active ingredient of Astragalus membranaceus, which has a prominent role in cardiovascular diseases. AS-IV can protect against ischemic and hypoxic myocardial cell injury, inhibit myocardial hypertrophy and myocardial fibrosis, enhance myocardial contractility, improve diastolic dysfunction, alleviate vascular endothelial dysfunction, and promote angiogenesis. It can also regulate blood glucose and blood lipid levels and reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases. In this paper, the mechanism of AS-IV intervention in cardiovascular diseases in recent years is reviewed in order to provide a reference for future research and new drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Qing Tan
- Department of Cardiology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing100053, People’s Republic of China
- Graduate School of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing100029, People’s Republic of China
| | - Heng-Wen Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing100053, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Cardiology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing100053, People’s Republic of China
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18
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Cheng W, Wang L, Yang T, Wu A, Wang B, Li T, Lu Z, Yang J, Li Y, Jiang Y, Wu X, Meng H, Zhao M. Qiliqiangxin Capsules Optimize Cardiac Metabolism Flexibility in Rats With Heart Failure After Myocardial Infarction. Front Physiol 2020; 11:805. [PMID: 32848816 PMCID: PMC7396640 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic modulation is a promising therapy for ischemic heart disease and heart failure. This study aimed to clarify the regional modulatory effect of Qiliqiangxin capsules (QLQX), a traditional Chinese medicine, on cardiac metabolic phenotypes. Sprague-Dawley rats underwent left anterior descending coronary artery ligation and were treated with QLQX and enalapril. Striking global left ventricular dysfunction and left ventricular remodeling were significantly improved by QLQX. In addition to the posterior wall, QLQX also had a unique beneficial effect on the anterior wall subject to a severe oxygen deficit. Cardiac tissues in the border and remote areas were separated for detection. QLQX enhanced the cardiac 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake and the levels and translocation of glucose transport 4 (GLUT4) in the border area. Meanwhile, it also suppressed glucose transport 1 (GLUT1) in both areas, indicating that QLQX encouraged border myocytes to use more glucose in a GLUT4-dependent manner. It was inferred that QLQX promoted a shift from glucose oxidation to anaerobic glycolysis in the border area by the augmentation of phosphorylated pyruvate dehydrogenase, pyruvate dehydrogenase kinases 4, and lactic dehydrogenase A. QLQX also upregulated the protein expression of fatty acid translocase and carnitine palmitoyl transferase-1 in the remote area to possibly normalize fatty acid (FA) uptake and oxidation similar to that in healthy hearts. QLQX protected global viable cardiomyocytes and promoted metabolic flexibility by modulating metabolic proteins regionally, indicating its potential for driving the border myocardium into an anaerobic glycolytic pathway against hypoxia injuries and urging the remote myocardium to oxidize FA to maximize energy production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenkun Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Aiming Wu
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Baofu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Tong Li
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ziwen Lu
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jingjing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Li
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yangyang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Meng
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Mingjing Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Wang Y, Fu M, Wang J, Zhang J, Han X, Song Y, Fan Y, Hu K, Zhou J, Ge J. Qiliqiangxin Improves Cardiac Function through Regulating Energy Metabolism via HIF-1 α-Dependent and Independent Mechanisms in Heart Failure Rats after Acute Myocardial Infarction. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:1276195. [PMID: 32626732 PMCID: PMC7306086 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1276195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The present study is aimed at investigating whether Qiliqiangxin (QL) could regulate myocardial energy metabolism in heart failure rats after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and further exploring the underlying mechanisms. AMI was established by ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery in adult male SD rats. AMI rats with ejection fraction (EF) < 50% at two weeks after the operation were chosen as heart failure rats for the main study. Rats were randomized into the sham, MI, MI+QL, and MI+QL+2-MeOE2 groups. The results showed that compared with the MI group, QL significantly improved cardiac function, reduced serum NT-proBNP level, and alleviated myocardial fibrosis. QL also increased myocardial capillary density by upregulated protein expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and CD31 by regulating the HIF-1α/VEGF pathway. Moreover, QL promoted ATP production, glucose uptake, and glycolysis by upregulating HIF-1α and a series of glycolysis-relevant enzymes in a HIF-1α-dependent manner. QL also improved myocardial glucose oxidation enzyme expression and free fatty acid uptake by a HIF-1α-independent pathway. Our results indicate that QL treatment improves cardiac function through regulating glucose uptake, FFA uptake, and key enzymes of energy metabolism via HIF-1α-dependent and independent mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingqiang Fu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingfeng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Zoucheng Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Xueting Han
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Song
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuyuan Fan
- North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Kai Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingmin Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junbo Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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20
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An updated role of astragaloside IV in heart failure. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 126:110012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Yang J, Li K, He D, Gu J, Xu J, Xie J, Zhang M, Liu Y, Tan Q, Zhang J. Toward a better understanding of metabolic and pharmacokinetic characteristics of low-solubility, low-permeability natural medicines. Drug Metab Rev 2020; 52:19-43. [PMID: 31984816 DOI: 10.1080/03602532.2020.1714646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Today, it is very challenging to develop new active pharmaceutical ingredients. Developing good preparations of well-recognized natural medicines is certainly a practical and economic strategy. Low-solubility, low-permeability natural medicines (LLNMs) possess valuable advantages such as effectiveness, relative low cost and low toxicity, which is shown by the presence of popular products on the market. Understanding the in vivo metabolic and pharmacokinetic characteristics of LLNMs contributes to overcoming their associated problems, such as low absorption and low bioavailability. In this review, the structure-based metabolic reactions of LLNMs and related enzymatic systems, cellular and bodily pharmacological effects and metabolic influences, drug-drug interactions involved in metabolism and microenvironmental changes, and pharmacokinetics and dose-dependent/linear pharmacokinetic models are comprehensively evaluated. This review suggests that better pharmacological activity and pharmacokinetic behaviors may be achieved by modifying the metabolism through using nanotechnology and nanosystem in combination with the suitable administration route and dosage. It is noteworthy that novel nanosystems, such as triggered-release liposomes, nucleic acid polymer nanosystems and PEGylated dendrimers, in addition to prodrug and intestinal penetration enhancer, demonstrate encouraging performance. Insights into the metabolic and pharmacokinetic characteristics of LLNMs may help pharmacists to identify new LLNM formulations with high bioavailability and amazing efficacy and help physicians carry out LLNM-based precision medicine and individualized therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- Chongqing Research Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kailing Li
- Chongqing Research Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dan He
- Chongqing Research Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Gu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Daping Hospital of Army Medical University, PLA, Chongqing, China
| | - Jingyu Xu
- Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jiaxi Xie
- Chongqing Research Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Chongqing Research Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuying Liu
- Chongqing Research Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qunyou Tan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Daping Hospital of Army Medical University, PLA, Chongqing, China
| | - Jingqing Zhang
- Chongqing Research Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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He X, Gao J, Hou H, Qi Z, Chen H, Zhang XX. Inhibition of Mitochondrial Fatty Acid Oxidation Contributes to Development of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Induced by Environmental Cadmium Exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:13992-14000. [PMID: 31682409 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b05131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most prevalent toxic metal pollutants widely distributed in water and soil environments. Epidemiological studies have shown that exposure to Cd is implicated in the prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in middle-aged human population, but biological evidence is lacking and its toxicological mechanism remains unclear for the disease predisposition from environmental Cd exposure. In this study, we established a chronic Cd-exposure mouse model mimicking the liver Cd deposition in middle-aged human population to determine whether the environmental Cd exposure can induce NAFLD. Results showed that hepatic Cd burden at levels of 0.95 and 6.04 μg/g wet weight resulting from 20-week Cd exposure at different doses induced NAFLD and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis-like phenotypes in mice, respectively. The Cd exposure caused marked hepatic mitochondrial dysfunction and fatty acid oxidation deficiency, along with significant suppression of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) signaling pathway in the liver. In vitro study confirmed that Cd evidently inhibited the mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation in hepatocytes and that SIRT1 signaling was potentially involved in the process. Our findings suggest that exposure to environmental Cd is a tangible risk factor for NAFLD, and the induced public health risks deserve greater attention.
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Luo Z, Xu X, Zhao S, Sho T, Luo W, Zhang J, Xu W, Hon K, Xu J. Inclusion of microbe-derived antioxidant during pregnancy and lactation attenuates high-fat diet-induced hepatic oxidative stress, lipid disorders, and NLRP3 inflammasome in mother rats and offspring. Food Nutr Res 2019; 63:3504. [PMID: 34104129 PMCID: PMC8153845 DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v63.3504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to evaluate the effects of microbe-derived antioxidant (MA) on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced hepatic lipid disorders in mother rats and offspring. Methods A total of 36 female rats were randomly divided into three groups at the beginning of pregnancy: the control group (CG), HFD, and HFD with 2% MA. Mother rats were slaughtered at the first and 10th day of lactation (L1 and L10) and offspring were slaughtered at L10. The plasma and liver of mother rats, and liver of offspring were collected. Results The results showed that MA reversed HFD-induced activities of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and antioxidative enzymes in liver of mother rats and offspring. In addition, MA reduced HFD-induced lipid accumulation through decreasing the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC) content in plasma of mother rats and improving hepatic fatty acid synthase (FAS) in mother rats and offspring. MA decreased HFD-induced hepatic alkaline phosphatase (AKP) activity in liver of mother rats and offspring. Furthermore, MA reduced HFD-activated nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor containing pyrin domain 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in liver of mother rats and offspring. Conclusions MA supplementation reversed HFD-induced hepatic oxidative stress, lipid accumulation, NLRP3 inflammasome, and function in mother rats and offspring, suggesting MA can be functional ingredients to improve maternal-fetal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Luo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xue Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, Shanghai, China
| | - Sen Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Takami Sho
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenli Luo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weina Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kong Hon
- Shanghai Chuangbo Biotechnology Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianxiong Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Astragaloside IV Exerts a Myocardial Protective Effect against Cardiac Hypertrophy in Rats, Partially via Activating the Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:4625912. [PMID: 31285785 PMCID: PMC6594267 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4625912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Previous evidence suggested that astragaloside IV (ASIV) had a cardioprotective effect, but the potential mechanisms were undetermined. This study is aimed at validating the prevention of cardiac hypertrophy in chronic heart failure (CHF) rats and hypertrophy in H9c2 cardiomyocytes by ASIV and at exploring the potential mechanism involved. CHF rat models of abdominal aortic constriction (AAC) were used with the aim of determining the protective effect of ASIV in cardiac hypertrophy in the rats. We proved that ASIV could attenuate cardiac hypertrophy by improving left ventricular function and structure and showed that the expression of nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and its downstream gene heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) increased in the high-dose ASIV intervention group. To further investigate the specific mechanism of ASIV, we hypothesized that ASIV might prevent cardiac hypertrophy via activating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. We established a cardiomyocyte hypertrophy model induced by angiotensin II (Ang II), which was then transfected with Nrf2 shRNA, to knock down the expression of the Nrf2 gene. We found that the protective effect of ASIV against Ang II-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy was abolished in the Nrf2 shRNA transfection group, ultimately aggravating cardiomyocyte hypertrophy induced by Ang II, and it is possible that oxidative stress may be involved in this process. Our results demonstrated that ASIV improved cardiac function and inhibited cardiac hypertrophy by upregulating Nrf2, and this effect was partially achieved by stimulating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway, suggesting that ASIV could have therapeutic potential for the treatment of cardiac hypertrophy and CHF.
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Chen X, Yang Y, Liu C, Chen Z, Wang D. Astragaloside IV ameliorates high glucose‑induced renal tubular epithelial‑mesenchymal transition by blocking mTORC1/p70S6K signaling in HK‑2 cells. Int J Mol Med 2018; 43:709-716. [PMID: 30483732 PMCID: PMC6317658 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Astragaloside IV (AST) is the major active saponin in Astragalus membranaceus and, reportedly, has a variety of pharmacological activities. However, the potential of AST to ameliorate high glucose‑mediated renal tubular epithelial‑mesenchymal transition (EMT) remains undetermined. The aim of the present research was to explore the effect and mechanism of AST in EMT of renal tubular epithelial cells, as an underlying mechanism of renal fibrosis and a vital feature involved in diabetic nephropathy. The effect of AST on the EMT of renal tubular epithelial cells (HK‑2) stimulated by high glucose was investigated and it was attempted to elucidate the potential underlying mechanism. The expression of E‑cadherin and α‑smooth muscle actin were determined by western blotting and immunofluorescence assays. The expression of the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1)/ ribosomal protein S6 kinase β‑1 (p70S6K) signaling pathway and protein levels of four transcriptional factors (snail, slug, twist and zinc finger E‑box‑binding homeobox 1) were also determined by western blotting. Additionally, extracellular matrix components, including fibronectin (FN) and collagen type IV (Col IV) were detected by ELISA. The results suggested that the EMT of HK‑2 cells and the mTORC1/p70S6K pathway were activated by high glucose. The expression of snail and twist in HK‑2 cells was elevated by high glucose. Furthermore, extracellular matrix components, FN and Col IV, were increased in HK‑2 cells cultured with high glucose. In turn, treatment with AST reduced EMT features in HK‑2 cells, inhibited mTORC1/p70S6K pathway activation, downregulated expression of snail and twist, and reduced secretion of FN and Col IV. In summary, the findings suggested that AST ameliorates high glucose‑mediated renal tubular EMT by blocking the mTORC1/p70S6K signaling pathway in HK‑2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The People's Hospital of Jiangyin, Jiangyin, Jiangsu 214400, P.R. China
| | - Yang Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, P.R. China
| | - Chenxu Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Zhigao Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The People's Hospital of Jiangyin, Jiangyin, Jiangsu 214400, P.R. China
| | - Dongdong Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, P.R. China
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Lu M, Leng B, He X, Zhang Z, Wang H, Tang F. Calcium Sensing Receptor-Related Pathway Contributes to Cardiac Injury and the Mechanism of Astragaloside IV on Cardioprotection. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1163. [PMID: 30364197 PMCID: PMC6193074 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of calcium sensing receptor (CaSR) contributes to cardiac injury, but the underlying mechanism has not yet been examined. Astragaloside IV (AsIV) was previously reported to exhibit protective effects against various myocardial injuries. The aim of the present study was to investigate the underlying mechanism of CaSR in cardiac hypertrophy and apoptosis and to evaluate whether the protective effect of AsIV against myocardial injury is associated with CaSR and its related signaling pathway. In vivo and in vitro myocardial injury was induced by isoproterenol (Iso) or GdCl3 (a CaSR agonist) in rats and heart H9C2 cells. Cardiac cell hypertrophy, apoptosis, function, Mitochondrial Membrane Potential (MMP), mitochondrial ultrastructure, and [Ca2+]i, as well as the protein expression of CaSR, calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII), calcineurin (CaN), sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase2a (SERCA2a), and the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R), were measured in vivo and/or in vitro. The results showed that AsIV attenuated cardiac hypertrophy and apoptosis and attenuated impairments in cardiac function, mitochondrial structure, and MMP induced by Iso or GdCl3 in rat myocardial tissue and H9C2 cells. Importantly, AsIV treatment inhibited the enhancement of [Ca2+]i and CaSR expression induced by Iso or GdCl3, an effect similar to that of the CaSR antagonist NPS2143. In addition, AsIV treatment repressed CaSR, CaMKII, and CaN activation and inhibited NFAT-3 nuclear translocation. Mechanistic analysis using lentivirus infection showed that CaSR overexpression activated the CaMKII and CaN signaling pathways and that this response was enhanced by Iso. The results suggested that CaSR-mediated changes in [Ca2+]i and CaMKII and CaN signaling pathways contribute to cardiac hypertrophy and apoptosis and are involved in the protective effect of astragaloside IV against cardiac injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meili Lu
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Drug Research of Liaoning Province, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Bin Leng
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Drug Research of Liaoning Province, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Xin He
- Internal Medicine-Cardiovascular Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Drug Research of Liaoning Province, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Hongxin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Drug Research of Liaoning Province, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Futian Tang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Drug Research of Liaoning Province, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
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Jia L, Lv D, Zhang S, Wang Z, Zhou B. Astragaloside IV Inhibits the Progression of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Through the Akt/GSK-3β/β-Catenin Pathway. Oncol Res 2018; 27:503-508. [PMID: 30131090 PMCID: PMC7848426 DOI: 10.3727/096504018x15344989701565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) is an active ingredient in Astragalus membranaceus and is involved in various biological processes, such as regulating the immune system, and counteracting inflammation and malignancy. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of AS-IV on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. Cell counting kit (CCK)-8 assay and flow cytometry were performed to investigate cell survival and cell death, and Western blotting was performed to assess protein expression. We found that AS-IV inhibited the migration and proliferation of NSCLC cells and caused a noticeable increase in cell death. Furthermore, the expression of Bax, a marker of cell death, was increased, whereas the expression of Bcl-2, an antiapoptotic protein, was reduced. AS-IV also promoted cleavage of caspase-3, another indication of apoptosis. Finally, the Akt/GSK-3β/β-catenin axis was suppressed in response to AS-IV. Taken together, these findings provide evidence that AS-IV inhibits NSCLC development via inhibition of the Akt/GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling axis. We therefore propose that AS-IV represents a promising novel agent for the treatment of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwei Jia
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Dongying Lv
- Heilongjiang Environmental Monitoring Central Station, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Zhenyue Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Bo Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, P.R. China
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