1
|
Bhagavatula D, Hasan TN, Vohra H, Khorami S, Hussain A. Delineating the Antiapoptotic Property of Apigenin as an Antitumor Agent: A Computational and In Vitro Study on HeLa Cells. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:24751-24760. [PMID: 38882173 PMCID: PMC11170653 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c01300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Apigenin, a flavonoid, is reported to have multiple health benefits including cancer prevention; this study evaluates the drug likeliness and Swiss ADME properties of apigenin. Apoptosis, which is a key hallmark of cancer, is associated with the deregulation of the balance between proapoptotic proteins and antiapoptotic proteins such as BCL-2,BCL-xl, BFL-1, BCL-w, BRAG-16, and MCL-1. The docking studies of apigenin with the mentioned proteins was performed to identify the interactions between the ligand and proteins, which suggested that apigenin was able to bind to most of the proteins similar to the inhibitory molecules of its native structure. A remarkable reduction in the total energy after energy minimization of apigenin-antiapoptotic protein complexes suggested increased stability of the docked complexes. The same complexes were found to be stable over a 10 ns period of molecular simulation at 300 K. These findings advocated the study to evaluate apigenin's potential to inhibit the HeLa cells at 5, 10, and 15 μM concentrations in the clonogenic assay. Apigenin inhibited the colony-forming ability of HeLa cells in a dose-dependent manner over a fortnight. Light microscopy of the treated cells displayed the morphological evidence characteristic of apoptosis in HeLa cells such as blebbing, spike formation, cytoplasmic oozing, and nuclear fragmentation. Thus, these results clearly indicate that apigenin may be used as a potential chemopreventive agent in cervical cancer management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Bhagavatula
- School of Life Sciences,Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Dubai 345050 ,United Arab Emirates
| | - Tarique Noorul Hasan
- School of Life Sciences,Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Dubai 345050 ,United Arab Emirates
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Sh. Tahnoon Bin Mohammed Medical City (STMC), Al Ain, Pure Health, Abu Dhabi 17822, United Arab Emirates
| | - Huzefa Vohra
- School of Life Sciences,Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Dubai 345050 ,United Arab Emirates
| | - Sherareh Khorami
- School of Life Sciences,Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Dubai 345050 ,United Arab Emirates
| | - Arif Hussain
- School of Life Sciences,Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Dubai 345050 ,United Arab Emirates
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jabeen I, Altemimi AB, Rabail R, Kafeel S, Shahid A, Inam-Ur-Raheem M, Mousavi Khaneghah A, Aadil RM. Exploring the astonishing beneficial effects of round gourd (Praecitrullus fistulosus) and plant lectins towards cancer: A comprehensive review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 271:132629. [PMID: 38815952 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Praecitrullus fistulosus, commonly known as round gourd or tinda, is a remarkable source of bioactive substances like polyphenols, antioxidants, carotene, magnesium, and vitamin C. It is considered one of the Cucurbitaceae family due to its medicinal features. Plant lectins are carbohydrate-binding proteins that can bind and identify the carbohydrate moieties upon cancerous cells demonstrated some anticancer potentials. Several plant lectins are helpful as cancer biomarkers because they can find cancer cells and contribute to cell death initiation via apoptosis and autophagy, suggesting the possible role of cancer-inhibiting pathways. Therefore, round gourd and lectins might be useful in the controlling of cancer. This study compiled the most recent scientific literature regarding the round gourd and numerous plant lectins, and the clinical trials of lectins exploring their effects on cancer were examined. Research according to the literature, round gourd, and lectins demonstrated pharmacological alterations not only in cancer but in many other disorders as well. Thus, clinical investigations proved the beneficial impacts of round gourd and lectins on cancer due to their antioxidants, anti-inflammatory, and anticarcinogenic properties. Further studies are required to fully comprehend the potential applications of these plant-derived compounds against cancer, as well as to identify the round gourd components and clarify their mode of action.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ifrah Jabeen
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Ammar B Altemimi
- Food Science Department, College of Agriculture, University of Basrah, Basrah 61004, Iraq; College of Medicine, University of Warith Al-Anbiyaa, Karbala 56001, Iraq
| | - Roshina Rabail
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Sadia Kafeel
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Arashi Shahid
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Inam-Ur-Raheem
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Amin Mousavi Khaneghah
- Faculty of Biotechnologies (BioTech), ITMO University 191002, 9 Lomonosova Street, Saint Petersburg, Russia; Halal Research Center of IRI, Iran Food and Drug Administration, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Rana Muhammad Aadil
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jian X, Shi C, Luo W, Zhou L, Jiang L, Liu K. Therapeutic effects and molecular mechanisms of quercetin in gynecological disorders. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 173:116418. [PMID: 38461683 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Quercetin is a representative flavonoid that is widely present in fruits, herbs, and vegetables. It is also an important active core component in traditional Chinese medicines. As an important flavonoid, quercetin has various properties and exerts antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cardioprotective effects. The public interest in quercetin is increasing, and quercetin has been used to prevent or treat numerous of diseases, such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), cancer, autoimmune diseases and chronic cardiovascular diseases, in clinical experiments and animal studies due to its powerful antioxidant properties and minimal side effects. Quercetin exerts marked pharmacological effects on gynecological disorders; however, there have been no reviews about the potential health benefits of quercetin in the context of gynecological disorders, including PCOS, premature ovary failure (POF), endometriosis (EM), ovarian cancer (OC), cervical cancer (CC) and endometrial carcinoma (EC). Thus, this review aimed to summarize the biological effects of quercetin on gynecological disorders and its mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xian Jian
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Chen Shi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Weichen Luo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Liyuan Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Lili Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China.
| | - Kuiran Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhou Y, Wang F, Li G, Xu J, Zhang J, Gullen E, Yang J, Wang J. From immune checkpoints to therapies: understanding immune checkpoint regulation and the influence of natural products and traditional medicine on immune checkpoint and immunotherapy in lung cancer. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1340307. [PMID: 38426097 PMCID: PMC10902058 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1340307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is a disease of global concern, and immunotherapy has brought lung cancer therapy to a new era. Besides promising effects in the clinical use of immune checkpoint inhibitors, immune-related adverse events (irAEs) and low response rates are problems unsolved. Natural products and traditional medicine with an immune-modulating nature have the property to influence immune checkpoint expression and can improve immunotherapy's effect with relatively low toxicity. This review summarizes currently approved immunotherapy and the current mechanisms known to regulate immune checkpoint expression in lung cancer. It lists natural products and traditional medicine capable of influencing immune checkpoints or synergizing with immunotherapy in lung cancer, exploring both their effects and underlying mechanisms. Future research on immune checkpoint modulation and immunotherapy combination applying natural products and traditional medicine will be based on a deeper understanding of their mechanisms regulating immune checkpoints. Continued exploration of natural products and traditional medicine holds the potential to enhance the efficacy and reduce the adverse reactions of immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yibin Zhou
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Fenglan Wang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Guangda Li
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Elizabeth Gullen
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale Medical School, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Baba RA, Mir HA, Mokhdomi TA, Bhat HF, Ahmad A, Khanday FA. Quercetin suppresses ROS production and migration by specifically targeting Rac1 activation in gliomas. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1318797. [PMID: 38362155 PMCID: PMC10867961 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1318797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
P66Shc and Rac1 proteins are responsible for tumor-associated inflammation, particularly in brain tumors characterized by elevated oxidative stress and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Quercetin, a natural polyphenolic flavonoid, is a well-known redox modulator with anticancer properties. It has the capacity to cross the blood-brain barrier and, thus, could be a possible drug against brain tumors. In this study, we explored the effect of quercetin on Rac1/p66Shc-mediated tumor cell inflammation, which is the principal pathway for the generation of ROS in brain cells. Glioma cells transfected with Rac1, p66Shc, or both were treated with varying concentrations of quercetin for different time points. Quercetin significantly reduced the viability and migration of cells in an ROS-dependent manner with the concomitant inhibition of Rac1/p66Shc expression and ROS production in naïve and Rac1/p66Shc-transfected cell lines, suggestive of preventing Rac1 activation. Through molecular docking simulations, we observed that quercetin showed the best binding compared to other known Rac1 inhibitors and specifically blocked the GTP-binding site in the A-loop of Rac1 to prevent GTP binding and, thus, Rac1 activation. We conclude that quercetin exerts its anticancer effects via the modulation of Rac1-p66Shc signaling by specifically inhibiting Rac1 activation, thus restraining the production of ROS and tumor growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rafia A. Baba
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
- Cancer Diagnostic & Research Centre, Department of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, India
| | - Hilal A. Mir
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
- Departments of Ophthalmology, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | | | - Hina F. Bhat
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Ajaz Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sabanayagam R, Krishnamoorthy S, Anbuselvam M, Muruganantham B, Muthusami S. A comparative analysis of phyto-components on EGFR binding, viability, and migration in HPV positive ME180 and HPV negative C33A cervical cancer cells. Med Oncol 2023; 40:357. [PMID: 37964051 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02223-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
A need for effective implementation of cervical cancer (CC) even in developed countries insist the urge for developing an effective drug molecule to treat CC. Previously, we showed an inverse correlation between survival of CC patients and epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor (EGFR) levels. Newer tyrosine kinase inhibitors to treat CC are being constantly pursued. In this context, the proposed study is an attempt to perform a comparative analysis using 20 phyto-components to determine the effective lead molecule. Molecular docking was utilized to determine the comparative efficacy of 20 phyto-components in binding to EGFR. It was then validated by cell viability, mitochondrial membrane potential, apoptosis, migration, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-2) in human papilloma virus (HPV) positive and HPV negative CC cells using top nine phyto-components based on computational screening. Computational analysis identified nine phyto-components out of which five compounds were effective in reducing the survival, mitochondrial membrane potential, apoptosis, migration, and MMP-2 secretion. EGCG, plumbagin, quercetin, emodin, and naringenin were identified as effective molecules in attenuating CC survival, proliferation, and migration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajalakshmi Sabanayagam
- Department of Biochemistry, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641021, India
| | - Sneha Krishnamoorthy
- Department of Biochemistry, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641021, India
| | - Mohan Anbuselvam
- Department of Biochemistry, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641021, India
| | - Bharathi Muruganantham
- Department of Biochemistry, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641021, India
| | - Sridhar Muthusami
- Department of Biochemistry, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641021, India.
- Centre for Cancer Research, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641021, India.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Gupta M, Ahmad J, Ahamad J, Kundu S, Goel A, Mishra A. Flavonoids as promising anticancer therapeutics: Contemporary research, nanoantioxidant potential, and future scope. Phytother Res 2023; 37:5159-5192. [PMID: 37668281 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids are natural polyphenolic compounds considered safe, pleiotropic, and readily available molecules. It is widely distributed in various food products such as fruits and vegetables and beverages such as green tea, wine, and coca-based products. Many studies have reported the anticancer potential of flavonoids against different types of cancers, including solid tumors. The chemopreventive effect of flavonoids is attributed to various mechanisms, including modulation of autophagy, induction of cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and antioxidant defense. Despite of significant anticancer activity of flavonoids, their clinical translation is limited due to their poor biopharmaceutical attributes (such as low aqueous solubility, limited permeability across the biological membranes (intestinal and blood-brain barrier), and stability issue in biological systems). A nanoparticulate system is an approach that is widely utilized to improve the biopharmaceutical performance and therapeutic efficacy of phytopharmaceuticals. The present review discusses the significant anticancer potential of promising flavonoids in different cancers and the utilization of nanoparticulate systems to improve their nanoantioxidant activity further to enhance the anticancer activity of loaded promising flavonoids. Although, various plant-derived secondary metabolites including flavonoids have been recommended for treating cancer, further vigilant research is warranted to prove their translational values.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mukta Gupta
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Javed Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Javed Ahamad
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tishk International University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Snehashis Kundu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Archit Goel
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Awanish Mishra
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati, Assam, India
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Dey AK, Banarjee R, Boroumand M, Rutherford DV, Strassheim Q, Nyunt T, Olinger B, Basisty N. Translating Senotherapeutic Interventions into the Clinic with Emerging Proteomic Technologies. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1301. [PMID: 37887011 PMCID: PMC10604147 DOI: 10.3390/biology12101301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a state of irreversible growth arrest with profound phenotypic changes, including the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Senescent cell accumulation contributes to aging and many pathologies including chronic inflammation, type 2 diabetes, cancer, and neurodegeneration. Targeted removal of senescent cells in preclinical models promotes health and longevity, suggesting that the selective elimination of senescent cells is a promising therapeutic approach for mitigating a myriad of age-related pathologies in humans. However, moving senescence-targeting drugs (senotherapeutics) into the clinic will require therapeutic targets and biomarkers, fueled by an improved understanding of the complex and dynamic biology of senescent cell populations and their molecular profiles, as well as the mechanisms underlying the emergence and maintenance of senescence cells and the SASP. Advances in mass spectrometry-based proteomic technologies and workflows have the potential to address these needs. Here, we review the state of translational senescence research and how proteomic approaches have added to our knowledge of senescence biology to date. Further, we lay out a roadmap from fundamental biological discovery to the clinical translation of senotherapeutic approaches through the development and application of emerging proteomic technologies, including targeted and untargeted proteomic approaches, bottom-up and top-down methods, stability proteomics, and surfaceomics. These technologies are integral for probing the cellular composition and dynamics of senescent cells and, ultimately, the development of senotype-specific biomarkers and senotherapeutics (senolytics and senomorphics). This review aims to highlight emerging areas and applications of proteomics that will aid in exploring new senescent cell biology and the future translation of senotherapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Nathan Basisty
- Translational Geroproteomics Unit, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA; (A.K.D.); (R.B.); (M.B.); (D.V.R.); (Q.S.); (T.N.); (B.O.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Chu M, Ji H, Li K, Liu H, Peng M, Wang Z, Zhu X. Investigating the potential mechanism of quercetin against cervical cancer. Discov Oncol 2023; 14:170. [PMID: 37704909 PMCID: PMC10499770 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-023-00788-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cervical cancer is emerging as a potential target of increased susceptibility to coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), leading to compromised survival rates. Despite this critical link, efficacious anti-cervical cancer/COVID-19 interventions remain limited. Quercetin, known for its efficacy against both cancer and viral infections, holds promise as a therapeutic agent. This study aims to elucidate quercetin's anti-cervical cancer/COVID-19 mechanisms and potential targets. METHODS We initiated our investigation with differential gene expression analysis using cervical cancer transcriptome data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and The Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx), focusing on intersections with COVID-19-related genes. Network pharmacology was employed to identify the shared targets between cervical cancer/COVID-19 DEGs and quercetin's targets. Subsequently, Cox proportional hazards analyses were employed to establish a risk score based on these genes. Molecular docking techniques were applied to predict quercetin's therapeutic targets and mechanisms for mitigating cervical cancer and COVID-19. RESULTS Our findings unveiled 45 potential quercetin targets with anti-cervical cancer/COVID-19 actions. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses highlighted significant enrichment in immune pathways and COVID-19-related pathways. A refined risk score model, comprising PLA2G7, TNF, TYK2, F2, and NRP1, effectively stratified cervical cancer patients into distinct risk groups. Importantly, molecular docking analyses illuminated quercetin's remarkable binding affinity to the primary protease of the coronavirus. CONCLUSIONS In summation, our study suggests that quercetin holds promise as a potential therapeutic agent for mitigating coronavirus function, specifically through its interaction with the primary protease. This research offers novel insights into exploring COVID-19 susceptibility and enhancing survival in cervical cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Man Chu
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Huihui Ji
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Kehan Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Hejing Liu
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Mengjia Peng
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China.
| | - Xueqiong Zhu
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Li K, Cai X, Fan Y, Jin M, Xie Y, Jing Z, Zang X, Han Y. Codelivery of Que and BCL-2 siRNA with Lipid-Copolymer Hybrid Nanocomplexes for Efficient Tumor Regression. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:4805-4820. [PMID: 37463126 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c00489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
The efficacy of chemotherapy is often reduced due to the chemotherapy resistance of tumor cells, which is usually caused by abnormal gene overexpression. Herein, multifunctional nanocomplexes (Que/siBCL2@BioMICs) were developed to deliver quercetin (Que) and BCL-2 siRNA (siBCL2) to synergistically inhibit tumor growth. The nanocomplexes were composed of an amphiphilic triblock copolymer of poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate-poly[2-(dimethylamino) ethyl acrylate]-polycaprolactone (PEGMA-PDMAEA-PCL) and 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-poly(ethylene glycol)-biotin (DSPE-PEG-biotin). Que was encapsulated into the cores through hydrophobic interactions, while negatively charged siBCL2 was loaded through electrostatic interactions. The nanocomplexes could effectively facilitate cellular uptake via biotin-mediated active targeting and cytosolic release of cargos by the "proton sponge effect" of PDMAEA. Que/siBCL2@BioMICs achieved enhanced cytotoxicity and anti-metastasis activity due to a synergistic effect of Que and siBCL2 in vitro. More importantly, superior anti-tumor efficacy was observed in orthotopic 4T1 tumor-bearing mice with reduced primary tumor burden and lung metastatic nodules, while no obvious side effects to major organs were observed. In conclusion, the biotin-targeted nanocomplexes with chemotherapeutic and nucleotide agent entrapment provide a promising strategy for efficient triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kangkang Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Xiaohua Cai
- Department of Pharmacy, Qingdao Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Municipal Hospital), Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Yong Fan
- Department of Psychiatry, Qingdao Mental Health Center, Qingdao 266032, China
| | - Meng Jin
- Department of Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography (PET-CT) Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Yi Xie
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Zhenghui Jing
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Xinlong Zang
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Yantao Han
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Pellegrino M, Bevacqua E, Frattaruolo L, Cappello AR, Aquaro S, Tucci P. Enhancing the Anticancer and Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Curcumin in Combination with Quercetin, for the Prevention and Treatment of Prostate Cancer. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2023. [PMID: 37509660 PMCID: PMC10377667 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11072023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer in men. Although epidemiologic studies show that a higher intake of polyphenols, curcumin (CUR), and quercetin (QRT), in particular, result in lower prostate cancer risk, the chemopreventive mechanisms underlying the effects of CUR and QRT have not been fully understood yet, and most investigations were conducted with individual compounds. Here, we investigated the anticancer and anti-inflammatory effects of CUR in combination with QRT, respectively, in a human prostate cancer cell line, PC-3, and in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells, and found that their combination significantly inhibited proliferation and arrested the cell cycle, inducing apoptosis, so exhibiting synergic activities stronger than single drug use. Moreover, via their antioxidant effects, the combination of CUR and QRT modulated several inflammation-mediated signaling pathways (ROS, nitric oxide, and pro-inflammatory cytokines) thus helping protect cells from undergoing molecular changes that trigger carcinogenesis. Although additional studies, including in vivo experiments and translational studies, are required, this study raises the possibility of their use as a safe, effective, and affordable therapeutic approach to prostate cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michele Pellegrino
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Emilia Bevacqua
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Luca Frattaruolo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Anna Rita Cappello
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Stefano Aquaro
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Paola Tucci
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Umar H, Rizaner N, Usman AG, Aliyu MR, Adun H, Ghali UM, Uzun Ozsahin D, Abba SI. Prediction of Cell Migration in MDA-MB 231 and MCF-7 Human Breast Cancer Cells Treated with Albizia Lebbeck Methanolic Extract Using Multilinear Regression and Artificial Intelligence-Based Models. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:858. [PMID: 37375805 DOI: 10.3390/ph16060858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a common cancer affecting women worldwide, and it progresses from breast tissue to other parts of the body through a process called metastasis. Albizia lebbeck is a valuable plant with medicinal properties due to some active biological macromolecules, and it's cultivated in subtropical and tropical regions of the world. This study reports the phytochemical compositions, the cytotoxic, anti-proliferative and anti-migratory potential of A. lebbeck methanolic (ALM) extract on strongly and weakly metastatic MDA-MB 231 and MCF-7 human breast cancer cells, respectively. Furthermore, we employed and compared an artificial neural network (ANN), an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS), and multilinear regression analysis (MLR) to predict cell migration on the treated cancer cells with various concentrations of the extract using our experimental data. Lower concentrations of the ALM extract (10, 5 & 2.5 μg/mL) showed no significant effect. Higher concentrations (25, 50, 100 & 200 μg/mL) revealed a significant effect on the cytotoxicity and proliferation of the cells when compared with the untreated group (p < 0.05; n ≥ 3). Furthermore, the extract revealed a significant decrease in the motility index of the cells with increased extract concentrations (p < 0.05; n ≥ 3). The comparative study of the models observed that both the classical linear MLR and AI-based models could predict metastasis in MDA-MB 231 and MCF-7 cells. Overall, various ALM extract concentrations showed promising an-metastatic potential in both cells, with increased concentration and incubation period. The outcomes of MLR and AI-based models on our data revealed the best performance. They will provide future development in assessing the anti-migratory efficacies of medicinal plants in breast cancer metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huzaifa Umar
- Operational Research Centre in Healthcare, Near East University, TRNC Mersin 10, Nicosia 99138, Turkey
| | - Nahit Rizaner
- Biotechnology Research Centre, Cyprus International University, TRNC Mersin 10, Nicosia 99258, Turkey
| | - Abdullahi Garba Usman
- Operational Research Centre in Healthcare, Near East University, TRNC Mersin 10, Nicosia 99138, Turkey
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Near East University, TRNC, Mersin 10, Nicosia 99138, Turkey
| | - Maryam Rabiu Aliyu
- Department of Energy System Engineering, Cyprus International University, TRNC, Mersin 10, Nicosia 99258, Turkey
| | - Humphrey Adun
- Department of Energy System Engineering, Cyprus International University, TRNC, Mersin 10, Nicosia 99258, Turkey
| | - Umar Muhammad Ghali
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Near East University, TRNC, Mersin 10, Nicosia 99138, Turkey
| | - Dilber Uzun Ozsahin
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Medical Diagnostic Imaging, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sani Isah Abba
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre for Membranes and Water Security, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Homayoonfal M, Gilasi H, Asemi Z, Mahabady MK, Asemi R, Yousefi B. Quercetin modulates signal transductions and targets non-coding RNAs against cancer development. Cell Signal 2023; 107:110667. [PMID: 37023996 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
In recent decades, various investigations have indicated that natural compounds have great potential in the prevention and treatment of different chronic disorders including different types of cancer. As a bioactive flavonoid, Quercetin (Qu) is a dietary ingredient enjoying high pharmacological values and health-promoting effects due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory characterization. Conclusive in vitro and in vivo evidence has revealed that Qu has great potential in cancer prevention and development. Qu exerts its anticancer influences by altering various cellular processes such as apoptosis, autophagy, angiogenesis, metastasis, cell cycle, and proliferation. In this way, Qu by targeting numerous signaling pathways as well as non-coding RNAs regulates several cellular mechanisms to suppress cancer occurrence and promotion. This review aimed to summarize the impact of Qu on the molecular pathways and non-coding RNAs in modulating various cancer-associated cellular mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mina Homayoonfal
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Gilasi
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
| | - Mahmood Khaksary Mahabady
- Anatomical Sciences Research Center, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Reza Asemi
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Cancer Prevention Research Center, Seyyed Al-Shohada Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ghobadi N, Asoodeh A. Co-administration of curcumin with other phytochemicals improves anticancer activity by regulating multiple molecular targets. Phytother Res 2023; 37:1688-1702. [PMID: 36883534 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Natural plant phytochemicals are effective against different types of diseases, including cancer. Curcumin, a powerful herbal polyphenol, exerts inhibitory effects on cancer cell proliferation, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis through interaction with different molecular targets. However, the clinical use of curcumin is limited due to poor solubility in water and metabolism in the liver and intestine. The synergistic effects of curcumin with some phytochemicals such as resveratrol, quercetin, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, and piperine can improve its clinical efficacy in cancer treatment. The present review specifically focuses on anticancer mechanisms related to the co-administration of curcumin with other phytochemicals, including resveratrol, quercetin, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, and piperine. According to the molecular evidence, the phytochemical combinations exert synergistic effects on suppressing cell proliferation, reducing cellular invasion, and inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. This review also emphasizes the significance of the co-delivery vehicles-based nanoparticles of such bioactive phytochemicals that could improve their bioavailability and reduce their systemic dose. Further high-quality studies are needed to firmly establish the clinical efficacy of the phytochemical combinations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niloofar Ghobadi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ahmad Asoodeh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
AFROZE N, SUNDARAM MK, RAINA R, JATHAN J, BHAGAVATULA D, HAQUE S, HUSSAIN A. Concurrent treatment of flavonol with chemotherapeutics potentiates or counteracts the therapeutic implications in cervical cancer cells. MINERVA BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOMOLECULAR RESEARCH 2023. [DOI: 10.23736/s2724-542x.22.02938-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
|
16
|
The Involvement of Natural Polyphenols in Molecular Mechanisms Inducing Apoptosis in Tumor Cells: A Promising Adjuvant in Cancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021680. [PMID: 36675194 PMCID: PMC9863215 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Various literature data show how a diet rich in vegetables could reduce the incidence of several cancers due to the contribution of the natural polyphenols contained in them. Polyphenols are attributed multiple pharmacological actions such as anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, antibiotic, antiseptic, anti-allergic, cardioprotective and even anti-tumor properties. The multiple mechanisms involved in their anti-tumor action include signaling pathways modulation associated with cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, angiogenesis, metastasis and cell death. Since the dysregulation of death processes is involved in cancer etiopathology, the natural compounds able to kill cancer cells could be used as new anticancer agents. Apoptosis, a programmed form of cell death, is the most potent defense against cancer and the main mechanism used by both chemotherapy agents and polyphenols. The aim of this review is to provide an update of literature data on the apoptotic molecular mechanisms induced by some representative polyphenol family members in cancer cells. This aspect is particularly important because it may be useful in the design of new therapeutic strategies against cancer involving the polyphenols as adjuvants.
Collapse
|
17
|
Martins-Gomes C, Nunes FM, Silva AM. Modulation of Cell Death Pathways for Cellular Protection and Anti-Tumoral Activity: The Role of Thymus spp. Extracts and Their Bioactive Molecules. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021691. [PMID: 36675206 PMCID: PMC9864824 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural products used for their health-promoting properties have accompanied the evolution of humanity. Nowadays, as an effort to scientifically validate the health-promoting effects described by traditional medicine, an ever-growing number of bioactivities are being described for natural products and the phytochemicals that constitute them. Among them, medicinal plants and more specifically the Thymus genus spp., arise as products already present in the diet and with high acceptance, that are a source of phytochemicals with high pharmacological value. Phenolic acids, flavonoid glycoside derivatives, and terpenoids from Thymus spp. have been described for their ability to modulate cell death and survival pathways, much-valued bioactivities in the pharmaceutical industry, that continually sought-after new formulations to prevent undesired cell death or to control cell proliferation. Among these, wound treatment, protection from endogenous/exogenous toxic molecules, or the induction of selective cell death, such as the search for new anti-tumoral agents, arise as main objectives. This review summarizes and discusses studies on Thymus spp., as well as on compounds present in their extracts, with regard to their health-promoting effects involving the modulation of cell death or survival signaling pathways. In addition, studies regarding the main bioactive molecules and their cellular molecular targets were also reviewed. Concerning cell survival and proliferation, Thymus spp. present themselves as an option for new formulations designed for wound healing and protection against chemicals-induced toxicity. However, Thymus spp. extracts and some of their compounds regulate cell death, presenting anti-tumoral activity. Therefore Thymus spp. is a rich source of compounds with nutraceutical and pharmaceutical value.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Martins-Gomes
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Cell Biology and Biochemistry Lab, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Chemistry Research Centre-Vila Real (CQ-VR), Food and Wine Chemistry Lab, UTAD Quinta de Prados, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Fernando M. Nunes
- Chemistry Research Centre-Vila Real (CQ-VR), Food and Wine Chemistry Lab, UTAD Quinta de Prados, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Department of Chemistry, School of Life Sciences and Environment, UTAD, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Amélia M. Silva
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Cell Biology and Biochemistry Lab, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Department of Biology and Environment, School of Life Sciences and Environment, UTAD, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-259-350-921
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Wani AK, Akhtar N, Sharma A, El-Zahaby SA. Fighting Carcinogenesis with Plant Metabolites by Weakening Proliferative Signaling and Disabling Replicative Immortality Networks of Rapidly Dividing and Invading Cancerous Cells. Curr Drug Deliv 2023; 20:371-386. [PMID: 35422214 DOI: 10.2174/1567201819666220414085606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer, an uncontrolled multistage disease causing swift division of cells, is a leading disease with the highest mortality rate. Cellular heterogeneity, evading growth suppressors, resisting cell death, and replicative immortality drive the tumor progression by resisting the therapeutic action of existing anticancer drugs through a series of intrinsic and extrinsic cellular interactions. The innate cellular mechanisms also regulate the replication process as a fence against proliferative signaling, enabling replicative immortality through telomere dysfunction. AREA COVERED The conventional genotoxic drugs have several off-target and collateral side effects associated with them. Thus, the need for the therapies targeting cyclin-dependent kinases or P13K signaling pathway to expose cancer cells to immune destruction, deactivation of invasion and metastasis, and maintaining cellular energetics is imperative. Compounds with anticancer attributes isolated from plants and rich in alkaloids, terpenes, and polyphenols have proven to be less toxic and highly targetspecific, making them biologically significant. This has opened a gateway for the exploration of more novel plant molecules by signifying their role as anticancer agents in synergy and alone, making them more effective than the existing cytotoxic regimens. EXPERT OPINION In this context, the current review presented recent data on cancer cases around the globe, along with discussing the fundamentals of proliferative signaling and replicative immortality of cancer cells. Recent findings were also highlighted, including antiproliferative and antireplicative action of plant-derived compounds, besides explaining the need for improving drug delivery systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atif Khurshid Wani
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Punjab (144411), India
| | - Nahid Akhtar
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Punjab (144411), India
| | - Arun Sharma
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Punjab (144411), India
| | - Sally A El-Zahaby
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Natural Blockers of PD-1/PD-L1 Interaction for the Immunotherapy of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer-Brain Metastasis. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14246258. [PMID: 36551742 PMCID: PMC9777321 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14246258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The limited treatment options for triple-negative breast cancer with brain metastasis (TNBC-BM) have left the door of further drug development for these patients wide open. Although immunotherapy via monoclonal antibodies has shown some promising results in several cancers including TNBC, it cannot be considered the most effective treatment for brain metastasis. This is due to the protective role of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) which limits the entrance of most drugs, especially the bulky ones such as antibodies, to the brain. For a drug to traverse the BBB via passive diffusion, various physicochemical properties should be considered. Since natural medicine has been a key inspiration for the development of the majority of current medicines, in this paper, we review several naturally-derived molecules which have the potential for immunotherapy via blocking the interaction of programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) and its ligand, PD-L1. The mechanism of action, physicochemical properties and pharmacokinetics of these molecules and their theoretical potential to be used for the treatment of TNBC-BM are discussed.
Collapse
|
20
|
The Regulatory Network of Gastric Cancer Pathogenesis and Its Potential Therapeutic Active Ingredients of Traditional Chinese Medicine Based on Bioinformatics, Molecular Docking, and Molecular Dynamics Simulation. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:5005498. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/5005498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Objective. This study aims to investigate the functional gene network in gastric carcinogenesis by using bioinformatics; besides, the diagnostic utility of key genes and potential active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for treatment in gastric cancer have been explored. Methods. The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus databases have been applied to analyze the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between gastric cancer and normal gastric tissues. Then, the DEGs underwent Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses using the Metascape database. The STRING database and the Cytoscape software were utilized for the protein-protein interaction network of DEGs and hub genes screening. Furthermore, survival and expression analyses of hub genes were conducted using Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis and Human Protein Atlas databases. By using the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database, the hub genes interconnected with active ingredients of TCM were analyzed to provide potential information for the treatment of gastric cancer. After the molecular docking of the active ingredients of TCM to specific hub gene receptor proteins, the molecular dynamics simulation GROMACS was applied to validate the conformation of the strongest binding ability in the molecular docking. Results. A total of 291 significant DEGs were found, from which 12 hub genes were screened out. Among these hub genes, the expressions of five hub genes including COL1A1, COL5A2, MMP12, SERPINE1, and VCAN were significantly correlated with the overall survival. Furthermore, four potential therapeutic active ingredients of TCM were acquired, including quercetin, resveratrol, emodin, and schizandrin B. In addition, the molecular docking results exhibited that the active ingredients of TCM formed stable binding with the hub gene targets. SERPINE1 (3UT3)-Emodin and COL1A1 (7DV6)-Quercetin were subjected to molecular dynamics simulations as conformations of continuing research significance, and both were found to be stably bound as a result of the interaction of van der Waals potentials, electrostatic, and hydrogen bonding. Conclusion. Our findings may provide novel insights and references for the screening of biomarkers, the prognostic evaluation, and the identification of potential active ingredients of TCM for gastric cancer treatment.
Collapse
|
21
|
Sharma E, Attri DC, Sati P, Dhyani P, Szopa A, Sharifi-Rad J, Hano C, Calina D, Cho WC. Recent updates on anticancer mechanisms of polyphenols. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1005910. [PMID: 36247004 PMCID: PMC9557130 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1005910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
In today’s scenario, when cancer cases are increasing rapidly, anticancer herbal compounds become imperative. Studies on the molecular mechanisms of action of polyphenols published in specialized databases such as Web of Science, Pubmed/Medline, Google Scholar, and Science Direct were used as sources of information for this review. Natural polyphenols provide established efficacy against chemically induced tumor growth with fewer side effects. They can sensitize cells to various therapies and increase the effectiveness of biotherapy. Further pharmacological translational research and clinical trials are needed to evaluate theirs in vivo efficacy, possible side effects and toxicity. Polyphenols can be used to design a potential treatment in conjunction with existing cancer drug regimens such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eshita Sharma
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Dharam Chand Attri
- High Altitude Plant Physiology Research Centre (HAPPRC), HNB Garhwal University, Srinagar, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Priyanka Sati
- Graphic Era University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Praveen Dhyani
- Department of Biotechnology, Kumaun University, Nainital, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Agnieszka Szopa
- Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Azuay, Cuenca, Ecuador
- *Correspondence: Javad Sharifi-Rad, ; Christophe Hano, ; Daniela Calina, ; William C. Cho,
| | - Christophe Hano
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Orleans, Eure et Loir Campus, Chartres, France
- *Correspondence: Javad Sharifi-Rad, ; Christophe Hano, ; Daniela Calina, ; William C. Cho,
| | - Daniela Calina
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, Romania
- *Correspondence: Javad Sharifi-Rad, ; Christophe Hano, ; Daniela Calina, ; William C. Cho,
| | - William C. Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- *Correspondence: Javad Sharifi-Rad, ; Christophe Hano, ; Daniela Calina, ; William C. Cho,
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Combination Anticancer Therapies Using Selected Phytochemicals. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27175452. [PMID: 36080219 PMCID: PMC9458090 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is still one of the most widespread diseases globally, it is considered a vital health challenge worldwide and one of the main barriers to long life expectancy. Due to the potential toxicity and lack of selectivity of conventional chemotherapeutic agents, discovering alternative treatments is a top priority. Plant-derived natural products have high potential in cancer treatment due to their multiple mechanisms of action, diversity in structure, availability in nature, and relatively low toxicity. In this review, the anticancer mechanisms of the most common phytochemicals were analyzed. Furthermore, a detailed discussion of the anticancer effect of combinations consisting of natural product or natural products with chemotherapeutic drugs was provided. This review should provide a strong platform for researchers and clinicians to improve basic and clinical research in the development of alternative anticancer medicines.
Collapse
|
23
|
Synergism Potentiates Oxidative Antiproliferative Effects of Naringenin and Quercetin in MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14163437. [PMID: 36014942 PMCID: PMC9412616 DOI: 10.3390/nu14163437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequently diagnosed type of cancer as of 2020. Quercetin (Que) and Naringenin (Nar) are predominantly found in citrus fruits and vegetables and have shown promising antiproliferative effects in multiple studies. It is also known that the bioactive effects of these flavonoids are more pronounced in whole fruit than in isolation. This study investigates the potential synergistic effects of Que and Nar (CoQN) in MCF-7 BC cells. MCF-7 cells were treated with a range of concentrations of Que, Nar or CoQN to determine cell viability. The IC50 of CoQN was then used to investigate caspase 3/7 activity, Bcl-2 gene expression, lipid peroxidation and mitochondrial membrane potential to evaluate oxidative stress and apoptosis. CoQN treatment produced significant cytotoxicity, reduced Bcl-2 gene expression and increased caspase 3/7 activity compared to either Nar or Que. Furthermore, CoQN significantly increased lipid peroxidation and reduced mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) compared to either Nar or Que. Therefore, CoQN treatment has potential pharmacological application in BC chemotherapy by inducing oxidative stress and apoptosis in MCF-7 BC cells. The results of this study support the increased consumption of whole fruits and vegetables to reduce cell proliferation in cancer.
Collapse
|
24
|
Asgharian P, Tazekand AP, Hosseini K, Forouhandeh H, Ghasemnejad T, Ranjbar M, Hasan M, Kumar M, Beirami SM, Tarhriz V, Soofiyani SR, Kozhamzharova L, Sharifi-Rad J, Calina D, Cho WC. Potential mechanisms of quercetin in cancer prevention: focus on cellular and molecular targets. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:257. [PMID: 35971151 PMCID: PMC9380290 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02677-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past few years, the cancer-related disease has had a high mortality rate and incidence worldwide, despite clinical advances in cancer treatment. The drugs used for cancer therapy, have high side effects in addition to the high cost. Subsequently, to reduce these side effects, many studies have suggested the use of natural bioactive compounds. Among these, which have recently attracted the attention of many researchers, quercetin has such properties. Quercetin, a plant flavonoid found in fresh fruits, vegetables and citrus fruits, has anti-cancer properties by inhibiting tumor proliferation, invasion, and tumor metastasis. Several studies have demonstrated the anti-cancer mechanism of quercetin, and these mechanisms are controlled through several signalling pathways within the cancer cell. Pathways involved in this process include apoptotic, p53, NF-κB, MAPK, JAK/STAT, PI3K/AKT, and Wnt/β-catenin pathways. In addition to regulating these pathways, quercetin controls the activity of oncogenic and tumor suppressor ncRNAs. Therefore, in this comprehensive review, we summarized the regulation of these signalling pathways by quercetin. The modulatory role of quercetin in the expression of various miRNAs has also been discussed. Understanding the basic anti-cancer mechanisms of these herbal compounds can help prevent and manage many types of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Parina Asgharian
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Abbas Pirpour Tazekand
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Kamran Hosseini
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Haleh Forouhandeh
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Tohid Ghasemnejad
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Ranjbar
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Muzaffar Hasan
- Agro Produce Processing Division, ICAR—Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Bhopal, 462038 India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Chemical and Biochemical Processing Division, ICAR—Central Institute for Research on Cotton Technology, Mumbai, 400019 India
| | - Sohrab Minaei Beirami
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahideh Tarhriz
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saiedeh Razi Soofiyani
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Sina Educational, Research, and Treatment Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | | | - Daniela Calina
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - William C. Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Food-Grade Quercetin-Loaded Nanoemulsion Ameliorates Effects Associated with Parkinson's Disease and Cancer: Studies Employing a Transgenic C. elegans Model and Human Cancer Cell Lines. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11071378. [PMID: 35883869 PMCID: PMC9312062 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11071378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A nanosized food-grade quercetin-loaded nanoemulsion (QNE) system comprising capmul MCM NF (oil) and cremophor RH 40 (surfactant) was developed using a high-speed homogenization technique. The developed QNE was studied for its significant neuroprotective (anti-Parkinsonism) and cytotoxicity (anticancer) effects against Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) strains and human cancer cells, respectively. HR-TEM studies revealed that the QNE was spherical with a mean globule size of ~50 nm. Selected area electron diffraction (SAED) studies results demonstrated that QNE was amorphous. In vivo results show that QNE potentially reduced the α-Syn aggregation, increased mitochondrial and fat content, and improved the lifespan in transgenic C. elegans strain NL5901. QNE significantly downregulated the reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in wild-type C. elegans strain N2. In vitro results of the MTT assay show that QNE significantly exhibited chemotherapeutic effects in all treated human cancer cells in an order of cytotoxicity: HeLa cells > A549 cells > MIA PaCa-2 cells, based on the IC50 values at 24 h. Conclusively, the QNE showed improved solubility, targetability, and neuroprotective effects against the PD-induced C. elegans model, and also cytotoxicity against human cancer cells and could be potentially used as an anti-Parkinson’s or anticancer agent.
Collapse
|
26
|
Michala AS, Pritsa A. Quercetin: A Molecule of Great Biochemical and Clinical Value and Its Beneficial Effect on Diabetes and Cancer. Diseases 2022; 10:37. [PMID: 35892731 PMCID: PMC9326669 DOI: 10.3390/diseases10030037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Quercetin belongs to the broader category of polyphenols. It is found, in particular, among the flavonols, and along with kaempferol, myricetin and isorhamnetin, it is recognized as a foreign substance after ingestion in contrast to vitamins. Quercetin occurs mainly linked to sugars with the most common compounds being quercetin-3-O-glucoside or as an aglycone, especially in the plant population. The aim of this review is to present a recent bibliography on the mechanisms of quercetin absorption and metabolism, bioavailability, and antioxidant and the clinical effects in diabetes and cancer. The literature reports a positive effect of quercetin on oxidative stress, cancer, and the regulation of blood sugar levels. Moreover, research-administered drug dosages of up to 2000 mg per day showed mild to no symptoms of overdose. It should be noted that quercetin is no longer considered a carcinogenic substance. The daily intake of quercetin in the diet ranges 10 mg-500 mg, depending on the type of products consumed. This review highlights that quercetin is a valuable dietary antioxidant, although a specific daily recommended intake for this substance has not yet been determined and further studies are required to decide a beneficial concentration threshold.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Agathi Pritsa
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University (IHU), P.O. 141 Sindos, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Yadav N, Tripathi AK, Parveen A, Parveen S, Banerjee M. PLGA-Quercetin Nano-Formulation Inhibits Cancer Progression via Mitochondrial Dependent Caspase-3,7 and Independent FoxO1 Activation with Concomitant PI3K/AKT Suppression. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:1326. [PMID: 35890222 PMCID: PMC9323198 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14071326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Quercetin is one of the most important plant flavanols, having several pharmacological and biological uses. Quercetin (Q) is an extremely hydrophobic phytochemical and has poor intracellular absorption, which makes its use limited. Present research demonstrates that quercetin-loaded PLGA nanoparticles (PLGA-QNPs) could overcome its low hydrophilicity and improve its anti-cancer potential. PLGA nanoparticles loaded with Q were prepared by the solvent evaporation technique and its anticancer activity was examined in vitro as well as in vivo. The cell viability was assessed through MTT assay and apoptosis was assayed through Hoechst-PI and EB/AO double staining followed by mitochondrial damage through Mito-tracker RMX-Ros. Gene expression was examined through RT-PCR. Cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase was analyzed through FACS. The results obtained revealed that PLGA-QNPs significantly reduced the viability of human cervical and breast cancer cell lines. PLGA-QNPs induced apoptosis in human cervical cancer cells in a dose dependent manner. The gene expression of PI3K/AKT was down-regulated and FoxO1 was upregulated in PLGA-QNP-treated cells, which showed a high expression level of active Caspase-3 and 7, which are responsible for apoptosis. In addition, PLGA-QNPs reduced the average number of tumors and prolonged the tumor latency period in DMBA-induced mammary adenocarcinoma SD rats. These findings suggest that PLGA-QNPs inhibit cervical and breast cancer progression via mitochondrial dependent Caspase-3 and 7 and mitochondrial independent FoxO1 activation with concomitant suppression of the PI3K/AKT pathway. For future studies, we suggest that potential druggability efficacy and clinical development of anticancer PLGA-QNPs need to be evaluated intensely for successful anticancer drug development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neera Yadav
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, #191, Hambakmoeiro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Korea;
- Molecular and Human Genetics Lab, Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226007, India;
| | - Amit Kumar Tripathi
- Electrophysiology Lab, School of Biomedical Engineering, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India;
| | - Amna Parveen
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, #191, Hambakmoeiro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Korea;
| | - Shama Parveen
- Molecular and Human Genetics Lab, Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226007, India;
| | - Monisha Banerjee
- Molecular and Human Genetics Lab, Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226007, India;
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Luteolin Causes 5'CpG Demethylation of the Promoters of TSGs and Modulates the Aberrant Histone Modifications, Restoring the Expression of TSGs in Human Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23074067. [PMID: 35409426 PMCID: PMC8999529 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23074067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer progression is linked to abnormal epigenetic alterations such as DNA methylation and histone modifications. Since epigenetic alterations, unlike genetic changes, are heritable and reversible, they have been considered as interesting targets for cancer prevention and therapy by dietary compounds such as luteolin. In this study, epigenetic modulatory behaviour of luteolin was analysed on HeLa cells. Various assays including colony forming and migration assays, followed by biochemical assays of epigenetic enzymes including DNA methyltransferase, histone methyl transferase, histone acetyl transferase, and histone deacetylases assays were performed. Furthermore, global DNA methylation and methylation-specific PCR for examining the methylation status of CpG promoters of various tumour suppressor genes (TSGs) and the expression of these TSGs at transcript and protein level were performed. It was observed that luteolin inhibited migration and colony formation in HeLa cells. It also modulated DNA methylation at promoters of TSGs and the enzymatic activity of DNMT, HDAC, HMT, and HAT and reduced the global DNA methylation. Decrease in methylation resulted in the reactivation of silenced tumour suppressor genes including FHIT, DAPK1, PTEN, CDH1, SOCS1, TIMPS, VHL, TP53, TP73, etc. Hence, luteolin-targeted epigenetic alterations provide a promising approach for cancer prevention and intervention.
Collapse
|
29
|
Li K, Zang X, Meng X, Li Y, Xie Y, Chen X. Targeted delivery of quercetin by biotinylated mixed micelles for non-small cell lung cancer treatment. Drug Deliv 2022; 29:970-985. [PMID: 35343862 PMCID: PMC8967198 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2022.2055225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death world-wide and its treatment remains a challenge in clinic, especially for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Thus, more effective therapeutic strategies are required for NSCLC treatment. Quercetin (Que) as a natural flavonoid compound has gained increasing interests due to its anticancer activity. However, poor water solubility, low bioavailability, short half-life, and weak tumor accumulation hinder in vivo applications and antitumor effects of Que. In this study, we developed Que-loaded mixed micelles (Que-MMICs) assembled from 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine–poly(ethylene glycol)–biotin (DSPE–PEG–biotin) and poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate–poly[2-(dimethylamino) ethyl acrylate]–polycaprolactone (PEGMA–PDMAEA–PCL) for NSCLC treatment. The results showed that Que was efficiently encapsulated into the mixed micelles and the encapsulation efficiency (EE) was up to 85.7%. Cellular uptake results showed that biotin conjugation significantly improved 1.2-fold internalization of the carrier compared to that of non-targeted mixed micelles. In vitro results demonstrated that Que-MMICs could improve cytotoxicity (IC50 = 7.83 μg/mL) than Que-MICs (16.15 μg/mL) and free Que (44.22 μg/mL) to A549 cells, which efficiently induced apoptosis and arrested cell cycle. Furthermore, Que-MMICs showed satisfactory tumor targeting capability and antitumor efficacy possibly due to the combination of enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) and active targeting effect. Collectively, Que-MMICs demonstrated high accumulation at tumor site and exhibited superior anticancer activity in NSCLC bearing mice model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kangkang Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University,Qingdao, China
| | - Xinlong Zang
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University,Qingdao, China
| | | | - Yanfeng Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University,Qingdao, China
| | - Yi Xie
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University,Qingdao, China
| | - Xuehong Chen
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University,Qingdao, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Kaempferol Regresses Carcinogenesis through a Molecular Cross Talk Involved in Proliferation, Apoptosis and Inflammation on Human Cervical Cancer Cells, HeLa. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12063155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Kaempferol, a flavonoid, contains a plethora of therapeutic properties and has demonstrated its efficacy against cancer. This study aims to unravel the molecular targets that are being modulated by kaempferol on HeLa cells. Various assays were performed, namely: MTT assay, flow cytometry to analyze DNA content and quantitate apoptosis. Quantitative PCR and protein profiling were performed to evaluate the modulated manifestation of different genes involved in apoptosis, cell growth and inflammation. Kaempferol exhibited reduction in cell viability of HeLa cells (IC50 = 50 µM 48 h), whereas it did not show any significant effect on viability of the AC-16 cell line. Kaempferol-impacted apoptosis was definitive, as it induced DNA fragmentation, caused disruption of membrane potential, accumulation of cells in the G2-M phase and augmented early apoptosis. Consistently, kaempferol induced apoptosis in HeLa cells by modulating the expression of various genes at both transcript and protein levels. It upregulated the expression of pro-apoptotic genes, including APAF1, BAX, BAD, Caspases 3, and 9, etc., at the transcript level and Bad, Bax, p27, p53, p21, Caspases 3 and 8 etc. at the protein level, while it downregulated the expression of pro-survival gene BCL-2, BIRC8, MCL-1, XIAP, and NAIP at the transcript level and Bcl-2, XIAP, Livin, clap-2 at the protein level. Kaempferol attenuated oxidative stress by upregulating GSH activity and anti-inflammatory response by suppressing NF-kB pathways. Moreover, kaempferol averted rampant cell division and induced apoptosis by modulating AKT/MTOR and MAP kinase pathways. Hence, kaempferol can be considered as a natural therapeutic agent with a differential profile.
Collapse
|
31
|
The Anti-Cancer Effects of Red-Pigmented Foods: Biomarker Modulation and Mechanisms Underlying Cancer Progression. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12052584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is one the most malignant diseases that is a leading cause of death worldwide. Vegetables and fruits contain beneficial nutrients such as vitamins, minerals, folates, dietary fibers, and various natural bioactive compounds. These can prevent the pathological processes of many cancers and reduce cancer related mortality. Specifically, the anti-cancer effect of vegetables and fruits is largely attributable to the natural bioactive compounds present within them. A lot of bioactive compounds have very specific colors with pigments and the action of them in the human body varies by their color. Red-pigmented foods, such as apples, oranges, tomatoes, cherries, grapes, berries, and red wine, have been widely reported to elicit beneficial effects and have been investigated for their anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidative properties, as well as anti-cancer effect. Most of the anti-cancer effects of bioactive compounds in red-pigmented foods arise from the suppression of cancer cell invasion and metastasis, as well as the induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. In this review, we assessed publications from the last 10 years and identified 10 bioactive compounds commonly studied in red-pigmented foods: lycopene, anthocyanin, β-carotene, pectin, betaine, rutin, ursolic acid, kaempferol, quercetin, and myricetin. We focused on the mechanisms and targets underlying the anti-cancer effect of the compounds and provided rationale for further investigation of the compounds to develop more potent anti-cancer treatment methods.
Collapse
|
32
|
Raina R, Almutary AG, Bagabir SA, Afroze N, Fagoonee S, Haque S, Hussain A. Chrysin Modulates Aberrant Epigenetic Variations and Hampers Migratory Behavior of Human Cervical (HeLa) Cells. Front Genet 2022; 12:768130. [PMID: 35096000 PMCID: PMC8790538 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.768130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Plant-derived phytochemicals have shown epigenetic modulatory effect in different types of cancer by reversing the pattern of DNA methylation and chromatin modulation, thereby restoring the function of silenced tumor-suppressor genes. In the present study, attempts have been made to explore chrysin-mediated epigenetic alterations in HeLa cells. Methods: Colony formation and migration assays followed by methylation-specific PCR for examining the methylation status of CpG promoters of various tumor-suppressor genes (TSGs) and the expression of these TSGs at the transcript and protein levels were performed. Furthermore, global DNA methylation; biochemical activities of DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs), histone methyl transferases (HMTs), histone deacetylases (HDACs), and histone acetyl transferases (HATs) along with the expression analysis of chromatin-modifying enzymes; and H3 and H4 histone modification marks analyses were performed after chrysin treatment. Results: The experimental analyses revealed that chrysin treatment encourages cytostatic behavior as well as inhibits the migration capacity of HeLa cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Chrysin reduces the methylation of various tumor-suppressor genes, leading to their reactivation at mRNA and protein levels. The expression levels of various chromatin-modifying enzymes viz DNMTs, HMTs, HDACs, and HATS were found to be decreased, and H3 and H4 histone modification marks were modulated too. Also, reduced global DNA methylation was observed following the treatment of chrysin. Conclusion: This study concludes that chrysin can be used as a potential epigenetic modifier for cancer treatment and warrants for further experimental validation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ritu Raina
- School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Abdulmajeed G Almutary
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sali Abubaker Bagabir
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nazia Afroze
- School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sharmila Fagoonee
- Molecular Biotechnology Center, Institute of Biostructure and Bioimaging (CNR), Turin, Italy
| | - Shafiul Haque
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.,Bursa Uludağ University Faculty of Medicine, Görükle Campus, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Arif Hussain
- School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Afroze N, Pramodh S, Shafarin J, Bajbouj K, Hamad M, Sundaram MK, Haque S, Hussain A. Fisetin Deters Cell Proliferation, Induces Apoptosis, Alleviates Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Human Cancer Cells, HeLa. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031707. [PMID: 35163629 PMCID: PMC8835995 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Fisetin, a flavonol profusely found in vegetables and fruits, exhibited a myriad of properties in preclinical studies to impede cancer growth. Purpose: This study was proposed to delineate molecular mechanisms through analysing the modulated expression of various molecular targets in HeLa cells involved in proliferation, apoptosis and inflammation. Methods: MTT assay, flow cytometry, nuclear morphology, DNA fragmentation and Annexin–Pi were performed to evaluate the anti-cancer potential of fisetin. Furthermore, qPCR and proteome profiler were performed to analyse the expression of variety of gene related to cell death, cell proliferation, oxidative stress and inflammation and cancer pathways. Results: Fisetin demonstrated apoptotic inducing ability in HeLa cells, which was quite evident through nuclear morphology, DNA ladder pattern, decreased TMRE fluorescent intensity, cell cycle arrest at G2/M and increased early and late apoptosis. Furthermore, fisetin treatment modulated pro-apoptotic genes such as APAF1, Bad, Bax, Bid and BIK at both transcript and protein levels and anti-apoptotic gene Bcl-2, BIRC8, MCL-1, XIAP/BIRC4, Livin/BIRC7, clap-2/BIRC3, etc. at protein levels to mitigate cell proliferation and induce apoptosis. Interestingly, the aforementioned alterations consequently led to an elevated level of Caspase-3, Caspase-8 and Caspase-9, which was found to be consistent with the transcript and protein level expression. Moreover, fisetin downregulated the expression of AKT and MAPK pathways to avert proliferation and enhance apoptosis of cancer cells. Fisetin treatment also improves oxidative stress and alleviates inflammation by regulating JAK-STAT/NF-kB pathways. Conclusion: Together, these studies established that fisetin deters human cervical cancer cell proliferation, enhances apoptosis and ameliorates inflammation through regulating various signalling pathways that may be used as a therapeutic regime for better cancer management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nazia Afroze
- School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education-Dubai Campus, Dubai P.O. Box 345050, United Arab Emirates; (N.A.); (M.K.S.)
| | - Sreepoorna Pramodh
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, College of Natural and Health Science, Zayed University, Dubai P.O. Box 19282, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Jasmin Shafarin
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates; (J.S.); (K.B.); (M.H.)
| | - Khuloud Bajbouj
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates; (J.S.); (K.B.); (M.H.)
| | - Mawieh Hamad
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates; (J.S.); (K.B.); (M.H.)
| | - Madhumitha Kedhari Sundaram
- School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education-Dubai Campus, Dubai P.O. Box 345050, United Arab Emirates; (N.A.); (M.K.S.)
| | - Shafiul Haque
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan P.O. Box 114, Saudi Arabia;
- Faculty of Medicine, Görükle Campus, Bursa Uludağ University, Nilüfer 16059, Turkey
| | - Arif Hussain
- School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education-Dubai Campus, Dubai P.O. Box 345050, United Arab Emirates; (N.A.); (M.K.S.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Ji H, Li K, Xu W, Li R, Xie S, Zhu X. Prediction of the Mechanisms by Which Quercetin Enhances Cisplatin Action in Cervical Cancer: A Network Pharmacology Study and Experimental Validation. Front Oncol 2022; 11:780387. [PMID: 35070983 PMCID: PMC8770278 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.780387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Yimucao has been used as an herbal medicine to treat gynecological diseases. Common genes of Yimucao active compounds were investigated using network pharmacology. The components and targets of Yimucao were retrieved from the TCMSP database. Cervical cancer targets were collected from GeneCards, TTD, DisGeNET, and KEGG. Cisplatin-related genes were downloaded from GeneWeaver. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was created using the STRING database. A drug-bioactive compound-disease-target network was constructed using Cytoscape. GO and KEGG analyses were performed to investigate common targets of quercetin and cisplatin in cervical cancer. We found that quercetin was the highly bioactive compound in Yimucao. The drug-bioactive compound-disease-target network contained 93 nodes and 261 edges. Drug-related key targets were identified, including EGFR, IL6, CASP3, VEGFA, MYC, CCND1, ERBB2, FOS, PPARG, and CASP8. Core targets were primarily related to the response to metal ions, cellular response to xenobiotic stimulus, and transcription factor complex. The KEGG pathway analysis revealed that quercetin and cisplatin may affect cervical cancer through platinum drug resistance and the p53 and HIF-1 pathways. Furthermore, quercetin combined with cisplatin downregulated the expression of EGFR, MYC, CCND1, and ERBB2 proteins and upregulated CASP8 expression in HeLa and SiHa cells. Functionally, quercetin enhanced cisplatin-induced anticancer activity in cervical cancer cells. Our results indicate that quercetin can be used to overcome cisplatin resistance in cervical cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Ji
- Center of Uterine Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy Research of Zhejiang Province, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Kehan Li
- Center of Uterine Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy Research of Zhejiang Province, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wenbin Xu
- Center of Uterine Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy Research of Zhejiang Province, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ruyi Li
- Center of Uterine Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy Research of Zhejiang Province, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shangdan Xie
- Center of Uterine Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy Research of Zhejiang Province, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xueqiong Zhu
- Center of Uterine Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy Research of Zhejiang Province, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Tezerji S, Nazari Robati F, Abdolazimi H, Fallah A, Talaei B. Quercetin's effects on colon cancer cells apoptosis and proliferation in a rat model of disease. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2022; 48:441-445. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2022.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
|
36
|
Potential Mechanisms of Plant-Derived Natural Products in the Treatment of Cervical Cancer. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11101539. [PMID: 34680171 PMCID: PMC8533981 DOI: 10.3390/biom11101539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the second most common gynecological malignancy globally; it seriously endangers women’s health because of its high morbidity and mortality. Conventional treatments are prone to drug resistance, recurrence and metastasis. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new drugs with high efficacy and low side effects to prevent and treat cervical cancer. In recent years, plant-derived natural products have been evaluated as potential anticancer drugs that preferentially kill tumor cells without severe adverse effects. A growing number of studies have shown that natural products can achieve practical anti-cervical-cancer effects through multiple mechanisms, including inhibition of tumor-cell proliferation, induction of apoptosis, suppression of angiogenesis and telomerase activity, enhancement of immunity and reversal of multidrug resistance. This paper reviews the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of plant-derived natural products on cervical cancer and provides references for developing anti-cervical-cancer drugs with high efficacy and low side effects.
Collapse
|
37
|
Jing L, Lin J, Yang Y, Tao L, Li Y, Liu Z, Zhao Q, Diao A. Quercetin inhibiting the PD-1/PD-L1 interaction for immune-enhancing cancer chemopreventive agent. Phytother Res 2021; 35:6441-6451. [PMID: 34560814 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoints has achieved significant positive results in the treatment of multiple cancers. Quercetin is one of the most abundant dietary flavonoids found in various vegetables and fruits, and has a wide range of biological activities including immunomodulation. Here we report that quercetin dihydrate was screened and shown to inhibit the PD-1/PD-L1 interaction. Treatment with quercetin dihydrate promoted the killing activity of T cells on MDA-MB-231 and NCI-H460 cancer cells. Experiments using the xenograft mouse model showed that the growth rate of tumor volumes and masses in the quercetin dihydrate-treated mice were decreased. Immunohistochemistry of the tumors showed that CD8, GZMB, and IFN-γ were increased in the quercetin dihydrate-treated mice. These results suggest that quercetin dihydrate attenuates the inhibitory effect of PD-L1 on T cells by inhibiting the PD-1/PD-L1 interaction, which has an exciting potential to be used as a cancer chemopreventive agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Jing
- Key Lab of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China.,School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, China
| | - Jieru Lin
- Key Lab of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Key Lab of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Li Tao
- Key Lab of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuyin Li
- Key Lab of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhenxing Liu
- Key Lab of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Qing Zhao
- Key Lab of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Aipo Diao
- Key Lab of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Mohammed HA, Sulaiman GM, Anwar SS, Tawfeeq AT, Khan RA, Mohammed SAA, Al-Omar MS, Alsharidah M, Rugaie OA, Al-Amiery AA. Quercetin against MCF7 and CAL51 breast cancer cell lines: apoptosis, gene expression and cytotoxicity of nano-quercetin. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2021; 16:1937-1961. [PMID: 34431317 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2021-0070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims: To evaluate the anti breast-cancer activity, biocompatibility and toxicity of poly(d,l)-lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA)-encapsulated quercetin nanoparticles (Q-PLGA-NPs). Materials & methods: Quercetin was nano-encapsulated by an emulsion-diffusion process, and the nanoparticles were fully characterized through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, x-ray diffractions, FESEM and zeta-sizer analysis. Activity against CAL51 and MCF7 cell lines were assessed by DNA fragmentation assays, fluorescence microscopy, and acridine-orange, and propidium-iodide double-stainings. Biocompatibility towards red blood cells and toxicity towards mice were also explored. Results: The Q-PLGA-NPs exhibited apoptotic activity against the cell lines. The murine in vivo studies showed no significant alterations in the liver and kidney's functional biomarkers, and no apparent abnormalities, or tissue damages were observed in the histological images of the liver, spleen, lungs, heart and kidneys. Conclusion: The study established the preliminary in vitro efficacy and in vivo safety of Q-PLGA-NPs as a potential anti-breast cancer formulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hamdoon A Mohammed
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim, 51452, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11371, Egypt
| | - Ghassan M Sulaiman
- Division of Biotechnology, Department of Applied Sciences, University of Technology, Baghdad,10066, Iraq
| | - Sahar S Anwar
- Division of Biotechnology, Department of Applied Sciences, University of Technology, Baghdad,10066, Iraq
| | - Amer T Tawfeeq
- Department of Molecular Biology, Iraqi Center for Cancer and Medical Genetics Research, Mustansiriyah University, PO Box 14022, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Riaz A Khan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim, 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salman A A Mohammed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim, 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohsen S Al-Omar
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim, 51452, Saudi Arabia.,Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, JUST, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Mansour Alsharidah
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Qassim, 51452, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Osamah Al Rugaie
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Unaizah, PO Box 991, Qassim, 51911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed A Al-Amiery
- Unit of Applied Sciences Research, Department of Applied Science, University of Technology, Baghdad,10066, Iraq.,Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi, Selangor, 43000, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Morris G, Gamage E, Travica N, Berk M, Jacka FN, O'Neil A, Puri BK, Carvalho AF, Bortolasci CC, Walder K, Marx W. Polyphenols as adjunctive treatments in psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders: Efficacy, mechanisms of action, and factors influencing inter-individual response. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 172:101-122. [PMID: 34062263 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The pathophysiology of psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders is complex and multifactorial. Polyphenols possess a range of potentially beneficial mechanisms of action that relate to the implicated pathways in psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders. The aim of this review is to highlight the emerging clinical trial and preclinical efficacy data regarding the role of polyphenols in mental and brain health, elucidate novel mechanisms of action including the gut microbiome and gene expression, and discuss the factors that may be responsible for the mixed clinical results; namely, the role of interindividual differences in treatment response and the potentially pro-oxidant effects of some polyphenols. Further clarification as part of larger, well conducted randomized controlled trials that incorporate precision medicine methods are required to inform clinical efficacy and optimal dosing regimens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gerwyn Morris
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Gamage
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Nikolaj Travica
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Michael Berk
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Felice N Jacka
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Adrienne O'Neil
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | | | - Andre F Carvalho
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Chiara C Bortolasci
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Ken Walder
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Wolfgang Marx
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Sundaram MK, Almutary AG, Alsulimani A, Ahmad SR, Somvanshi P, Bhardwaj T, Pellicano R, Fagoonee S, Hussain A, Haque S. Antineoplastic action of sulforaphane on HeLa cells by modulation of signaling pathways and epigenetic pathways. Minerva Med 2021; 112:792-803. [PMID: 34114450 DOI: 10.23736/s0026-4806.21.07656-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epigenetic modifications alter signaling and molecular pathways and are an important therapeutic target. This study examined the effect of sulforaphane on molecular targets in HeLa cells. METHODS Quantitative PCR of various molecular targets was performed. Activity of epigenetic enzymes was measured by ELISA and molecular docking analysis was conducted. Promoter methylation of some tumour suppressor genes was quantified using PCR based methylation array. In-silico protein-protein interaction network analysis was performed to understand the effect of transcriptional changes. RESULTS Quantitative PCR demonstrated the transcriptional modulation of genes involved in proliferation, metastasis, inflammation, signal transduction pathways and chromatin modifiers. Sulforaphane reduced the enzymatic activity of DNA methyl transferases, histone deacetylases and histone methyltransferases. Molecular docking results suggest that sulforaphane competitively inhibited several DNA methyl transferases and histone deacetylases. Promoter 5'CpG methylation levels of selected tumour suppressor genes was found to be reduced which correlated with their transcriptional increase as well modulation of epigenetic enzymes. Further, protein-protein interaction network analysis discerned the participation of genes towards cancer pathways. Functional enrichment and pathway-based analysis represented the modulation of epigenetic and signaling pathways on sulforaphane treatment. CONCLUSIONS The modulation in transcriptional status of epigenetic regulators, genes involved in tumorigenesis resulting in tumour suppressor genes demethylation and re-expression underscores the mechanism behind the anti-cancer effect of sulforaphane on HeLa cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Madhumitha K Sundaram
- School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Abdulmajeed G Almutary
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Alsulimani
- Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - S Rehan Ahmad
- Hiralal Mazumdar Memorial College of Women, Kolkata, India
| | - Pallavi Somvanshi
- School of Computational & Integrative Sciences (SC&IS), Jawaharlal Nehru University, JNU Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - Tulika Bhardwaj
- School of Computational & Integrative Sciences (SC&IS), Jawaharlal Nehru University, JNU Campus, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Sharmila Fagoonee
- Institute of Biostructure and Bioimaging (CNR), Molecular Biotechnology Center, Turin, Italy
| | - Arif Hussain
- School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Dubai, United Arab Emirates -
| | - Shafiul Haque
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Benameur T, Soleti R, Porro C. The Potential Neuroprotective Role of Free and Encapsulated Quercetin Mediated by miRNA against Neurological Diseases. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13041318. [PMID: 33923599 PMCID: PMC8073422 DOI: 10.3390/nu13041318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic neuroinflammation is a pathological condition of numerous central nervous system (CNS) diseases such as Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and many others. Neuroinflammation is characterized by the microglia activation and concomitant production of pro-inflammatory cytokines leading to an increasing neuronal cell death. The decreased neuroinflammation could be obtained by using natural compounds, including flavonoids known to modulate the inflammatory responses. Among flavonoids, quercetin possess multiple pharmacological applications including anti-inflammatory, antitumoral, antiapoptotic and anti-thrombotic activities, widely demonstrated in both in vitro and in vivo studies. In this review, we describe the recent findings about the neuroprotective action of quercetin by acting with different mechanisms on the microglial cells of CNS. The ability of quercetin to influence microRNA expression represents an interesting skill in the regulation of inflammation, differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis and immune responses. Moreover, in order to enhance quercetin bioavailability and capacity to target the brain, we discuss an innovative drug delivery system. In summary, this review highlighted an important application of quercetin in the modulation of neuroinflammation and prevention of neurological disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tarek Benameur
- College of Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Raffaella Soleti
- Univ Angers, Université de Nantes, Inserm, CRCINA, SFR ICAT, F-49800 Angers, France;
| | - Chiara Porro
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71121 Foggia, Italy
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Ghafouri-Fard S, Shabestari FA, Vaezi S, Abak A, Shoorei H, Karimi A, Taheri M, Basiri A. Emerging impact of quercetin in the treatment of prostate cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 138:111548. [PMID: 34311541 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Quercetin is a flavonoid agent detected in fruits and vegetables with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer effects. This flavonoid can suppress cell cycle transition and induce apoptosis in neoplastic cells. Therapeutic effects of quercetin have been assessed in diverse cancers including prostate cancer through the establishment of in vitro and in vivo experiments. Moreover, this agent might prevent the initiation of this type of cancer as it indirectly blocks the activity of promoters of two important genes in the pathogenesis of prostate cancer i.e. androgen receptor (AR) and prostate specific antigen (PSA). Several in vitro investigations have identified the differential influence of quercetin on normal prostate cells versus neoplastic cells, emphasizing its specific cytotoxic effects on cancerous cells. The most appreciated route of quercetin effect on prostate cancer cells is the detachment of Bax from Bcl-xL and the stimulation of caspase families. Besides, quercetin might enhance the effects of other therapeutic options against prostate cancer. For instance, a combination of TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) and quercetin has been recommended as a novel modality for the treatment of prostate cancer. These kinds of strategies might overcome resistance to apoptosis in cancer cells. In the current paper, we summarize the recent data about the preventive and therapeutic influences of quercetin in prostate cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Saba Vaezi
- Department of Nutrition, Marand Medical Science Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marand, Iran
| | - Atefe Abak
- Department of Medical Genetics, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamed Shoorei
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Arash Karimi
- Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Abbas Basiri
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Lee HS, Lee IH, Kang K, Park SI, Jung M, Yang SG, Kwon TW, Lee DY. A Comprehensive Understanding of the Anticancer Mechanisms of FDY2004 Against Cervical Cancer Based on Network Pharmacology. Nat Prod Commun 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x211004304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Herbal drugs are continuously being developed and used as effective therapeutics for various cancers, such as cervical cancer (CC); however, their mechanisms of action at a systemic level have not been explored fully. To study such mechanisms, we conducted a network pharmacological investigation of the anti-CC mechanisms of FDY2004, an herbal drug consisting of Moutan Radicis Cortex, Persicae Semen , and Rhei Radix et Rhizoma. We found that FDY2004 inhibited the viability of human CC cells. By performing pharmacokinetic evaluation and network analysis of the phytochemical components of FDY2004, we identified 29 bioactive components and their 116 CC-associated pharmacological targets. Gene ontology enrichment analysis showed that the modulation of cellular functions, such as apoptosis, growth, proliferation, and survival, might be mediated through the FDY2004 targets. The therapeutic targets were also key components of CC-associated oncogenic and tumor-suppressive pathways, including PI3K-Akt, human papillomavirus infection, IL-17, MAPK, TNF, focal adhesion, and viral carcinogenesis pathways. In conclusion, our data present a comprehensive insight for the mechanisms of the anti-CC properties of FDY2004.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ho-Sung Lee
- The Fore, Songpa-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Forest Hospital, Songpa-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Hee Lee
- The Fore, Songpa-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungrae Kang
- Forest Hospital, Songpa-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-In Park
- Forestheal Hospital, Songpa-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Minho Jung
- Forest Hospital, Songpa-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Gu Yang
- Kyunghee Naro Hospital, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Wook Kwon
- Forest Hospital, Songpa-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Yeon Lee
- The Fore, Songpa-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Forest Hospital, Songpa-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Almatroodi SA, Alsahli MA, Almatroudi A, Verma AK, Aloliqi A, Allemailem KS, Khan AA, Rahmani AH. Potential Therapeutic Targets of Quercetin, a Plant Flavonol, and Its Role in the Therapy of Various Types of Cancer through the Modulation of Various Cell Signaling Pathways. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26051315. [PMID: 33804548 PMCID: PMC7957552 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26051315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyphenolic flavonoids are considered natural, non-toxic chemopreventers, which are most commonly derived from plants, fruits, and vegetables. Most of these polyphenolics exhibit remarkable antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties. Quercetin (Qu) is a chief representative of these polyphenolic compounds, which exhibits excellent antioxidant and anticancer potential, and has attracted the attention of researchers working in the area of cancer biology. Qu can regulate numerous tumor-related activities, such as oxidative stress, angiogenesis, cell cycle, tumor necrosis factor, proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis. The anticancer properties of Qu mainly occur through the modulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), apoptosis, phosphatidyl inositol-3-kinase (P13K)/Akt (proteinase-kinase B)/mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin), MAPK (mitogen activated protein kinase)/ERK1/2 (extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2), and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways. The anticancer potential of Qu is documented in numerous in vivo and in vitro studies, involving several animal models and cell lines. Remarkably, this phytochemical possesses toxic activities against cancerous cells only, with limited toxic effects on normal cells. In this review, we present extensive research investigations aimed to discuss the therapeutic potential of Qu in the management of different types of cancers. The anticancer potential of Qu is specifically discussed by focusing its ability to target specific molecular signaling, such as p53, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), VEGF, signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT), PI3K/Akt, and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathways. The anticancer potential of Qu has gained remarkable interest, but the exact mechanism of its action remains unclear. However, this natural compound has great pharmacological potential; it is now believed to be a complementary—or alternative—medicine for the prevention and treatment of different cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saleh A. Almatroodi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51542, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.A.); (M.A.A.); (A.A.); (K.S.A.)
| | - Mohammed A. Alsahli
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51542, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.A.); (M.A.A.); (A.A.); (K.S.A.)
| | - Ahmad Almatroudi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51542, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.A.); (M.A.A.); (A.A.); (K.S.A.)
| | - Amit Kumar Verma
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 51542, India;
| | - Abdulaziz Aloliqi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51542, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Khaled S. Allemailem
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51542, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.A.); (M.A.A.); (A.A.); (K.S.A.)
| | - Amjad Ali Khan
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51542, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Arshad Husain Rahmani
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51542, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.A.); (M.A.A.); (A.A.); (K.S.A.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Plant-Derived Anticancer Compounds as New Perspectives in Drug Discovery and Alternative Therapy. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26041109. [PMID: 33669817 PMCID: PMC7922180 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26041109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the recent advances in the field of chemically synthetized pharmaceutical agents, nature remains the main supplier of bioactive molecules. The research of natural products is a valuable approach for the discovery and development of novel biologically active compounds possessing unique structures and mechanisms of action. Although their use belongs to the traditional treatment regimes, plant-derived compounds still cover a large portion of the current-day pharmaceutical agents. Their medical importance is well recognized in the field of oncology, especially as an alternative to the limitations of conventional chemotherapy (severe side effects and inefficacy due to the occurrence of multi-drug resistance). This review offers a comprehensive perspective of the first blockbuster chemotherapeutic agents of natural origin’s (e.g. taxol, vincristine, doxorubicin) mechanism of action using 3D representation. In addition is portrayed the step-by-step evolution from preclinical to clinical evaluation of the most recently studied natural compounds with potent antitumor activity (e.g. resveratrol, curcumin, betulinic acid, etc.) in terms of anticancer mechanisms of action and the possible indications as chemotherapeutic or chemopreventive agents and sensitizers. Finally, this review describes several efficient platforms for the encapsulation and targeted delivery of natural compounds in cancer treatment
Collapse
|
46
|
Xu W, Xie S, Chen X, Pan S, Qian H, Zhu X. Effects of Quercetin on the Efficacy of Various Chemotherapeutic Drugs in Cervical Cancer Cells. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2021; 15:577-588. [PMID: 33623367 PMCID: PMC7894806 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s291865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to investigate the effects of quercetin on the efficacy of various chemotherapeutic drugs in cervical cancer cells. Methods All drug experiments were performed in HeLa and SiHa cells. The cell viability was detected by Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, and cell proliferation was estimated by bromodeoxyuridine assay. CompuSyn software was utilized to calculate the combination index (CI) and evaluate the synergistic or antagonistic effect of quercetin with cisplatin, paclitaxel, 5-fluorouracil and doxorubicin on cell viability. Cell migration and invasion abilities were detected by transwell assays, and cell apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry. The expression levels of matrix metallopeptidase 2 (MMP2), ezrin, P-glycoprotein (P-Gp) and methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3) protein treated with various drugs were analyzed by Western blotting. Results Quercetin inhibited the viability of HeLa and SiHa cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The CI values of quercetin with cisplatin, paclitaxel, 5-fluorouracil and doxorubicin were <1, >1, >1 and >1, respectively. The effect of combination of quercetin and cisplatin on cell proliferation was stronger than their individual effects. Co-treatment group could inhibit more cell migration and invasion in contrast to single-drug group. Besides, quercetin combined with cisplatin group induced more cell apoptosis in contrast to single-drug group. The results of Western blotting showed that the expression levels of MMP2, ezrin, P-Gp and METTL3 in co-treatment group were lower than in cisplatin group, respectively. Conclusion Quercetin and cisplatin had synergistic inhibitory effect on cervical cancer cells. Quercetin might enhance the antitumor effect of cisplatin via inhibiting proliferation, migration and invasion and elevating apoptosis through weakening MMP2, ezrin, METTL3 and P-Gp expression of cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenbin Xu
- Center of Uterine Cancer Diagnosis & Therapy Research of Zhejiang Province, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, People's Republic of China
| | - Shangdan Xie
- Center of Uterine Cancer Diagnosis & Therapy Research of Zhejiang Province, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Chen
- Center of Uterine Cancer Diagnosis & Therapy Research of Zhejiang Province, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuya Pan
- Center of Uterine Cancer Diagnosis & Therapy Research of Zhejiang Province, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongfei Qian
- Center of Uterine Cancer Diagnosis & Therapy Research of Zhejiang Province, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueqiong Zhu
- Center of Uterine Cancer Diagnosis & Therapy Research of Zhejiang Province, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Zhao L, Wang H, Du X. The therapeutic use of quercetin in ophthalmology: recent applications. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 137:111371. [PMID: 33561647 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Quercetin is a natural flavonol antioxidant found in various plant sources and food samples. It is well known for its notable curative effects on the treatment of ophthalmic diseases due to various biological activities, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-fibrosis activities. This review will discuss the latest developments in therapeutic quercetin for the treatment of keratoconus, Graves' orbitopathy, ocular surface, cataracts, glaucoma, retinoblastoma, and other retinal diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lianghui Zhao
- Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261021, China; Qingdao Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China
| | - Hongwei Wang
- Qingdao Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China; State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China.
| | - Xianli Du
- Qingdao Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China; State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Woźniak M, Krajewski R, Makuch S, Agrawal S. Phytochemicals in Gynecological Cancer Prevention. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1219. [PMID: 33530651 PMCID: PMC7865323 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Gynecological cancer confers an enormous burden among women worldwide. Accumulating evidence points to the role of phytochemicals in preventing cervical, endometrial, and ovarian cancer. Experimental studies emphasize the chemopreventive and therapeutic potential of plant-derived substances by inhibiting the early stages of carcinogenesis or improving the efficacy of traditional chemotherapeutic agents. Moreover, a number of epidemiological studies have investigated associations between a plant-based diet and cancer risk. This literature review summarizes the current knowledge on the phytochemicals with proven antitumor activity, emphasizing their effectiveness and mechanism of action in gynecological cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Woźniak
- Department of Pathology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.W.); (S.M.)
| | - Rafał Krajewski
- Department and Clinic of Internal Medicine, Occupational Diseases, Hypertension and Clinical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Sebastian Makuch
- Department of Pathology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.W.); (S.M.)
| | - Siddarth Agrawal
- Department of Pathology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.W.); (S.M.)
- Department and Clinic of Internal Medicine, Occupational Diseases, Hypertension and Clinical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Dietary isothiocyanates inhibit cancer progression by modulation of epigenome. Semin Cancer Biol 2021; 83:353-376. [PMID: 33434642 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cell cycle, growth, survival and metabolism are tightly regulated together and failure in cellular regulation leads to carcinogenesis. Several signaling pathways like the PI3K, WNT, MAPK and NFKb pathway exhibit aberrations in cancer and help achieve hallmark capabilities. Clinical research and in vitro studies have highlighted the role of epigenetic alterations in cancer onset and development. Altered gene expression patterns enabled by changes in DNA methylation, histone modifications and RNA processing have proven roles in cancer hallmark acquisition. The reversible nature of epigenetic processes offers robust therapeutic targets. Dietary bioactive compounds offer a vast compendium of effective therapeutic moieties. Isothiocyanates (ITCs) sourced from cruciferous vegetables demonstrate anti-proliferative, pro-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, anti-migratory and anti-angiogenic effect against several cancers. ITCs also modulate the redox environment, modulate signaling pathways including PI3K, MAPK, WNT, and NFkB. They also modulate the epigenetic machinery by regulating the expression and activity of DNA methyltransferases, histone modifiers and miRNA. This further enhances their transcriptional modulation of key cellular regulators. In this review, we comprehensively assess the impact of ITCs such as sulforaphane, phenethyl isothiocyanate, benzyl isothiocyanate and allyl isothiocyanate on cancer and document their effect on various molecular targets. Overall, this will facilitate consolidation of the current understanding of the anti-cancer and epigenetic modulatory potential of these compounds and recognize the gaps in literature. Further, we discuss avenues of future research to develop these compounds as potential therapeutic entities.
Collapse
|
50
|
Raina R, Pramodh S, Rais N, Haque S, Shafarin J, Bajbouj K, Hamad M, Hussain A. Luteolin inhibits proliferation, triggers apoptosis and modulates Akt/mTOR and MAP kinase pathways in HeLa cells. Oncol Lett 2021; 21:192. [PMID: 33574931 PMCID: PMC7816384 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids, a subclass of polyphenols, have been shown to be effective against several types of cancer, by decreasing proliferation and inducing apoptosis. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to assess the anti-carcinogenic potential of luteolin on HeLa human cervical cancer cells, through the use of a cell viability assay, DNA fragmentation assay, mitochondrial membrane potential assay, cell cycle analysis using Annexin/PI staining and flow cytometry, gene expression analysis and a protein profiling array. Luteolin treatment exhibited cytotoxicity towards HeLa cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner, and its anti-proliferative properties were confirmed by accumulation of luteolin-treated cells in sub-G1 phases. Cytotoxicity induced by luteolin treatment resulted in apoptosis, which was mediated through depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane potential and DNA fragmentation. Furthermore, luteolin treatment increased the expression of various proapoptotic genes, including APAF1, BAX, BAD, BID, BOK, BAK1, TRADD, FADD, FAS, and Caspases 3 and 9, whereas the expression of anti-apoptotic genes, including NAIP, MCL-1 and BCL-2, was decreased. Cell cycle regulatory genes, including CCND1, 2 and 3, CCNE2, CDKN1A, CDKN2B, CDK4 and CDK2, were decreased following treatment. Expression of TRAILR2/DR5, TRAILR1/DR4, Fas/TNFRSF6/CD95 and TNFR1/TNFRSF1A, as well as pro-apoptotic proteins, including BAD, BAX and Cytochrome C were consistently increased, and the expression of antiapoptotic proteins, HIF1α, BCL-X, MCL1 and BCL2, were found to be decreased following treatment. Expression of AKT1 and 2, ELK1, PIK3C2A, PIK3C2B, MAPK14, MAP3K5, MAPK3 and MAPK1 was significantly decreased at the transcriptional level. Expression of GSK3b (p-ser9), PRAS 40 (p-Ther246), BAD (p-ser112), PTEN (p-ser380), AKT (p-ser473), ERK2 (p-Y185/Y187), RISK2 (p-ser386), P70S6k (p-Thr421/ser424), PDK1(p-ser241), ERK1 (p-T202/Y204) and MTOR (p-ser2448) was downregulated and expression of P53 (p-ser241) and P27(p-Thr198) was upregulated by luteolin in a dose-dependent manner, indicating its anti-proliferative and apoptosis enabling properties, and this may have been mediated via inhibition of the AKT and the MAPK pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ritu Raina
- School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sreepoorna Pramodh
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, College of Natural and Health Science, Zayed University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Naushad Rais
- School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Shafiul Haque
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jasmin Shafarin
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Khuloud Bajbouj
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mawieh Hamad
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Arif Hussain
- School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| |
Collapse
|