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Goleij P, Pourali G, Raisi A, Ravaei F, Golestan S, Abed A, Razavi ZS, Zarepour F, Taghavi SP, Ahmadi Asouri S, Rafiei M, Mousavi SM, Hamblin MR, Talei S, Sheida A, Mirzaei H. Role of Non-coding RNAs in the Response of Glioblastoma to Temozolomide. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04316-z. [PMID: 39023794 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04316-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Chemotherapy and radiotherapy are widely used in clinical practice across the globe as cancer treatments. Intrinsic or acquired chemoresistance poses a significant problem for medical practitioners and researchers, causing tumor recurrence and metastasis. The most dangerous kind of malignant brain tumor is called glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) that often recurs following surgery. The most often used medication for treating GBM is temozolomide chemotherapy; however, most patients eventually become resistant. Researchers are studying preclinical models that accurately reflect human disease and can be used to speed up drug development to overcome chemoresistance in GBM. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been shown to be substantial in regulating tumor development and facilitating treatment resistance in several cancers, such as GBM. In this work, we mentioned the mechanisms of how different ncRNAs (microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, circular RNAs) can regulate temozolomide chemosensitivity in GBM. We also address the role of these ncRNAs encapsulated inside secreted exosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pouya Goleij
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology, Sana Institute of Higher Education, Sari, Iran
- USERN Office, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Ghazaleh Pourali
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Arash Raisi
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ravaei
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Shahin Golestan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atena Abed
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Zahra Sadat Razavi
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Zarepour
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Seyed Pouya Taghavi
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Sahar Ahmadi Asouri
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Moein Rafiei
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Seyed Mojtaba Mousavi
- Department of Neuroscience and Addiction Studies, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, 2028, South Africa
| | - Sahand Talei
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Amirhossein Sheida
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
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Zakutansky PM, Ku L, Zhang G, Shi L, Li Y, Yao B, Bassell GJ, Read RD, Feng Y. Isoform balance of the long noncoding RNA NEAT1 is regulated by the RNA-binding protein QKI, governs the glioma transcriptome, and impacts cell migration. J Biol Chem 2024:107595. [PMID: 39032650 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (NEAT1) is involved in a variety of human cancers. Two overlapping NEAT1 isoforms, NEAT1_1 and NEAT1_2, are produced through mutually exclusive alternative 3' end formation. Previous studies extensively investigated NEAT1 dysregulation in tumors, but often failed to achieve distinct quantification of the two NEAT1 isoforms. Moreover, molecular mechanisms governing the biogenesis of NEAT1 isoforms and the functional impacts of their dysregulation in tumorigenesis remain poorly understood. In this study, we employed an isoform-specific quantification assay and found differential dysregulation of NEAT1 isoforms in patient-derived glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cells. We further showed usage of the NEAT1 proximal polyadenylation site (PAS) is a critical mechanism that controls glioma NEAT1 isoform production. CRISPR-Cas9-mediated PAS deletion reduced NEAT1_1 and reciprocally increased NEAT1_2, which enhanced nuclear paraspeckle formation in human glioma cells. Moreover, the utilization of the NEAT1 PAS is facilitated by the RNA binding protein Quaking (QKI), which binds to the proximal QKI response elements (QREs). Functionally, we identified transcriptomic changes and altered biological pathways caused by NEAT1 isoform imbalance in glioma cells, including the pathway for the regulation of cell migration. Finally, we demonstrated the forced increase of NEAT1_2 upon NEAT1 PAS deletion is responsible for driving glioma cell migration and promoting the expression of genes implicated in the regulation of cell migration. Together, our studies uncovered a novel mechanism that regulates NEAT1 isoforms and their functional impacts on the glioma transcriptome, which affect pathological pathways of glioma, represented by migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul M Zakutansky
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Graduate Program in Biochemistry, Cell, and Developmental Biology, Graduate Division of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA
| | - Li Ku
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Guannan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Liang Shi
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Yangping Li
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Bing Yao
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Gary J Bassell
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Renee D Read
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Yue Feng
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
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Nejadi Orang F, Abdoli Shadbad M. CircRNA and lncRNA-associated competing endogenous RNA networks in medulloblastoma: a scoping review. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:248. [PMID: 39010056 PMCID: PMC11251335 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-024-03427-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medulloblastoma is one of the common primary central nervous system (CNS) malignancies in pediatric patients. The main treatment is surgical resection preceded and/or followed by chemoradiotherapy. However, their serious side effects necessitate a better understanding of medulloblastoma biology to develop novel therapeutic options. MAIN BODY Circular RNA (circRNA) and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) regulate gene expression via microRNA (miRNA) pathways. Although growing evidence has highlighted the significance of circRNA and lncRNA-associated competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks in cancers, no study has comprehensively investigated them in medulloblastoma. For this aim, the Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and Embase were systematically searched to obtain the relevant papers published before 16 September 2023, adhering to the PRISMA-ScR statement. HOTAIR, NEAT1, linc-NeD125, HHIP-AS1, CRNDE, and TP73-AS1 are the oncogenic lncRNAs, and Nkx2-2as is a tumor-suppressive lncRNA that develop lncRNA-associated ceRNA networks in medulloblastoma. CircSKA3 and circRNA_103128 are upregulated oncogenic circRNAs that develop circRNA-associated ceRNA networks in medulloblastoma. CONCLUSION In summary, this study has provided an overview of the existing evidence on circRNA and lncRNA-associated ceRNA networks and their impact on miRNA and mRNA expression involved in various signaling pathways of medulloblastoma. Suppressing the oncogenic ceRNA networks and augmenting tumor-suppressive ceRNA networks can provide ample opportunities for medulloblastoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mahdi Abdoli Shadbad
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Long F, Li X, Pan J, Ye H, Di C, Huang Y, Li J, Zhou X, Yi H, Huang Q, Si J. The role of lncRNA NEAT1 in human cancer chemoresistance. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:236. [PMID: 38970092 PMCID: PMC11227196 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-024-03426-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy is currently one of the most effective methods in clinical cancer treatment. However, chemotherapy resistance is an important reason for poor chemotherapy efficacy and prognosis, which has become an urgent problem to be solved in the field of cancer chemotherapy. Therefore, it is very important to deeply study and analyze the mechanism of cancer chemotherapy resistance and its regulatory factors. Long non-coding RNA nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (LncRNA NEAT1) has been shown to be closely associated with chemotherapy resistance in cancer. NEAT1 induces cancer cell resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs by regulating cell apoptosis, cell cycle, drug transport and metabolism, DNA damage repair, EMT, autophagy, cancer stem cell characteristics, and metabolic reprogramming. This indicates that NEAT1 may be an important target to overcome chemotherapy resistance and is expected to be a potential biomarker to predict the effect of chemotherapy. This article summarizes the expression characteristics and clinical characteristics of NEAT1 in different cancers, and deeply discusses the regulatory role of NEAT1 in cancer chemotherapy resistance and related molecular mechanisms, aiming to clarify NEAT1 as a new target to overcome cancer chemotherapy resistance and the feasibility of chemotherapy sensitizers, with a view to providing a potential therapeutic direction for overcoming the dilemma of cancer resistance in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Long
- School of Basic Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xue Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jingyu Pan
- School of Basic Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hailin Ye
- School of Basic Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Cuixia Di
- Department of Medical Physics, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yong Huang
- School of Basic Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jiawei Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xuan Zhou
- School of Basic Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Huiyi Yi
- School of Basic Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Qiaozhen Huang
- School of Basic Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jing Si
- Department of Medical Physics, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.
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Hazra R, Debnath R, Tuppad A. Glioblastoma stem cell long non-coding RNAs: therapeutic perspectives and opportunities. Front Genet 2024; 15:1416772. [PMID: 39015773 PMCID: PMC11249581 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1416772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma poses a formidable challenge among primary brain tumors: its tumorigenic stem cells, capable of self-renewal, proliferation, and differentiation, contribute substantially to tumor initiation and therapy resistance. These glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs), resembling conventional stem and progenitor cells, adopt pathways critical for tissue development and repair, promoting uninterrupted tumor expansion. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), a substantial component of the human transcriptome, have garnered considerable interest for their pivotal roles in normal physiological processes and cancer pathogenesis. They display cell- or tissue-specific expression patterns, and extensive investigations have highlighted their impact on regulating GSC properties and cellular differentiation, thus offering promising avenues for therapeutic interventions. Consequently, lncRNAs, with their ability to exert regulatory control over tumor initiation and progression, have emerged as promising targets for innovative glioblastoma therapies. This review explores notable examples of GSC-associated lncRNAs and elucidates their functional roles in driving glioblastoma progression. Additionally, we delved deeper into utilizing a 3D in vitro model for investigating GSC biology and elucidated four primary methodologies for targeting lncRNAs as potential therapeutics in managing glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasmani Hazra
- University of New Haven, Biology and Environmental Science Department, West Haven, CT, United States
| | - Rinku Debnath
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
| | - Arati Tuppad
- University of New Haven, Biology and Environmental Science Department, West Haven, CT, United States
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Kciuk M, Yahya EB, Mohamed MMI, Abdulsamad MA, Allaq AA, Gielecińska A, Kontek R. Insights into the Role of LncRNAs and miRNAs in Glioma Progression and Their Potential as Novel Therapeutic Targets. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3298. [PMID: 37444408 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15133298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence supports that both long non-coding and micro RNAs (lncRNAs and miRNAs) are implicated in glioma tumorigenesis and progression. Poor outcome of gliomas has been linked to late-stage diagnosis and mostly ineffectiveness of conventional treatment due to low knowledge about the early stage of gliomas, which are not possible to observe with conventional diagnostic approaches. The past few years witnessed a revolutionary advance in biotechnology and neuroscience with the understanding of tumor-related molecules, including non-coding RNAs that are involved in the angiogenesis and progression of glioma cells and thus are used as prognostic biomarkers as well as novel therapeutic targets. The emerging research on lncRNAs and miRNAs highlights their crucial role in glioma progression, offering new insights into the disease. These non-coding RNAs hold significant potential as novel therapeutic targets, paving the way for innovative treatment approaches against glioma. This review encompasses a comprehensive discussion about the role of lncRNAs and miRNAs in gene regulation that is responsible for the promotion or the inhibition of glioma progression and collects the existing links between these key cancer-related molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Kciuk
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Genetics, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
| | - Esam Bashir Yahya
- Bioprocess Technology Division, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia
| | | | - Muhanad A Abdulsamad
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Sabratha University, Sabratha 00218, Libya
| | - Abdulmutalib A Allaq
- Faculty of Applied Science, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam 40450, Malaysia
| | - Adrianna Gielecińska
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Genetics, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
| | - Renata Kontek
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Genetics, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
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Villa GR, Chiocca EA. The Role of Long Noncoding Ribonucleic Acids in Glioblastoma: What the Neurosurgeon Should Know. Neurosurgery 2023; 92:1104-1111. [PMID: 36880757 DOI: 10.1227/neu.0000000000002449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A significant proportion of the human transcriptome, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play pivotal roles in several aspects of glioblastoma (GBM) pathophysiology including proliferation, invasion, radiation and temozolomide resistance, and immune modulation. The majority of lncRNAs exhibit tissue- and tumor-specific expression, lending them to be attractive targets for therapeutic translation. In recent years, unprecedented progress has been made toward our understanding of lncRNA in GBM. In this review, we discuss the function of lncRNAs, including specific lncRNAs that have critical roles in key aspects of GBM pathophysiology, and potential clinical relevance of lncRNAs for patients with GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genaro Rodriguez Villa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston , Massachusetts , USA
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Rajabi A, Kayedi M, Rahimi S, Dashti F, Mirazimi SMA, Homayoonfal M, Mahdian SMA, Hamblin MR, Tamtaji OR, Afrasiabi A, Jafari A, Mirzaei H. Non-coding RNAs and glioma: Focus on cancer stem cells. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2022; 27:100-123. [PMID: 36321132 PMCID: PMC9593299 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2022.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma and gliomas can have a wide range of histopathologic subtypes. These heterogeneous histologic phenotypes originate from tumor cells with the distinct functions of tumorigenesis and self-renewal, called glioma stem cells (GSCs). GSCs are characterized based on multi-layered epigenetic mechanisms, which control the expression of many genes. This epigenetic regulatory mechanism is often based on functional non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). ncRNAs have become increasingly important in the pathogenesis of human cancer and work as oncogenes or tumor suppressors to regulate carcinogenesis and progression. These RNAs by being involved in chromatin remodeling and modification, transcriptional regulation, and alternative splicing of pre-mRNA, as well as mRNA stability and protein translation, play a key role in tumor development and progression. Numerous studies have been performed to try to understand the dysregulation pattern of these ncRNAs in tumors and cancer stem cells (CSCs), which show robust differentiation and self-regeneration capacity. This review provides recent findings on the role of ncRNAs in glioma development and progression, particularly their effects on CSCs, thus accelerating the clinical implementation of ncRNAs as promising tumor biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Rajabi
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Kayedi
- Department of Radiology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Shiva Rahimi
- School of Medicine,Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Dashti
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Ali Mirazimi
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mina Homayoonfal
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Amin Mahdian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Michael R. Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa
| | - Omid Reza Tamtaji
- Electrophysiology Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Afrasiabi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ameneh Jafari
- Advanced Therapy Medicinal Product (ATMP) Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Proteomics Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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Roh J, Im M, Chae Y, Kang J, Kim W. The Involvement of Long Non-Coding RNAs in Glutamine-Metabolic Reprogramming and Therapeutic Resistance in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314808. [PMID: 36499136 PMCID: PMC9738059 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic alterations that support the supply of biosynthetic molecules necessary for rapid and sustained proliferation are characteristic of cancer. Some cancer cells rely on glutamine to maintain their energy requirements for growth. Glutamine is an important metabolite in cells because it not only links to the tricarboxylic acid cycle by producing α-ketoglutarate by glutaminase and glutamate dehydrogenase but also supplies other non-essential amino acids, fatty acids, and components of nucleotide synthesis. Altered glutamine metabolism is associated with cancer cell survival, proliferation, metastasis, and aggression. Furthermore, altered glutamine metabolism is known to be involved in therapeutic resistance. In recent studies, lncRNAs were shown to act on amino acid transporters and glutamine-metabolic enzymes, resulting in the regulation of glutamine metabolism. The lncRNAs involved in the expression of the transporters include the abhydrolase domain containing 11 antisense RNA 1, LINC00857, plasmacytoma variant translocation 1, Myc-induced long non-coding RNA, and opa interacting protein 5 antisense RNA 1, all of which play oncogenic roles. When it comes to the regulation of glutamine-metabolic enzymes, several lncRNAs, including nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1, XLOC_006390, urothelial cancer associated 1, and thymopoietin antisense RNA 1, show oncogenic activities, and others such as antisense lncRNA of glutaminase, lincRNA-p21, and ataxin 8 opposite strand serve as tumor suppressors. In addition, glutamine-dependent cancer cells with lncRNA dysregulation promote cell survival, proliferation, and metastasis by increasing chemo- and radio-resistance. Therefore, understanding the roles of lncRNAs in glutamine metabolism will be helpful for the establishment of therapeutic strategies for glutamine-dependent cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungwook Roh
- Department of Science Education, Korea National University of Education, Cheongju-si 28173, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Mijung Im
- Department of Science Education, Korea National University of Education, Cheongju-si 28173, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonsoo Chae
- Department of Science Education, Korea National University of Education, Cheongju-si 28173, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - JiHoon Kang
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Wanyeon Kim
- Department of Science Education, Korea National University of Education, Cheongju-si 28173, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biology Education, Korea National University of Education, Cheongju-si 28173, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-43-230-3750
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LncRNA HOXA-AS2 Promotes Temozolomide Resistance in Glioblastoma by Regulated miR-302a-3p/IGF1 Axis. Genet Res (Camb) 2022; 2022:3941952. [PMID: 36479381 PMCID: PMC9705095 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3941952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly prevalent brain tumor characterized by high rates of morbidity, recurrence, and mortality. While temozolomide (TMZ) is commonly used as a first-line treatment for this cancer, the emergence of TMZ resistance limits its utility. The long noncoding RNA HOXA-AS2 reportedly drives GBM progression, but whether it can influence therapeutic resistance to TMZ has yet to be established. Methods HOXA-AS2 expression was analyzed in TMZ-resistant and sensitive GBM tissue samples and cell lines by qPCR. A siRNA-based approach was used to knock down HOXA-AS2 in GBM cells, after which TMZ resistance was tested. Bioinformatics approaches were used to predict miRNA binding targets of HOXA-AS2, after which a series of luciferase reporter assay and rescue experiments with appropriate miRNA inhibitor/mimic constructs were performed to validate these predictions and to clarify the ability of HOXA-AS2 to regulate chemoresistant activity. Results TMZ-resistant GBM patients and cell lines exhibited increased HOXA-AS2 expression that was correlated with worse overall survival. Knocking down HOXA-AS2 increased the sensitivity of resistant GBM cells to TMZ. miR-302a-3p was identified as a HOXA-AS2 target confirmed through luciferase reporter assays and rescue experiments, and IGF1 was further identified as a confirmed miR-302a-3p target. In addition, HOXA-AS2 knockdown resulted in a corresponding drop in IGF1 expression consistent with indirect regulation mediated by miR-302a-3p. Conclusion In summary, these results highlight the role of HOXA-AS2 as a driver of TMZ resistance in GBM through its ability to regulate the miR-302a-3p/IGF1 signaling axis, highlighting this pathway as a promising target for the diagnosis, therapeutic sensitization, and/or treatment of affected patients.
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Yuan E, Liu K, Lee J, Tsung K, Chow F, Attenello FJ. Modulating glioblastoma chemotherapy response: Evaluating long non-coding RNA effects on DNA damage response, glioma stem cell function, and hypoxic processes. Neurooncol Adv 2022; 4:vdac119. [PMID: 36105389 PMCID: PMC9466271 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdac119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and aggressive primary adult brain tumor, with an estimated annual incidence of 17 000 new cases in the United States. Current treatments for GBM include chemotherapy, surgical resection, radiation therapy, and antiangiogenic therapy. However, despite the various therapeutic options, the 5-year survival rate remains at a dismal 5%. Temozolomide (TMZ) is the first-line chemotherapy drug for GBM; however, poor TMZ response is one of the main contributors to the dismal prognosis. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are nonprotein coding transcripts greater than 200 nucleotides that have been implicated to mediate various GBM pathologies, including chemoresistance. In this review, we aim to frame the TMZ response in GBM via exploration of the lncRNAs mediating three major mechanisms of TMZ resistance: (1) regulation of the DNA damage response, (2) maintenance of glioma stem cell identity, and (3) exploitation of hypoxia-associated responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edith Yuan
- Corresponding Author: Edith Yuan, BA, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1200 North State St. Suite 3300, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA ()
| | - Kristie Liu
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Justin Lee
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kathleen Tsung
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Frances Chow
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Frank J Attenello
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Tan S, Spear R, Zhao J, Sun X, Wang P. Comprehensive Characterization of a Novel E3-Related Gene Signature With Implications in Prognosis and Immunotherapy of Low-Grade Gliomas. Front Genet 2022; 13:905047. [PMID: 35832194 PMCID: PMC9271851 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.905047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Gliomas, a type of primary brain tumor, have emerged as a threat to global mortality due to their high heterogeneity and mortality. A low-grade glioma (LGG), although less aggressive compared with glioblastoma, still exhibits high recurrence and malignant progression. Ubiquitination is one of the most important posttranslational modifications that contribute to carcinogenesis and cancer recurrence. E3-related genes (E3RGs) play essential roles in the process of ubiquitination. Yet, the biological function and clinical significance of E3RGs in LGGs need further exploration. In this study, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened by three differential expression analyses of LGG samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. DEGs with prognostic significance were selected by the univariate Cox regression analysis and log-rank statistical test. The LASSO-COX method was performed to identify an E3-related prognostic signature consisting of seven genes AURKA, PCGF2, MAP3K1, TRIM34, PRKN, TLE3, and TRIM17. The Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) dataset was used as the validation cohort. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis showed that LGG patients in the low-risk group had significantly higher overall survival time than those in the high-risk group in both TCGA and CGGA cohorts. Furthermore, multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that the E3RG signature could be used as an independent prognostic factor. A nomogram based on the E3RG signature was then established and provided the prediction of the 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival probability of patients with LGGs. Moreover, DEGs were analyzed based on the risk signature, on which function analyses were performed. GO and KEGG analyses uncovered gene enrichment in extracellular matrix–related functions and immune-related biological processes in the high-risk group. GSEA revealed high enrichment in pathways that promote tumorigenesis and progression in the high-risk group. Furthermore, ESTIMATE algorithm analysis showed a significant difference in immune and stroma activity between high- and low-risk groups. Positive correlations between the risk signature and the tumor microenvironment immune cell infiltration and immune checkpoint molecules were also observed, implying that patients with the high-risk score may have better responses to immunotherapy. Overall, our findings might provide potential diagnostic and prognostic markers for LGG patients and offer meaningful insight for individualized treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shichuan Tan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Brain Research Institute, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ryan Spear
- Department of Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Juan Zhao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiulian Sun
- NHC Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Brain Research Institute, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Xiulian Sun, ; Pin Wang,
| | - Pin Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Xiulian Sun, ; Pin Wang,
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13
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Xiang Z, Lv Q, Zhang Y, Chen X, Guo R, Liu S, Peng X. Long non-coding RNA DDX11-AS1 promotes the proliferation and migration of glioma cells by combining with HNRNPC. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2022; 28:601-612. [PMID: 35614994 PMCID: PMC9109126 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2022.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Glioma is a malignant tumor of the central nervous system with complex pathogenesis, difficult operation, and a high postoperative recurrence rate. At present, there is still a lack of effective treatment. Long non-coding RNA DDX11 antisense RNA 1 (DDX11-AS1) has been shown to promote tumor development, such as hepatocellular carcinoma, esophageal cancer, etc. However, its molecular mechanism in glioma is poorly understood. In this study, we found that the expression of DDX11-AS1 was elevated in glioma tissues, and patients with high expression of DDX11-AS1 had poor prognosis. DDX11-AS1 was a potential prognostic marker. Functionally, DDX11-AS1 promoted glioma cell proliferation and migration. Mechanistically, DDX11-AS1 interacted with RNA-binding protein heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein C (HNRNPC) to promote Wnt/β-catenin and AKT pathways and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition process. In summary, our study manifests that the DDX11-AS1/HNRNPC axis may play a vital part in the occurrence and development of glioma, which provides new ideas and therapeutic targets for the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijin Xiang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Qiaoli Lv
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yujun Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Xueru Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Ren Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Shikun Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Xiangdong Peng
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
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14
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Luo Y, Yao Q. Circ_0085315 promotes cell proliferation, invasion, and migration in colon cancer through miR-1200/MAP3K1 signaling pathway. Cell Cycle 2022; 21:1194-1211. [PMID: 35230926 PMCID: PMC9103513 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2022.2044137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Colon cancer (CC) is a common malignant tumor of the digestive tract. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) play important roles in the progression of CC. This study aimed to explore the role and mechanism of circRNA_0085315 in CC. In this study, we used qRT-PCR and Western blot assays to analyze the expressions of circRNA, miRNA, and mRNA as well as the expression of the related proteins. Luciferase reporter, RNA pull-down, and qRT-PCR assays were used to prove the relationship among circRNA, miRNA, and mRNA. CCK-8, colony formation, and transwell assays were used to perform the analysis of cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Our results showed that the higher circRNA_0085315 expression led to the poorer prognosis of CC patients. The function of circRNA_0085315 as a ceRNA in competing with MAP3K1 mRNA to sponge miR-1200. CircRNA_0085315 sponged miR-1200 to promote cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and affected the expression of Ki67, MMP2, E-cadherin, and N-cadherin, but not circRNA_0085315-mut without the binding site of miR-1200. MAP3K1-overexpression or miR-1200 mimics prevented the suppression on the enhanced cell proliferation, migration, and invasion caused by circRNA_0085315-overexpression. circRNA_0085315 increased the phosphorylation levels of JNK, p38, and ERK1/2 by stimulating MAP3K1 up-regulation caused by miR-1200 inhibition. In conclusion, circRNA_0085315 serves as a ceRNA and promotes CC progression through the activation of the MAPK signaling pathway mediated via the miR-1200/MAP3K1 axis, suggesting that circRNA_0085315 may be a promising diagnostic and therapeutic target for CC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Luo
- Department of Geriatrics, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Qi Yao
- Department of Geriatrics, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China
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15
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Chen G, Shan X, Li L, Dong L, Huang G, Tao H. circHIPK3 regulates apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction induced by ischemic stroke in mice by sponging miR-148b-3p via CDK5R1/SIRT1. Exp Neurol 2022; 355:114115. [DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2022.114115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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16
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Zhou S, Niu R, Sun H, Kim SH, Jin X, Yin J. The MAP3K1/c-JUN signaling axis regulates glioblastoma stem cell invasion and tumor progression. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 612:188-195. [PMID: 35567901 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.04.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) stem cells (GSCs) are responsible for GBM initiation, progression, infiltration, standard therapy resistance, and recurrence. However, the mechanisms underlying GSC invasion remain incompletely understood. Using public single-cell RNA-Seq data, we identified MAP3K1 as a master regulator of infiltrative GSCs through c-JUN signaling regulation. MAP3K1 knockdown significantly decreased GSC invasion capacity, proliferation, and stemness in vitro. Moreover, in an orthotopic xenograft model, knockdown of MAP3K1 prominently suppressed GSC infiltration along the corpus callosum and tumor progression and prolonged mouse survival. Mechanistically, MAP3K1 regulates GSC invasion through phosphorylation of downstream c-JUN at serine 63 and 73, as confirmed using the CPTAC phosphoproteome dataset. Furthermore, the c-JUN inhibitor JNK-IN-8 significantly decreased GSC invasion, proliferation, and stemness. Taken together, our study demonstrates that MAP3K1 regulates GSC invasion and tumor progression via activation of c-JUN signaling and indicates that the MAP3K1/c-JUN signaling axis is a therapeutic target for infiltrative GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuchang Zhou
- Henan Key Laboratory of Brain Targeted Bio-Nanomedicine, School of Life Sciences & School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China; Henan-Macquarie University Joint Centre for Biomedical Innovation, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China
| | - Rui Niu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Brain Targeted Bio-Nanomedicine, School of Life Sciences & School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China; Henan-Macquarie University Joint Centre for Biomedical Innovation, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China
| | - Han Sun
- Henan Key Laboratory of Brain Targeted Bio-Nanomedicine, School of Life Sciences & School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China; Henan-Macquarie University Joint Centre for Biomedical Innovation, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China
| | - Sung-Hak Kim
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea.
| | - Xiong Jin
- Henan Key Laboratory of Brain Targeted Bio-Nanomedicine, School of Life Sciences & School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China; Henan-Macquarie University Joint Centre for Biomedical Innovation, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China.
| | - Jinlong Yin
- Henan Key Laboratory of Brain Targeted Bio-Nanomedicine, School of Life Sciences & School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China; Henan-Macquarie University Joint Centre for Biomedical Innovation, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China.
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17
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EZH2 as a new therapeutic target in brain tumors: Molecular landscape, therapeutic targeting and future prospects. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 146:112532. [PMID: 34906772 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain tumors are responsible for high mortality and morbidity worldwide. The brain tumor treatment depends on identification of molecular pathways involved in progression and malignancy. Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) has obtained much attention in recent years in field of cancer therapy due to its aberrant expression and capacity in modulating expression of genes by binding to their promoter and affecting methylation status. The present review focuses on EZH2 signaling in brain tumors including glioma, glioblastoma, astrocytoma, ependymomas, medulloblastoma and brain rhabdoid tumors. EZH2 signaling mainly participates in increasing proliferation and invasion of cancer cells. However, in medulloblastoma, EZH2 demonstrates tumor-suppressor activity. Furthermore, EZH2 can regulate response of brain tumors to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Various molecular pathways can function as upstream mediators of EZH2 in brain tumors including lncRNAs and miRNAs. Owing to its enzymatic activity, EZH2 can bind to promoter of target genes to induce methylation and affects their expression. EZH2 can be considered as an independent prognostic factor in brain tumors that its upregulation provides undesirable prognosis. Both anti-tumor agents and gene therapies such as siRNA have been developed for targeting EZH2 in cancer therapy.
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18
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Yin L, Wang Y. Long non-coding RNA NEAT1 facilitates the growth, migration, and invasion of ovarian cancer cells via the let-7 g/MEST/ATGL axis. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:437. [PMID: 34416900 PMCID: PMC8379830 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02018-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aim Growing evidence indicates a significant role of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) nuclear-enriched abundant transcript 1 (NEAT1) in ovarian cancer, a frequently occurring malignant tumor in women; however, the possible effects of an interplay of NEAT1 with microRNA (miRNA or miR) let-7 g in ovarian cancer are not known. The current study aimed to investigate the role of the NEAT1/let-7 g axis in the growth, migration, and invasion of ovarian cancer cells and explore underlying mechanisms. Methods NEAT1 expression levels were examined in clinical tissue samples and cell lines. The relationships between NEAT1, let-7 g, and MEST were then analyzed. Gain- or loss-of-function approaches were used to manipulate NEAT1 and let-7 g. The effects of NEAT1 on cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis were evaluated. Mouse xenograft models of ovarian cancer cells were established to verify the function of NEAT1 in vivo. Results NEAT1 expression was elevated while let-7 g was decreased in ovarian cancer clinical tissue samples and cell lines. A negative correlation existed between NEAT1 and let-7 g, whereby NEAT1 competitively bound to let-7 g and consequently down-regulate let-7 g expression. By this mechanism, the growth, migration, and invasion of ovarian cancer cells were stimulated. In addition, let-7 g targeted mesoderm specific transcript (MEST) and inhibited its expression, leading to promotion of adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) expression and inhibition of ovarian cancer cell growth, migration, and invasion. However, the effect of let-7 g was abolished by overexpression of MEST. Furthermore, silencing of NEAT1 decreased the xenograft tumor growth by decreasing MEST while up-regulating let-7 g and ATGL. Conclusions Cumulatively, the findings demonstrated that NEAT1 could promote malignant phenotypes of ovarian cancer cells by regulating the let-7 g/MEST/ATGL signaling axis. Therefore, NEAT1 can be regarded as an important molecular target and biomarker for ovarian cancer. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12935-021-02018-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Yin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110004, P.R. China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110004, P.R. China.
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19
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Momtazmanesh S, Rezaei N. Long Non-Coding RNAs in Diagnosis, Treatment, Prognosis, and Progression of Glioma: A State-of-the-Art Review. Front Oncol 2021; 11:712786. [PMID: 34322395 PMCID: PMC8311560 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.712786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioma is the most common malignant central nervous system tumor with significant mortality and morbidity. Despite considerable advances, the exact molecular pathways involved in tumor progression are not fully elucidated, and patients commonly face a poor prognosis. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have recently drawn extra attention for their potential roles in different types of cancer as well as non-malignant diseases. More than 200 lncRNAs have been reported to be associated with glioma. We aimed to assess the roles of the most investigated lncRNAs in different stages of tumor progression and the mediating molecular pathways in addition to their clinical applications. lncRNAs are involved in different stages of tumor formation, invasion, and progression, including regulating the cell cycle, apoptosis, autophagy, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, tumor stemness, angiogenesis, the integrity of the blood-tumor-brain barrier, tumor metabolism, and immunological responses. The well-known oncogenic lncRNAs, which are upregulated in glioma, are H19, HOTAIR, PVT1, UCA1, XIST, CRNDE, FOXD2-AS1, ANRIL, HOXA11-AS, TP73-AS1, and DANCR. On the other hand, MEG3, GAS5, CCASC2, and TUSC7 are tumor suppressor lncRNAs, which are downregulated. While most studies reported oncogenic effects for MALAT1, TUG1, and NEAT1, there are some controversies regarding these lncRNAs. Expression levels of lncRNAs can be associated with tumor grade, survival, treatment response (chemotherapy drugs or radiotherapy), and overall prognosis. Moreover, circulatory levels of lncRNAs, such as MALAT1, H19, HOTAIR, NEAT1, TUG1, GAS5, LINK-A, and TUSC7, can provide non-invasive diagnostic and prognostic tools. Modulation of expression of lncRNAs using antisense oligonucleotides can lead to novel therapeutics. Notably, a profound understanding of the underlying molecular pathways involved in the function of lncRNAs is required to develop novel therapeutic targets. More investigations with large sample sizes and increased focus on in-vivo models are required to expand our understanding of the potential roles and application of lncRNAs in glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Momtazmanesh
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.,Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.,Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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20
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Wang Y, Shan A, Zhou Z, Li W, Xie L, Du B, Lei B. LncRNA TCONS_00004099-derived microRNA regulates oncogenesis through PTPRF in gliomas. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:1023. [PMID: 34277823 PMCID: PMC8267291 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-2442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Background Glioblastoma is the most common and aggressive primary tumor in the central nervous system (CNS). Patients with glioblastomas have poor prognosis due to its aggressive clinical behavior and resistance to the chemotherapeutic agent temozolomide (TMZ). Aberrant long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in glioma progression and its regulatory mechanisms. Analysis of sequencing data identified a new lncRNA, named lncRNA TCONS_00004099, which could derive a new microRNA and was highly expressed in glioma. Methods To elucidate the role of lncRNA TCONS_00004099 in gliomas, Quantitative Real-time PCR (qPCR) was used to assess the differential expression of lncRNA TCONS_00004099 and its related miRNA in glioma tissues, normal brain tissues, glioma cell lines (U87 and U251 cells), and a normal human embryonic brain cell line (HEB). Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8) assays to assess cell proliferation, flow cytometry assays examining apoptosis and the cell cycle, colony formation assays, wound healing assay, transwell assays, and zebrafish xenograft models were performed to further clarify the effects of the lncRNA and the related miRNA. Finally, Western blots were carried out to verify the mechanisms related to PTPRF (Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Receptor Type F). Results LncRNA TCONS_00004099 was significantly increased in glioma tissues and glioma cell lines. A novel miRNA (miRNA TCONS_00004099) derived from the lncRNA was identified by qPCR. Knockdown of this lncRNA suppressed cell proliferation, migration, invasion and enhanced TMZ-induced apoptosis in U87 and U251 cell lines in vitro and in vivo. The miRNA mimics or inhibitor of miRNA TCONS_00004099 was used to reverse the effects of knockdown or overexpression of lncRNA TCONS_00004099, respectively. Western Blot analyses verified that PTPRF is one of the downstream targets of lncRNA TCONS_00004099. Conclusions These results demonstrated that lncRNA TCONS_00004099 promoted malignant behaviors in gliomas, including proliferation, metastasis, and anti-apoptosis. The effect of lncRNA TCONS_00004099 was mediated through miRNA TCONS_00004099 and its target PTPRF. Thus, the lncRNA TCONS_00004099/miRNA/PTPRF axis may be a potential therapeutic target for gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhao Wang
- Nosocomial Infection Control Center, People's Hospital of Shenzhen Baoan District, Shenzhen, China
| | - Aijun Shan
- Department of Emergency, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhiwei Zhou
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Wenpeng Li
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Du
- Department of Emergency, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bingxi Lei
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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21
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Mahinfar P, Baradaran B, Davoudian S, Vahidian F, Cho WCS, Mansoori B. Long Non-Coding RNAs in Multidrug Resistance of Glioblastoma. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:455. [PMID: 33806782 PMCID: PMC8004794 DOI: 10.3390/genes12030455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma, also known as glioblastoma multiforme, is the most aggressive brain tumor in adults. Despite the huge advance in developing novel therapeutic strategies for patients with glioblastoma, the appearance of multidrug resistance (MDR) against the common chemotherapeutic agents, including temozolomide, is considered as one of the important causes for the failure of glioblastoma treatment. On the other hand, recent studies have demonstrated the critical roles of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), particularly in the development of MDR in glioblastoma. Therefore, this article aimed to review lncRNA's contribution to the regulation of MDR and elucidate the underlying mechanisms in glioblastoma, which will open up new lines of inquiry in the treatment of glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvaneh Mahinfar
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166/15731, Iran; (P.M.); (B.B.); (F.V.)
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166/15731, Iran; (P.M.); (B.B.); (F.V.)
| | - Sadaf Davoudian
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center—IRCCS, 20089 Milan, Italy;
| | - Fatemeh Vahidian
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166/15731, Iran; (P.M.); (B.B.); (F.V.)
| | | | - Behzad Mansoori
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166/15731, Iran; (P.M.); (B.B.); (F.V.)
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark
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22
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Pang B, Quan F, Ping Y, Hu J, Lan Y, Pang L. Dissecting the Invasion-Associated Long Non-coding RNAs Using Single-Cell RNA-Seq Data of Glioblastoma. Front Genet 2021; 11:633455. [PMID: 33505440 PMCID: PMC7831882 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.633455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is characterized by rapid and lethal infiltration of brain tissue, which is the primary cause of treatment failure and deaths for GBM. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanisms of tumor cell invasion is crucial for the treatment of GBM. In this study, we dissected the single-cell RNA-seq data of 3345 cells from four patients and identified dysregulated genes including long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), which were involved in the development and progression of GBM. Based on co-expression network analysis, we identified a module (M1) that significantly overlapped with the largest number of dysregulated genes and was confirmed to be associated with GBM invasion by integrating EMT signature, experiment-validated invasive marker and pseudotime trajectory analysis. Further, we denoted invasion-associated lncRNAs which showed significant correlations with M1 and revealed their gradually increased expression levels along the tumor cell invasion trajectory, such as VIM-AS1, WWTR1-AS1, and NEAT1. We also observed the contribution of higher expression of these lncRNAs to poorer survival of GBM patients. These results were mostly recaptured in another validation data of 7930 single cells from 28 GBM patients. Our findings identified lncRNAs that played critical roles in regulating or controlling cell invasion and migration of GBM and provided new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying GBM invasion as well as potential targets for the treatment of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Pang
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Fei Quan
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yanyan Ping
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jing Hu
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yujia Lan
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Lin Pang
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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