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Qu Z, Dong J, Zhang ZY. Protein tyrosine phosphatases as emerging targets for cancer immunotherapy. Br J Pharmacol 2023:10.1111/bph.16304. [PMID: 38116815 PMCID: PMC11186978 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Contemporary strategies in cancer immunotherapy, despite remarkable success, remain constrained by inherent limitations such as suboptimal patient responses, the emergence of drug resistance, and the manifestation of pronounced adverse effects. Consequently, the need for alternative strategies for immunotherapy becomes clear. Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) wield a pivotal regulatory influence over an array of essential cellular processes. Substantial research has underscored the potential in targeting PTPs to modulate the immune responses and/or regulate antigen presentation, thereby presenting a novel paradigm for cancer immunotherapy. In this review, we focus on recent advances in genetic and biological validation of several PTPs as emerging targets for immunotherapy. We also highlight recent development of small molecule inhibitors and degraders targeting these PTPs as novel cancer immunotherapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Qu
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 720 Clinic Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Jiajun Dong
- Borch Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, 720 Clinic Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Zhong-Yin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 720 Clinic Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Borch Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, 720 Clinic Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Institute for Cancer Research, Purdue University, 720 Clinic Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, 720 Clinic Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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Xie F, Dong H, Zhang H. Regulatory Functions of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Receptor Type O in Immune Cells. Front Immunol 2021; 12:783370. [PMID: 34880876 PMCID: PMC8645932 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.783370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The members of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family are key regulators in multiple signal transduction pathways and therefore they play important roles in many cellular processes, including immune response. As a member of PTP family, protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type O (PTPRO) belongs to the R3 receptor-like protein tyrosine phosphatases. The expression of PTPRO isoforms is tissue-specific and the truncated PTPRO (PTPROt) is mainly observed in hematopoietic cells, including B cells, T cells, macrophages and other immune cells. Therefore, PTPROt may play an important role in immune cells by affecting their growth, differentiation, activation and immune responses. In this review, we will focus on the regulatory roles and underlying molecular mechanisms of PTPRO/PTPROt in immune cells, including B cells, T cells, and macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiling Xie
- Institute of Precision Cancer Medicine and Pathology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongmei Dong
- Institute of Precision Cancer Medicine and Pathology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Institute of Precision Cancer Medicine and Pathology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Minister of Education Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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Spalinger MR, Schwarzfischer M, Scharl M. The Role of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases in Inflammasome Activation. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E5481. [PMID: 32751912 PMCID: PMC7432435 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammasomes are multi-protein complexes that mediate the activation and secretion of the inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18. More than half a decade ago, it has been shown that the inflammasome adaptor molecule, ASC requires tyrosine phosphorylation to allow effective inflammasome assembly and sustained IL-1β/IL-18 release. This finding provided evidence that the tyrosine phosphorylation status of inflammasome components affects inflammasome assembly and that inflammasomes are subjected to regulation via kinases and phosphatases. In the subsequent years, it was reported that activation of the inflammasome receptor molecule, NLRP3, is modulated via tyrosine phosphorylation as well, and that NLRP3 de-phosphorylation at specific tyrosine residues was required for inflammasome assembly and sustained IL-1β/IL-18 release. These findings demonstrated the importance of tyrosine phosphorylation as a key modulator of inflammasome activity. Following these initial reports, additional work elucidated that the activity of several inflammasome components is dictated via their phosphorylation status. Particularly, the action of specific tyrosine kinases and phosphatases are of critical importance for the regulation of inflammasome assembly and activity. By summarizing the currently available literature on the interaction of tyrosine phosphatases with inflammasome components we here provide an overview how tyrosine phosphatases affect the activation status of inflammasomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne R. Spalinger
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland; (M.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Marlene Schwarzfischer
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland; (M.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Michael Scharl
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland; (M.S.); (M.S.)
- Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, 8006 Zurich, Switzerland
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Wu L, Gao A, Lei Y, Li J, Mai K, Ye J. SHP1 tyrosine phosphatase gets involved in host defense against Streptococcus agalactiae infection and BCR signaling pathway in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 99:562-571. [PMID: 32109611 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Src homology 2 domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 1 (SHP1), a kind of protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs), is a critical regulator of antigen receptor signal transduction. Signal transduction of BCR is regulated by phosphatases in teleost as in mammals. In this study, SHP1 from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) (OnSHP1) was identified and characterized, including the expression pattern against bacterial infection and regulation function in BCR signaling pathway. The open reading frame of OnSHP1 contains 1749 bp of nucleotide sequence, encoding a protein of 582 amino acids. The OnSHP1 protein was highly conversed compared to that of other species, including two amino-terminal SH2 domains at the N terminus and a PTP catalytic domain. Transcriptional expression analysis revealed that OnSHP1 was detected in all examined tissues and highly expressed in spleen. The up-regulated OnSHP1 expression was observed in peripheral blood, spleen and anterior kidney following challenge with Streptococcus agalactiae or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in vivo, as well as that displayed in leukocytes stimulated with S. agalactiae or LPS in vitro. Further, after induction with mouse anti-tilapia IgM monoclonal antibody in vitro, OnSHP1 was significantly up-regulated in leukocytes. When spleen leukocytes treated with PTP Inhibitor II in vitro, the phosphorylation level of OnSHP1 at the phosphorylation sites (Y535 and Y557) and the cytoplasmic free Ca2+ concentration were up-regulated significantly. Overall, the findings of this study indicate that SHP1 gets involved in host defense against bacterial infection and BCR signaling pathway in Nile tilapia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liting Wu
- Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China
| | - Along Gao
- Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China
| | - Yang Lei
- Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China
| | - Jun Li
- School of Biological Sciences, Lake Superior State University, Sault Ste. Marie, MI, 49783, USA
| | - Kangsen Mai
- Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China
| | - Jianmin Ye
- Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China.
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Lanitis E, Dangaj D, Irving M, Coukos G. Mechanisms regulating T-cell infiltration and activity in solid tumors. Ann Oncol 2018; 28:xii18-xii32. [PMID: 29045511 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 246] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
T-lymphocytes play a critical role in cancer immunity as evidenced by their presence in resected tumor samples derived from long-surviving patients, and impressive clinical responses to various immunotherapies that reinvigorate them. Indeed, tumors can upregulate a wide array of defense mechanisms, both direct and indirect, to suppress the ability of Tcells to reach the tumor bed and mount curative responses upon infiltration. In addition, patient and tumor genetics, previous antigenic experience, and the microbiome, are all important factors in shaping the T-cell repertoire and sensitivity to immunotherapy. Here, we review the mechanisms that regulate T-cell homing, infiltration, and activity within the solid tumor bed. Finally, we summarize different immunotherapies and combinatorial treatment strategies that enable the immune system to overcome barriers for enhanced tumor control and improved patient outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Lanitis
- The Ludwig Branch for Cancer Research of the University of Lausanne, Epalinges
| | - D Dangaj
- The Ludwig Branch for Cancer Research of the University of Lausanne, Epalinges
| | - M Irving
- The Ludwig Branch for Cancer Research of the University of Lausanne, Epalinges
| | - G Coukos
- The Ludwig Branch for Cancer Research of the University of Lausanne, Epalinges.,Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
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Katiyar A, Sharma S, Singh TP, Kaur P. Identification of Shared Molecular Signatures Indicate the Susceptibility of Endometriosis to Multiple Sclerosis. Front Genet 2018; 9:42. [PMID: 29503661 PMCID: PMC5820528 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Women with endometriosis (EMS) appear to be at a higher risk of developing other autoimmune diseases predominantly multiple sclerosis (MS). Though EMS and MS are evidently diverse in their phenotype, they are linked by a common autoimmune condition or immunodeficiency which could play a role in the expansion of endometriosis and possibly increase the risk of developing MS in women with EMS. However, the common molecular links connecting EMS with MS are still unclear. We conducted a meta-analysis of microarray experiments focused on EMS and MS with their respective controls. The GEO2R web application discovered a total of 711 and 1516 genes that are differentially expressed across the experimental conditions in EMS and MS, respectively with 129 shared DEGs between them. The functional enrichment analysis of DEGs predicts the shared gene expression signatures as well as the overlapping biological processes likely to infer the co-occurrence of EMS with MS. Network based meta-analysis unveiled six interaction networks/crosstalks through overlapping edges between commonly dysregulated pathways of EMS and MS. The PTPN1, ERBB3, and CDH1 were observed to be the highly ranked hub genes connected with disease-related genes of both EMS and MS. Androgen receptor (AR) and nuclear factor-kB p65 (RelA) were observed to be the most enriched transcription factor in the upstream of shared down-regulated and up-regulated genes, respectively. The two disease sample sets compared through crosstalk interactions between shared pathways revealed commonly up- and down-regulated expressions of 10 immunomodulatory proteins as probable linkers between EMS and MS. This study pinpoints the number of shared genes, pathways, protein kinases, and upstream regulators that may help in the development of biomarkers for diagnosis of MS and endometriosis at the same time through improved understanding of shared molecular signatures and crosstalk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Katiyar
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sujata Sharma
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Tej P Singh
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Punit Kaur
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Ohtake Y, Kong W, Hussain R, Horiuchi M, Tremblay ML, Ganea D, Li S. Protein tyrosine phosphatase σ regulates autoimmune encephalomyelitis development. Brain Behav Immun 2017; 65:111-124. [PMID: 28559011 PMCID: PMC6275552 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2017.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) play essential roles in regulating signaling events in multiple cells by tyrosine dephosphorylation. One of them, PTPσ, appears important in regulating function of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC). Here we report that PTPσ deletion in knockout mice and inhibition with a selective antagonist peptide exacerbated symptoms of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) by enhancing axon and myelin damage in the spinal cord. PTPσ-/- mice displayed pro-inflammatory profiles in the spinal cord and lymphoid organs following MOG peptide immunization. PTPσ deletion promoted a pro-inflammatory phenotype in conventional DCs and directly regulated differentiation of CD4+ T cells. It also facilitated infiltration of T lymphocytes, activation of macrophages in the CNS and development of EAE. Therefore, PTPσ is a key negative regulator in EAE initiation and progression, which acts by regulating functions of DCs, T cells, and other immune cells. PTPσ may become an important molecular target for treating autoimmune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Ohtake
- Shriners Hospitals Pediatric Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Weimin Kong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Rashad Hussain
- Shriners Hospitals Pediatric Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Makoto Horiuchi
- Shriners Hospitals Pediatric Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Michel L. Tremblay
- Goodman Cancer Centre and Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, 1160 Pine Ave., Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Doina Ganea
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Shuxin Li
- Shriners Hospitals Pediatric Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.
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Spalinger MR, Scharl M. The role for protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 22 in regulating intestinal homeostasis. United European Gastroenterol J 2015; 4:325-32. [PMID: 27403297 DOI: 10.1177/2050640615600115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease represents a chronic intestinal inflammation. Recent knowledge suggests a crucial role for genetic, immunological and bacterial factors in inflammatory bowel disease pathogenesis. Variations within the gene locus encoding PTPN22 have been associated with inflammatory bowel disease. PTPN22 is critically involved in controlling immune cell activation and thereby plays an important role in maintaining intestinal homeostasis. Although in B and T cells the mechanism showing how PTPN22 affects cell signalling pathways is well studied, its role in myeloid cells remains less defined. Regulation of the innate immune system plays an essential role in the intestine, and levels of PTPN22 in myeloid cells are drastically reduced in the intestine of inflammatory bowel disease patients. Therefore, additional studies to define the role of PTPN22 in myeloid cells might clearly enhance our understanding of how PTPN22 contributes to intestinal homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne R Spalinger
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Scharl
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Li J, Pang Q. Oxidative stress-associated protein tyrosine kinases and phosphatases in Fanconi anemia. Antioxid Redox Signal 2014; 20:2290-301. [PMID: 24206276 PMCID: PMC3995293 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2013.5715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Fanconi anemia (FA) is a genetic disorder featuring chromosomal instability, developmental defects, progressive bone marrow failure, and predisposition to cancer. Besides the predominant role in DNA damage response and/or repair, many studies have linked FA proteins to oxidative stress. Oxidative stress, defined as imbalance in pro-oxidant and antioxidant homeostasis, has been considered to contribute to disease development, including FA. RECENT ADVANCES A variety of signaling pathways may be influenced by oxidative stress, particularly the equilibrium between protein kinases and phosphatases, consequently leading to an aberrant phosphorylation state of cellular proteins. Dysfunction of kinases/phosphatases has been implicated in the pathophysiology of human diseases. In FA, evidence is emerging that links abnormal phosphorylation/de-phosphorylation of signaling molecules to clinical complications and malformations. CRITICAL ISSUES In this study, we review the recent findings on the oxidative stress-related kinases and phosphatases, particularly tyrosine phosphatases in FA. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Understanding the role of oxidative stress-related kinases and phosphatases in FA may provide unique and generic possibilities for the future development of therapeutic strategies by targeting the dysregulated protein kinases and phosphatases in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- 1 Division of Neurosurgery, Center for Theoretic and Applied Neuro-Oncology, Moores Cancer Center, University of California , San Diego, La Jolla, California
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Huang CY, Tai WT, Hsieh CY, Hsu WM, Lai YJ, Chen LJ, Shiau CW, Chen KF. A sorafenib derivative and novel SHP-1 agonist, SC-59, acts synergistically with radiotherapy in hepatocellular carcinoma cells through inhibition of STAT3. Cancer Lett 2014; 349:136-43. [PMID: 24735751 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Revised: 03/31/2014] [Accepted: 04/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Radiotherapy shows limited benefit as treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, we aimed to overcome the radioresistance of HCC by using a novel sorafenib derivative, SC-59 that targets SHP-1-related signaling. HCC cell lines (SK-Hep1, Hep3B, and Huh7) were treated with sorafenib, SC-59, radiation, sorafenib plus radiation, or SC-59 plus radiation, and then apoptosis, colony formation, signal transduction and the phosphatase activity were analyzed. The synergistic effect of radiotherapy and SC-59 was analyzed using a combination index (CI) approach. In vivo efficacy was determined in a Huh7-bearing subcutaneous model. Mice were treated with radiation (5 Gy, one fraction per day) for 4 days, SC-59 (10mg/kg/day) for 24 days, or a combination. Tumor samples were further analyzed for p-STAT3 and SHP-1 activity. SC-59 displayed a better synergistic effect when used in combination with radiotherapy than sorafenib in HCC cell lines. SC-59 downregulated p-STAT3 and its downstream targets and increased SHP-1 phosphatase activity. Both ectopic STAT3 and inhibition of SHP-1 abolished SC-59-induced radiosensitization. Moreover, SC-59 significantly synergized radiotherapy in a Huh7 xenograft model by targeting SHP-1/STAT3 signaling. The novel sorafenib derivative, SC-59, acting as a SHP-1 agonist, displays a better synergistic effect when used in combination with radiotherapy than sorafenib for the treatment of HCC. Further clinical investigation is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Yuan Huang
- Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Radiological Technology, Yuanpei University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Tien Tai
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; National Center of Excellence for Clinical Trial and Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Ying Hsieh
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; National Center of Excellence for Clinical Trial and Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Mai Hsu
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; National Center of Excellence for Clinical Trial and Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Jiun Lai
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; National Center of Excellence for Clinical Trial and Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Ju Chen
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; National Center of Excellence for Clinical Trial and Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Wai Shiau
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Kuen-Feng Chen
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; National Center of Excellence for Clinical Trial and Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Kundu S, Fan K, Cao M, Lindner DJ, Zhao ZJ, Borden E, Yi T. Novel SHP-1 inhibitors tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor-1 and analogs with preclinical anti-tumor activities as tolerated oral agents. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2010; 184:6529-36. [PMID: 20421638 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0903562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Src homology region 2 domain-containing phosphatase 1 (SHP-1) has been implicated as a potential cancer therapeutic target by its negative regulation of immune cell activation and the activity of the SHP-1 inhibitor sodium stibogluconate that induced IFN-gamma(+) cells for anti-tumor action. To develop more potent SHP-1-targeted anti-cancer agents, inhibitory leads were identified from a library of 34,000 drug-like compounds. Among the leads and active at low nM for recombinant SHP-1, tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor-1 (TPI-1) selectively increased SHP-1 phospho-substrates (pLck-pY394, pZap70, and pSlp76) in Jurkat T cells but had little effects on pERK1/2 or pLck-pY505 regulated by phosphatases SHP-2 or CD45, respectively. TPI-1 induced mouse splenic-IFN-gamma(+) cells in vitro, approximately 58-fold more effective than sodium stibogluconate, and increased mouse splenic-pLck-pY394 and -IFN-gamma(+) cells in vivo. TPI-1 also induced IFN-gamma(+) cells in human peripheral blood in vitro. Significantly, TPI-1 inhibited ( approximately 83%, p < 0.002) the growth of B16 melanoma tumors in mice at a tolerated oral dose in a T cell-dependent manner but had little effects on B16 cell growth in culture. TPI-1 also inhibited B16 tumor growth and prolonged tumor mice survival as a tolerated s.c. agent. TPI-1 analogs were identified with improved activities in IFN-gamma(+) cell induction and in anti-tumor actions. In particular, analog TPI-1a4 as a tolerated oral agent completely inhibited the growth of K1735 melanoma tumors and was more effective than the parental lead against MC-26 colon cancer tumors in mice. These results designate TPI-1 and the analogs as novel SHP-1 inhibitors with anti-tumor activity likely via an immune mechanism, supporting SHP-1 as a novel target for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Kundu
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
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Setaria cervi dual specific phosphatase: characterization and its effect on eosinophil degranulation. Parasitology 2009; 136:895-904. [PMID: 19523248 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182009006271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Setaria cervi, a bovine filarial parasite contains significant acid phosphatase (AcP) activity in its various life stages. Two forms of AcP were separated from somatic extract of adult female parasite using cation exchange, gel filtration and concavalin affinity chromatography. One form having a molecular mass of 79 kDa was characterized as dual specific protein tyrosine phosphatase (ScDSP) based on substrate specificity and inhibition studies. With various substrates tested, it showed significant activity in the order of phospho-L-tyrosine>pNPP>ADP>phospho-L-serine. Inhibition by orthovanadate, fluoride, molybdate, and zinc ions further confirms protein tyrosine phosphatase nature of the enzyme. Km and Vmax determined with various substrates were found to be 16.66 mM, 25.0 microM/ml/min with pNPP; 20.0 mM, 40.0 microM/ml/min with phospho-L-tyrosine and 27.0 mM, 25.0 microM/ml/min with phospho-L-serine. KI with pNPP and sodium orthovanadate (IC50 33.0 microM) was calculated to be 50.0 mM. Inhibition with pHMB, silver nitrate, DEPC and EDAC suggested the presence of cysteine, histidine and carboxylate residues at its active site. Cross-reactivity with W. bancrofti-infected sera was demonstrated by Western blotting. ScDSP showed elevated levels of IgE in chronic filarial sera using ELISA. Under in vitro conditions, ScDSP resulted in increased effector function of human eosinophils when stimulated by IgG, which showed a further decrease with increasing enzyme concentration. Results presented here suggest that S. cervi DSP should be further studied to determine its role in pathogenesis and the persistence of filarial parasite.
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Gobert RP, van den Eijnden M, Szyndralewiez C, Jorand-Lebrun C, Swinnen D, Chen L, Gillieron C, Pixley F, Juillard P, Gerber P, Johnson-Léger C, Halazy S, Camps M, Bombrun A, Shipp M, Vitte PA, Ardissone V, Ferrandi C, Perrin D, Rommel C, Hooft van Huijsduijnen R. GLEPP1/protein-tyrosine phosphatase phi inhibitors block chemotaxis in vitro and in vivo and improve murine ulcerative colitis. J Biol Chem 2009; 284:11385-95. [PMID: 19233845 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m807241200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We describe novel, cell-permeable, and bioavailable salicylic acid derivatives that are potent and selective inhibitors of GLEPP1/protein-tyrosine phosphatase . Two previously described GLEPP1 substrates, paxillin and Syk, are both required for cytoskeletal rearrangement and cellular motility of leukocytes in chemotaxis. We show here that GLEPP1 inhibitors prevent dephosphorylation of Syk1 and paxillin in resting cells and block primary human monocyte and mouse bone marrow-derived macrophage chemotaxis in a gradient of monocyte chemotactic protein-1. In mice, the GLEPP1 inhibitors also reduce thioglycolate-induced peritoneal chemotaxis of neutrophils, lymphocytes, and macrophages. In murine disease models, the GLEPP1 inhibitors significantly reduce severity of contact hypersensitivity, a model for allergic dermatitis, and dextran sulfate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis, a model for inflammatory bowel disease. Taken together, our data provide confirmation that GLEPP1 plays an important role in controlling chemotaxis of multiple types of leukocytes and that pharmacological inhibition of this phosphatase may have therapeutic use.
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Hendriks WJAJ, Elson A, Harroch S, Stoker AW. Protein tyrosine phosphatases: functional inferences from mouse models and human diseases. FEBS J 2008; 275:816-30. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2008.06249.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Liu L, Yen JH, Ganea D. A novel VIP signaling pathway in T cells cAMP-->protein tyrosine phosphatase (SHP-2?)-->JAK2/STAT4-->Th1 differentiation. Peptides 2007; 28:1814-24. [PMID: 17462790 PMCID: PMC2093951 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2007.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2007] [Revised: 03/11/2007] [Accepted: 03/20/2007] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) is a potent anti-inflammatory agent. In addition to the deactivation of macrophages, dendritic cells, and microglia, VIP shifts the Th1/Th2 balance, promoting the preferential differentiation and survival of Th2 cells, to the detriment of the proinflammatory Th1 effectors. Several mechanisms operate in the Th1/Th2 shift induced by VIP. Here we report on a novel mechanism for the effect of VIP on T cell differentiation, and show that VIP inhibits Th1 differentiation by interfering directly with the IL-12Jak2/STAT4 signaling pathway in T cells. The effect of VIP is cAMP-dependent, and appears to be mediated through the activation of protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTP), with SHP-2 as a potential target. The activation of PTPs represents a novel cAMP-downstream target for the immunomodulatory effects of VIP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Liu
- Rutgers University, Department of Biological Sciences, 101 Warren St., Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Jui-Hung Yen
- Rutgers University, Department of Biological Sciences, 101 Warren St., Newark, NJ 07102, USA
- Temple University School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, 3420 N. Broad St., Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Doina Ganea
- Temple University School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, 3420 N. Broad St., Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
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