1
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Lamb IR, Novielli‐Kuntz NM, Murrant CL. The role of pannexin/purinergic signaling in intervascular communication from capillaries during skeletal muscle contraction in male Golden hamsters. Physiol Rep 2024; 12:e16113. [PMID: 38898485 PMCID: PMC11186745 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.16113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
We sought to determine the physiological relevance of pannexin/purinergic-dependent signaling in mediating conducted vasodilation elicited by capillary stimulation through skeletal muscle contraction. Using hamster cremaster muscle and intravital microscopy we stimulated capillaries through local muscle contraction while observing the associated upstream arteriole. Capillaries were stimulated with muscle contraction at low and high contraction (6 and 60CPM) and stimulus frequencies (4 and 40 Hz) in the absence and presence of pannexin blocker mefloquine (MEF; 10-5 M), purinergic receptor antagonist suramin (SUR 10-5 M) and gap-junction uncoupler halothane (HALO, 0.07%) applied between the capillary stimulation site and the upstream arteriolar observation site. Conducted vasodilations elicited at 6CPM were inhibited by HALO while vasodilations at 60CPM were inhibited by MEF and SUR. The conducted response elicited at 4 Hz was inhibited by MEF while the vasodilation at 40 Hz was unaffected by any blocker. Therefore, upstream vasodilations resulting from capillary stimulation via muscle contraction are dependent upon a pannexin/purinergic-dependent pathway that appears to be stimulation parameter-dependent. Our data highlight a physiological importance of the pannexin/purinergic pathway in facilitating communication between capillaries and upstream arteriolar microvasculature and, consequently, indicating that this pathway may play a crucial role in regulating blood flow in response to skeletal muscle contraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iain R. Lamb
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional SciencesUniversity of GuelphGuelphOntarioCanada
| | | | - Coral L. Murrant
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional SciencesUniversity of GuelphGuelphOntarioCanada
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2
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Ruan Z, Lee J, Li Y, Du J, Lü W. Human pannexin 1 channel is not phosphorylated by Src tyrosine kinase at Tyr199 and Tyr309. eLife 2024; 13:RP95118. [PMID: 38780416 PMCID: PMC11115448 DOI: 10.7554/elife.95118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Protein phosphorylation is one of the major molecular mechanisms regulating protein activity and function throughout the cell. Pannexin 1 (PANX1) is a large-pore channel permeable to ATP and other cellular metabolites. Its tyrosine phosphorylation and subsequent activation have been found to play critical roles in diverse cellular conditions, including neuronal cell death, acute inflammation, and smooth muscle contraction. Specifically, the non-receptor kinase Src has been reported to phosphorylate Tyr198 and Tyr308 of mouse PANX1 (equivalent to Tyr199 and Tyr309 of human PANX1), resulting in channel opening and ATP release. Although the Src-dependent PANX1 activation mechanism has been widely discussed in the literature, independent validation of the tyrosine phosphorylation of PANX1 has been lacking. Here, we show that commercially available antibodies against the two phosphorylation sites mentioned above-which were used to identify endogenous PANX1 phosphorylation at these two sites-are nonspecific and should not be used to interpret results related to PANX1 phosphorylation. We further provide evidence that neither tyrosine residue is a major phosphorylation site for Src kinase in heterologous expression systems. We call on the field to re-examine the existing paradigm of tyrosine phosphorylation-dependent activation of the PANX1 channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Ruan
- Department of Structural Biology, Van Andel InstituteGrand RapidsUnited States
| | - Junuk Lee
- Department of Structural Biology, Van Andel InstituteGrand RapidsUnited States
| | - Yangyang Li
- Department of Structural Biology, Van Andel InstituteGrand RapidsUnited States
| | - Juan Du
- Department of Structural Biology, Van Andel InstituteGrand RapidsUnited States
| | - Wei Lü
- Department of Structural Biology, Van Andel InstituteGrand RapidsUnited States
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3
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Ruan Z, Lee J, Li Y, Du J, Lü W. Human Pannexin 1 Channel is NOT Phosphorylated by Src Tyrosine Kinase at Tyr199 and Tyr309. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.09.10.557063. [PMID: 38168229 PMCID: PMC10760007 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.10.557063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Protein phosphorylation is one of the major molecular mechanisms regulating protein activity and function throughout the cell. Pannexin 1 (PANX1) is a large-pore channel permeable to ATP and other cellular metabolites. Its tyrosine phosphorylation and subsequent activation have been found to play critical roles in diverse cellular conditions, including neuronal cell death, acute inflammation, and smooth muscle contraction. Specifically, the non-receptor kinase Src has been reported to phosphorylate Tyr198 and Tyr308 of mouse PANX1 (equivalent to Tyr199 and Tyr309 of human PANX1), resulting in channel opening and ATP release. Although the Src-dependent PANX1 activation mechanism has been widely discussed in the literature, independent validation of the tyrosine phosphorylation of PANX1 has been lacking. Here, we show that commercially available antibodies against the two phosphorylation sites mentioned above-which were used to identify endogenous PANX1 phosphorylation at these two sites-are nonspecific and should not be used to interpret results related to PANX1 phosphorylation. We further provide evidence that neither tyrosine residue is a major phosphorylation site for Src kinase in heterologous expression systems. We call on the field to re-examine the existing paradigm of tyrosine phosphorylation-dependent activation of the PANX1 channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Ruan
- Department of Structural Biology, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - Junuk Lee
- Department of Structural Biology, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - Yangyang Li
- Department of Structural Biology, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - Juan Du
- Department of Structural Biology, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - Wei Lü
- Department of Structural Biology, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
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4
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Koval M, Schug WJ, Isakson BE. Pharmacology of pannexin channels. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2023; 69:102359. [PMID: 36858833 PMCID: PMC10023479 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2023.102359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
Pannexin channels play fundamental roles in regulating inflammation and have been implicated in many diseases including hypertension, stroke, and neuropathic pain. Thus, the ability to pharmacologically block these channels is a vital component of several therapeutic approaches. Pharmacologic interrogation of model systems also provides a means to discover new roles for pannexins in cell physiology. Here, we review the state of the art for agents that can be used to block pannexin channels, with a focus on chemical pharmaceuticals and peptide mimetics that act on pannexin 1. Guidance on interpreting results obtained with pannexin pharmacologics in experimental systems is discussed, as well as strengths and caveats of different agents, including specificity and feasibility of clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Koval
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Wyatt J Schug
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Brant E Isakson
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
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5
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Grimmer B, Krauszman A, Hu X, Kabir G, Connelly KA, Li M, Grune J, Madry C, Isakson BE, Kuebler WM. Pannexin 1-a novel regulator of acute hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 118:2535-2547. [PMID: 34668529 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) is a physiological response to alveolar hypoxia that diverts blood flow from poorly ventilated to better aerated lung areas to optimize ventilation-perfusion matching. Yet, the exact sensory and signaling mechanisms by which hypoxia triggers pulmonary vasoconstriction remain incompletely understood. Recently, ATP release via pannexin 1 (Panx1) and subsequent signaling via purinergic P2Y receptors has been identified as regulator of vasoconstriction in systemic arterioles. Here, we probed for the role of Panx1-mediated ATP release in HPV and chronic hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (PH). METHODS AND RESULTS Pharmacological inhibition of Panx1 by probenecid, spironolactone, the Panx1 specific inhibitory peptide (10Panx1) and genetic deletion of Panx1 specifically in smooth muscle attenuated HPV in isolated perfused mouse lungs. In pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMC), both spironolactone and 10Panx1 attenuated the increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) in response to hypoxia. Yet, genetic deletion of Panx1 in either endothelial or smooth muscle cells did not prevent the development of PH in mice. Unexpectedly, ATP release in response to hypoxia was not detectable in PASMC, and inhibition of purinergic receptors or ATP degradation by ATPase failed to attenuate HPV. Rather, transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) antagonism and Panx1 inhibition inhibited the hypoxia-induced [Ca2+]i increase in PASMC in an additive manner, suggesting that Panx1 regulates [Ca2+]i independently of the ATP-P2Y-TRPV4 pathway. In line with this notion, Panx1 overexpression increased the [Ca2+]i response to hypoxia in HeLa cells. CONCLUSION In the present study we identify Panx1 as novel regulator of HPV. Yet, the role of Panx1 in HPV was not attributable to ATP release and downstream signaling via P2Y receptors or TRPV4 activation, but relates to a role of Panx1 as direct or indirect modulator of the PASMC Ca2+ response to hypoxia. Panx1 did not affect the development of chronic hypoxic PH. TRANSLATIONAL PERSPECTIVE Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) optimizes lung ventilation-perfusion matching, but also contributes to pulmonary pathologies including high altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) or chronic hypoxic pulmonary hypertension. Here, we demonstrate that pharmaceutical inhibition as well as genetic deletion of the hemichannel pannexin-1 (Panx1) in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells attenuates the physiological HPV response. Panx1 deficiency did, however, not prevent the development of chronic hypoxic pulmonary hypertension in mice. Panx1 inhibitors such as the mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist spironolactone may thus present a putative strategy for the prevention or treatment of HAPE, yet not for chronic hypoxic lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Grimmer
- Institute of Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of the Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK)
| | - Adrienn Krauszman
- Institute of Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of the Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Xudong Hu
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Golam Kabir
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kim A Connelly
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mei Li
- Institute of Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of the Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jana Grune
- Institute of Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of the Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Madry
- Institute of Neurophysiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of the Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Brant E Isakson
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.,Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Wolfgang M Kuebler
- Institute of Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of the Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK).,Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Departments of Physiology and Surgery, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
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6
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Daneva Z, Ottolini M, Chen YL, Klimentova E, Kuppusamy M, Shah SA, Minshall RD, Seye CI, Laubach VE, Isakson BE, Sonkusare SK. Endothelial pannexin 1-TRPV4 channel signaling lowers pulmonary arterial pressure in mice. eLife 2021; 10:67777. [PMID: 34490843 PMCID: PMC8448527 DOI: 10.7554/elife.67777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pannexin 1 (Panx1), an ATP-efflux pathway, has been linked with inflammation in pulmonary capillaries. However, the physiological roles of endothelial Panx1 in the pulmonary vasculature are unknown. Endothelial transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) channels lower pulmonary artery (PA) contractility and exogenous ATP activates endothelial TRPV4 channels. We hypothesized that endothelial Panx1–ATP–TRPV4 channel signaling promotes vasodilation and lowers pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP). Endothelial, but not smooth muscle, knockout of Panx1 increased PA contractility and raised PAP in mice. Flow/shear stress increased ATP efflux through endothelial Panx1 in PAs. Panx1-effluxed extracellular ATP signaled through purinergic P2Y2 receptor (P2Y2R) to activate protein kinase Cα (PKCα), which in turn activated endothelial TRPV4 channels. Finally, caveolin-1 provided a signaling scaffold for endothelial Panx1, P2Y2R, PKCα, and TRPV4 channels in PAs, promoting their spatial proximity and enabling signaling interactions. These results indicate that endothelial Panx1–P2Y2R–TRPV4 channel signaling, facilitated by caveolin-1, reduces PA contractility and lowers PAP in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zdravka Daneva
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, United States
| | - Matteo Ottolini
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, United States.,Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, United States
| | - Yen Lin Chen
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, United States
| | - Eliska Klimentova
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, United States
| | - Maniselvan Kuppusamy
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, United States
| | - Soham A Shah
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, United States
| | - Richard D Minshall
- Department of Anesthesiology, Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois, Chicago, United States
| | - Cheikh I Seye
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, United States
| | - Victor E Laubach
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, United States
| | - Brant E Isakson
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, United States
| | - Swapnil K Sonkusare
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, United States.,Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, United States
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7
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Bisht K, Okojie KA, Sharma K, Lentferink DH, Sun YY, Chen HR, Uweru JO, Amancherla S, Calcuttawala Z, Campos-Salazar AB, Corliss B, Jabbour L, Benderoth J, Friestad B, Mills WA, Isakson BE, Tremblay MÈ, Kuan CY, Eyo UB. Capillary-associated microglia regulate vascular structure and function through PANX1-P2RY12 coupling in mice. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5289. [PMID: 34489419 PMCID: PMC8421455 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25590-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Microglia are brain-resident immune cells with a repertoire of functions in the brain. However, the extent of their interactions with the vasculature and potential regulation of vascular physiology has been insufficiently explored. Here, we document interactions between ramified CX3CR1 + myeloid cell somata and brain capillaries. We confirm that these cells are bona fide microglia by molecular, morphological and ultrastructural approaches. Then, we give a detailed spatio-temporal characterization of these capillary-associated microglia (CAMs) comparing them with parenchymal microglia (PCMs) in their morphological activities including during microglial depletion and repopulation. Molecularly, we identify P2RY12 receptors as a regulator of CAM interactions under the control of released purines from pannexin 1 (PANX1) channels. Furthermore, microglial elimination triggered capillary dilation, blood flow increase, and impaired vasodilation that were recapitulated in P2RY12-/- and PANX1-/- mice suggesting purines released through PANX1 channels play important roles in activating microglial P2RY12 receptors to regulate neurovascular structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanchan Bisht
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Center for Brain Immunology and Glia, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Kenneth A Okojie
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Center for Brain Immunology and Glia, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Kaushik Sharma
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Center for Brain Immunology and Glia, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Dennis H Lentferink
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Center for Brain Immunology and Glia, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Yu-Yo Sun
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Center for Brain Immunology and Glia, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Hong-Ru Chen
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Center for Brain Immunology and Glia, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Joseph O Uweru
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Center for Brain Immunology and Glia, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Saipranusha Amancherla
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Zainab Calcuttawala
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Antony Brayan Campos-Salazar
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Center for Brain Immunology and Glia, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Bruce Corliss
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Lara Jabbour
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Jordan Benderoth
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Bria Friestad
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Center for Brain Immunology and Glia, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - William A Mills
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Center for Brain Immunology and Glia, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Brant E Isakson
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Marie-Ève Tremblay
- Axe Neurosciences, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Département de médecine moléculaire, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Colombia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Chia-Yi Kuan
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Center for Brain Immunology and Glia, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Ukpong B Eyo
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
- Center for Brain Immunology and Glia, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
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8
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Lamb IR, Novielli-Kuntz NM, Murrant CL. Capillaries communicate with the arteriolar microvascular network by a pannexin/purinergic-dependent pathway in hamster skeletal muscle. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2021; 320:H1699-H1711. [PMID: 33606585 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00493.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We sought to determine if a pannexin/purinergic-dependent intravascular communication pathway exists in skeletal muscle microvasculature that facilitates capillary communication with upstream arterioles that control their perfusion. Using the hamster cremaster muscle and intravital microscopy, we locally stimulated capillaries and observed the vasodilatory response in the associated upstream 4A arteriole. We stimulated capillaries with vasodilators relevant to muscle contraction: 10-6 M S-nitroso-N-acetyl-dl-penicillamine (SNAP; nitric oxide donor), 10-6 M adenosine, 10 mM potassium chloride, 10-5 M pinacidil, as well as a known initiator of gap-junction-dependent intravascular communication, acetylcholine (10-5 M), in the absence and the presence of the purinergic membrane receptor blocker suramin (10-5 M), pannexin blocker mefloquine (2 × 10-5 M), or probenecid (5 × 10-6 M) and gap-junction inhibitor halothane (0.07%) applied in the transmission pathway, between the capillary stimulation site and the upstream 4A observation site. Potassium chloride, SNAP, and adenosine-induced upstream vasodilations were significantly inhibited by suramin, mefloquine, and probenecid but not halothane, indicating the involvement of a pannexin/purinergic-dependent signaling pathway. Conversely, SNAP-induced upstream vasodilation was only inhibited by halothane indicating that communication was facilitated by gap junctions. Both pinacidil and acetylcholine were inhibited by suramin but only acetylcholine was inhibited by halothane. These data demonstrate the presence of a pannexin/purinergic-dependent communication pathway between capillaries and upstream arterioles controlling their perfusion. This pathway adds to the gap-junction-dependent pathway that exists at this vascular level as well. Given that vasodilators relevant to muscle contraction can use both of these pathways, our data implicate the involvement of both pathways in the coordination of skeletal muscle blood flow.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Blood flow control during increased metabolic demand in skeletal muscle is not fully understood. Capillaries have been implicated in controlling blood flow to active skeletal muscle, but how capillaries communicate to the arteriolar vascular network is not clear. Our study uncovers a novel pathway through which capillaries can communicate to upstream arterioles to cause vasodilation and therefore control perfusion. This work implicates a new vascular communication pathway in blood flow control in skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iain R Lamb
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nicole M Novielli-Kuntz
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Coral L Murrant
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
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9
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Walker DS, Schafer WR. Distinct roles for innexin gap junctions and hemichannels in mechanosensation. eLife 2020; 9:e50597. [PMID: 31995033 PMCID: PMC7010410 DOI: 10.7554/elife.50597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanosensation is central to a wide range of functions, including tactile and pain perception, hearing, proprioception, and control of blood pressure, but identifying the molecules underlying mechanotransduction has proved challenging. In Caenorhabditis elegans, the avoidance response to gentle body touch is mediated by six touch receptor neurons (TRNs), and is dependent on MEC-4, a DEG/ENaC channel. We show that hemichannels containing the innexin protein UNC-7 are also essential for gentle touch in the TRNs, as well as harsh touch in both the TRNs and the PVD nociceptors. UNC-7 and MEC-4 do not colocalize, suggesting that their roles in mechanosensory transduction are independent. Heterologous expression of unc-7 in touch-insensitive chemosensory neurons confers ectopic touch sensitivity, indicating a specific role for UNC-7 hemichannels in mechanosensation. The unc-7 touch defect can be rescued by the homologous mouse gene Panx1 gene, thus, innexin/pannexin proteins may play broadly conserved roles in neuronal mechanotransduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise S Walker
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical CampusCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | - William R Schafer
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical CampusCambridgeUnited Kingdom
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10
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Pogoda K, Kameritsch P, Mannell H, Pohl U. Connexins in the control of vasomotor function. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2019; 225:e13108. [PMID: 29858558 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial cells, as well as smooth muscle cells, show heterogeneity with regard to their receptor expression and reactivity. For the vascular wall to act as a functional unit, the various cells' responses require integration. Such an integration is not only required for a homogeneous response of the vascular wall, but also for the vasomotor behaviour of consecutive segments of the microvascular arteriolar tree. As flow resistances of individual sections are connected in series, sections require synchronization and coordination to allow effective changes of conductivity and blood flow. A prerequisite for the local coordination of individual vascular cells and different sections of an arteriolar tree is intercellular communication. Connexins are involved in a dual manner in this coordination. (i) By forming gap junctions between cells, they allow an intercellular exchange of signalling molecules and electrical currents. In particular, the spread of electrical currents allows for coordination of cell responses over longer distances. (ii) Connexins are able to interact with other proteins to form signalling complexes. In this way, they can modulate and integrate individual cells' responses also in a channel-independent manner. This review outlines mechanisms allowing the vascular connexins to exert their coordinating function and to regulate the vasomotor reactions of blood vessels both locally, and in vascular networks. Wherever possible, we focus on the vasomotor behaviour of small vessels and arterioles which are the main vessels determining vascular resistance, blood pressure and local blood flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Pogoda
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine; University Hospital; LMU Munich; Munich Germany
- Biomedical Center; Cardiovascular Physiology; LMU Munich; Munich Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research); Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance; Munich Germany
| | - P. Kameritsch
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine; University Hospital; LMU Munich; Munich Germany
- Biomedical Center; Cardiovascular Physiology; LMU Munich; Munich Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research); Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance; Munich Germany
| | - H. Mannell
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine; University Hospital; LMU Munich; Munich Germany
- Biomedical Center; Cardiovascular Physiology; LMU Munich; Munich Germany
| | - U. Pohl
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine; University Hospital; LMU Munich; Munich Germany
- Biomedical Center; Cardiovascular Physiology; LMU Munich; Munich Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research); Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance; Munich Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy); Munich Germany
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11
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Boucher J, Simonneau C, Denet G, Clarhaut J, Balandre AC, Mesnil M, Cronier L, Monvoisin A. Pannexin-1 in Human Lymphatic Endothelial Cells Regulates Lymphangiogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19061558. [PMID: 29882918 PMCID: PMC6032340 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19061558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms governing the formation of lymphatic vasculature are not yet well understood. Pannexins are transmembrane proteins that form channels which allow for diffusion of ions and small molecules (<1 kDa) between the extracellular space and the cytosol. The expression and function of pannexins in blood vessels have been studied in the last few decades. Meanwhile, no studies have been conducted to evaluate the role of pannexins during human lymphatic vessel formation. Here we show, using primary human dermal lymphatic endothelial cells (HDLECs), pharmacological tools (probenecid, Brilliant Blue FCF, mimetic peptides [10Panx]) and siRNA-mediated knockdown that Pannexin-1 is necessary for capillary tube formation on Matrigel and for VEGF-C-induced invasion. These results newly identify Pannexin-1 as a protein highly expressed in HDLECs and its requirement during in vitro lymphangiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Boucher
- CNRS ERL 7003, Laboratoire "Signalisation & Transports Ioniques Membranaires", University of Poitiers, 86073 Poitiers, France.
| | - Claire Simonneau
- CNRS ERL 7003, Laboratoire "Signalisation & Transports Ioniques Membranaires", University of Poitiers, 86073 Poitiers, France.
| | - Golthlay Denet
- CNRS ERL 7003, Laboratoire "Signalisation & Transports Ioniques Membranaires", University of Poitiers, 86073 Poitiers, France.
| | - Jonathan Clarhaut
- CNRS UMR 7285, Institut de Chimie des Milieux et des Matériaux de Poitiers (IC2MP), University of Poitiers, 86073 Poitiers, France.
- CHU de Poitiers, 86021 Poitiers, France.
| | - Annie-Claire Balandre
- CNRS ERL 7003, Laboratoire "Signalisation & Transports Ioniques Membranaires", University of Poitiers, 86073 Poitiers, France.
| | - Marc Mesnil
- CNRS ERL 7003, Laboratoire "Signalisation & Transports Ioniques Membranaires", University of Poitiers, 86073 Poitiers, France.
| | - Laurent Cronier
- CNRS ERL 7003, Laboratoire "Signalisation & Transports Ioniques Membranaires", University of Poitiers, 86073 Poitiers, France.
| | - Arnaud Monvoisin
- CNRS ERL 7003, Laboratoire "Signalisation & Transports Ioniques Membranaires", University of Poitiers, 86073 Poitiers, France.
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12
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Whyte-Fagundes P, Kurtenbach S, Zoidl C, Shestopalov VI, Carlen PL, Zoidl G. A Potential Compensatory Role of Panx3 in the VNO of a Panx1 Knock Out Mouse Model. Front Mol Neurosci 2018; 11:135. [PMID: 29780304 PMCID: PMC5946002 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Pannexins (Panx) are integral membrane proteins, with Panx1 being the best-characterized member of the protein family. Panx1 is implicated in sensory processing, and knockout (KO) animal models have become the primary tool to investigate the role(s) of Panx1 in sensory systems. Extending previous work from our group on primary olfaction, the expression patterns of Panxs in the vomeronasal organ (VNO), an auxiliary olfactory sense organ with a role in reproduction and social behavior, were compared. Using qRT-PCR and Immunohistochemistry (IHC), we confirmed the loss of Panx1, found similar Panx2 expression levels in both models, and a significant upregulation of Panx3 in mice with a global ablation of Panx1. Specifically, Panx3 showed upregulated expression in nerve fibers of the non-sensory epithelial layer in juvenile and adult KO mice and in the sensory layer of adults, which overlaps with Panx1 expression areas in WT populations. Since both social behavior and evoked ATP release in the VNO was not compromised in KO animals, we hypothesized that Panx3 could compensate for the loss of Panx1. This led us to compare Panx1 and Panx3 channels in vitro, demonstrating similar dye uptake and ATP release properties. Outcomes of this study strongly suggest that Panx3 may functionally compensate for the loss of Panx1 in the VNO of the olfactory system, ensuring sustained chemosensory processing. This finding extends previous reports on the upregulation of Panx3 in arterial walls and the skin of Panx1 KO mice, suggesting that roles of Panx1 warrant uncharacterized safeguarding mechanisms involving Panx3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paige Whyte-Fagundes
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Stefan Kurtenbach
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | | | - Valery I Shestopalov
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Peter L Carlen
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Georg Zoidl
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Psychology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
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13
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Good ME, Eucker SA, Li J, Bacon HM, Lang SM, Butcher JT, Johnson TJ, Gaykema RP, Patel MK, Zuo Z, Isakson BE. Endothelial cell Pannexin1 modulates severity of ischemic stroke by regulating cerebral inflammation and myogenic tone. JCI Insight 2018; 3:96272. [PMID: 29563335 PMCID: PMC5926909 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.96272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the US; however, there currently exists only one effective acute pharmacological therapeutic intervention. Purinergic signaling has been shown to regulate vascular function and pathological processes, including inflammation and arterial myogenic reactivity, and plays a role in ischemic stroke outcome. Purinergic signaling requires extracellular purines; however, the mechanism of purine release from cells is unclear. Pannexin1 (Panx1) channels are potentially novel purine release channels expressed throughout the vascular tree that couples regulated purine release with purinergic signaling. Therefore, we examined the role of smooth muscle and endothelial cell Panx1, using conditional cell type-specific transgenic mice, in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury outcomes. Deletion of endothelial cell Panx1, but not smooth muscle cell Panx1, significantly reduced cerebral infarct volume after ischemia/reperfusion. Infiltration of leukocytes into brain tissue and development of cerebral myogenic tone were both significantly reduced when mice lacked endothelial Panx1. Panx1 regulation of myogenic tone was unique to the cerebral circulation, as mesenteric myogenic reactivity and blood pressure were independent of endothelial Panx1. Overall, deletion of endothelial Panx1 mitigated cerebral ischemic injury by reducing inflammation and myogenic tone development, indicating that endothelial Panx1 is a possible novel target for therapeutic intervention of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miranda E Good
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Stephanie A. Eucker
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and
| | - Hannah M. Bacon
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Susan M. Lang
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Joshua T. Butcher
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Tyler J. Johnson
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | | | | | | | - Brant E. Isakson
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
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14
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Guerrero J, Oliveira H, Aid R, Bareille R, Siadous R, Letourneur D, Mao Y, Kohn J, Amédée J. Influence of the three‐dimensional culture of human bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells within a macroporous polysaccharides scaffold on Pannexin 1 and Pannexin 3. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2018; 12:e1936-e1949. [DOI: 10.1002/term.2625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julien Guerrero
- Inserm, U1026, Tissue BioengineeringUniversity of Bordeaux Bordeaux Cedex France
- Department of BiomedicineUniversity Hospital Basel, University of Basel Basel Switzerland
| | - Hugo Oliveira
- Inserm, U1026, Tissue BioengineeringUniversity of Bordeaux Bordeaux Cedex France
| | - Rachida Aid
- Inserm U1148, LVTS, X. Bichat HospitalUniversity Paris Diderot F‐75018 Paris, Institut Galilée, University Paris 13, 93430 Villetaneuse Paris Cedex 18; University Paris Diderot, CHUX, Bichat Paris France
| | - Reine Bareille
- Inserm, U1026, Tissue BioengineeringUniversity of Bordeaux Bordeaux Cedex France
| | - Robin Siadous
- Inserm, U1026, Tissue BioengineeringUniversity of Bordeaux Bordeaux Cedex France
| | - Didier Letourneur
- Inserm U1148, LVTS, X. Bichat HospitalUniversity Paris Diderot F‐75018 Paris, Institut Galilée, University Paris 13, 93430 Villetaneuse Paris Cedex 18; University Paris Diderot, CHUX, Bichat Paris France
| | - Yong Mao
- The New Jersey Center for Biomaterials, Department of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyRutgers The State University of New Jersey Piscataway NJ USA
| | - Joachim Kohn
- The New Jersey Center for Biomaterials, Department of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyRutgers The State University of New Jersey Piscataway NJ USA
| | - Joëlle Amédée
- Inserm, U1026, Tissue BioengineeringUniversity of Bordeaux Bordeaux Cedex France
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15
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Nyberg M, Piil P, Kiehn OT, Maagaard C, Jørgensen TS, Egelund J, Isakson BE, Nielsen MS, Gliemann L, Hellsten Y. Probenecid Inhibits α-Adrenergic Receptor-Mediated Vasoconstriction in the Human Leg Vasculature. Hypertension 2018; 71:151-159. [PMID: 29084879 PMCID: PMC5876717 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.117.10251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Coordination of vascular smooth muscle cell tone in resistance arteries plays an essential role in the regulation of peripheral resistance and overall blood pressure. Recent observations in animals have provided evidence for a coupling between adrenoceptors and Panx1 (pannexin-1) channels in the regulation of sympathetic nervous control of peripheral vascular resistance and blood pressure; however, evidence for a functional coupling in humans is lacking. We determined Panx1 expression and effects of treatment with the pharmacological Panx1 channel inhibitor probenecid on the vasoconstrictor response to α1- and α2-adrenergic receptor stimulation in the human forearm and leg vasculature of young healthy male subjects (23±3 years). By use of immunolabeling and confocal microscopy, Panx1 channels were found to be expressed in vascular smooth muscle cells of arterioles in human leg skeletal muscle. Probenecid treatment increased (P<0.05) leg vascular conductance at baseline by ≈15% and attenuated (P<0.05) the leg vasoconstrictor response to arterial infusion of tyramine (α1- and α2-adrenergic receptor stimulation) by ≈15%, whereas the response to the α1-agonist phenylephrine was unchanged. Inhibition of α1-adrenoceptors prevented the probenecid-induced increase in baseline leg vascular conductance, but did not alter the effect of probenecid on the vascular response to tyramine. No differences with probenecid treatment were detected in the forearm. These observations provide the first line of evidence in humans for a functional role of Panx1 channels in setting resting tone via α1-adrenoceptors and in the constrictive effect of noradrenaline via α2-adrenoceptors, thereby contributing to the regulation of peripheral vascular resistance and blood pressure in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Nyberg
- From the Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports (M.N., P.P., O.T.K., C.M., T.S.J., J.E., L.G., Y.H.) and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences (M.S.N.), University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Orthopedics, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark (T.S.J.); and Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (B.E.I.)
| | - Peter Piil
- From the Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports (M.N., P.P., O.T.K., C.M., T.S.J., J.E., L.G., Y.H.) and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences (M.S.N.), University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Orthopedics, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark (T.S.J.); and Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (B.E.I.)
| | - Oliver T Kiehn
- From the Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports (M.N., P.P., O.T.K., C.M., T.S.J., J.E., L.G., Y.H.) and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences (M.S.N.), University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Orthopedics, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark (T.S.J.); and Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (B.E.I.)
| | - Christian Maagaard
- From the Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports (M.N., P.P., O.T.K., C.M., T.S.J., J.E., L.G., Y.H.) and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences (M.S.N.), University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Orthopedics, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark (T.S.J.); and Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (B.E.I.)
| | - Tue S Jørgensen
- From the Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports (M.N., P.P., O.T.K., C.M., T.S.J., J.E., L.G., Y.H.) and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences (M.S.N.), University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Orthopedics, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark (T.S.J.); and Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (B.E.I.)
| | - Jon Egelund
- From the Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports (M.N., P.P., O.T.K., C.M., T.S.J., J.E., L.G., Y.H.) and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences (M.S.N.), University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Orthopedics, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark (T.S.J.); and Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (B.E.I.)
| | - Brant E Isakson
- From the Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports (M.N., P.P., O.T.K., C.M., T.S.J., J.E., L.G., Y.H.) and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences (M.S.N.), University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Orthopedics, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark (T.S.J.); and Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (B.E.I.)
| | - Morten S Nielsen
- From the Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports (M.N., P.P., O.T.K., C.M., T.S.J., J.E., L.G., Y.H.) and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences (M.S.N.), University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Orthopedics, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark (T.S.J.); and Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (B.E.I.)
| | - Lasse Gliemann
- From the Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports (M.N., P.P., O.T.K., C.M., T.S.J., J.E., L.G., Y.H.) and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences (M.S.N.), University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Orthopedics, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark (T.S.J.); and Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (B.E.I.)
| | - Ylva Hellsten
- From the Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports (M.N., P.P., O.T.K., C.M., T.S.J., J.E., L.G., Y.H.) and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences (M.S.N.), University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Orthopedics, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark (T.S.J.); and Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (B.E.I.).
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16
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Leybaert L, Lampe PD, Dhein S, Kwak BR, Ferdinandy P, Beyer EC, Laird DW, Naus CC, Green CR, Schulz R. Connexins in Cardiovascular and Neurovascular Health and Disease: Pharmacological Implications. Pharmacol Rev 2017; 69:396-478. [PMID: 28931622 PMCID: PMC5612248 DOI: 10.1124/pr.115.012062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Connexins are ubiquitous channel forming proteins that assemble as plasma membrane hemichannels and as intercellular gap junction channels that directly connect cells. In the heart, gap junction channels electrically connect myocytes and specialized conductive tissues to coordinate the atrial and ventricular contraction/relaxation cycles and pump function. In blood vessels, these channels facilitate long-distance endothelial cell communication, synchronize smooth muscle cell contraction, and support endothelial-smooth muscle cell communication. In the central nervous system they form cellular syncytia and coordinate neural function. Gap junction channels are normally open and hemichannels are normally closed, but pathologic conditions may restrict gap junction communication and promote hemichannel opening, thereby disturbing a delicate cellular communication balance. Until recently, most connexin-targeting agents exhibited little specificity and several off-target effects. Recent work with peptide-based approaches has demonstrated improved specificity and opened avenues for a more rational approach toward independently modulating the function of gap junctions and hemichannels. We here review the role of connexins and their channels in cardiovascular and neurovascular health and disease, focusing on crucial regulatory aspects and identification of potential targets to modify their function. We conclude that peptide-based investigations have raised several new opportunities for interfering with connexins and their channels that may soon allow preservation of gap junction communication, inhibition of hemichannel opening, and mitigation of inflammatory signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luc Leybaert
- Physiology Group, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium (L.L.); Translational Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington (P.D.L.); Institute for Pharmacology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany (S.D.); Department of Pathology and Immunology, Department of Medical Specialization-Cardiology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (B.R.K.); Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (P.F.); Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary (P.F.); Department of Pediatrics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (E.C.B.); Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Western Ontario, Dental Science Building, London, Ontario, Canada (D.W.L.); Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (C.C.N.); Department of Ophthalmology and The New Zealand National Eye Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand (C.R.G.); and Physiologisches Institut, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Giessen, Germany (R.S.)
| | - Paul D Lampe
- Physiology Group, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium (L.L.); Translational Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington (P.D.L.); Institute for Pharmacology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany (S.D.); Department of Pathology and Immunology, Department of Medical Specialization-Cardiology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (B.R.K.); Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (P.F.); Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary (P.F.); Department of Pediatrics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (E.C.B.); Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Western Ontario, Dental Science Building, London, Ontario, Canada (D.W.L.); Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (C.C.N.); Department of Ophthalmology and The New Zealand National Eye Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand (C.R.G.); and Physiologisches Institut, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Giessen, Germany (R.S.)
| | - Stefan Dhein
- Physiology Group, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium (L.L.); Translational Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington (P.D.L.); Institute for Pharmacology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany (S.D.); Department of Pathology and Immunology, Department of Medical Specialization-Cardiology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (B.R.K.); Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (P.F.); Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary (P.F.); Department of Pediatrics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (E.C.B.); Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Western Ontario, Dental Science Building, London, Ontario, Canada (D.W.L.); Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (C.C.N.); Department of Ophthalmology and The New Zealand National Eye Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand (C.R.G.); and Physiologisches Institut, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Giessen, Germany (R.S.)
| | - Brenda R Kwak
- Physiology Group, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium (L.L.); Translational Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington (P.D.L.); Institute for Pharmacology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany (S.D.); Department of Pathology and Immunology, Department of Medical Specialization-Cardiology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (B.R.K.); Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (P.F.); Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary (P.F.); Department of Pediatrics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (E.C.B.); Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Western Ontario, Dental Science Building, London, Ontario, Canada (D.W.L.); Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (C.C.N.); Department of Ophthalmology and The New Zealand National Eye Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand (C.R.G.); and Physiologisches Institut, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Giessen, Germany (R.S.)
| | - Peter Ferdinandy
- Physiology Group, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium (L.L.); Translational Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington (P.D.L.); Institute for Pharmacology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany (S.D.); Department of Pathology and Immunology, Department of Medical Specialization-Cardiology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (B.R.K.); Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (P.F.); Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary (P.F.); Department of Pediatrics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (E.C.B.); Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Western Ontario, Dental Science Building, London, Ontario, Canada (D.W.L.); Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (C.C.N.); Department of Ophthalmology and The New Zealand National Eye Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand (C.R.G.); and Physiologisches Institut, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Giessen, Germany (R.S.)
| | - Eric C Beyer
- Physiology Group, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium (L.L.); Translational Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington (P.D.L.); Institute for Pharmacology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany (S.D.); Department of Pathology and Immunology, Department of Medical Specialization-Cardiology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (B.R.K.); Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (P.F.); Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary (P.F.); Department of Pediatrics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (E.C.B.); Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Western Ontario, Dental Science Building, London, Ontario, Canada (D.W.L.); Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (C.C.N.); Department of Ophthalmology and The New Zealand National Eye Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand (C.R.G.); and Physiologisches Institut, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Giessen, Germany (R.S.)
| | - Dale W Laird
- Physiology Group, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium (L.L.); Translational Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington (P.D.L.); Institute for Pharmacology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany (S.D.); Department of Pathology and Immunology, Department of Medical Specialization-Cardiology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (B.R.K.); Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (P.F.); Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary (P.F.); Department of Pediatrics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (E.C.B.); Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Western Ontario, Dental Science Building, London, Ontario, Canada (D.W.L.); Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (C.C.N.); Department of Ophthalmology and The New Zealand National Eye Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand (C.R.G.); and Physiologisches Institut, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Giessen, Germany (R.S.)
| | - Christian C Naus
- Physiology Group, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium (L.L.); Translational Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington (P.D.L.); Institute for Pharmacology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany (S.D.); Department of Pathology and Immunology, Department of Medical Specialization-Cardiology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (B.R.K.); Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (P.F.); Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary (P.F.); Department of Pediatrics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (E.C.B.); Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Western Ontario, Dental Science Building, London, Ontario, Canada (D.W.L.); Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (C.C.N.); Department of Ophthalmology and The New Zealand National Eye Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand (C.R.G.); and Physiologisches Institut, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Giessen, Germany (R.S.)
| | - Colin R Green
- Physiology Group, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium (L.L.); Translational Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington (P.D.L.); Institute for Pharmacology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany (S.D.); Department of Pathology and Immunology, Department of Medical Specialization-Cardiology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (B.R.K.); Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (P.F.); Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary (P.F.); Department of Pediatrics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (E.C.B.); Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Western Ontario, Dental Science Building, London, Ontario, Canada (D.W.L.); Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (C.C.N.); Department of Ophthalmology and The New Zealand National Eye Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand (C.R.G.); and Physiologisches Institut, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Giessen, Germany (R.S.)
| | - Rainer Schulz
- Physiology Group, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium (L.L.); Translational Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington (P.D.L.); Institute for Pharmacology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany (S.D.); Department of Pathology and Immunology, Department of Medical Specialization-Cardiology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (B.R.K.); Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (P.F.); Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary (P.F.); Department of Pediatrics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (E.C.B.); Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Western Ontario, Dental Science Building, London, Ontario, Canada (D.W.L.); Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (C.C.N.); Department of Ophthalmology and The New Zealand National Eye Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand (C.R.G.); and Physiologisches Institut, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Giessen, Germany (R.S.)
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17
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Begandt D, Good ME, Keller AS, DeLalio LJ, Rowley C, Isakson BE, Figueroa XF. Pannexin channel and connexin hemichannel expression in vascular function and inflammation. BMC Cell Biol 2017; 18:2. [PMID: 28124621 PMCID: PMC5267334 DOI: 10.1186/s12860-016-0119-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Control of blood flow distribution and tissue homeostasis depend on the tight regulation of and coordination between the microvascular network and circulating blood cells. Channels formed by connexins or pannexins that connect the intra- and extracellular compartments allow the release of paracrine signals, such as ATP and prostaglandins, and thus play a central role in achieving fine regulation and coordination of vascular function. This review focuses on vascular connexin hemichannels and pannexin channels. We review their expression pattern within the arterial and venous system with a special emphasis on how post-translational modifications by phosphorylation and S-nitrosylation of these channels modulate their function and contribute to vascular homeostasis. Furthermore, we highlight the contribution of these channels in smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells in the regulation of vasomotor tone as well as how these channels in endothelial cells regulate inflammatory responses such as during ischemic and hypoxic conditions. In addition, this review will touch on recent evidence implicating a role for these proteins in regulating red blood cell and platelet function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Begandt
- Robert M Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Miranda E Good
- Robert M Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Alex S Keller
- Robert M Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Leon J DeLalio
- Robert M Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Carol Rowley
- Robert M Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Brant E Isakson
- Robert M Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA.,Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Xavier F Figueroa
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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Wang S, Chennupati R, Kaur H, Iring A, Wettschureck N, Offermanns S. Endothelial cation channel PIEZO1 controls blood pressure by mediating flow-induced ATP release. J Clin Invest 2016; 126:4527-4536. [PMID: 27797339 DOI: 10.1172/jci87343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 363] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Arterial blood pressure is controlled by vasodilatory factors such as nitric oxide (NO) that are released from the endothelium under the influence of fluid shear stress exerted by flowing blood. Flow-induced endothelial release of ATP and subsequent activation of Gq/G11-coupled purinergic P2Y2 receptors have been shown to mediate fluid shear stress-induced stimulation of NO formation. However, the mechanism by which fluid shear stress initiates these processes is unclear. Here, we have shown that the endothelial mechanosensitive cation channel PIEZO1 is required for flow-induced ATP release and subsequent P2Y2/Gq/G11-mediated activation of downstream signaling that results in phosphorylation and activation of AKT and endothelial NOS. We also demonstrated that PIEZO1-dependent ATP release is mediated in part by pannexin channels. The PIEZO1 activator Yoda1 mimicked the effect of fluid shear stress on endothelial cells and induced vasorelaxation in a PIEZO1-dependent manner. Furthermore, mice with induced endothelium-specific PIEZO1 deficiency lost the ability to induce NO formation and vasodilation in response to flow and consequently developed hypertension. Together, our data demonstrate that PIEZO1 is required for the regulation of NO formation, vascular tone, and blood pressure.
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Diezmos EF, Bertrand PP, Liu L. Purinergic Signaling in Gut Inflammation: The Role of Connexins and Pannexins. Front Neurosci 2016; 10:311. [PMID: 27445679 PMCID: PMC4925662 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2016.00311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purinergic receptors play an important role in inflammation, and can be activated by ATP released via pannexin channels and/or connexin hemichannels. The purinergic P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) is of interest since it is involved in apoptosis when activated. Most studies focus on the influence of pannexin-1 (Panx1) and connexin 43 (Cx43) on ATP release and how it affects P2X7R function during inflammation. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by uncontrolled inflammation within the gastrointestinal system. At present, the pathophysiology of this disease remains largely unknown but it may involve the interplay between P2X7R, Panx1, and Cx43. There are two main types of IBD, ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, that are classified by their location and frequency of inflammation. Current research suggests that alterations to normal functioning of innate and adaptive immunity may be a factor in disease progression. The involvement of purinergic receptors, connexins, and pannexins in IBD is a relatively novel notion in the context of gastrointestinal inflammation, and has been explored by various research groups. Thus, the present review focuses on the current research involving connexins, pannexins, and purinergic receptors within the gut and enteric nervous system, and will examine their involvement in inflammation and the pathophysiology of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica F Diezmos
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Paul P Bertrand
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South WalesSydney, NSW, Australia; School of Medical Sciences, RMIT UniversityBundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Lu Liu
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Interdependence of ATP signalling and pannexin channels; the servant was really the master all along? Biochem J 2016; 472:e27-30. [PMID: 26613946 DOI: 10.1042/bj20151016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Pannexin channels are recognized as important conduits for the release of ATP, which contributes to purinergic signalling. Pathologically, ATP release via these channels acts as a find-me signal for apoptotic cell clearance. Accordingly, there is considerable and growing interest in understanding the function and regulation of pannexin channels. In a recent issue of the Biochemical Journal, Boyce et al. provide evidence that the surface expression of pannexin channels is regulated by extracellular ATP. They propose a model in which ATP triggers pannexin channel internalization through a pathway involving clathrin- and caveolin-independent entry into early endosomes. Intriguingly, their evidence suggests that internalization is initiated through the association of ATP with pannexin channels themselves as well as ionotropic purinergic receptor 7 (P2X7) receptors.
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21
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Osteoarthritis is what the people have. J Mol Med (Berl) 2015; 93:819-21. [PMID: 26175089 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-015-1316-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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