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Jiang X, Zhang Z, Hou M, Yang X, Cui L. Plasma exosomes and contained MiRNAs affect the reproductive phenotype in polycystic ovary syndrome. FASEB J 2023; 37:e22960. [PMID: 37335566 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202201940rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Anovulation is the main feature of infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and there is very limited understanding of the role of plasma exosomes and miRNAs in it. To identify the effect of PCOS patients' plasma exosomes and exosomal miRNAs, we isolated plasma exosomes of PCOS patients and normal women and injected into 8-week-old ICR female mice via tail vein. The changes in estrus cycle, serum hormone levels, and ovarian morphology were observed. KGN cells were cultured and transfected with mimics and inhibitors of differentially expressed exosomal miRNAs (miR-18a-3p, miR-20b-5p, miR-106a-5p, miR-126-3p, and miR-146a-5p) and then tested for steroid hormone synthesis, proliferation, and apoptosis. The results showed that female ICR mice injected with plasma exosomes from PCOS patients presented ovarian oligo-cyclicity. Hormone synthesis and proliferation of granulosa cells were affected by differentially expressed PCOS plasma-derived exosomal miRNAs, of which miR-126-3p having the most evident effect. MiR-126-3p affected the proliferation of granulosa cells by inhibiting PDGFRβ and its downstream PI3K-AKT pathway. Our results demonstrated plasma exosomes and contained miRNAs in PCOS patients affect the estrus cycle of mice, hormone secretion, and proliferation of granulosa cells. This study provides a novel understanding about the function of plasma exosomes and exosomal miRNAs in PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Jiang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Research Unit of Gametogenesis and Health of ART-Offspring, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Technology Innovation Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, Shandong, China
- National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhirong Zhang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Research Unit of Gametogenesis and Health of ART-Offspring, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Technology Innovation Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, Shandong, China
- National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Min Hou
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Research Unit of Gametogenesis and Health of ART-Offspring, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Technology Innovation Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, Shandong, China
- National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaohe Yang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Research Unit of Gametogenesis and Health of ART-Offspring, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Technology Innovation Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, Shandong, China
- National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Linlin Cui
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Research Unit of Gametogenesis and Health of ART-Offspring, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Technology Innovation Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, Shandong, China
- National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Nabil R, Hassan NM, Abdellateif MS, Gawdat RM, Elshazly SS. The prognostic role of C-KIT, TET1 and TET2 gene expression in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:641-653. [PMID: 36371552 PMCID: PMC9884250 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-08000-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AIM was to assess the role of C-KIT, TET1 and TET2 expression in the diagnosis and prognosis of acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML). METHODS The expression levels of C-KIT, TET1 and TET2 were assessed in the bone marrow (BM) aspirate of 152 AML patients compared to 20 healthy control using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Data were correlated with the clinico-pathological features of the patients, response to treatment, disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS) rates. RESULTS C-KIT, TET1 and TET2 were significantly upregulated in AML patients [0.25 (0-11.6), 0.0113 (0-3.301), and 0.07 (0-4); respectively], compared to the control group [0.013 (0.005-0.250), P < 0.001, 0.001 (0-0.006), P < 0.001, and 0.02 (0.008-0.055), P = 0.019; respectively]. The sensitivity, specificity, and area under curve of of C-KIT were (48.7%, 100%, 0.855; respectively, P = 0.001), and that of TET1 were (63.4%, 100%, 0.897; respectively, P = 0.001), while that of TET2 were (56.8%, 100%, 0.766; respectively, P = 0.019). When combining the three markers, the sensitivity was 77.5%, however it reached the highest sensitivity (78.6%) and specificity (100%) when combining both c-KIT + TET1 together for the diagnosis of AML. C-KIT overexpression associated with shorter DFS (P = 0.05) and increased incidence of relapse (P = 0.019). Lymph nodes involvement [HR = 2.200, P = 0.005] is an independent risk factor for shorter OS rate of AML patients. Increased BM blast % [HR = 7.768, P = 0.002], and FLT3-ITD mutation [HR = 2.989, P = 0.032] are independent risk factors for shorter DSF rate of the patients. CONCLUSION C-KIT, TET1, and TET2 could be used as possible useful biomarkers for the diagnosis of AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem Nabil
- Clinical pathology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Naglaa M Hassan
- Clinical pathology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mona S Abdellateif
- Medical Biochemistry and molecular biology, Cancer Biology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Rania M Gawdat
- Clinical and chemical pathology department, Faculty of medicine, Beni Suef university, Beni Suef, Egypt
| | - Samar Sami Elshazly
- Clinical pathology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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3
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Akram AM, Hassan M, Chaudhary A, Hayat S, Ali Q, Hussain T, Zafar A, Javed MA. Identification and in silico analysis of noval alteration Arg420Gly in KIT proto oncogene among acute myeloid leukemia patients. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19252. [PMID: 36357474 PMCID: PMC9649709 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23934-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A number of studies have reported frequent incidence of c-kit gene mutations in association with core binding factor acute myeloid leukemia (CBF-AML). These genetic changes have become important prognostic predictors in patients with abnormal karyotype. Aim of this study was the detection of nucleotide alterations in newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia patients for three exons of c-kit gene, including cytogenetically normal patients. Thirty-one de novo AML patients were screened for any possible variations in exon 8, 11 and 17 sequences of c-kit proto-oncogene leading to amino acid substitutions or frame shift. Sanger sequencing method was employed followed by sequence analysis. Mutation data was then correlated with clinical and hematological parameters of patients and prognostic significance of genetic changes was assessed as well. The computational tools were then used to further understand the extent of damage caused by these mutations to c-kit protein. Fifteen (48.4%) mutant patients were observed with single, double or multiple mutations in one, two or all three exons studied. The analysis revealed eight new alterations which were not reported previously. Significant variation among mutant and non-mutant group of patients was observed with respect to FAB subtypes (x2 = 12.524, p = 0.029), Spleen size (x2 = 4.288, p = 0.038) and Red blood cell count (x2 = 8.447, p = 0.007). The survival analysis indicates poor overall and event free survival outcomes in mutant individuals. Furthermore, the in silico analysis suggests that changes in nucleotide sequences can possibly damage the protein structure and effect it's function. This study emphasizes the need to consider screening of c-kit gene alterations not only in CBF-AML but in cytogenetically normal AML patients as well. In current investigation the effect of mutation Arg420Gly on structure and function of c-kit protein was investigated, as this was the most observed substitution in present cohort. Various bioinformatics tools and techniques were employed, which determined that Arg420Gly is possibly non-pathogenic mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afia Muhammad Akram
- grid.440554.40000 0004 0609 0414Department of Zoology, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Township Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mubashir Hassan
- grid.440564.70000 0001 0415 4232Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Asma Chaudhary
- grid.440554.40000 0004 0609 0414Department of Zoology, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Township Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sikandar Hayat
- grid.440564.70000 0001 0415 4232Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Qurban Ali
- grid.11173.350000 0001 0670 519XDepartment of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Taha Hussain
- grid.440554.40000 0004 0609 0414Department of Zoology, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Township Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Amjad Zafar
- grid.414714.30000 0004 0371 6979Department of Oncology, Mayo Hospital, Anarkali Bazar, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Arshad Javed
- grid.11173.350000 0001 0670 519XDepartment of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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Parinet V, Chapiro E, Bidet A, Gaillard B, Maarek O, Simon L, Lefebvre C, Defasque S, Mozziconacci MJ, Quinquenel A, Decamp M, Lifermann F, Ali-Ammar N, Maillon A, Baron M, Martin M, Struski S, Penther D, Micol JB, Auger N, Bilhou-Nabera C, Martignoles JA, Tondeur S, Nguyen-Khac F, Hirsch P, Roos-Weil D. Myeloid malignancies with translocation t(4;12)(q11-13;p13): molecular landscape, clonal hierarchy and clinical outcomes. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:9557-9566. [PMID: 34492730 PMCID: PMC8505829 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Translocation t(4;12)(q11‐13;p13) is a recurrent but very rare chromosomal aberration in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) resulting in the non‐constant expression of a CHIC2/ETV6 fusion transcript. We report clinico‐biological features, molecular characteristics and outcomes of 21 cases of t(4;12) including 19 AML and two myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). Median age at the time of t(4;12) was 78 years (range, 56–88). Multilineage dysplasia was described in 10 of 19 (53%) AML cases and CD7 and/or CD56 expression in 90%. FISH analyses identified ETV6 and CHIC2 region rearrangements in respectively 18 of 18 and 15 of 17 studied cases. The t(4;12) was the sole cytogenetic abnormality in 48% of cases. The most frequent associated mutated genes were ASXL1 (n = 8/16, 50%), IDH1/2 (n = 7/16, 44%), SRSF2 (n = 5/16, 31%) and RUNX1 (n = 4/16, 25%). Interestingly, concurrent FISH and molecular analyses showed that t(4;12) can be, but not always, a founding oncogenic event. Median OS was 7.8 months for the entire cohort. In the 16 of 21 patients (76%) who received antitumoral treatment, overall response and first complete remission rates were 37% and 31%, respectively. Median progression‐free survival in responders was 13.7 months. Finally, t(4;12) cases harboured many characteristics of AML with myelodysplasia‐related changes (multilineage dysplasia, MDS‐related cytogenetic abnormalities, frequent ASXL1 mutations) and a poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Parinet
- Sorbonne Université, Service d'Hématologie Clinique, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Elise Chapiro
- Sorbonne Université, Unité de Cytogénétique, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP, Paris, France.,Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Inserm, Université de Paris, Cell Death and Drug Resistance in Lymphoproliferative Disorders Team, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Audrey Bidet
- Laboratoire d'Hématologie Biologique, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Baptiste Gaillard
- Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Hôpital Robert Debré, Reims, France.,Laboratoire de cytogénétique, Centre Hospitalier de Troyes, Troyes, France
| | - Odile Maarek
- Hematology Laboratory, Hôpital Saint-Louis, APHP, University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Laurence Simon
- Sorbonne Université, Service d'Hématologie Clinique, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Christine Lefebvre
- Laboratoire de Génétique des Hémopathies, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Sabine Defasque
- Secteur cytogénétique hématologique, Laboratoire CERBA, Saint-Ouen l'Aumône, France
| | | | - Anne Quinquenel
- CHU de Reims, Hôpital Robert Debré, Reims, France.,Unité de Formation et de recherche (UFR) Médecine, Université Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | | | | | - Nadia Ali-Ammar
- Sorbonne Université, Service d'Hématologie Clinique, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Agathe Maillon
- Sorbonne Université, Unité de Cytogénétique, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Marine Baron
- Sorbonne Université, Service d'Hématologie Clinique, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Mélanie Martin
- Laboratoire de Cytogénétique, CHU Caremeau, Nîmes, France
| | - Stéphanie Struski
- Laboratoire d'hématologie/Plateau Technique Hématologie-Oncologie, IUCT Oncopole, Toulouse, France
| | - Dominique Penther
- Laboratoire de Génétique Oncologique, CLCC Henri Becquerel & INSERM U1245, Rouen, France
| | - Jean-Baptiste Micol
- Hematology Department, Gustave Roussy, Paris-Saclay University, Villejuif, France
| | - Nathalie Auger
- Laboratoire de Cytogénétique, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Chrystèle Bilhou-Nabera
- Service d'Hématologie Biologique, Unité de Cytogénétique onco-hématologique, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, APHP, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.,Département d'hématologie biologique, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine Sorbonne, Université, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Alain Martignoles
- Département d'hématologie biologique, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine Sorbonne, Université, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
| | - Sylvie Tondeur
- Laboratoire de Génétique des Hémopathies, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Florence Nguyen-Khac
- Sorbonne Université, Unité de Cytogénétique, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP, Paris, France.,Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Inserm, Université de Paris, Cell Death and Drug Resistance in Lymphoproliferative Disorders Team, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Hirsch
- Département d'hématologie biologique, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine Sorbonne, Université, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
| | - Damien Roos-Weil
- Sorbonne Université, Service d'Hématologie Clinique, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP, Paris, France.,Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Inserm, Université de Paris, Cell Death and Drug Resistance in Lymphoproliferative Disorders Team, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
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5
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Panagopoulos I, Heim S. Interstitial Deletions Generating Fusion Genes. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2021; 18:167-196. [PMID: 33893073 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A fusion gene is the physical juxtaposition of two different genes resulting in a structure consisting of the head of one gene and the tail of the other. Gene fusion is often a primary neoplasia-inducing event in leukemias, lymphomas, solid malignancies as well as benign tumors. Knowledge about fusion genes is crucial not only for our understanding of tumorigenesis, but also for the diagnosis, prognostication, and treatment of cancer. Balanced chromosomal rearrangements, in particular translocations and inversions, are the most frequent genetic events leading to the generation of fusion genes. In the present review, we summarize the existing knowledge on chromosome deletions as a mechanism for fusion gene formation. Such deletions are mostly submicroscopic and, hence, not detected by cytogenetic analyses but by array comparative genome hybridization (aCGH) and/or high throughput sequencing (HTS). They are found across the genome in a variety of neoplasias. As tumors are increasingly analyzed using aCGH and HTS, it is likely that more interstitial deletions giving rise to fusion genes will be found, significantly impacting our understanding and treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Panagopoulos
- Section for Cancer Cytogenetics, Institute for Cancer Genetics and Informatics, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway;
| | - Sverre Heim
- Section for Cancer Cytogenetics, Institute for Cancer Genetics and Informatics, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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6
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Qu Y, Zhang S, Qu Y, Guo H, Wang S, Wang X, Huang T, Zhou H. Novel Gene Signature Reveals Prognostic Model in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Front Genet 2020; 11:566024. [PMID: 33193652 PMCID: PMC7655922 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.566024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a clonal malignant disease with poor prognosis and a low overall survival rate. Although many studies on the treatment and detection of AML have been conducted, the molecular mechanism of AML development and progression has not been fully elucidated. The present study was designed to pursuit the molecular mechanism of AML using a comprehensive bioinformatics analysis, and build an applicable model to predict the survival probability of AML patients in clinical use. Methods To simplify the complicated regulatory networks, we performed the gene co-expression and PPI network based on WGCNA and STRING database using modularization design. Two machine learning methods, A least absolute shrinkage and selector operation (LASSO) algorithm and support vector machine-recursive feature elimination (SVM-RFE), were used to filter the common hub genes by five-fold cross-validation. The candidate hub genes were used to build the predictive model of AML by the cox-proportional hazards analysis, and validated in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort and ohsu cohort, which were reliable in the experimental verification by qRT-PCR and western blotting in mRNA and protein levels. Results Three hub genes, FLT3, CD177 and TTPAL were used to build a clinically applicable model to predict the survival probability of AML patients and divided them into high and low groups. To compare the survival ability of the model with the classical clinical features, we generated the nomogram. The model displayed the most risk points contrast to other clinical characteristics, which was compatible with the data of cox multivariate regression. Conclusion This study reveal the novel molecular mechanism of AML, and construct a clinical model significantly related to AML patient prognosis. We showed the integrated roles of critical pathways, hub genes associated, which provide potential targets and new research ideas for the treatment and early detection of AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Qu
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical College, Qiqihar, China
| | - Shuying Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical College, Qiqihar, China
| | - Yanzhang Qu
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical College, Qiqihar, China
| | - Heng Guo
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical College, Qiqihar, China
| | - Suling Wang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical College, Qiqihar, China
| | - Xuemei Wang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical College, Qiqihar, China
| | - Tianjiao Huang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical College, Qiqihar, China
| | - Hong Zhou
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical College, Qiqihar, China
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7
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Garrido-Trigo A, Salas A. Molecular Structure and Function of Janus Kinases: Implications for the Development of Inhibitors. J Crohns Colitis 2020; 14:S713-S724. [PMID: 32083640 PMCID: PMC7395311 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjz206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cytokines can trigger multiple signalling pathways, including Janus tyrosine kinases [JAK] and signal transducers and activators of transcription [STATS] pathways. JAKs are cytoplasmic proteins that, following the binding of cytokines to their receptors, transduce the signal by phosphorylating STAT proteins which enter the nuclei and rapidly target gene promoters to regulate gene transcription. Due to the critical involvement of JAK proteins in mediating innate and adaptive immune responses, these family of kinases have become desirable pharmacological targets in inflammatory diseases, including ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. In this review we provide an overview of the main cytokines that signal through the JAK/STAT pathway and the available in vivo evidence on mutant or deleted JAK proteins, and discuss the implications of pharmacologically targeting this kinase family in the context of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Garrido-Trigo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer [IDIBAPS] – CIBEREHD, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Azucena Salas
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer [IDIBAPS] – CIBEREHD, Barcelona, Spain,Corresponding author: Azucena Salas, PhD, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Unit, Department of Gastroenterology, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer [IDIBAPS] – CIBEREHD, Rosselló 149-153, Barcelona 08036, Spain.
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8
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Ghukasyan LG, Krasnov GS, Muravenko OV, Ikonnikova AY, Yurasov RA, Baidun LV, Ibragimova SZ, Nasedkina TV. Driver Mutations in Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Inversion of Chromosome 16. Mol Biol 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893320030073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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9
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Klug LR, Kent JD, Heinrich MC. Structural and clinical consequences of activation loop mutations in class III receptor tyrosine kinases. Pharmacol Ther 2018; 191:123-134. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2018.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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10
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Mitchell K, Barreyro L, Todorova TI, Taylor SJ, Antony-Debré I, Narayanagari SR, Carvajal LA, Leite J, Piperdi Z, Pendurti G, Mantzaris I, Paietta E, Verma A, Gritsman K, Steidl U. IL1RAP potentiates multiple oncogenic signaling pathways in AML. J Exp Med 2018; 215:1709-1727. [PMID: 29773641 PMCID: PMC5987926 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20180147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The surface molecule interleukin-1 receptor accessory protein (IL1RAP) is consistently overexpressed across multiple genetic subtypes of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and other myeloid malignancies, including at the stem cell level, and is emerging as a novel therapeutic target. However, the cell-intrinsic functions of IL1RAP in AML cells are largely unknown. Here, we show that targeting of IL1RAP via RNA interference, genetic deletion, or antibodies inhibits AML pathogenesis in vitro and in vivo, without perturbing healthy hematopoietic function or viability. Furthermore, we found that the role of IL1RAP is not restricted to the IL-1 receptor pathway, but that IL1RAP physically interacts with and mediates signaling and pro-proliferative effects through FLT3 and c-KIT, two receptor tyrosine kinases with known key roles in AML pathogenesis. Our study provides a new mechanistic basis for the efficacy of IL1RAP targeting in AML and reveals a novel role for this protein in the pathogenesis of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Mitchell
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Laura Barreyro
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | | | - Samuel J Taylor
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | | | | | - Luis A Carvajal
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Joana Leite
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Zubair Piperdi
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Gopichand Pendurti
- Department of Medicine (Oncology), Division of Hemato-Oncology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine-Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY
| | - Ioannis Mantzaris
- Department of Medicine (Oncology), Division of Hemato-Oncology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine-Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY
| | - Elisabeth Paietta
- Department of Medicine (Oncology), Division of Hemato-Oncology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine-Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY
- Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Amit Verma
- Department of Medicine (Oncology), Division of Hemato-Oncology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine-Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY
- Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Kira Gritsman
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
- Department of Medicine (Oncology), Division of Hemato-Oncology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine-Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY
- Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Ulrich Steidl
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
- Department of Medicine (Oncology), Division of Hemato-Oncology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine-Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY
- Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
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11
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12
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Li J, Xu J, Abruzzo LV, Tang G, Li S, You MJ, Lu G, Jabbour EJ, Deng Q, Bueso-Ramos CE, Medeiros LJ, Yin CC. Acute myeloid leukemia with t(4;12)(q12;p13): an aggressive disease with frequent involvement of PDGFRA and ETV6. Oncotarget 2017. [PMID: 29541391 PMCID: PMC5834280 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe the clinical, morphologic, immunophenotypic and molecular genetic features of 15 cases of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with t(4;12)(q12;p13). There were 9 men and 6 women, with a median age of 50 years (range, 17–76). Most patients had hypercellular bone marrow with a median blast count of 58% and multilineage dysplasia. Flow cytometry analysis showed myeloid lineage with blasts positive for CD13, CD33, CD34, CD38, CD117 and HLA-DR. Interestingly, aberrant CD7 expression was detected in 12/14 cases, and myeloperoxidase was either negative (3/15) or positive in only a small subset of the blasts (12/15). t(4;12)(q12;p13) was detected at time of initial diagnosis in 4 and at relapse or progression in 9 patients. The initial karyotype was unknown in 2 cases. FISH analysis showed PDGFRA-ETV6 rearrangement in all 7 cases assessed. FLT3 ITD was detected in 2/11 cases and IDH2 and JAK2 mutation were each detected in 1/2 cases assessed. There were no mutations of KRAS (0/8), NRAS (0/8), CEBPA (0/3), KIT (0/3), NPM1 (0/3) or IDH1 (0/2). All patients received aggressive multiagent chemotherapy; 7 patients additionally received stem cell transplantation. With a median follow-up of 10 months (range, 6–51), 13 patients died of AML, 1 patient had persistent disease, and 1 patient was lost to follow-up. In summary, AML with t(4;12)(q12;p13) is usually associated with myelodysplasia, aberrant CD7 expression, weak of absent myeloperoxidase expression, frequent PDGFRA-ETV6 fusion, and an aggressive clinical course. The molecular findings suggest that there may be a role for tyrosine kinase inhibitors in patient management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Li
- Department of Hematopathology, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Department of Hematology, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jie Xu
- Department of Hematopathology, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Lynne V Abruzzo
- Department of Hematopathology, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Current address: Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Guilin Tang
- Department of Hematopathology, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Shaoying Li
- Department of Hematopathology, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - M James You
- Department of Hematopathology, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Gary Lu
- Department of Hematopathology, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Current address: Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Greenville, SC, USA
| | - Elias J Jabbour
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Qi Deng
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | | | - L Jeffrey Medeiros
- Department of Hematopathology, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - C Cameron Yin
- Department of Hematopathology, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, China
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13
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Dihydroartemisinin selectively inhibits PDGFRα-positive ovarian cancer growth and metastasis through inducing degradation of PDGFRα protein. Cell Discov 2017; 3:17042. [PMID: 29387451 PMCID: PMC5787695 DOI: 10.1038/celldisc.2017.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
To develop traditional medicines as modern pharmacotherapies, understanding their molecular mechanisms of action can be very helpful. We have recently reported that Artemisinin and its derivatives, which are clinically used anti-malarial drugs, have significant effects against ovarian cancer, but the direct molecular targets and related combination therapy have been unclear. Herein, we report that dihydroartemisinin, one of the most active derivatives of Artemisinin, directly targets platelet-derived growth factor receptor-alpha (PDGFRα) to inhibit ovarian cancer cell growth and metastasis. Dihydroartemisinin directly binds to the intercellular domain of PDGFRα, reducing its protein stability by accelerating its ubiquitin-mediated degradation, which further inactivates downstream phosphoinositide 3-Kinase and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways and subsequently represses epithelial–mesenchymal transition, inhibiting cell growth and metastasis of PDGFRα-positive ovarian cancer in vitro and in vivo. A combinational treatment reveals that dihydroartemisinin sensitizes ovarian cancer cells to PDGFR inhibitors. Our clinical study also finds that PDGFRα is overexpressed and positively correlated with high grade and metastasis in human ovarian cancer. Considering that Artemisinin compounds are currently clinically used drugs with favorable safety profiles, the results from this study will potentiate their use in combination with clinically used PDGFRα inhibitors, leading to maximal therapeutic efficacy with minimal adverse effects in PDGFRα-positive cancer patients. These findings also shed high light on future development of novel Artemisinin-based targeted therapy.
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14
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Sun J, Zhu M, Shen W, Wang C, Dai J, Xu L, Jin G, Hu Z, Ma H, Shen H. A potentially functional polymorphism in ABCG2 predicts clinical outcome of non-small cell lung cancer in a Chinese population. THE PHARMACOGENOMICS JOURNAL 2016; 17:280-285. [PMID: 26951883 DOI: 10.1038/tpj.2016.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Revised: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
ABCG2, CD133 and CD117 are pivotal markers of cancer stem cell, which are involved in carcinogenesis and cancer progression. The expression of these genes has been reported to be associated with the development and progression of many cancers, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We selected and genotyped 9 potentially functional single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the 3 genes in a clinical cohort of 1001 NSCLC patients in a Chinese population. We found that variant genotypes of ABCG2 rs3114020 were associated with a significantly increased risk of death for NSCLC (additive model: adjusted hazard ratio=1.25, 95% confidence intervals=1.10-1.42, P<0.001). Further stepwise regression analysis suggested that rs3114020 was an independent risk factor for the prognosis of NSCLC. Besides, histology interacted with the genetic effect of rs3114020 in relation to NSCLC survival in the interaction analysis. Our findings show that ABCG2 rs3114020 might be one of the candidate biomarkers for NSCLC survival in this Chinese population, especially among patients with adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - M Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - W Shen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - C Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - J Dai
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - L Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Cancer Research, Collaborative Innovation Center For Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - G Jin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Z Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - H Ma
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - H Shen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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15
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GONG SHENGLAN, GUO MENGQIAO, TANG GUSHENG, ZHANG CHUNLING, QIU HUIYING, HU XIAOXIA, YANG JIANMIN. Fusion of platelet-derived growth factor receptor β to CEV14 gene in chronic myelomonocytic leukemia: A case report and review of the literature. Oncol Lett 2016; 11:770-774. [PMID: 26870282 PMCID: PMC4727129 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2015.3949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid tumor possessing platelet-derived growth factor receptor β (PDGFRβ) gene rearrangement is a rare hematological malignancy, which presents with typical characteristics of myeloid proliferation disorders and eosinophilia. In the present study, an elderly chronic myelomonocytic leukemia patient was diagnosed with chromosome rearrangement. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was conducted with a PDGFRβ isolate probe, and gene translocation between PDGFRβ on chromosome 5 and genes on the chromosomes of group D (13-15) was detected. Karyotype analysis revealed a chromosome 5 break, and PDGFRβ-thyroid hormone receptor interactor 11 (CEV14) gene fusion was confirmed via reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), which additionally revealed the chromosome rearrangement t(5;14)(q33;q32). Due to the correlation between PDGFRβ-CEV14 expression and effectiveness of treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors, this fusion gene is considered to be an oncogene. In the present study, an elderly patient was diagnosed with a myeloid tumor associated with the fusion gene PDGFRβ-CEV14, using the methods of FISH and RT-PCR. These methods were confirmed to be of significant value in improving diagnosis, guiding treatment and increasing the cure rate of patients, due to their ability to detect multiple rearrangement genes associated with PDGFRβ in myelodysplastic and myeloproliferative neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- SHENG-LAN GONG
- Department of Hematology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - MENG-QIAO GUO
- Department of Hematology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - GU-SHENG TANG
- Department of Hematology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - CHUN-LING ZHANG
- Department of Hematology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - HUI-YING QIU
- Department of Hematology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - XIAO-XIA HU
- Department of Hematology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - JIAN-MIN YANG
- Department of Hematology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
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A functional polymorphism in CSF1R gene is a novel susceptibility marker for lung cancer among never-smoking females. J Thorac Oncol 2015; 9:1647-55. [PMID: 25144241 DOI: 10.1097/jto.0000000000000310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION It has been estimated that the proportion of never-smokers among females with lung cancer is 53% worldwide and 75% in Korea. We conducted a two-stage study to identify genetic factors responsible for lung cancer susceptibility in female never-smokers. MATERIALS AND METHODS In a discovery set, 1969 potentially functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of 1151 genes, which were related to cancer development and progression, were evaluated using the Affymetrix custom-made GeneChip in 181 female never-smokers with lung cancer and 179 controls. A replication study was performed on an independent cohort of 596 cases and 1194 healthy controls. RESULTS Sixteen SNPs with p < 0.05 for genotype distribution in the discovery set were enrolled in the replication study. Among 16 SNPs, three SNPs (colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor [CSF1R] rs10079250A>G, tumor protein p63 [TP63] rs7631358G>A, and corepressor interacting with RBPJ 1 [CIR1] rs13009079T>C) were found to be significantly associated with lung cancer in the same direction as the discovery set. Homology-based model for CSF1R indicated that the rs10079250A>G leads to increased positive charge of CSF-binding region of CSF1R, thereby increasing the chance of binding between CSF and CSF1R. In addition, this SNP was found to increase the phosphorylation of a mitogen-activated protein kinase, JNK. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that the three SNPs, particularly CSF1R rs10079250, may contribute to lung cancer susceptibility in never-smoking females.
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17
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Swetha RG, Ramaiah S, Anbarasu A. Molecular Dynamics Studies on D835N Mutation in FLT3-Its Impact on FLT3 Protein Structure. J Cell Biochem 2015; 117:1439-45. [PMID: 26566084 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Mutations in Fetal Liver Tyrosine Kinase 3 (FLT3) genes are implicated in the constitutive activation and development of Acute Myeloid Leukaemia (AML). They are involved in signalling pathway of autonomous proliferation and block differentiation in leukaemia cells. FLT3 is considered as a promising target for the therapeutic intervention of AML. There are a few missense mutations associated with FLT3 that are found in AML patients. The D835N mutation is the most frequently observed and the aspartic acid in this position acts as a key residue for the receptor activation. The present study aims to understand the structural effect of D835N mutation in FLT3. We carried out the molecular dynamics (MD) simulation for a period of 120 ns at 300 K. Root-mean square deviation, root-mean square fluctuations, surface accessibility, radius of gyration, hydrogen bond, eigenvector projection analysis, trace of covariance matrix, and density analysis revealed the instability of mutant (D835N) protein. Our study provides new insights on the conformational changes in the mutant (D835N) structure of FLT3 protein. Our observations will be useful for researchers exploring AML and for the development of FLT3 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rayapadi G Swetha
- Medical and Biological Computing Laboratory, School of Biosciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore, 632014, India
| | - Sudha Ramaiah
- Medical and Biological Computing Laboratory, School of Biosciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore, 632014, India
| | - Anand Anbarasu
- Medical and Biological Computing Laboratory, School of Biosciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore, 632014, India
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18
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Larrue C, Saland E, Vergez F, Serhan N, Delabesse E, Mansat-De Mas V, Hospital MA, Tamburini J, Manenti S, Sarry JE, Récher C. Antileukemic Activity of 2-Deoxy-d-Glucose through Inhibition of N-Linked Glycosylation in Acute Myeloid Leukemia with FLT3-ITD or c-KIT Mutations. Mol Cancer Ther 2015. [PMID: 26206337 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-15-0163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We assessed the antileukemic activity of 2-deoxy-d-glucose (2-DG) through the modulation of expression of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK) commonly mutated in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We used human leukemic cell lines cells, both in vitro and in vivo, as well as leukemic samples from AML patients to demonstrate the role of 2-DG in tumor cell growth inhibition. 2-DG, through N-linked glycosylation inhibition, affected the cell-surface expression and cellular signaling of both FTL3-ITD and mutated c-KIT and induced apoptotic cell death. Leukemic cells harboring these mutated RTKs (MV4-11, MOLM-14, Kasumi-1, and TF-1 c-KIT D816V) were the most sensitive to 2-DG treatment in vitro as compared with nonmutated cells. 2-DG activity was also demonstrated in leukemic cells harboring FLT3-TKD mutations resistant to the tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) quizartinib. Moreover, the antileukemic activity of 2-DG was particularly marked in c-KIT-mutated cell lines and cell samples from core binding factor-AML patients. In these cells, 2-DG inhibited the cell-surface expression of c-KIT, abrogated STAT3 and MAPK-ERK pathways, and strongly downregulated the expression of the receptor resulting in a strong in vivo effect in NOD/SCID mice xenografted with Kasumi-1 cells. Finally, we showed that 2-DG decreases Mcl-1 protein expression in AML cells and induces sensitization to both the BH3 mimetic inhibitor of Bcl-xL, Bcl-2 and Bcl-w, ABT-737, and cytarabine. In conclusion, 2-DG displays a significant antileukemic activity in AML with FLT3-ITD or KIT mutations, opening a new therapeutic window in a subset of AML with mutated RTKs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clément Larrue
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), UMR1037 INSERM, ERL5294 CNRS, Toulouse, France. Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Estelle Saland
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), UMR1037 INSERM, ERL5294 CNRS, Toulouse, France. Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - François Vergez
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), UMR1037 INSERM, ERL5294 CNRS, Toulouse, France. Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France. Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole, Toulouse, France
| | - Nizar Serhan
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), UMR1037 INSERM, ERL5294 CNRS, Toulouse, France. Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Eric Delabesse
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), UMR1037 INSERM, ERL5294 CNRS, Toulouse, France. Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France. Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole, Toulouse, France
| | - Véronique Mansat-De Mas
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), UMR1037 INSERM, ERL5294 CNRS, Toulouse, France. Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France. Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole, Toulouse, France
| | - Marie-Anne Hospital
- Institut Cochin, Département Développement, Reproduction, Cancer, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 8104, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1016, Paris, France. Université Paris Descartes, Faculté de Médecine Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Jérôme Tamburini
- Institut Cochin, Département Développement, Reproduction, Cancer, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 8104, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1016, Paris, France. Université Paris Descartes, Faculté de Médecine Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Manenti
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), UMR1037 INSERM, ERL5294 CNRS, Toulouse, France. Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean Emmanuel Sarry
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), UMR1037 INSERM, ERL5294 CNRS, Toulouse, France. Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Christian Récher
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), UMR1037 INSERM, ERL5294 CNRS, Toulouse, France. Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France. Service d'Hématologie, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole, Toulouse, France.
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19
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Abstract
Deranged pathway activation and KIT mutations occur in numerous solid and haematological malignancies, with gain-of-function mutations being the most common demonstrable abnormality. Through a complex series of interactions, activation of the KIT receptor tyrosine kinase leads to cell survival, evasion of apoptosis, angiogenesis, dysregulated cell cycle control and promotion of tumourigenesis. The KIT receptor tyrosine kinase is a well-studied therapeutic target in human malignancies. The KIT mutational status of a neoplasm plays an important role in predicting the response to targeted therapies. In this article we outline the structure, function and mutations of the KIT gene, its role in various neoplasms, therapeutic impacts and the role that these play in clinical patient outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riyaadh Roberts
- Division of Anatomical Pathology, University of Cape Town and National Health Laboratory Service, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Dhirendra Govender
- Division of Anatomical Pathology, University of Cape Town and National Health Laboratory Service, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
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20
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Yu M, Li P, Basnet SKC, Kumarasiri M, Diab S, Teo T, Albrecht H, Wang S. Discovery of 4-(dihydropyridinon-3-yl)amino-5-methylthieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives as potent Mnk inhibitors: synthesis, structure-activity relationship analysis and biological evaluation. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 95:116-26. [PMID: 25800647 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Revised: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 03/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Phosphorylation of the eukaryotic initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) by mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-interacting kinases (Mnks) is essential for oncogenesis but unnecessary for normal development. Thus, pharmacological inhibition of Mnks may offer an effective and non-toxic anti-cancer therapeutic strategy. Herein, we report the discovery of 4-(dihydropyridinon-3-yl)amino-5-methylthieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives as potent Mnk inhibitors. Docking study of 7a in Mnk2 suggests that the compound is stabilised in the ATP binding site through multiple hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interaction. Cellular mechanistic studies on MV-4-11 cells with leads 7a, 8e and 8f reveal that they are able to down-regulate the phosphorylated eIF4E, Mcl-1 and cyclin D1, and induce apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingfeng Yu
- Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, Sansom Institute for Health Research and Center for Cancer Biology, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia
| | - Peng Li
- Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, Sansom Institute for Health Research and Center for Cancer Biology, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia
| | - Sunita K C Basnet
- Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, Sansom Institute for Health Research and Center for Cancer Biology, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia
| | - Malika Kumarasiri
- Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, Sansom Institute for Health Research and Center for Cancer Biology, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia
| | - Sarah Diab
- Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, Sansom Institute for Health Research and Center for Cancer Biology, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia
| | - Theodosia Teo
- Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, Sansom Institute for Health Research and Center for Cancer Biology, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia
| | - Hugo Albrecht
- Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, Sansom Institute for Health Research and Center for Cancer Biology, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia
| | - Shudong Wang
- Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, Sansom Institute for Health Research and Center for Cancer Biology, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia.
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21
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Discovery of imatinib-responsive FIP1L1-PDGFRA mutation during refractory acute myeloid leukemia transformation of chronic myelomonocytic leukemia. J Hematol Oncol 2014; 7:26. [PMID: 24669761 PMCID: PMC3994268 DOI: 10.1186/1756-8722-7-26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The FIP1L1-PDGFRA rearrangement results in constitutive activation of the tyrosine kinase PDGFRA. Neoplasms harboring this rearrangement are responsive to imatinib mesylate at doses much lower than those recommended for the treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia. Only a single report has described the identification of FIP1L1-PDGFRA in chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML). Herein, we present a case report of a patient in whom the FIP1L1-PDGFRA was discovered as he evolved from CMML to acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The presence of a dominant neoplastic clone with FIP1L1-PDGFRA rearrangement was suspected on the basis of sudden onset of peripheral and bone marrow eosinophilia and confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridization and molecular diagnostic tests. Whereas the patient was initially refractory to chemotherapy before the rearrangement was detected, subsequent therapy with imatinib led to complete remission.
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22
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Prevalence of c-KIT mutations in gonadoblastoma and dysgerminomas of patients with disorders of sex development (DSD) and ovarian dysgerminomas. PLoS One 2012; 7:e43952. [PMID: 22937135 PMCID: PMC3429439 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0043952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2012] [Accepted: 07/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Activating c-KIT mutations (exons 11 and 17) are found in 10–40% of testicular seminomas, the majority being missense point mutations (codon 816). Malignant ovarian dysgerminomas represent ∼3% of all ovarian cancers in Western countries, resembling testicular seminomas, regarding chromosomal aberrations and c-KIT mutations. DSD patients with specific Y-sequences have an increased risk for Type II Germ Cell Tumor/Cancer, with gonadoblastoma as precursor progressing to dysgerminoma. Here we present analysis of c-KIT exon 8, 9, 11, 13 and 17, and PDGFRA exon 12, 14 and 18 by conventional sequencing together with mutational analysis of c-KIT codon 816 by a sensitive and specific LightCycler melting curve analysis, confirmed by sequencing. The results are combined with data on TSPY and OCT3/4 expression in a series of 16 DSD patients presenting with gonadoblastoma and dysgerminoma and 15 patients presenting pure ovarian dysgerminomas without DSD. c-KIT codon 816 mutations were detected in five out of the total of 31 cases (all found in pure ovarian dysgerminomas). A synonymous SNP (rs 5578615) was detected in two patients, one DSD patient (with bilateral disease) and one patient with dysgerminoma. Next to these, three codon N822K mutations were detected in the group of 15 pure ovarian dysgerminomas. In total activating c-KIT mutations were found in 53% of ovarian dysgerminomas without DSD. In the group of 16 DSD cases a N505I and D820E mutation was found in a single tumor of a patient with gonadoblastoma and dysgerminoma. No PDGFRA mutations were found. Positive OCT3/4 staining was present in all gonadoblastomas and dysgerminomas investigated, TSPY expression was only seen in the gonadoblastoma/dysgerminoma lesions of the 16 DSD patients. This data supports the existence of two distinct but parallel pathways in the development of dysgerminoma, in which mutational status of c-KIT might parallel the presence of TSPY.
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Hussain SR, Naqvi H, Mahdi F, Bansal C, Babu SG. KIT proto-oncogene exon 8 deletions at codon 419 are highly frequent in acute myeloid leukaemia with inv(16) in Indian population. Mol Biotechnol 2012; 54:461-8. [PMID: 22825855 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-012-9584-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The KIT gene is a receptor tyrosine kinase class III expressed by early hematopoietic progenitor cells and plays a significant role in hematopoietic stem cell proliferation, differentiation and survival which is considered to be a remarkable feature in the course of growth of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). Owing to insufficient study of mutations in the KIT gene, the diagnosis and rate of recurrence of these mutations with divergent subtypes in AML cases in India is of concern. In order to find out the frequency of mutations of KIT gene exon 8 in 109 AML cases, we have performed polymerase chain reaction-single-strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) followed by DNA sequencing and have identified 24 mutations in exon 8 in 13 cases, including deletions at codon 418 (n = 3), 419 (n = 11) and 420 (n = 5) as well as point mutations at codon 417 (n = 1) and 421 (n = 4). In eleven AML cases, exon 8 deletion and point mutations involved the loss at codon Asp419 immoderately conserved cross species placed in the receptor extracellular domain. Frequency elevation of the KIT proto-oncogene exon 8 deletion and point mutations in AML cases allude a crucial function for this region of the receptor extracellular domain. Thus, we report the incidence of acquired mutations in exon 8, with consistent loss at codon Asp419, in 10.09 % of AML cases in a selected Indian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Rizwan Hussain
- Department of Biotechnology, Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Screening of the c-kit gene missense mutation in invasive ductal carcinoma of breast among north Indian population. Mol Biol Rep 2012; 39:9139-44. [PMID: 22729910 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-012-1786-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2011] [Accepted: 06/09/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers and the leading cause of cancer deaths among females across the world, accounting for 23 % (1.38 million) of total new cancer cases and 14 % (0.45 million) of the total cancer deaths in 2008. c-kit is expressed in mast cell growth factor, cellular migration, proliferation, melanoblasts, haematopoietic progenitors and germ cells. We have designed our study with aim to explore the c-kit gene mutations in invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) breast. To ascertain the range of mutations in exon 11, 13 and 17 of c-kit gene in 53 cases of IDC breast, we carried out PCR-SSCP followed by DNA sequencing. The mutation frequency of c-kit gene in exon 11, 13 and 17 were 9.43 % (5/53), 1.88 % (1/53) and 3.77 % (2/53), respectively. During our mutational analysis, we have detected five missense mutations in exon 11 (Pro551Leu, Glu562Val, Leu576Phe, His580Tyr and Phe584Leu), one missense mutation in exon 13 (Ser639Pro) and two missense mutations in exon 17 (Arg796Gly and Asn822Ser). It seems that c-kit mutations might participate in breast cancer pathogenesis and may be utilized as predictive marker, since the loss of c-kit positivity is generally linked with different types of breast cancer. Further molecular studies are necessary to validate the association of c-kit gene mutation in IDC breast pathogenesis.
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A study of KIT activating mutations in acute myeloid leukemia M0 subtype in north India. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HUMAN GENETICS 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmhg.2012.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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26
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Identification of the c-kit gene mutations in biopsy tissues of mammary gland carcinoma tumor. J Egypt Natl Canc Inst 2012; 24:97-103. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnci.2011.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2011] [Revised: 09/28/2011] [Accepted: 10/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Yaghmaie M, Alimoghaddam K, Mozdarani H, Ghavamzadeh A, Hajhashemi M, Aznab M, Ghaffari SH. Cytogenetic and FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 mutation analyses in acute promyelocytic leukemia patients. IRANIAN BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL 2012; 16:10-7. [PMID: 22562027 DOI: 10.6091/ibj.961.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The secondary genetic changes other than the promyelocytic leukemia-retinoic acid receptor (PML-RARA) fusion gene may contribute to the acute promyelocytic leukemogenesis. Chromosomal alterations and mutation of FLT3 (FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3) tyrosine kinase receptor are the frequent genetic alterations in acute myeloid leukemia. However, the prognostic significance of FLT3 mutations in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is not firmly established. METHODS In this study, the chromosomal abnormalities were analyzed by bone marrow cytogenetic in 45 APL patients and FLT3 internal tandem duplications (ITD) screening by fragment length analysis and FLT3 D835 mutation by melting curve analysis were screened in 23 APL samples. RESULTS Cytogenetic study showed 14.3% trisomy 8 and 17.1% chromosomal abnormalities other than t(15;17). About 13% of the patients had FLT3 ITD, and 26% had D835 point mutation. FLT3 ITD mutation was associated with higher white blood cell count at presentation and poor prognosis. CONCLUSION The PML-RARA translocation alone may not be sufficient to induce leukemia. Therefore, we assume that FLT3 mutations and the other genetic and chromosomal alterations may cooperate with PML-RARA in the development of APL disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjan Yaghmaie
- Dept. of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modarres University, P. O. Box 14115-111, Tehran.,Haematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kamran Alimoghaddam
- Haematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Mozdarani
- Dept. of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modarres University, P. O. Box 14115-111, Tehran
| | - Ardeshir Ghavamzadeh
- Haematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marjan Hajhashemi
- Haematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mozaffar Aznab
- Hematology, Oncology Ward of Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Seyed H Ghaffari
- Haematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Eathiraj S, Palma R, Volckova E, Hirschi M, France DS, Ashwell MA, Chan TCK. Discovery of a novel mode of protein kinase inhibition characterized by the mechanism of inhibition of human mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor (c-Met) protein autophosphorylation by ARQ 197. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:20666-76. [PMID: 21454604 PMCID: PMC3121448 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.213801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2010] [Revised: 03/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
A number of human malignancies exhibit sustained stimulation, mutation, or gene amplification of the receptor tyrosine kinase human mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor (c-Met). ARQ 197 is a clinically advanced, selective, orally bioavailable, and well tolerated c-Met inhibitor, currently in Phase 3 clinical testing in non-small cell lung cancer patients. Herein, we describe the molecular and structural basis by which ARQ 197 selectively targets c-Met. Through our analysis we reveal a previously undisclosed, novel inhibitory mechanism that utilizes distinct regulatory elements of the c-Met kinase. The structure of ARQ 197 in complex with the c-Met kinase domain shows that the inhibitor binds a conformation that is distinct from published kinase structures. ARQ 197 inhibits c-Met autophosphorylation and is highly selective for the inactive or unphosphorylated form of c-Met. Through our analysis of the interplay between the regulatory and catalytic residues of c-Met, and by comparison between the autoinhibited canonical conformation of c-Met bound by ARQ 197 to previously described kinase domains of type III receptor tyrosine kinases, we believe this to be the basis of a powerful new in silico approach for the design of similar inhibitors for other protein kinases of therapeutic interest.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rocio Palma
- From ArQule, Inc., Woburn, Massachusetts 01801
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Toffalini F, Kallin A, Vandenberghe P, Pierre P, Michaux L, Cools J, Demoulin JB. The fusion proteins TEL-PDGFRbeta and FIP1L1-PDGFRalpha escape ubiquitination and degradation. Haematologica 2009; 94:1085-93. [PMID: 19644140 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2008.001149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chimeric oncogenes encoding constitutively active protein tyrosine kinases are associated with chronic myeloid neoplasms. TEL-PDGFRbeta (TPbeta, also called ETV6-PDGFRB) is a hybrid protein produced by the t(5;12) translocation, FIP1L1-PDGFRalpha (FPalpha) results from a deletion on chromosome 4q12 and ZNF198-FGFR1 is created by the t(8;13) translocation. These fusion proteins are found in patients with myeloid neoplasms associated with eosinophilia. Wild-type receptor tyrosine kinases are efficiently targeted for degradation upon activation, in a process that requires Cbl-mediated monoubiquitination of receptor lysines. Since protein degradation pathways have been identified as useful targets for cancer therapy, the aim of this study was to compare the degradation of hybrid and wild-type receptor tyrosine kinases. DESIGN AND METHODS We used Ba/F3 as a model cell line, as well as leukocytes from two patients, to analyze hybrid protein degradation. RESULTS In contrast to the corresponding wild-type receptors, which are quickly degraded upon activation, we observed that TPbeta, FPalpha and the ZNF198-FGFR1 hybrids escaped down-regulation in Ba/F3 cells. The high stability of TPbeta and FPalpha hybrid proteins was confirmed in leukocytes from leukemia patients. Ubiquitination of TPbeta and FPalpha was much reduced compared to that of wild-type receptors, despite marked Cbl phosphorylation in cells expressing hybrid receptors. The fusion of a destabilizing domain to TPbeta induced protein degradation. Instability was reverted by adding the destabilizing domain ligand, Shield1. The destabilization of this modified TPbeta reduced cell transformation and STAT5 activation. CONCLUSIONS We have shown that chimeric receptor tyrosine kinases escape ubiquitination and down-regulation and that their stabilization is critical to efficient stimulation of cell proliferation.
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Imai N, Miwa H, Shikami M, Suganuma K, Gotoh M, Hiramatsu A, Wakabayashi M, Watarai M, Hanamura I, Imamura A, Mihara H, Shitara K, Shibuya M, Nitta M. Growth inhibition of AML cells with specific chromosome abnormalities by monoclonal antibodies to receptors for vascular endothelial growth factor. Leuk Res 2009; 33:1650-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2009.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2009] [Revised: 02/26/2009] [Accepted: 03/07/2009] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Jin G, Matsushita H, Asai S, Tsukamoto H, Ono R, Nosaka T, Yahata T, Takahashi S, Miyachi H. FLT3-ITD induces ara-C resistance in myeloid leukemic cells through the repression of the ENT1 expression. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2009; 390:1001-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.10.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2009] [Accepted: 10/17/2009] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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AML1-ETO9a is correlated with C-KIT overexpression/mutations and indicates poor disease outcome in t(8;21) acute myeloid leukemia-M2. Leukemia 2009; 23:1598-604. [PMID: 19458628 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2009.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
AML1-ETO fusion gene is generated from chromosomal translocation t(8;21) mainly in acute myeloid leukemia M2 subtype (AML-M2). Its spliced variant transcript, AML1-ETO9a, rapidly induces leukemia in murine model. To evaluate its clinical significance, AML1-ETO9a expression was assessed in 118 patients with t(8;21) AML-M2, using qualitative and nested quantitative reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR methods. These cases were accordingly divided into the AML1-ETO9a-H group (n=86, positive for qualitative RT-PCR, with higher level of AML1-ETO9a by quantitative RT-PCR) and the AML1-ETO9a-L group (n=32, negative for qualitative RT-PCR, with lower but still detectable level of AML1-ETO9a by quantitative RT-PCR). C-KIT expression was significantly increased in the AML1-ETO9a-H group, as compared with the AML1-ETO9a-L group. Of the 36 patients harboring C-KIT mutations, 32 patients overexpressed AML1-ETO9a (P=0.0209). Clinically, AML1-ETO9a-H patients exhibited significantly elevated white blood cells count, less bone marrow aberrant myelocytes, increased CD56 but decreased CD19 expression (P=0.0451, P=0.0479, P=0.0149 and P=0.0298, respectively). Moreover, AML1-ETO9a overexpression was related to short event-free and overall survival time (P=0.0072 and P=0.0076, respectively). Taken together, these data suggest that AML1-ETO9a is correlated with C-KIT overexpression/mutations and indicates poor disease outcome in t(8;21) AML-M2.
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Krum EA, Yamamoto M, Chauffaille MDLLF. Prevalence of FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3/internal tandem duplication (FLT3/ITD+) in de novo acute myeloid leukemia patients categorized according to cytogenetic risk. SAO PAULO MED J 2009; 127:23-7. [PMID: 19466291 PMCID: PMC10969321 DOI: 10.1590/s1516-31802009000100006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2008] [Revised: 01/30/2009] [Accepted: 01/30/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE The mechanism involved in leukemogenesis remains unclear and more information about the disruption of the cell proliferation, cell differentiation and apoptosis of neoplastic cells is required. DESIGN AND SETTING Cross-sectional prevalence study at the Discipline of Hematology, Hospital São Paulo, Universidade Federal de São Paulo. METHODS We investigated FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3/internal tandem duplication (FLT3/ITD+) in 40 adult patients with de novo acute myeloid leukemia (AML), categorized according to cytogenetic results, from September 2001 to May 2005. RESULTS Thirteen patients (32.5%) were classified as presenting the favorable karyotype, 11 patients (27.5%) as an intermediate group, 7 patients (17%) as an undefined group and 9 patients (22.5%) as the unfavorable group. FLT3/ITD+ was found in 10 patients (25%): 3 with FLT3/ITD+ and favorable karyotype; 4 with FLT3/ITD+ and intermediate karyotype; 2 with FLT3/ITD+ and undefined karyotype; and only 1 with FLT3/ITD+ and unfavorable karyotype. Among the patients without FLT3/ITD+, 10 presented favorable karyotype, 8 intermediate, 4 undefined and 8 unfavorable karyotype. The cytogenetic results showed no correlations between FLT3/ITD presence and the prognostic groups (P = 0.13). We found that 2 patients were still alive more than 24 months later, FLT3/ITD+ did not influence the patients' survival rate. CONCLUSION We found the same frequency of AML with FLT3/ITD+ in both the favorable and intermediate prognosis groups. Only one patient presented AML, FLT3/ITD+ and unfavorable karyotype (the hypothetical worst clinical situation). Therefore, the prognostic advantage of favorable cytogenetics among patients with FLT3/ITD+ remains to be elucidated, for it to be better understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Everson Augusto Krum
- PhD. Professor, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa (UEPG), Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Mihoko Yamamoto
- MD, PhD. Associate professor, Universidade Federal de São Paulo - Escola Paulista de Medicina (Unifesp-EPM), São Paulo, Brazil.
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Hidden abnormalities and novel classification of t(15;17) acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) based on genomic alterations. Blood 2008; 113:1741-8. [PMID: 19109227 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2007-12-130260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is a hematopoietic malignant disease characterized by the chromosomal translocation t(15;17), resulting in the formation of the PML-RARA gene. Here, 47 t(15;17) APL samples were analyzed with high-density single-nucleotide polymorphism microarray (50-K and 250-K SNP-chips) using the new algorithm AsCNAR (allele-specific copy-number analysis using anonymous references). Copy-number-neutral loss of heterozygosity (CNN-LOH) was identified at chromosomes 10q (3 cases), 11p (3 cases), and 19q (1 case). Twenty-eight samples (60%) did not have an obvious alteration (normal-copy-number [NC] group). Nineteen samples (40%) showed either one or more genomic abnormalities: 8 samples (17%) had trisomy 8 either with or without an additional duplication, deletion, or CNN-LOH (+8 group); and 11 samples (23%) had genomic abnormalities without trisomy 8 (other abnormalities group). These chromosomal abnormalities were acquired somatic mutations. Interestingly, FLT3-ITD mutations (11/47 cases) occurred only in the group with no genomic alteration (NC group). Taken together, these results suggest that the pathway of development of APL differs in each group: FLT3-ITD, trisomy 8, and other genomic changes. Here, we showed for the first time hidden abnormalities and novel disease-related genomic changes in t(15;17) APL.
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Wei H, Zhao MQ, Dong W, Yang Y, Li JS. Expression of c-kit Protein and Mutational Status of the c-kit Gene in Osteosarcoma and Their Clinicopathological Significance. J Int Med Res 2008; 36:1008-14. [PMID: 18831895 DOI: 10.1177/147323000803600518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined c-kit protein expression and mutations of the c-kit gene in 40 human osteosarcoma samples to their relationship with clinicopathology and prognosis of the disease. The expression of c-kit protein was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and single-strand conformational polymorphism was performed to evaluate c-kit gene mutations in exons 11 and 17. Expression of c-kit protein occurred in 25 (62.5%) osteosarcoma samples. Patients with osteosarcomas with higher c-kit protein expression levels were significantly more likely to experience local disease recurrence and had a significantly lower survival time than patients with lower c-kit expression. We found no evidence of mutations in exons 11 or 17. This study suggests that c-kit protein expression might serve as a prognostic marker for osteosarcoma, however exons 11 and 17 might not be suitable targets for osteosarcoma treatments based on suppression of c-kit tyrosine kinase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Wei
- Department of Pathology, Qilu Hospital, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - MQ Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Qilu Hospital, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - W Dong
- Department of Pathology, Weifang Chinese Medicine Hospital, Weifang, China
| | - Y Yang
- Department of Pathology, Shandong Yankuang Group Hospital, Zoucheng, China
| | - JS Li
- Department of Pathology, Qilu Hospital, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Lin TY, Bear M, Du Z, Foley KP, Ying W, Barsoum J, London C. The novel HSP90 inhibitor STA-9090 exhibits activity against Kit-dependent and -independent malignant mast cell tumors. Exp Hematol 2008; 36:1266-77. [PMID: 18657349 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2008.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2007] [Revised: 05/08/2008] [Accepted: 05/08/2008] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mutations of the receptor tyrosine kinase Kit occur in several human and canine cancers. While Kit inhibitors have activity in the clinical setting, they possess variable efficacy against particular forms of mutant Kit and drug resistance often develops over time. Inhibitors of heat shock protein 90 (HSP90), a chaperone for which Kit is a client protein, have demonstrated activity against human cancers and evidence suggests they downregulate several mutated and imatinib-resistant forms of Kit. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a novel HSP90 inhibitor, STA-9090, against wild-type (WT) and mutant Kit in canine bone marrow-derived cultured mast cells (BMCMCs), malignant mast cell lines, and fresh malignant mast cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS BMCMCs, cell lines, and fresh malignant mast cells were treated with STA-9090, 17-AAG, and SU11654 and evaluated for loss in cell viability, cell death, alterations in HSP90 and Kit expression/signaling, and Kit mutation. STA-9090 activity was tested in a canine mastocytoma xenograft model. RESULTS Treatment of BMCMCs, cell lines, and fresh malignant cells with STA-9090 induced growth inhibition, apoptosis that was caspase-3/7-dependent, and downregulation of phospho/total Kit and Akt, but not extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) or phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI-3K). Loss of Kit cell-surface expression was also observed. Furthermore, STA-9090 exhibited superior activity to 17-AAG and SU11654, and was effective against malignant mast cells expressing either WT or mutant Kit. Lastly, STA-9090 inhibited tumor growth in a canine mastocytoma mouse xenograft model. CONCLUSIONS STA-9090 exhibits broad activity against mast cells expressing WT or mutant Kit, suggesting it may be an effective agent in the clinical setting against mast cell malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Yin Lin
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
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Brownlow N, Vaid M, Dibb NJ. Tandutinib inhibits FMS receptor signalling, and macrophage and osteoclast formation in vitro. Leukemia 2008; 22:1452-3. [DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2405085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Mimeault M, Hauke R, Mehta PP, Batra SK. Recent advances in cancer stem/progenitor cell research: therapeutic implications for overcoming resistance to the most aggressive cancers. J Cell Mol Med 2008; 11:981-1011. [PMID: 17979879 PMCID: PMC4401269 DOI: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2007.00088.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Overcoming intrinsic and acquired resistance of cancer stem/progenitor cells to current clinical treatments represents a major challenge in treating and curing the most aggressive and metastatic cancers. This review summarizes recent advances in our understanding of the cellular origin and molecular mechanisms at the basis of cancer initiation and progression as well as the heterogeneity of cancers arising from the malignant transformation of adult stem/progenitor cells. We describe the critical functions provided by several growth factor cascades, including epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR), stem cell factor (SCF) receptor (KIT), hedgehog and Wnt/beta-catenin signalling pathways that are frequently activated in cancer progenitor cells and are involved in their sustained growth, survival, invasion and drug resistance. Of therapeutic interest, we also discuss recent progress in the development of new drug combinations to treat the highly aggressive and metastatic cancers including refractory/relapsed leukaemias, melanoma and head and neck, brain, lung, breast, ovary, prostate, pancreas and gastrointestinal cancers which remain incurable in the clinics. The emphasis is on new therapeutic strategies consisting of molecular targeting of distinct oncogenic signalling elements activated in the cancer progenitor cells and their local microenvironment during cancer progression. These new targeted therapies should improve the efficacy of current therapeutic treatments against aggressive cancers, and thereby preventing disease relapse and enhancing patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mimeault
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Eppley Institute of Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
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Cooperating mutations of receptor tyrosine kinases and Ras genes in childhood core-binding factor acute myeloid leukemia and a comparative analysis on paired diagnosis and relapse samples. Leukemia 2007; 22:303-7. [PMID: 17960171 DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2404995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
c-KIT mutations have been described in core-binding factor (CBF) acute myeloid leukemia (AML) at diagnosis. The role of c-KIT mutations in the relapse of CBF-AML is not clear. The role of CSF1R mutation in the pathogenesis of AML remains to be determined. We analyzed receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) and Ras mutations on 154 children with AML. Also, we examined the paired diagnosis and relapse samples in CBF-AML. CBF-AML accounted for 27% (41/154). c-KIT mutations were detected in 41.5% of CBF-AML at diagnosis (6 in exon 8, 10 in exon 17 and 1 in both exons 8 and 17) , FLT3-TKD 2.7%, N-Ras mutations 7.3% and K-Ras mutations 4.9%. FLT3-LM and CSF1R mutations were not found in CBF-AML. The mutations of RTKs and Ras were mutually exclusive except for one patient who had both c-KIT and N-Ras mutations. Eight of the 41 CBF-AML patients relapsed; four patients retained the identical c-KIT mutation patterns as those at diagnosis, the remaining four without c-KIT mutations at diagnosis did not acquire c-KIT mutations at relapse. Our study showed that 54% of childhood CBF-AML had RTKs and/or Ras mutations; c-KIT but not CSF1R mutations play a role in the leukemogenesis of childhood CBF-AML.
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López-Martin A, Ballestín C, Garcia-Carbonero R, Castaño A, Lopez-Ríos F, López-Encuentra A, Sánchez-Cespedes M, Castellano D, Bartolomé A, Cortés-Funes H, Paz-Ares L. Prognostic value of KIT expression in small cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer 2007; 56:405-13. [PMID: 17420067 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2007.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2006] [Revised: 01/05/2007] [Accepted: 01/29/2007] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a very aggressive disease, with poor survival rates despite standard treatment with combination chemotherapy with or without radiotherapy. Further insights into the molecular biology of this malignant tumour are needed to improve the therapeutic approaches and outcome. KIT protein is expressed in SCLC, and its kinase activity has been implicated in the pathophysiology of many tumours, including SCLC. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of KIT expression in patients with SCLC and its prognostic value. METHODS We performed an inmunohistochemical analysis of 204 SCLC samples to determine KIT protein expression. The relationship between KIT expression and clinicopathological parameters was evaluated. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to define its prognostic significance. RESULTS KIT expression was observed in 149 of 204 tumour tissues (73%). KIT expression was associated with advanced disease and with decreased incidence of bone metastases. No significant differences were observed for time to disease progression (TTP) (9.1% versus 6.2% at 3 years, p=0.6) or overall survival (OS) (10.7% versus 6.9% at 3 years, p=0.37) among patients with KIT positive versus negative tumours, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that sex, tumour stage, albumin levels and response to therapy were the only independent predictors for survival. CONCLUSION KIT protein is expressed in a high percentage of SCLC tumours. In our study population, however, the expression of KIT had no significant impact on survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana López-Martin
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Doce de Octubre, Avd. de Córdoba Km 5.4., 28041 Madrid, Spain
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Pappa V, Papageorgiou S, Kontsioti F, Papageorgiou E, Tsiotra P, Dervenoulas J, Economopoulos T. Analysis of FLT3gene mutations in de novo myelodysplastic syndromes. FLT3 internal tandem duplication detected in a case of refractory anemia. Leuk Lymphoma 2007; 48:2437-40. [DOI: 10.1080/10428190701665962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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42
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Xiang Z, Kreisel F, Cain J, Colson A, Tomasson MH. Neoplasia driven by mutant c-KIT is mediated by intracellular, not plasma membrane, receptor signaling. Mol Cell Biol 2006; 27:267-82. [PMID: 17060458 PMCID: PMC1800644 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.01153-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Activating mutations in c-KIT are associated with gastrointestinal stromal tumors, mastocytosis, and acute myeloid leukemia. In attempting to establish a murine model of human KIT(D816V) (hKIT(D816V))-mediated leukemia, we uncovered an unexpected relationship between cellular transformation and intracellular trafficking. We found that transport of hKIT(D816V) protein was blocked at the endoplasmic reticulum in a species-specific fashion. We exploited these species-specific trafficking differences and a set of localization domain-tagged KIT mutants to explore the relationship between subcellular localization of mutant KIT and cellular transformation. The protein products of fully transforming KIT mutants localized to the Golgi apparatus and to a lesser extent the plasma membrane. Domain-tagged KIT(D816V) targeted to the Golgi apparatus remained constitutively active and transforming. Chemical inhibition of intracellular transport demonstrated that Golgi localization is sufficient, but plasma membrane localization is dispensable, for downstream signaling mediated by KIT mutation. When expressed in murine bone marrow, endoplasmic reticulum-localized hKIT(D816V) failed to induce disease in mice, while expression of either Golgi-localized HyKIT(D816V) or cytosol-localized, ectodomain-deleted KIT(D816V) uniformly caused fatal myeloproliferative diseases. Taken together, these data demonstrate that intracellular, non-plasma membrane receptor signaling is sufficient to drive neoplasia caused by mutant c-KIT and provide the first animal model of myelomonocytic neoplasia initiated by human KIT(D816V).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifu Xiang
- Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8007, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
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43
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Patyna S, Laird AD, Mendel DB, O'farrell AM, Liang C, Guan H, Vojkovsky T, Vasile S, Wang X, Chen J, Grazzini M, Yang CY, Haznedar JO, Sukbuntherng J, Zhong WZ, Cherrington JM, Hu-Lowe D. SU14813: a novel multiple receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor with potent antiangiogenic and antitumor activity. Mol Cancer Ther 2006; 5:1774-82. [PMID: 16891463 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-05-0333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK), such as vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR), platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR), stem cell factor receptor (KIT), and fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3), are expressed in malignant tissues and act in concert, playing diverse and major roles in angiogenesis, tumor growth, and metastasis. With the exception of a few malignancies, seemingly driven by a single genetic mutation in a signaling protein, most tumors are the product of multiple mutations in multiple aberrant signaling pathways. Consequently, simultaneous targeted inhibition of multiple signaling pathways could be more effective than inhibiting a single pathway in cancer therapies. Such a multitargeted strategy has recently been validated in a number of preclinical and clinical studies using RTK inhibitors with broad target selectivity. SU14813, a small molecule identified from the same chemical library used to isolate sunitinib, has broad-spectrum RTK inhibitory activity through binding to and inhibition of VEGFR, PDGFR, KIT, and FLT3. In cellular assays, SU14813 inhibited ligand-dependent and ligand-independent proliferation, migration, and survival of endothelial cells and/or tumor cells expressing these targets. SU14813 inhibited VEGFR-2, PDGFR-beta, and FLT3 phosphorylation in xenograft tumors in a dose- and time-dependent fashion. The plasma concentration required for in vivo target inhibition was estimated to be 100 to 200 ng/mL. Used as monotherapy, SU14813 exhibited broad and potent antitumor activity resulting in regression, growth arrest, or substantially reduced growth of various established xenografts derived from human or rat tumor cell lines. Treatment in combination with docetaxel significantly enhanced both the inhibition of primary tumor growth and the survival of the tumor-bearing mice compared with administration of either agent alone. In summary, SU14813 inhibited target RTK activity in vivo in association with reduction in angiogenesis, target RTK-mediated proliferation, and survival of tumor cells, leading to broad and potent antitumor efficacy. These data support the ongoing phase I clinical evaluation of SU14813 in advanced malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shem Patyna
- Pfizer Global Research and Development, 10777 Science Center Drive, San Diego, CA 92024, USA
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Gotlib J, Cross NCP, Gilliland DG. Eosinophilic disorders: molecular pathogenesis, new classification, and modern therapy. Best Pract Res Clin Haematol 2006; 19:535-69. [PMID: 16781488 DOI: 10.1016/j.beha.2005.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Before the 1990s, lack of evidence for a reactive cause of hypereosinophilia or chronic eosinophilic leukemia (e.g. presence of a clonal cytogenetic abnormality or increased blood or bone marrow blasts) resulted in diagnosticians characterizing such nebulous cases as 'idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES)'. However, over the last decade, significant advances in our understanding of the molecular pathophysiology of eosinophilic disorders have shifted an increasing proportion of cases from this idiopathic HES 'pool' to genetically defined eosinophilic diseases with recurrent molecular abnormalities. The majority of these genetic lesions result in constitutively activated fusion tyrosine kinases, the phenotypic consequence of which is an eosinophilia-associated myeloid disorder. Most notable among these is the recent discovery of the cryptic FIP1L1-PDGFRA gene fusion in karyotypically normal patients with systemic mast cell disease with eosinophilia or idiopathic HES, redefining these diseases as clonal eosinophilias. Rearrangements involving PDGFRA and PDGFRB in eosinophilic chronic myeloproliferative disorders, and of fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) in the 8p11 stem cell myeloproliferative syndrome constitute additional examples of specific genetic alterations linked to clonal eosinophilia. The identification of populations of aberrant T-lymphocytes secreting eosinophilopoietic cytokines such as interleukin-5 establish a pathophysiologic basis for cases of lymphocyte-mediated hypereosinophilia. This recent revival in understanding the biologic basis of eosinophilic disorders has permitted more genetic specificity in the classification of these diseases, and has translated into successful therapeutic approaches with targeted agents such as imatinib mesylate and recombinant anti-IL-5 antibody.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Gotlib
- Stanford Cancer Center, 875 Blake Wilbur Drive, Room 2327B, Stanford, CA 94305-5821, USA.
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45
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Gotlib J. KIT Mutations in Mastocytosis and Their Potential as Therapeutic Targets. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am 2006; 26:575-92. [PMID: 16931294 DOI: 10.1016/j.iac.2006.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Deregulation of the KIT receptor TK by the prevalent activation loop mutation D816V has served as a focal point in therapeutic strategies aimed curbing neoplastic mast cell growth. Perhaps the most important development in this era of targeted therapy, and certainly relevant to KIT-driven diseases like mastocytosis, is the realization that small molecule inhibitors with varied chemical structure (eg, PKC412, dasatinib, AP23464) can circumvent the resistance of TKs to first-generation agents such as imatinib. Genuine opportunity now exists to effectively treat mastocytosis, and the arsenal consists of several orally bioavailable drugs with promising preclinical activity against D816V and other KIT mutants that promote mast cell growth. Because KIT mutations may not act as fully transforming oncogenic events in SM, it is prudent to evaluate combinations of TK inhibitors with drugs with activity in mast cell disease, such as cladribine, interferon-alpha, and corticosteroids. The identification of novel "drug-able" targets within mast cells should aid in the development of complementary therapies that promote enhanced cytotoxicity of mast cells through blockade of nonredundant signaling pathways. In addition, the generation of murine models that recapitulate human mastocytosis should accelerate preclinical testing of novel agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Gotlib
- Stanford Cancer Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, 875 Blake Wilbur Drive, Room 2327B, Stanford, CA 94305-5821, USA.
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Dinges J, Ashworth KL, Akritopoulou-Zanze I, Akritopolou-Zanze I, Arnold LD, Baumeister SA, Bousquet PF, Cunha GA, Davidsen SK, Djuric SW, Gracias VJ, Michaelides MR, Rafferty P, Sowin TJ, Stewart KD, Xia Z, Zhang HQ. 1,4-Dihydroindeno[1,2-c]pyrazoles as novel multitargeted receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2006; 16:4266-71. [PMID: 16759855 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2006.05.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2006] [Revised: 05/17/2006] [Accepted: 05/18/2006] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A series of 1,4-dihydroindeno[1,2-c]pyrazoles with a 3-thiophene substituent carrying a urea-type side chain were identified as potent multitargeted (VEGFR and PDGFR families) receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors. A KDR homology model suggested that the urea moiety is able to interact with a recognition motif in the hydrophobic specificity pocket of the enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Dinges
- Global Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL 60064-6217, USA.
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47
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Yu W, Rao Q, Wang M, Tian Z, Lin D, Liu X, Wang J. The Hsp90 inhibitor 17-allylamide-17-demethoxygeldanamycin induces apoptosis and differentiation of Kasumi-1 harboring the Asn822Lys KIT mutation and down-regulates KIT protein level. Leuk Res 2006; 30:575-82. [PMID: 16213582 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2005.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2005] [Revised: 08/30/2005] [Accepted: 08/31/2005] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) serves as a chaperone for a number of cell signaling proteins, including many tyrosine and serine/threonine kinases, which are involved in proliferation and/or survival. The benzoquinone ansamycin geldanamycin has been shown to bind to Hsp90 and to specifically inhibit this chaperone's function, resulting in client protein destabilization. 17-Allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AAG) is a chemical derivative of geldanamycin. KIT is the receptor for stem cell factor (SCF) and required for normal hematopoiesis. Mutations in c-Kit result in ligand-independent tyrosine kinase activity and uncontrolled cell proliferation. Kasumi-1 is t(8;21) acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cell line harboring mutated KIT with Asn822Lys substitution. Our present studies demonstrate that 17-AAG inhibits Kasumi-1 cells proliferation and exerts apoptosis- and differentiation-inducing effects in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The growth-inhibitory IC50 value for 17-AAG treatment is 0.62mumol/L. Characteristic apoptotic features were confirmed by morphology, internucleosomal DNA fragmentation, and annexin V staining. 17-AAG also causes the G0/G1 block of Kasumi-1 cells. Significantly, 17-AAG-induced apoptosis of Kasumi-1 cells is associated with a decline in KIT protein level. Our findings strongly suggest that 17-AAG might be an effective therapeutic agent targeting AML cells harboring mutated KIT.
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MESH Headings
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Asparagine/genetics
- Benzoquinones/pharmacology
- Cell Cycle/drug effects
- Cell Differentiation/drug effects
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Down-Regulation/drug effects
- HL-60 Cells
- HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Humans
- Lactams, Macrocyclic/pharmacology
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology
- Lysine/genetics
- Mutation
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit/metabolism
- RNA, Messenger/drug effects
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- Time Factors
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin 300020, PR China
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48
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Heinonen KM, Dubé N, Bourdeau A, Lapp WS, Tremblay ML. Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B negatively regulates macrophage development through CSF-1 signaling. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2006; 103:2776-81. [PMID: 16477024 PMCID: PMC1413784 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0508563103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP-1B) is a ubiquitously expressed cytosolic phosphatase with the ability to dephosphorylate JAK2 and TYK2, and thereby down-regulate cytokine receptor signaling. Furthermore, PTP-1B levels are up-regulated in certain chronic myelogenous leukemia patients, which points to a potential role for PTP-1B in myeloid development. The results presented here show that the absence of PTP-1B affects murine myelopoiesis by modifying the ratio of monocytes to granulocytes in vivo. This bias toward monocytic development is at least in part due to a decreased threshold of response to CSF-1, because the PTP-1B -/- bone marrow presents no abnormalities at the granulocyte-monocyte progenitor level but produces significantly more monocytic colonies in the presence of CSF-1. This phenomenon is not due to an increase in receptor levels but rather to enhanced phosphorylation of the activation loop tyrosine. PTP-1B -/- cells display increased inflammatory activity in vitro and in vivo through the constitutive up-regulation of activation markers as well as increased sensitivity to endotoxin. Collectively, our data indicate that PTP-1B is an important modulator of myeloid differentiation and macrophage activation in vivo and provide a demonstration of a physiological role for PTP-1B in immune regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krista M. Heinonen
- *Division of Experimental Medicine
- McGill Cancer Centre, and Departments of
| | - Nadia Dubé
- McGill Cancer Centre, and Departments of
- Biochemistry and
| | | | - Wayne S. Lapp
- *Division of Experimental Medicine
- Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada H3G 1Y6
| | - Michel L. Tremblay
- *Division of Experimental Medicine
- McGill Cancer Centre, and Departments of
- Biochemistry and
- To whom correspondence should be addressed at:
McGill Cancer Centre, 3655 Promenade Sir William Osler, Room 701, Montreal, QC, Canada H3G 1Y6. E-mail:
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49
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Parcells BW, Ikeda AK, Simms-Waldrip T, Moore TB, Sakamoto KM. FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 in normal hematopoiesis and acute myeloid leukemia. Stem Cells 2006; 24:1174-84. [PMID: 16410383 DOI: 10.1634/stemcells.2005-0519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Ligand-mediated activation of the FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) receptor is important for normal proliferation of primitive hematopoietic cells. However, activating mutations in FLT3 induce ligand-independent downstream signaling that promotes oncogenesis through pathways involved in proliferation, differentiation, and survival. FLT3 mutations are identified as the most frequent genetic abnormality in acute myeloid leukemia and are also observed in other leukemias. Multiple small-molecule inhibitors are under development to target aberrant FLT3 activity that confers a poor prognosis in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bertrand W Parcells
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Mattel Children's Hospital, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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50
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Zappulla JP, Dubreuil P, Desbois S, Létard S, Hamouda NB, Daëron M, Delsol G, Arock M, Liblau RS. Mastocytosis in mice expressing human Kit receptor with the activating Asp816Val mutation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 202:1635-41. [PMID: 16352739 PMCID: PMC2212965 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20050807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Mastocytosis is a rare neoplastic disease characterized by a pathologic accumulation of tissue mast cells (MCs). Mastocytosis is often associated with a somatic point mutation in the Kit protooncogene leading to an Asp/Val substitution at position 816 in the kinase domain of this receptor. The contribution of this mutation to mastocytosis development remains unclear. In addition, the clinical heterogeneity presented by mastocytosis patients carrying the same mutation is unexplained. We report that a disease with striking similarities to human mastocytosis develops spontaneously in transgenic mice expressing the human Asp816Val mutant Kit protooncogene specifically in MCs. This disease is characterized by clinical signs ranging from a localized and indolent MC hyperplasia to an invasive MC tumor. In addition, bone marrow-derived MCs from transgenic animals can be maintained in culture for >24 mo and acquire growth factor independency for proliferation. These results demonstrate a causal link in vivo between the Asp816Val Kit mutation and MC neoplasia and suggest a basis for the clinical heterogeneity of human mastocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacques P Zappulla
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U563, Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan, Purpan Hospital, 31000 Toulouse, France
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