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Kirolos SA, Pilling D, Gomer RH. The extracellular sialidase NEU3 primes neutrophils. J Leukoc Biol 2022; 112:1399-1411. [PMID: 35899930 PMCID: PMC9701152 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3a0422-217rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Some extracellular glycoconjugates have sialic acid as the terminal sugar, and sialidases are enzymes that remove this sugar. Mammals have 4 sialidases and can be elevated in inflammation and fibrosis. In this report, we show that incubation of human neutrophils with the extracellular human sialidase NEU3, but not NEU1, NEU2 or NEU4, induces human male and female neutrophils to change from a round to a more amoeboid morphology, causes the primed human neutrophil markers CD11b, CD18, and CD66a to localize to the cell cortex, and decreases the localization of the unprimed human neutrophil markers CD43 and CD62-L at the cell cortex. NEU3, but not the other 3 sialidases, also causes human male and female neutrophils to increase their F-actin content. Human neutrophils treated with NEU3 show a decrease in cortical levels of Sambucus nigra lectin staining and an increase in cortical levels of peanut agglutinin staining, indicating a NEU3-induced desialylation. The inhibition of NEU3 by the NEU3 inhibitor 2-acetylpyridine attenuated the NEU3 effect on neutrophil morphology, indicating that the effect of NEU3 is dependent on its enzymatic activity. Together, these results indicate that NEU3 can prime human male and female neutrophils, and that NEU3 is a potential regulator of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara A Kirolos
- Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Darrell Pilling
- Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Richard H Gomer
- Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
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Kim S, Jung H, Kim M, Moon J, Ban G, Kim SJ, Yoo H, Park H. Ceramide/sphingosine-1-phosphate imbalance is associated with distinct inflammatory phenotypes of uncontrolled asthma. Allergy 2020; 75:1991-2004. [PMID: 32072647 DOI: 10.1111/all.14236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma is associated with inflammatory dysregulation, but the underlying metabolic signatures are unclear. This study aimed to classify asthma inflammatory phenotypes based on cellular and metabolic features. METHODS To determine cellular and metabolic profiles, we assessed inflammatory cell markers using flow cytometry, sphingolipid (SL) metabolites using LC-MS/MS, and serum cytokines using ELISA. Targeted gene polymorphisms were determined to identify genetic predispositions related to the asthma inflammatory phenotype. RESULTS In total, 137 patients with asthma and 20 healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled. Distinct cellular and metabolic profiles were found between them; patients with asthma showed increased expressions of inflammatory cell markers and higher levels of SL metabolites compared to HCs (P < .05 for all). Cellular markers (CD66+ neutrophils, platelet-adherent eosinophils) and SL metabolic markers (C16:0 and C24:0 ceramides) for uncontrolled asthma were also identified; higher levels were observed in uncontrolled asthma compared to controlled asthma (P < .05 for all). Asthmatics patients with higher levels of CD66+ neutrophils had lower FEV1(%), higher ACQ (but lower AQLO) scores, and higher sphingosine and C16:0 ceramide levels compared to those with low levels of CD66+ neutrophils. Asthmatics patients with higher levels of platelet-adherent eosinophils had higher S1P levels compared to those with lower levels of platelet-adherent eosinophils. Patients carrying TT genotype of ORMDL3 had more CD66+ neutrophils; those with AG/ GG genotypes of SGMS1 exhibited higher platelet-adherent eosinophils. CONCLUSION Patients with uncontrolled asthma possess distinct inflammatory phenotypes including increased CD66+ neutrophils and platelet-adherent eosinophils, with an imbalanced ceramide/S1P rheostat, potentially involving ORMDL3 and SGMS1 gene polymorphisms. Ceramide/S1P synthesis could be targeted to control airway inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung‐Hyun Kim
- Translational Research Laboratory for Inflammatory Disease Clinical Trial Center Ajou University Medical Center Suwon South Korea
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Ajou University School of Medicine Suwon South Korea
| | - Hae‐Won Jung
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Ajou University School of Medicine Suwon South Korea
| | - Minji Kim
- Translational Research Laboratory for Inflammatory Disease Clinical Trial Center Ajou University Medical Center Suwon South Korea
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Ajou University School of Medicine Suwon South Korea
| | - Ji‐Young Moon
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Ajou University School of Medicine Suwon South Korea
| | - Ga‐Young Ban
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Ajou University School of Medicine Suwon South Korea
- Department of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine Kangdong Sacred Heart HospitalHallym University College of Medicine Institute for Life Sciences Seoul South Korea
| | - Su Jung Kim
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences Asan Medical Center University of Ulsan College of Medicine Seoul South Korea
| | - Hyun‐Ju Yoo
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences Asan Medical Center University of Ulsan College of Medicine Seoul South Korea
| | - Hae‐Sim Park
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Ajou University School of Medicine Suwon South Korea
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de Jong E, de Lange DW, Beishuizen A, van de Ven PM, Girbes ARJ, Huisman A. Neutrophil CD64 expression as a longitudinal biomarker for severe disease and acute infection in critically ill patients. Int J Lab Hematol 2016; 38:576-84. [PMID: 27565453 DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.12545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Neutrophilic granulocytes express cluster of differentiation 64 (CD64) antigen upon activation. CD64 can be used as a marker of bacterial infection and sepsis. The goal of this study was to determine whether CD64 is a useful biomarker for critically ill patients and analyze longitudinal measurements with regard to outcome and sepsis severity. METHODS In this prospective observational study, CD64 analysis was performed daily until discharge from ICU or death. Demographics, clinical, laboratory data, and outcome defined as 28-day survival were recorded. Patients were included when admitted to the ICU with sepsis, severe sepsis, or septic shock and within 24 h from start of antibiotic treatment. RESULTS Hundred and fifty-five consecutive patients were enrolled. At baseline, a difference in CD64 of 2.26 (1.33-4.47) vs. 1.49 (0.89-2.24) (P = 0.004) was seen between patients with a positive culture and negative culture. CD64 at day 1 was higher with patients with septic shock when compared with sepsis (P = 0.012). No difference of CD64 between survivors and nonsurvivors was seen. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that CD64 discriminates between critically ill patients with culture positive and negative sepsis and correlates with severity of disease. However, CD64 index is not a good predictor for 28-day mortality in the critically ill patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- E de Jong
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - D W de Lange
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - A Beishuizen
- Department of Intensive Care, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Intensive Care, Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - P M van de Ven
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A R J Girbes
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A Huisman
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Haematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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Yip J, Alshahrani M, Beauchemin N, Jackson DE. CEACAM1 regulates integrinαIIbβ3-mediated functions in platelets. Platelets 2015. [DOI: 10.3109/09537104.2015.1064102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Immunotherapy reduces allergen-mediated CD66b expression and myeloperoxidase levels on human neutrophils from allergic patients. PLoS One 2014; 9:e94558. [PMID: 24740105 PMCID: PMC3989194 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0094558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2013] [Accepted: 03/18/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
CD66b is a member of the carcinoembryonic antigen family, which mediates the adhesion between neutrophils and to endothelial cells. Allergen-specific immunotherapy is widely used to treat allergic diseases, and the molecular mechanisms underlying this therapy are poorly understood. The present work was undertaken to analyze A) the in vitro effect of allergens and immunotherapy on cell-surface CD66b expression of neutrophils from patients with allergic asthma and rhinitis and B) the in vivo effect of immunotherapy on cell-surface CD66b expression of neutrophils from nasal lavage fluid during the spring season. Myeloperoxidase expression and activity was also analyzed in nasal lavage fluid as a general marker of neutrophil activation. Results CD66b cell-surface expression is upregulated in vitro in response to allergens, and significantly reduced by immunotherapy (p<0.001). Myeloperoxidase activity in nasal lavage fluid was also significantly reduced by immunotherapy, as were the neutrophil cell-surface expression of CD66b and myeloperoxidase (p<0.001). Interestingly, CD66b expression was higher in neutrophils from nasal lavage fluid than those from peripheral blood, and immunotherapy reduced the number of CD66+MPO+ cells in nasal lavage fluid. Thus, immunotherapy positive effects might, at least in part, be mediated by the negative regulation of the CD66b and myeloperoxidase activity in human neutrophils.
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Fitrolaki DM, Dimitriou H, Kalmanti M, Briassoulis G. CD64-Neutrophil expression and stress metabolic patterns in early sepsis and severe traumatic brain injury in children. BMC Pediatr 2013; 13:31. [PMID: 23452299 PMCID: PMC3599547 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2431-13-31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2012] [Accepted: 02/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Critical illness constitutes a serious derangement of metabolism. The aim of our study was to compare acute phase metabolic patterns in children with sepsis (S) or severe sepsis/septic shock (SS) to those with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) and healthy controls (C) and to evaluate their relations to neutrophil, lymphocyte and monocyte expressions of CD64 and CD11b. Methods Sixty children were enrolled in the study. Forty-five children with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) were classified into three groups: TBI (n = 15), S (n = 15), and SS (n = 15). C consisted of 15 non- SIRS patients undergoing screening tests for minor elective surgery. Blood samples were collected within 6 hours after admission for flow cytometry of neutrophil, lymphocyte and monocyte expression of CD64 and CD11b (n = 60). Procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive protein (CRP), glucose, triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high (HDL) or low-density-lipoproteins (LDL) were also determined in all groups, and repeated on day 2 and 3 in the 3 SIRS groups (n = 150). Results CRP, PCT and TG (p < 0.01) were significantly increased in S and SS compared to TBI and C; glucose did not differ among critically ill groups. Significantly lower were the levels of TC, LDL, and HDL in septic groups compared to C and to moderate changes in TBI (p < 0.0001) but only LDL differed between S and SS (p < 0.02). Among septic patients, PCT levels declined significantly (p < 0.02) with time, followed by parallel decrease of HDL (p < 0.03) and increase of TG (p < 0.02) in the SS group. Neutrophil CD64 (nCD64) expression was higher in patients with SS (81.2%) and S (78.8%) as compared to those with TBI (5.5%) or C (0.9%, p < 0.0001). nCD64 was positively related with CRP, PCT, glucose, and TG (p < 0.01) and negatively with TC, LDL, and HDL (p < 0.0001), but not with severity of illness, hematologic indices, length of stay or mechanical ventilation duration. Conclusions In sepsis, the early stress-metabolic pattern is characterized by a high (nCD64, glucose, TG) - low (TC, HDL, LDL) combination in contrast to the moderate pattern of TBI in which only glucose increases combined with a moderate cholesterol - lipoprotein decrease. These early metabolic patterns persist the first 3 days of acute illness and are associated with the acute phase CD64 expression on neutrophils.
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Linden JR, Kunkel D, Laforce-Nesbitt SS, Bliss JM. The role of galectin-3 in phagocytosis of Candida albicans and Candida parapsilosis by human neutrophils. Cell Microbiol 2013; 15:1127-42. [PMID: 23279221 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.12103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2012] [Revised: 12/11/2012] [Accepted: 12/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Candida albicans causes the majority of invasive candidiasis in immunocompromised adults while Candida parapsilosis is a leading cause of neonatal candidiasis. While much work has focused on how the immune system recognizes and responds to C. albicans, less is known about host interaction with C. parapsilosis. This study investigates the human neutrophil phagocytic response to these species. Neutrophils underwent phagocytosis of C. parapsilosis yeast and C. albicans hyphae much more efficiently than C. albicans yeast. Treatment of neutrophils with a galectin-3 (gal3) blocking antibody inhibited phagocytosis of C. parapsilosis yeast and C. albicans hyphae, but not C. albicans yeast. The majority of neutrophil gal3 was expressed intracellularly and was secreted from neutrophils after treatment with C. parapsilosis mannan. When neutrophils were treated with exogenous gal3, phagocytosis of both C. albicans and C. parapsilosis yeast increased. Exposure of neutrophils to C. parapsilosis yeast increased phagocytosis of C. albicans yeast and was inhibited by gal3 blocking antibody. Taken together, these data indicate that gal3 secreted from neutrophils may act as a pro-inflammatory autocrine/paracrine signal in neutrophil phagocytosis and suggest that gal3 has a unique role in neutrophil response to C. parapsilosis yeast and C. albicans hyphae distinct from C. albicans yeast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer R Linden
- Graduate Program in Pathobiology, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
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Abstract
The carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) family comprises a large number of cellular surface molecules, the CEA-related cell adhesion molecules (CEACAMs), which belong to the Ig superfamily. CEACAMs exhibit a complex expression pattern in normal and malignant tissues. The majority of the CEACAMs are cellular adhesion molecules that are involved in a great variety of distinct cellular processes, for example in the integration of cellular responses through homo- and heterophilic adhesion and interaction with a broad selection of signal regulatory proteins, i.e., integrins or cytoskeletal components and tyrosine kinases. Moreover, expression of CEACAMs affects tumor growth, angiogenesis, cellular differentiation, immune responses, and they serve as receptors for commensal and pathogenic microbes. Recently, new insights into CEACAM structure and function became available, providing further elucidation of their kaleidoscopic functions.
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Rhind SG, Crnko NT, Baker AJ, Morrison LJ, Shek PN, Scarpelini S, Rizoli SB. Prehospital resuscitation with hypertonic saline-dextran modulates inflammatory, coagulation and endothelial activation marker profiles in severe traumatic brain injured patients. J Neuroinflammation 2010; 7:5. [PMID: 20082712 PMCID: PMC2819256 DOI: 10.1186/1742-2094-7-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2009] [Accepted: 01/18/2010] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Traumatic brain injury (TBI) initiates interrelated inflammatory and coagulation cascades characterized by wide-spread cellular activation, induction of leukocyte and endothelial cell adhesion molecules and release of soluble pro/antiinflammatory cytokines and thrombotic mediators. Resuscitative care is focused on optimizing cerebral perfusion and reducing secondary injury processes. Hypertonic saline is an effective osmotherapeutic agent for the treatment of intracranial hypertension and has immunomodulatory properties that may confer neuroprotection. This study examined the impact of hypertonic fluids on inflammatory/coagulation cascades in isolated head injury. Methods Using a prospective, randomized controlled trial we investigated the impact of prehospital resuscitation of severe TBI (GCS < 8) patients using 7.5% hypertonic saline in combination with 6% dextran-70 (HSD) vs 0.9% normal saline (NS), on selected cellular and soluble inflammatory/coagulation markers. Serial blood samples were drawn from 65 patients (30 HSD, 35 NS) at the time of hospital admission and at 12, 24, and 48-h post-resuscitation. Flow cytometry was used to analyze leukocyte cell-surface adhesion (CD62L, CD11b) and degranulation (CD63, CD66b) molecules. Circulating concentrations of soluble (s)L- and sE-selectins (sL-, sE-selectins), vascular and intercellular adhesion molecules (sVCAM-1, sICAM-1), pro/antiinflammatory cytokines [tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL-10)], tissue factor (sTF), thrombomodulin (sTM) and D-dimers (D-D) were assessed by enzyme immunoassay. Twenty-five healthy subjects were studied as a control group. Results TBI provoked marked alterations in a majority of the inflammatory/coagulation markers assessed in all patients. Relative to control, NS patients showed up to a 2-fold higher surface expression of CD62L, CD11b and CD66b on polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) and monocytes that persisted for 48-h. HSD blunted the expression of these cell-surface activation/adhesion molecules at all time-points to levels approaching control values. Admission concentrations of endothelial-derived sVCAM-1 and sE-selectin were generally reduced in HSD patients. Circulating sL-selectin levels were significantly elevated at 12 and 48, but not 24 h post-resuscitation with HSD. TNF-α and IL-10 levels were elevated above control throughout the study period in all patients, but were reduced in HSD patients. Plasma sTF and D-D levels were also significantly lower in HSD patients, whereas sTM levels remained at control levels. Conclusions These findings support an important modulatory role of HSD resuscitation in attenuating the upregulation of leukocyte/endothelial cell proinflammatory/prothrombotic mediators, which may help ameliorate secondary brain injury after TBI. Trial registration NCT00878631.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawn G Rhind
- Defence Research and Development Canada, Toronto, Canada.
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Thom SR, Bhopale VM, Mancini DJ, Milovanova TN. Actin S-nitrosylation inhibits neutrophil beta2 integrin function. J Biol Chem 2008; 283:10822-34. [PMID: 18283105 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m709200200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The focus of this work was to elucidate the mechanism for inhibition of neutrophil beta(2) integrin adhesion molecules by hyperoxia. Results demonstrate that exposure to high oxygen partial pressures increases synthesis of reactive species derived from type 2 nitric-oxide synthase and myeloperoxidase, leading to excessive S-nitrosylation of beta-actin and possibly profilin. Hyperoxia causes S-nitrosylation of the four cysteine moieties closest to the carboxyl-terminal end of actin, which results in formation of short actin filaments. This alters actin polymerization, network formation, and intracellular distribution, as well as inhibits beta(2) integrin clustering. If neutrophils are exposed to ultraviolet light to reverse S-nitrosylation, or are incubated with N-formyl-methionyl-leucine-phenylalanine to trigger "inside-out" activation, the effects of hyperoxia are reversed. We conclude that cytoskeletal changes triggered by hyperoxia inhibit beta(2) integrin-dependent neutrophil adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen R Thom
- Institute for Environmental Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6068, USA
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Martins PS, Brunialti MKC, Martos LSW, Machado FR, Assunçao MS, Blecher S, Salomao R. Expression of cell surface receptors and oxidative metabolism modulation in the clinical continuum of sepsis. CRITICAL CARE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE CRITICAL CARE FORUM 2008; 12:R25. [PMID: 18302745 PMCID: PMC2374621 DOI: 10.1186/cc6801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2007] [Revised: 12/21/2007] [Accepted: 02/13/2008] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Background Infection control depends on adequate microbe recognition and cell activation, yet inflammatory response may lead to organ dysfunction in sepsis. The aims of this study were to evaluate cell activation in the context of sepsis and its correlation with organ dysfunction. Methods A total of 41 patients were prospectively enrolled: 14 with sepsis, 12 with severe sepsis and 15 with septic shock. A total of 17 healthy volunteers were included as a control group. Patients were admitted to the Intensive Care Units and Emergency Rooms of Hospital Sao Paulo (Federal University of Sao Paulo) and Hospital Santa Marcelina, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Toll-like receptor (TLR)2, TLR4, CD11b, CD11c and CD66b expression on neutrophil surfaces and oxidative metabolism measured by non-fluorescent dichlorofluorescein (DCFH) oxidation in neutrophils and monocytes, using whole blood, were evaluated using flow cytometry. Organ dysfunction was measured using the sepsis-associated organ failure assessment (SOFA) score. Results TLR2 expression on neutrophils was found to be downregulated in septic shock patients compared to healthy volunteers (p = 0.05). No differences were found in CD11b and CD11c expression. CD66b expression was increased in the patient group compared to the control group (p = 0.01). Neutrophil and monocyte oxidative burst was increased in septic patients compared to the control group at baseline and after stimulation with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP), lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and Staphylococcus aureus (p < 0.001 and p < 0.01, respectively, for neutrophils and monocytes in all tested conditions). A strong correlation was observed between neutrophil and monocyte oxidative metabolism. A SOFA score of 7 discriminated patients between survivors and non-survivors (area under the curve for reactive oxygen species (ROS) was 0.78; p = 0.02). ROS generation in patients with sepsis and septic shock with SOFA scores > 7 was higher than in patients with SOFA scores < 7, both in neutrophils and monocytes. However, oxidative burst in patients with sepsis was as high as in septic shock. Conclusion Surface receptors expression on neutrophils may be modulated across the continuum of sepsis, and enhanced or decreased expression may be found depending on the receptor considered. ROS generation is upregulated both in neutrophils and monocytes in septic patients, and it is differently modulated depending on the stage of the disease and the stimuli used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo S Martins
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Deree J, Lall R, Melbostad H, Grant M, Hoyt DB, Coimbra R. Neutrophil degranulation and the effects of phosphodiesterase inhibition. J Surg Res 2006; 133:22-8. [PMID: 16690368 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2006.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2005] [Revised: 02/16/2006] [Accepted: 02/17/2006] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neutrophils play a major role as the first line in host defense after exposure to bacterial products. However, an exaggerated inflammatory response characterized by overwhelming neutrophil activation can be injurious to the host. Pentoxifylline (PTX), a nonspecific phosphodiesterase inhibitor, has been shown to attenuate neutrophil oxidative burst and decrease proinflammatory mediator synthesis. We hypothesized that PTX down-regulates neutrophil activation by decreasing the surface expression of both CD35 and CD66b, two markers of neutrophil degranulation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Venous blood was obtained from three healthy volunteers. Whole blood was incubated with HBSS (control), f-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP, 1 microM/L), PTX (2 mM/L), or fMLP + PTX. CD35 and CD66b expression were measured by flow cytometry. RESULTS fMLP treatment caused a significant increase in CD35 and CD66b expression of when compared to controls (P < 0.01). PTX treatment revealed expression of both markers comparable to the control group. A 38% decrease in CD35 (64 +/- 12 versus 100; P < 0.01) and a 52% decrease in CD66b (48 +/- 7 versus 100; P < 0.01) expression were demonstrated in the fMLP + PTX group when compared to fMLP alone. CONCLUSION In addition to the known effects of PTX on neutrophil oxidative burst, PTX also affects neutrophil degranulation, an essential step in enzyme release and subsequent tissue injury. These findings may have clinical relevance in the treatment of disease processes due to inflammation in which primed neutrophils play a role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Deree
- Division of Trauma and Surgical Critical Care, Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, CA, USA
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Wittmann S, Rothe G, Schmitz G, Fröhlich D. Cytokine upregulation of surface antigens correlates to the priming of the neutrophil oxidative burst response. Cytometry A 2004; 57:53-62. [PMID: 14699606 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.10108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neutrophil activation is strongly related to organ dysfunction that occurs during systemic inflammatory responses. The aim of our study was to analyze the oxidative burst response in correlation to the up- and downregulation of N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) receptors and the surface antigens CD11b, CD62L, and CD66b as potential surrogate markers of the degree of neutrophil priming for an increased oxidative burst response induced by proinflammatory cytokines. METHODS Blood was taken from healthy donors. Neutrophils were pretreated with cytokines (interleukin [IL]-1beta, IL-6, IL-8, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor [GM-CSF], and tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNFalpha]; 0.01-10 ng/ml) and stimulated with fMLP (100 nM) in vitro. Functional and phenotypical parameters were quantified flow cytometrically. RESULTS The oxidative burst response increased after priming with 0.1 ng/ml TNFalpha, 1 ng/ml GM-CSF, or 10 ng/ml IL-8. Upregulation of fMLP receptors, CD11b, and CD66b and downregulation of CD62L showed a close correlation to the oxidative burst response. Altered expression of these parameters partly reached significance at lower cytokine concentrations in comparison with the oxidative burst. IL-1beta and IL-6 had no effect. CONCLUSIONS Our results showed that the expression of phenotypical parameters closely correlates with functional parameters in human neutrophils. Thus an up- or downregulation of antigens such as CD11b or CD62L reflects cytokine-induced functional changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Wittmann
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Regensburg, 93042, Germany
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Taylor EL, Rossi AG, Shaw CA, Dal Rio FP, Haslett C, Megson IL. GEA 3162 decomposes to co-generate nitric oxide and superoxide and induces apoptosis in human neutrophils via a peroxynitrite-dependent mechanism. Br J Pharmacol 2004; 143:179-85. [PMID: 15289284 PMCID: PMC1575270 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0705909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
1. GEA 3162 (1,2,3,4,-oxatriazolium, 5-amino-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-chloride), has powerful effects on neutrophil function and apoptosis, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear, particularly with respect to the possible roles of nitric oxide (NO) and/or peroxynitrite (ONOO(-)). 2. Our hypothesis was that GEA 3162 is a generator of ONOO(-) and that its biological effects on neutrophil apoptosis differ from those of a conventional NO donor. The effects of GEA 3162 were compared to those of the established ONOO(-) donor, 3-morpholinosydnonimine (SIN-1), and the NO donor, diethylamine diazeniumdiolate (DEA/NO) in neutrophils from healthy volunteers. Electrochemical detection and electron paramagnetic resonance were used to define the NO-related species generated from these agents. 3. GEA 3162 and SIN-1 influence neutrophil apoptosis differently from DEA/NO. All three compounds induced morphological neutrophil apoptosis. However, both GEA 3162 and SIN-1 paradoxically inhibited internucleosomal DNA fragmentation, whereas DEA/NO induced fragmentation compared to control. 4. In contrast to DEA/NO, generation of free NO was not detectable in solutions of GEA 3162 or SIN-1 (100 microm). However, Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD; 50-750 U ml(-1)) unmasked NO generated from these compounds in a concentration-dependent manner. GEA 3162 and SIN-1 oxidised the O(2)(-)- and ONOO(-)-sensitive dye, dihydrorhodamine 123 (DHR 123; 1 microm), suggesting that ONOO(-) released from these compounds is responsible for oxidation of DHR 123. 5. We conclude that GEA 3162 is an ONOO(-) donor with pro-apoptotic properties that more closely resemble SIN-1 than the NO donor, DEA/NO. Moreover, unlike NO, ONOO(-) induces apoptosis in neutrophils via a mechanism that does not require DNA fragmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma L Taylor
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Rayne Laboratory, Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Teviot Place, Edinburgh EH8 9AG
| | - Adriano G Rossi
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Rayne Laboratory, Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Teviot Place, Edinburgh EH8 9AG
- Author for correspondence:
| | - Catherine A Shaw
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Hugh Robson Building, University of Edinburgh, George Square, Edinburgh EH8 9XD
| | - Francesco P Dal Rio
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Hugh Robson Building, University of Edinburgh, George Square, Edinburgh EH8 9XD
| | - Christopher Haslett
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Rayne Laboratory, Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Teviot Place, Edinburgh EH8 9AG
| | - Ian L Megson
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Hugh Robson Building, University of Edinburgh, George Square, Edinburgh EH8 9XD
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15
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Petty HR, Worth RG, Todd RF. Interactions of integrins with their partner proteins in leukocyte membranes. Immunol Res 2002; 25:75-95. [PMID: 11868935 DOI: 10.1385/ir:25:1:75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Integrins participate in many aspects of immunologic and inflammatory responses, especially those involving cell migration, adherence, and activation. Although leukocyte integrins such as complement receptor type 3 (CR3) are known to carry out certain functions without the intervention of other plasma membrane receptors, many plasma membrane proteins are now known to physically interact and functionally cooperate with integrins. Several of these interactions are highly dynamic within cell membranes; thus integrin-partner protein interactions change during certain physiological processes. This allows an extraordinary adaptability of the system to prime and promote proinflammatory signaling. Since our discovery of the CR3-FcgammaRIIIB interaction, the plasma membrane protein repertoire of beta1, beta2, and beta3 integrins has grown to include: FcgammaRIIA (CD32), uPAR (urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor; CD87), CD14, voltage-gated K+channels (Kv1.3), integrin-associated protein (IAP), CD98, tetraspans (TM4SF), insulin receptors, and PDGFbeta receptors. In this article we will highlight certain features of this growing field of research, especially with regard to their relevance in immunology and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Howard R Petty
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA.
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16
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Alemán M, Beigier-Bompadre M, Borghetti C, de la Barrera S, Abbate E, Isturiz M, Sasiain MC. Activation of peripheral blood neutrophils from patients with active advanced tuberculosis. Clin Immunol 2001; 100:87-95. [PMID: 11414749 DOI: 10.1006/clim.2001.5044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Activation of peripheral blood neutrophils (PMN) was investigated in order to determine whether they might contribute to the inflammatory process during active advanced tuberculosis. Receptors for the Fc portion of IgG (FcgammaR) (FcgammaRI, FcgammaRII, and FcgammaRIIIB), CD66 (degranulation marker), and receptors for tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-R55 and TNF-R75) were analyzed on PMN obtained from normal controls and tuberculosis patients (TB-PMN). Functional parameters such as cytotoxicity, superoxide anion generation triggered by N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenyl-alanine (FMLP), and TNF-alpha and IL-1beta production were evaluated. A high expression of TNF-R55, CD66, and FcgammaRIIIB and the appearance of FcgammaRI were detected in TB-PMN. In addition, cytotoxicity, superoxide anion release, and TNF-alpha and IL-1beta production were enhanced in TB-PMN. Thus, in tuberculosis, the activation of PMN outside the focus of infection strongly suggests the possibility of a systemic inflammation that could modulate the inflammatory response.
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MESH Headings
- Antigen-Antibody Complex/immunology
- Antigens, CD/analysis
- Antigens, CD/biosynthesis
- Antigens, Differentiation/analysis
- Cell Adhesion Molecules
- Chemotaxis, Leukocyte/drug effects
- Cytoplasmic Granules/metabolism
- Cytotoxicity, Immunologic
- Humans
- Immunoglobulin G/immunology
- Interleukin-1/biosynthesis
- N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine/pharmacology
- Neutrophils/physiology
- Receptors, IgG/analysis
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I
- Respiratory Burst
- Superoxides/metabolism
- Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/blood
- Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/immunology
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/biosynthesis
- Up-Regulation
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Affiliation(s)
- M Alemán
- Departamento de Inmunología, Academia Nacional de Medicina, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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17
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Abstract
Adhesion of neutrophils to substrate is initiated by receptor-ligand interactions that induce outside-in signaling. Inside-out signals and lateral interactions between surface molecules further fine tune the response. This study investigates the role of CD66 in adhesion of neutrophils to fibronectin, using domain-mapped monoclonal antibodies to CD66. Neutrophils express CD66a, CD66b, and CD66c on their surface. The neutrophil surface molecules that bind to fibronectin are the alpha(4)beta(1) and alpha(5)beta(1) integrins. Our results show that the monoclonal antibody Kat4c, which recognizes the AB domain of CD66a, b, and c and the polyclonal anti-CD66 (anti-carcinoembryonic antigen), augments neutrophil adhesion to fibronectin, while monoclonal antibodies to the individual CD66 antigens, the Fab fragment of Kat4c, and a mixture of the individual antibodies to CD66 antigens were unable to affect the adhesion. Thus heterodimerization of CD66a, b, and c is required for promoting neutrophil adhesion to fibronectin. The increased adhesion in presence of Kat4c was inhibited by antibodies to the beta(1) and beta(2) integrins. Antibody ligation of CD66 antigens causes their clustering and concomitant coclustering of the alpha(M) subunit of the beta(2) integrin, thereby activating the integrin. The sugar alpha-methyl mannoside inhibited anti-CD66-mediated clustering, indicating that a carbohydrate-lectin interaction may exist between CD66 and alpha(M) integrin. It also reduced the increased adhesion of neutrophils to fibronectin, suggesting that beta(2) integrin activation precedes beta(1) integrin activation. Further, the anti-CD66-mediated adhesion to fibronectin is accompanied by increased localization of Src family kinases (lyn and hck) to the cytoskeleton and an increase in their kinase activity. These results suggest that crosslinking of CD66a, CD66b, and CD66c promotes activation of the beta(2) integrin and in turn an alteration in the affinity of the beta(1) integrin, which enhances the adhesion of neutrophils to fibronectin.
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Affiliation(s)
- K S Nair
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Division, Cancer Research Institute, Parel, Mumbai, 400 012, India
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18
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Oikawa S, Sugiyama M, Kuroki M, Kuroki M, Nakazato H. Extracellular N-domain alone can mediate specific heterophilic adhesion between members of the carcinoembryonic antigen family, CEACAM6 and CEACAM8. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2000; 278:564-8. [PMID: 11095950 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.2000.3858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The domain(s) responsible for the specific heterophilic adhesion between two members of the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) family, CEACAM6 and CEACAM8, both of which with three extracellular domains, were investigated using Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) transfectants expressing chimeric antigens. Using a chimeric antigen in which the N-domain, a sole extracellular domain, of CEACAM3 was substituted with that of CEACAM6, it was shown that the N-domain of CEACAM6 alone was able to mediate specific adhesion to CEACAM8. Furthermore, the chimeric antigen was shown to bind significantly to chimeric CEA whose N-domain was substituted with that of CEACAM8, but not to unsubstituted CEA. These results demonstrate that the N-domain alone is sufficient and other domains of CEACAM6 or CEACAM8 are not required for this specific binding. We therefore propose a model of heterophilic interaction between the N-domains, which is distinct from that of CEA-CEA homophilic binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Oikawa
- Suntory Biomedical Research Limited, 1-1-1 Wakayamadai, Shimamoto-cho, Mishima-gun, Osaka, 618-8503, Japan.
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19
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Bos MP, Hogan D, Belland RJ. Homologue scanning mutagenesis reveals CD66 receptor residues required for neisserial Opa protein binding. J Exp Med 1999; 190:331-40. [PMID: 10430622 PMCID: PMC2195581 DOI: 10.1084/jem.190.3.331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/1999] [Accepted: 06/08/1999] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The immunoglobulin-like family of CD66 antigens, present on human neutrophils and epithelial cells, are used as receptors for adhesins expressed by the pathogenic Neisseriae. N. gonorrhoeae strain MS11 can express 11 isoforms of these adhesins, called opacity-related (Opa) proteins. Each MS11 Opa protein recognizes a distinct spectrum of CD66 receptors. CD66-Opa binding is mediated by the NH(2)-terminal domain of the receptor and occurs through protein-protein interactions. In this report, we have investigated the molecular basis for the binding between the CD66 and Opa protein families by mapping amino acids in CD66 receptors that determine Opa protein binding. We performed homologue scanning mutagenesis between CD66e, which binds multiple Opa variants, and CD66b, which binds none, and tested both loss-of-function by CD66e and gain-of-function by CD66b in solution assays and in assays involving full-length receptors expressed by epithelial cells. We found that three residues in the CD66e N-domain are required for maximal Opa protein receptor activity. Opa proteins that recognize the same spectrum of native CD66 molecules showed differential binding of receptors with submaximal activity, indicating that the binding characteristics of these Opa proteins are actually slightly different. These data provide a first step toward resolving the structural requirements for Opa-CD66 interaction.
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MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Antigens, Bacterial/metabolism
- Antigens, CD/biosynthesis
- Antigens, CD/genetics
- Antigens, CD/metabolism
- Antigens, CD/physiology
- Antigens, Differentiation/biosynthesis
- Antigens, Differentiation/genetics
- Antigens, Differentiation/metabolism
- Antigens, Differentiation/physiology
- Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins/metabolism
- CHO Cells
- Cell Adhesion Molecules
- Cricetinae
- Epithelial Cells/metabolism
- Epithelial Cells/microbiology
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Mutagenesis, Site-Directed
- Neisseria gonorrhoeae/metabolism
- Neisseria gonorrhoeae/physiology
- Peptide Fragments/chemistry
- Peptide Fragments/genetics
- Peptide Fragments/metabolism
- Peptide Fragments/physiology
- Peptide Mapping
- Protein Binding/genetics
- Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
- Transfection
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Affiliation(s)
- M P Bos
- Laboratory of Microbial Structure and Function, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Hamilton, Montana 59840-2999, USA.
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Monoclonal Lym-1 Antibody-Dependent Cytolysis by Neutrophils Exposed to Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor: Intervention of FcγRII (CD32), CD11b-CD18 Integrins, and CD66b Glycoproteins. Blood 1999. [DOI: 10.1182/blood.v93.10.3505.410k20_3505_3511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Murine monoclonal antibody (MoAb) Lym-1 is an IgG2a able to bind HLA-DR variants on malignant B cells and suitable for serotherapeutic approaches in B-lymphoma patients. We have previously shown that Lym-1 can synergize with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) to trigger neutrophil cytolysis towards Raji cells used as a model of B-lymphoma targets. Here we provide evidence for the intervention of certain neutrophil receptors or surface molecules in this model of cell-mediated lysis. The lysis was completely inhibited by the anti-FcγRII MoAb IV.3 and unaffected by the anti-FcγRIII MoAb 3G8. This suggests that neutrophil cytolysis involves FcγRII without cooperation of this receptor with FcγRIII. Moreover, the lysis was inhibited by an anti-CD18 MoAb (MEM48) and by a MoAb specific for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)-like and glycophosphatidyl inositol (GPI)-linked glycoproteins (CD66b). Using an immunofluorescence staining procedure, cross-linking of CD66b induced the redistribution of CD11b on neutrophils with distinct areas of CD11b clustering via a process susceptible of inhibition by D-mannose. This is consistent with the ability of CD11b-CD18 and CD66b to undergo lectin-like physical interactions on the neutrophil surface. Such a type of interaction is presumably instrumental for neutrophil cytolytic activity in that the lysis was inhibited by D-mannose and enhanced by the MoAb VIM-12, which mimics the cooperation between CD11b and GPI-anchored molecules by specifically interacting with CD11b lectin-like sites. Therefore, the present results prove the absolute requirement for FcγRII in neutrophil GM-CSF/Lym-1–mediated cytolysis and, on the other hand, define the crucial role of CD66b and CD11b/CD18 in the expression of the cell lytic potential.
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