1
|
Peake JD, Noguchi E. Fanconi anemia: current insights regarding epidemiology, cancer, and DNA repair. Hum Genet 2022; 141:1811-1836. [PMID: 35596788 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-022-02462-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Fanconi anemia is a genetic disorder that is characterized by bone marrow failure, as well as a predisposition to malignancies including leukemia and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). At least 22 genes are associated with Fanconi anemia, constituting the Fanconi anemia DNA repair pathway. This pathway coordinates multiple processes and proteins to facilitate the repair of DNA adducts including interstrand crosslinks (ICLs) that are generated by environmental carcinogens, chemotherapeutic crosslinkers, and metabolic products of alcohol. ICLs can interfere with DNA transactions, including replication and transcription. If not properly removed and repaired, ICLs cause DNA breaks and lead to genomic instability, a hallmark of cancer. In this review, we will discuss the genetic and phenotypic characteristics of Fanconi anemia, the epidemiology of the disease, and associated cancer risk. The sources of ICLs and the role of ICL-inducing chemotherapeutic agents will also be discussed. Finally, we will review the detailed mechanisms of ICL repair via the Fanconi anemia DNA repair pathway, highlighting critical regulatory processes. Together, the information in this review will underscore important contributions to Fanconi anemia research in the past two decades.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine D Peake
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, 245 N. 15th Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19102, USA
| | - Eishi Noguchi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, 245 N. 15th Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19102, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Thompson AS, Saba N, McReynolds LJ, Munir S, Ahmed P, Sajjad S, Jones K, Yeager M, Donovan FX, Chandrasekharappa SC, Alter BP, Savage SA, Rehman S. The causes of Fanconi anemia in South Asia and the Middle East: A case series and review of the literature. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2021; 9:e1693. [PMID: 33960719 PMCID: PMC8372062 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Fanconi anemia (FA) is an inherited bone marrow failure syndrome associated with characteristic dysmorphology primarily caused by biallelic pathogenic germline variants in any of 22 different DNA repair genes. There are limited data on the specific molecular causes of FA in different ethnic groups. Methods We performed exome sequencing and copy number variant analyses on 19 patients with FA from 17 families undergoing hematopoietic cell transplantation evaluation in Pakistan. The scientific literature was reviewed, and we curated germline variants reported in patients with FA from South Asia and the Middle East. Results The genetic causes of FA were identified in 14 of the 17 families: seven FANCA, two FANCC, one FANCF, two FANCG, and two FANCL. Homozygous and compound heterozygous variants were present in 12 and two families, respectively. Nine families carried variants previously reported as pathogenic, including two families with the South Asian FANCL founder variant. We also identified five novel likely deleterious variants in FANCA, FANCF, and FANCG in affected patients. Conclusions Our study supports the importance of determining the genomic landscape of FA in diverse populations, in order to improve understanding of FA etiology and assist in the counseling of families.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashley S Thompson
- Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nusrat Saba
- Institute of Biomedical and Genetic Engineering, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Lisa J McReynolds
- Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Saeeda Munir
- Institute of Biomedical and Genetic Engineering, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Parvez Ahmed
- Quaid-i-Azam International Hospital, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sumaira Sajjad
- Institute of Biomedical and Genetic Engineering, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Kristine Jones
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Meredith Yeager
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Frank X Donovan
- Cancer Genetics and Comparative Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Settara C Chandrasekharappa
- Cancer Genetics and Comparative Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Blanche P Alter
- Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sharon A Savage
- Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sadia Rehman
- Institute of Biomedical and Genetic Engineering, Islamabad, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ben Haj Ali A, Messaoud O, Elouej S, Talmoudi F, Ayed W, Mellouli F, Ouederni M, Hadiji S, De Sandre-Giovannoli A, Delague V, Lévy N, Bogliolo M, Surrallés J, Abdelhak S, Amouri A. FANCA Gene Mutations in North African Fanconi Anemia Patients. Front Genet 2021; 12:610050. [PMID: 33679882 PMCID: PMC7933650 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.610050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Populations in North Africa (NA) are characterized by a high rate of consanguinity. Consequently, the proportion of founder mutations might be higher than expected and could be a major cause for the high prevalence of recessive genetic disorders like Fanconi anemia (FA). We report clinical, cytogenetic, and molecular characterization of FANCA in 29 North African FA patients from Tunisia, Libya, and Algeria. Cytogenetic tests revealed high rates of spontaneous chromosome breakages for all patients except two of them. FANCA molecular analysis was performed using three different molecular approaches which allowed us to identify causal mutations as homozygous or compound heterozygous forms. It included a nonsense mutation (c.2749C > T; p.Arg917Ter), one reported missense mutation (c.1304G > A; p.Arg435His), a novel missense variant (c.1258G > A; p.Asp409Glu), and the FANCA most common reported mutation (c.3788_3790delTCT; p.Phe1263del). Furthermore, three founder mutations were identified in 86.7% of the 22 Tunisian patients: (1) a deletion of exon 15, in 36.4% patients (8/22); (2), a deletion of exons 4 and 5 in 23% (5/22) and (3) an intronic mutation c.2222 + 166G > A, in 27.3% (6/22). Despite the relatively small number of patients studied, our results depict the mutational landscape of FA among NA populations and it should be taken into consideration for appropriate genetic counseling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abir Ben Haj Ali
- Department of Histology and Cytogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.,Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Olfa Messaoud
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Sahar Elouej
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.,INSERM, MMG, UMR 1251, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Faten Talmoudi
- Department of Histology and Cytogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.,Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Wiem Ayed
- Department of Histology and Cytogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.,Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Fethi Mellouli
- Department of Peadiatric Immuno-Haematology, National Bone Marrow Transplantation, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Monia Ouederni
- Department of Peadiatric Immuno-Haematology, National Bone Marrow Transplantation, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Sondes Hadiji
- Haematology Department, Hedi Chaker Hospital, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | | | - Valérie Delague
- INSERM, MMG, UMR 1251, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Nicolas Lévy
- INSERM, MMG, UMR 1251, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Massimo Bogliolo
- Research Institute IIB Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jordi Surrallés
- Research Institute IIB Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonia Abdelhak
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Ahlem Amouri
- Department of Histology and Cytogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.,Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Steinberg-Shemer O, Goldberg TA, Yacobovich J, Levin C, Koren A, Revel-Vilk S, Ben-Ami T, Kuperman AA, Zemer VS, Toren A, Kapelushnik J, Ben-Barak A, Miskin H, Krasnov T, Noy-Lotan S, Dgany O, Tamary H. Characterization and genotype-phenotype correlation of patients with Fanconi anemia in a multi-ethnic population. Haematologica 2019; 105:1825-1834. [PMID: 31558676 PMCID: PMC7327661 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2019.222877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fanconi anemia (FA), an inherited bone marrow failure (BMF) syndrome, caused by mutations in DNA repair genes, is characterized by congenital anomalies, aplastic anemia, high risk of malignancies and extreme sensitivity to alkylating agents. We aimed to study the clinical presentation, molecular diagnosis and genotype-phenotype correlation among patients with FA from the Israeli inherited BMF registry. Overall, 111 patients of Arab (57%) and Jewish (43%) descent were followed for a median of 15 years (range: 0.1-49); 63% were offspring of consanguineous parents. One-hundred patients (90%) had at least one congenital anomaly; over 80% of the patients developed bone marrow failure; 53% underwent hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation; 33% of the patients developed cancer; no significant association was found between hematopoietic stem-cell transplant and solid tumor development. Nearly 95% of the patients tested had confirmed mutations in the Fanconi genes FANCA (67%), FANCC (13%), FANCG (14%), FANCJ (3%) and FANCD1 (2%), including twenty novel mutations. Patients with FANCA mutations developed cancer at a significantly older age compared to patients with mutations in other Fanconi genes (mean 18.5 and 5.2 years, respectively, P=0.001); however, the overall survival did not depend on the causative gene. We hereby describe a large national cohort of patients with FA, the vast majority genetically diagnosed. Our results suggest an older age for cancer development in patients with FANCA mutations and no increased incidence of solid tumors following hematopoietic stem-cell transplant. Further studies are needed to guide individual treatment and follow-up programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Orna Steinberg-Shemer
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikva .,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv.,Pediatric Hematology Laboratory, Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Petach Tikva
| | - Tracie A Goldberg
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikva
| | - Joanne Yacobovich
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikva.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv
| | - Carina Levin
- Pediatric Hematology Unit, Emek Medical Center, Afula.,The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa
| | - Ariel Koren
- Pediatric Hematology Unit, Emek Medical Center, Afula.,The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa
| | - Shoshana Revel-Vilk
- Pediatric Hematology/Oncology Unit, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, affiliated with Hadassah- Hebrew University Medical School, Jerusalem
| | - Tal Ben-Ami
- Pediatric Hematology Unit, Kaplan Medical Center, Rehovot
| | - Amir A Kuperman
- Blood Coagulation Service and Pediatric Hematology Clinic, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya.,Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed
| | - Vered Shkalim Zemer
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikva.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv
| | - Amos Toren
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv.,Department of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology, Children's Hospital (Edmond and Lily), Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer
| | - Joseph Kapelushnik
- Pediatric Hematology, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University, Beer Sheva
| | - Ayelet Ben-Barak
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Department, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - Hagit Miskin
- Pediatric Hematology/Oncology Unit, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, affiliated with Hadassah- Hebrew University Medical School, Jerusalem
| | - Tanya Krasnov
- Pediatric Hematology Laboratory, Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Petach Tikva
| | - Sharon Noy-Lotan
- Pediatric Hematology Laboratory, Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Petach Tikva
| | - Orly Dgany
- Pediatric Hematology Laboratory, Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Petach Tikva
| | - Hannah Tamary
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikva .,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv.,Pediatric Hematology Laboratory, Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Petach Tikva
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ben Haj Ali A, Amouri A, Sayeb M, Makni S, Hammami W, Naouali C, Dallali H, Romdhane L, Bashamboo A, McElreavey K, Abdelhak S, Messaoud O. Cytogenetic and molecular diagnosis of Fanconi anemia revealed two hidden phenotypes: Disorder of sex development and cerebro-oculo-facio-skeletal syndrome. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2019; 7:e00694. [PMID: 31124294 PMCID: PMC6625148 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Several studies have shown a high rate of consanguinity and endogamy in North African populations. As a result, the frequency of autosomal recessive diseases is relatively high in the region with the co‐occurrence of two or more diseases. Methods We report here on a consanguineous Libyan family whose child was initially diagnosed as presenting Fanconi anemia (FA) with uncommon skeletal deformities. The chromosome breakage test has been performed using mitomycin C (MMC) while molecular analysis was performed by a combined approach of linkage analysis and whole exome sequencing. Results Cytogenetic analyses showed that the karyotype of the female patient is 46,XY suggesting the diagnosis of a disorder of sex development (DSD). By looking at the genetic etiology of FA and DSD, we have identified p.[Arg798*];[Arg798*] mutation in FANCJ (OMIM #605882) gene responsible for FA and p.[Arg108*];[Arg1497Trp] in EFCAB6 (Gene #64800) gene responsible for DSD. In addition, we have incidentally discovered a novel mutation p.[Gly1372Arg];[Gly1372Arg] in the ERCC6 (CSB) (OMIM #609413) gene responsible for COFS that might explain the atypical severe skeletal deformities. Conclusion The co‐occurrence of clinical and overlapping genetic heterogeneous entities should be taken into consideration for better molecular and genetic counseling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abir Ben Haj Ali
- Laboratory of Histology and Cytogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.,Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Ahlem Amouri
- Laboratory of Histology and Cytogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.,Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Marwa Sayeb
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | | | - Wajih Hammami
- Laboratory of Histology and Cytogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.,Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Chokri Naouali
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Hamza Dallali
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Lilia Romdhane
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Anu Bashamboo
- Human Developmental Genetics, Institut Pasteur de Paris, Paris, France
| | | | - Sonia Abdelhak
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Olfa Messaoud
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Elloumi-Zghal H, Chaabouni Bouhamed H. Genetics and genomic medicine in Tunisia. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2018; 6:134-159. [PMID: 29663716 PMCID: PMC5902400 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetics and genomic medicine in Tunisia.
![]()
Collapse
|
7
|
Solanki A, Mohanty P, Shukla P, Rao A, Ghosh K, Vundinti BR. FANCA Gene Mutations with 8 Novel Molecular Changes in Indian Fanconi Anemia Patients. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0147016. [PMID: 26799702 PMCID: PMC4723128 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0147016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 12/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Fanconi anemia (FA), a rare heterogeneous genetic disorder, is known to be associated with 19 genes and a spectrum of clinical features. We studied FANCA molecular changes in 34 unrelated and 2 siblings of Indian patients with FA and have identified 26 different molecular changes of FANCA gene, of which 8 were novel mutations (a small deletion c.2500delC, 4 non-sense mutations c.2182C>T, c.2630C>G, c.3677C>G, c.3189G>A; and 3 missense mutations; c.1273G>C, c.3679 G>C, and c.3992 T>C). Among these only 16 patients could be assigned FA-A complementation group, because we could not confirm single exon deletions detected by MLPA or cDNA amplification by secondary confirmation method and due to presence of heterozygous non-pathogenic variations or heterozygous pathogenic mutations. An effective molecular screening strategy should be developed for confirmation of these mutations and determining the breakpoints for single exon deletions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Avani Solanki
- Department of Cytogenetics, National Institute of Immunohaematology (ICMR), Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Purvi Mohanty
- Department of Cytogenetics, National Institute of Immunohaematology (ICMR), Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Pallavi Shukla
- Department of Cytogenetics, National Institute of Immunohaematology (ICMR), Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Anita Rao
- Department of Cytogenetics, National Institute of Immunohaematology (ICMR), Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Kanjaksha Ghosh
- Department of Cytogenetics, National Institute of Immunohaematology (ICMR), Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Babu Rao Vundinti
- Department of Cytogenetics, National Institute of Immunohaematology (ICMR), Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Park J, Kim M, Jang W, Chae H, Kim Y, Chung NG, Lee JW, Cho B, Jeong DC, Park IY, Park MS. Founder haplotype analysis of Fanconi anemia in the Korean population finds common ancestral haplotypes for a FANCG variant. Ann Hum Genet 2015; 79:153-61. [PMID: 25703136 DOI: 10.1111/ahg.12097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2014] [Accepted: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A common ancestral haplotype is strongly suggested in the Korean and Japanese patients with Fanconi anemia (FA), because common mutations have been frequently found: c.2546delC and c.3720_3724delAAACA of FANCA; c.307+1G>C, c.1066C>T, and c.1589_1591delATA of FANCG. Our aim in this study was to investigate the origin of these common mutations of FANCA and FANCG. We genotyped 13 FA patients consisting of five FA-A patients and eight FA-G patients from the Korean FA population. Microsatellite markers used for haplotype analysis included four CA repeat markers which are closely linked with FANCA and eight CA repeat markers which are contiguous with FANCG. As a result, Korean FA-A patients carrying c.2546delC or c.3720_3724delAAACA did not share the same haplotypes. However, three unique haplotypes carrying c.307+1G>C, c.1066C > T, or c.1589_1591delATA, that consisted of eight polymorphic loci covering a flanking region were strongly associated with Korean FA-G, consistent with founder haplotypes reported previously in the Japanese FA-G population. Our finding confirmed the common ancestral haplotypes on the origins of the East Asian FA-G patients, which will improve our understanding of the molecular population genetics of FA-G. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the association between disease-linked mutations and common ancestral haplotypes in the Korean FA population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joonhong Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Catholic Genetic Laboratory Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Genetic Counseling for Fanconi Anemia: Crosslinking Disciplines. J Genet Couns 2014; 23:910-21. [DOI: 10.1007/s10897-014-9754-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2014] [Accepted: 07/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
10
|
De Rocco D, Bottega R, Cappelli E, Cavani S, Criscuolo M, Nicchia E, Corsolini F, Greco C, Borriello A, Svahn J, Pillon M, Mecucci C, Casazza G, Verzegnassi F, Cugno C, Locasciulli A, Farruggia P, Longoni D, Ramenghi U, Barberi W, Tucci F, Perrotta S, Grammatico P, Hanenberg H, Della Ragione F, Dufour C, Savoia A. Molecular analysis of Fanconi anemia: the experience of the Bone Marrow Failure Study Group of the Italian Association of Pediatric Onco-Hematology. Haematologica 2014; 99:1022-31. [PMID: 24584348 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2014.104224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Fanconi anemia is an inherited disease characterized by congenital malformations, pancytopenia, cancer predisposition, and sensitivity to cross-linking agents. The molecular diagnosis of Fanconi anemia is relatively complex for several aspects including genetic heterogeneity with mutations in at least 16 different genes. In this paper, we report the mutations identified in 100 unrelated probands enrolled into the National Network of the Italian Association of Pediatric Hematoly and Oncology. In approximately half of these cases, mutational screening was carried out after retroviral complementation analyses or protein analysis. In the other half, the analysis was performed on the most frequently mutated genes or using a next generation sequencing approach. We identified 108 distinct variants of the FANCA, FANCG, FANCC, FANCD2, and FANCB genes in 85, 9, 3, 2, and 1 families, respectively. Despite the relatively high number of private mutations, 45 of which are novel Fanconi anemia alleles, 26% of the FANCA alleles are due to 5 distinct mutations. Most of the mutations are large genomic deletions and nonsense or frameshift mutations, although we identified a series of missense mutations, whose pathogenetic role was not always certain. The molecular diagnosis of Fanconi anemia is still a tiered procedure that requires identifying candidate genes to avoid useless sequencing. Introduction of next generation sequencing strategies will greatly improve the diagnostic process, allowing a rapid analysis of all the genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Roberta Bottega
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Italy
| | - Enrico Cappelli
- Clinical and Experimental Hematology Unit, G. Gaslini Children's Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | - Simona Cavani
- Human Genetics laboratory, "E.O. Ospedali Galliera", Genoa, Italy
| | - Maria Criscuolo
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Italy
| | - Elena Nicchia
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Italy
| | - Fabio Corsolini
- Clinical and Experimental Hematology Unit, G. Gaslini Children's Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | - Chiara Greco
- Pediatric Onco-Hematology, "Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana", Pisa, Italy
| | - Adriana Borriello
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Italy
| | - Johanna Svahn
- Clinical and Experimental Hematology Unit, G. Gaslini Children's Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | - Marta Pillon
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | | | | | - Federico Verzegnassi
- Pediatric Onco-Hematology, "Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana", Pisa, Italy
| | - Chiara Cugno
- Pediatric Onco-Hematology, "Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo", Pavia, Italy
| | - Anna Locasciulli
- Department of Pediatric and Pediatric Hematology, S.Camillo Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Piero Farruggia
- Pediatric Onco-Hematology, ARNAS Civico Hospital, Palermo, Italy
| | - Daniela Longoni
- Pediatrics Unit, University of Milano-Bicocca, Fondazione MBBM, Ospedale San Gerardo, Monza, Italy
| | - Ugo Ramenghi
- Department of Pediatric and Public Health Sciences, Sapienza Università di Roma, Firenze, Italy
| | - Walter Barberi
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologia Cellulari ed Ematologia, Sapienza Università di Roma, Firenze, Italy
| | - Fabio Tucci
- Pediatric Onco-Hematology, "Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria" Meyer, Firenze, Italy
| | | | - Paola Grammatico
- Department of Molecular Medicine, "La Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy
| | - Helmut Hanenberg
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology & Head/Neck Surgery, Heinrich Heine University School of Medicine, Duesseldorf, Germany Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, The Riley Hospital, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA Department of Medical & Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Fulvio Della Ragione
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Italy
| | - Carlo Dufour
- Clinical and Experimental Hematology Unit, G. Gaslini Children's Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | - Anna Savoia
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Italy Pediatric Onco-Hematology, "Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana", Pisa, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
EARLY AWARENESS AND ALERT SYSTEMS FOR MEDICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN ISRAEL. Int J Technol Assess Health Care 2012; 28:333-8. [DOI: 10.1017/s0266462312000396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Background: Throughout the world, decision makers face the need to plan on the basis of uncertainty. Prospective updates on future trends of medical technology usage are tools to improve national health status. In Israel, this challenge is met by several steps taken to promote insight into the realm of emerging technologies. Israel's unique horizon strategy refers to three time spans: the immediate to short-term (for the coming year) updating the National List of Health Services (NLHS) and quarterly scanning; the medium-term (3 years to a decade) revitalizing hospital devices and infrastructure; and long-term planning (over a decade), such as the “Health Israel 2020 Project”.Methods: A description of the Israeli setup of different time spans and tiers.Results: The matrix of players, loci, interests, population groups, and incentives creates a complex situation and the Ministry of Health has to regulate the different suppliers and tiers of insurance (obligatory, supplementary, and private), balancing need, equity, and cost containment in preparing for future health care. However, preparedness is not a sterile laboratory and is pervaded by numerous dilemmas and the search for adequate evidence for new less mature technologies is an on-going challenge.Conclusion: Bridging the forecasting chasm for the future requires analyzing needs, reinforcing evidence and seeing “around the corner” when synergizing between all the “actors” in the national arena. Expert consultation and international cooperation with similar horizon organizations can assist in paving the way for more successful planning efforts for future medical technology implementation.
Collapse
|
12
|
Litim N, Labrie Y, Desjardins S, Ouellette G, Plourde K, Belleau P, Durocher F. Polymorphic variations in the FANCA gene in high-risk non-BRCA1/2 breast cancer individuals from the French Canadian population. Mol Oncol 2012; 7:85-100. [PMID: 23021409 DOI: 10.1016/j.molonc.2012.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2011] [Revised: 08/17/2012] [Accepted: 08/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The majority of genes associated with breast cancer susceptibility, including BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, are involved in DNA repair mechanisms. Moreover, among the genes recently associated with an increased susceptibility to breast cancer, four are Fanconi Anemia (FA) genes: FANCD1/BRCA2, FANCJ/BACH1/BRIP1, FANCN/PALB2 and FANCO/RAD51C. FANCA is implicated in DNA repair and has been shown to interact directly with BRCA1. It has been proposed that the formation of FANCA/G (dependent upon the phosphorylation of FANCA) and FANCB/L sub-complexes altogether with FANCM, represent the initial step for DNA repair activation and subsequent formation of other sub-complexes leading to ubiquitination of FANCD2 and FANCI. As only approximately 25% of inherited breast cancers are attributable to BRCA1/2 mutations, FANCA therefore becomes an attractive candidate for breast cancer susceptibility. We thus analyzed FANCA gene in 97 high-risk French Canadian non-BRCA1/2 breast cancer individuals by direct sequencing as well as in 95 healthy control individuals from the same population. Among a total of 85 sequence variants found in either or both series, 28 are coding variants and 19 of them are missense variations leading to amino acid change. Three of the amino acid changes, namely Thr561Met, Cys625Ser and particularly Ser1088Phe, which has been previously reported to be associated with FA, are predicted to be damaging by the SIFT and PolyPhen softwares. cDNA amplification revealed significant expression of 4 alternative splicing events (insertion of an intronic portion of intron 10, and the skipping of exons 11, 30 and 31). In silico analyzes of relevant genomic variants have been performed in order to identify potential variations involved in the expression of these spliced transcripts. Sequence variants in FANCA could therefore be potential spoilers of the Fanconi-BRCA pathway and as a result, they could in turn have an impact in non-BRCA1/2 breast cancer families.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nadhir Litim
- Cancer Genomics Laboratory, Division of Endocrinology and Genomics of CHUQ Research Centre and Laval University, Québec G1V 4G2, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Romdhane L, Kefi R, Azaiez H, Ben Halim N, Dellagi K, Abdelhak S. Founder mutations in Tunisia: implications for diagnosis in North Africa and Middle East. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2012; 7:52. [PMID: 22908982 PMCID: PMC3495028 DOI: 10.1186/1750-1172-7-52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2012] [Accepted: 08/02/2012] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Tunisia is a North African country of 10 million inhabitants. The native background population is Berber. However, throughout its history, Tunisia has been the site of invasions and migratory waves of allogenic populations and ethnic groups such as Phoenicians, Romans, Vandals, Arabs, Ottomans and French. Like neighbouring and Middle Eastern countries, the Tunisian population shows a relatively high rate of consanguinity and endogamy that favor expression of recessive genetic disorders at relatively high rates. Many factors could contribute to the recurrence of monogenic morbid trait expression. Among them, founder mutations that arise in one ancestral individual and diffuse through generations in isolated communities. Method We report here on founder mutations in the Tunisian population by a systematic review of all available data from PubMed, other sources of the scientific literature as well as unpublished data from our research laboratory. Results We identified two different classes of founder mutations. The first includes founder mutations so far reported only among Tunisians that are responsible for 30 genetic diseases. The second group represents founder haplotypes described in 51 inherited conditions that occur among Tunisians and are also shared with other North African and Middle Eastern countries. Several heavily disabilitating diseases are caused by recessive founder mutations. They include, among others, neuromuscular diseases such as congenital muscular dystrophy and spastic paraglegia and also severe genodermatoses such as dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa and xeroderma pigmentosa. Conclusion This report provides informations on founder mutations for 73 genetic diseases either specific to Tunisians or shared by other populations. Taking into account the relatively high number and frequency of genetic diseases in the region and the limited resources, screening for these founder mutations should provide a rapid and cost effective tool for molecular diagnosis. Indeed, our report should help designing appropriate measures for carrier screening, better evaluation of diseases burden and setting up of preventive measures at the regional level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lilia Romdhane
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, BP 74, 13 Place Pasteur, Tunis 1002, Tunisia
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
A Dutch Fanconi Anemia FANCC Founder Mutation in Canadian Manitoba Mennonites. Anemia 2012; 2012:865170. [PMID: 22701786 PMCID: PMC3372307 DOI: 10.1155/2012/865170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2012] [Accepted: 03/22/2012] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Fanconi anemia (FA) is a recessive DNA instability disorder associated with developmental abnormalities, bone marrow failure, and a predisposition to cancer. Based on their sensitivity to DNA cross-linking agents, FA cells have been assigned to 15 complementation groups, and the associated genes have been identified. Founder mutations have been found in different FA genes in several populations. The majority of Dutch FA patients belongs to complementation group FA-C. Here, we report 15 patients of Dutch ancestry and a large Canadian Manitoba Mennonite kindred carrying the FANCC c.67delG mutation. Genealogical investigation into the ancestors of the Dutch patients shows that these ancestors lived in four distinct areas in The Netherlands. We also show that the Dutch and Manitoba Mennonite FANCC c.67delG patients share the same haplotype surrounding this mutation, indicating a common founder.
Collapse
|
15
|
Rosenberg PS, Tamary H, Alter BP. How high are carrier frequencies of rare recessive syndromes? Contemporary estimates for Fanconi Anemia in the United States and Israel. Am J Med Genet A 2011; 155A:1877-83. [PMID: 21739583 PMCID: PMC3140593 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.34087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2011] [Accepted: 04/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
For many recessive genetic syndromes, carrier frequencies have been assessed through screening studies in founder populations but remain unclear in heterogeneous populations. One such syndrome is Fanconi Anemia (FA). FA is a model disease in cancer research, yet there are no contemporary data on carrier frequency or prevalence in the general United States (US) population or elsewhere. We inferred carrier frequency from birth incidence using the Hardy-Weinberg law. We estimated prevalence using birth incidence and survival data. We defined "plausible ranges" to incorporate uncertainty about completeness of case ascertainment. We made estimates for the US and Israel using demographic data from the Fanconi Anemia Research Fund and Israeli Fanconi Anemia Registry. In the US, a plausible range for the carrier frequency is 1:156-1:209 [midpoint 1:181]; we estimate that 550-975 persons were living with FA in 2010. For Israel, a plausible range for the carrier frequency is 1:66-1:128 [midpoint 1:93] in line with founder screening studies; we estimate that 40-135 Israelis were living with FA in 2008. The estimated US FA carrier frequency of 1:181 is significantly higher than the historical estimate of 1:300; hence, the gap may be narrower than previously recognized between the US carrier frequency and higher carrier frequencies of around 1:100 in several founder groups including Ashkenazi Jews. Assessment of cancer risks in heterozygous carriers merits further study. Clinical trials in FA will require co-ordination and innovative design because the number of living US patients is probably less than 1,000.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philip S Rosenberg
- Biostatistics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Rockville, Maryland, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Akbari MR, Malekzadeh R, Lepage P, Roquis D, Sadjadi AR, Aghcheli K, Yazdanbod A, Shakeri R, Bashiri J, Sotoudeh M, Pourshams A, Ghadirian P, Narod SA. Mutations in Fanconi anemia genes and the risk of esophageal cancer. Hum Genet 2011; 129:573-82. [DOI: 10.1007/s00439-011-0951-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2010] [Accepted: 01/17/2011] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
|
17
|
Validation of Fanconi anemia complementation Group A assignment using molecular analysis. Genet Med 2009; 11:183-92. [PMID: 19367192 DOI: 10.1097/gim.0b013e318193ba67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Fanconi anemia is a genetically heterogeneous chromosomal breakage disorder exhibiting a high degree of clinical variability. Clinical diagnoses are confirmed by testing patient cells for increased sensitivity to crosslinking agents. Fanconi anemia complementation group assignment, essential for efficient molecular diagnosis of the disease, had not been validated for clinical application before this study. The purpose of this study was (1) confirmation of the accuracy of Fanconi anemia complementation group assignment to Group A (FANCA) and (2) development of a rapid mutation detection strategy that ensures the efficient capture of all FANCA mutations. METHODS Using fibroblasts from 29 patients, diagnosis of Fanconi anemia and assignment to complementation Group A was made through breakage analysis studies. FANCA coding and flanking sequences were analyzed using denaturing high pressure liquid chromatography, sequencing, and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification. Patients in which two mutations were not identified were analyzed by cDNA sequencing. Patients with no mutations were sequenced for mutations in FANCC, G, E, and F. RESULTS Of the 56 putative mutant alleles studied, 89% had an identifiable FANCA pathogenic mutation. Eight unique novel mutations were identified. CONCLUSION Complementation assignment to Group A was validated in a clinical laboratory setting using our FANCA rapid molecular testing strategy.
Collapse
|
18
|
Pollard JM, Gatti RA. Clinical radiation sensitivity with DNA repair disorders: an overview. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2009; 74:1323-31. [PMID: 19616740 PMCID: PMC2725446 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2009.02.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2008] [Revised: 02/16/2009] [Accepted: 02/17/2009] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Adverse reactions to radiotherapy represent a confounding phenomenon in radiation oncology. These reactions are rare, and many have been associated with individuals with DNA repair disorders such as ataxia-telangiectasia and Nijmegen Breakage syndrome. A paucity of published data is available detailing such circumstances. This overview describes four exemplary situations, a comprehensive list of 32 additional cases, and some insights gleaned from this overall experience. Fanconi anemia was associated with more than one-half of the reports. The lowest dose given to a patient that resulted in a reaction was 3 Gy, given to an ataxia-telangiectasia patient. Most patients died within months of exposure. It is clear that the patients discussed in this report had complicated illnesses, in addition to cancer, and the radiotherapy administered was most likely their best option. However, the underlying DNA repair defects make conventional radiation doses dangerous. Our findings support previous wisdom that radiotherapy should either be avoided or the doses should be selected with great care in the case of these radiosensitive genotypes, which must be recognized by their characteristic phenotypes, until more rapid, reliable, and functional assays of DNA repair become available.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julianne M Pollard
- Department of Radiation Physics, University of Texas M D Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Suriu C, Khayat M, Weiler M, Kfir N, Cohen C, Zinger A, Aslanidis C, Schmitz G, Falik-Zaccai TC. Skoura - a genetic island for congenital insensitivity to pain and anhidrosis among Moroccan Jews, as determined by a novel mutation in the NTRK1 gene. Clin Genet 2009; 75:230-6. [PMID: 19250380 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2008.01143.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Congenital insensitivity to pain with anhidrosis (CIPA) or hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type IV is a rare, autosomal recessive neurologic disorder, characterized by absence of reaction to painful stimuli, mental retardation, self- mutilating behavior, anhidrosis, and recurrent episodes of hyperthermia. Mutations in the neurotrophic tyrosine kinase receptor 1, a receptor phosphorylated by nerve growth factor, have been documented in diverse ethnic groups. We identified the same novel nonsense mutation in two unrelated families of Moroccan Jewish descent, each with two affected siblings. This possible founder mutation may trace to the rural Jewish village in southern Morocco from where both these families originated. Genetic screening for the causative mutation among 300 unrelated Moroccan Jews did not reveal carriers for the causative mutation, thus excluding high risk for CIPA in this ethnic subpopulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Suriu
- Institute of Human Genetics, Western Galilee Hospital-Nahariya, Israel
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Abstract
The Mediterranean area represents the area of land that borders the Mediterranean basin. It is composed of several countries that share many geographic and racial characteristics. Although Mediterraneans seem to share common skin type and are subjected to similar enviromental factors, they still represent a genetic and socioeconomic diversity. True prevalence of pigmentary disorders in this area depends on large epidemiologic studies, including countries that are not available. This article, however, highlights and classifies the most important developmental (heritable-genetic) and acquired pigmentary disorders seen and reported in this important area of the world.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Medhat A El-Mofty
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Harlap S, Davies AM, Deutsch L, Calderon-Margalit R, Manor O, Paltiel O, Tiram E, Yanetz R, Perrin MC, Terry MB, Malaspina D, Friedlander Y. The Jerusalem Perinatal Study cohort, 1964-2005: methods and a review of the main results. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol 2007; 21:256-73. [PMID: 17439536 PMCID: PMC2993014 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3016.2007.00799.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The Jerusalem Perinatal Study recorded information on population-based cohorts of 92 408 live- and stillbirths in 1964-76, and their parents, with active surveillance of infant deaths and birth defects. Data on maternal conditions, obstetric complications and interventions during labour and delivery were recorded for 92% of the births. Subsets were surveyed with antenatal interviews in 1965-68 (n = 11 467), paediatric admissions to hospital (n = 17 782) and postpartum interviews in 1975-76 (n = 16 912). Data from some offspring were linked to records of a health examination at age 17. The offspring, mothers and fathers have been traced recently, their vital status assessed, and the data linked to Israel's Cancer Registry and Psychiatric Registry. This paper describes the different types of data available, their sources, and some potential biases. Characteristics of this unique population are shown. Findings from the study are reviewed and a list of references is provided. The cohorts provide a unique source of data for a wide variety of studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susan Harlap
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, New York 10032, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Abstract
Prompt and accurate diagnosis is required for optimal treatment and genetic counseling of patients with inherited bone marrow failure syndromes (IBMFS). However, the diverse clinical picture of these syndromes and their rareness is often associated with diagnostic difficulties. Recently, an improved diagnostic approach is possible by the cloning of many of the causative genes. Fanconi anemia (FA) patients belong to at least 12 complementation groups, of which 11 genes have been cloned. An approach combining an induced chromosomal breakage test, detection of FANCD2-L by Western blot analysis, complementation group analysis, and detailed mutation analysis enables unraveling the causative mutation in the majority of patients. With the use of such strategies, genotype/phenotype correlations in FA are evolving. In dyskeratosis congenita mutations in DCK1, TERC, and TERT genes have been identified, but mutations have been found in less than half of these patients. In patients with Shwachman-Diamond syndrome, mutations in the SBDS gene were found in approximately 90% of patients. In Diamond-Blackfan anemia the RSP19 gene is mutated in 20-25% of patients. Heterozygote ELA2 mutations are found in 60-80% of severe congenital neutropenia patients. All patients with congenital amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia have mutations in the thrombopoietin receptor gene c-Mpl.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Tamary
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Kedar-Barnes I, Rozen P. The Jewish people: their ethnic history, genetic disorders and specific cancer susceptibility. Fam Cancer 2005; 3:193-9. [PMID: 15516841 DOI: 10.1007/s10689-004-9544-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The Jews are an ancient and unique group of people linked by language, religion and customs in spite of their major geographical shifts, expulsions, forced conversions and massacres throughout their entire history. As a result of these historical events that led to repeated migration, the Jewish people became dispersed into various ethnic sub-groups. Between these ethnic groups exists heterogeneity, as well as some similarities, to the populations amongst whom they lived. Rare genetic diseases have been reported to be prevalent among the different groups of Jews, which for the most part can be explained by random genetic drift together with intra-familial marriages. In this publication, we will briefly discuss the origin of the various ethnic groups and some of the genetic diseases commonly found in them, with emphasis on the Ashkenazim, their prevalent genetic diseases and cancer susceptibility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inbal Kedar-Barnes
- Department of Medical Genetics, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Campus, Petach Tikva, Israel.
| | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Tamary H, Dgany O, Toledano H, Shalev Z, Krasnov T, Shalmon L, Schechter T, Bercovich D, Attias D, Laor R, Koren A, Yaniv I. Molecular characterization of three novel Fanconi anemia mutations in Israeli Arabs. Eur J Haematol 2004; 72:330-5. [PMID: 15059067 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0609.2004.00240.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In a previous study, we investigated the molecular basis of Fanconi anemia (FA) in 13 unrelated Israeli Jewish FA patients and identified four ethnicity specific mutations. In the present study we extended our study to Israeli Arab patients. METHODS We studied three consanguineous families with nine FA patients and an additional unrelated patient. DNA single-strand conformation polymorphism of each exon of the FANCA and FANCG genes was followed by sequence analysis of the aberrantly migrating fragments and by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis of the splice-site mutations identified. RESULTS Three unique disease-causing mutations were identified: (i) FANCA gross deletion of exons 6-31; (ii) FANCA splice-site mutation IVS 42-2A>C; (iii) FANCG splice-site mutation IVS4+3A>G. Sequence analysis of the FANCA gross deletion revealed recombination between two highly homologous Alu elements. cDNA analysis of the two splice mutations suggested intron 42 retention in FANCA IVS 42-2A>C and exon 4 skipping in FANCG IVS4+3A>G. The clinical condition of eight patients with FANCA mutations was severe. CONCLUSIONS Two unique FANCA mutations and one FANCG mutation were identified in Israeli Arab FA patients. Deletion of FANCA exon 6-31 as in previously described gross deletions was within introns rich in Alu repeats. To the best of our knowledge, the FANCA IVS 42-2A>C mutation is the first in this gene to result in intron retention. Further analysis of FA mutations will enable prenatal diagnosis and a rational therapeutic approach including frequent monitoring and early bone marrow transplantation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Tamary
- Pediatric Hematology Laboratory, Felsenstein Research Center, Beilinson Campus, Petah Tiqva, Israel.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Bouchlaka C, Abdelhak S, Amouri A, Ben Abid H, Hadiji S, Frikha M, Ben Othman T, Amri F, Ayadi H, Hachicha M, Rebaï A, Saad A, Dellagi K. Fanconi anemia in Tunisia: high prevalence of group A and identification of new FANCA mutations. J Hum Genet 2003; 48:352-61. [PMID: 12827451 DOI: 10.1007/s10038-003-0037-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2003] [Accepted: 04/19/2003] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Fanconi anemia (FA) is a rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by progressive pancytopenia, congenital malformations, and predisposition to acute myeloid leukemia. Fanconi anemia is genetically heterogeneous, with at least eight distinct complementation groups of FA (A, B, C, D1, D2, E, F, and G) having been defined by somatic cell fusion studies. Six genes (FANCA, FANCC, FANCD2, FANCE, FANCG, and FANCF) have been cloned. Mutations of the seventh Fanconi anemia gene, BRCA2, have been shown to lead to FAD1 and probably FAB groups. In order to characterize the molecular defects underlying FA in Tunisia, 39 families were genotyped with microsatellite markers linked to known FA gene. Haplotype analysis and homozygosity mapping assigned 43 patients belonging to 34 families to the FAA group, whereas one family was probably not linked to the FANCA gene or to any known FA genes. For patients belonging to the FAA group, screening for mutations revealed four novel mutations: two small homozygous deletions 1693delT and 1751-1754del, which occurred in exon 17 and exon 19, respectively, and two transitions, viz., 513G-->A in exon 5 and A-->G at position 166 (IVS24+166A-->G) of intron 24. Two new polymorphisms were also identified in intron 24 (IVS24-5G/A and IVS24-6C/G).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiraz Bouchlaka
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Vaccinologie et Génétique Moléculaire, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, BP 74, 13 Place Pasteur, 1002 Tunis Belvédère, Tunisia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Tamary H, Yaniv I, Stein J, Dgany O, Shalev Z, Shechter T, Resnitzky P, Shaft D, Zoldan M, Kornreich L, Levy R, Cohen A, Moser RA, Kapelushnik J, Shalev H. A clinical and molecular study of a Bedouin family with dysmegakaryopoiesis, mild anemia, and neutropenia cured by bone marrow transplantation. Eur J Haematol 2003; 71:196-203. [PMID: 12930321 DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0609.2003.00126.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Familial thrombocytopenia is a relatively rare and heterogeneous group of clinical and genetic syndromes of unknown etiology. Recently, mutations in a few hematopoietic transcription factors were implicated in dysmegakaryopoiesis with and without dyserythropoietic anemia. The aim of the present study was to describe the clinical and hematologic picture of members of a Bedouin family with severe congenital thrombocytopenia associated with neutropenia and anemia and to determine the possible involvement of hematopoietic transcription factor genes in their disease. PATIENTS AND METHODS Four members of a Bedouin family presented with severe bleeding tendency, including intracranial hemorrhage in three. Three of the four were successfully treated with allogenic human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched bone marrow transplants. Measurements of serum erythropoietin and thrombopoietin levels, bone marrow electron microscopy, and megakaryocytic colony were grown for each patient in addition to DNA amplification and single-strand conformation polymorphism of each exon of the NF-E2, Fli-1, FOG-1, and Gfi-1b in genes. RESULTS Bone marrow studies revealed dysmegakaryopoiesis and mild dyserythropoiesis. A low number of bone marrow megakaryocyte colony-forming units was found, as well as a slightly elevated serum thrombopoietin level. No mutation was identified in any of the transcription factor genes examined. CONCLUSIONS A unique autosomal recessive bone marrow disorder with prominent involvement of megakaryocytes is described. Defects were not identified in transcription factors affecting the common myeloid progenitor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Tamary
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Center and Imaging Department, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petah Tiqva, Israel.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fanconi anemia (FA) is an autosomal recessive disease associated with an abnormal response to DNA damage. Although FA is well known for the association of aplastic anemia and characteristic birth defects, leukemia and solid tumors also occur at a high rate in this group of patients. A review of all reported cases is informative with regard to the specific types of cancer, the ages at which they occur, and the cumulative probability of their development. METHODS Medline and bibliographies of publications were searched for articles containing "Fanconi's anemia" or "aplastic anemia" and all cases of FA from 1927 through 2001 were included in the database. Cancer cases were identified within these reports. Descriptive statistical analyses were performed using Stata7 software. RESULTS One thousand three hundred cases of FA were identified. Nine percent had leukemia (primarily acute myeloid leukemia), 7% had myelodysplastic syndrome, 5% had solid tumors, and 3% had liver tumors. Patients with cancer were older than the cancer-free patients at the time of diagnosis of FA. The median age for cancer (including leukemia) was 16, compared with 68 in the general population. The most frequent solid tumors were aerodigestive and gynecological carcinomas. In approximately 25% of patients with cancer, the malignancy preceded the diagnosis of FA. CONCLUSIONS If the competing risks of aplastic anemia and leukemia could be removed, the estimated cumulative probability of development of a solid tumor in FA patients is 76% by the age of 45 years. Carcinogenic pathways and cancer prevention, surveillance, and treatment can be studied to advantage in this genetic model of human cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Blanche P Alter
- Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-7231, USA.
| |
Collapse
|