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Okay M, Haznedaroglu IC. Protein Kinases in Hematological Disorders. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1275:383-393. [PMID: 33539024 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-49844-3_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cell signaling is an important part of the complex system of molecular communication that governs basic cellular activities and coordinates cell cycle machinery. Pathological alterations in the cellular information processing may be responsible for the diseases such as cancer. Numerous diseases may be treated effectively via the pharmacological management of cellular signaling. Protein kinases (PK) have significantly important roles in the cell signal transduction process. Protein kinases phosphorylate serine, threonine, tyrosine and histidine amino acids in a wide variety of molecular networks. Two main PK groups are distinguished; serine/threonine kinase and tyrosine kinases. MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinases), ERK, EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor), src, abl, FAK (focal adesion kinase), and JAK (janus family kinase) are considered as the main PK molecular networks. Protein kinases are closely related to the pathobiology of hematologic neoplastic disorders. For instance; JAKV617F point mutation-causing polycythemia vera and essential thrombocytosis occur at the position 617 in the JH2 domain of the JAK2 gene. The protein kinase inhibitor drugs targeting specific kinase molecules have already been developed and widely used in the field of Clinical Hematology. The existence of a local renin-angiotensin system (RAS) specific to the hematopoietic bone marrow (BM) microenvironment had been proposed two decades ago. Local BM RAS is important in hematopoietic stem cell biology and microenvironment. There are interactions among the local BM RAS and PK. For example, ACE2-ang(1-7)-Mas axis inhibits p38 MAPK/NF-КB signaling pathway. The Local BM RAS may have a role in the effect on PK in this biological spectrum. The aim of this review is to outline the functions of PKs in the pathobiology of hematologic neoplastic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mufide Okay
- Hacettepe University, Medical School, Department of Hematology, Ankara, Turkey
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2
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Chrobák L, Voglová J. Imatinib Mesylate (STI 571) – A New Oral Target Therapy For Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML). ACTA MEDICA (HRADEC KRÁLOVÉ) 2019. [DOI: 10.14712/18059694.2019.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The publication provides an up-to-date review of the significance of cytogenetic abnormalities in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) and the development of a promising agent with specific molecular target against tyrosine kinase, product of the BCR-ABL fusion gene, namely imatinib mesylate (STI 571, Glivec). The publication summarizes the achieved results with this compound in the chronic phase CML (in patients resistant to interferon and in newly diagnosed patients) further in patients in the accelerated phase and in blast crisis and in patients in relapse after allogeneic stem cells transplantations for CML. The results in Ph+ acute lymphoblastic leukemia are also presented. The mechanisms of resistance to imatinib mesylate and the possibilities how to overcome or circumvent it are mentioned (escalation of the dosage, combination of imatinib with some other treatment modalities as immunotherapy, interferon or convention chemotherapy and development of new drugs).
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Abruzzese E, Trawinska MM, de Fabritiis P, Baccarani M. Management of pregnant chronic myeloid leukemia patients. Expert Rev Hematol 2016; 9:781-91. [PMID: 27352939 DOI: 10.1080/17474086.2016.1205479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Since the introduction of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) therapy, chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), has moved from a fatal illness to a manageable disease with a possible normal lifespan. For this reason is more and more frequent that younger patients address the possibility to conceive, if men, or get pregnant, if women. Knowledge of safety and risks concerning both patient and progeny, as well as important cultural, ethical and psychosocial issues must be taken into consideration. AREAS COVERED Data published and informations acquired in terms of fertility, conception, pregnancy, pregnancy outcome and illness control for all the approved TKIs will be reviewed, as well as suggest how to manage a planned and/or unplanned pregnancy/conception. Literature search methodology included examination of PubMed index, meeting presentations, and updated Investigator's brochures and data files of TKIs companies. Expert commentary: Male patients trying to conceive apparently have no limitation in the use of TKIs, while effective contraception should be encouraged in all female patients due to the risk of fetal complications after drug exposure. In a female patient pregnancy should be planned and TKI therapy discontinued, while individual risks need to be considered when an unplanned pregnancy occurs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Paolo de Fabritiis
- a Hematology, S. Eugenio Hospital , Tor Vergata University , Rome , Italy
| | - Michele Baccarani
- b Department of Hematology & Oncology 'L. and A. Seràgnoli' , S.Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital , Bologna , Italy
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Abruzzese E, Trawinska MM, Perrotti AP, De Fabritiis P. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors and pregnancy. Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis 2014; 6:e2014028. [PMID: 24804001 PMCID: PMC4010610 DOI: 10.4084/mjhid.2014.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The management of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) during pregnancy has become recently a matter of continuous debate. The introduction of the Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKIs) in clinical practice has dramatically changed the prognosis of CML patients; in fact, patients diagnosed in chronic phase can reasonably expect many years of excellent disease control and good quality of life, as well as a normal life expectancy, including the necessity to address issues relating to fertility and pregnancy. Physicians are frequently being asked for advice regarding the need for, and/or the appropriateness of, stopping treatment in order to conceive. In this report, we will review the data published in terms of fertility, conception, pregnancy, pregnancy outcome and illness control for TKI treated CML patients, as well as how to manage a planned and/or unplanned pregnancy.
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Cleavage of BCR–ABL transcripts at the T315I point mutation by DNAzyme promotes apoptotic cell death in imatinib-resistant BCR–ABL leukemic cells. Leukemia 2013; 27:1650-8. [DOI: 10.1038/leu.2013.60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2012] [Revised: 02/19/2013] [Accepted: 02/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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6
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Park K, Jung W, Choi BR, Park HK, Kim DE. Detection of Single Base Mutation Causing Drug-resistance in Leukemia Gene by PNA-directed Clamping PCR. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2010. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2010.31.7.2077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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7
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Isobe Y, Sugimoto K, Masuda A, Hamano Y, Oshimi K. Central nervous system is a sanctuary site for chronic myelogenous leukaemia treated with imatinib mesylate. Intern Med J 2010; 39:408-11. [PMID: 19580620 DOI: 10.1111/j.1445-5994.2009.01947.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Imatinib mesylate (IM) is currently used as the first therapeutic choice against chronic myelogenous leukaemia (CML). Because IM poorly penetrates the blood-brain barrier, IM-treated CML patients may have a potential risk of central nervous system (CNS) involvement. Here we report a case with lymphoid blast crisis isolated only in CNS after bacterial meningitis, although the patient achieved and maintained complete cytogenetic response by IM therapy. It is important to consider isolated CNS blast crisis as a possible event in IM-treated CML patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Isobe
- Department of Hematology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
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8
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Abruzzese E, Gozzetti A, Galimberti S, Trawinska MM, Caravita T, Siniscalchi A, Cervetti G, Mauriello A, Coletta AM, De Fabritiis P. Characterization of Ph-negative abnormal clones emerging during imatinib therapy. Cancer 2007; 109:2466-72. [PMID: 17503437 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.22699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Imatinib is a tyrosine kinase-specific inhibitor widely used for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Studies reported the occurrence of additional cytogenetic abnormalities in the Philadelphia chromosome (Ph)-negative cell population emerging after treatment-induced suppression of the Ph-positive clone. These abnormalities were described in a relatively high proportion of patients treated with imatinib compared with the anecdotal reports of similar cases in patients treated with other drugs. However, the origin of these abnormalities as well as their biological and clinical significance are unknown. METHODS The study involved 13 cases of patients diagnosed with CML carrying cytogenetic abnormalities in their Ph-negative cell population after imatinib treatment. The presence of the markers within the CD34+ stem cell compartment and the cell culture growth were analyzed and patients were followed over time. RESULTS CD34+ cells express the cytogenetic markers present in Ph- cells, suggesting a possible involvement of the stem cell population. Cultured cells showed normal growth in all but 1 patient. No growth advantage was demonstrated for the Ph-negative or the Ph-positive clone after cell culture. CONCLUSIONS After follow-up of up to 49 months, none of the patients had evolved to myelodysplasia or acute leukemia. Hypothesis regarding the biological and clinical significance of these abnormalities are formulated.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
- Benzamides
- Cell Separation
- Cells, Cultured
- Chromosome Aberrations
- Female
- Humans
- Imatinib Mesylate
- In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
- Karyotyping
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Chronic, Atypical, BCR-ABL Negative/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Chronic, Atypical, BCR-ABL Negative/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Chronic, Atypical, BCR-ABL Negative/pathology
- Male
- Metaphase
- Middle Aged
- Piperazines/therapeutic use
- Prognosis
- Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors
- Pyrimidines/therapeutic use
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Abstract
Reciprocal chromosomal translocations may arise as a result of unfaithful repair of spontaneous DNA double-strand breaks, most probably induced by oxidative stress, radiation, genotoxic chemicals and/or replication stress. Genes encoding tyrosine kinases are targeted by these mechanisms resulting in the generation of chimera genes encoding fusion tyrosine kinases (FTKs). FTKs display transforming activity owing to their constitutive kinase activity causing deregulated proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation and adhesion. Moreover, FTKs are able to facilitate DNA repair, prolong activation of G(2)/M and S cell cycle checkpoints, and elevate expression of antiapoptotic protein Bcl-X(L), making malignant cells less responsive to antitumor treatment. FTKs may also stimulate the generation of reactive oxygen species and enhance spontaneous DNA damage in tumor cells. Unfortunately, FTKs compromise the fidelity of DNA repair mechanisms, which contribute to the accumulation of additional genetic abnormalities leading to the resistance to inhibitors such as imatinib mesylate and malignant progression of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- E T P Penserga
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.
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Karbasian Esfahani M, Morris EL, Dutcher JP, Wiernik PH. Blastic phase of chronic myelogenous leukemia. Curr Treat Options Oncol 2006; 7:189-99. [PMID: 16615875 DOI: 10.1007/s11864-006-0012-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), also known as chronic myelocytic or chronic myeloid leukemia, is a clonal disorder of hematopoiesis that arises in a hematopoietic stem cell or early progenitor cell. This is characterized by the dysregulated production of mature nonlymphoid cells with normal differentiation. Eventually, in spite of the term chronic, there is progression to acute leukemia, usually of the myeloid variety, which is highly resistant to current therapies. Despite recent improvements in the treatment of early-stage disease, CML blast crisis (CMLBC) remains a therapeutic challenge. CMLBC is highly refractory to standard induction chemotherapy, with a response rate in myeloid blast crisis of less than 30%. Conventional chemotherapy has been much less successful in this disease compared with de novo acute leukemia, with a mean survival after diagnosis of blast crisis of only 2 to 4 months for nonresponders. Many regimens of chemotherapies have been tried in CMLBC, with minor success. Although imatinib was evaluated in patients with CMLBC, most CMLBC cases today arise in patients already on imatinib-based therapy and developing blastic phase on that therapy; thus there is no standard therapy for patients with CMLBC. Further studies of the mechanisms of transformation of chronic-phase CMLBC at a molecular level, and methods to target these molecular abnormalities, will determine the future direction of new treatment modalities. The prognosis of CML in blast crisis remains disappointing, despite great efforts. Currently, the most successful strategy for improving survival in CML is by prolonging the chronic phase and delaying the onset of blast crisis.
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Abstract
Cancer chemotherapy has been one of the major medical advances in the last few decades. However, the drugs used for this therapy have a narrow therapeutic index, and often the responses produced are only just palliative as well as unpredictable. In contrast, targeted therapy that has been introduced in recent years is directed against cancer-specific molecules and signaling pathways and thus has more limited nonspecific toxicities. Tyrosine kinases are an especially important target because they play an important role in the modulation of growth factor signaling. This review focuses on small molecule inhibitors of tyrosine kinase. They compete with the ATP binding site of the catalytic domain of several oncogenic tyrosine kinases. They are orally active, small molecules that have a favorable safety profile and can be easily combined with other forms of chemotherapy or radiation therapy. Several tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have been found to have effective antitumor activity and have been approved or are in clinical trials. The inhibitors discussed in this manuscript are imatinib mesylate (STI571; Gleevec), gefitinib (Iressa), erlotinib (OSI-1774; Tarceva), lapatinib (GW-572016), canertinib (CI-1033), semaxinib (SU5416), vatalanib (PTK787/ZK222584), sorafenib (BAY 43-9006), sutent (SU11248), and leflunomide (SU101). TKIs are thus an important new class of targeted therapy that interfere with specific cell signaling pathways and thus allow target-specific therapy for selected malignancies. The pharmacological properties and anticancer activities of these inhibitors are discussed in this review. Use of these targeted therapies is not without limitations such as the development of resistance and the lack of tumor response in the general population. The availability of newer inhibitors and improved patient selection will help overcome these problems in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Arora
- University of Nebraska College of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, 985800 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5800, USA
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12
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Illmer T, Schaich M, Platzbecker U, Freiberg-Richter J, Oelschlägel U, von Bonin M, Pursche S, Bergemann T, Ehninger G, Schleyer E. P-glycoprotein-mediated drug efflux is a resistance mechanism of chronic myelogenous leukemia cells to treatment with imatinib mesylate. Leukemia 2004; 18:401-8. [PMID: 14724652 DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2403257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 242] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Imatinib (Glivec), STI571) is an intracellular acting drug that demonstrates high activity against BCR-ABL-positive chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) or acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). However, many patients, especially with advanced disease, develop drug resistance. Here, we show by a novel high-performance liquid chromatography-based method that intracellular levels of imatinib decrease in P-glycoprotein (Pgp)-positive leukemic cells. In a model of K562 cells with gradually increasing Pgp expression, a Pgp-dependent decline of intracellular imatinib levels was observed. Decreased imatinib levels were associated with a retained phosphorylation pattern of the Bcr-Abl target Crkl and loss of effect of imatinib on cellular proliferation and apoptosis. The modulation of Pgp by cyclosporin A (CSA) readily restored imatinib cytotoxicity in these cells. Finally, we provide first data showing a biological effect of Pgp modulation in the imatinib treatment of a patient with BCR-ABL-positive ALL. MDR1 overexpression must therefore be considered as an important clinical mechanism in the diversity of resistance development to imatinib treatment.
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MESH Headings
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/physiology
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing
- Antineoplastic Agents/metabolism
- Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Benzamides
- Cell Division/drug effects
- Cyclosporine/pharmacology
- Drug Resistance, Multiple
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
- Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/antagonists & inhibitors
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/physiology
- Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic
- Humans
- Imatinib Mesylate
- Immunosuppressive Agents/pharmacology
- K562 Cells/drug effects
- K562 Cells/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/pathology
- Nuclear Proteins/metabolism
- Piperazines/metabolism
- Piperazines/therapeutic use
- Pyrimidines/metabolism
- Pyrimidines/therapeutic use
- Rhodamines/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- T Illmer
- Medical Clinic and Policlinic I, University Hospital of the Technical University, Dresden, Germany.
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Gabriele L, Borghi P, Rozera C, Sestili P, Andreotti M, Guarini A, Montefusco E, Foà R, Belardelli F. IFN-α promotes the rapid differentiation of monocytes from patients with chronic myeloid leukemia into activated dendritic cells tuned to undergo full maturation after LPS treatment. Blood 2004; 103:980-7. [PMID: 14525781 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2003-03-0981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractChronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is a malignant myeloproliferative disease arising from the clonal expansion of a stem cell expressing the bcr/abl oncogene. CML patients frequently respond to treatment with interferon-α (IFN-α), even though the mechanisms of the response remain unclear. In the present study, we evaluated the role of IFN-α in differentiation and activity of monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs) from CML patients as well as in modulation of the cell response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Treatment of CML monocytes with IFN-α and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) resulted in the rapid generation of activated DCs (CML-IFN-DCs) expressing interleukin-15 (IL-15) and the antiapoptotic bcl-2 gene. These cells were fully competent to induce IFN-γ production by cocultured autologous T lymphocytes and expansion of CD8+ T cells. LPS treatment of CML-IFN-DCs, but not of immature DCs generated in the presence of IL-4/GM-CSF, induced the generation of CD8+ T cells reactive against autologous leukemic CD34+ cells. Altogether, these results suggest that (1) the generation of highly active monocyte-derived DCs could be important for the induction of an antitumor response in IFN-treated CML patients and (2) IFN-α can represent a valuable cytokine for the rapid generation of active monocyte-derived DCs to be utilized for vaccination strategies of CML patients. (Blood. 2004;103:980-987)
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Base Sequence
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Cell Differentiation/drug effects
- Chemokine CXCL10
- Chemokines, CXC/genetics
- Coculture Techniques
- Dendritic Cells/drug effects
- Dendritic Cells/immunology
- Dendritic Cells/pathology
- Female
- Gene Expression/drug effects
- Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor/pharmacology
- Humans
- Interferon Type I/pharmacology
- Interferon-gamma/biosynthesis
- Interleukin-15/genetics
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/immunology
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/pathology
- Lipopolysaccharides/pharmacology
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Monocytes/drug effects
- Monocytes/immunology
- Monocytes/pathology
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Recombinant Proteins
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Gabriele
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Laboratory of Virology, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
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Kreuzer KA, Klühs C, Baskaynak G, Movassaghi K, Dörken B, le Coutre P. Filgrastim-induced stem cell mobilization in chronic myeloid leukaemia patients during imatinib therapy: safety, feasibility and evidence for an efficient in vivo
purging. Br J Haematol 2003; 124:195-9. [PMID: 14687030 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2141.2003.04756.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Therapy with imatinib mesylate is limited by cellular resistance in chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML). Further, the limited availability of matching stem cell donors or an unfavourable risk profile for allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT) reduces the number of therapeutic options in a number of patients. To assess the possibility of stem cell mobilization (SCM) during imatinib therapy we performed granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (filgrastim)-induced SCM and subsequent aphaeresis in 15 chronic phase and three accelerated phase CML patients. Aphaeresis was successful in 13 patients (72%) (> or =2.0 x 10(6) CD34+ cells/kg body weight) and five (28%) harvests could be obtained, which were negative for BCR/ABL mRNA as assessed by nested-reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). All harvests, except one, were negative after first round RT-PCR, implicating a low level of CML cell contamination. There was no significant change in peripheral BCR/ABL transcript load after SCM as assessed by quantitative real-time RT-PCR. Fifteen patients remained stable in complete cytogenetic remission (CCR) during a median observation period of 9.3 months. One patient achieved a molecular remission shortly after SCM. Another patient who exhibited rising BCR/ABL mRNA levels before SCM achieved CCR after autologous SCT with the generated harvest. One patient with a Philadelphia chromosome-negative, BCR/ABL-positive CML showed a cytogenetic relapse 6 months after SCM. We conclude that filgrastim-induced CD34+ cell aphaeresis under simultaneous imatinib medication is safe and feasible in CML patients. Additionally, we found evidence that this procedure could generate stem cell harvests that exhibit non-detectable levels of BCR/ABL mRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl-Anton Kreuzer
- Medizinische Klinik m.S. Hämatologie und Onkologie, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Universitätsklinikum Charité, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
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Tamura T, Kong HJ, Tunyaplin C, Tsujimura H, Calame K, Ozato K. ICSBP/IRF-8 inhibits mitogenic activity of p210 Bcr/Abl in differentiating myeloid progenitor cells. Blood 2003; 102:4547-54. [PMID: 12933588 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2003-01-0291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Interferon consensus sequence binding protein/interferon regulatory factor 8 (ICSBP/IRF-8) is a transcription factor that controls myeloid cell development. ICSBP-/- mice develop a chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML)-like syndrome. Several observations on patients and mouse models have implicated ICSBP in the pathogenesis of CML. In this paper, we investigated whether ICSBP modulates the growth-promoting activity of Bcr/Abl, the causal oncoprotein for CML. When transformed with p210 Bcr/Abl, ICSBP-/- myeloid progenitor cells lost growth factor dependence and grew in the absence of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. When ICSBP was ectopically expressed, Bcr/Abl-transformed cells underwent complete growth arrest and differentiated into mature, functional macrophages without inhibiting the kinase activity of Bcr/Abl. Providing a mechanistic basis for the growth arrest, ICSBP markedly repressed c-Myc messenger RNA (mRNA)-expression, a downstream target of Bcr/Abl. A further analysis with the ICSBP/estrogen receptor chimera showed that ICSBP repression of c-Myc is indirect and is mediated by another gene(s). We identified Blimp-1 and METS/PE1, potent c-Myc repressors, as direct targets of ICSBP activated in these cells. Consistent with this, ectopic Blimp-1 repressed c-Myc expression and inhibited cell growth. These results indicate that ICSBP inhibits growth of Bcr/Abl-transformed myeloid progenitor cells by activating several genes that interfere with the c-Myc pathway.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Benzamides
- Cell Differentiation/drug effects
- Cell Division
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic
- Cells, Cultured/cytology
- Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Estradiol/pharmacology
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/antagonists & inhibitors
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Genes, myc
- Imatinib Mesylate
- Interferon Regulatory Factors
- Macrophages/cytology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Myeloid Cells/cytology
- Myeloid Cells/drug effects
- Piperazines/pharmacology
- Positive Regulatory Domain I-Binding Factor 1
- Pyrimidines/pharmacology
- RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Estrogen/drug effects
- Receptors, Estrogen/genetics
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/physiology
- Repressor Proteins/biosynthesis
- Repressor Proteins/genetics
- Repressor Proteins/physiology
- Transcription Factors/biosynthesis
- Transcription Factors/genetics
- Transcription, Genetic
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiko Tamura
- Bldg 6, Rm 2A01, Laboratory of Molecular Growth Regulation, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, 6 Center Dr MSC 2753, Bethesda, MD 20892-2753, USA
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16
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Abruzzese E, Cantonetti M, Morino L, Orlandi G, Tendas A, Del Principe MI, Masi M, Amadori S, Orlandi A, Anemona L, Campione E. CNS and cutaneous involvement in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia treated with imatinib in hematologic complete remission: two case reports. J Clin Oncol 2003; 21:4256-8. [PMID: 14615464 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2003.99.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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17
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He W, Myers MR, Hanney B, Spada AP, Bilder G, Galzcinski H, Amin D, Needle S, Page K, Jayyosi Z, Perrone MH. Potent quinoxaline-based inhibitors of PDGF receptor tyrosine kinase activity. Part 2: the synthesis and biological activities of RPR127963 an orally bioavailable inhibitor. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2003; 13:3097-100. [PMID: 12941342 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(03)00655-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
RPR127963 demonstrates an excellent pharmacokinetic profile in several species and was found to be efficacious in the prevention of restenosis in a Yucatan mini-pig model upon oral administration of 1-5 mg/kg. The in vitro selectivity profile and SAR of the highly optimized PDGF-R tyrosine kinase inhibitor are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei He
- Aventis Pharmaceuticals, Route 202/206, Brigdewater, NJ 08807, USA
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