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Kini S, Kamat RN, Janjal S, Desai HM. A Rare Co-existent Case of Splenic Microfilariasis and Pancreatic Solid Pseudopapillary Epithelial Neoplasm - A Double Jeopardy! Int J Appl Basic Med Res 2024; 14:131-133. [PMID: 38912359 PMCID: PMC11189261 DOI: 10.4103/ijabmr.ijabmr_464_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Filariasis is a major public health concern in tropical and subtropical countries like India with Wuchereria bancrofti accounting for 90% of lymphatic filariasis. Rarely observed are extra lymphatic manifestations caused by interaction of immune system with microfilaria and their diffusible products. Among various organs involved, splenic involvement is a rare extra lymphatic manifestation of filariasis and can masquerade clinicoradiologically as metastasis when associated with a known malignancy or as a primary malignancy like lymphoma. Hereby, we present an unusual case of coincidence of splenic filariasis with pancreatic solid pseudopapillary epithelial neoplasm in a 20-year-old woman associated with peripheral blood eosinophilia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangeeta Kini
- Department of Pathology, BYL Nair Ch. Hospital and TNMC, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rima N Kamat
- Department of Pathology, BYL Nair Ch. Hospital and TNMC, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sneha Janjal
- Department of Pathology, BYL Nair Ch. Hospital and TNMC, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Heena M Desai
- Department of Pathology, BYL Nair Ch. Hospital and TNMC, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Vasantham V, Yadav SK, Sarin N, Singh S, Pruthi SK. Incidental detection of microfilaria in cyst fluid of Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma of ovary: A rare case report. Int J Surg Case Rep 2020; 70:56-59. [PMID: 32416487 PMCID: PMC7229237 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2020.04.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Filariasis is a major health problem in certain parts of India. Microfilaria detection on exfoliative and fluid cytology is extremely rare and it is even very rare to find microfilaria coexistent with neoplastic lesions. PRESENTATION OF CASE A 45-year-old nulliparous female, who presented with complaints of lower abdominal swelling and pain. Initially, a clinical diagnosis of cystadenoma was made. Ascitic fluid cytology of the patient showed 3-dimensional clusters of cells along with an occasional microfilaria. On histopathology, a diagnosis of Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma of ovary was made. DISCUSSION Most common cause of lymphatic filariasis is W. bancrofti followed by Brugia species and it affects young adults. The adult form of the filaria lodge in lymph vessels, and due to lymphatic blockage in neoplasms they appear in tissue fluid or on surface material. It is the first case report of microfilaria being detected in ovarian cystic fluid cytology in a patient of Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma of ovary. CONCLUSION Filaria is an incidental finding in most of the cases, hence, cytopathologist should be vigilant and careful screening of all the slides should be done, especially in a country like India, where it is highly endemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vyshnavi Vasantham
- Department of Pathology, North Delhi Municipal Corporation Medical College and Hindu Rao Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Shakti Kumar Yadav
- Department of Pathology, North Delhi Municipal Corporation Medical College and Hindu Rao Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Namrata Sarin
- Department of Pathology, North Delhi Municipal Corporation Medical College and Hindu Rao Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Sompal Singh
- Department of Pathology, North Delhi Municipal Corporation Medical College and Hindu Rao Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Sonam Kumar Pruthi
- Department of Pathology, North Delhi Municipal Corporation Medical College and Hindu Rao Hospital, New Delhi, India.
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3
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Singla S, Singla G, Singla T, Kolte S. Incidental Finding of Microfilariae in Cervicovaginal Smears on Liquid-based Cytology - A Case Report of two Cases with Review of Literature. J Midlife Health 2020; 11:37-39. [PMID: 32684726 PMCID: PMC7362982 DOI: 10.4103/jmh.jmh_17_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Filariasis is a vector-borne disease, which is quite common in tropical countries such as India. In India, it is most commonly caused either by Wuchereria bancrofti or Brugia malayi. It can present in any possible site, possibly, because of their ability to migrate along the lymphatics. Very few cases have been reported in the literature where microfilariae have been found in cervicovaginal smears. Most of the cases have been reported on conventional Pap smears. Here, we present two such cases where microfilaria was found as an incidental finding in liquid-based cytology preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Singla
- Department of Pathology, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Gaurav Singla
- Department of Pathology, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Tanisha Singla
- Department of Pathology, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Sachin Kolte
- Department of Pathology, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
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Sarangi J, Arava S, Kumar H. Microfilaria in urine cytology: Report of three cases with review of literature. Diagn Cytopathol 2020; 48:675-678. [PMID: 32259405 DOI: 10.1002/dc.24423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Lymphatic filariasis is a major public health problem in the developing countries. In India, around 90% of the cases are attributed to Wuchereria bancrofti species morphologically identified as sheathed parasites with tail tip free of nuclei. Microfilariae have been described in urine specimens from patients with chylous and achylous hematuria as well as in a spectrum of other body fluids. Case reports describe their presence in aspirates from numerous neoplasms. However, their association with urothelial carcinoma in urine sediment has been rather rare with only three cases described previously. We report three cases of filariasis in urine cytology, one of which was associated with atypical urothelial cells. Our aim is to stress on the possibility of concomitant filariasis in body fluids and aspirates with other significant findings, especially in endemic areas. Identification of the same renders complete diagnosis and proper treatment to the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayati Sarangi
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sudheer Arava
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Hemanth Kumar
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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5
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Gupta D, Gupta P, Bhardwaj M. Fine-needle aspiration of axillary swelling: Cytodiagnosis of an unusual presentation of filariasis. Cytojournal 2019; 16:25. [PMID: 31897083 PMCID: PMC6909590 DOI: 10.4103/cytojournal.cytojournal_17_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymphatic filariasis is a major public health problem in tropical and subtropical countries. Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is not routinely used for its identification. However, it has been detected incidentally, while doing FNAC for the evaluation of other lesions. We describe a presentation of occult filariasis with microfilariae (mf) in an isolated axillary swelling wherein FNAC was helpful in establishing the diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Gupta
- Address: Department of Pathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Prajwala Gupta
- Address: Department of Pathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Minakshi Bhardwaj
- Address: Department of Pathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, India
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Gahine R, Das A, Jain VK, Agrawal A. Rare association of microfilaria with poorly differentiated mucin-secreting metastatic carcinoma in liver aspirate cytology. BMJ Case Rep 2019; 12:12/10/e231618. [PMID: 31645405 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2019-231618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Filariasis, a neglected tropical disease (NTD), is mainly caused by nematodes-Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi and B. timori Apart from profoundly disabling and disfiguring major clinical manifestations-lymphoedema, elephantiasis and hydrocoele-asymptomatic microfilaremia is common in endemic areas. Despite this, it is very rare to detect microfilariae in body fluids or aspirates. As per the literature search, this is the third case documenting incidental detection of microfilariae with metastatic deposits in the liver aspirate. Here, a 35-year-old man underwent image-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology of liver nodule. Liver aspirate cytology revealed poorly differentiated mucin-secreting metastatic carcinoma and coincidental presence of microfilariae of W. bancrofti Recently, microfilaria has frequently been found to be associated with the debilitated, immunocompromised condition and various neoplasm/cancer/malignancy. Hence, meticulous investigation should be undertaken to search for hidden pathology, whenever microfilariae are detected; and to deeply scrutinise aspirates for such parasites always, especially in endemic regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renuka Gahine
- Pathology, Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru Memorial Government Medical College, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Aditi Das
- Pathology, Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru Memorial Government Medical College, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Vishal Kumar Jain
- Radiodiagnosis, Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru Memorial Government Medical College, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Apurva Agrawal
- Pathology, Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru Memorial Government Medical College, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
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Chakraborty S, Saha M, Pradhan SG, Biswas S. Microfilaria Infection in Metastatic Node in a Case of Breast Carcinoma. J Midlife Health 2019; 10:153-155. [PMID: 31579198 PMCID: PMC6767959 DOI: 10.4103/jmh.jmh_5_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Filariasis is a major public health problem in tropical and subtropical countries such as India. It is caused by nematodes, principally Wuchereria bancrofti and Brugia malayi and is transmitted by the Culex mosquito. W.bancrofti accounts for 90% of cases of lymphatic filariasis. Filaria of the breast with axillary lymphadenopathy and lymphedema, mimicking breast carcinoma has been previously reported. Microfilariae have also been previously observed as coincidental findings with various inflammatory and neoplastic lesions. Few examples are hemangiomas of the liver, meningiomas, intracranial hemangioblastomas, uterine cervix, pharyngeal, urinary bladder, preputial and metastatic carcinomas, melanomas, and leukemia.Here, we report an unusual case of filarial infection of a metastatic axillary node in a case of invasive breast carcinoma, observed in a modified radical mastectomy specimen. Previous cases reported in literature have reported microfilaria in metastatic axillary node detected on cytology specimens; histological diagnosis, though reported, is rare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subrata Chakraborty
- Department of Pathology, Saroj Gupta Cancer Centre and Research Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Maitrayee Saha
- Department of Pathology, Saroj Gupta Cancer Centre and Research Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Sunipa Ghosh Pradhan
- Department of Pathology, Saroj Gupta Cancer Centre and Research Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Sanchita Biswas
- Department of Pathology, Saroj Gupta Cancer Centre and Research Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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Pal S, Mondal S, Pradhan R, Bose K, Chakrabarti S, Sikder M. Cytological findings of microfilariae in different sites: A retrospective review of 22 cases from endemic region. Trop Parasitol 2018; 8:24-28. [PMID: 29930903 PMCID: PMC5991047 DOI: 10.4103/tp.tp_20_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Filariasis is a major health problem in India. Despite the high prevalence, microfilariae are rarely found in cytology smears. Most of the cases are incidentally found, solely or in association with other pathologies. Aims and Objectives: The study was undertaken to analyze the prevalence and cytology findings of cases of incidentally found microfilariae in cytology smears (fine-needle aspiration cytology [FNAC]/body fluids) from different body parts. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study over 5 years, where the cases of microfilariae in aspirates from swelling of different locations and body fluids were reviewed, and clinic-pathological data were analyzed. Results and Analysis: Out of 16,738 cases of FNAC and 882 cases of fluid cytology, 22 cases (0.124%) of incidental finding of microfilaria were documented in cytology smears. The cases were diagnosed from lymph nodes (5 cases), skin and soft tissue (4 cases), scrotal (4 cases), breast (3 cases), thyroid (2 cases), and pleural fluid (2 cases). We found eosinophilia in 15 cases (68.18%) of filarial lesions. We found two cases of incidental findings of microfilariae in association with malignant lesions. Conclusion: Filariasis should be considered as differential diagnosis of swelling of lymph nodes, skin, soft tissue, inguinoscrotal region, and other sites as well. Careful screening of cytology smears may help in detection of incidental cases in the association of other pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subrata Pal
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine and Sagore Dutta Hospital, Bankura, West Bengal, India
| | - Sajeeb Mondal
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine and Sagore Dutta Hospital, Bankura, West Bengal, India
| | - Rajashree Pradhan
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine and Sagore Dutta Hospital, Bankura, West Bengal, India
| | - Kingshuk Bose
- Department of Pathology, B S Medical College, Bankura, West Bengal, India
| | - Srabani Chakrabarti
- Department of Pathology, Calcutta National Medical College, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Mrinal Sikder
- Department of Pathology, Calcutta National Medical College, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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9
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Circulating microfilariae in haematological malignancies: do they have a role in pathogenesis? J Helminthol 2017; 92:125-127. [PMID: 28181472 DOI: 10.1017/s0022149x17000062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Filariasis is very common in tropical countries. It is endemic in the coastal areas of India. We report four cases of haematological malignancy where peripheral blood and bone marrow smears did not show any microfilariae but conventional cytogenetic preparations from all the four cases showed the presence of parasites. Their morphology confirmed the diagnosis of all cases as bancroftian filariasis. Therefore all types of cytogenetic preparations should be screened carefully in the endemic areas along the coastal zones of India for the presence of this parasite.
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10
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Sahoo N, Saha A, Mishra P. Coexistence of microfilaria with metastatic adenocarcinomatous deposit from breast in axillary lymph node cytology: A rare association. J Cytol 2017; 34:43-45. [PMID: 28182075 PMCID: PMC5259929 DOI: 10.4103/0970-9371.197617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Filariasis is a global social health problem of tropical and sub tropical countries like India. W.bancrofti accounts for 95% of cases of lymphatic filariasis. Microfilaria in cytosmears are a rare finding. We report a case of 55 year old female presented with right axillary swelling with ipsilateral breast lump. Cytosmears from the lymph node aspirate showed metastatic adenocarcinomatous deposits and a bunch of microfilariae surrounding the tumor cells and the aspirate from the breast shows ductal carcinoma. We report an additional case of a rare association of microfilaria co-existing with carcinomatous deposit in the lymph node.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nibedita Sahoo
- Department of Pathology, AIIMS, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Arpita Saha
- Department of Pathology, AIIMS, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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11
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Rani P, Sobti P, Gupta AJ, Arora P, Singh M, Jain S, Rathi R, Rathore AM. Filarial worm residing in ovarian papillary serous adenocarcinoma-A rare case report. Diagn Cytopathol 2016; 44:952-954. [PMID: 27444355 DOI: 10.1002/dc.23537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Revised: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Rani
- Department of Pathology, Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated Lok Nayak Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - Parul Sobti
- Department of Pathology, Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated Lok Nayak Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - Amita Jain Gupta
- Department of Pathology, Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated Lok Nayak Hospital, Delhi, India.
| | - Prerna Arora
- Department of Pathology, Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated Lok Nayak Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - Meeta Singh
- Department of Pathology, Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated Lok Nayak Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - Shyama Jain
- Department of Pathology, Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated Lok Nayak Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - Roopal Rathi
- Department of Pathology, Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated Lok Nayak Hospital, Delhi, India
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12
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Chakraborty A, Mukherjee A, Talukdar P, Talukdar A. Filarial hydropneumothorax: a strange journey. BMJ Case Rep 2015; 2015:bcr-2015-209470. [PMID: 26604240 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2015-209470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Filarial infection can have varied manifestations, but hydropneumothorax at presentation has not yet been reported. A 28-year-old man presented to our hospital with heaviness of the left chest for the past 10 days, which was preceded by a sudden, short stabbing pain in the left chest after straining. Chest X-ray revealed left-sided hydropneumothorax. A peripheral blood picture revealed significant eosinophilia. A pleural fluid report also showed eosinophilia and a few motile microfilaria of Wuchereria bancrofti. Microfilaria was also documented in peripheral blood. There was no evidence of other organ system involvement. The patient was diagnosed with 'Filarial Hydropneumothorax'. After treatment with a temporary chest drain and oral diethylcarbamazine citrate, there was dramatic relief of symptoms and radiological improvement. The patient has been symptom free with no features of recurrence through 8 months of follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anindya Mukherjee
- Department of General Medicine, Medical College Kolkata, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Payel Talukdar
- Department of Psychiatry, NRS Medical College, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Arunansu Talukdar
- Department of General Medicine, Medical College Kolkata, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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Abstract
Filaria has a wide spectrum of presentation. We hereby present a case of Filarial pleural effusion that is a rarity in itself. Filarial lung involvement is usually in the form of tropical pulmonary eosinophilia with pulmonary infiltrates and peripheral eosinophilia, unlike our case where isolated pleural effusion of Filarial etiology was detected. Microfilaria has been isolated from Pleural fluid in very few cases, and ours was one such. Of late, there have been many incidental detections of Filarial parasites from varied anatomical sites in association with malignancy. Even in our case, we had one such unusual association.
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14
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Malik A, Singh V, Dahiya SK, Dutta V. Coexistence of filariasis with carcinoma breast - An incidental cytological finding. Med J Armed Forces India 2013; 71:S76-8. [PMID: 26265878 DOI: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2013.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2013] [Accepted: 03/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Malik
- Associate Professor, Dept of Pathology, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune 411040, India
| | - Vikram Singh
- Resident, Dept of Pathology, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune 411040, India
| | | | - Vibha Dutta
- Professor & Head, Dept of Pathology, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune 411040, India
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15
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Pantola C, Kala S, Agarwal A, Khan L. Microfilaria in cytological smears at rare sites coexisting with unusual pathology: A series of seven cases. Trop Parasitol 2013; 2:61-3. [PMID: 23508347 PMCID: PMC3593499 DOI: 10.4103/2229-5070.97244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2012] [Accepted: 06/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Filariasis is a major public health problem in India and microfilaria is sometimes seen during routine fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) smears, but it is very rare to find microfilaria coexistent with neoplastic lesions. Here we report a series of seven cases in which microfilaria is associated with neoplastic lesions. Out of these seven cases one is benign and six are malignant. Also we first time report the microfilaria coexistent with parotid pleomorphic adenoma, undifferentiated carcinoma thyroid and gall bladder carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chayanika Pantola
- Department of Pathology, Ganesh Shankar Vidyarthi Memorial Medical College, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Abstract
Besides peripheral blood smears, microfilariae have been described in aspirate smears from different sites. Identification of microfilariae in the chylous urine of otherwise asymptomatic filarial patients has been rarely described. One such case is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Seth
- Department of Pathology, Kasturba Hospital, Daryaganj, Delhi, India
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17
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Vij M, Kumari N, Krishnani N. Microfilaria in liver aspiration cytology: an extremely rare finding. Diagn Cytopathol 2011; 39:521-2. [PMID: 21695804 DOI: 10.1002/dc.21483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2010] [Accepted: 06/03/2010] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Filariasis is a common public health problem in the Indian subcontinent. The diagnosis can be made conventionally by demonstrating microfilaria in peripheral blood smears. Despite its high incidence it is unusual to find microfilariae in fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cytology smears. Microfilariae have been reported in cytological specimens of various organs, but it is extremely rare to find microfilaria in fine FNA cytology of liver. We report seventh case of microfilaria in liver aspirate in a male patient suffering from gallbladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukul Vij
- Department of Pathology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, Utter Pradesh, India
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18
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Mondal SK. Incidental detection of filaria in fine-needle aspirates: a cytologic study of 14 clinically unsuspected cases at different sites. Diagn Cytopathol 2010; 40:292-6. [PMID: 22431316 DOI: 10.1002/dc.21557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2010] [Accepted: 08/30/2010] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Filariasis is a major health problem in tropical countries like India. Detection of microfilariae or adult worm or egg in FNAC is very unusual despite the high incidence of this parasite in endemic zone. The aim of this study was to document the value of fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in diagnosis of filaria at all possible sites presenting as mass or swelling. Fourteen patients (nine males and five females) in the age range of 14-61 years were subjected to FNAC. FNA from swellings was done using 22-gauge needles fitted with 10 or 20 ml disposable plastic syringes. The slides were stained with May-Grunwald-Giemsa stain, Haematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) stain, and Papanicolaou (Pap) stain. In total, 14 cases of filariasis were detected, which included subcutaneous swellings (six cases), epididymis/spermatic cord nodules (four cases), breast lumps (two cases), lymph nodes (one case), and thyroid swelling (one case). Larvae (microfilariae), eggs, and adult worms were detected in cytological smears. Microfilaria was present in all 14 cases whereas adult worm was found in three cases only. In four cases, eggs were seen in the smears. None of the patients was microfilariaemic and significant eosinophilia (>10%) was seen seen in two patients. Filarisis should be considered as one of the differential diagnosis of swelling in endemic area. Identification of the parasite, Wuchereria bancrofti, in FNA smears and accurate diagnosis of filaria is important to employ proper treatment. Early diagnosis and treatment prevents the more severe manifestation of the disease, lymphatic filariasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Kumar Mondal
- Department of Pathology, Medical College, West Bengal Health University, West Bengal, Kolkata, India.
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Bagla N, Patel MM, Pandya AN, Thakral C. Microfilariae in cytology smears: real culprits or trapped accidentally by needles? A study of 10 cases. Cytopathology 2005; 16:316-7. [PMID: 16303048 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2303.2005.00281.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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20
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Mohan S, Andley M, Talwar N, Ravi B, Kumar A. An unusual association with carcinoma pancreas: a case report. Cytopathology 2005; 16:215-6. [PMID: 16048509 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2303.2005.00205.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Mohan
- Department of Surgery, Lady Hardinge Medical College, New Delhi, India.
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Abstract
Although lymphatic filariasis remains among the major causes of disability among the tropical infectious diseases, dramatic advances have been made in the approach to its diagnosis, epidemiology and treatment, in our understanding of the molecular composition of the parasites that cause these infections, and in the factors underlying the pathology seen. Superimposing the tools of modern epidemiology, immunology, and molecular biology on field-based clinical trials has allowed the emergence of the concept of elimination of lymphatic filariasis. Much of the important new research emphasizes parasite development in the context of the host response, the importance of both the adult worm and other factors in the pathogenesis of lymphatic filarial disease, the role the Wolbachia endosymbiont holds as both a target for drug treatment and in inducing post-treatment reactions, and the various principles underlying the implementation of control programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- T B Nutman
- Helminth Immunology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-0425, USA.
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