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Zogheib C, Roumi R, Baldi A, Palopoli P, Pasqualini D, Berutti E, Alovisi M. The effect of ultrasonic access cavity preparation on dentinal inner walls: a micro-CT study on cadaveric samples. Oral Radiol 2023; 39:639-645. [PMID: 37000330 DOI: 10.1007/s11282-023-00680-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to evaluate the occurrence of coronal dentinal micro-cracks after access cavity refinement using high-speed burs and ultrasonic tips by means of micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) analysis. METHODS In this study, 18 mandibular cadaveric incisors were divided into two groups according to the protocol of the preparation of the conventional access cavity. The diamond bur 802 # 12 was used until the perforation of the pulp roof. Then, the Endo-Z bur was used for the group #1 and the ultrasonic tip Start-X # 1 for the group #2 to finish and refine the access cavity. The preparation time of each access cavity has been recorded. The teeth underwent a micro-CT scan before and after the preparation of the access cavity. Fisher's exact test, the Chi-square test, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, the Mann-Whitney test, and the Student's test were used for statistical evaluation. RESULTS The percentage of teeth with new micro-cracks is not significantly different between the two groups (-p-value < 0.5). The number of newly formed micro-cracks and extension size were not significantly different between the two groups. The direction of extension of the micro- cracks was occluso-apical. The average duration of the access cavity is significantly smaller with the Endo-Z system (-p- value < 0.001). The roughness of walls surfaces has no statistically difference between the two groups. CONCLUSION The use of ultrasound, although slower, is considered safe in the creation of dentinal micro-cracks, in the preparation of the access cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Zogheib
- Department of Endodontics, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - R Roumi
- Department of Endodontics, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - A Baldi
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Dental School, Endodontics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | - D Pasqualini
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Dental School, Endodontics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - E Berutti
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Dental School, Endodontics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - M Alovisi
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Dental School, Endodontics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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John J, Singh V P P, Karuveettil V, M R, Subramanian D, Haridas K. Comparison of crack formation induced by ultrasonic tips and burs during root-end preparation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Evid Based Dent 2022:10.1038/s41432-022-0823-0. [PMID: 36434118 DOI: 10.1038/s41432-022-0823-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Introduction The main objective of root canal treatment is to achieve apical seal. Crack formation during root-end preparation promotes bacterial penetration, thereby leading to failure. This systematic review aims to examine the literature and summarise studies that compare the crack formation induced by ultrasonic tips and burs during root-end preparation.Methods This systematic review and meta-analysis were reported and conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. The online databases PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar were used for data search. In vitro and ex vivo studies conducted up to March 2021 in the English language were included in the review. The risk of bias in the present study was assessed using a customised tool. A random-effects model was used for meta-analysis, χ² values and I² values were used to assess statistical heterogeneity. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan software Version 5.4.Results A total of 317 records were found from all of the databases and one article was added following hand-searching. Twelve articles were included in the study after the application of the eligibility criteria of which ten articles were included for the meta-analysis. Nine studies showed a medium risk of bias while three studies showed a high risk of bias. The analysis of the crack formation showed a statistically significant difference between the ultrasonic tip and the bur (P = 0.0002). The odds ratio was 2.72 (1.60, 4.65) with a confidence interval of 95% suggesting higher odds of crack formation in the ultrasonic group.Conclusion This review concludes that ultrasonic root-end preparation resulted in higher crack formation than burs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesseca John
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Amrita School of Dentistry, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, India.
| | - Prabath Singh V P
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Amrita School of Dentistry, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Vineetha Karuveettil
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Amrita School of Dentistry, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Remya M
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Amrita School of Dentistry, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Deepthy Subramanian
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Amrita School of Dentistry, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Kaushik Haridas
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Amrita School of Dentistry, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, India
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An Update on Endodontic Microsurgery of Mandibular Molars: A Focused Review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 57:medicina57030270. [PMID: 33809673 PMCID: PMC8002302 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57030270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Endodontic microsurgery is a highly predictable treatment option in most cases when conventional endodontic treatment is not feasible. Nevertheless, mandibular molars are still considered by clinicians to be the most difficult type of teeth, with the lowest success rate. In recent years, endodontic microsurgery has been attempted more frequently with the emergence of modern cutting-edge technologies such as dental operating microscopes, various microsurgical instruments, and biocompatible materials, and the success rate is increasing. This review describes the current state of the art in endodontic microsurgical techniques and concepts for mandibular molars. Notably, this review highlights contemporary equipment, technology, and materials.
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Ling Z, Zheng Z, Zeng Y, Jiang L, Wu Y, Wu B, Yan W. Effect of Heat Softening versus Ultrasonic Removal of Root-End Gutta-Percha on the Quality of Root-End Preparation for Endodontic Microsurgery. SCANNING 2021; 2021:8320234. [PMID: 34405033 PMCID: PMC8355974 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8320234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
This study is aimed at comparing the efficacy of heat softening and ultrasonic removal of root-end gutta-percha during retrograde preparation for root apical microsurgery. Recently extracted single-rooted premolars (n = 40) were prepared with standardized endodontically treated and root-end resection and then randomly divided into four groups that received root-end cavity preparation using four different instruments: a diamond-coated ultrasonic tip (AS3D; SACTEON, Paris, France), AS3D with the modified plugger of cordless heat carrier (MSE; B&L Biotech, Bala Cynwyd, PA, USA), stainless steel ultrasonic tip (Jetip-2; B&L Biotech, Bala Cynwyd, PA, USA), or Jetip-2 with MSE. The time required for root-end preparation was recorded. The root apex samples were examined by scanning electron microscopy to assess root surface microcracks and marginal integrity. The remnants of gutta-percha on the cavity walls were evaluated using a stereomicroscope. Statistical analysis was performed using Student's t-test and Wilcoxon rank-sum test (P < 0.05). Usage of MSE with Jetip-2 significantly reduced preparation time from 99.8 ± 6.8 s to 32.4 ± 1.0 s (P = 0.009), the number of microcracks from 42 to 13 (P = 0.036), and the remnants of gutta-percha from 80% to 20% (P = 0.041). Similar results were observed for AS3D with MSE. The heat softening of MSE was effective in cleaning gutta-percha, thus greatly improving the efficiency of the root-end preparation, thereby producing a root-end cavity with fewer microcracks and better marginal integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiting Ling
- Department of Conservative and Endodontic Dentistry, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 N Guangzhou Road, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Ziting Zheng
- Department of Conservative and Endodontic Dentistry, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 N Guangzhou Road, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yuting Zeng
- Department of Conservative and Endodontic Dentistry, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 N Guangzhou Road, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Lifang Jiang
- Department of Conservative and Endodontic Dentistry, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 N Guangzhou Road, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yuan Wu
- Department of Conservative and Endodontic Dentistry, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 N Guangzhou Road, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Buling Wu
- Department of Conservative and Endodontic Dentistry, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 N Guangzhou Road, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Wenjuan Yan
- Department of Conservative and Endodontic Dentistry, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 N Guangzhou Road, Guangzhou 510515, China
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Palma PJ, Marques JA, Casau M, Santos A, Caramelo F, Falacho RI, Santos JM. Evaluation of Root-End Preparation with Two Different Endodontic Microsurgery Ultrasonic Tips. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8100383. [PMID: 32998221 PMCID: PMC7601836 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8100383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to compare root-end preparation performed with two different ultrasonic tips-CVDentus and NSK-and respective time requirements. After root-end resection, 32 teeth were randomly divided in two groups, according to the ultrasonic tip used for root-end preparation. Preparation time was recorded. Photomicrographs were taken to assess the following parameters: root surface microcracking, marginal integrity and presence of debris. One ultrasonic tip from each group was analyzed through scanning electron microscopy before and after root-end preparation. The significance level was set at α = 0.05. Incidence of microcracks in both groups was 12.5%. Solely intracanal microcracking was found, consistently positioned within the widest side of the remaining dentine. No statistically significant differences were verified between both experimental groups regarding marginal integrity (p = 0.102) and preparation time (p = 0.780), whereas statistical differences (p = 0.003) were found concerning the presence of debris (the minimum registered score was mostly verified in CVDentus group). NSK tips showed major morphological changes, with extensive surface wear and noticeable loss of particles, which was not verified on CVDentus tips. Our findings suggest significant differences regarding root-end preparation walls quality, with CVDentus tips showing better results. Concerning microcracking, as well as preparation time and marginal integrity, both ultrasonic tips showed similar results. Qualitative analysis exposed NSK tips major morphological changes and wear after use, which was not verified on CVDentus tips.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo J. Palma
- Institute of Endodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal; (J.A.M.); (J.M.S.)
- Center for Innovation and Research in Oral Sciences (CIROS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-239-249-151
| | - Joana A. Marques
- Institute of Endodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal; (J.A.M.); (J.M.S.)
| | - Margarida Casau
- Dentistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.C.); (A.S.)
| | - André Santos
- Dentistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.C.); (A.S.)
| | - Francisco Caramelo
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Laboratory of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics (LBIM), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Rui I. Falacho
- Institute of Oral Implantology and Prosthodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - João Miguel Santos
- Institute of Endodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal; (J.A.M.); (J.M.S.)
- Center for Innovation and Research in Oral Sciences (CIROS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
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Negi S, Adhikari HD, Mazumder D, Lakiang RD, Bhardwaj S. Comparative evaluation of microleakage after root-end resection by erbium, chromium: Yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnet (Er, Cr:YSGG) laser and carbide bur with or without placement of mineral trioxide aggregate: An in vitro study. J Conserv Dent 2019; 22:391-395. [PMID: 31802826 PMCID: PMC6873605 DOI: 10.4103/jcd.jcd_48_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Root-end resection followed by retrofilling is one of the prime requisites to avoid apical microleakage. Aim: It comparatively evaluated the microleakage after root-end resection by erbium, chromium:yttrium, scandium, gallium, and garnet laser and carbide bur with or without placement of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). Materials and Methods: In this study, 60 maxillary central incisors were decoronated and biomechanically prepared. Out of 60 samples, 48 were included in the experimental group while the rest 12 were in the control group. The samples in the experimental group were obturated, whereas the samples in the control group were not obturated. The experimental group samples were divided into two: one group resected with the laser and the other half resected with carbide bur. These groups were further subdivided into two – one group retrofilled with MTA and the other half without MTA. The control group had both laser- and carbide bur-resected samples with positive and negative controls. All the samples were dyed, decalcified, and cleared. Digital photograph of each sample was taken, and the area of dye penetration was measured with the help of ImageJ software. Statistical Analysis: Analysis of variance and Tukey's test were done. Results: The highest microleakage was seen in carbide without MTA and the least was seen with laser with MTA. Conclusion: Laser-resected MTA-retrofilled samples showed minimum leakage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabnam Negi
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Bhojia Dental College and Hospital, Baddi, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Hari Das Adhikari
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Dr. R. Ahmed Dental College and Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Dibyendu Mazumder
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Dr. R. Ahmed Dental College and Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - R Deirimika Lakiang
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, North Bengal Medical College and Hospital, Darjeeling, West Bengal, India
| | - Sarita Bhardwaj
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Rayat and Bahra Dental College and Hospital, Mohali, Punjab, India
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Fu M, Huang X, He W, Hou B. Effects of ultrasonic removal of fractured files from the middle third of root canals on dentinal cracks: a micro-computed tomography study. Int Endod J 2018; 51:1037-1046. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Fu
- Department of Endodontics; School of Stomatology; Capital Medical University; Beijing China
| | - X. Huang
- Department of General Dentistry; School of Stomatology; Capital Medical University; Beijing China
| | - W. He
- Department of Endodontics; School of Stomatology; Capital Medical University; Beijing China
| | - B. Hou
- Department of Endodontics; School of Stomatology; Capital Medical University; Beijing China
- Department of General Dentistry; School of Stomatology; Capital Medical University; Beijing China
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8
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Effect of ultrasonic tip and root-end filling material on bond strength. Clin Oral Investig 2016; 20:2007-2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-015-1708-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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9
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Gunes B, Aydinbelge HA. Effects of ultrasonic root-end cavity preparation with different surgical-tips and at different power-settings on glucose-leakage of root-end filling material. J Conserv Dent 2014; 17:476-80. [PMID: 25298652 PMCID: PMC4174711 DOI: 10.4103/0972-0707.139846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2013] [Revised: 07/04/2013] [Accepted: 07/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effects of different ultrasonic surgical-tips and power-settings on micro-leakage of root-end filling material. Materials and Methods: The root canals were instrumented using rotary-files and were filled with tapered gutta-percha and root canal sealer using a single-cone technique. The apical 3 mm of each root was resected and the roots were divided into six experimental groups; negative and positive control groups. Root-end cavities were prepared with diamond-coated, zirconum-nitride-coated and stainless-steel ultrasonic retro-tips at half-power and high-power settings. The time required to prepare the root-end cavities for each group was recorded. Root-end cavities were filled with Super-EBA. Leakage values of all samples evaluated with glucose penetration method on 7, 14, 21 and 28th days. The results were statistically analyzed with Kruskal-Wallis and Hollander-Wolfe tests. Results: The mean time required to prepare retro cavities using diamond-coated surgical tip at high-power setting was significantly less than other groups (P < 0.01). There were no statistically significant differences in the glucose penetration between the groups at first and second weeks (P > 0.01). Diamond-coated surgical tip showed the least leakage at high-power setting at 3rd and 4th weeks (P < 0.01). Conclusions: Under the conditions of this study, cavity preparation time was the shortest and the leakage of the root-end filling was the least when diamond-coated retro-tip used at high-power setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betul Gunes
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Osmangazi, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Hale Ali Aydinbelge
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Selcuk, Selcuklu-Konya, Turkey
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Aydemir S, Cimilli H, Mumcu G, Chandler N, Kartal N. Crack Formation on Resected Root Surfaces Subjected to Conventional, Ultrasonic, and Laser Root-End Cavity Preparation. Photomed Laser Surg 2014; 32:351-5. [DOI: 10.1089/pho.2013.3696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Seda Aydemir
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Hale Cimilli
- Department of Restrorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gonca Mumcu
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nicholas Chandler
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Nevin Kartal
- Department of Restrorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Abella F, de Ribot J, Doria G, Duran-Sindreu F, Roig M. Applications of Piezoelectric Surgery in Endodontic Surgery: A Literature Review. J Endod 2014; 40:325-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2013.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2013] [Revised: 11/14/2013] [Accepted: 11/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Scholkmann F, Revol V, Kaufmann R, Baronowski H, Kottler C. A new method for fusion, denoising and enhancement of x-ray images retrieved from Talbot–Lau grating interferometry. Phys Med Biol 2014; 59:1425-40. [DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/59/6/1425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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13
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Liu Z, Zhang D, Li Q, Xu Q. Evaluation of Root-end Preparation with a New Ultrasonic Tip. J Endod 2013; 39:820-3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2013.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2012] [Revised: 02/23/2013] [Accepted: 03/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Aydemir S, Cimilli H, Yoruç ABH, Kartal N. Evaluation of two different root-end cavity preparation techniques: A scanning electron microscope study. Eur J Dent 2013; 7:186-190. [PMID: 24883024 PMCID: PMC4023193 DOI: 10.4103/1305-7456.110168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this study, we aimed to evaluate and compare the dentinal walls of root-end cavities for the presence of cracks after cavity preparation using US retrotips and Er: YAG laser. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty single-rooted teeth were prepared by Protaper NiTi rotary system and obturated by lateral condensation. Three milimeters of root-end was resected. Twenty teeth were prepared with US retrotip (Group 1), 20 teeth with Er: YAG laser (Group 2), and 10 teeth without retropreparation (control group). The root-end surfaces were examined under a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Then the cracks of the resected root surfaces were evaluated on microphotographs. RESULTS No statistically significant difference was detected between US Group and Laser Group for complete, incomplete, intradentinal, and total number of cracks (P = 0.47, P = 0.80, P = 0.69, P = 0.869, respectively). CONCLUSION Statistical analysis revealed no significant effect of retropreparation technique on the development of apical cracks (P > 0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- Seda Aydemir
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkiye
| | - Hale Cimilli
- Department of Restrorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkiye
| | - Afife Binnaz Hazar Yoruç
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkiye
| | - Nevin Kartal
- Department of Restrorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkiye
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Zerbinati LPS, Tonietto L, de Moraes JFD, de Oliveira MG. Assessment of Marginal Adaptation After Apicoectomy and Apical Sealing with Nd:YAG Laser. Photomed Laser Surg 2012; 30:444-50. [DOI: 10.1089/pho.2011.3182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Leonardo Tonietto
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Bodrumlu E, Keskiner I, Sumer M, Sumer AP, Telcıoglu NT. Temperature variation during apicectomy with Er:YAG laser. Photomed Laser Surg 2012; 30:425-8. [PMID: 22730914 DOI: 10.1089/pho.2012.3256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the generated temperature of the Er:YAG laser, with three different pulse durations for apicectomy, compared with tungsten bur and surgical saw. BACKGROUND DATA Apicectomy is an endodontic surgery performed to remove the root apex and curette adjacent periapical tissue because of lesions of the apical area that are not healing properly. METHODS Sixty single-rooted extracted human teeth were resected by three cutting methods: tungsten bur, surgical saw, and Er:YAG laser irradiation with three different pulse durations; pulse duration 50 μs, pulse duration 100 μs, and pulse duration 300 μs. Teflon-insulated, type K thermocouples were used to measure temperature changes during the apicectomy process. Data were analyzed using the general linear models procedure of the SPSS statistical software program. RESULTS Although there was no statistically significant difference for the mean values of temperature changes at 1 mm away to the cutting site of teeth, there was statistically significant difference among groups for the mean values of temperature changes at 3 mm away to the cutting site of teeth. Additionally, there was statistically significant difference among groups for the total time required for apicectomy. CONCLUSIONS The laser irradiation with pulse duration 50 μs appears to have the lowest temperature rise and the shortest time required for apicectomy of the three pulse durations. However, Er:YAG laser for apicectomy in all pulse durations could be used safely for resection in endodontics in the presence of sufficient water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emre Bodrumlu
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Endodontics, University of Ondokuz Mayis, Samsun, Turkey.
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Fahey T, O'Connor N, Walker T, Chin-Shong D. Surgical endodontics: a review of current best practice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1752-248x.2011.01127.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Camargo Villela Berbert FL, de Faria-Júnior NB, Tanomaru-Filho M, Guerreiro-Tanomaru JM, Bonetti-Filho I, Leonardo RDT, Marcantonio RAC. An in vitro evaluation of apicoectomies and retropreparations using different methods. ORAL SURGERY, ORAL MEDICINE, ORAL PATHOLOGY, ORAL RADIOLOGY, AND ENDODONTICS 2010; 110:e57-63. [PMID: 20573528 DOI: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2010.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2009] [Revised: 03/02/2010] [Accepted: 03/03/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate: 1) the apical root surface, gutta-percha interface, and preparation time of root-end resections made with burs, ultrasound, or laser; and 2) the thickness of surrounding dentin after laser or ultrasonic root-end cavity preparation. STUDY DESIGN 1) Thirty root-filled teeth were resected as follows: Zekrya bur in group I, Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) ultrasonic tip (9.5107-8) in group II, and ErCr:YSGG (Waterlase) in group III. The preparation time was recorded. Replicas of the resected root-ends were examined under a scanning electron microscope (SEM). 2) Thirty root-filled teeth were submitted to apicectomies and root-end cavities were prepared by using: CVD (6.1107-6) ultrasonic retrotips (group IV), EMS (DT-060) ultrasonic retrotips (group V), and ErCr:YSGG laser tips (group VI). Replicas of the root apices were examined under a SEM. RESULTS There were no fissures or fractures on root-end surfaces. The bur produced the smoothest surface (P < .05). Group I had the lowest preparation time (P < .05). The best adaptation between the filling and the root canals walls was observed in group III, but it was not significantly different from group II (P < .05). No resected root-ends had cracks after preparation. Group VI showed the least minimum dentin thickness (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS The 3 methods evaluated did not cause any injury to the root-end surface, but they harmed the apical adaptation. Laser tips removed more dentin than ultrasonic retrotips and should be used with care to avoid overpreparation.
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Abstract
While endodontic microsurgery has been making tremendous strides in the past 20 years, there are still basic concepts that are confusing or frustrating for the novice and experienced surgeon alike. These issues, such as microscope positioning and the relationship with the surgeon's ergonomics and line of sight to the surgical field, making use of natural hand movements and positions, are addressed in this article. Other topics include major flap designs and guidelines for their implementation, effective hemostasis using materials with less tissue toxicity, root end preparation techniques and guidelines, site-determined choice of root end filling material, and placement and finishing tips for Mineral Trioxide Aggregate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen P Niemczyk
- Post Graduate Endodontic Program, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
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20
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Pozza DH, Fregapani PW, Xavier CB, Weber JBB, Oliveira MGD. CO(2), Er: YAG and Nd:YAG lasers in endodontic surgery. J Appl Oral Sci 2010; 17:596-9. [PMID: 20027433 PMCID: PMC4327520 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-77572009000600011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2008] [Accepted: 07/19/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: CO2, Er:YAG and Nd:YAG lasers have been used in endodontic surgery. This in vitro study evaluated 1% Rhodamine B dye penetration using computer-assisted morphometry (ImageTool Software®) of 108 endodontically treated human permanent canines. Material and methods: Teeth were divided into 9 groups according to the technique used: A: 90-degree apicoectomy with bur, root-end cavity preparation with ultrasound and filled with MTA; B: 90-degree apicoectomy with bur, root-end cavity prepared with ultrasound and filled with MTA, and treatment of apical surface with CO2 laser (1 W, CW/CW); C: 90-degree apicoectomy with bur, and treatment of apical surface with Nd:YAG laser (150 mJ, 10 Hz); D: 90-degree apicoectomy with bur, and treatment of apical surface with CO2 laser (1 W, CW/CW); E: apicoectomy with Er:YAG laser (400 mJ, 10 Hz), root-end cavity prepared with ultrasound and filled with MTA; F: apicoectomy with Er:YAG laser (400 mJ, 10 Hz) and treatment of apical surface with Nd:YAG laser (150 mJ, 10Hz); G: apicoectomy with CO2 laser (5W, CW/SP), root-end cavity prepared with ultrasound and filled with MTA; H: irradiation of apical end with CO2 laser (1 W, CW/CW); I: irradiation of apical end with Nd:YAG laser (150 mJ, 10 Hz). Results: Dye penetration was found in all specimens at different rates, the lowest penetration occurring in groups C (16.20%), B (17.24%) and F (17.84%). Conclusions: Groups B, C and F represent the best technical sequences to perform endodontic surgery.
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Rahimi S, Yavari HR, Shahi S, Zand V, Shakoui S, Reyhani MF, Pirzadeh A. Comparison of the effect of Er, Cr-YSGG laser and ultrasonic retrograde root-end cavity preparation on the integrity of root apices. J Oral Sci 2010; 52:77-81. [DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.52.77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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22
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Batista de Faria-Junior N, Tanomaru-Filho M, Guerreiro-Tanomaru JM, de Toledo Leonardo R, Camargo Villela Berbert FL. Evaluation of Ultrasonic and ErCr:YSGG Laser Retrograde Cavity Preparation. J Endod 2009; 35:741-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2009.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2008] [Revised: 02/01/2009] [Accepted: 02/17/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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23
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Lieblich SE, McGiverin B. Ultrasonic retrograde preparation. Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am 2007; 14:167-72. [PMID: 18088619 DOI: 10.1016/s1042-3699(02)00019-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stuart E Lieblich
- University of Connecticut Health Center, 236 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06030 USA; Avon Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 34 Dale Road, Suite 105, Avon, CT 06001, USA
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Bernardes RA, de Moraes IG, Garcia RB, Bernardineli N, Baldi JV, Victorino FR, Vasconcelos BC, Duarte MAH, Bramante CM. Evaluation of Apical Cavity Preparation With a New Type of Ultrasonic Diamond Tip. J Endod 2007; 33:484-7. [PMID: 17368345 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2006.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2006] [Revised: 12/10/2006] [Accepted: 12/24/2006] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the time, occurrence of fracture, and quality of apical cavity preparation with three different ultrasonic diamond tips: Satelec, Trinity, and a new type, CVD (chemical vapor deposition), using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. Thirty human single-rooted premolars were selected, submitted to apicectomy, and prepared with ultrasonic tips; impressions were then obtained. The presence of fractures was evaluated on the impressions, and the quality of preparation was evaluated by SEM analysis of teeth and scoring by two examiners. The group prepared with the CVD tips exhibited the shorter preparation time and did not present fractures. There was no statistically significant difference in the quality of preparation for the three tips. The three brands of ultrasonic tips produced adequate grinding without altering the morphology of the apical foramen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo A Bernardes
- Department of Endodontics, Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo, Al. Dr. Otávio Pinheiro Brisolla 9-75, CEP 17012-901 Bauru, SP, Brazil.
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25
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Kim S, Kratchman S. Modern Endodontic Surgery Concepts and Practice: A Review. J Endod 2006; 32:601-23. [PMID: 16793466 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2005.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 388] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2005] [Accepted: 12/17/2005] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Endodontic surgery has now evolved into endodontic microsurgery. By using state-of-the-art equipment, instruments and materials that match biological concepts with clinical practice, we believe that microsurgical approaches produce predictable outcomes in the healing of lesions of endodontic origin. In this review we attempted to provide the most current concepts, techniques, instruments and materials with the aim of demonstrating how far we have come. Our ultimate goal is to assertively teach the future generation of graduate students and also train our colleagues to incorporate these techniques and concepts into everyday practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syngcuk Kim
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, 19008, USA.
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26
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Wallace JA. Effect of Waterlase laser retrograde root-end cavity preparation on the integrity of root apices of extracted teeth as demonstrated by light microscopy. AUST ENDOD J 2006; 32:35-9. [PMID: 16603044 DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-4477.2006.00006.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Most endodontists use ultrasonic instruments for retrograde root-end cavity preparations even though they have been found to produce cracks. In this laboratory study, thirty-six randomly chosen roots had root-end cavity preparations made with the Waterlase laser and only one questionable intra-canal crack was found. It was concluded that the Waterlase laser when used to make endodontic root-end cavity preparations produces either no cracks, or a very low percentage (2.8%) of cracks.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A Wallace
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, USA.
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27
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Taschieri S, Del Fabbro M, Testori T, Francetti L, Weinstein R. Endodontic surgery with ultrasonic retrotips: One-year follow-up. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 100:380-7. [PMID: 16122670 DOI: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2004.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2004] [Revised: 10/28/2004] [Accepted: 11/08/2004] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this prospective clinical study was to monitor the outcome of ultrasonic root-end preparation, in relation to tooth type and location, presence of post restoration and type of retrotip. STUDY DESIGN Teeth treated surgically showed a periradicular lesion of strictly endodontic origin. Fifty teeth were included in the study, according to specific selection criteria. Cases were followed for a period of 1 year and then classified in 3 groups (success, uncertain healing, and failure) according to radiographic and clinical criteria. RESULTS Of the 46 teeth evaluated at 1-year follow-up, 42 teeth (91.3%) successfully healed, 1 tooth had uncertain healing, and 3 failed. We found no statistically significant differences in treatment results related to the type of tooth, tooth location, post restoration, and type of retrotip. CONCLUSION Adherence to a strict endodontic surgical protocol and the use of contemporary techniques and materials can lead to a predictable outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvio Taschieri
- Department of Odontology, Galeazzi Institute, University of Milano, Milan, Italy
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28
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De Bruyne MAA, De Moor RJG. SEM analysis of the integrity of resected root apices of cadaver and extracted teeth after ultrasonic root-end preparation at different intensities. Int Endod J 2005; 38:310-9. [PMID: 15876295 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2005.00949.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM To compare the integrity of root apices of cadaver and extracted teeth after resection, ultrasonic root-end cavity preparation at medium and low ultrasonic power settings and retrieval. METHODOLOGY Root canal treatment, perpendicular root-end resection and root-end preparation were performed on single-rooted anterior and premolar teeth (49 teeth in situ in maxillary and mandibular jaws from cadavers and 45 extracted teeth). Apical root-end cavities were prepared with the S12/90 degrees D tip and the Suni-Max ultrasonic unit (Satelec, Merignac, France) at the intensity prescribed by the manufacturer (power 7 at power mode S) (34 cadaver teeth, 30 extracted teeth) and at a lower intensity (power 4 at power mode S) (15 cadaver teeth, 15 extracted teeth). After ultrasonic preparation the cadaver teeth were retrieved from the jaws. Exaflex impressions (GC Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) were made of the root apices after resection, root-end preparation and retrieval. These impressions were processed for SEM analysis, and the recordings evaluated for cracks and marginal chipping. RESULTS In general, extracted teeth showed significantly more cracks and chipping than cadaver teeth. Lowering the ultrasonic power from medium to low intensity resulted in equal scores for cracks on extracted teeth and for chipping on cadaver teeth, in higher scores for cracks on cadavers and in lower scores for chipping on extracted teeth. Complete cracks and cracks originating from the root surface occurred only in extracted teeth. CONCLUSIONS The number of cracks and degree of chipping caused by ultrasonic root-end preparation was higher on extracted teeth than on cadaver teeth. Lowering the ultrasonic power from medium to low intensity cannot be recommended as it resulted in more cracks and equal chipping on cadaver teeth. Investigation of techniques and materials should be conducted in situ and not on extracted teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A A De Bruyne
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontology, Dental School, Ghent University, Ghent University Hospital, Gent, Belgium.
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29
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Taschieri S, Testori T, Francetti L, Del Fabbro M. Effects of ultrasonic root end preparation on resected root surfaces: SEM evaluation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 98:611-8. [PMID: 15529135 DOI: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2004.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to investigate the in vitro effect of ultrasonic retrotips on root end surfaces. STUDY DESIGN Root end resection was performed on 45 single-root teeth endodontically treated after extraction. Setting the ultrasonic device at full power, a retrograde cavity was made by a stainless steel tip in 9 specimens (SS-FP). In another 9 samples a diamond tip was used (D-FP). Setting the intensity of the ultrasonic device at half power, 9 specimens were treated using stainless steel tips (SS-HP) and 9 using diamond tip (D-HP). Nine teeth were only apically resected and used as controls. Histologic serial sections were examined by scanning electron microsope to assess the number of root-face cracking, the marginal quality, and the crack type. RESULTS No significant difference between diamond and stainless steel groups was found at a given power setting. Significant differences were found between SS-FP and SS-HP group for both the number of cracks and the marginal quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvio Taschieri
- Section of Endodontics, Department of Odontology, Galeazzi Institute, University of Milano, Milan, Italy
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30
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Khabbaz MG, Kerezoudis NP, Aroni E, Tsatsas V. Evaluation of different methods for the root-end cavity preparation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 98:237-42. [PMID: 15316551 DOI: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2004.02.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The dentinal walls of root-end cavities were examined for the presence of cracks and debris in correlation with the area of the root surfaces that remained after the resection. STUDY DESIGN One hundred extracted single-rooted teeth were endodontically treated, mounted in acrylic resin blocks, and the apical 2 mm of the root-apex was resected. According to the resected root surface area the teeth were divided into 2 groups having large (>2 mm(2)) or small (<2 mm(2)) surface area. For retrograde cavity preparation 4 devices were used: slow-speed handpiece, diamond coated stainless steel ultrasonic tip, smooth stainless steel ultrasonic tips, and sonic diamond-coated tips. Teeth were examined under a videomicroscope for the presence of fractures, dentin chips, and gutta-percha remnants on cavity walls. Preparation time was also recorded. RESULTS Preparation with smooth stainless steel ultrasonic tips produced few intradentin cracks. Dentin debris was more frequently seen in rotary preparations whereas gutta-percha remnants were seen mainly at ultrasonically prepared teeth. CONCLUSIONS Sonic and ultrasonic devices produced cleaner, well-centered, and more conservative root-end cavities than the rotary instrumentation. Cracks do not correlate directly with the surface area of the root-end surfaces but rather with the type of retrotip used to prepare the root-end cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marouan G Khabbaz
- Department of Endodontics, Dental School, University of Athens, Greece.
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Ishikawa H, Sawada N, Kobayashi C, Suda H. Evaluation of root-end cavity preparation using ultrasonic retrotips. Int Endod J 2003; 36:586-90. [PMID: 12950571 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2591.2003.00676.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate and compare the efficiency of root-end preparations using ultrasonic retrotips coated with diamond and zirconium nitride. METHODOLOGY Eighty-five extracted single-rooted teeth were root filled, and then resected 3 mm from their apices. Root-end cavities were prepared with KiS (zirconium nitride-coated retrotip), CT-5 (stainless steel tip) or diamond-coated (DC) ultrasonic retrotips, and 10 teeth served as controls. Thirty teeth were used for evaluation of the time required to prepare the root-end cavity, the number of microcracks produced on the resected surface and the number of dentinal tubule openings on the root-canal wall using scanning electron microscope (SEM) images. A further 55 teeth were used for evaluation of dye penetration following filling of the root-end cavities with Super EBA. The degree of dye penetration in millimetres was measured under the microscope after 7 days of immersion in India ink. Statistical analyses were performed using the one-way ANOVA and Scheffe's F-test as the post hoc test. RESULTS There was no significant difference in the number of microcracks and dentinal tubule openings present in the root apices prepared by the three retrotips. The time required for root-end cavity preparation using the DC retrotip was significantly less than that using the other groups (P<0.01). Positive controls showed dye penetration throughout the length of the root-end cavity, and negative controls showed no dye penetration. There was no significant difference between the three experimental groups in dye penetration. CONCLUSIONS In this laboratory study, the time required to prepare root-end cavities using KiS retrotips was the same as that using CT-5 retrotips, and longer than that using DC retrotips. There was no significant difference in the number of microcracks or dye penetration between the three kinds of retrotips.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Ishikawa
- Pulp Biology and Endodontics, Department of Restorative Sciences, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
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Abstract
AIM To monitor the outcome of periradicular surgery in a group of teeth treated with microsurgical technology and ultrasonic root-end preparation. METHODOLOGY One hundred and twenty-eight teeth with failed conventional root canal treatment were included. The surgical procedure was completed using ultrasonic retrotips and a zinc oxide-EBA (Super Seal, Ogna Pharmaceuticals. Milan, Italy)-reinforced material was used to seal the root end cavities. Lesions were examined radiologically at 1. 3. 6. 12, 24 and 36-month intervals. Radiographs were independently analysed according to a previously published classification. RESULTS Eight teeth were extracted due to fracture or perforations undetected radiologically: these cases were excluded from the study. Of the 120 teeth examined. the overall success rate was 92.5%; 94 healed with complete bone filling of the surgical cavity, 17 were considered to have healed by apical scar formation, four demonstrated uncertain healing and five were considered failures. Eighty of 120 teeth examined had successfully healed from a radiological point of view within 12 months. No differences in outcome occurred between anterior, premolar and molar teeth. Although all failures occurred in teeth with posts, no statistically significant difference was noted (Mann-Whitney U-test, P = 0.37). CONCLUSION Modern surgical endodontic procedures associated and ERA (Super Seal, Ogna Pharmaceuticals, Milan, Italy) root end fillings were successful over 3 years in 92.5% of cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Maddalone
- Restorative & Endodontic Department, School of Dentistry, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Peters CI, Peters OA. Occlusal loading of EBA and MTA root-end fillings in a computer-controlled masticator: a scanning electron microscopic study. Int Endod J 2002; 35:22-9. [PMID: 11853235 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2591.2002.00449.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this investigation was to assess the marginal adaptation of Super-EBA (EBA) and Pro Root MTA (MTA) root-end fillings and the occurrence of microcracks in resected root-ends of extracted teeth before and after occlusal loading for a five-year equivalent period in a computer-controlled masticator. METHODOLOGY Twenty-four molar teeth were root-filled using lateral condensation and their root-ends resected. Root-end cavities were prepared and either EBA or MTA root-end fillings were placed. All surgical procedures were completed in vitro under an operating microscope. Replicas taken of the root-end fillings and resected root-ends were examined using an SEM before and after they were subjected to in vitro chewing cycles in a computer-controlled chewing simulator for the equivalent of 5 years. Marginal adaptation and integrity of the two root-end filling materials were evaluated and the presence of microcracks recorded. RESULTS Before loading, a continuous margin was observed with 99.4 +/- 2.4% of EBA and 99.2 +/- 1.6% of MTA root-end fillings. After loading, the percentage of continuous margin decreased to 93.1 +/- 6.6% and 98.9 +/- 3.2% for EBA and MTA, respectively. After occlusal loading, 39.5% of the EBA root-end fillings were overfilled, whilst 52.6% of the MTA root-end fillings were underfilled. In total, 12.5% of the resected root-end surfaces showed microcracking before loading and 25% after occlusal loading. CONCLUSIONS Both EBA and MTA displayed excellent marginal adaptation before masticatory loading. After loading, the amount of continuous margin for both root-end filling materials decreased slightly but was still high.
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Affiliation(s)
- C I Peters
- Endodontic Division, Department of Preventive Dentistry, Cariology and Periodontology, University of Zurich, Switzerland.
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