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De Gasperin O, Blacher P, Sarton-Lohéac S, Grasso G, Corliss MK, Nicole S, Chérasse S, Aron S, Chapuisat M. A supergene-controlling social structure in Alpine ants also affects the dispersal ability and fecundity of each sex. Proc Biol Sci 2024; 291:20240494. [PMID: 38864332 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2024.0494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Social organization, dispersal and fecundity coevolve, but whether they are genetically linked remains little known. Supergenes are prime candidates for coupling adaptive traits and mediating sex-specific trade-offs. Here, we test whether a supergene that controls social structure in Formica selysi also influences dispersal-related traits and fecundity within each sex. In this ant species, single-queen colonies contain only the ancestral supergene haplotype M and produce MM queens and M males, while multi-queen colonies contain the derived haplotype P and produce MP queens, PP queens and P males. By combining multiple experiments, we show that the M haplotype induces phenotypes with higher dispersal potential and higher fecundity in both sexes. Specifically, MM queens, MP queens and M males are more aerodynamic and more fecund than PP queens and P males, respectively. Differences between MP and PP queens from the same colonies reveal a direct genetic effect of the supergene on dispersal-related traits and fecundity. The derived haplotype P, associated with multi-queen colonies, produces queens and males with reduced dispersal abilities and lower fecundity. More broadly, similarities between the Formica and Solenopsis systems reveal that supergenes play a major role in linking behavioural, morphological and physiological traits associated with intraspecific social polymorphisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ornela De Gasperin
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne , Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
- Red de Ecoetología, Instituto de Ecología, A. C. , Xalapa, Veracruz 91073, Mexico
| | - Pierre Blacher
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne , Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Solenn Sarton-Lohéac
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne , Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Guglielmo Grasso
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne , Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
- University of Manchester , Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Mia Kotur Corliss
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne , Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Sidonie Nicole
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne , Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | | | - Serge Aron
- Universite libre de Bruxelles , Brussels 1050, Belgium
| | - Michel Chapuisat
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne , Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
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2
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Al Hikmani H, van Oosterhout C, Birley T, Labisko J, Jackson HA, Spalton A, Tollington S, Groombridge JJ. Can genetic rescue help save Arabia's last big cat? Evol Appl 2024; 17:e13701. [PMID: 38784837 PMCID: PMC11113348 DOI: 10.1111/eva.13701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Genetic diversity underpins evolutionary potential that is essential for the long-term viability of wildlife populations. Captive populations harbor genetic diversity potentially lost in the wild, which could be valuable for release programs and genetic rescue. The Critically Endangered Arabian leopard (Panthera pardus nimr) has disappeared from most of its former range across the Arabian Peninsula, with fewer than 120 individuals left in the wild, and an additional 64 leopards in captivity. We (i) examine genetic diversity in the wild and captive populations to identify global patterns of genetic diversity and structure; (ii) estimate the size of the remaining leopard population across the Dhofar mountains of Oman using spatially explicit capture-recapture models on DNA and camera trap data, and (iii) explore the impact of genetic rescue using three complementary computer modeling approaches. We estimated a population size of 51 (95% CI 32-79) in the Dhofar mountains and found that 8 out of 25 microsatellite alleles present in eight loci in captive leopards were undetected in the wild. This includes two alleles present only in captive founders known to have been wild-sourced from Yemen, which suggests that this captive population represents an important source for genetic rescue. We then assessed the benefits of reintroducing novel genetic diversity into the wild population as well as the risks of elevating the genetic load through the release of captive-bred individuals. Simulations indicate that genetic rescue can improve the long-term viability of the wild population by reducing its genetic load and realized load. The model also suggests that the genetic load has been partly purged in the captive population, potentially making it a valuable source population for genetic rescue. However, the greater loss of its genetic diversity could exacerbate genomic erosion of the wild population during a rescue program, and these risks and benefits should be carefully evaluated. An important next step in the recovery of the Arabian leopard is to empirically validate these conclusions, implement and monitor a genomics-informed management plan, and optimize a strategy for genetic rescue as a tool to recover Arabia's last big cat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Al Hikmani
- Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology, School of Anthropology and Conservation, Division of Human and Social SciencesUniversity of KentCanterburyKentUK
- Office for Conservation of the EnvironmentDiwan of Royal CourtMuscatOman
- The Royal Commission for AlUlaAlUlaSaudi Arabia
| | - Cock van Oosterhout
- School of Environmental SciencesUniversity of East Anglia, Norwich Research ParkNorwichUK
| | - Thomas Birley
- School of Environmental SciencesUniversity of East Anglia, Norwich Research ParkNorwichUK
| | - Jim Labisko
- Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology, School of Anthropology and Conservation, Division of Human and Social SciencesUniversity of KentCanterburyKentUK
- Centre for Biodiversity and Environment Research, Research Department of Genetics, Evolution and EnvironmentUniversity College LondonLondonUK
- Island Biodiversity and Conservation CentreUniversity of SeychellesVictoriaSeychelles
- Department of Life SciencesThe Natural History MuseumLondonUK
| | - Hazel A. Jackson
- Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology, School of Anthropology and Conservation, Division of Human and Social SciencesUniversity of KentCanterburyKentUK
| | | | - Simon Tollington
- Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology, School of Anthropology and Conservation, Division of Human and Social SciencesUniversity of KentCanterburyKentUK
- School of Animal Rural and Environmental SciencesNottingham Trent UniversityNottinghamUK
| | - Jim J. Groombridge
- Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology, School of Anthropology and Conservation, Division of Human and Social SciencesUniversity of KentCanterburyKentUK
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3
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Wang J, Bourke AFG. Parentage exclusion of close relatives in haplodiploid species. Theor Popul Biol 2023; 154:40-50. [PMID: 37640113 DOI: 10.1016/j.tpb.2023.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Parentage exclusion probability is usually calculated to evaluate the informativeness of a set of markers for, and the statistical power of, a parentage analysis. Equations for parentage exclusion probability have been derived in various scenarios such as paternity exclusion when maternity is known or unknown or when candidate males are unrelated or loosely related (being from the same subpopulation) to the father. All previous work assumes a diploid species. Although marker-based parentage analyses have been conducted in haploidiploid species (such as ants, bees and wasps) for diploid offspring at the individual level or haploid offspring at the class level, rigorously derived formulations of parentage exclusion probability for haploid offspring at the individual level are lacking, which prevents the precise evaluation of the informativeness for and the statistical power of a parentage analysis. In this study we derive equations for the exclusion probability of maternity of a haploid male when multiple mother candidates (workers or queens) are unrelated or fullsibs to the mother. The usefulness of the equations is exemplified by numerical examples, and the results are discussed in the context of the study of worker reproductivity in eusocial haplodiploid species. The results are especially valuable for an optimal experimental design in determining sampling intensities (e.g. number of markers and number of individuals) to achieve satisfactory statistical power of a parentage analysis in investigating workers' reproductivity in eusocial haplodiploid species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinliang Wang
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, London NW1 4RY, United Kingdom.
| | - Andrew F G Bourke
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
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4
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Azevedo-Silva M, Lemos ASM, Gonçalves-Neto S, Salles LFP, Pereyra M, Christianini AV, Souza AP, Oliveira PS. Are There Edge Effects on the Genetic Diversity of the Trap-Jaw Ant Odontomachus chelifer (Formicidae: Ponerinae) in a Neotropical Savanna Fragment? A First Assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY 2023; 52:279-285. [PMID: 36745143 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvad008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Habitat fragmentation is considered an important threat to biodiversity, increasing species exposure to edge effects. The Brazilian Cerrado savanna is considered a biodiversity hotspot and has been converted to small, isolated fragments due to human activities. Ant communities and colony survivorship are known to be affected by edge effects in Cerrado, but to date there is no information on the genetic diversity of ant colonies at the edge of fragmented areas. Here, we investigate if colony genetic diversity and structure of Odontomachus chelifer (Latreille) ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) are subject to edge effects in a Cerrado reserve in southeast Brazil. Using microsatellites, we evaluated the number of breeders (queens and males) and the genetic diversity in O. chelifer colonies located in the interior versus edge of a Cerrado fragment. All O. chelifer nests had multiple queens, which presented a low mating frequency. The number of breeders and most estimates of genetic diversity did not differ between colonies at the edge versus interior of the fragment. Genetic structure was not influenced by nest location as well. However, we detected a small and positive increase in the observed heterozygosity in colonies located at fragment edges. High heterozygosity is thought to be particularly important in fast-changing environments, such as edges, providing an advantage for genetic diversity. Further investigation is needed to assess in greater detail how habitat loss affects O. chelifer biology. Our study is a first step toward elucidating edge effects on genetic diversity of ant colonies, a topic still poorly explored in tropical environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Azevedo-Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Alessandra S M Lemos
- Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Salatiel Gonçalves-Neto
- Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Luís F P Salles
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Mariana Pereyra
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal, UNC-CONICET, Córdoba, Argentina
| | | | - Anete P Souza
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Centro de Biologia Molecular e Engenharia Genética, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo S Oliveira
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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5
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Modi S, Mondol S, Ghaskadbi P, Nigam P, Habib B. Genetic evidence of differential dispersal pattern in the Asiatic wild dog: Comparing two populations with different pack sizes. Front Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.993851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
IntroductionDispersal is a multi-causal, crucial life-history event in shaping the genetic and behavioral structure of mammals. We assessed the dispersal pattern of dholes aka Asiatic wild dog (Cuon alpinus), a social monogamous mammal at two tiger reserves of Maharashtra with different degrees of pack size and competition with tigers i.e. Tadoba-Andhari (TATR, smaller pack size, higher tiger density) and Nawegaon-Nagzira (NNTR, larger pack size, lower tiger density).MethodsWe used the microsatellite data of 174 individual genotypes (98 males and 67 females) to assess the dispersal pattern of dholes from two populations with varying pack size, tiger density, and landscape connectivity using gene flow as a proxy. We compared the population structure, pairwise F statistics, assignment index, and relatedness across a spatial scale.Results and discussionOverall, the results suggested a difference in sex-bias dispersal pattern for the two sub-populations, exhibiting significant results for female-biased dispersal in the TATR population with a smaller pack size and higher tiger density. Our study highlights the variability in sex-biased dispersal patterns in two different populations which could be the consequence of different variables such as pack size, tiger density, and geographical scale. The study warrants further quantitative investigation including several factors such as individual behavior, pack composition, pack size, tiger density, etc. In the present Anthropocene era, determining the sex bias in dispersal patterns for a short-range, pack-living carnivore will help in devising an effective conservation management plan for their long-term survival.
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6
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Noguerales V, Ortego J. Genomic evidence of speciation by fusion in a recent radiation of grasshoppers. Evolution 2022; 76:2618-2633. [PMID: 35695020 PMCID: PMC9796961 DOI: 10.1111/evo.14508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Postdivergence gene flow can trigger a number of creative evolutionary outcomes, ranging from the transfer of beneficial alleles across species boundaries (i.e., adaptive introgression) to the formation of new species (i.e., hybrid speciation). Although neutral and adaptive introgression has been broadly documented in nature, hybrid speciation is assumed to be rare and the evolutionary and ecological context facilitating this phenomenon still remains controversial. Through combining genomic and phenotypic data, we evaluate the hypothesis that the dual feeding regime (based on both scrub legumes and gramineous herbs) of the taxonomically controversial grasshopper Chorthippus saulcyi algoaldensis resulted from hybridization between the sister taxa C. binotatus (that exclusively feeds on scrub legumes) and C. saulcyi (that only feeds on gramineous herbs). Genetic clustering analyses and inferences from coalescent-based demographic simulations confirm that C. s. algoaldensis represents an independently evolving lineage and support the ancient hybrid origin of this taxon (about 1.4 Ma), which sheds light on its uncertain phylogenetic position and might explain its broader trophic niche. We propose a Pleistocene hybrid speciation model where range shifts resulting from climatic oscillations can promote the formation of hybrid swarms and facilitate their long-term persistence through geographic isolation from parental forms in topographically complex landscapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Noguerales
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of CyprusNicosia1678Cyprus,Island Ecology and Evolution GroupInstituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología (IPNA‐CSIC)San Cristóbal de La Laguna38206Spain
| | - Joaquín Ortego
- Department of Integrative EcologyEstación Biológica de Doñana (EBD‐CSIC)Sevilla41092Spain
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7
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Henson LH, Service C, Stronen AV, Moody J, Housty W, Reece D, vonHoldt B, Darimont CT. Genetic evidence to inform management of rare genetic variants and gene flow: Balancing the conservation of the rare “Spirit bear” allele and population genetic diversity across a complex landscape. CONSERVATION SCIENCE AND PRACTICE 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/csp2.12769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren H. Henson
- Department of Geography University of Victoria Victoria British Columbia Canada
- Raincoast Conservation Foundation Sidney British Columbia Canada
| | - Christina Service
- Kitasoo/Xai'xais Stewardship Authority Klemtu British Columbia Canada
| | - Astrid Vik Stronen
- Department of Biology University of Ljubljana Ljubljana Slovenia
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences Insubria University Varese Italy
| | - Jason Moody
- Nuxalk Stewardship Office Bella Coola British Columbia Canada
| | - William Housty
- Heiltsuk Integrated Resource Management Department Bella Coola British Columbia Canada
| | - Donald Reece
- Gitga'at Oceans and Lands Department Hartley Bay British Columbia Canada
| | - Bridgett vonHoldt
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Princeton University Princeton New Jersey USA
| | - Chris T. Darimont
- Department of Geography University of Victoria Victoria British Columbia Canada
- Raincoast Conservation Foundation Sidney British Columbia Canada
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8
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Hemstrom WB, Freedman MG, Zalucki MP, Ramírez SR, Miller MR. Population genetics of a recent range expansion and subsequent loss of migration in monarch butterflies. Mol Ecol 2022; 31:4544-4557. [PMID: 35779004 PMCID: PMC9546011 DOI: 10.1111/mec.16592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Range expansions—whether permanent or transient—strongly influence the distribution of genetic variation in space. Monarch butterflies are best known for long‐distance seasonal migration within North America but are also established as nonmigratory populations around the world, including on Pacific Islands. Previous research has highlighted stepwise expansion across the Pacific, though questions remain about expansion timing and the population genetic consequences of migration loss. Here, we present reduced‐representation sequencing data for 275 monarchs from North America (n = 85), 12 Pacific Islands (n = 136) and three locations in Australia (n = 54), with the goal of understanding (i) how the monarch's Pacific expansion has shaped patterns of population genetic variation and (ii) how loss of migration has influenced spatial patterns of differentiation. We find support for previously described stepwise dispersal across the Pacific and document an additional expansion from Hawaii into the Mariana Islands. Nonmigratory monarchs within the Mariana Islands show strong patterns of differentiation, despite their proximity; by contrast, migratory North American samples form a single genetically panmictic population across the continent. Estimates of Pacific establishment timing are highly uncertain (~100–1,000,000 years ago) but overlap with historical records that indicate a recent expansion. Our data support (i) a recent expansion across the Pacific whose timing overlaps with available historical records of establishment and (ii) a strong role for seasonal migration in determining patterns of spatial genetic variation. Our results are noteworthy because they demonstrate how the evolution of partial migration can drive population differentiation over contemporary timescales.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Micah G Freedman
- Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis.,Center for Population Biology, University of California, Davis
| | - Myron P Zalucki
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Santiago R Ramírez
- Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis.,Center for Population Biology, University of California, Davis
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9
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Fontcuberta A, Kapun M, Tran Van P, Purcell J, Chapuisat M. Effects of social organization and elevation on spatial genetic structure in a montane ant. Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e8813. [PMID: 35600679 PMCID: PMC9108227 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.8813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Amaranta Fontcuberta
- Department of Ecology and Evolution University of Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Martin Kapun
- Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology Department of Cell and Developmental Biology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
- Natural History Museum of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Patrick Tran Van
- Department of Ecology and Evolution University of Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Jessica Purcell
- Department of Ecology and Evolution University of Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland
- Department of Entomology University of California Riverside California USA
| | - Michel Chapuisat
- Department of Ecology and Evolution University of Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland
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10
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OUP accepted manuscript. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blac025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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11
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Nichols HJ, Fuchs B, Paijmans AJ, Lewis G, Bonin CA, Goebel ME, Hoffman JI. Where are the beachmasters? Unexpectedly weak polygyny among southern elephant seals on a South Shetland Island. J Zool (1987) 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jzo.12936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H. J. Nichols
- Department of Biosciences Swansea University Swansea UK
- Department of Animal Behaviour University of Bielefeld Bielefeld Germany
| | - B. Fuchs
- Department of Animal Behaviour University of Bielefeld Bielefeld Germany
| | - A. J. Paijmans
- Department of Animal Behaviour University of Bielefeld Bielefeld Germany
| | - G. Lewis
- Department of Biosciences Swansea University Swansea UK
| | - C. A. Bonin
- Department of Marine and Environmental Sciences Hampton University Hampton USA
| | - M. E. Goebel
- Institute of Marine Sciences University of California Santa Cruz Santa Cruz CA USA
| | - J. I. Hoffman
- Department of Animal Behaviour University of Bielefeld Bielefeld Germany
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12
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Rampersad SN. Spatial pattern of genetic diversity in field populations of Fusarium incarnatum-equiseti species complex. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:9010-9020. [PMID: 34257941 PMCID: PMC8258202 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusarium is associated with a number of wilt, blight, scab, and rot diseases in a range of economically important staple food crops worldwide. An assessment of the genetic structure and population stratification of Fusarium incarnatum-equiseti species complex (FIESC) pathogen populations is important to understand the evolutionary potential of such populations in adapting to environmental change. Based on intersimple sequence repeat polymerase chain reaction (ISSR-PCR), it was found that the pathogen population was structured into three genetic clusters for which genetic differentiation was higher within than among populations. There was high intrapopulation genetic diversity for population 1 (94.63%) which consisted largely of isolates collected from North Trinidad. Populations 2 and 3 had a low level of admixture among the populations based on overall population differentiation. Population 1 accounted for the highest amount of genetic variation (95.82%) followed by populations 2 and 3. Population stratification was reflected in the dendrogram topology, which consisted of three main genetic clusters and which coincided with the outcome of Bayesian and PCoA analyses. The populations were isolated by distance, and Voronoi tessellations indicated physical or structural barriers to gene flow which contributed to restricted admixture between two of three populations. These findings suggest a high evolutionary potential for this FIESC pathogen population, the implications of which directly affect disease management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sephra N. Rampersad
- Dept. of Life SciencesFaculty of Science and TechnologyThe University of the West IndiesSt. AugustineTrinidad and Tobago, West Indies
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13
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Fontcuberta A, De Gasperin O, Avril A, Dind S, Chapuisat M. Disentangling the mechanisms linking dispersal and sociality in supergene-mediated ant social forms. Proc Biol Sci 2021; 288:20210118. [PMID: 33906407 PMCID: PMC8080013 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2021.0118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The coevolution between dispersal and sociality can lead to linked polymorphisms in both traits, which may favour the emergence of supergenes. Supergenes have recently been found to control social organization in several ant lineages. Whether and how these 'social supergenes' also control traits related to dispersal is yet unknown. Our goal here was to get a comprehensive view of the dispersal mechanisms associated with supergene-controlled alternative social forms in the ant Formica selysi. We measured the production and emission of young females and males by single-queen (monogyne) and multiple-queen (polygyne) colonies, the composition of mating aggregations, and the frequency of crosses within and between social forms in the wild. We found that males and females from alternative social forms did not display strong differences in their propensity to leave the nest and disperse, nor in their mating behaviour. Instead, the social forms differed substantially in sex allocation. Monogyne colonies produced 90% of the females flying to swarms, whereas 57% of the males in swarms originated from polygyne colonies. Most crosses were assortative with respect to social form. However, 20% of the monogyne females did mate with polygyne males, which is surprising as this cross has never been found in mature monogyne colonies. We suggest that the polygyny-determining haplotype free rides on monogyne females, who establish independent colonies that later become polygyne. By identifying the steps in dispersal where the social forms differ, this study sheds light on the behavioural and colony-level traits linking dispersal and sociality through supergenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amaranta Fontcuberta
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ornela De Gasperin
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Amaury Avril
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sagane Dind
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michel Chapuisat
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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14
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Bothwell HM, Evans LM, Hersch-Green EI, Woolbright SA, Allan GJ, Whitham TG. Genetic data improves niche model discrimination and alters the direction and magnitude of climate change forecasts. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2021; 31:e02254. [PMID: 33159398 DOI: 10.1002/eap.2254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Ecological niche models (ENMs) have classically operated under the simplifying assumptions that there are no barriers to gene flow, species are genetically homogeneous (i.e., no population-specific local adaptation), and all individuals share the same niche. Yet, these assumptions are violated for most broadly distributed species. Here, we incorporate genetic data from the widespread riparian tree species narrowleaf cottonwood (Populus angustifolia) to examine whether including intraspecific genetic variation can alter model performance and predictions of climate change impacts. We found that (1) P. angustifolia is differentiated into six genetic groups across its range from México to Canada and (2) different populations occupy distinct climate niches representing unique ecotypes. Comparing model discriminatory power, (3) all genetically informed ecological niche models (gENMs) outperformed the standard species-level ENM (3-14% increase in AUC; 1-23% increase in pROC). Furthermore, (4) gENMs predicted large differences among ecotypes in both the direction and magnitude of responses to climate change and (5) revealed evidence of niche divergence, particularly for the Eastern Rocky Mountain ecotype. (6) Models also predicted progressively increasing fragmentation and decreasing overlap between ecotypes. Contact zones are often hotspots of diversity that are critical for supporting species' capacity to respond to present and future climate change, thus predicted reductions in connectivity among ecotypes is of conservation concern. We further examined the generality of our findings by comparing our model developed for a higher elevation Rocky Mountain species with a related desert riparian cottonwood, P. fremontii. Together our results suggest that incorporating intraspecific genetic information can improve model performance by addressing this important source of variance. gENMs bring an evolutionary perspective to niche modeling and provide a truly "adaptive management" approach to support conservation genetic management of species facing global change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen M Bothwell
- Environmental Genetics & Genomics Facility, Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, 617 South Beaver Street, PO Box 5640, Flagstaff, Arizona, 86011, USA
| | - Luke M Evans
- Environmental Genetics & Genomics Facility, Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, 617 South Beaver Street, PO Box 5640, Flagstaff, Arizona, 86011, USA
| | - Erika I Hersch-Green
- Environmental Genetics & Genomics Facility, Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, 617 South Beaver Street, PO Box 5640, Flagstaff, Arizona, 86011, USA
| | - Scott A Woolbright
- Environmental Genetics & Genomics Facility, Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, 617 South Beaver Street, PO Box 5640, Flagstaff, Arizona, 86011, USA
| | - Gerard J Allan
- Environmental Genetics & Genomics Facility, Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, 617 South Beaver Street, PO Box 5640, Flagstaff, Arizona, 86011, USA
- Merriam-Powell Center for Environmental Research, Northern Arizona University, 800 South Beaver Street, PO Box 6077, Flagstaff, Arizona, 86011, USA
| | - Thomas G Whitham
- Environmental Genetics & Genomics Facility, Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, 617 South Beaver Street, PO Box 5640, Flagstaff, Arizona, 86011, USA
- Merriam-Powell Center for Environmental Research, Northern Arizona University, 800 South Beaver Street, PO Box 6077, Flagstaff, Arizona, 86011, USA
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15
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Zahnd S, Fontcuberta A, Koken M, Cardinaux A, Chapuisat M. Fine-scale habitat heterogeneity favours the coexistence of supergene-controlled social forms in Formica selysi. BMC Ecol Evol 2021; 21:24. [PMID: 33583395 PMCID: PMC7883426 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-020-01742-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social insects vary widely in social organization, yet the genetical and ecological factors influencing this variation remain poorly known. In particular, whether spatially varying selection influences the maintenance of social polymorphisms in ants has been rarely investigated. To fill this gap, we examined whether fine-scale habitat heterogeneity contributes to the co-existence of alternative forms of social organization within populations. Single-queen colonies (monogyne social form) are generally associated with better colonization abilities, whereas multiple-queen colonies (polygyne social form) are predicted to be better competitors and monopolize saturated habitats. We hypothesize that each social form colonizes and thrives in distinct local habitats, as a result of their alternative dispersal and colony founding strategies. Here, we test this hypothesis in the Alpine silver ant, in which a supergene controls polymorphic social organization. RESULTS Monogyne and polygyne colonies predominate in distinct habitats of the same population. The analysis of 59 sampling plots distributed across six habitats revealed that single-queen colonies mostly occupy unconnected habitats that were most likely reached by flight. This includes young habitats isolated by water and old habitats isolated by vegetation. In contrast, multiple-queen colonies were abundant in young, continuous and saturated habitats. Hence, alternative social forms colonize and monopolize distinct niches at a very local scale. CONCLUSIONS Alternative social forms colonized and monopolized different local habitats, in accordance with differences in colonization and competition abilities. The monogyne social form displays a colonizer phenotype, by efficiently occupying empty habitats, while the polygyne social form exhibits a competitor phenotype, thriving in saturated habitats. The combination of the two phenotypes, coupled with fine-scale habitat heterogeneity, may allow the coexistence of alternative social forms within populations. Overall, these results suggest that spatially varying selection may be one of the mechanisms contributing to the maintenance of genetic polymorphisms in social organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sacha Zahnd
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Amaranta Fontcuberta
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Mesut Koken
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Aline Cardinaux
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michel Chapuisat
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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16
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Fine-scale genetic structure in the critically endangered red-fronted macaw in the absence of geographic and ecological barriers. Sci Rep 2021; 11:556. [PMID: 33436676 PMCID: PMC7804180 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79575-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Behavioural and socio-cultural traits are recognized in the restriction of gene flow in species with high cognitive capacity and complex societies. This isolation by social barriers has been generally overlooked in threatened species by assuming disrupted gene flow due to population fragmentation and decline. We examine the genetic structure and ecology of the global population of the Critically Endangered red-fronted macaw (Ara rubrogenys), an endemic species to the inter-Andean valleys of Bolivia. We found a fine-scale genetic structuring in four genetic clusters. Genetic diversity was higher in wild compared to captive-bred macaws, but similar to that of captive wild-caught macaws. We found no clear evidence of severe genetic erosion in the population in recent decades, but it was patent in historic times, overlapping with drastic human habitat transformation and macaw persecution over millennia. We found no evidence of geographical and ecological barriers, owing to the high dispersal ability, nesting and foraging habits between genetic clusters. The lack of genetic intermixing despite long-distance foraging and seasonal movements suggests recruitment in natal colonies and other social factors reinforcing philopatry-related genetic structure. Conservation efforts should be specifically focussed on major threats in each genetic cluster as independent conservation units, and also considered in ex-situ management.
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17
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Hataway RA, Reed DH. Genetic structure as a response to anthropogenic and extreme weather disturbances of a coastal dune dwelling spider, Arctosa sanctaerosae. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:743-752. [PMID: 33520162 PMCID: PMC7820169 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The continued increase in the number of tourists visiting the Northern Gulf Coast (NGC), USA, in the last century, and the resulting sprawl of large cities along the coast, has degraded and fragmented the available habitat of Arctosa sanctaerosae, a wolf spider endemic to the secondary dunes of the white sandy beaches of the NGC. In addition to anthropogenic disturbance to this coastal region, hurricanes are an additional and natural perturbation to the ecosystem. The data presented here explore the status of populations of this species spanning the entire known range and the factors influencing population demography including anthropogenic disturbance and severe tropical storms. Using microsatellite markers, we were able to document the genetic structure of A. sanctaerosae, including current and historic patterns of migration. These results combined with ecological and census data reveal the characteristics that have influenced population persistence: ecological variables affecting the recovery of the population clusters after severe tropical storms, genetic fragmentation due to anthropogenic disturbance, and their interaction. These findings demonstrate the significance that the high traffic beach communities of the NGC and their impact on the once intact contiguous dune ecosystem have on recovery after severe tropical storms. Contemporary modeling methods that compare current and historic levels of gene flow suggest A. sanctaerosae has experienced a single, contiguous population subdivision, and the isolates reduced in size since the onset of commercial development of the NGC. These results point to the need for monitoring of the species and increased protection for this endangered habitat.
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18
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Social Systems. Anim Behav 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-82879-0_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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19
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Muñoz-Valencia V, Kähkönen K, Montoya-Lerma J, Díaz F. Characterization of a New Set of Microsatellite Markers Suggests Polygyny and Polyandry in Atta cephalotes (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2020; 113:3021-3027. [PMID: 32964936 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toaa200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The leaf-cutting ant, Atta cephalotes L. (1758), is a major herbivore with great economic impact in the Neotropics. Because of its broad range and human-mediated dissemination, the ecology of this ant has received considerable attention; however, questions concerning its population genetics, dispersal, and social structure remain unexplored. Here, we aimed to identify and provide information on molecular and statistical performance of a suite of polymorphic microsatellite markers for A. cephalotes while demonstrating their utility for further genetic studies. We designed primer sequences targeting thousands of microsatellite loci and then screened 30 of these for amplification and polymorphism. Fifteen of these loci were selected and used to evaluate their polymorphism using 74 ants sampled from 15 different nests of the same location. This set of 15 loci exhibited variation of 2-20 alleles, with a mean heterozygosity of 0.57. All loci followed Hardy-Weinberg expectations with no evidence of linkage disequilibrium, while two loci showed evidence of null alleles. Our preliminary analysis suggested substantial nest differentiation with no population viscosity within the sampled location, as well as colonies with multiple queens (polygyny) and paternity (polyandry). Our newly identified microsatellites have proven to be highly informative to investigate gene flow, social structure and reproduction of this key agricultural pest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Muñoz-Valencia
- Grupo de Ecología de Agroecosistemas y Hábitats Naturales, Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Science, Universidad del Valle, Meléndez campus, Cali, Colombia
| | - Kirsi Kähkönen
- Organismal and Evolutionary Research Program, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - James Montoya-Lerma
- Grupo de Ecología de Agroecosistemas y Hábitats Naturales, Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Science, Universidad del Valle, Meléndez campus, Cali, Colombia
| | - Fernando Díaz
- Department of Entomology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
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20
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Azevedo-Silva M, Mori GM, Carvalho CS, Côrtes MC, Souza AP, Oliveira PS. Breeding systems and genetic diversity in tropical carpenter ant colonies: different strategies for similar outcomes in Brazilian Cerrado savanna. Zool J Linn Soc 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
AbstractEusocial insects tend to present low genetic diversity (GD) within colonies, which can increase with the co-occurrence of multiple queens (polygyny) or with multiple mating by a single queen (polyandry). Therefore, it is important to elucidate how these strategies influence GD, which in turn mediate population ecology and how organisms respond to their environment. We studied two carpenter ant species from the Brazilian savanna, Camponotus renggeri and C. rufipes. Using microsatellites, we evaluated the number of breeders, the genetic relatedness and the contribution of polygyny and polyandry to GD within colonies. Both species exhibited facultative polygyny. In C. renggeri, low related queens formed colonies jointly and present low mating frequency. In this species, colony GD increased with the number of queens. Contrastingly, closely related queens of C. rufipes formed polygynous colonies, exhibiting high mating frequency. In C. rufipes, both queens and males contributed to colony GD. Despite the differences, the two species have similar GD at the colony scale. Under low mating frequency, our data support that polygyny has evolutionary importance for increasing GD in ant colonies, a mechanism mainly conferred to polyandry. Although the impact of GD in variable ecological and adaptive contexts remains uncertain, this study highlights how distinct reproductive strategies may generate similar patterns of GD in ants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Azevedo-Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas SP, Brazil
| | - Gustavo M Mori
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, São Vicente SP, Brazil
| | | | - Marina C Côrtes
- Departamento de Biodiversidade, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Rio Claro SP, Brazil
| | - Anete P Souza
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Centro de Biologia Molecular e Engenharia Genética, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo S Oliveira
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas SP, Brazil
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21
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Lecocq de Pletincx N, Aron S. Sociogenetic Organization of the Red Honey Ant ( Melophorus bagoti). INSECTS 2020; 11:E755. [PMID: 33158025 PMCID: PMC7693516 DOI: 10.3390/insects11110755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Kin selection and inclusive fitness are thought to be key factors explaining the reproductive altruism displayed by workers in eusocial insect species. However, when a colony's queen has mated with <2 males, workers may increase their fitness by producing their own male offspring. Conversely, when the queen has mated with ≥2 males, workers are expected to increase their inclusive fitness by eschewing the production of their sons and preventing other workers from reproducing as well. Here, we investigated sociogenetic structure and worker reproduction in the red honey ant, Melophorus bagoti. Morphometric analyses revealed that workers belong to one of two distinct subcastes: they are either majors or minors. Using DNA microsatellite markers, we showed that all the colonies had a single, multiple-mated queen and that there was no relationship between worker patriline and worker subcaste. Furthermore, we found that workers were producing males in the presence of the queen, which contrasts with the predictions of inclusive fitness theory. Although our results are based on a small sample, they can serve as the foundation for future research examining worker reproduction in M. bagoti.
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22
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LaCava MEF, Gagne RB, Stowell SML, Gustafson KD, Buerkle CA, Knox L, Ernest HB. Pronghorn population genomics show connectivity in the core of their range. J Mammal 2020; 101:1061-1071. [PMID: 33100929 DOI: 10.1093/jmammal/gyaa054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Preserving connectivity in the core of a species' range is crucial for long-term persistence. However, a combination of ecological characteristics, social behavior, and landscape features can reduce connectivity among wildlife populations and lead to genetic structure. Pronghorn (Antilocapra americana), for example, exhibit fluctuating herd dynamics and variable seasonal migration strategies, but GPS tracking studies show that landscape features such as highways impede their movements, leading to conflicting hypotheses about expected levels of genetic structure. Given that pronghorn populations declined significantly in the early 1900s, have only partially recovered, and are experiencing modern threats from landscape modification, conserving connectivity among populations is important for their long-term persistence in North America. To assess the genetic structure and diversity of pronghorn in the core of their range, we genotyped 4,949 genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphisms and 11 microsatellites from 398 individuals throughout the state of Wyoming. We found no evidence of genetic subdivision and minimal evidence of isolation by distance despite a range that spans hundreds of kilometers, multiple mountain ranges, and three interstate highways. In addition, a rare variant analysis using putatively recent mutations found no genetic division between pronghorn on either side of a major highway corridor. Although we found no evidence that barriers to daily and seasonal movements of pronghorn impede gene flow, we suggest periodic monitoring of genetic structure and diversity as a part of management strategies to identify changes in connectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie E F LaCava
- Wildlife Genomics and Disease Ecology Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA.,Program in Ecology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA
| | - Roderick B Gagne
- Wildlife Genomics and Disease Ecology Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Sierra M Love Stowell
- Wildlife Genomics and Disease Ecology Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA
| | - Kyle D Gustafson
- Wildlife Genomics and Disease Ecology Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA.,Department of Biology and Environmental Health, Missouri Southern State University, Joplin, MO, USA
| | - C Alex Buerkle
- Program in Ecology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA.,Department of Botany, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA
| | - Lee Knox
- Wyoming Game and Fish Department, Laramie, WY, USA
| | - Holly B Ernest
- Wildlife Genomics and Disease Ecology Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA.,Program in Ecology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA
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23
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Masoni A, Frizzi F, Natali C, Ciofi C, Santini G. Mating frequency and colony genetic structure analyses reveal unexpected polygyny in the Mediterranean acrobat ant Crematogaster scutellaris. ETHOL ECOL EVOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/03949370.2019.1680449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Masoni
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino (Firenze), Italy
| | - Filippo Frizzi
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino (Firenze), Italy
| | - Chiara Natali
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino (Firenze), Italy
| | - Claudio Ciofi
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino (Firenze), Italy
| | - Giacomo Santini
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino (Firenze), Italy
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24
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Moore JA, McCluskey EM, Gould B, Laarman P, Sapak J. Nest-Site Fidelity and Sex-Biased Dispersal Affect Spatial Genetic Structure of Eastern Box Turtles (Terrapene carolina carolina) at Their Northern Range Edge. COPEIA 2020. [DOI: 10.1643/ce-19-206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer A. Moore
- Biology Department, Grand Valley State University, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, Michigan 49401; (JAM) ; (EMM) ; and (PL) . Send reprint requests to JAM
| | - Eric M. McCluskey
- Biology Department, Grand Valley State University, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, Michigan 49401; (JAM) ; (EMM) ; and (PL) . Send reprint requests to JAM
| | - Breanna Gould
- Luna College, 366 Luna Drive, Las Vegas, New Mexico 87701;
| | - Patrick Laarman
- Biology Department, Grand Valley State University, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, Michigan 49401; (JAM) ; (EMM) ; and (PL) . Send reprint requests to JAM
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25
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Mângia S, Oliveira EF, Santana DJ, Koroiva R, Paiva F, Garda AA. Revising the taxonomy of
Proceratophrys
Miranda‐Ribeiro, 1920 (Anura: Odontophrynidae) from the Brazilian semiarid Caatinga: Morphology, calls and molecules support a single widespread species. J ZOOL SYST EVOL RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/jzs.12365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Mângia
- Departamento de Sistemática e Ecologia Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Zoologia) Universidade Federal da Paraı́ba João Pessoa Brazil
| | - Eliana Faria Oliveira
- Instituto de Biociências Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul Cidade Universitária Campo Grande Brazil
| | - Diego José Santana
- Instituto de Biociências Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul Cidade Universitária Campo Grande Brazil
| | - Ricardo Koroiva
- Laboratório de Citotaxonomia e Insetos Aquáticos Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia Manaus Brazil
| | - Fernando Paiva
- Instituto de Biociências Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul Cidade Universitária Campo Grande Brazil
| | - Adrian Antonio Garda
- Departamento de Botânica e Zoologia Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte Natal Brazil
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26
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Engelbrecht HM, Branch WR, Greenbaum E, Burger M, Conradie W, Tolley KA. African Herald snakes,
Crotaphopeltis
, show population structure for a widespread generalist but deep genetic divergence for forest specialists. J ZOOL SYST EVOL RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/jzs.12361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hanlie M. Engelbrecht
- South African National Biodiversity Institute Kirstenbosch Research Centre Claremont South Africa
- Department of Botany & Zoology Stellenbosch University Matieland South Africa
| | - William R. Branch
- Port Elizabeth Museum (Bayworld) Port Elizabeth South Africa
- Department of Zoology Nelson Mandela University Port Elizabeth South Africa
| | - Eli Greenbaum
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Texas at El Paso El Paso TX USA
| | - Marius Burger
- African Amphibian Conservation Research Group Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management North‐West University Potchefstroom South Africa
- Flora Fauna & Man Ecological Services Ltd. Tortola British Virgin Islands
| | - Werner Conradie
- Port Elizabeth Museum (Bayworld) Port Elizabeth South Africa
- School of Natural Resource Management Nelson Mandela University George South Africa
- National Geographic Okovango Wilderness ProjectThe Wild Bird Trust Parktown South Africa
| | - Krystal A. Tolley
- South African National Biodiversity Institute Kirstenbosch Research Centre Claremont South Africa
- Centre for Ecological Genomics and Wildlife Conservation University of Johannesburg Auckland Park South Africa
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27
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Mačát Z, Rulík M, Jablonski D, Reiter A, Jeřábková L, Rada S, Mikulíček P. Species-specific habitat preferences do not shape the structure of a crested newt hybrid zone ( Triturus cristatus x T. carnifex). Ecol Evol 2019; 9:12446-12458. [PMID: 31788189 PMCID: PMC6875670 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.5683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Revised: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Reproductive isolation barriers maintain the integrity of species by preventing interspecific gene flow. They involve temporal, habitat or behavioral isolation acting before fertilization, and postzygotic isolation manifested as hybrid mortality or sterility. One of the approaches of how to study reproductive isolation barriers is through the analysis of hybrid zones. In this paper, we describe the structure of a hybrid zone between two crested newt species (Triturus cristatus and T. carnifex) in the southern part of the Czech Republic using morphological, microsatellite, and mitochondrial (mtDNA) markers. Specifically, we tested the hypothesis that the structure of the hybrid zone is maintained by species-specific habitat preferences. Comparing the genetic structure of populations with geographical and ecological parameters, we found that the hybrid zone was structured primarily geographically, with T. cristatus-like populations occurring in the northeast and T. carnifex-like populations in the southwest. Despite T. cristatus tending to occur in deeper ponds and T. carnifex on localities with more shading, the effect of both ecological parameters on the structure of the zone was minimal. Next, we corroborated that T. carnifex individuals and some hybrids possess mtDNA of T. dobrogicus, whose nuclear background was not detected in the studied hybrid zone. Hybridization between T. carnifex and T. dobrogicus (resulting in unidirectional mtDNA introgression) had to predate subsequent formation of the hybrid zone between T. cristatus and T. carnifex. Populations of crested newts in the southern part of the Czech Republic thus represent a genetic mosaic of nuclear and mitochondrial genomes of three species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zdeněk Mačát
- Department of Ecology and Environmental SciencesPalacky UniversityOlomoucCzech Republic
| | - Martin Rulík
- Department of Ecology and Environmental SciencesPalacky UniversityOlomoucCzech Republic
| | | | | | - Lenka Jeřábková
- Nature Conservation Agency of the Czech RepublicPrahaCzech Republic
| | - Stanislav Rada
- Department of Ecology and Environmental SciencesPalacky UniversityOlomoucCzech Republic
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28
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Liu L, Zhang Y, Hu X, Lü Z, Liu B, Jiang LH, Gong L. Multiple paternity assessed in the cuttlefish Sepiella japonica (Mollusca, Cephalopoda) using microsatellite markers. Zookeys 2019; 880:33-42. [PMID: 31649480 PMCID: PMC6803358 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.880.33569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple paternity was demonstrated for seven clutches of eggs and 40 offspring sampled from these clutches in the cuttlefish Sepiella japonica from Fujian Shacheng Harbor Cultivation Base (Fujian Province, China), using four microsatellite DNA markers. It was observed that female cuttlefish copulated with different males. In this study, genotyping data suggest that at least three paternal allele genotypes were present in all seven clutches indicating that at least two males were responsible for each brood. Combined with behavioral observations, this study provides evidence for sperm competition and multiple paternity in S. japonica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqin Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory of Marine Germplasm Resources Exploration and Utilization, College of Marine Sciences and Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China Zhejiang Ocean University Zhoushan China.,National Engineering Research Center for Facilitated Marine Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China Zhejiang Ocean University Zhoushan China
| | - Yao Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Marine Germplasm Resources Exploration and Utilization, College of Marine Sciences and Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China Zhejiang Ocean University Zhoushan China
| | - Xiaoyu Hu
- National Engineering Laboratory of Marine Germplasm Resources Exploration and Utilization, College of Marine Sciences and Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China Zhejiang Ocean University Zhoushan China
| | - Zhenming Lü
- National Engineering Laboratory of Marine Germplasm Resources Exploration and Utilization, College of Marine Sciences and Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China Zhejiang Ocean University Zhoushan China.,National Engineering Research Center for Facilitated Marine Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China Zhejiang Ocean University Zhoushan China
| | - Bingjian Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory of Marine Germplasm Resources Exploration and Utilization, College of Marine Sciences and Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China Zhejiang Ocean University Zhoushan China
| | - Li Hua Jiang
- National Engineering Research Center for Facilitated Marine Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China Zhejiang Ocean University Zhoushan China
| | - Li Gong
- National Engineering Laboratory of Marine Germplasm Resources Exploration and Utilization, College of Marine Sciences and Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China Zhejiang Ocean University Zhoushan China
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29
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Pattern of population structuring between Belgian and Estonian bumblebees. Sci Rep 2019; 9:9651. [PMID: 31273269 PMCID: PMC6609714 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46188-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Several population genetic studies investigated the extent of gene flow and population connectivity in bumblebees. In general, no restriction in gene flow is considered for mainland populations of common bumblebee species. Whether this assumption holds true for all species is not known. An assessment of bumblebee genetic structure in the context of their geographic distribution is needed to prioritize conservation and management needs. Here, we conducted a genetic study on seven bumblebee species occurring in Belgium and Estonia. Using 16 microsatellite markers, we investigated genetic diversity and population structuring in each species. This is the first study investigating population structuring of both declining and stable bumblebee species on both small and large geographic scales. Our results showed no or only low population structuring between the populations of the restricted and declining bumblebee species on both scales, while significant structuring was found for populations of the common species on the larger scale. The latter result, which may be due to human or environmental changes in the landscape, implies the need for the conservation of also widespread bumblebee species. Conservation strategies to improve gene flow and connectivity of populations could avoid the isolation and future losses of populations of these important species.
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31
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Genetic consequences of social dynamics in the Andean condor: the role of sex and age. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00265-019-2714-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Boscari E, Abbiati M, Badalamenti F, Bavestrello G, Benedetti‐Cecchi L, Cannas R, Cau A, Cerrano C, Chimienti G, Costantini F, Fraschetti S, Ingrosso G, Marino IAM, Mastrototaro F, Papetti C, Paterno M, Ponti M, Zane L, Congiu L. A population genomics insight by 2b‐RAD reveals populations' uniqueness along the Italian coastline in
Leptopsammia pruvoti
(Scleractinia, Dendrophylliidae). DIVERS DISTRIB 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.12918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Boscari
- Department of Biology (DiBio) University of Padova Padova Italy
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa) Roma Italy
| | - Marco Abbiati
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa) Roma Italy
- Department for the Cultural heritage (DBC) University of Bologna Ravenna Italy
| | | | - Giorgio Bavestrello
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa) Roma Italy
- Department of Earth, Environment and Science (DiSTAV) University of Genova Genova Italy
| | - Lisandro Benedetti‐Cecchi
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa) Roma Italy
- Department of Biology University of Pisa Pisa Italy
| | - Rita Cannas
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa) Roma Italy
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences (DiSVA) University of Cagliari Cagliari Italy
| | - Angelo Cau
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa) Roma Italy
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences (DiSVA) University of Cagliari Cagliari Italy
| | - Carlo Cerrano
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa) Roma Italy
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences (DiSVA) Polytechnic University of Marche Ancona Italy
| | - Giovanni Chimienti
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa) Roma Italy
- Department of Biology University of Bari Aldo Moro Bari Italy
| | - Federica Costantini
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa) Roma Italy
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences (BiGeA) University of Bologna Ravenna Italy
| | - Simonetta Fraschetti
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa) Roma Italy
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn Napoli Italy
- Department of Biology University of Napoli Federico II Napoli Italy
| | - Gianmarco Ingrosso
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa) Roma Italy
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA) University of Salento Lecce Italy
| | - Ilaria A. M. Marino
- Department of Biology (DiBio) University of Padova Padova Italy
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa) Roma Italy
| | - Francesco Mastrototaro
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa) Roma Italy
- Department of Biology University of Bari Aldo Moro Bari Italy
| | - Chiara Papetti
- Department of Biology (DiBio) University of Padova Padova Italy
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa) Roma Italy
| | - Marta Paterno
- Department of Biology (DiBio) University of Padova Padova Italy
| | - Massimo Ponti
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa) Roma Italy
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences (BiGeA) University of Bologna Ravenna Italy
| | - Lorenzo Zane
- Department of Biology (DiBio) University of Padova Padova Italy
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa) Roma Italy
| | - Leonardo Congiu
- Department of Biology (DiBio) University of Padova Padova Italy
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa) Roma Italy
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Berkman LK, Frair JL, Marquardt PE, Donner DM, Kilgo JC, Whipps CM. Spatial genetic analysis of coyotes in New York State. WILDLIFE SOC B 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/wsb.960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leah K. Berkman
- The State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry1 Forestry DriveSyracuseNY13210USA
| | - Jacqueline L. Frair
- The State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry1 Forestry DriveSyracuseNY13210USA
| | - Paula E. Marquardt
- U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest ServiceNorthern Research Station5985 Highway KRhinelanderWI54501USA
| | - Deahn M. Donner
- U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest ServiceNorthern Research Station5985 Highway KRhinelanderWI54501USA
| | - John C. Kilgo
- U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest ServiceSouthern Research StationP.O. Box 700New EllentonSC29809USA
| | - Christopher M. Whipps
- The State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry1 Forestry DriveSyracuseNY13210USA
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Camacho-Alpízar A, Fuchs EJ, Barrantes G. Effect of barriers and distance on song, genetic, and morphological divergence in the highland endemic Timberline Wren (Thryorchilus browni, Troglodytidae). PLoS One 2018; 13:e0209508. [PMID: 30571751 PMCID: PMC6301610 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0209508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Populations may become isolated by distance, geographic barriers or both. Isolated populations often diverge in behavioral, morphological and genetic traits as a result of reduced inter-population gene flow. Highland species commonly present naturally fragmented distributions that confine populations to the highest mountain peaks, isolated by mountain passes and distance. The endemic Timberline Wren (Thryorchilus browni) inhabits the highlands of the Talamanca mountain range, including western Panama, and the highest peak in the Central Volcanic mountain range of Costa Rica. Using microsatellites and song recordings we studied the effect of a geographic barrier and distance on song, genetic and morphological divergence among four populations in Costa Rica. A lowland mountain pass resulted in the largest genetic, vocal, and morphological (bill length) differences among populations, likely due to reduce the gene flow. Cultural drift and assortative mating by females selecting songs from their own population likely accentuates the effect of isolation and limited gene flow between populations. This pattern of population divergence has been found in other Neotropical highland birds, but over larger geographical scales. We conclude that mountain passes and distance both reduce gene flow between populations in recently-isolated highland species with restricted distributions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eric J. Fuchs
- Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
- * E-mail:
| | - Gilbert Barrantes
- Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
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35
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Ackiss AS, Bird CE, Akita Y, Santos MD, Tachihara K, Carpenter KE. Genetic patterns in peripheral marine populations of the fusilier fish Caesio cuning within the Kuroshio Current. Ecol Evol 2018; 8:11875-11886. [PMID: 30598783 PMCID: PMC6303744 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.4644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 08/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Mayr's central-peripheral population model (CCPM) describes the marked differences between central and peripheral populations in genetic diversity, gene flow, and census size. When isolation leads to genetic divergence, these peripheral populations have high evolutionary value and can influence biogeographic patterns. In tropical marine species with pelagic larvae, powerful western-boundary currents have great potential to shape the genetic characteristics of peripheral populations at latitudinal extremes. We tested for the genetic patterns expected by the CCPM in peripheral populations that are located within the Kuroshio Current for the Indo-Pacific reef fish, Caesio cuning. METHODS We used a panel of 2,677 SNPs generated from restriction site-associated DNA (RAD) sequencing to investigate genetic diversity, relatedness, effective population size, and spatial patterns of population connectivity from central to peripheral populations of C. cuning along the Kuroshio Current. RESULTS Principal component and cluster analyses indicated a genetically distinct lineage at the periphery of the C. cuning species range and examination of SNPs putatively under divergent selection suggested potential for local adaptation in this region. We found signatures of isolation-by-distance and significant genetic differences between nearly all sites. Sites closest to the periphery exhibited increased within-population relatedness and decreased effective population size. MAIN CONCLUSIONS Despite the potential for homogenizing gene flow along the Kuroshio Current, peripheral populations in C. cuning conform to the predictions of the CCPM. While oceanography, habitat availability, and dispersal ability are all likely to shape the patterns found in C. cuning across this central-peripheral junction, the impacts of genetic drift and natural selection in increasing smaller peripheral populations appear to be probable influences on the lineage divergence found in the Ryukyu Islands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda S. Ackiss
- Department of Biological SciencesOld Dominion UniversityNorfolkVirginia
| | - Christopher E. Bird
- Department of Life SciencesTexas A&M University – Corpus ChristiCorpus ChristiTexas
| | - Yuichi Akita
- Okinawa Prefectural Fisheries Research and Extension CenterItomanOkinawaJapan
| | - Mudjekeewis D. Santos
- Genetic Fingerprinting LaboratoryNational Fisheries Research and Development InstituteQuezon CityPhilippines
| | - Katsunori Tachihara
- Laboratory of Fisheries Biology & Coral Reef Studies, Faculty of ScienceUniversity of the RyukyusRyukyusOkinawaJapan
| | - Kent E. Carpenter
- Department of Biological SciencesOld Dominion UniversityNorfolkVirginia
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36
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Milligan BG, Archer FI, Ferchaud A, Hand BK, Kierepka EM, Waples RS. Disentangling genetic structure for genetic monitoring of complex populations. Evol Appl 2018; 11:1149-1161. [PMID: 30026803 PMCID: PMC6050185 DOI: 10.1111/eva.12622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic monitoring estimates temporal changes in population parameters from molecular marker information. Most populations are complex in structure and change through time by expanding or contracting their geographic range, becoming fragmented or coalescing, or increasing or decreasing density. Traditional approaches to genetic monitoring rely on quantifying temporal shifts of specific population metrics-heterozygosity, numbers of alleles, effective population size-or measures of geographic differentiation such as FST. However, the accuracy and precision of the results can be heavily influenced by the type of genetic marker used and how closely they adhere to analytical assumptions. Care must be taken to ensure that inferences reflect actual population processes rather than changing molecular techniques or incorrect assumptions of an underlying model of population structure. In many species of conservation concern, true population structure is unknown, or structure might shift over time. In these cases, metrics based on inappropriate assumptions of population structure may not provide quality information regarding the monitored population. Thus, we need an inference model that decouples the complex elements that define population structure from estimation of population parameters of interest and reveals, rather than assumes, fine details of population structure. Encompassing a broad range of possible population structures would enable comparable inferences across biological systems, even in the face of range expansion or contraction, fragmentation, or changes in density. Currently, the best candidate is the spatial Λ-Fleming-Viot (SLFV) model, a spatially explicit individually based coalescent model that allows independent inference of two of the most important elements of population structure: local population density and local dispersal. We support increased use of the SLFV model for genetic monitoring by highlighting its benefits over traditional approaches. We also discuss necessary future directions for model development to support large genomic datasets informing real-world management and conservation issues.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anne‐Laure Ferchaud
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS)Université LavalQuébecQCCanada
| | - Brian K. Hand
- Flathead Lake Biological StationUniversity of MontanaPolsonMTUSA
| | | | - Robin S. Waples
- NOAA FisheriesNorthwest Fisheries Science CenterSeattleWAUSA
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37
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Avril A, Purcell J, Brelsford A, Chapuisat M. Asymmetric assortative mating and queen polyandry are linked to a supergene controlling ant social organization. Mol Ecol 2018; 28:1428-1438. [PMID: 30003603 DOI: 10.1111/mec.14793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Nonrecombining genomic variants underlie spectacular social polymorphisms, from bird mating systems to ant social organization. Because these "social supergenes" affect multiple phenotypic traits linked to survival and reproduction, explaining their persistence remains a substantial challenge. Here, we investigate how large nonrecombining genomic variants relate to colony social organization, mating system and dispersal in the Alpine silver ant, Formica selysi. The species has colonies headed by a single queen (monogynous) and colonies headed by multiple queens (polygynous). We confirmed that a supergene with alternate haplotypes-Sm and Sp-underlies this polymorphism in social structure: Females from mature monogynous colonies had the Sm/Sm genotype, while those from polygynous colonies were Sm/Sp and Sp/Sp. Queens heading monogynous colonies were exclusively mated with Sm males. In contrast, queens heading polygynous colonies were mated with Sp males and Sm males. Sm males, which are only produced by monogynous colonies, accounted for 22.9% of the matings with queens from mature polygynous colonies. This asymmetry between social forms in the degree of assortative mating generates unidirectional male-mediated gene flow from the monogynous to the polygynous social form. Biased gene flow was confirmed by a significantly higher number of private alleles in the polygynous social form. Moreover, heterozygous queens were three times as likely as homozygous queens to be multiply mated. This study reveals that the supergene variants jointly affect social organization and multiple components of the mating system that alter the transmission of the variants and thus influence the dynamics of the system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amaury Avril
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jessica Purcell
- Department of Entomology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California
| | - Alan Brelsford
- Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California
| | - Michel Chapuisat
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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38
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Casey CS, Orozco-terWengel P, Yaya K, Kadwell M, Fernández M, Marín JC, Rosadio R, Maturrano L, Hoces D, Hu Y, Wheeler JC, Bruford MW. Comparing genetic diversity and demographic history in co-distributed wild South American camelids. Heredity (Edinb) 2018; 121:387-400. [PMID: 30061581 DOI: 10.1038/s41437-018-0120-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Vicuñas and guanacos are two species of wild South American camelids that are key ruminants in the ecosystems where they occur. Although closely related, these species feature differing ecologies and life history characters, which are expected to influence both their genetic diversity and population differentiation at different spatial scales. Here, using mitochondrial and microsatellite genetic markers, we show that vicuña display lower genetic diversity within populations than guanaco but exhibit more structure across their Peruvian range, which may reflect a combination of natural genetic differentiation linked to geographic isolation and recent anthropogenic population declines. Coalescent-based demographic analyses indicate that both species have passed through a strong bottleneck, reducing their effective population sizes from over 20,000 to less than 1000 individuals. For vicuña, this bottleneck is inferred to have taken place ~3300 years ago, but to have occurred more recently for guanaco at ~2000 years ago. These inferred dates are considerably later than the onset of domestication (when the alpaca was domesticated from the vicuña while the llama was domesticated from the guanaco), coinciding instead with a major human population expansion following the mid-Holocene cold period. As importantly, they imply earlier declines than the well-documented Spanish conquest, where major mass mortality events were recorded for Andean human and camelid populations. We argue that underlying species' differences and recent demographic perturbations have influenced genetic diversity in modern vicuña and guanaco populations, and these processes should be carefully evaluated in the development and implementation of management strategies for these important genetic resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Casey
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cathays Park, Cardiff, CF10 3AX, UK.,School of Life Sciences, University of Lincoln, Riseholme Park, Lincoln, LN2 2LG, UK
| | - P Orozco-terWengel
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cathays Park, Cardiff, CF10 3AX, UK
| | - K Yaya
- CONOPA, Instituto de Investigación y Desarrollo de Camélidos Sudamericanos, Avenida Reusche Mz. M Lt. 4, Pachacamac, Lima 19, Peru
| | - M Kadwell
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regent's Park, London, NW1 4RY, UK
| | - M Fernández
- CONOPA, Instituto de Investigación y Desarrollo de Camélidos Sudamericanos, Avenida Reusche Mz. M Lt. 4, Pachacamac, Lima 19, Peru
| | - J C Marín
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad del Bío - Bío, Casilla 447, Chillan, Chile
| | - R Rosadio
- CONOPA, Instituto de Investigación y Desarrollo de Camélidos Sudamericanos, Avenida Reusche Mz. M Lt. 4, Pachacamac, Lima 19, Peru.,Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru
| | - L Maturrano
- CONOPA, Instituto de Investigación y Desarrollo de Camélidos Sudamericanos, Avenida Reusche Mz. M Lt. 4, Pachacamac, Lima 19, Peru.,Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru
| | - D Hoces
- CONOPA, Instituto de Investigación y Desarrollo de Camélidos Sudamericanos, Avenida Reusche Mz. M Lt. 4, Pachacamac, Lima 19, Peru
| | - Y Hu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1-5 Beichen West Road, 100101, Beijing, China
| | - J C Wheeler
- CONOPA, Instituto de Investigación y Desarrollo de Camélidos Sudamericanos, Avenida Reusche Mz. M Lt. 4, Pachacamac, Lima 19, Peru.
| | - M W Bruford
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cathays Park, Cardiff, CF10 3AX, UK. .,CONOPA, Instituto de Investigación y Desarrollo de Camélidos Sudamericanos, Avenida Reusche Mz. M Lt. 4, Pachacamac, Lima 19, Peru.
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Johansson H, Seppä P, Helanterä H, Trontti K, Sundström L. Weak population structure in the ant Formica fusca. PeerJ 2018; 6:e5024. [PMID: 29942691 PMCID: PMC6014328 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Dispersal is a fundamental trait of a species’ biology. High dispersal results in weakly structured or even panmictic populations over large areas, whereas weak dispersal enables population differentiation and strong spatial structuring. We report on the genetic population structure in the polygyne ant Formica fusca and the relative contribution of the dispersing males and females to this. We sampled 12 localities across a ∼35 km2 study area in Finland and generated mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplotype data and microsatellite data. First, we assessed queen dispersal by estimating population differentiation from mtDNA haplotype data. Second, we analysed nuclear DNA microsatellite data to determine overall population genetic substructure in the study area with principal components analysis, Bayesian clustering, hierarchical F statistics and testing for evidence of isolation-by-distance. Third, we directly compared genetic differentiation estimates from maternally inherited mtDNA and bi-parentally inherited DNA microsatellites to test for sex-bias in dispersal. Our results showed no significant spatial structure or isolation by distance in neither mtDNA nor DNA microsatellite data, suggesting high dispersal of both sexes across the study area. However, mitochondrial differentiation was weaker (Fst-mt = 0.0047) than nuclear differentiation (Fst-nuc = 0.027), which translates into a sixfold larger female migration rate compared to that of males. We conclude that the weak population substructure reflects high dispersal in both sexes, and it is consistent with F. fusca as a pioneer species exploiting unstable habitats in successional boreal forests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Johansson
- Centre of Excellence in Biological Interactions, Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Perttu Seppä
- Centre of Excellence in Biological Interactions, Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Tvärminne Research Station, University of Helsinki, Hangö, Finland
| | - Heikki Helanterä
- Centre of Excellence in Biological Interactions, Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Tvärminne Research Station, University of Helsinki, Hangö, Finland
| | - Kalevi Trontti
- Centre of Excellence in Biological Interactions, Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Liselotte Sundström
- Centre of Excellence in Biological Interactions, Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Tvärminne Research Station, University of Helsinki, Hangö, Finland
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40
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Introduction history and genetic diversity of the invasive ant Solenopsis geminata in the Galápagos Islands. Biol Invasions 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-018-1769-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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41
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Leaché AD, McElroy MT, Trinh A. A genomic evaluation of taxonomic trends through time in coast horned lizards (genus Phrynosoma). Mol Ecol 2018; 27:2884-2895. [PMID: 29742301 DOI: 10.1111/mec.14715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Revised: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Determining the boundaries between species and deciding when to describe new species are challenging practices that are particularly difficult in groups with high levels of geographic variation. The coast horned lizards (Phrynosoma blainvillii, Phrynosoma cerroense and P. coronatum) have an extensive geographic distribution spanning many distinctive ecological regions ranging from northern California to the Cape Region of Baja California, Mexico, and populations differ substantially with respect to external morphology across much of this range. The number of taxa recognized in the group has been reevaluated by herpetologists over 20 times during the last 180 years, and typically without the aid of explicit species delimitation methods, resulting in a turbulent taxonomy containing anywhere from one to seven taxa. In this study, we evaluate taxonomic trends through time by ranking 15 of these species delimitation models (SDMs) using coalescent analyses of nuclear loci and SNPs in a Bayesian model comparison framework. Species delimitation models containing more species were generally favoured by Bayesian model selection; however, several three-species models outperformed some four- and five-species SDMs, and the top-ranked model, which contained five species, outperformed all SDMs containing six species. Model performance peaked in the 1950s based on marginal likelihoods estimated from nuclear loci and SNPs. Not surprisingly, SDMs based on genetic data outperformed morphological taxonomies when using genetic data alone to evaluate models. The de novo estimation of population structure favours a three-population model that matches the currently recognized integrative taxonomy containing three species. We discuss why Bayesian model selection might favour models containing more species, and why recognizing more than three species might be warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam D Leaché
- Department of Biology and Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Matthew T McElroy
- Department of Biology and Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Anna Trinh
- Department of Biology and Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
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42
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Seri Masran SNA, Ab Majid AH. Isolation and Characterization of Novel Polymorphic Microsatellite Markers for Cimex hemipterus F. (Hemiptera: Cimicidae). JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2018; 55:760-765. [PMID: 29444240 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjy008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Due to the growing public health and tourism awareness, Cimex hemipterus Fabricius (Hemiptera: Cimicidae) has gained a great interest in increasing reported infestation cases in tropical regions of the world, including Malaysia. Since the information on the molecular ecology and population biology of this species are tremendously lacking, the isolation and development of molecular markers can be used to determine its genetic structure. In this study, novel microsatellite primers isolated from enriched genomic libraries of C. hemipterus were developed using 454 Roche shotgun sequencing. Seven validated polymorphic microsatellite primers were consistently amplified and characterized from 70 tropical bed bugs collected from seven locations throughout Malaysia. The number of alleles per locus identified ranged from 6 to 14. Comparison of loci for overall and between population were done with mean observed and expected heterozygosity were determined at 0.320 and 0.814, 0.320 and 0.727, respectively. Polymorphic information criteria (PIC) valued the markers as highly informative as PIC >0.5. Overall population, they are possibly in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium with loci Ch_09ttn, Ch_01dn, and Ch_13dn showing signs of a null allele. There were no scoring errors caused by stutter peaks, no large allele dropout was detected for all loci and showed no evidence of linkage disequilibrium. In conclusion, all seven molecular microsatellite markers identified can be beneficially used to gain more information on the population genetic structure and breeding patterns of C. hemipterus as well as the relationship of dispersal and infestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti Nor Ain Seri Masran
- Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
- Household & Structural Urban Entomology Laboratory, Vector Control Research Unit, School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Gelugor, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Abdul Hafiz Ab Majid
- Household & Structural Urban Entomology Laboratory, Vector Control Research Unit, School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Gelugor, Penang, Malaysia
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Schregel J, Remm J, Eiken HG, Swenson JE, Saarma U, Hagen SB. Multi‐level patterns in population genetics: Variogram series detects a hidden isolation‐by‐distance‐dominated structure of Scandinavian brown bears
Ursus arctos. Methods Ecol Evol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/2041-210x.12980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Schregel
- Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy ResearchNIBIO ‐ Svanhovd Svanvik Norway
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Natural Resource ManagementNorwegian University of Life Sciences Ǻs Norway
| | - Jaanus Remm
- Department of ZoologyInstitute of Ecology and Earth SciencesUniversity of Tartu Tartu Estonia
| | - Hans Geir Eiken
- Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy ResearchNIBIO ‐ Svanhovd Svanvik Norway
| | - Jon E. Swenson
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Natural Resource ManagementNorwegian University of Life Sciences Ǻs Norway
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research Trondheim Norway
| | - Urmas Saarma
- Department of ZoologyInstitute of Ecology and Earth SciencesUniversity of Tartu Tartu Estonia
| | - Snorre B. Hagen
- Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy ResearchNIBIO ‐ Svanhovd Svanvik Norway
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44
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Thrasher DJ, Butcher BG, Campagna L, Webster MS, Lovette IJ. Double-digest RAD sequencing outperforms microsatellite loci at assigning paternity and estimating relatedness: A proof of concept in a highly promiscuous bird. Mol Ecol Resour 2018; 18:953-965. [PMID: 29455472 DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.12771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Information on genetic relationships among individuals is essential to many studies of the behaviour and ecology of wild organisms. Parentage and relatedness assays based on large numbers of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci hold substantial advantages over the microsatellite markers traditionally used for these purposes. We present a double-digest restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (ddRAD-seq) analysis pipeline that, as such, simultaneously achieves the SNP discovery and genotyping steps and which is optimized to return a statistically powerful set of SNP markers (typically 150-600 after stringent filtering) from large numbers of individuals (up to 240 per run). We explore the trade-offs inherent in this approach through a set of experiments in a species with a complex social system, the variegated fairy-wren (Malurus lamberti) and further validate it in a phylogenetically broad set of other bird species. Through direct comparisons with a parallel data set from a robust panel of highly variable microsatellite markers, we show that this ddRAD-seq approach results in substantially improved power to discriminate among potential relatives and considerably more precise estimates of relatedness coefficients. The pipeline is designed to be universally applicable to all bird species (and with minor modifications to many other taxa), to be cost- and time-efficient, and to be replicable across independent runs such that genotype data from different study periods can be combined and analysed as field samples are accumulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derrick J Thrasher
- Macaulay Library, Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Bronwyn G Butcher
- Fuller Evolutionary Biology Program, Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Leonardo Campagna
- Fuller Evolutionary Biology Program, Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Michael S Webster
- Macaulay Library, Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Irby J Lovette
- Fuller Evolutionary Biology Program, Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
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45
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Harten L, Matalon Y, Galli N, Navon H, Dor R, Yovel Y. Persistent producer-scrounger relationships in bats. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2018; 4:e1603293. [PMID: 29441356 PMCID: PMC5810609 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1603293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Social foraging theory suggests that group-living animals gain from persistent social bonds, which lead to increased tolerance in competitive foraging and information sharing. Bats are among the most social mammals, often living in colonies of tens to thousands of individuals for dozens of years, yet little is known about their social foraging dynamics. We observed three captive bat colonies for over a year, quantifying >13,000 social foraging interactions. We found that individuals consistently used one of two foraging strategies, either producing (collecting) food themselves or scrounging it directly from the mouth of other individuals. Individual foraging types were consistent over at least 16 months except during the lactation period when females shifted toward producing. Scroungers intentionally selected whom to interact with when socially foraging, thus generating persistent nonrandom social relationships with two to three specific producers. These persistent producer-scrounger relationships seem to reduce aggression over time. Finally, scrounging was highly correlated with vigilance, and we hypothesize that vigilant-prone individuals turn to scrounging in the wild to mitigate the risk of landing on a potentially unsafe fruit tree. We find the bat colony to be a rich and dynamic social system, which can serve as a model to study the role that social foraging plays in the evolution of mammalian sociality. Our results highlight the importance of considering individual tendencies when exploring social behavior patterns of group-living animals. These tendencies further emphasize the necessity of studying social networks over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee Harten
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Yasmin Matalon
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Naama Galli
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Hagit Navon
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Roi Dor
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Yossi Yovel
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
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46
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Attard CRM, Beheregaray LB, Möller LM. Genotyping‐by‐sequencing for estimating relatedness in nonmodel organisms: Avoiding the trap of precise bias. Mol Ecol Resour 2018; 18:381-390. [DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.12739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine R. M. Attard
- Molecular Ecology Lab College of Science and Engineering Flinders University Adelaide SA Australia
| | - Luciano B. Beheregaray
- Molecular Ecology Lab College of Science and Engineering Flinders University Adelaide SA Australia
| | - Luciana M. Möller
- Molecular Ecology Lab College of Science and Engineering Flinders University Adelaide SA Australia
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47
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Bocedi G, Reid JM. Feed-backs among inbreeding, inbreeding depression in sperm traits, and sperm competition can drive evolution of costly polyandry. Evolution 2017; 71:2786-2802. [PMID: 28895138 PMCID: PMC5765454 DOI: 10.1111/evo.13363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Revised: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Ongoing ambitions are to understand the evolution of costly polyandry and its consequences for species ecology and evolution. Emerging patterns could stem from feed-back dynamics between the evolving mating system and its genetic environment, defined by interactions among kin including inbreeding. However, such feed-backs are rarely considered in nonselfing systems. We use a genetically explicit model to demonstrate a mechanism by which inbreeding depression can select for polyandry to mitigate the negative consequences of mating with inbred males, rather than to avoid inbreeding, and to elucidate underlying feed-backs. Specifically, given inbreeding depression in sperm traits, costly polyandry evolved to ensure female fertility, without requiring explicit inbreeding avoidance. Resulting sperm competition caused evolution of sperm traits and further mitigated the negative effect of inbreeding depression on female fertility. The evolving mating system fed back to decrease population-wide homozygosity, and hence inbreeding. However, the net overall decrease was small due to compound effects on the variances in sex-specific reproductive success and paternity skew. Purging of deleterious mutations did not eliminate inbreeding depression in sperm traits or hence selection for polyandry. Overall, our model illustrates that polyandry evolution, both directly and through sperm competition, might facilitate evolutionary rescue for populations experiencing sudden increases in inbreeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greta Bocedi
- School of Biological SciencesUniversity of AberdeenZoology BuildingTillydrone AvenueAberdeen AB24 2TZUnited Kingdom
| | - Jane M. Reid
- School of Biological SciencesUniversity of AberdeenZoology BuildingTillydrone AvenueAberdeen AB24 2TZUnited Kingdom
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48
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Hartvig I, So T, Changtragoon S, Tran HT, Bouamanivong S, Theilade I, Kjær ED, Nielsen LR. Population genetic structure of the endemic rosewoods Dalbergia cochinchinensis and D. oliveri at a regional scale reflects the Indochinese landscape and life-history traits. Ecol Evol 2017; 8:530-545. [PMID: 29321891 PMCID: PMC5756888 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.3626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Revised: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Indochina is a biodiversity hot spot and harbors a high number of endemic species, most of which are poorly studied. This study explores the genetic structure and reproductive system of the threatened endemic timber species Dalbergia cochinchinensis and Dalbergia oliveri using microsatellite data from populations across Indochina and relates it to landscape characteristics and life‐history traits. We found that the major water bodies in the region, Mekong and Tonle Sap, represented barriers to gene flow and that higher levels of genetic diversity were found in populations in the center of the distribution area, particularly in Cambodia. We suggest that this pattern is ancient, reflecting the demographic history of the species and possible location of refugia during earlier time periods with limited forest cover, which was supported by signs of old genetic bottlenecks. The D. oliveri populations had generally high levels of genetic diversity (mean He = 0.73), but also strong genetic differentiation among populations (global GST = 0.13), while D. cochinchinensis had a moderate level of genetic diversity (mean He = 0.55), and an even stronger level of differentiation (global GST = 0.25). These differences in genetic structure can be accounted for by a higher level of gene flow in D. oliveri due to a higher dispersal capacity, but also by the broader distribution area for D. oliveri, and the pioneer characteristics of D. cochinchinensis. This study represents the first detailed analysis of landscape genetics for tree species in Indochina, and the found patterns might be common for other species with similar ecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ida Hartvig
- Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management University of Copenhagen Frederiksberg C Denmark
| | - Thea So
- Institute of Forest and Wildlife Research and Development, Forestry Administration Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Phnom Penh Cambodia
| | - Suchitra Changtragoon
- Forest and Plant Conservation Research Office Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment Chatuchak, Bangkok Thailand
| | - Hoa Thi Tran
- Forest Genetics and Conservation Center for Biodiversity and Biosafety Institute of Agricultural Genetics Vietnam Academy of Agricultural Sciences Hanoi Vietnam
| | - Somsanith Bouamanivong
- National Herbarium of Laos Biotechnology and Ecology Institute Ministry of Science and Technology Vientiane Laos
| | - Ida Theilade
- Department of Food and Resource Economics University of Copenhagen Frederiksberg C Denmark
| | - Erik Dahl Kjær
- Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management University of Copenhagen Frederiksberg C Denmark
| | - Lene Rostgaard Nielsen
- Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management University of Copenhagen Frederiksberg C Denmark
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49
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Franckowiak RP, Ridgway MS, Wilson CC. Genetic mating system and mate selection in smallmouth bass. Ecol Evol 2017; 7:8864-8875. [PMID: 29152183 PMCID: PMC5677493 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.3423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Revised: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Mating systems are an important factor influencing the variance in reproductive success among individuals within natural populations and thus have important ecological and evolutionary implications. We used molecular pedigree reconstruction techniques with microsatellite DNA data to characterize the genetic mating system and mate selection in adult smallmouth bass spawning in Lake Opeongo. The genetic mating system of smallmouth bass in this system can be characterized as predominantly monogamous with a low rate of polygynandry particularly among larger individuals. Iteroparous individuals showed a complete absence of interannual mate fidelity, presumably due to the low annual return rate of spawning adults. Within a season, individuals from both sexes pursued additional mating opportunities with males showing greater variance in mate number than females. Female mate selection appeared to be largely random with little evidence for elevated levels of inbreeding in this population. Multiple mating females pursued additional males to whom they were less related than the first male with which they spawned within a given season, however, this pattern varied among years. The mating pattern observed in this population would likely limit the strength of sexual selection and thus could account for the lack of sexual dimorphism and the absence of alternative reproductive tactics in this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan P Franckowiak
- Environmental and Life Sciences Graduate Program Trent University Peterborough ON Canada
| | - Mark S Ridgway
- Harkness Laboratory of Fisheries Research Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry Aquatic Research and Monitoring Section Trent University Peterborough ON Canada
| | - Chris C Wilson
- Conservation and Genetics Laboratory Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry Aquatic Research and Monitoring Section Trent University Peterborough ON Canada
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50
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Shaw RE, Banks SC, Peakall R. The impact of mating systems and dispersal on fine-scale genetic structure at maternally, paternally and biparentally inherited markers. Mol Ecol 2017; 27:66-82. [PMID: 29154412 DOI: 10.1111/mec.14433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
For decades, studies have focused on how dispersal and mating systems influence genetic structure across populations or social groups. However, we still lack a thorough understanding of how these processes and their interaction shape spatial genetic patterns over a finer scale (tens-hundreds of metres). Using uniparentally inherited markers may help answer these questions, yet their potential has not been fully explored. Here, we use individual-level simulations to investigate the effects of dispersal and mating system on fine-scale genetic structure at autosomal, mitochondrial and Y chromosome markers. Using genetic spatial autocorrelation analysis, we found that dispersal was the major driver of fine-scale genetic structure across maternally, paternally and biparentally inherited markers. However, when dispersal was restricted (mean distance = 100 m), variation in mating behaviour created strong differences in the comparative level of structure detected at maternally and paternally inherited markers. Promiscuity reduced spatial genetic structure at Y chromosome loci (relative to monogamy), whereas structure increased under polygyny. In contrast, mitochondrial and autosomal markers were robust to differences in the specific mating system, although genetic structure increased across all markers when reproductive success was skewed towards fewer individuals. Comparing males and females at Y chromosome vs. mitochondrial markers, respectively, revealed that some mating systems can generate similar patterns to those expected under sex-biased dispersal. This demonstrates the need for caution when inferring ecological and behavioural processes from genetic results. Comparing patterns between the sexes, across a range of marker types, may help us tease apart the processes shaping fine-scale genetic structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robyn E Shaw
- Ecology and Evolution, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.,The Fenner School of Environment and Society, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Sam C Banks
- The Fenner School of Environment and Society, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Rod Peakall
- Ecology and Evolution, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
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