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Shanbhag AP. Stairway to Stereoisomers: Engineering Short- and Medium-Chain Ketoreductases To Produce Chiral Alcohols. Chembiochem 2023; 24:e202200687. [PMID: 36640298 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202200687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The short- and medium-chain dehydrogenase/reductase superfamilies are responsible for most chiral alcohol production in laboratories and industries. In nature, they participate in diverse roles such as detoxification, housekeeping, secondary metabolite production, and catalysis of several chemicals with commercial and environmental significance. As a result, they are used in industries to create biopolymers, active pharmaceutical intermediates (APIs), and are also used as components of modular enzymes like polyketide synthases for fabricating bioactive molecules. Consequently, random, semi-rational and rational engineering have helped transform these enzymes into product-oriented efficient catalysts. The rise of newer synthetic chemicals and their enantiopure counterparts has proved challenging, and engineering them has been the subject of numerous studies. However, they are frequently limited to the synthesis of a single chiral alcohol. The study attempts to defragment and describe hotspots of engineering short- and medium-chain dehydrogenases/reductases for the production of chiral synthons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirudh P Shanbhag
- Department of Biophysics, Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, 700009, India.,Bugworks Research India Pvt. Ltd., C-CAMP, National Centre for Biological Sciences (NCBS-TIFR), Bellary Road, Bangalore, 560003, India
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2
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Jia Q, Zheng YC, Li HP, Qian XL, Zhang ZJ, Xu JH. Engineering Isopropanol Dehydrogenase for Efficient Regeneration of Nicotinamide Cofactors. Appl Environ Microbiol 2022; 88:e0034122. [PMID: 35442081 PMCID: PMC9088361 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00341-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Isopropanol dehydrogenase (IPADH) is one of the most attractive options for nicotinamide cofactor regeneration due to its low cost and simple downstream processing. However, poor thermostability and strict cofactor dependency hinder its practical application for bioconversions. In this study, we simultaneously improved the thermostability (433-fold) and catalytic activity (3.3-fold) of IPADH from Brucella suis via a flexible segment engineering strategy. Meanwhile, the cofactor preference of IPADH was successfully switched from NAD(H) to NADP(H) by 1.23 × 106-fold. When these variants were employed in three typical bioredox reactions to drive the synthesis of important chiral pharmaceutical building blocks, they outperformed the commonly used cofactor regeneration systems (glucose dehydrogenase [GDH], formate dehydrogenase [FDH], and lactate dehydrogenase [LDH]) with respect to efficiency of cofactor regeneration. Overall, our study provides two promising IPADH variants with complementary cofactor specificities that have great potential for wide applications. IMPORTANCE Oxidoreductases represent one group of the most important biocatalysts for synthesis of various chiral synthons. However, their practical application was hindered by the expensive nicotinamide cofactors used. Isopropanol dehydrogenase (IPADH) is one of the most attractive biocatalysts for nicotinamide cofactor regeneration. However, poor thermostability and strict cofactor dependency hinder its practical application. In this work, the thermostability and catalytic activity of an IPADH were simultaneously improved via a flexible segment engineering strategy. Meanwhile, the cofactor preference of IPADH was successfully switched from NAD(H) to NADP(H). The resultant variants show great potential for regeneration of nicotinamide cofactors, and the engineering strategy might serve as a useful approach for future engineering of other oxidoreductases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Cong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Hai-Peng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Long Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- Suzhou Bioforany EnzyTech Co., Ltd., Changshu, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhi-Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing, School of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian-He Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing, School of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
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3
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Hao YC, Zong MH, Wang ZL, Li N. Chemoenzymatic access to enantiopure N-containing furfuryl alcohol from chitin-derived N-acetyl-D-glucosamine. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2021; 8:80. [PMID: 38650256 PMCID: PMC10992857 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-021-00435-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chiral furfuryl alcohols are important precursors for the synthesis of valuable functionalized pyranones such as the rare sugar L-rednose. However, the synthesis of enantiopure chiral biobased furfuryl alcohols remains scarce. In this work, we present a chemoenzymatic route toward enantiopure nitrogen-containing (R)- and (S)-3-acetamido-5-(1-hydroxylethyl)furan (3A5HEF) from chitin-derived N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (NAG). FINDINGS 3-Acetamido-5-acetylfuran (3A5AF) was obtained from NAG via ionic liquid/boric acid-catalyzed dehydration, in an isolated yield of approximately 31%. Carbonyl reductases from Streptomyces coelicolor (ScCR) and Bacillus sp. ECU0013 (YueD) were found to be good catalysts for asymmetric reduction of 3A5AF. Enantiocomplementary synthesis of (R)- and (S)-3A5HEF was implemented with the yields of up to > 99% and the enantiomeric excess (ee) values of > 99%. Besides, biocatalytic synthesis of (R)-3A5HEF was demonstrated on a preparative scale, with an isolated yield of 65%. CONCLUSIONS A two-step process toward the chiral furfuryl alcohol was successfully developed by integrating chemical catalysis with enzyme catalysis, with excellent enantioselectivities. This work demonstrates the power of the combination of chemo- and biocatalysis for selective valorization of biobased furans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Cheng Hao
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Min-Hua Zong
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Zhi-Lin Wang
- Agro-Biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 20 Jinying Road, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| | - Ning Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
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4
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Voss M, Küng R, Hayashi T, Jonczyk M, Niklaus M, Iding H, Wetzl D, Buller R. Multi‐faceted Set‐up of a Diverse Ketoreductase Library Enables the Synthesis of Pharmaceutically‐relevant Secondary Alcohols. ChemCatChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202001871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Voss
- Competence Center for Biocatalysis Institute for Chemistry and Biotechnology Zurich University of Applied Sciences Einsiedlerstrasse 31 8820 Wädenswil Switzerland
| | - Robin Küng
- Competence Center for Biocatalysis Institute for Chemistry and Biotechnology Zurich University of Applied Sciences Einsiedlerstrasse 31 8820 Wädenswil Switzerland
- Present address: Fisher Clinical Services Thermo Fisher Scientific Steinbühlweg 69 4123 Allschwil Switzerland
| | - Takahiro Hayashi
- Competence Center for Biocatalysis Institute for Chemistry and Biotechnology Zurich University of Applied Sciences Einsiedlerstrasse 31 8820 Wädenswil Switzerland
- Present address: Science & Innovation Center Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation 1000 Kamoshidacho Aoba ward, Yokohama Kanagawa 227-8502 Japan
| | - Magdalena Jonczyk
- Competence Center for Biocatalysis Institute for Chemistry and Biotechnology Zurich University of Applied Sciences Einsiedlerstrasse 31 8820 Wädenswil Switzerland
| | - Michael Niklaus
- Competence Center for Biocatalysis Institute for Chemistry and Biotechnology Zurich University of Applied Sciences Einsiedlerstrasse 31 8820 Wädenswil Switzerland
| | - Hans Iding
- Process Chemistry & Catalysis F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. CH-4070 Basel Switzerland
| | - Dennis Wetzl
- Process Chemistry & Catalysis F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. CH-4070 Basel Switzerland
| | - Rebecca Buller
- Competence Center for Biocatalysis Institute for Chemistry and Biotechnology Zurich University of Applied Sciences Einsiedlerstrasse 31 8820 Wädenswil Switzerland
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5
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Mordhorst S, Andexer JN. Round, round we go - strategies for enzymatic cofactor regeneration. Nat Prod Rep 2020; 37:1316-1333. [PMID: 32582886 DOI: 10.1039/d0np00004c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Covering: up to the beginning of 2020Enzymes depending on cofactors are essential in many biosynthetic pathways of natural products. They are often involved in key steps: catalytic conversions that are difficult to achieve purely with synthetic organic chemistry. Hence, cofactor-dependent enzymes have great potential for biocatalysis, on the condition that a corresponding cofactor regeneration system is available. For some cofactors, these regeneration systems require multiple steps; such complex enzyme cascades/multi-enzyme systems are (still) challenging for in vitro biocatalysis. Further, artificial cofactor analogues have been synthesised that are more stable, show an altered reaction range, or act as inhibitors. The development of bio-orthogonal systems that can be used for the production of modified natural products in vivo is an ongoing challenge. In light of the recent progress in this field, this review aims to provide an overview of general strategies involving enzyme cofactors, cofactor analogues, and regeneration systems; highlighting the current possibilities for application of enzymes using some of the most common cofactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silja Mordhorst
- Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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6
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Yamane T. Full-time dynamics of batch-wise enzymatic cycling system composed of two kinds of dehydrogenase mediated by NAD(P)H for mass production of chiral hydroxyl compounds. J Biosci Bioeng 2019; 128:337-343. [PMID: 30956102 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2019.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Enzymatic cycling system (coupled dehydrogenase-catalyzed biosystem being composed of two elementary enzymatic reactions mediated by NAD(P)H + NAD(P)+) is industrially attractive for reducing prochiral carbonyl compounds to the corresponding chiral hydroxyl compounds. The reaction rate equation of the batch-wise biosystem was generally derived by ordered Bi Bi mechanism of two-substrate enzyme reaction on several reasonable assumptions. The rate equations of the batch-wise biosystem was generalized by transforming them into the dimensionless forms. The dimensionless forms were solved numerically. It was revealed that the batch-wise biosystem was generally made up of unique 3 phases, i.e., phases I, II and III. Phase I was very short transient so that the biosystem entered rapidly phase II. In phase II the consumption rate dynamically balanced with its formation rate so that the concentration of NAD(P)H was invariable with time (and hence NAD(P)+ concentration was, too). Phase III was substrate-exhausting phase, and the coenzyme concentration became finally only [NAD(P)+] or only [NAD(P)H] depending on the initial molar ratio of the prochiral carbonyl compound to the substrate of the coenzyme regeneration reaction ( [Formula: see text] ) > or <1.0. In phases I and II the numerically calculated values of state variables were very close to the analytical but approximate ones. Preferable initial conditions of the batch-wise enzymatic cycling system, i.e., the initial coenzyme species = NAD(P)+ and [Formula: see text] , were proposed. As the main assumption irreversibility of the two elemental enzymatic reactions was discussed. Validity of the proposed rate equations was mentioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsuneo Yamane
- Graduate School of Biological and Agricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa Ward, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan.
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7
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Ying X, Zhang J, Wang C, Huang M, Ji Y, Cheng F, Yu M, Wang Z, Ying M. Characterization of a Carbonyl Reductase from Rhodococcus erythropolis WZ010 and Its Variant Y54F for Asymmetric Synthesis of ( S)- N-Boc-3-Hydroxypiperidine. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23123117. [PMID: 30487432 PMCID: PMC6321125 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23123117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Revised: 11/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The recombinant carbonyl reductase from Rhodococcus erythropolis WZ010 (ReCR) demonstrated strict (S)-stereoselectivity and catalyzed the irreversible reduction of N-Boc-3-piperidone (NBPO) to (S)-N-Boc-3-hydroxypiperidine [(S)-NBHP], a key chiral intermediate in the synthesis of ibrutinib. The NAD(H)-specific enzyme was active within broad ranges of pH and temperature and had remarkable activity in the presence of higher concentration of organic solvents. The amino acid residue at position 54 was critical for the activity and the substitution of Tyr54 to Phe significantly enhanced the catalytic efficiency of ReCR. The kcat/Km values of ReCR Y54F for NBPO, (R/S)-2-octanol, and 2-propanol were 49.17 s−1 mM−1, 56.56 s−1 mM−1, and 20.69 s−1 mM−1, respectively. In addition, the (S)-NBHP yield was as high as 95.92% when whole cells of E. coli overexpressing ReCR variant Y54F catalyzed the asymmetric reduction of 1.5 M NBPO for 12 h in the aqueous/(R/S)-2-octanol biphasic system, demonstrating the great potential of ReCR variant Y54F for practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangxian Ying
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
| | - Jie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
| | - Can Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
| | - Meijuan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
| | - Yuting Ji
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
| | - Feng Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
| | - Meilan Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech Univeristy, Hangzhou 310018, China.
| | - Zhao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
| | - Meirong Ying
- Grain and Oil Products Quality Inspection Center of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310012, China.
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8
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Han L, Liang B. New approaches to NAD(P)H regeneration in the biosynthesis systems. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 34:141. [PMID: 30203299 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-018-2530-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), as two kinds of well-known cofactor, are widely used in the most of enzymatic redox reactions, playing an important role in industrial catalysis. In general, supply of NAD(P)H is a major challenged factor in redox fermentation systems due to its high cost and low stability, which have stimulated the development of NADH regeneration systems in recent years. Until now, a series of NAD(P)H regeneration systems have been developed. This review focuses primarily on new approaches of NAD(P)H cofactor regeneration in the biosynthesis systems, such as single cell in vivo NADH regeneration system, double cell coupling NADH regeneration system, in vitro enzyme-coupled NADH regeneration system, microbial cell surface display NADH regeneration system. Finally, the prospect and tendency of NADH regeneration are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Han
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, 700 Changcheng Road, Qingdao, 266109, China.
| | - Bo Liang
- College of Life Sciences, Energy-Rich Compounds Production by Photosynthesis Carbon Fixation Research Center, Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, Qingdao Agricultural University, 700 Changcheng Road, Qingdao, 266109, China.
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9
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Qu G, Lonsdale R, Yao P, Li G, Liu B, Reetz MT, Sun Z. Methodology Development in Directed Evolution: Exploring Options when Applying Triple-Code Saturation Mutagenesis. Chembiochem 2018; 19:239-246. [PMID: 29314451 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201700562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ge Qu
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 32 West 7th Avenue Tianjin Airport Economic Area Tianjin 300308 China
| | - Richard Lonsdale
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung; Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
- Fachbereich Chemie; Philipps-Universität Marburg; Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 35032 Marburg Germany
| | - Peiyuan Yao
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 32 West 7th Avenue Tianjin Airport Economic Area Tianjin 300308 China
| | - Guangyue Li
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung; Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
- Fachbereich Chemie; Philipps-Universität Marburg; Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 35032 Marburg Germany
| | - Beibei Liu
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 32 West 7th Avenue Tianjin Airport Economic Area Tianjin 300308 China
| | - Manfred T. Reetz
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 32 West 7th Avenue Tianjin Airport Economic Area Tianjin 300308 China
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung; Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
- Fachbereich Chemie; Philipps-Universität Marburg; Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 35032 Marburg Germany
| | - Zhoutong Sun
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 32 West 7th Avenue Tianjin Airport Economic Area Tianjin 300308 China
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10
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Is literature data useful for identifying enzyme catalysts for new substrates? A case study on reduction of 1-aryl-2-alkanoates. Bioorg Chem 2017; 74:260-271. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2017.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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11
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Zheng GW, Liu YY, Chen Q, Huang L, Yu HL, Lou WY, Li CX, Bai YP, Li AT, Xu JH. Preparation of Structurally Diverse Chiral Alcohols by Engineering Ketoreductase CgKR1. ACS Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b01933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gao-Wei Zheng
- State
Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation
Center for Biomanufacturing, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yuan-Yang Liu
- State
Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation
Center for Biomanufacturing, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Qi Chen
- State
Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation
Center for Biomanufacturing, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Lei Huang
- State
Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation
Center for Biomanufacturing, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Hui-Lei Yu
- State
Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation
Center for Biomanufacturing, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Wen-Yong Lou
- Lab
of Applied Biocatalysis, School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Chun-Xiu Li
- State
Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation
Center for Biomanufacturing, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yun-Peng Bai
- State
Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation
Center for Biomanufacturing, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Ai-Tao Li
- Department
of Biocatalysis, Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz
1, Mülheim an der Ruhr 45470, Germany
| | - Jian-He Xu
- State
Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation
Center for Biomanufacturing, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
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13
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Shang YP, Chen Q, Kong XD, Zhang YJ, Xu JH, Yu HL. Efficient Synthesis of (R)-2-Chloro-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethanol with a Ketoreductase fromScheffersomyces stipitisCBS 6045. Adv Synth Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201601003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Peng Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing; East China University of Science and Technology; 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing; East China University of Science and Technology; 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 People's Republic of China
| | - Xu-Dong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing; East China University of Science and Technology; 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing; East China University of Science and Technology; 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-He Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing; East China University of Science and Technology; 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Lei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing; East China University of Science and Technology; 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 People's Republic of China
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14
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Itoh N, Kazama M, Takeuchi N, Isotani K, Kurokawa J. Gene-specific amplicons from metagenomes as an alternative to directed evolution for enzyme screening: a case study using phenylacetaldehyde reductases. FEBS Open Bio 2016; 6:566-75. [PMID: 27419059 PMCID: PMC4887972 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Revised: 03/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Screening gene‐specific amplicons from metagenomes (S‐GAM) is a highly promising technique for the isolation of genes encoding enzymes for biochemical and industrial applications. From metagenomes, we isolated phenylacetaldehyde reductase (par) genes, which code for an enzyme that catalyzes the production of various Prelog's chiral alcohols. Nearly full‐length par genes were amplified by PCR from metagenomic DNA, the products of which were fused with engineered par sequences at both terminal regions of the expression vector to ensure proper expression and then used to construct Escherichia coli plasmid libraries. Sequence‐ and activity‐based screening of these libraries identified different homologous par genes, Hpar‐001 to ‐036, which shared more than 97% amino acid sequence identity with PAR. Comparative characterization of these active homologs revealed a wide variety of enzymatic properties including activity, substrate specificity, and thermal stability. Moreover, amino acid substitutions in these genes coincided with those of Sar268 and Har1 genes, which were independently engineered by error‐prone PCR to exhibit increased activity in the presence of concentrated 2‐propanol. The comparative data from both approaches suggest that sequence information from homologs isolated from metagenomes is quite useful for enzyme engineering. Furthermore, by examining the GAM‐based sequence dataset derived from soil metagenomes, we easily found amino acid substitutions that increase the thermal stability of PAR/PAR homologs. Thus, GAM‐based approaches can provide not only useful homologous enzymes but also an alternative to directed evolution methodologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuya Itoh
- Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology Toyama Prefectural University Imizu Toyama Japan
| | - Miki Kazama
- Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology Toyama Prefectural University Imizu Toyama Japan
| | - Nami Takeuchi
- Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology Toyama Prefectural University Imizu Toyama Japan
| | - Kentaro Isotani
- Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology Toyama Prefectural University Imizu Toyama Japan
| | - Junji Kurokawa
- Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology Toyama Prefectural University Imizu Toyama Japan
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15
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Sun Z, Lonsdale R, Ilie A, Li G, Zhou J, Reetz MT. Catalytic Asymmetric Reduction of Difficult-to-Reduce Ketones: Triple-Code Saturation Mutagenesis of an Alcohol Dehydrogenase. ACS Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.5b02752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhoutong Sun
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
- Fachbereich Chemie der Philipps-Universität, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Richard Lonsdale
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
- Fachbereich Chemie der Philipps-Universität, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Adriana Ilie
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
- Fachbereich Chemie der Philipps-Universität, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Guangyue Li
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
- Fachbereich Chemie der Philipps-Universität, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Jiahai Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-organic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Manfred T. Reetz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
- Fachbereich Chemie der Philipps-Universität, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse, 35032 Marburg, Germany
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16
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Enhanced bioconversion rate and released substrate inhibition in (R)-phenylephrine whole-cell bioconversion via partial acetone treatment. Enzyme Microb Technol 2015; 86:34-8. [PMID: 26992790 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2015.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Revised: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
An approach was developed to enhance the efficiency for the bioconversion of 1-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-2-(methyamino)-ethanone to (R)-phenylephrine. The strain Serratia marcescens N10612, giving the benefit of 99% enantiomeric excess in (R)-PE conversion, was used. The fermentation was devised to harvest cells with high hydrophobic prodigiosin content inside the cells. Then, the partial acetone extraction was applied to remove prodigiosin from the cells. The treatment was found to increase the cells conversion rate without loss of the cells NADPH redox system. When using 50% (v/v) acetone for 5min, the processed cells can give a specific conversion rate of 16.03μmol/h/g-cells. As compared the treated cells with cells under the basal medium, the maximum reaction rate (Vmax) increased from 6.69 to 10.27 (μmol/h/g-cells), the dissociation constant (Km) decreased from 0.236 to 0.167mM and the substrate inhibition constant (KSi) increased from 0.073 to 1.521mM. The 20-fold increase in substrate inhibition constant referred to a great release from the substrate inhibition for the use of S. marcescens N10612 in the bioconversion, which would greatly benefit the bioconversion to be industrialized.
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17
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Zang CZ, Kan SC, Yeh CW, Lin CC, Shieh CJ, Liu YC. Ultrasound-assisted (R)-phenylephrine whole-cell bioconversion by S. marcescens N10612. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2015; 26:415-421. [PMID: 25691009 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2015.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Revised: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The strain Serratia marcescens N10612 is used to perform the bioconversion of 1-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-2-(methyamino)-ethanone (HPMAE) to (R)-phenylephrine ((R)-PE), which is an ephedrine drug substitute. The use of an ultrasound approach is found to improve the efficiency of the (R)-PE bioconversion. The optimization of the (R)-PE bioconversion is carried out by means of statistical experiment design. The optimal conditions obtained are 1.0mM HPMAE, 18.68 g/L glucose and ultrasound power of 120 W, where the predicted specific rate of the (R)-PE bioconversion is 31.46 ± 2.22 (ìmol/h/g-cells) and the experimental specific rate is 33.27 ± 1.46 (ìmol/h/g-cells), which is 3-fold higher than for the operation under ultrasound power of 200 W (11.11 ìmol/h/g-cells) and 4.3-fold higher than for the shaking operation (7.69 ìmol/h/g-cells). The kinetics study of the bioconversion also shows that under the ultrasound operation, the optimal rate (Vmax) of the (R)-PE bioconversion increases from 7.69 to 11.11 (μmol/h/g-cells) and the substrate inhibition constant (KSi) increases from 1.063 mM for the shaking operation to 1.490 mM for ultrasound operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Zong Zang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuo Kuang Road, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shu-Chen Kan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuo Kuang Road, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chiung-Wen Yeh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuo Kuang Road, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chia-Chi Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuo Kuang Road, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chwen-Jen Shieh
- Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuo Kuang Road, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yung-Chuan Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuo Kuang Road, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan, ROC.
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18
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Yu T, Li JF, Zhu LJ, Hu D, Deng C, Cai YT, Wu MC. Reduction of m-chlorophenacyl chloride coupled with regeneration of NADPH by recombinant Escherichia coli cells co-expressing both carbonyl reductase and glucose 1-dehydrogenase. ANN MICROBIOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s13213-015-1114-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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19
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Dudzik A, Snoch W, Borowiecki P, Opalinska-Piskorz J, Witko M, Heider J, Szaleniec M. Asymmetric reduction of ketones and β-keto esters by (S)-1-phenylethanol dehydrogenase from denitrifying bacterium Aromatoleum aromaticum. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2014; 99:5055-69. [PMID: 25549618 PMCID: PMC4445480 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-014-6309-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2014] [Revised: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Enzyme-catalyzed enantioselective reductions of ketones and keto esters have become popular for the production of homochiral building blocks which are valuable synthons for the preparation of biologically active compounds at industrial scale. Among many kinds of biocatalysts, dehydrogenases/reductases from various microorganisms have been used to prepare optically pure enantiomers from carbonyl compounds. (S)-1-phenylethanol dehydrogenase (PEDH) was found in the denitrifying bacterium Aromatoleum aromaticum (strain EbN1) and belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase family. It catalyzes the stereospecific oxidation of (S)-1-phenylethanol to acetophenone during anaerobic ethylbenzene mineralization, but also the reverse reaction, i.e., NADH-dependent enantioselective reduction of acetophenone to (S)-1-phenylethanol. In this work, we present the application of PEDH for asymmetric reduction of 42 prochiral ketones and 11 β-keto esters to enantiopure secondary alcohols. The high enantioselectivity of the reaction is explained by docking experiments and analysis of the interaction and binding energies of the theoretical enzyme-substrate complexes leading to the respective (S)- or (R)-alcohols. The conversions were carried out in a batch reactor using Escherichia coli cells with heterologously produced PEDH as whole-cell catalysts and isopropanol as reaction solvent and cosubstrate for NADH recovery. Ketones were converted to the respective secondary alcohols with excellent enantiomeric excesses and high productivities. Moreover, the progress of product formation was studied for nine para-substituted acetophenone derivatives and described by neural network models, which allow to predict reactor behavior and provides insight on enzyme reactivity. Finally, equilibrium constants for conversion of these substrates were derived from the progress curves of the reactions. The obtained values matched very well with theoretical predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Dudzik
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, 30-239 Kraków, Poland
| | - W. Snoch
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, 30-239 Kraków, Poland
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Department of Biotechnology and Physical Chemistry, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24 St., 31-155 Krakow, Poland
| | - P. Borowiecki
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - J. Opalinska-Piskorz
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, 30-239 Kraków, Poland
| | - M. Witko
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, 30-239 Kraków, Poland
| | - J. Heider
- Laboratory for Microbial Biochemistry, Philipps University of Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch Strasse 8, D-35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - M. Szaleniec
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, 30-239 Kraków, Poland
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20
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Hummel W, Gröger H. Strategies for regeneration of nicotinamide coenzymes emphasizing self-sufficient closed-loop recycling systems. J Biotechnol 2014; 191:22-31. [PMID: 25102236 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2014.07.449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2014] [Revised: 07/15/2014] [Accepted: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Biocatalytic reduction reactions depending on nicotinamide coenzymes require an additional reaction to regenerate the consumed cofactor. For preparative application the preferred method is the simultaneous coupling of an in situ regeneration reaction. There are different strategically advantageous routes to achieve this goal. The standard method uses a second enzyme and a second co-substrate, for example formate and formate dehydrogenase or glucose and glucose dehydrogenase. Alternatively, a second substrate is employed which is converted by the same enzyme used for the primary reaction. For example, alcohol dehydrogenase catalyzed reactions are often coupled with excess 2-propanol which is oxidized to acetone during the regeneration of NAD(P)H. A third method utilizes a reaction-internal sequence by the direct coupling of an oxidizing and a reducing enzyme reaction. Neither an additional substrate nor a further regenerating enzyme are required for the recycling reaction. This kind of "closed-loop" or "self-sufficient" redox process for cofactor regeneration has been used rarely so far. Its most intriguing advantage is that even redox reactions with unstable precursors can be realized provided that this compound is produced in situ by an opposite redox reaction. This elegant method is applicable in special cases only but increasing numbers of examples have been published during the last years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Werner Hummel
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology at the Heinrich-Heine-University of Düsseldorf, Research Centre Jülich, Stetternicher Forst, 52426 Jülich, Germany.
| | - Harald Gröger
- Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
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21
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Use of the anti-Prelog stereospecific alcohol dehydrogenase from Leifsonia and Pseudomonas for producing chiral alcohols. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2014; 98:3889-904. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-014-5619-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2013] [Revised: 02/14/2014] [Accepted: 02/14/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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22
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Development of an improved phenylacetaldehyde reductase mutant by an efficient selection procedure. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 98:4437-43. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-013-5406-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2013] [Revised: 11/06/2013] [Accepted: 11/12/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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23
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Itoh N, Isotani K, Makino Y, Kato M, Kitayama K, Ishimota T. PCR-based amplification and heterologous expression of Pseudomonas alcohol dehydrogenase genes from the soil metagenome for biocatalysis. Enzyme Microb Technol 2013; 55:140-50. [PMID: 24411457 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2013.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2013] [Revised: 10/27/2013] [Accepted: 10/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The amplification of useful genes from metagenomes offers great biotechnological potential. We employed this approach to isolate alcohol dehydrogenase (adh) genes from Pseudomonas to aid in the synthesis of optically pure alcohols from various ketones. A PCR primer combination synthesized by reference to the adh sequences of known Pseudomonas genes was used to amplify full-length adh genes directly from 17 samples of DNA extracted from soil. Three such adh preparations were used to construct Escherichia coli plasmid libraries. Of the approximately 2800 colonies obtained, 240 putative adh-positive clones were identified by colony-PCR. Next, 23 functional adh genes named using the descriptors HBadh and HPadh were analyzed. The adh genes obtained via this metagenomic approach varied in their DNA and amino acid sequences. Expression of the gene products in E. coli indicated varying substrate specificity. Two representative genes, HBadh-1 and HPadh-24, expressed in E. coli and Pseudomonas putida, respectively, were purified and characterized in detail. The enzyme products of these genes were confirmed to be useful for producing anti-Prelog chiral alcohols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuya Itoh
- Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan.
| | - Kentaro Isotani
- Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan
| | - Yoshihide Makino
- Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan
| | - Masaki Kato
- Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan
| | - Kouta Kitayama
- Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan
| | - Tuyoshi Ishimota
- Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan
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24
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Kaswurm V, Hecke WV, Kulbe KD, Ludwig R. Guidelines for the Application of NAD(P)H Regenerating Glucose Dehydrogenase in Synthetic Processes. Adv Synth Catal 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201200959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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25
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Efficient Synthesis of (R)-2-Chloro-1-(3-chlorophenyl)ethanol by Permeabilized Whole Cells of Candida ontarioensis. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(11)60363-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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26
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Synthesis of optically active α-bromohydrins via reduction of α-bromoacetophenone analogues catalyzed by an isolated carbonyl reductase. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2012.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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27
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Ratzka J, Lauterbach L, Lenz O, Ansorge-Schumacher MB. Stabilisation of the NAD+-reducing soluble [NiFe]-hydrogenase from Ralstonia eutropha H16 through modification with methoxy-poly(ethylene) glycol. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2011.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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28
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Naik HG, Yeniad B, Koning CE, Heise A. Investigation of asymmetric alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) reduction of acetophenone derivatives: effect of charge density. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:4961-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ob06870b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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29
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Tischler D, Kaschabek SR. Microbial Styrene Degradation: From Basics to Biotechnology. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-23789-8_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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30
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Toda H, Itoh N. Isolation and characterization of styrene metabolism genes from styrene-assimilating soil bacteria Rhodococcus sp. ST-5 and ST-10. J Biosci Bioeng 2011; 113:12-9. [PMID: 21996027 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2011.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2011] [Revised: 08/15/2011] [Accepted: 08/31/2011] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Styrene metabolism genes were isolated from styrene-assimilating bacteria Rhodococcus sp. ST-5 and ST-10. Strain ST-5 had a gene cluster containing four open reading frames which encoded styrene degradation enzymes. The genes showed high similarity to styABCD of Pseudomonas sp. Y2. On the other hand, strain ST-10 had only two genes which encoded styrene monooxygenase and flavin oxidoreductase (styAB). Escherichia coli transformants possessing the sty genes of strains ST-5 and ST-10 produced (S)-styrene oxide from styrene, indicating that these genes function as styrene degradation enzymes. Metabolite analysis by resting-cell reaction with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry revealed that strain ST-5 converts styrene to phenylacetaldehyde via styrene oxide by styrene oxide isomerase (styC) reaction. On the other hand, strain ST-10 lacked this enzyme, and thus accumulated styrene oxide as an intermediate. HPLC analysis showed that styrene oxide was spontaneously isomerized to phenylacetaldehyde by chemical reaction. The produced phenylacetaldehyde was converted to phenylacetic acid (PAA) in strain ST-10 as well as in strain ST-5. Furthermore, phenylacetic acid was converted to phenylacetyl-CoA by the catalysis of phenylacetate-CoA ligase in strains ST-5 and ST-10. This study proposes possible styrene metabolism pathways in Rhodococcus sp. strains ST-5 and ST-10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Toda
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Biotechnology Research Center, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan
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31
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Ratzka J, Lauterbach L, Lenz O, Ansorge-Schumacher MB. Systematic evaluation of the dihydrogen-oxidising and NAD+-reducing soluble [NiFe]-hydrogenase from Ralstonia eutropha H16 as a cofactor regeneration catalyst. BIOCATAL BIOTRANSFOR 2011. [DOI: 10.3109/10242422.2011.615393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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32
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Efficient synthesis of optically pure alcohols by asymmetric hydrogen-transfer biocatalysis: application of engineered enzymes in a 2-propanol-water medium. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2011; 93:1075-85. [PMID: 21739266 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-011-3447-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2011] [Revised: 06/13/2011] [Accepted: 06/15/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
We describe an efficient method for producing both enantiomers of chiral alcohols by asymmetric hydrogen-transfer bioreduction of ketones in a 2-propanol (IPA)-water medium with E. coli biocatalysts expressing phenylacetaldehyde reductase (PAR: wild-type and mutant enzymes) from Rhodococcus sp. ST-10 and alcohol dehydrogenase from Leifsonia sp. S749 (LSADH). We also describe the detailed properties of mutant PARs, Sar268, and HAR1, which were engineered to have high activity and productivity in media composed of polar organic solvent and water, and the construction of three-dimensional structure of PAR by homology modeling. The K(m) and V(max) values for some substrates and the substrate specificity of mutant PARs were quite different from those of wild-type PAR. The results well explained the increased productivity of engineered PARs in IPA-water medium.
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33
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Fardelone LC, Rodrigues JAR, Moran PJS. Chiral Pharmaceutical Intermediaries Obtained by Reduction of 2-Halo-1-(4-substituted phenyl)-ethanones Mediated by Geotrichum candidum CCT 1205 and Rhodotorula glutinis CCT 2182. Enzyme Res 2011; 2011:976368. [PMID: 21687613 PMCID: PMC3113109 DOI: 10.4061/2011/976368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2011] [Accepted: 03/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Enantioselective reductions of p-R(1)-C(6)H(4)C(O)CH(2)R(2) (R(1) = Cl, Br, CH(3), OCH(3), NO(2) and R(2) = Br, Cl) mediated by Geotrichum candidum CCT 1205 and Rhodotorula glutinis CCT 2182 afforded the corresponding halohydrins with complementary R and S configurations, respectively, in excellent yield and enantiomeric excesses. The obtained (R)- or (S)-halohydrins are important building blocks in chemical and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucídio C Fardelone
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, CP 6154, 13084-971 Campinas, SP, Brazil
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34
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Lin WD, Chen CY, Chen HC, Hsu WH. Enantioselective synthesis of (S)-phenylephrine by whole cells of recombinant Escherichia coli expressing the amino alcohol dehydrogenase gene from Rhodococcus erythropolis BCRC 10909. Process Biochem 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2010.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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35
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Kurokawa J, Asano M, Nomoto S, Makino Y, Itoh N. Gene cloning and characterization of dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase from Microbacterium luteolum: A useful enzymatic regeneration system of NAD+ from NADH. J Biosci Bioeng 2010; 109:218-23. [PMID: 20159566 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2009.09.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2009] [Revised: 09/08/2009] [Accepted: 09/09/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (LPD), a useful biocatalyst for regenerating NAD(+), was purified from Microbacterium luteolum JCM 9174, and the gene encoding LPD was cloned from the genomic DNA. The gene contained an opening reading frame consisting of 1395 nucleotides encoding 465 amino acid residues with a predicted molecular weight of 49912.1 Da, which displayed 36-78% homology to known LPDs. Moreover, the FAD- and NAD(+)-binding sites and the two catalytic residues in the LPDs were conserved. The enzyme was expressed in recombinant Escherichia coli cells and purified to homogeneity by column chromatography. LPD of M. luteolum (MluLPD) accepted not only lipoamide but also some artificial electron acceptors such as dichlorophenolindophenol (DCIP) and nitrotetrazolium blue (NTB), that is, it functions as a diaphorase. NAD(+) demonstrated a strong activating effect on MluLPD, and the activity was 5.2 times higher than that without NAD(+). The enzyme was suitable for regenerating NAD(+) in biocatalytic reactions because of its high affinity for NADH (6.1 microM). An NAD(+)-regenerating system with MluLPD and laccase using 2,5-dimethoxy-1,4-benzoquinone as a hydrogen acceptor was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junji Kurokawa
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering (Biotechnology Research Center), Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan
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36
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Biocatalytic reduction system for the production of chiral methyl (R)/(S)-4-bromo-3-hydroxybutyrate. Tetrahedron Lett 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2010.03.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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37
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Enhancement of substrate concentration in microbial stereoinversion through one-pot oxidation and reduction by aqueous two-phase system. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2009; 33:367-73. [PMID: 19504270 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-009-0334-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2009] [Revised: 05/19/2009] [Accepted: 05/20/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
An extractive biocatalytic method of aqueous two-phase system was employed for stereoinversing (R)-1-phenyl-1,2-ethanediol into (S)-1-phenyl-1,2-ethanediol by Candida parapsilosis CCTCC M203011. It was observed that substrate and product inhibitions in microbial stereoinversion through one-pot oxidation and reduction were removed efficiently by extractive biocatalysis in aqueous two-phase system with PEG 4000/phosphate potassium system, and that the substrate concentration was enhanced from 15 to 30 g/L with product optical purity of 99.02% e.e. and yield of 90% after 60 h. Simultaneously, it was observed that change in cell morphology impedes the further enhancement of substrate concentration in this system but can be reversibly changed after stereoinversion or cultivation in systems without PEG.
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38
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Bioreduction of α-chloroacetophenone by whole cells of marine fungi. Biotechnol Lett 2009; 31:1559-63. [DOI: 10.1007/s10529-009-0037-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2009] [Revised: 05/18/2009] [Accepted: 05/19/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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39
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Zhu D, Hyatt BA, Hua L. Enzymatic hydrogen transfer reduction of α-chloro aromatic ketones catalyzed by a hyperthermophilic alcohol dehydrogenase. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2008.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Kansal H, Banerjee UC. Enhancing the biocatalytic potential of carbonyl reductase of Candida viswanathii using aqueous-organic solvent system. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2009; 100:1041-1047. [PMID: 18840394 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2008.08.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2008] [Revised: 08/25/2008] [Accepted: 08/26/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, the toxic effect of various solvents with different Log P values was studied on the whole cells of Candida viswanathii. Experiments showed that the lower concentrations of some solvent increased both the activity retention and enzyme activity as compared to the control while this was not the case with higher concentrations of the same solvents. The model compound taken in the present study was 1-acetophenone. The percentage conversion improved from 76 to 94%. Addition of 2-propanol increased the substrate tolerance, giving the conversion of 90% compared to 9% in control at a substrate concentration of 70 mM in 1h. The operational stability increased at higher temperatures with the addition of 2-propanol in the reaction mixture with good conversion (90%) and enantiomeric excess (>99%) at 45 degrees C and 50 degrees C. The effect was also found to be prominent in other tested substrates. In order to further stabilize the cells for long term use in higher concentration of organic solvents, the cells were further immobilized, and were found to have higher activity retention than that of free cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himani Kansal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Biocatalysis Laboratory, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Mohali, Punjab, India
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Chen Q, Hu Y, Zhao W, Zhu C, Zhu B. Cloning, expression, and characterization of a novel (S)-specific alcohol dehydrogenase from Lactobacillus kefir. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2008; 160:19-29. [PMID: 19082766 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-008-8442-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2008] [Accepted: 11/11/2008] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A gene encoding a novel (S)-specific NADH-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (LK-ADH) was isolated from the genomic DNA of Lactobacillus kefir DSM 20587 by thermal asymmetric interlaced-polymerase chain reaction. The nucleotide sequence of (S)-LK-ADH gene (adhS) was determined, which consists of an open reading frame of 1,044 bp, coding for 347 amino acids with a molecular mass of 37.065 kDa. After a BLAST similarity search in GenBank database, the amino acid sequence of (S)-LK-ADH showed some homologies to several zinc containing medium-chain alcohol dehydrogenases. This novel gene was deposited into GenBank with the accession number of EU877965. adhS gene was subcloned into plasmid pET-28a(+), and recombinant (S)-LK-ADH was successfully expressed in E. coli BL21(DE3) by isopropyl-beta-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside induction. Purified enzyme showed a high enantioselectivity in the reduction of acetophenone to (S)-phenylethanol with an ee value of 99.4%. The substrate specificity and cofactor preference of recombinant (S)-LK-ADH were also tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qilei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of New Drug and Pharmaceutical Process, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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42
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Hess M, Antranikian G. Archaeal alcohol dehydrogenase active at increased temperatures and in the presence of organic solvents. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2007; 77:1003-13. [PMID: 17989975 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-007-1238-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2007] [Revised: 10/01/2007] [Accepted: 10/03/2007] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The adhA gene of the extreme thermoacidophilic Archaeon Picrophilus torridus was identified by the means of genome analysis and was subsequently cloned in Escherichia coli. PTO 0846, encoding AdhA, consists of 954 bp corresponding to 317 aa. Sequence comparison revealed that the novel biocatalyst has a low sequence identity (<26%) to previously characterized enzymes. The recombinant alcohol dehydrogenase was purified using hydroxyapatite, and alcohol oxidative activity of the purified AdhA was measured over a wide pH and temperature range with maximal activity at 83 degrees C and pH 7.8. Detailed analysis suggests that the active AdhA is a multimer, consisting of 12 identical subunits, with a molecular mass of 35 kDa each. AdhA represents the first dodecameric alcohol dehydrogenase characterized until to date. AdhA is able to oxidize primary and secondary alcohols with ethanol and 1-phenylalcohol as preferred substrates and NAD(+) as preferred cofactor. In addition, isopropanol, which has been used successfully as cosubstrate in cofactor regeneration, is oxidized as well by AdhA. Besides being thermostable (t (1/2) = 42 min at 70 degrees C), AdhA is also active in the presence of increased concentrations of urea (up to 5 M) and in the presence of organic solvents [up to 50% (v/v)] commonly used for organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Hess
- Institute of Technical Microbiology, Hamburg University of Technology, Kasernenstr. 12, 21073, Hamburg, Germany
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Makino Y, Dairi T, Itoh N. Engineering the phenylacetaldehyde reductase mutant for improved substrate conversion in the presence of concentrated 2-propanol. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2007; 77:833-43. [PMID: 17912510 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-007-1223-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2007] [Revised: 09/21/2007] [Accepted: 09/22/2007] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Phenylacetaldehyde reductase (PAR) from Rhodococcus sp. ST-10 is useful for chiral alcohol production because of its broad substrate specificity and high stereoselectivity. The conversion of ketones into alcohols by PAR requires the coenzyme NADH. PAR can regenerate NADH by oxidizing additional alcohols, especially 2-propanol. However, substrate conversion by wild-type PAR is suppressed in concentrated 2-propanol. Previously, we developed the Sar268 mutant of PAR, which can convert several substrates in the presence of concentrated 2-propanol. In this paper, further mutational engineering of Sar268 was performed to achieve higher process yield. Each of nine amino acid positions that had been examined for generating Sar268 was subjected to saturation mutagenesis. Two novel substitutions at the 42nd amino acid position increased m-chlorophenacyl chloride (m-CPC) conversion. Moreover, several nucleotide substitutions identified from libraries of random mutations around the start codon also improved the PAR activity. E. coli cells harboring plasmid pHAR1, which has the integrated sequence of the top clones from the above selections, provided greater conversion of m-CPC and ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate than the Sar268 mutant, with very high optical purity of products. This mutant is a promising novel biocatalyst for efficient chiral alcohol production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihide Makino
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu-shi, Toyama, 939-0398, Japan.
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Nie Y, Xu Y, Yang M, Mu XQ. A novel NADH-dependent carbonyl reductase with unusual stereoselectivity for (R)-specific reduction from an (S)-1-phenyl-1,2-ethanediol-producing micro-organism: purification and characterization. Lett Appl Microbiol 2007; 44:555-62. [PMID: 17451525 DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.2006.02100.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To purify and characterize the (R)-specific carbonyl reductase from Candida parapsilosis; to compare the enzyme with other stereospecific oxidoreductases; and to develop an available procedure producing optically active (R)-1-phenyl-1,2-ethanediol (PED). METHODS AND RESULTS An (R)-specific carbonyl reductase was found and purified from C. parapsilosis through four steps, including blue-sepharose affinity chromatography. The relative molecular mass of the enzyme was estimated to be 35 kDa on gel-filtration chromatography and 37.5 kDa on Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The purified enzyme catalysed the reduction of various ketones, including alkyl and aromatic ketones, and was specific to short-chain and medium-chain alkyl ketones. The enzyme activity was inhibited by divalent ion of CuSO(4) and FeSO(4), whereas zincum ion stimulated its activity. For catalysing reduction, the enzyme performed maximum activity at pH 6.0 and the optimum temperature was 45 degrees C. The carbonyl reductase catalysed asymmetric reduction of beta-hydroxyacetophenone to the corresponding (R)-PED with the optical purity of 100% enantiomeric excess (e.e.). By analysing its partial amino acid sequences, the enzyme was proposed to be a novel stereospecific carbonyl reductase. CONCLUSIONS The purified carbonyl reductase showed unusual stereospecificity and catalysed the NADH-dependent reduction of beta-hydroxyacetophenone to (R)-PED. The enzyme was different from other stereoselective oxidoreductases in catalytic properties. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The discovery of (R)-specific oxidoreductase exhibiting unusual stereospecificity towards hydroxyl ketone is valuable for the synthesis of both enantiomers of useful chiral alcohols, and provides research basis for the achievement of profound knowledge on the relationship between structure and catalytic function of (R)-specific enzymes, which is meaningful for the alteration of stereospecificity by molecular methods to obtain the enzymes with desired stereospecificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Nie
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education & School of Biotechnology, Southern Yangtze University, Wuxi, P.R. China
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Itoh N, Nakamura M, Inoue K, Makino Y. Continuous production of chiral 1,3-butanediol using immobilized biocatalysts in a packed bed reactor: promising biocatalysis method with an asymmetric hydrogen-transfer bioreduction. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2007; 75:1249-56. [PMID: 17443321 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-007-0957-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2007] [Revised: 03/19/2007] [Accepted: 03/20/2007] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
An asymmetric hydrogen-transfer biocatalyst consisting of mutated Rhodococcus phenylacetaldehyde reductase (PAR) or Leifsonia alcohol dehydrogenase (LSADH) was applied for some water-soluble ketone substrates. Among them, 4-hydroxy-2-butanone was reduced to (S)/(R)-1,3-butanediol, a useful intermediate for pharmaceuticals, with a high yield and stereoselectivity. Intact Escherichia coli cells overexpressing mutated PAR (Sar268) or LSADH were directly immobilized with polyethyleneimine or 1,6-diaminehexane and glutaraldehyde and evaluated in a batch reaction. This system produced (S)-1,3-butanediol [87% enantiomeric excess (e.e.)] with a space time yield (STY) of 12.5 mg h(-1) ml(-1) catalyst or (R)-1,3-butanediol (99% e.e.) with an STY of 60.3 mg h(-1) ml(-1) catalyst, respectively. The immobilized cells in a packed bed reactor continuously produced (R)-1,3-butanediol with a yield of 99% (about 49.5 g/l) from 5% (w/v) 4-hydroxy-2-butanoate over 500 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuya Itoh
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering (Biotechnology Research Center), Toyama Prefectural University, Kurokawa 5180, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan.
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Lu Y, Mei L. Co-expression of P450 BM3 and glucose dehydrogenase by recombinant Escherichia coli and its application in an NADPH-dependent indigo production system. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2006; 34:247-53. [PMID: 17171348 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-006-0193-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2006] [Accepted: 11/15/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
P450 BM3 mutant can catalyze indole to indoxyl, and indoxyl can dimerize to form indigo. But the reaction catalyzed by P450 BM3 requires NADPH, as coenzyme regeneration is very important in this system. As we know, when glucose dehydrogenase oxidizes glucose to glucolactone, NADH or NADPH can be formed, which can contribute to NADPH regeneration in the reaction catalyzed by P450 BM3. In this paper, a recombinant Escherichia coli BL21 (pET28a (+)-P450 BM3-gdh0310) was constructed to co-express both P450 BM3 gene and glucose dehydrogenase (GDH) gene. To improve the expression level of P450 BM3 and GDH in E. coli and to avoid the complex and low-efficiency refolding operation in the purification procedure, the expression conditions were optimized. Under the optimized conditions, the maximum P450 BM3 and GDH activities amounted to 8173.13 and 0.045 U/mg protein, respectively. Then bioconversion of indole to indigo was carried out by adding indole and glucose to the culture after improved expression level was obtained under optimized conditions, and 2.9 mM (760.6 mg/L) indigo was formed with an initial indole concentration of 5 mM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Lu
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China
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Shi Q, Yang D, Jiang Z, Li J. Visible-light photocatalytic regeneration of NADH using P-doped TiO2 nanoparticles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2006.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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48
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Asymmetric reduction of ketones using recombinant E. coli cells that produce a versatile carbonyl reductase with high enantioselectivity and broad substrate specificity. Tetrahedron 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2006.04.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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49
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Chen D, Yang D, Wang Q, Jiang Z. Effects of Boron Doping on Photocatalytic Activity and Microstructure of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles. Ind Eng Chem Res 2006. [DOI: 10.1021/ie0600902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 393] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daimei Chen
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Yang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Qun Wang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongyi Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
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Edegger K, Stampfer W, Seisser B, Faber K, Mayer SF, Oehrlein R, Hafner A, Kroutil W. Regio- and Stereoselective Reduction of Diketones and Oxidation of Diols by Biocatalytic Hydrogen Transfer. European J Org Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200500839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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