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Li J, Xiao F, Wang S, Fan X, He Z, Yan T, Zhang J, Yang M, Yang D. LncRNAs are involved in regulating ageing and age-related disease through the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase signalling pathway. Genes Dis 2024; 11:101042. [PMID: 38966041 PMCID: PMC11222807 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2023.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
A long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) is longer than 200 bp. It regulates various biological processes mainly by interacting with DNA, RNA, or protein in multiple kinds of biological processes. Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is activated during nutrient starvation, especially glucose starvation and oxygen deficiency (hypoxia), and exposure to toxins that inhibit mitochondrial respiratory chain complex function. AMPK is an energy switch in organisms that controls cell growth and multiple cellular processes, including lipid and glucose metabolism, thereby maintaining intracellular energy homeostasis by activating catabolism and inhibiting anabolism. The AMPK signalling pathway consists of AMPK and its upstream and downstream targets. AMPK upstream targets include proteins such as the transforming growth factor β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1), liver kinase B1 (LKB1), and calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase β (CaMKKβ), and its downstream targets include proteins such as the mechanistic/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) complex 1 (mTORC1), hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α (HNF4α), and silencing information regulatory 1 (SIRT1). In general, proteins function relatively independently and cooperate. In this article, a review of the currently known lncRNAs involved in the AMPK signalling pathway is presented and insights into the regulatory mechanisms involved in human ageing and age-related diseases are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiamei Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Feng Xiao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Siqi Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Xiaolan Fan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Zhi He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Taiming Yan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Jia Zhang
- Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610017, China
| | - Mingyao Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Deying Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
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Mbadhi MN, Tang JM, Zhang JX. Histone Lysine Methylation and Long Non-Coding RNA: The New Target Players in Skeletal Muscle Cell Regeneration. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:759237. [PMID: 34926450 PMCID: PMC8678087 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.759237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Satellite stem cell availability and high regenerative capacity have made them an ideal therapeutic approach for muscular dystrophies and neuromuscular diseases. Adult satellite stem cells remain in a quiescent state and become activated upon muscular injury. A series of molecular mechanisms succeed under the control of epigenetic regulation and various myogenic regulatory transcription factors myogenic regulatory factors, leading to their differentiation into skeletal muscles. The regulation of MRFs via various epigenetic factors, including DNA methylation, histone modification, and non-coding RNA, determine the fate of myogenesis. Furthermore, the development of histone deacetylation inhibitors (HDACi) has shown promising benefits in their use in clinical trials of muscular diseases. However, the complete application of using satellite stem cells in the clinic is still not achieved. While therapeutic advancements in the use of HDACi in clinical trials have emerged, histone methylation modulations and the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) are still under study. A comprehensive understanding of these other significant epigenetic modulations is still incomplete. This review aims to discuss some of the current studies on these two significant epigenetic modulations, histone methylation and lncRNA, as potential epigenetic targets in skeletal muscle regeneration. Understanding the mechanisms that initiate myoblast differentiation from its proliferative state to generate new muscle fibres will provide valuable information to advance the field of regenerative medicine and stem cell transplant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdaleena Naemi Mbadhi
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Jun-Ming Tang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Jing-Xuan Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
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Boutin J, Rosier J, Cappellen D, Prat F, Toutain J, Pennamen P, Bouron J, Rooryck C, Merlio JP, Lamrissi-Garcia I, Cullot G, Amintas S, Guyonnet-Duperat V, Ged C, Blouin JM, Richard E, Dabernat S, Moreau-Gaudry F, Bedel A. CRISPR-Cas9 globin editing can induce megabase-scale copy-neutral losses of heterozygosity in hematopoietic cells. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4922. [PMID: 34389729 PMCID: PMC8363739 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25190-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
CRISPR-Cas9 is a promising technology for gene therapy. However, the ON-target genotoxicity of CRISPR-Cas9 nuclease due to DNA double-strand breaks has received little attention and is probably underestimated. Here we report that genome editing targeting globin genes induces megabase-scale losses of heterozygosity (LOH) from the globin CRISPR-Cas9 cut-site to the telomere (5.2 Mb). In established lines, CRISPR-Cas9 nuclease induces frequent terminal chromosome 11p truncations and rare copy-neutral LOH. In primary hematopoietic progenitor/stem cells, we detect 1.1% of clones (7/648) with acquired megabase LOH induced by CRISPR-Cas9. In-depth analysis by SNP-array reveals the presence of copy-neutral LOH. This leads to 11p15.5 partial uniparental disomy, comprising two Chr11p15.5 imprinting centers (H19/IGF2:IG-DMR/IC1 and KCNQ1OT1:TSS-DMR/IC2) and impacting H19 and IGF2 expression. While this genotoxicity is a safety concern for CRISPR clinical trials, it is also an opportunity to model copy-neutral-LOH for genetic diseases and cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Boutin
- Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France
- INSERM U1035, Biotherapy of Genetic Diseases, Inflammatory disorders and Cancers, Bordeaux, France
- University Hospital Bordeaux, Biochemistry Laboratory, Bordeaux, France
- Laboratory of Excellence, Gr-Ex, Bordeaux, France
| | - J Rosier
- Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France
- INSERM U1035, Biotherapy of Genetic Diseases, Inflammatory disorders and Cancers, Bordeaux, France
- Laboratory of Excellence, Gr-Ex, Bordeaux, France
| | - D Cappellen
- Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France
- INSERM U1035, Biotherapy of Genetic Diseases, Inflammatory disorders and Cancers, Bordeaux, France
- Laboratory of Excellence, Gr-Ex, Bordeaux, France
- University Hospital Bordeaux, Tumor Biology and Tumor Bank Laboratory, Bordeaux, France
| | - F Prat
- Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France
- INSERM U1035, Biotherapy of Genetic Diseases, Inflammatory disorders and Cancers, Bordeaux, France
- Laboratory of Excellence, Gr-Ex, Bordeaux, France
| | - J Toutain
- Bordeaux University, MRGM INSERM U1211, CHU de Bordeaux, Service de Génétique Médicale, Bordeaux, France
| | - P Pennamen
- Bordeaux University, MRGM INSERM U1211, CHU de Bordeaux, Service de Génétique Médicale, Bordeaux, France
| | - J Bouron
- Bordeaux University, MRGM INSERM U1211, CHU de Bordeaux, Service de Génétique Médicale, Bordeaux, France
| | - C Rooryck
- Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France
- Bordeaux University, MRGM INSERM U1211, CHU de Bordeaux, Service de Génétique Médicale, Bordeaux, France
| | - J P Merlio
- Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France
- University Hospital Bordeaux, Tumor Biology and Tumor Bank Laboratory, Bordeaux, France
- INSERM U1053, Bordeaux Research in Translational Oncology, Bordeaux, France
| | - I Lamrissi-Garcia
- Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France
- INSERM U1035, Biotherapy of Genetic Diseases, Inflammatory disorders and Cancers, Bordeaux, France
- Laboratory of Excellence, Gr-Ex, Bordeaux, France
| | - G Cullot
- Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France
- INSERM U1035, Biotherapy of Genetic Diseases, Inflammatory disorders and Cancers, Bordeaux, France
- Laboratory of Excellence, Gr-Ex, Bordeaux, France
| | - S Amintas
- Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France
- INSERM U1035, Biotherapy of Genetic Diseases, Inflammatory disorders and Cancers, Bordeaux, France
- Laboratory of Excellence, Gr-Ex, Bordeaux, France
- University Hospital Bordeaux, Tumor Biology and Tumor Bank Laboratory, Bordeaux, France
| | - V Guyonnet-Duperat
- INSERM US 005-CNRS UMS 342-TBM-Core, Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France
| | - C Ged
- Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France
- INSERM U1035, Biotherapy of Genetic Diseases, Inflammatory disorders and Cancers, Bordeaux, France
- University Hospital Bordeaux, Biochemistry Laboratory, Bordeaux, France
- Laboratory of Excellence, Gr-Ex, Bordeaux, France
| | - J M Blouin
- Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France
- INSERM U1035, Biotherapy of Genetic Diseases, Inflammatory disorders and Cancers, Bordeaux, France
- University Hospital Bordeaux, Biochemistry Laboratory, Bordeaux, France
- Laboratory of Excellence, Gr-Ex, Bordeaux, France
| | - E Richard
- Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France
- INSERM U1035, Biotherapy of Genetic Diseases, Inflammatory disorders and Cancers, Bordeaux, France
- University Hospital Bordeaux, Biochemistry Laboratory, Bordeaux, France
- Laboratory of Excellence, Gr-Ex, Bordeaux, France
| | - S Dabernat
- Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France
- INSERM U1035, Biotherapy of Genetic Diseases, Inflammatory disorders and Cancers, Bordeaux, France
- University Hospital Bordeaux, Biochemistry Laboratory, Bordeaux, France
- Laboratory of Excellence, Gr-Ex, Bordeaux, France
| | - F Moreau-Gaudry
- Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France.
- INSERM U1035, Biotherapy of Genetic Diseases, Inflammatory disorders and Cancers, Bordeaux, France.
- University Hospital Bordeaux, Biochemistry Laboratory, Bordeaux, France.
- Laboratory of Excellence, Gr-Ex, Bordeaux, France.
- INSERM US 005-CNRS UMS 342-TBM-Core, Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France.
| | - A Bedel
- Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France
- INSERM U1035, Biotherapy of Genetic Diseases, Inflammatory disorders and Cancers, Bordeaux, France
- University Hospital Bordeaux, Biochemistry Laboratory, Bordeaux, France
- Laboratory of Excellence, Gr-Ex, Bordeaux, France
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New epigenetic players in stroke pathogenesis: From non-coding RNAs to exosomal non-coding RNAs. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 140:111753. [PMID: 34044272 PMCID: PMC8222190 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have critical role in the pathophysiology as well as recovery after ischemic stroke. ncRNAs, particularly microRNAs, and the long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are critical for angiogenesis and neuroprotection, and they have been suggested to be therapeutic, diagnostic and prognostic tools in cerebrovascular diseases, including stroke. Moreover, exosomes have been considered as nanocarriers capable of transferring various cargos, such as lncRNAs and miRNAs to recipient cells, with prominent inter-cellular roles in the mediation of neuro-restorative events following strokes and neural injuries. In this review, we summarize the pathogenic role of ncRNAs and exosomal ncRNAs in the stroke.
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Edwards CA, Takahashi N, Corish JA, Ferguson-Smith AC. The origins of genomic imprinting in mammals. Reprod Fertil Dev 2020; 31:1203-1218. [PMID: 30615843 DOI: 10.1071/rd18176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Genomic imprinting is a process that causes genes to be expressed according to their parental origin. Imprinting appears to have evolved gradually in two of the three mammalian subclasses, with no imprinted genes yet identified in prototheria and only six found to be imprinted in marsupials to date. By interrogating the genomes of eutherian suborders, we determine that imprinting evolved at the majority of eutherian specific genes before the eutherian radiation. Theories considering the evolution of imprinting often relate to resource allocation and recently consider maternal-offspring interactions more generally, which, in marsupials, places a greater emphasis on lactation. In eutherians, the imprint memory is retained at least in part by zinc finger protein 57 (ZFP57), a Kruppel associated box (KRAB) zinc finger protein that binds specifically to methylated imprinting control regions. Some imprints are less dependent on ZFP57invivo and it may be no coincidence that these are the imprints that are found in marsupials. Because marsupials lack ZFP57, this suggests another more ancestral protein evolved to regulate imprints in non-eutherian subclasses, and contributes to imprinting control in eutherians. Hence, understanding the mechanisms acting at imprinting control regions across mammals has the potential to provide valuable insights into our understanding of the origins and evolution of genomic imprinting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol A Edwards
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EH, UK
| | - Nozomi Takahashi
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EH, UK
| | - Jennifer A Corish
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EH, UK
| | - Anne C Ferguson-Smith
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EH, UK
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Sweta S, Dudnakova T, Sudheer S, Baker AH, Bhushan R. Importance of Long Non-coding RNAs in the Development and Disease of Skeletal Muscle and Cardiovascular Lineages. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:228. [PMID: 31681761 PMCID: PMC6813187 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The early mammalian embryo is characterized by the presence of three germ layers-the outer ectoderm, middle mesoderm and inner endoderm. The mesoderm is organized into paraxial, intermediate and lateral plate mesoderm. The musculature, vasculature and heart of the adult body are the major derivatives of mesoderm. Tracing back the developmental process to generate these specialized tissues has sparked much interest in the field of regenerative medicine focusing on generating specialized tissues to treat patients with degenerative diseases. Several Long Non-Coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified as regulators of development, proliferation and differentiation of various tissues of mesodermal origin. A better understanding of lncRNAs that can regulate the development of these tissues will open potential avenues for their therapeutic utility and enhance our knowledge about disease progression and development. In this review, we aim to summarize the functions and mechanisms of lncRNAs regulating the early mesoderm differentiation, development and homeostasis of skeletal muscle and cardiovascular system with an emphasis on their therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sweta Sweta
- Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to Be University), Mangalore, India
| | - Tatiana Dudnakova
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Smita Sudheer
- Department of Genomic Science, Central University of Kerala, Kasaragod, India
| | - Andrew H Baker
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Raghu Bhushan
- Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to Be University), Mangalore, India
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Huang J, Yang J, Li J, Chen Z, Guo X, Huang S, Gu L, Su L. Association of long noncoding RNA H19 polymorphisms with the susceptibility and clinical features of ischemic stroke in southern Chinese Han population. Metab Brain Dis 2019; 34:1011-1021. [PMID: 31041585 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-019-00417-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Stroke is the leading cause of death in China. Previous studies have demonstrated that long noncoding RNAs play important roles in ischemic stroke (IS). This study aimed to investigate long noncoding RNA H19 (lncRNA H19) expression in IS cases and the association between lncRNA H19 variants and IS risk and IS-related risk factors. A total of 550 IS cases and 550 controls were recruited for this study. LncRNA H19 expression was detected using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Genotyping was conducted by the Sequenom MassARRAY technology. LncRNA H19 level in peripheral blood of IS cases was significantly upregulated compared with healthy controls (P = 0.046). No significant association was observed between lncRNA H19 rs217727 and rs4929984 polymorphisms with IS risk in all genetic models, and rs217727-rs4929984 haplotypes are not associated with IS susceptibility. Further meta-analysis also implied that the rs217727 and rs4929984 polymorphisms were not associated with IS in Chinese population. However, rs4929984 is significantly associated with the diastolic blood pressure level of IS patients (additive model: Padj = 0.007; dominant model: Padj = 0.013), whereas rs217727 is associated with international normalized ratio (additive model: Padj = 0.019; recessive model: Padj = 0.004), prothrombin time activity level (additive model: Padj = 0.026; recessive model: Padj = 0.004), and homocysteine level (recessive model: Padj = 0.048) in patients with IS. Our findings suggest that lncRNA H19 level may affect the occurrence of IS, and lncRNA H19 variants may influence blood pressure, coagulation function, and homocysteine metabolism of patients with IS in the southern Chinese Han population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Huang
- School of Public Health of Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Jialei Yang
- School of Public Health of Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Jinhong Li
- Department of Internal Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 89-9 Dongge Road, Nanning, 530023, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhaoxia Chen
- School of Public Health of Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiaojing Guo
- School of Public Health of Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Siyun Huang
- Department of Internal Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 89-9 Dongge Road, Nanning, 530023, Guangxi, China
| | - Lian Gu
- Department of Internal Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 89-9 Dongge Road, Nanning, 530023, Guangxi, China.
| | - Li Su
- School of Public Health of Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
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Sun Y, Zhong L, He X, Wang S, Lai Y, Wu W, Song H, Chen Y, Yang Y, Liao W, Liao Y, Bin J. LncRNA H19 promotes vascular inflammation and abdominal aortic aneurysm formation by functioning as a competing endogenous RNA. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2019; 131:66-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2019.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Abdollahzadeh S, Ghorbian S. Association of the study between LncRNA-H19 gene polymorphisms with the risk of breast cancer. J Clin Lab Anal 2018; 33:e22826. [PMID: 30485527 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.22826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The H19 is a maternally expressed imprinted gene transcribing a long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), which has previously been reported to be involved in tumorigenesis and cancer progression. The aim of this study was to evaluate the associations between two lncRNA-H19 (rs3741219 T>C and rs217727 C>T) gene polymorphisms with the risk of breast cancer (BC). METHODS In a case-control investigation, we evaluated 150 BC patients and 100 cancer-free subjects in East Azerbaijan Province of Iran. To assess two gene polymorphisms, the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method was used. RESULTS The genotype frequencies of two lncRNA-H19 (rs217727 C>T and rs3741219 T>C) gene polymorphisms TT + TC/CC and CC + CT/TT have not shown a statistically significant association with the risk of BC (P = 0.065; OR = 0.967; 95% CI, 0.938-0.996) and (P = 0.510; OR = 1.583; 95% CI, 0.399-6.726), respectively. In addition, our findings revealed a significant differences in allele frequencies in lncRNA-H19 rs217727 C>T polymorphism between groups (P = 0.033; OR = 1.985; 95% CI, 1.048-3.761). CONCLUSION Our findings suggested that rs217727 C>T polymorphism may be involved in the pathogenesis of BC, whereas rs3741219 T>C variation may not be involved in the genetic background of BC in Iranian.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safa Abdollahzadeh
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Ahar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahar, Iran
| | - Saeid Ghorbian
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Ahar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahar, Iran
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Yuan F, Lu L, Zhang Y, Wang S, Cai YD. Data mining of the cancer-related lncRNAs GO terms and KEGG pathways by using mRMR method. Math Biosci 2018; 304:1-8. [PMID: 30086268 DOI: 10.1016/j.mbs.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
LncRNAs plays an important role in the regulation of gene expression. Identification of cancer-related lncRNAs GO terms and KEGG pathways is great helpful for revealing cancer-related functional biological processes. Therefore, in this study, we proposed a computational method to identify novel cancer-related lncRNAs GO terms and KEGG pathways. By using existing lncRNA database and Max-relevance Min-redundancy (mRMR) method, GO terms and KEGG pathways were evaluated based on their importance on distinguishing cancer-related and non-cancer-related lncRNAs. Finally, GO terms and KEGG pathways with high importance were presented and analyzed. Our literature reviewing showed that the top 10 ranked GO terms and pathways were really related to interpretable tumorigenesis according to recent publications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Yuan
- Department of Science & Technology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou 256603, Shandong, China.
| | - Lin Lu
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York 10032, USA.
| | - YuHang Zhang
- Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.
| | - ShaoPeng Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
| | - Yu-Dong Cai
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
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Bao MH, Szeto V, Yang BB, Zhu SZ, Sun HS, Feng ZP. Long non-coding RNAs in ischemic stroke. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:281. [PMID: 29449542 PMCID: PMC5833768 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0282-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 212] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Stroke is one of the leading causes of mortality and disability worldwide. Uncovering the cellular and molecular pathophysiological processes in stroke have been a top priority. Long non-coding (lnc) RNAs play critical roles in different kinds of diseases. In recent years, a bulk of aberrantly expressed lncRNAs have been screened out in ischemic stroke patients or ischemia insulted animals using new technologies such as RNA-seq, deep sequencing, and microarrays. Nine specific lncRNAs, antisense non-coding RNA in the INK4 locus (ANRIL), metastasis-associate lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1), N1LR, maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3), H19, CaMK2D-associated transcript 1 (C2dat1), Fos downstream transcript (FosDT), small nucleolar RNA host gene 14 (SNHG14), and taurine-upregulated gene 1 (TUG1), were found increased in cerebral ischemic animals and/or oxygen-glucose deprived (OGD) cells. These lncRNAs were suggested to promote cell apoptosis, angiogenesis, inflammation, and cell death. Our Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis predicted that MEG3, H19, and MALAT1 might also be related to functions such as neurogenesis, angiogenesis, and inflammation through mechanisms of gene regulation (DNA transcription, RNA folding, methylation, and gene imprinting). This knowledge may provide a better understanding of the functions and mechanisms of lncRNAs in ischemic stroke. Further elucidating the functions and mechanisms of these lncRNAs in biological systems under normal and pathological conditions may lead to opportunities for identifying biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Hua Bao
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Institute of Neuroscience, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, 410219, China
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Vivian Szeto
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Burton B Yang
- Sunnybrook Research Institute and Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Shu-Zhen Zhu
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Hong-Shuo Sun
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Zhong-Ping Feng
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Increased plasma levels of lncRNA H19 and LIPCAR are associated with increased risk of coronary artery disease in a Chinese population. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7491. [PMID: 28790415 PMCID: PMC5548926 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07611-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies in animal models and humans show that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in the development of atherosclerosis, which contributes to the pathological foundation of coronary artery disease (CAD). LncRNAs in plasma and serum have been considered as promising novel biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis of cardiovascular diseases, especially CAD. We here measured the circulating levels of 8 individual lncRNAs which are known to be relevant to atherosclerosis in the plasma samples from 300 patients with CAD and 180 control subjects by using quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) methods. We found that the plasma level of H19 and long intergenic non-coding RNA predicting cardiac remodeling (LIPCAR) were significantly increased in patients with CAD. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.631 for H19 and 0.722 for LIPCAR. Multivariate logistic regression analyses indicated that plasma H19 and LIPCAR were independent predictors for CAD, even after adjustment for traditional cardiovascular risk factors. Further studies identified that plasma levels of H19 and LIPCAR were also increased in CAD patients with heart failure compared to those with normal cardiac function. Taken together, our results suggest that increased plasma levels of H19 and LIPCAR are associated with increased risk of CAD and may be considered as novel biomarkers for CAD.
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Bachmann N, Crazzolara R, Bohne F, Kotzot D, Maurer K, Enklaar T, Prawitt D, Bergmann C. Novel deletion in 11p15.5 imprinting center region 1 in a patient with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome provides insight into distal enhancer regulation and tumorigenesis. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2017; 64. [PMID: 27650505 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.26241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Revised: 07/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) is an early-onset overgrowth disorder with a high risk for embryonal tumors. It is mainly caused by dysregulation of imprinted genes on chromosome 11p15.5; however, the driving forces in the development of tumors are not fully understood. PROCEDURE We report on a female patient presenting with macrosomia, macroglossia, organomegaly and extensive bilateral nephroblastomatosis. Adjuvant chemotherapy was initiated; however, the patient developed hepatoblastoma and Wilms tumor at 5 and 12 months of age, respectively. Subsequent radiofrequency ablation of the liver tumor and partial nephrectomy followed by consolidation therapy achieved complete remission. RESULTS Molecular genetic analysis revealed a maternally derived large deletion of the complete H19-differentially methylated region (H19-DMR; imprinting control region-1 [ICR1]), the whole H19 gene itself as well as large parts of the distal enhancer region within the imprinting cluster-1 (IC1). Extended analysis showed highly elevated insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) expression, possibly explaining at least in part the distinct BWS features and tumor manifestations. CONCLUSIONS This study of a large maternal deletion encompassing the H19 gene and complete ICR1 is the first to demonstrate transcriptional consequences on IGF2 in addition to methylation effects resulting in severe overgrowth and occurrence of multiple tumors in a BWS patient. Studying this deletion helps to clarify the complex molecular processes involved in BWS and provides further insight into tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Roman Crazzolara
- Department for Pediatrics, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.,Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Florian Bohne
- Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Dieter Kotzot
- Division of Human Genetics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Kathrin Maurer
- Department for Pediatrics, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Thorsten Enklaar
- Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Dirk Prawitt
- Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Carsten Bergmann
- Center for Human Genetics, Bioscientia, Ingelheim, Germany.,Department of Medicine, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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Dechamethakun S, Muramatsu M. Long noncoding RNA variations in cardiometabolic diseases. J Hum Genet 2016; 62:97-104. [PMID: 27305986 DOI: 10.1038/jhg.2016.70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Revised: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cardiometabolic diseases are characterized as a combination of multiple risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and metabolic diseases including diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, hypertension and abdominal obesity. This cluster of abnormalities individually and interdependently leads to atherosclerosis and CVD morbidity and mortality. In the past decade, genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified a series of cardiometabolic disease-associated variants that can collectively explain a small proportion of the variability. Intriguingly, the susceptibility variants imputed from GWASs usually do not reside in the coding regions, suggesting a crucial role of the noncoding elements of the genome. In recent years, emerging evidence suggests that noncoding RNA (ncRNA) is functional for physiology and pathophysiology of human diseases. These include microRNAs and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) that are now implicated in human diseases. The ncRNAs can interact with each other and with proteins, to interfere gene expressions, leading to the development of many human disorders. Although evidence suggests the functional role of lncRNAs in cardiometabolic traits, the molecular mechanisms of gene regulation underlying cardiometabolic diseases remain to be better defined. Here, we summarize the recent discoveries of lncRNA variations in the context of cardiometabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sariya Dechamethakun
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaaki Muramatsu
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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15
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Xia Z, Yan R, Duan F, Song C, Wang P, Wang K. Genetic Polymorphisms in Long Noncoding RNA H19 Are Associated With Susceptibility to Breast Cancer in Chinese Population. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e2771. [PMID: 26886624 PMCID: PMC4998624 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000002771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
H19, a maternally expressed imprinted gene transcribing a long noncoding RNA, has previously been reported to be involved in tumorigenesis and cancer progression. However, the association between the H19 polymorphisms and breast cancer (BC) susceptibility has remained elusive. The aim of this study was to evaluate the associations between 2 H19 haplotype tagging SNPs (rs3741219 T>C, rs217727 C>T) and the risk of breast cancer. Our study comprised 464 BC patients and 467 cancer-free controls in China. rs3741219 and rs217727 were genotyped with polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment-length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and created restriction site PCR (CRS-RFLP) assays, respectively. False-positive report probability (FPRP) was calculated to test the false-positive association. On performing univariate analysis, no significant association between H19 polymorphisms (rs3741219 and rs217727) and BC was observed. However, in further stratified analyses, CT+TT genotypes of rs217727 had a significantly lower risk of breast cancer among women with number of pregnancy >2 (OR = 0.79; 95% CI = 0.55-0.97). CT genotype of rs217727 was associated with ER positivity (OR = 2.19; 95 % CI = 1.07-4.45) and HER-2 positivity (OR = 1.34; 95 % CI = 1.05-2.12). It was proved that our results were less likely to be false positives according to false-positive report probability calculation. Our findings extend available data on the association of H19 polymorphisms and BC susceptibility. Further validation in large population or cohort studies is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongjiang Xia
- From the Department of Surgery Medicine, Division of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University (ZX); Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University (RY, CS, PW, KW); Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology (RY, CS, PW, KW); and Department of Hospital Infection Management, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University (FD), Zhengzhou, China
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16
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Gao W, Zhu M, Wang H, Zhao S, Zhao D, Yang Y, Wang ZM, Wang F, Yang ZJ, Lu X, Wang LS. Association of polymorphisms in long non-coding RNA H19 with coronary artery disease risk in a Chinese population. Mutat Res 2015; 772:15-22. [PMID: 25772106 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2014.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2014] [Revised: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
H19 is an imprinted gene transcribing a long non-coding RNA and is downregulated postnatally. Re-expression of H19 has been observed in patients with atherosclerosis. However, to date, no data has been published on the association of H19 polymorphisms with the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). In this study, four polymorphisms, rs217727, rs2067051, rs2251375, rs4929984, were analyzed in 701 CAD patients and 873 age- and sex-matched control subjects. Polymorphisms were genotyped by TaqMan technology. Our data showed that the T variant of rs217727 was associated with an increased risk of CAD [additive model: odds ratio (OR)=2.05, 95%CI=1.35-3.12; dominant model: OR=1.46, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.12-1.90; recessive model: OR=1.75, 95%CI=1.18-2.58], while A variant of rs2067051 was associated with a decreased risk of CAD (additive model: OR=0.66, 95%CI=0.45-0.96; recessive model: OR=0.71, 95%CI=0.50-0.99). Combined analysis showed that subjects carrying 3 or 4 risk alleles had a significantly increased risk of CAD, relative to those with 0-2 risk alleles (OR=1.61, 95%CI=1.20-2.15). Moreover, CAD patients with 3 or 4 risk alleles also had significantly higher Gensini scores than those with 0-2 risk alleles (P=0.001). Further haplotype-based analysis revealed that individuals with C-G-C-C, T-G-A-A, and T-A-A-A haplotypes indicated a higher prevalence of CAD (OR=1.88, 95%CI=1.03-3.43; OR=2.26, 95%CI=1.19-4.31; OR=2.66, 95%CI=1.34-5.25, respectively), compared to individuals with the most common C-G-A-C haplotype. In conclusion, our study demonstrates for the first time that common polymorphisms of H19 are associated with the risk and severity of CAD in a Chinese population. Future studies are needed to explore the underlying mechanisms of our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Gao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Meng Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shan Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Di Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ze-Mu Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhi-Jian Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiang Lu
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Lian-Sheng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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Hansji H, Leung EY, Baguley BC, Finlay GJ, Askarian-Amiri ME. Keeping abreast with long non-coding RNAs in mammary gland development and breast cancer. Front Genet 2014; 5:379. [PMID: 25400658 PMCID: PMC4215690 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2014.00379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The majority of the human genome is transcribed, even though only 2% of transcripts encode proteins. Non-coding transcripts were originally dismissed as evolutionary junk or transcriptional noise, but with the development of whole genome technologies, these non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are emerging as molecules with vital roles in regulating gene expression. While shorter ncRNAs have been extensively studied, the functional roles of long ncRNAs (lncRNAs) are still being elucidated. Studies over the last decade show that lncRNAs are emerging as new players in a number of diseases including cancer. Potential roles in both oncogenic and tumor suppressive pathways in cancer have been elucidated, but the biological functions of the majority of lncRNAs remain to be identified. Accumulated data are identifying the molecular mechanisms by which lncRNA mediates both structural and functional roles. LncRNA can regulate gene expression at both transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels, including splicing and regulating mRNA processing, transport, and translation. Much current research is aimed at elucidating the function of lncRNAs in breast cancer and mammary gland development, and at identifying the cellular processes influenced by lncRNAs. In this paper we review current knowledge of lncRNAs contributing to these processes and present lncRNA as a new paradigm in breast cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herah Hansji
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, University of Auckland Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Euphemia Y Leung
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, University of Auckland Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Bruce C Baguley
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, University of Auckland Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Graeme J Finlay
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, University of Auckland Auckland, New Zealand ; Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, University of Auckland Auckland, New Zealand
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18
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Serviss JT, Johnsson P, Grandér D. An emerging role for long non-coding RNAs in cancer metastasis. Front Genet 2014; 5:234. [PMID: 25101115 PMCID: PMC4103511 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2014.00234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2013] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is a multistep process beginning with the dissemination of tumor cells from a primary site and leading to secondary tumor development in an anatomically distant location. Although significant progress has been made in understanding the molecular characteristics of metastasis, many questions remain regarding the intracellular mechanisms governing transition through the various metastatic stages. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are capable of modulating both transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation, and thus, coordinating a wide array of diverse cellular processes. Current evidence indicates that lncRNAs may also play a crucial role in the metastatic process through regulation of metastatic signaling cascades as well as interaction with specific metastatic factors. Here we summarize a subset of lncRNAs with proposed roles in metastasis and, when applicable, highlight the mechanism by which they function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason T Serviss
- Grander Lab, Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institutet Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per Johnsson
- Grander Lab, Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institutet Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dan Grandér
- Grander Lab, Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institutet Stockholm, Sweden
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19
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Fortier AL, McGraw S, Lopes FL, Niles KM, Landry M, Trasler JM. Modulation of imprinted gene expression following superovulation. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2014; 388:51-7. [PMID: 24631781 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2014.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2013] [Revised: 01/27/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Although assisted reproductive technologies increase the risk of low birth weight and genomic imprinting disorders, the precise underlying causes remain unclear. Using a mouse model, we previously showed that superovulation alters the expression of imprinted genes in the placenta at 9.5days (E9.5) of gestation. Here, we investigate whether effects of superovulation on genomic imprinting persisted at later stages of development and assess the surviving fetuses for growth and morphological abnormalities. Superovulation, followed by embryo transfer at E3.5, as compared to spontaneous ovulation (controls), resulted in embryos of normal size and weight at 14.5 and 18.5days of gestation. The normal monoallelic expression of the imprinted genes H19, Snrpn and Kcnq1ot1 was unaffected in either the placentae or the embryos from the superovulated females at E14.5 or E18.5. However, for the paternally expressed imprinted gene Igf2, superovulation generated placentae with reduced production of the mature protein at E9.5 and significantly more variable mRNA levels at E14.5. We propose that superovulation results in the ovulation of abnormal oocytes with altered expression of imprinted genes, but that the coregulated genes of the imprinted gene network result in modulated expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda L Fortier
- Research Institute at the Montreal Children's Hospital of the McGill University Health Centre and Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3H 1P3, Canada
| | - Serge McGraw
- Research Institute at the Montreal Children's Hospital of the McGill University Health Centre and Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3H 1P3, Canada; Research Institute at the Montreal Children's Hospital of the McGill University Health Centre and Department of Pediatrics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3H 1P3, Canada
| | - Flavia L Lopes
- Research Institute at the Montreal Children's Hospital of the McGill University Health Centre and Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3H 1P3, Canada; Research Institute at the Montreal Children's Hospital of the McGill University Health Centre and Department of Pediatrics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3H 1P3, Canada
| | - Kirsten M Niles
- Research Institute at the Montreal Children's Hospital of the McGill University Health Centre and Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3H 1P3, Canada
| | - Mylène Landry
- Research Institute at the Montreal Children's Hospital of the McGill University Health Centre and Department of Pediatrics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3H 1P3, Canada
| | - Jacquetta M Trasler
- Research Institute at the Montreal Children's Hospital of the McGill University Health Centre and Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3H 1P3, Canada; Research Institute at the Montreal Children's Hospital of the McGill University Health Centre and Department of Pediatrics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3H 1P3, Canada; Research Institute at the Montreal Children's Hospital of the McGill University Health Centre and Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3H 1P3, Canada.
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20
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Ribarska T, Goering W, Droop J, Bastian KM, Ingenwerth M, Schulz WA. Deregulation of an imprinted gene network in prostate cancer. Epigenetics 2014; 9:704-17. [PMID: 24513574 DOI: 10.4161/epi.28006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple epigenetic alterations contribute to prostate cancer progression by deregulating gene expression. Epigenetic mechanisms, especially differential DNA methylation at imprinting control regions (termed DMRs), normally ensure the exclusive expression of imprinted genes from one specific parental allele. We therefore wondered to which extent imprinted genes become deregulated in prostate cancer and, if so, whether deregulation is due to altered DNA methylation at DMRs. Therefore, we selected presumptive deregulated imprinted genes from a previously conducted in silico analysis and from the literature and analyzed their expression in prostate cancer tissues by qRT-PCR. We found significantly diminished expression of PLAGL1/ZAC1, MEG3, NDN, CDKN1C, IGF2, and H19, while LIT1 was significantly overexpressed. The PPP1R9A gene, which is imprinted in selected tissues only, was strongly overexpressed, but was expressed biallelically in benign and cancerous prostatic tissues. Expression of many of these genes was strongly correlated, suggesting co-regulation, as in an imprinted gene network (IGN) reported in mice. Deregulation of the network genes also correlated with EZH2 and HOXC6 overexpression. Pyrosequencing analysis of all relevant DMRs revealed generally stable DNA methylation between benign and cancerous prostatic tissues, but frequent hypo- and hyper-methylation was observed at the H19 DMR in both benign and cancerous tissues. Re-expression of the ZAC1 transcription factor induced H19, CDKN1C and IGF2, supporting its function as a nodal regulator of the IGN. Our results indicate that a group of imprinted genes are coordinately deregulated in prostate cancers, independently of DNA methylation changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teodora Ribarska
- Department of Urology; Heinrich Heine University; Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Goering
- Department of Urology; Heinrich Heine University; Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Johanna Droop
- Department of Urology; Heinrich Heine University; Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Marc Ingenwerth
- Department of Urology; Heinrich Heine University; Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute for Anatomy II; Heinrich Heine University; Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Wolfgang A Schulz
- Department of Urology; Heinrich Heine University; Düsseldorf, Germany
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Yu LL, Chang K, Lu LS, Zhao D, Han J, Zheng YR, Yan YH, Yi P, Guo JX, Zhou YG, Chen M, Li L. Lentivirus-mediated RNA interference targeting the H19 gene inhibits cell proliferation and apoptosis in human choriocarcinoma cell line JAR. BMC Cell Biol 2013; 14:26. [PMID: 23711233 PMCID: PMC3679798 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2121-14-26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2013] [Accepted: 05/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background H19 is a paternally imprinted gene that has been shown to be highly expressed in the trophoblast tissue. Results from previous studies have initiated a debate as to whether noncoding RNA H19 acts as a tumor suppressor or as a tumor promotor in trophoblast tissue. In the present study, we developed lentiviral vectors expressing H19-specific small interfering RNA (siRNA) to specifically block the expression of H19 in the human choriocarcinoma cell line JAR. Using this approach, we investigated the impact of the H19 gene on the proliferation, invasion and apoptosis of JAR cells. Moreover, we examined the effect of H19 knockdown on the expression of insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2), hairy and enhancer of split homologue-1 (HES-1) and dual-specific phosphatase 5 (DUSP5) genes. Results H19 knockdown inhibited apoptosis and proliferation of JAR cells, but had no significant impact on cell invasion. In addition, H19 knockdown resulted in significant upregulation of HES-1 and DUSP5 expression, but not IGF2 expression in JAR cells. Conclusions The finding that H19 downregulation could simultaneously inhibit proliferation and apoptosis of JAR cells highlights a putative dual function for H19 in choriocarcinoma and may explain the debate on whether H19 acts as a tumor suppressor or a tumor promotor in trophoblast tissue. Furthermore, upregulation of HES-1 and DUSP5 may mediate H19 downregulation-induced suppression of proliferation and apoptosis of JAR cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Li Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
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Borensztein M, Monnier P, Court F, Louault Y, Ripoche MA, Tiret L, Yao Z, Tapscott SJ, Forné T, Montarras D, Dandolo L. Myod and H19-Igf2 locus interactions are required for diaphragm formation in the mouse. Development 2013; 140:1231-9. [PMID: 23406902 DOI: 10.1242/dev.084665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The myogenic regulatory factor Myod and insulin-like growth factor 2 (Igf2) have been shown to interact in vitro during myogenic differentiation. In order to understand how they interact in vivo, we produced double-mutant mice lacking both the Myod and Igf2 genes. Surprisingly, these mice display neonatal lethality due to severe diaphragm atrophy. Alteration of diaphragm muscle development occurs as early as 15.5 days post-coitum in the double-mutant embryos and leads to a defect in the terminal differentiation of muscle progenitor cells. A negative-feedback loop was detected between Myod and Igf2 in embryonic muscles. Igf2 belongs to the imprinted H19-Igf2 locus. Molecular analyses show binding of Myod on a mesodermal enhancer (CS9) of the H19 gene. Chromatin conformation capture experiments reveal direct interaction of CS9 with the H19 promoter, leading to increased H19 expression in the presence of Myod. In turn, the non-coding H19 RNA represses Igf2 expression in trans. In addition, Igf2 also negatively regulates Myod expression, possibly by reducing the expression of the Srf transcription factor, a known Myod activator. In conclusion, Igf2 and Myod are tightly co-regulated in skeletal muscles and act in parallel pathways in the diaphragm, where they affect the progression of myogenic differentiation. Igf2 is therefore an essential player in the formation of a functional diaphragm in the absence of Myod.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maud Borensztein
- Genetics and Development Department, Inserm U1016, CNRS UMR 8104, University of Paris Descartes, Institut Cochin, 75014 Paris, France
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23
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Vennin C, Dahmani F, Spruyt N, Adriaenssens E. Role of long non-coding RNA in cells: Example of the <i>H</i>19/<i>IGF</i>2 locus. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.4236/abb.2013.45a004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Tran VG, Court F, Duputié A, Antoine E, Aptel N, Milligan L, Carbonell F, Lelay-Taha MN, Piette J, Weber M, Montarras D, Pinset C, Dandolo L, Forné T, Cathala G. H19 antisense RNA can up-regulate Igf2 transcription by activation of a novel promoter in mouse myoblasts. PLoS One 2012; 7:e37923. [PMID: 22662250 PMCID: PMC3360672 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0037923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2012] [Accepted: 04/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
It was recently shown that a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), that we named the 91H RNA (i.e. antisense H19 transcript), is overexpressed in human breast tumours and contributes in trans to the expression of the Insulin-like Growth Factor 2 (IGF2) gene on the paternal chromosome. Our preliminary experiments suggested that an H19 antisense transcript having a similar function may also be conserved in the mouse. In the present work, we further characterise the mouse 91H RNA and, using a genetic complementation approach in H19 KO myoblast cells, we show that ectopic expression of the mouse 91H RNA can up-regulate Igf2 expression in trans despite almost complete unmethylation of the Imprinting-Control Region (ICR). We then demonstrate that this activation occurs at the transcriptional level by activation of a previously unknown Igf2 promoter which displays, in mouse tissues, a preferential mesodermic expression (Pm promoter). Finally, our experiments indicate that a large excess of the H19 transcript can counteract 91H-mediated Igf2 activation. Our work contributes, in conjunction with other recent findings, to open new horizons to our understanding of Igf2 gene regulation and functions of the 91H/H19 RNAs in normal and pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van Giang Tran
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, UMR 5535 CNRS-Université Montpellier II, Montpellier, France
| | - Franck Court
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, UMR 5535 CNRS-Université Montpellier II, Montpellier, France
| | - Anne Duputié
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, UMR 5535 CNRS-Université Montpellier II, Montpellier, France
| | - Etienne Antoine
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, UMR 5535 CNRS-Université Montpellier II, Montpellier, France
| | - Nathalie Aptel
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, UMR 5535 CNRS-Université Montpellier II, Montpellier, France
| | - Laura Milligan
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, UMR 5535 CNRS-Université Montpellier II, Montpellier, France
| | - Françoise Carbonell
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, UMR 5535 CNRS-Université Montpellier II, Montpellier, France
| | - Marie-Noëlle Lelay-Taha
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, UMR 5535 CNRS-Université Montpellier II, Montpellier, France
| | - Jacques Piette
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, UMR 5535 CNRS-Université Montpellier II, Montpellier, France
| | - Michaël Weber
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, UMR 5535 CNRS-Université Montpellier II, Montpellier, France
| | - Didier Montarras
- Molecular Genetics of Development Unit, Department of Development Biology, URA CNRS 2578, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | | | - Luisa Dandolo
- Genetics and Development Department, INSERM U567, CNRS UMR 8104, University Paris Descartes, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Thierry Forné
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, UMR 5535 CNRS-Université Montpellier II, Montpellier, France
- * E-mail: (TF); (GC)
| | - Guy Cathala
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, UMR 5535 CNRS-Université Montpellier II, Montpellier, France
- * E-mail: (TF); (GC)
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Gabory A, Jammes H, Dandolo L. The H19 locus: role of an imprinted non-coding RNA in growth and development. Bioessays 2010; 32:473-80. [PMID: 20486133 DOI: 10.1002/bies.200900170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 461] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The H19 gene produces a non-coding RNA, which is abundantly expressed during embryonic development and down-regulated after birth. Although this gene was discovered over 20 years ago, its function has remained unclear. Only recently a role was identified for the non-coding RNA and/or its microRNA partner, first as a tumour suppressor gene in mice, then as a trans-regulator of a group of co-expressed genes belonging to the imprinted gene network that is likely to control foetal and early postnatal growth in mice. The mechanisms underlying this transcriptional or post-transcriptional regulation remain to be discovered, perhaps by identifying the protein partners of the full-length H19 RNA or the targets of the microRNA. This first in vivo evidence of a functional role for the H19 locus provides new insights into how genomic imprinting helps to control embryonic growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Gabory
- Biology of Development and Reproduction, INRA-ENVA, UMR 1198, Jouy en Josas, France
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Gabory A, Ripoche MA, Le Digarcher A, Watrin F, Ziyyat A, Forné T, Jammes H, Ainscough JFX, Surani MA, Journot L, Dandolo L. H19 acts as a trans regulator of the imprinted gene network controlling growth in mice. Development 2009; 136:3413-21. [PMID: 19762426 DOI: 10.1242/dev.036061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 266] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The imprinted H19 gene produces a non-coding RNA of unknown function. Mice lacking H19 show an overgrowth phenotype, due to a cis effect of the H19 locus on the adjacent Igf2 gene. To explore the function of the RNA itself, we produced transgenic mice overexpressing H19. We observed postnatal growth reduction in two independent transgenic lines and detected a decrease of Igf2 expression in embryos. An extensive analysis of several other genes from the newly described imprinted gene network (IGN) was performed in both loss- and gain-of-function animals. We found that H19 deletion leads to the upregulation of several genes of the IGN. This overexpression is restored to the wild-type level by transgenic expression of H19. We therefore propose that the H19 gene participates as a trans regulator in the fine-tuning of this IGN in the mouse embryo. This is the first in vivo evidence of a functional role for the H19 RNA. Our results also bring further experimental evidence for the existence of the IGN and open new perspectives in the comprehension of the role of genomic imprinting in embryonic growth and in human imprinting pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Gabory
- Genetics and Development Department, Inserm U567, CNRS UMR 8104, University of Paris Descartes, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
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28
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A novel H19 antisense RNA overexpressed in breast cancer contributes to paternal IGF2 expression. Mol Cell Biol 2008; 28:6731-45. [PMID: 18794369 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.02103-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The H19/IGFf2 locus belongs to a large imprinted domain located on human chromosome 11p15.5 (homologue to mouse distal chromosome 7). The H19 gene is expressed from the maternal allele, while IGF2 is paternally expressed. Natural antisense transcripts and intergenic transcription have been involved in many aspects of eukaryotic gene expression, including genomic imprinting and RNA interference. However, apart from the identification of some IGF2 antisense transcripts, few data are available on that topic at the H19/IGF2 locus. We identify here a novel transcriptional activity at both the human and the mouse H19/IGF2 imprinted loci. This activity occurs antisense to the H19 gene and has the potential to produce a single 120-kb transcript that we called the 91H RNA. This nuclear and short-lived RNA is not imprinted in mouse but is expressed predominantly from the maternal allele in both mice and humans within the H19 gene region. Moreover, the transcript is stabilized in breast cancer cells and overexpressed in human breast tumors. Finally, knockdown experiments showed that, in humans, 91H, rather than affecting H19 expression, regulates IGF2 expression in trans.
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Verhaegh GW, Verkleij L, Vermeulen SHHM, den Heijer M, Witjes JA, Kiemeney LA. Polymorphisms in the H19 gene and the risk of bladder cancer. Eur Urol 2008; 54:1118-26. [PMID: 18262338 DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2008.01.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2007] [Accepted: 01/21/2008] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES H19 is an imprinted gene coding for an oncofetal RNA that is down-regulated postnatally. Reactivation of the H19 gene has been observed in bladder tumors, and H19 expression has been associated with early recurrence of disease. In this study we examined whether sequence variants within the H19 gene are associated with the risk of developing bladder cancer. METHODS Five tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms (tagSNPs) covering the H19 gene and its promoter region were selected with the use of Haploview software. One hundred and seventy-seven bladder cancer patients who were referred to our university hospital were genotyped for these tagSNPs. The genotypes were compared with those of a random sample of 204 controls of the general population. RESULTS A significantly decreased risk of bladder cancer was found for the rs2839698 TC genotype (odds ratio [OR], 0.60; 95% confidence interval (95%CI), 0.36-0.99), but not for CC homozygotes. The rs2839698 TC genotype was especially associated with a reduced risk of developing non-muscle-invasive disease (OR, 0.52; 95%CI, 0.28-0.94). Borderline significantly decreased risks of bladder cancer were found for the rs2107425 CT genotype (OR, 0.66; 95%CI, 0.43-1.00), but not for TT homozygotes or for T allele carriers of rs217727 (OR, 0.74; 95%CI, 0.51-1.06). Haplotype analysis did not result in stronger associations with bladder cancer compared with the single-locus analyses. CONCLUSIONS An SNP polymorphism in the non-protein-encoding H19 gene is associated with a decreased risk of developing non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. This association was found for only heterozygotes, not for homozygotes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald W Verhaegh
- Department of Urology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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30
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Varghese AC, Goldberg E, Agarwal A. Current and future perspectives on intracytoplasmic sperm injection: a critical commentary. Reprod Biomed Online 2007; 15:719-27. [DOI: 10.1016/s1472-6483(10)60540-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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31
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Barsyte-Lovejoy D, Lau SK, Boutros PC, Khosravi F, Jurisica I, Andrulis IL, Tsao MS, Penn LZ. The c-Myc oncogene directly induces the H19 noncoding RNA by allele-specific binding to potentiate tumorigenesis. Cancer Res 2006; 66:5330-7. [PMID: 16707459 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-06-0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 390] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The product of the MYC oncogene is widely deregulated in cancer and functions as a regulator of gene transcription. Despite an extensive profile of regulated genes, the transcriptional targets of c-Myc essential for transformation remain unclear. In this study, we show that c-Myc significantly induces the expression of the H19 noncoding RNA in diverse cell types, including breast epithelial, glioblastoma, and fibroblast cells. c-Myc binds to evolutionarily conserved E-boxes near the imprinting control region to facilitate histone acetylation and transcriptional initiation of the H19 promoter. In addition, c-Myc down-regulates the expression of insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2), the reciprocally imprinted gene at the H19/IGF2 locus. We show that c-Myc regulates these two genes independently and does not affect H19 imprinting. Indeed, allele-specific chromatin immunoprecipitation and expression analyses indicate that c-Myc binds and drives the expression of only the maternal H19 allele. The role of H19 in transformation is addressed using a knockdown approach and shows that down-regulation of H19 significantly decreases breast and lung cancer cell clonogenicity and anchorage-independent growth. In addition, c-Myc and H19 expression shows strong association in primary breast and lung carcinomas. This work indicates that c-Myc induction of the H19 gene product holds an important role in transformation.
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MESH Headings
- Acetylation
- Alleles
- Animals
- Breast/metabolism
- Breast/physiology
- Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/genetics
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/physiology
- Genes, myc/physiology
- Genomic Imprinting
- Glioblastoma/genetics
- Glioblastoma/metabolism
- Histones/genetics
- Histones/metabolism
- Humans
- Insulin-Like Growth Factor II/biosynthesis
- Insulin-Like Growth Factor II/genetics
- Lung Neoplasms/genetics
- Lung Neoplasms/metabolism
- Promoter Regions, Genetic
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc/biosynthesis
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc/metabolism
- RNA, Long Noncoding
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- RNA, Untranslated/biosynthesis
- RNA, Untranslated/genetics
- Rats
- Transcription, Genetic
- Up-Regulation
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia Barsyte-Lovejoy
- Division of Cancer Genomics and Proteomics, Ontario Cancer Institute/Princess Margaret Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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Murphy SK, Huang Z, Wen Y, Spillman MA, Whitaker RS, Simel LR, Nichols TD, Marks JR, Berchuck A. Frequent IGF2/H19 domain epigenetic alterations and elevated IGF2 expression in epithelial ovarian cancer. Mol Cancer Res 2006; 4:283-92. [PMID: 16603642 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-05-0138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Overexpression of the imprinted insulin-like growth factor-II (IGF2) is a prominent characteristic of gynecologic malignancies. The purpose of this study was to determine whether IGF2 loss of imprinting (LOI), aberrant H19 expression, and/or epigenetic deregulation of the IGF2/H19 imprinted domain contributes to elevated IGF2 expression in serous epithelial ovarian tumors. IGF2 LOI was observed in 5 of 23 informative serous epithelial ovarian cancers, but this did not correlate with elevated expression of IGF2 H19 RNA expression levels were also found not to correlate with IGF2 transcript levels. However, we identified positive correlations between elevated IGF2 expression and hypermethylation of CCCTC transcription factor binding sites 1 and 6 at the H19 proximal imprint center (P = 0.05 and 0.02, respectively). Hypermethylation of CCCTC transcription factor sites 1 and 6 was observed more frequently in cancer DNA compared with lymphocyte DNA obtained from women without malignancy (P < 0.0001 for both sites 1 and 6). Ovarian cancers were also more likely to exhibit maternal allele-specific hypomethylation upstream of the imprinted IGF2 promoters when compared with normal lymphocyte DNA (P = 0.004). This is the same region shown previously to be hypomethylated in colon cancers with IGF2 LOI, but this was not associated with LOI in ovarian cancers. Elevated IGF2 expression is a frequent event in serous ovarian cancer and this occurs in the absence of IGF2 LOI. These data indicate that the epigenetic changes observed in these cancers at the imprint center may contribute to IGF2 overexpression in a novel mechanistic manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan K Murphy
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Box 91012, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
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Gabory A, Ripoche MA, Yoshimizu T, Dandolo L. The H19 gene: regulation and function of a non-coding RNA. Cytogenet Genome Res 2006; 113:188-93. [PMID: 16575179 DOI: 10.1159/000090831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2005] [Accepted: 11/14/2005] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The H19 gene encodes a 2.3-kb non-coding mRNA which is strongly expressed during embryogenesis. This gene belongs to an imprinted cluster, conserved on mouse chromosome 7 and human chromosome 11p15. H19 is maternally expressed and the neighbouring Igf2 gene is transcribed from the paternal allele. These two genes are co-expressed in endoderm- and mesoderm-derived tissues during embryonic development, which suggests a common mechanism of regulation. The regulatory elements (imprinted control region, CTCF insulation, different enhancer sequences, promoters of the two genes, matrix attachment regions) confer a differential chromatin architecture to the two parental alleles leading to reciprocal expression. The role of the H19 gene is unclear but different aspects have been proposed. H19 influences growth by way of a cis control on Igf2 expression. Although H19(-/-) mice are viable, a role for this gene during development has been suggested by viable H19(-/-) parthenogenetic mice. Finally it has been described as a putative tumour suppressor gene. H19 has been studied by numerous laboratories over the last fifteen years, nevertheless the function of this non-coding RNA remains to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gabory
- Department of Genetics and Development, Institut Cochin, INSERM U567, CNRS UMR 8104, University Paris V Descartes, Paris, France
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Berteaux N, Lottin S, Monté D, Pinte S, Quatannens B, Coll J, Hondermarck H, Curgy JJ, Dugimont T, Adriaenssens E. H19 mRNA-like noncoding RNA promotes breast cancer cell proliferation through positive control by E2F1. J Biol Chem 2005; 280:29625-36. [PMID: 15985428 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m504033200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 283] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The imprinted H19 gene has riboregulatory functions. We show here that H19 transcription is up-regulated during the S-phase of growth-stimulated cells and that the H19 promoter is activated by E2F1 in breast cancer cells. H19 repression by pRb and E2F6 confirms the E2F1-dependent control of the H19 promoter. Consistently, we demonstrate by chromatin immunoprecipitation assays that endogenous E2F1 is recruited to the H19 promoter in vivo. The functionality of E2F promoter sites was further confirmed by gel shift and mutagenesis experiments, revealing that these sites are required for binding and promoter response to E2F1 exogenous expression and serum stimulation. Furthermore, we show that H19 overexpression confers a growth advantage on breast cancer cells released from growth arrest as well as in asynchronously growing cells. The H19 knockdown by small interfering RNA duplexes impedes S-phase entry in both wild-type and stably H19-transfected cells. Based on these findings, we conclude that the H19 RNA is actively linked to E2F1 to promote cell cycle progression of breast cancer cells. This clearly supports the H19 oncogenic function in breast tumor genesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Berteaux
- ERI-8 INSERM Signalisation des Facteurs de Croissance dans le Cancer du Sein, Protéomique Fonctionnelle, UPRES-EA 1033, IFR 118, Université des Sciences et Technologies de Lille (USTL), Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
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Abstract
The kinship theory of genomic imprinting proposes that parent-specific gene expression evolves at a locus because a gene's level of expression in one individual has fitness effects on other individuals who have different probabilities of carrying the maternal and paternal alleles of the individual in which the gene is expressed. Therefore, natural selection favors different levels of expression depending on an allele's sex-of-origin in the previous generation. This review considers the strength of evidence in support of this hypothesis for imprinted genes in four "clusters," associated with the imprinted loci Igf2, Igf2r, callipyge, and Gnas. The clusters associated with Igf2 and Igf2r both contain paternally expressed transcripts that act as enhancers of prenatal growth and maternally expressed transcripts that act as inhibitors of prenatal growth. This is consistent with predictions of the kinship theory. However, the clusters also contain imprinted genes whose phenotypes as yet remain unexplained by the theory. The principal effects of imprinted genes in the callipyge and Gnas clusters appear to involve lipid and energy metabolism. The kinship theory predicts that maternally expressed transcripts will favor higher levels of nonshivering thermogenesis (NST) in brown adipose tissue (BAT) of animals that huddle for warmth as offspring. The phenotypes of reciprocal heterozygotes for Gnas knockouts provide provisional support for this hypothesis, as does some evidence from other imprinted genes (albeit more tentatively). The diverse effects of imprinted genes on the development of white adipose tissue (WAT) have so far defied a unifying hypothesis in terms of the kinship theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Haig
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA.
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36
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Bock O, Tessema M, Serinsöz E, von Wasielewski R, Büsche G, Kreipe H. Aberrant expression of insulin-like growth factor-2 (IGF-2) in Philadelphia chromosome negative chronic myeloproliferative disorders. Leuk Res 2004; 28:1145-51. [PMID: 15380337 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2004.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2003] [Accepted: 03/10/2004] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Philadelphia chromosome negative chronic myeloproliferative disorders (Ph- CMPD) comprise haematopoietic stem cell disorders with currently unknown underlying molecular defect. Insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF-2) is an imprinted gene that is known to be involved in the regulation of normal cell growth and that is overexpressed by a variety of tumors. The expression of IGF-2 in bone marrow cells is largely unknown. In order to elucidate gene expression level, protein expression pattern, and a potential role of IGF-2 in the pathogenesis of Ph- CMPD, we quantitatively analyzed the expression of the IGF-2 gene in bone marrow cells of 69 cases with Ph- CMPD and 31 control cases by applying real-time RT-PCR. IGF-2 gene expression in idiopathic myelofibrosis (IMF) was significantly increased by up to 11-fold as compared to the control group (P < 0.0001). IMF also expressed higher IGF-2 gene level as compared to essential thrombocythaemia (ET) and polycythaemia vera (PV) (P < 0.0001, P = 0.005, respectively). Paranuclear IGF-2 protein could be demonstrated in IMF, ET, and PV exclusively in megakaryocytes and myeloid progenitor cells in contrast to undetectable IGF-2 protein in control cases. We conclude that overexpression of the IGF-2 gene is a pathogenic feature in IMF. In addition, an abundant translational and post-translational processing could explain the accumulation of IGF-2 protein detectable in all Ph- CMPD entities in contrast to non-neoplastic haematopoiesis. We conclude that IGF-2 represents a new molecular target for evaluation of underlying fundamental pathomechanisms in Ph- CMPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Bock
- Institute of Pathology, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625, Germany.
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Bock O, Schlué J, Kreipe H. Reduced expression of H19 in bone marrow cells from chronic myeloproliferative disorders. Leukemia 2003; 17:815-6. [PMID: 12682647 DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2402830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
MESH Headings
- Bone Marrow Cells/metabolism
- Chronic Disease
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Genomic Imprinting
- Hematopoiesis
- Humans
- Insulin-Like Growth Factor II/genetics
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Chronic/genetics
- Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Chronic/metabolism
- Myeloproliferative Disorders/genetics
- Myeloproliferative Disorders/metabolism
- Neoplasm Proteins/biosynthesis
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- RNA, Long Noncoding
- RNA, Neoplasm/biosynthesis
- RNA, Untranslated/biosynthesis
- RNA, Untranslated/genetics
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38
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Sharp SB, Villalvazo M, Huang M, Gonzalez R, Alarcon I, Bahamonde M, D'Agostin DM, Damle S, Espinosa A, Han SJ, Liu J, Navarro P, Salguero H, Son J, Vu S. Further characterization of BC3H1 myogenic cells reveals lack of p53 activity and underexpression of several p53 regulated and extracellular matrix-associated gene products. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2002; 38:382-93. [PMID: 12534338 DOI: 10.1290/1071-2690(2002)038<0382:fcobmc>2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
To catalog factors that may contribute to the completion of myogenesis, we have been looking for molecular differences between BC3H1 and C2C12 cells. Cells of the BC3H1 tumor line, though myogenic, are nonfusing, and withdraw from the cell cycle only reversibly, whereas cells of the C2C12 line fuse, differentiate terminally, and express several muscle-specific gene products that BC3H1 cells do not. Relative to C2C12 cells, BC3H1 cells underaccumulated cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 and underaccumulated transcripts for p21, GADD45, CDO, decorin, osteopontin, H19, fibronectin, and thrombospondin-1 (tsp-1). Levels of accumulation of H19, tsp-1, and larger isoforms of fibronectin messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) were found to increase in response to expression of myogenic regulatory factors as shown by their accumulation in differentiated myogenically converted 10T1/2 cells but not in 10T1/2 fibroblasts. BC3H1s accumulated a temperature-insensitive, geldanamycin-sensitive, misfolded form of p53 incapable of transactivating a p53 responsive reporter, consistent with underexpression of p21, GADD45, and tsp-1. BC3H1 and C2C12 cells were similar with respect to upregulation of p27 protein, downregulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1 (MKP-1) protein, upregulation of retinoblastoma (Rb) mRNA, and nuclear localization of hypophosphorylated Rb. Cells of both lines expressed the muscle-specific 1b isoform of MEF2D. Although nonfusing in the short term, after more than 18 d in differentiation medium, some cultures of BC3H1 cells formed viable multinucleated cells in which the nuclei did not reinitiate synthesis of DNA in response to serum. Our findings suggest participation of tsp-1 and specific isoforms of fibronectin in myogenesis and suggest additional avenues of research in myogenesis and oncogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra B Sharp
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, 5151 State University Drive, Los Angeles, California 90032, USA.
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Kanwar YS, Kumar A, Ota K, Lin S, Wada J, Chugh S, Wallner EI. Identification of developmentally regulated mesodermal-specific transcript in mouse embryonic metanephros. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2002; 282:F953-65. [PMID: 11934706 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00200.2001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesodermal-specific cDNA or transcript (MEST) was identified by suppression subtractive hybridization-PCR of cDNA isolated from embryonic day 13 vs. newborn mice kidneys. At day 13 of mouse gestation, a high expression of MEST, with a single approximately 2.7-kb transcript that was exclusively localized to the metanephric mesenchyme was observed. The MEST mRNA expression gradually decreased during the later stages and then abruptly decreased in the newborn kidneys and subsequent postnatal life, after which a very mild expression persisted in the glomerular mesangium. Regression in mRNA expression during embryonic renal development appears to be related to methylation of the MEST gene. Treatment of metanephroi, harvested at day 13 of gestation with MEST-specific antisense oligodeoxynucleotide resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in the size of the explants and the nephron population. This was associated with a selective decrease in MEST mRNA expression and accelerated apoptosis of the mesenchyme. These findings suggest that MEST, a gene with a putative mesenchymal cell-derived protein, conceivably plays a role in mammalian metanephric development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yashpal S Kanwar
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA.
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40
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Adriaenssens E, Lottin S, Berteaux N, Hornez L, Fauquette W, Fafeur V, Peyrat JP, Le Bourhis X, Hondermarck H, Coll J, Dugimont T, Curgy JJ. Cross-talk between mesenchyme and epithelium increases H19 gene expression during scattering and morphogenesis of epithelial cells. Exp Cell Res 2002; 275:215-29. [PMID: 11969291 DOI: 10.1006/excr.2002.5500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The H19 gene is an imprinted gene expressed from the maternal allele. It is known to function as an RNA molecule. We previously reported that in breast adenocarcinoma, H19 is often overexpressed in stromal cells and preferentially located at the epithelium/stroma boundary, suggesting that epithelial/mesenchymal interactions can control H19 RNA expression. In some cases of breast adenocarcinoma with poor prognosis, H19 is overexpressed in epithelial cells. Therefore we examined whether mesenchymal factors can induce H19 expression in epithelial cells. Using quantitative RT-PCR and in situ hybridization, we found that when mammary epithelial cells were cultured in collagen gels, H19 expression was strongly up-regulated compared to when cells were cultured on plastic. Collagen gels allow three-dimensional growth of epithelial cells and morphogenetic responses to soluble factors. A conditioned medium from MRC-5 fibroblasts caused branching morphogenesis of HBL-100 cells and invasive growth of MDA-MB-231 cells, whereas MCF-7 cells were unresponsive. Induction of H19 expression correlated with morphological changes in HBL-100 and in MDA-MB-231 cells, whereas H19 expression was not induced in MCF-7 cells. Using a blocking antibody, HGF/SF was identified as the fibroblast-derived growth factor capable of inducing H19 expression and cell morphogenesis. We further demonstrated that H19 promoter activity was stimulated by various growth factors using transient transfection in MDCK epithelial cells. HGF/SF was more efficient than EGF or FGF-2 in transactivating the H19 promoter, whereas IGF-2, TGFbeta-1, and TNF-alpha were ineffective. This activation by HGF/SF was prevented by pharmacological inhibition of MAP kinase or of phospholipase C. We conclude that H19 is a target gene for HGF/SF, a known regulator of epithelial/mesenchymal interactions, and suggest that the up-regulation of H19 may be implicated in morphogenesis and/or migration of epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Adriaenssens
- Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement, UPRES-EA 1033, Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, 59655, France
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41
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Lottin S, Vercoutter-Edouart AS, Adriaenssens E, Czeszak X, Lemoine J, Roudbaraki M, Coll J, Hondermarck H, Dugimont T, Curgy JJ. Thioredoxin post-transcriptional regulation by H19 provides a new function to mRNA-like non-coding RNA. Oncogene 2002; 21:1625-31. [PMID: 11896592 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1205233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2001] [Revised: 11/26/2001] [Accepted: 12/05/2001] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Classically, the functional product of coding genes is a protein whose synthesis is directed by an mRNA-template. However, in the last few years several genes yielding an mRNA-like non-coding RNA as a functional product have been identified. In most cases these transcripts are synthesized by the RNA polymerase II, capped, spliced and polyadenylated, like classical mRNA. These latter have non-conserved open reading frames and seem to be untranslated. Consequently, it has been proposed and admitted that these genes act at the RNA level, and are so-called 'riboregulators'. H19 belongs to this class of gene and its role remains a matter of debate: for some authors it is an oncogene, for others a tumour suppressor. Here, we demonstrate, using a proteomic approach, that an H19 overexpression in human cancerous mammary epithelial cells stably transfected with genomic DNA containing the entire H19 gene is responsible for positively regulating at the post-transcriptional level the thioredoxin, a key protein of the cellular redox metabolism. Interestingly, this protein accumulates in many cancerous tissues, such as breast carcinomas in which we have also demonstrated an overexpression of the H19 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Séverine Lottin
- Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement, UPRES-EA 1033, SN3, USTL, 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, France
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42
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Mircescu H, Wilkin F, Paquette J, Oligny LL, Decaluwe H, Gaboury L, Nolet S, Van Vliet G, Deal C. Molecular characterization of a pediatric pheochromocytoma with suspected bilateral disease. J Pediatr 2001; 138:269-73. [PMID: 11174629 DOI: 10.1067/mpd.2001.111316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
An 11-year-old boy with hypertension was suspected of having bilateral adrenal pheochromocytomas and hyperplasia. Molecular analysis of specific tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes excluded the familial syndromes, von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease and multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) type 2A. Further evaluation identified a unilateral adrenal pheochromocytoma with a VHL heterozygous somatic mutation (G695A) and loss of the maternal allele at 11p15.5-11p14 exclusively in the tumor tissue. Both reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry confirmed increased expression of IGF2 within the tumoral tissue, relative to a normal control adrenal gland. These results ruled out familial syndromes and suggested that the VHL mutation and the loss of maternal allele on chromosome 11 could have contributed to tumor development.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Mircescu
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, and the Department of Pathology, Research Center, Hôpital Ste-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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43
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Erdmann VA, Barciszewska MZ, Szymanski M, Hochberg A, de Groot N, Barciszewski J. The non-coding RNAs as riboregulators. Nucleic Acids Res 2001; 29:189-93. [PMID: 11125087 PMCID: PMC29806 DOI: 10.1093/nar/29.1.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The non-coding RNAs database (http://biobases.ibch.poznan.pl/ncRNA/) contains currently available data on RNAs, which do not have long open reading frames and act as riboregulators. Non-coding RNAs are involved in the specific recognition of cellular nucleic acid targets through complementary base pairing to control cell growth and differentiation. Some of them are connected with several well known developmental and neuro-behavioral disorders. We have divided them into four groups. This paper is a short introduction to the database and presents its latest, updated edition.
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Affiliation(s)
- V A Erdmann
- Institute of Biochemistry, Freie Universitat Berlin, Thielallee 63, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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