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Forbot N, Bolibok P, Wiśniewski M, Roszek K. Carbonaceous Nanomaterials-Mediated Defense Against Oxidative Stress. Mini Rev Med Chem 2020; 20:294-307. [PMID: 31738152 DOI: 10.2174/1389557519666191029162150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The concept of nanoscale materials and their applications in industrial technologies, consumer goods, as well as in novel medical therapies has rapidly escalated in the last several years. Consequently, there is a critical need to understand the mechanisms that drive nanomaterials biocompatibility or toxicity to human cells and tissues. The ability of nanomaterials to initiate cellular pathways resulting in oxidative stress has emerged as a leading hypothesis in nanotoxicology. Nevertheless, there are a few examples revealing another face of nanomaterials - they can alleviate oxidative stress via decreasing the level of reactive oxygen species. The fundamental structural and physicochemical properties of carbonaceous nanomaterials that govern these anti-oxidative effects are discussed in this article. The signaling pathways influenced by these unique nanomaterials, as well as examples of their applications in the biomedical field, e.g. cell culture, cell-based therapies or drug delivery, are presented. We anticipate this emerging knowledge of intrinsic anti-oxidative properties of carbon nanomaterials to facilitate the use of tailored nanoparticles in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Forbot
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, Poland
| | - Paulina Bolibok
- Physicochemistry of Carbon Materials Research Group, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, Poland
| | - Marek Wiśniewski
- Physicochemistry of Carbon Materials Research Group, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Roszek
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, Poland
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Zhang Q, Cui Y, Gu C, Zhang C. Potential concerns in fullerene application to water treatment related to transformation, cellular uptake and intracellular catalysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 728:138754. [PMID: 32388024 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Fullerene (C60) exhibits versatile properties that shows great potential for improving water treatment technologies. However, the probable transformation of C60 during water treatment, which consequently changes the physicochemical properties and toxicity of the parent compound, may introduce doubt concerning its application. Our results demonstrated that the C60 aggregate (nC60) was transformed to a more oxidized form under common water disinfection processes (i.e., ultraviolet irradiation and photochlorination). The light-irradiated product (UV_nC60) exhibited lower cytotoxicity toward macrophage J774A.1 cells relative to nC60, whereas the photochlorinated product (UV/Cl_nC60) increased the toxic effect. Particularly, the internalization of nanoparticles and the mimetic superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity resulted in the selective accumulation of intracellular hydrogen peroxide. Thus, sequential exposure to a nonlethal dose of nanoparticles followed by 5 μM copper ions (which is a much lower level than the EPA-regulated level of 20 μM in drinking water) led to the significant production of hydroxyl radicals inside cells. The uptake and SOD-like activity were highly structure-related, with the most noteworthy activity obtained for UV/Cl_nC60. These results emphasize that environmental transformation-induced property changes should be given adequate consideration in the risk assessment of C60.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiurong Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yueting Cui
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100857, China
| | - Chuanhui Gu
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100857, China
| | - Chengdong Zhang
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100857, China..
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Tolliver LM, Holl NJ, Hou FYS, Lee HJ, Cambre MH, Huang YW. Differential Cytotoxicity Induced by Transition Metal Oxide Nanoparticles is a Function of Cell Killing and Suppression of Cell Proliferation. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21051731. [PMID: 32138333 PMCID: PMC7084189 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The application of nanoparticles (NPs) in industry is on the rise, along with the potential for human exposure. While the toxicity of microscale equivalents has been studied, nanoscale materials exhibit different properties and bodily uptake, which limits the prediction ability of microscale models. Here, we examine the cytotoxicity of seven transition metal oxide NPs in the fourth period of the periodic table of the chemical elements. We hypothesized that NP-mediated cytotoxicity is a function of cell killing and suppression of cell proliferation. To test our hypothesis, transition metal oxide NPs were tested in a human lung cancer cell model (A549). Cells were exposed to a series of concentrations of TiO2, Cr2O3, Mn2O3, Fe2O3, NiO, CuO, or ZnO for either 24 or 48 h. All NPs aside from Cr2O3 and Fe2O3 showed a time- and dose-dependent decrease in viability. All NPs significantly inhibited cellular proliferation. The trend of cytotoxicity was in parallel with that of proliferative inhibition. Toxicity was ranked according to severity of cellular responses, revealing a strong correlation between viability, proliferation, and apoptosis. Cell cycle alteration was observed in the most toxic NPs, which may have contributed to promoting apoptosis and suppressing cell division rate. Collectively, our data support the hypothesis that cell killing and cell proliferative inhibition are essential independent variables in NP-mediated cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larry M. Tolliver
- Department of Biological Sciences, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO 65409, USA; (L.M.T.); (N.J.H.); (M.H.C.)
| | - Natalie J. Holl
- Department of Biological Sciences, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO 65409, USA; (L.M.T.); (N.J.H.); (M.H.C.)
| | - Fang Yao Stephen Hou
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53211, USA;
| | - Han-Jung Lee
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Studies, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 97401, Taiwan;
| | - Melissa H. Cambre
- Department of Biological Sciences, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO 65409, USA; (L.M.T.); (N.J.H.); (M.H.C.)
| | - Yue-Wern Huang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO 65409, USA; (L.M.T.); (N.J.H.); (M.H.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: 1-573-341-6589
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Andrade MJ, Van Lonkhuyzen DR, Upton Z, Satyamoorthy K. Unravelling the insulin-like growth factor I-mediated photoprotection of the skin. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2019; 52:45-55. [PMID: 31767341 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2019.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Chronic exposure of human skin to solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) induces a range of biological reactions which may directly or indirectly lead to the development of skin cancer. In order to overcome these damaging effects of UVR and to reduce photodamage, the skin's endogenous defence system functions in concert with the various exogenous photoprotectors. Growth factors, particularly insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), produced within the body as a result of cellular interaction in response to UVR demonstrates photoprotective properties in human skin. This review summarises the impact of UVR-induced photolesions on human skin, discusses various endogenous as well as exogenous approaches of photoprotection described to date and explains how IGF-I mediates UVR photoprotective responses at the cellular and mitochondrial level. Further, we describe the current interventions using growth factors and propose how the knowledge of the IGF-I photoprotection signalling cascades may direct the development of improved UVR protection and remedial strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melisa J Andrade
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India; Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Derek R Van Lonkhuyzen
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Zee Upton
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; Institute of Medical Biology, A⁎STAR, Singapore
| | - Kapaettu Satyamoorthy
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.
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Mousavi SZ, Nafisi S, Maibach HI. Fullerene nanoparticle in dermatological and cosmetic applications. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2017; 13:1071-1087. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2016.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Revised: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Yang KC, Zheng JH, Chen YL, Lee KC, Cho EC. Carboxyfullerene decorated titanium dioxide nanomaterials for reactive oxygen species scavenging activities. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra09414g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Titanium dioxide nanomaterials offer superior protection for human skin against ultraviolet light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Cheng Yang
- Department of Fragrance and Cosmetic Science
- Kaohsiung Medical University
- Kaohsiung
- Taiwan
| | - Jia-Huei Zheng
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy
- School of Pharmacy
- College of Pharmacy
- Taipei Medical University
- Taipei 110
| | - Yen-Ling Chen
- Department of Fragrance and Cosmetic Science
- Kaohsiung Medical University
- Kaohsiung
- Taiwan
| | - Kuen-Chan Lee
- Department of Science Education
- National Taipei University of Education
- Taipei 106
- Taiwan
| | - Er-Chieh Cho
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy
- School of Pharmacy
- College of Pharmacy
- Taipei Medical University
- Taipei 110
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Dellinger AL, Cunin P, Lee D, Kung AL, Brooks DB, Zhou Z, Nigrovic PA, Kepley CL. Inhibition of inflammatory arthritis using fullerene nanomaterials. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0126290. [PMID: 25879437 PMCID: PMC4400016 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0126290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2013] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory arthritis (e.g. rheumatoid arthritis; RA) is a complex disease driven by the interplay of multiple cellular lineages. Fullerene derivatives have previously been shown to have anti-inflammatory capabilities mediated, in part, by their ability to prevent inflammatory mediator release by mast cells (MC). Recognizing that MC can serve as a cellular link between autoantibodies, soluble mediators, and other effector populations in inflammatory arthritis, it was hypothesized that fullerene derivatives might be used to target this inflammatory disease. A panel of fullerene derivatives was tested for their ability to affect the function of human skin-derived MC as well as other lineages implicated in arthritis, synovial fibroblasts and osteoclasts. It is shown that certain fullerene derivatives blocked FcγR- and TNF-α-induced mediator release from MC; TNF-α-induced mediator release from RA synovial fibroblasts; and maturation of human osteoclasts. MC inhibition by fullerene derivatives was mediated through the reduction of mitochondrial membrane potential and FcγR-mediated increases in cellular reactive oxygen species and NF-κB activation. Based on these in vitro data, two fullerene derivatives (ALM and TGA) were selected for in vivo studies using K/BxN serum transfer arthritis in C57BL/6 mice and collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in DBA/1 mice. Dye-conjugated fullerenes confirmed localization to affected joints in arthritic animals but not in healthy controls. In the K/BxN moldel, fullerenes attenuated arthritis, an effect accompanied by reduced histologic inflammation, cartilage/bone erosion, and serum levels of TNF-α. Fullerenes remained capable of attenuating K/BxN arthritis in mast cell-deficient mice Cre-Master mice, suggesting that lineages beyond the MC represent relevant targets in this system. These studies suggest that fullerene derivatives may hold promise both as an assessment tool and as anti-inflammatory therapy of arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony L. Dellinger
- University of North Carolina Greensboro, Joint School of Nanosceince and Nanoengineering, Greensboro, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Pierre Cunin
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Division of Immunology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - David Lee
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andrew L. Kung
- Dana Farber Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - D. Bradford Brooks
- Luna Innovations Incorporated, Danville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Zhiguo Zhou
- Luna Innovations Incorporated, Danville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Peter A. Nigrovic
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Division of Immunology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Christopher L. Kepley
- University of North Carolina Greensboro, Joint School of Nanosceince and Nanoengineering, Greensboro, North Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Jiang G, Yin F, Duan J, Li G. Synthesis and properties of novel water-soluble fullerene-glycine derivatives as new materials for cancer therapy. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2015; 26:5348. [PMID: 25578702 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-014-5348-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2014] [Accepted: 08/03/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Novel water-soluble fullerene-glycine derivatives were synthesized by means of simple organic chemistry. They are completely soluble in water, yielding a clear brown solution. The products were characterized by fourier transform infrared (FTIR), ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), (1)H NMR, (13)C NMR, thermogravimetric analyses (TGA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The assembly behavior of water-soluble fullerene-glycine derivatives was investigated by SEM. The results show that the fullerene-glycine derivatives create morphology that is sphere-like. The cytotoxicity to cancer cell lines of the fullerene-glycine derivatives was evaluated by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) and flow cytometry. The results show that fullerene-glycine derivatives exhibit mortality and apoptosis of the cells which increased with the increase of fullerene-glycine derivative concentration. The cytotoxicity mechanism of fullerene-glycine derivatives was investigated for the first time. Novel water-soluble fullerene-glycine derivatives were synthesized by means of simple organic chemistry. The products were characterized by FTIR, UV-Vis, (1)H NMR, (13)C NMR, TGA, and SEM. The bioactivities of fullerene-glycine derivative materials have been tested, and the results show that compared with the fullerene complex, the fullerene-glycine derivative materials exhibit mortality and apoptosis of the cells which increased with the increase of fullerene-glycine derivative concentration. SEM images showed the macrostructure of fullerene-glycine derivative materials was spheres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guichang Jiang
- Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300222, People's Republic of China,
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Caputo F, De Nicola M, Ghibelli L. Pharmacological potential of bioactive engineered nanomaterials. Biochem Pharmacol 2014; 92:112-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2014.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Revised: 08/14/2014] [Accepted: 08/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Bozdaganyan ME, Orekhov PS, Shaytan AK, Shaitan KV. Comparative computational study of interaction of C60-fullerene and tris-malonyl-C60-fullerene isomers with lipid bilayer: relation to their antioxidant effect. PLoS One 2014; 9:e102487. [PMID: 25019215 PMCID: PMC4097404 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0102487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Accepted: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress induced by excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been implicated in the etiology of many human diseases. It has been reported that fullerenes and some of their derivatives–carboxyfullerenes–exhibits a strong free radical scavenging capacity. The permeation of C60-fullerene and its amphiphilic derivatives–C3-tris-malonic-C60-fullerene (C3) and D3-tris-malonyl-C60-fullerene (D3)–through a lipid bilayer mimicking the eukaryotic cell membrane was studied using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The free energy profiles along the normal to the bilayer composed of 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) for C60, C3 and D3 were calculated. We found that C60 molecules alone or in clusters spontaneously translocate to the hydrophobic core of the membrane and stay inside the bilayer during the whole period of simulation time. The incorporation of cluster of fullerenes inside the bilayer changes properties of the bilayer and leads to its deformation. In simulations of the tris-malonic fullerenes we discovered that both isomers, C3 and D3, adsorb at the surface of the bilayer but only C3 tends to be buried in the area of the lipid headgroups forming hydrophobic contacts with the lipid tails. We hypothesize that such position has implications for ROS scavenging mechanism in the specific cell compartments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Philipp S. Orekhov
- Biological department, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey K. Shaytan
- Biological department, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Konstantin V. Shaitan
- Biological department, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- * E-mail:
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Dellinger A, Zhou Z, Connor J, Madhankumar AB, Pamujula S, Sayes CM, Kepley CL. Application of fullerenes in nanomedicine: an update. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2014; 8:1191-208. [PMID: 23837857 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.13.99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Fullerenes are carbon spheres presently being pursued globally for a wide range of applications in nanomedicine. These molecules have unique electronic properties that make them attractive candidates for diagnostic, therapeutic and theranostic applications. Herein, the latest research is discussed on developing fullerene-based therapeutics as antioxidants for inflammatory diseases, their potential as antiviral/bacterial agents, utility as a drug delivery device and the promise of endohedral fullerenes as new MRI contrast agents. The recent discovery that certain fullerene derivatives can stabilize immune effector cells to prevent or inhibit the release of proinflammatory mediators makes them potential candidates for several diseases such as asthma, arthritis and multiple sclerosis. Gadolinium-containing endohedral fullerenes are being pursued as diagnostic MRI contrast agents for several diseases. Finally, a new class of fullerene-based theranostics has been developed, which combine therapeutic and diagnostic capabilities to specifically detect and kill cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Dellinger
- Joint School of Nanoscience & Nanoengineering, 2907 East Lee Street, Greensboro, NC 27401, USA
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Murakami M, Hyodo S, Fujikawa Y, Fujimoto T, Maeda K. Photoprotective effects of inclusion complexes of fullerenes with polyvinylpyrrolidone. PHOTODERMATOLOGY PHOTOIMMUNOLOGY & PHOTOMEDICINE 2013; 29:196-203. [DOI: 10.1111/phpp.12050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mio Murakami
- Vitamin C60 BioResearch Corporation; Chuo; Tokyo; Japan
| | - Sayuri Hyodo
- Vitamin C60 BioResearch Corporation; Chuo; Tokyo; Japan
| | - Yuuki Fujikawa
- Bionics Program; Tokyo University of Technology Graduate School; Hachioji City; Tokyo; Japan
| | | | - Kazuhisa Maeda
- Bionics Program; Tokyo University of Technology Graduate School; Hachioji City; Tokyo; Japan
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha Mojica
- Departamento de Química, División de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería; Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa; 09340 México D. F. México
| | - Julio A. Alonso
- Departamento de Física Teórica, Atómica y Óptica; Universidad de Valladolid; 47011 Valladolid Spain
| | - Francisco Méndez
- Departamento de Química, División de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería; Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa; 09340 México D. F. México
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Tzirakis MD, Orfanopoulos M. Radical reactions of fullerenes: from synthetic organic chemistry to materials science and biology. Chem Rev 2013; 113:5262-321. [PMID: 23570603 DOI: 10.1021/cr300475r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 285] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Manolis D Tzirakis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, 71003 Voutes, Heraklion, Greece.
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Fujimoto T, Ito S, Ito M, Kanazawa H, Yamaguchi S. Induction of different reactive oxygen species in the skin during various laser therapies and their inhibition by fullerene. Lasers Surg Med 2012; 44:685-94. [PMID: 22899448 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.22065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is one of the mechanisms of laser irradiation in the skin, and there are beneficial and detrimental aspects to this reaction. Detrimental side effects after laser treatments, such as redness and pigmentation, can be reduced by using anti-oxidants. MATERIALS AND METHODS Electron spin resonance (ESR) analysis using a free radical trapping agent revealed that different free radicals, including hydroxyl ((·) OH) and superoxide anion (O 2-) radicals, were generated in the skin of hairless mice by irradiation with intense pulsed light (IPL), plasma, and radio frequency lasers. RESULTS Generation of O 2- and (·) OH radicals was significantly inhibited in a dose-dependent fashion by fullerene and fullerene did not have any pro-oxidant effects as no radical adduct signal was detected. Although ROS can increase expression of COX-2 mRNA, an inflammatory marker, laser-induced COX-2 expression was significantly suppressed by the antioxidant activity of fullerene. In addition, imaging analysis of human skin has shown that erythema-associated redness caused by laser-induced inflammation is inhibited by fullerene gel. CONCLUSION These data suggest that laser-induced inflammation is suppressed by the ROS-scavenging activity of fullerene and that application of fullerene is effective against oxidative skin damage caused by laser irradiation. Thus, fullerene has potential as an after-care therapy following laser irradiation of the skin.
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Beuerle F, Witte P, Hartnagel U, Lebovitz R, Parng C, Hirsch A. Cytoprotective Activities of Water-Soluble Fullerenes in Zebrafish Models. Zebrafish 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/9781118102138.ch19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Jiang G, Li G. Preparation, characterization, and properties of fullerene-vinylpyrrolidone copolymers. Biotechnol Prog 2011; 28:215-22. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2010] [Revised: 08/05/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Protective effects of nanostructures of hydrated C60 fullerene on reproductive function in streptozotocin-diabetic male rats. Toxicology 2011; 282:69-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2010.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2010] [Revised: 11/28/2010] [Accepted: 12/06/2010] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Saitoh Y, Miyanishi A, Mizuno H, Kato S, Aoshima H, Kokubo K, Miwa N. Super-highly hydroxylated fullerene derivative protects human keratinocytes from UV-induced cell injuries together with the decreases in intracellular ROS generation and DNA damages. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2010; 102:69-76. [PMID: 20943412 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2010.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2010] [Revised: 09/10/2010] [Accepted: 09/14/2010] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Polyhydroxylated fullerenes (fullerenols: C(60)(OH)(n)) are known as the major water-soluble fullerene derivatives which possess particular significance as free radical scavengers or antioxidants in biological systems. Recently, the novel polyhydroxylated fullerene (C(60) (OH)(44)·8H(2)O: SHH-F) was successfully synthesized. In the present study, we investigated the radical-scavenging effects and cytoprotective effects of three types of fullerenols (C(60)(OH)(6-12): LH-F, C(60) (OH)(32-34)·7H(2)O: HH-F, and C(60) (OH)(44)·8H(2)O: SHH-F) on UV-irradiation-induced cell injuries. HH-F and SHH-F exerted hydroxyl-radical scavenging activities as shown by DMPO-spin trap/ESR method, more markedly than LH-F. UVA or UVB irradiation-induced injuries in human skin keratinocytes HaCaT were significantly suppressed by HH-F and SHH-F, but scarcely by LF-H. The cytoprotective effects of SHH-F had a tendency to be superior to that of HH-F. And the cytoprotective effects of SHH-F against UVB-induced injuries were more effective than those of UVA. Irradiation with UVB to HaCaT cells was shown to cause rapid increases in cell-injury-associated symptoms such as intracellular oxidative stress levels, the formation of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers and chromatin condensation, all of which were repressed by SHH-F. Thus, UVB-induced diverse harmful effects could be prevented by SHH-F, which was suggested to exert the cytoprotective effects through intracellular reactive oxygen species-scavenging in the keratinocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasukazu Saitoh
- Laboratory of Cell-Death Control BioTechnology, Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, Nanatsuka 562, Shobara, Hiroshima 727-0023, Japan
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Dellinger A, Zhou Z, Lenk R, MacFarland D, Kepley CL. Fullerene nanomaterials inhibit phorbol myristate acetate-induced inflammation. Exp Dermatol 2010; 18:1079-81. [PMID: 19555428 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0625.2009.00904.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is a natural biological response that occurs when vascular tissues are subjected to harmful stimuli. This process may be beneficial to the host during wound healing and infections but can be detrimental if left unchecked. Oxidative stress, the generation of reactive oxygen species, is thought to be one component of this response. Fullerenes can counteract reactive oxygen species due to their potent antioxidant capabilities. Thus, we hypothesized that these molecules may inhibit inflammation. To test this hypothesis we used an in vivo model of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-induced inflammation and examined the effects fullerenes have on mitigating this response. We show that PMA-induced inflammation and oedema is dramatically inhibited when fullerenes are given prior to challenge. Thus, fullerene derivatives may be a novel way to blunt certain inflammatory conditions and facilitate faster recovery of damaged tissue.
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Yang D, Zhao Y, Guo H, Li Y, Tewary P, Xing G, Hou W, Oppenheim JJ, Zhang N. [Gd@C(82)(OH)(22)](n) nanoparticles induce dendritic cell maturation and activate Th1 immune responses. ACS NANO 2010; 4:1178-86. [PMID: 20121217 PMCID: PMC2835518 DOI: 10.1021/nn901478z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Dendritic cells play a pivotal role in host immune defense, such as elimination of foreign pathogen and inhibition of tumorigenesis. In this paper, we report that [Gd@C(82)(OH)(22)](n) could induce phenotypic maturation of dendritic cells by stimulating DC production of cytokines including IL-12p70, upregulating DC co-stimulatory (CD80, CD83, and CD86) and MHC (HLA-A,B,C and HLA-DR) molecules, and switching DCs from a CCL5-responsive to a CCL19-responsive phenotype. We found that [Gd@C(82)(OH)(22)](n) can induce dendritic cells to become functionally mature as illustrated by their capacity to activate allogeneic T cells. Mice immunized with ovalbumin in the presence of [Gd@C(82)(OH)(22)](n) exhibit enhanced ovalbumin-specific Th1-polarized immune response as evidenced by the predominantly increased production of IFNgamma, IL-1beta, and IL-2. The [Gd@C(82)(OH)(22)](n) nanoparticle is a potent activator of dendritic cells and Th1 immune responses. These new findings also provide a rational understanding of the potent anticancer activities of [Gd@C(82)(OH)(22)](n) nanoparticles reported previously.
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Affiliation(s)
- De Yang
- Tianjin Medical University, Research Center of Basic Medic Sciences, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Research (Ministry of Education), Tianjin 300060, China
- Basic Research Program, SAIC-Frederick, Inc.; Laboratory of Molecular Immunoregulation, Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research; National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Yuliang Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, China, and National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China
| | - Hua Guo
- Tianjin Medical University, Research Center of Basic Medic Sciences, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Research (Ministry of Education), Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Yana Li
- Basic Research Program, SAIC-Frederick, Inc.; Laboratory of Molecular Immunoregulation, Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research; National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Poonam Tewary
- Basic Research Program, SAIC-Frederick, Inc.; Laboratory of Molecular Immunoregulation, Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research; National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Gengmei Xing
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, China, and National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China
- Correspondence should be addressed to: Ning Zhang, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China. (Tel: 086-13502179648; ). Gengmei Xing, Laboratory for Bio-Environmental Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China, and National Center for Nanoscience and Technology
| | - Wei Hou
- Tianjin Medical University, Research Center of Basic Medic Sciences, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Research (Ministry of Education), Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Joost J. Oppenheim
- Basic Research Program, SAIC-Frederick, Inc.; Laboratory of Molecular Immunoregulation, Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research; National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Ning Zhang
- Tianjin Medical University, Research Center of Basic Medic Sciences, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Research (Ministry of Education), Tianjin 300060, China
- Correspondence should be addressed to: Ning Zhang, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China. (Tel: 086-13502179648; ). Gengmei Xing, Laboratory for Bio-Environmental Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China, and National Center for Nanoscience and Technology
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Dellinger A, Zhou Z, Norton SK, Lenk R, Conrad D, Kepley CL. Uptake and distribution of fullerenes in human mast cells. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2010; 6:575-82. [PMID: 20138243 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2010.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2009] [Revised: 12/10/2009] [Accepted: 01/19/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Fullerenes are carbon cages of variable size that can be derivatized with various side chain moieties resulting in compounds that are being developed into nanomedicines. Although fullerene use in several preclinical in vitro and in vivo models of disease has demonstrated their potential as diagnostic and therapeutic agents, little is known about how they enter cells, what organelles they target, and the time course for their cellular deposition. Fullerenes (C(70)) that have already been shown to be potent inhibitors of mast cell (MC)-mediated allergic inflammation were conjugated with Texas red (TR) and used in conjunction with confocal microscopy to determine mechanisms of uptake, the organelle localization, and the duration they can be detected in situ. We show that C(70)-TR are nonspecifically endocytosed into MCs, where they are shuttled throughout the cytoplasm, lysosomes, mitochondria, and into endoplasmic reticulum at different times. No nuclear or secretory granule localization was observed. The C(70)-TR remained detectable within cells at 1 week. These studies show that MCs endocytose fullerenes, where they are shuttled to organelles involved with calcium and reactive oxygen species production, which may explain their efficacy as cellular inhibitors. From the clinical editor: Fullerenes are carbon cages of variable size that have already been shown to be potent inhibitors of mast cell (MC)-mediated allergic inflammation. These were conjugated with Texas red (TR) and used in conjunction with confocal microscopy to determine mechanisms of uptake, the organelle localization, and duration, demonstrating that MCs endocytose fullerenes, which are shuttled to organelles involved with calcium and reactive oxygen species production. This intracellular trafficking may explain the efficacy of fullerenes as cellular inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Dellinger
- Luna Innovations Inc., Nanoworks Division, Danville, Virginia 24541, USA
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Kato S, Kikuchi R, Aoshima H, Saitoh Y, Miwa N. Defensive effects of fullerene-C60/liposome complex against UVA-induced intracellular reactive oxygen species generation and cell death in human skin keratinocytes HaCaT, associated with intracellular uptake and extracellular excretion of fullerene-C60. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2009; 98:144-51. [PMID: 20060738 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2009.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2009] [Revised: 11/20/2009] [Accepted: 11/30/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The UVA-irradiation of 10 J/cm(2) on HaCaT keratinocytes increased 59.1% of the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) by NBT assay and the cell viability decreased to 31.5% by WST-1 assay, comparing to the non-irradiated control. In the presence of fullerene-C60 (C60) incorporated in phospholipid membrane vehicle (LiposomeFullerene: Lpsm-Flln) of 250-500 ppm, they were restored to -9.1% to +2.3% of the ROS and 83.0-84.8% of the cell viability, but scarcely restored by the liposome without C60 (Lpsm). In HaCaT cells administered with Lpsm-Flln (150 ppm), C60 was ingested at the intracellular concentrations of 1.4-21.9 ppm for 4-24 h, and, intracellular C60 was excreted by 80% at 4h after rinsing-out, and decreased to 2-10% after 24-48 h. C60 was predominantly distributed around the outside of nuclear membrane without deterioration of intact cell morphology according to fluorescent immunostain. Thus Lpsm-Flln is found to be an effective antioxidant that could preserve HaCaT keratinocytes against UVA-induced cellular injury. Lpsm-Flln has a potential to serve as a cosmetic material for skin protection against UVA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Kato
- Laboratory of Cell-Death Control BioTechnology, Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, 562, Nanatsuka, Shobara, Hiroshima 727-0023, Japan
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Ito S, Itoga K, Yamato M, Akamatsu H, Okano T. The co-application effects of fullerene and ascorbic acid on UV-B irradiated mouse skin. Toxicology 2009; 267:27-38. [PMID: 19800932 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2009.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2009] [Revised: 08/30/2009] [Accepted: 09/22/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The role of fullerene as a pro-oxidant or anti-oxidant in Ultraviolet B ray (UV-B)-induced disorders in mouse skin was investigated. Fullerene gave no photo-toxic effect to UV-B-irradiated mouse skin. Since erythema was concentrated at the pore circumference in a UV-B irradiation experiment in mouse skin, the sebaceous gland pairs was strongly implicated as a site for the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In a histological evaluation of the skin stained with CH(3)MDFDA (ROS index) and YO-Pro-1 (apoptosis index), the fluorescence intensity of a sebaceous gland significantly increased with UV-B irradiation. With the application of fullerene to UV-irradiated mouse skin, no toxicity was recognized in comparison with the control, and erythema, the ROS index, and the apoptosis index decrease with the application of fullerene. Ascorbyl radical (AA*) increased with the application of ascorbate (AA) to UV-B-irradiated mouse skin, and AA* decreased with the application of fullerene. The co-application of AA and fullerene, which suppressed AA* in vitro, significantly suppressed erythema, and also suppressed both the ROS index and apoptosis index in mouse skin after UV-B irradiation. In both mouse skin at 48 h after UV-B irradiation and in an attempt to reproduce this phenomenon artificially in vitro, a similar high AA* peak (AA*/H*>4) was observed in electron spin resonance (ESR) charts. The binding of fullerene with AA impairs the Fenton reaction between AA and Fe-protein based on the observation of ascorbate-specific UV absorption and a linear equation for the calibration curve. Therefore, fullerene may impair the intercalation of AA to a heme pocket by binding with AA. These results suggest that the co-application of AA and fullerene is effective against oxidative skin damage caused by UV-B irradiation, and the development of an AA* inhibitor such as fullerene should be useful for reducing organ damage associated with Fe-protein oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinobu Ito
- Tokyo Women's Medical University, Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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Markovic Z, Trajkovic V. Biomedical potential of the reactive oxygen species generation and quenching by fullerenes (C60). Biomaterials 2008; 29:3561-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2008.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 339] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2008] [Accepted: 05/12/2008] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Balogh A, Paragh G, Juhász A, Köbling T, Törocsik D, Mikó E, Varga V, Emri G, Horkay I, Scholtz B, Remenyik E. Reference genes for quantitative real time PCR in UVB irradiated keratinocytes. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2008; 93:133-9. [PMID: 18789713 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2008.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2008] [Revised: 07/25/2008] [Accepted: 07/31/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Real time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) is a sensitive and highly reproducible method often used for determining mRNA levels. To enable proper comparison of gene expression genes expressed at stabile levels within the cells in the studied experimental system need to be identified and used as reference. Ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation is an exogenous carcinogenic stimulus in keratinocytes, and UVB elicited changes have extensively been studied by qRT-PCR, yet a comparison of commonly used reference genes in UVB treatment is lacking. To find the best genes for compensating slight inter-sample variations in keratinocytes in UVB experiments and to understand the potential effects of improper reference gene (RG) selection we have analyzed the mRNA expression of 10 housekeeping genes in neonatal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEK) after UVB treatment. The biological effect of the used UVB light source was validated by trypane blue exclusion, MTT and comet assays. 20-40mJ/cm(2) dose was chosen for the experiments. The stability of the 10 RGs was assessed by the GeNorm and Normfinder software tools. Regardless of their slightly different algorithm the programs found succinate dehydrogenase complex subunit A (SDHA) to be the best individual RG and SDHA and phosphoglycerate kinase-1 (PGK1) as the most suitable combination. Analysis of the expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) found that while the perception of changes in TNF-alpha, a gene undergoing marked upregulation after UVB irradiation is independent of the used RG, changes seen in the more modestly upregulated VEGF are greatly effected by reference gene selection. These findings highlight the importance of reference gene selection in UVB irradiation experiments, and provide evidence that using SDHA or the combination of SDHA and PGK1 as standards could be a reliable method for normalizing qRT-PCR results in keratinocytes after UVB treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Attila Balogh
- Department of Dermatology, Medical and Health Science Center, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary Nagyerdei Körut 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
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Antioxidant Properties of Water-Soluble Fullerene Derivatives. MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY AND PHARMACOLOGICAL POTENTIAL OF FULLERENES AND CARBON NANOTUBES 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4020-6845-4_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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30
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Harhaji L, Isakovic A, Vucicevic L, Janjetovic K, Misirkic M, Markovic Z, Todorovic-Markovic B, Nikolic N, Vranjes-Djuric S, Nikolic Z, Trajkovic V. Modulation of Tumor Necrosis Factor-mediated Cell Death by Fullerenes. Pharm Res 2007; 25:1365-76. [DOI: 10.1007/s11095-007-9486-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2007] [Accepted: 10/19/2007] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Witte P, Beuerle F, Hartnagel U, Lebovitz R, Savouchkina A, Sali S, Guldi D, Chronakis N, Hirsch A. Water solubility, antioxidant activity and cytochrome C binding of four families of exohedral adducts of C60 and C70. Org Biomol Chem 2007; 5:3599-613. [PMID: 17971989 DOI: 10.1039/b711912g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Over the past decade, surface-modified, water soluble fullerenes have been shown by many different investigators to exhibit strong antioxidant activity against reactive oxygen species (ROS) in vitro and to protect cells and tissues from oxidative injury and cell death in vivo. Nevertheless, progress in developing fullerenes as bona fide drug candidates has been hampered by three development issues: 1) lack of methods for scalable synthesis; 2) inability to produce highly purified, single-species regioisomers compatible with pharmaceutical applications; and 3) inadequate understanding of structure-function relationships with respect to various surface modifications (e.g., anionic versus cationic versus charge-neutral polarity). To address these challenges, we have designed and synthesized more than a dozen novel water soluble fullerenes that can be purified as single isomers and which we believe can be manufactured to scale at reasonable cost. These compounds differ in addition pattern, lipophilicity and number and type of charge and were examined for their water solubility, antioxidant activity against superoxide anions and binding of cytochrome C. Our results indicate that dendritic water soluble fullerene[60] monoadducts exhibit the highest degree of antioxidant activity against superoxide anions in vitro as compared with trismalonate-derived anionic fullerenes as well as cationic fullerenes of similar overall structure. Among the higher adducts, anionic derivatives have a higher antioxidant activity than comparable cationic compounds. To achieve sufficient water solubility without the aid of a surfactant or co-solvent at least three charges on the addends are required. Significantly, anionic in contrast to cationic fullerene adducts bind with high affinity to cytochrome C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Witte
- The Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestrasse 42, Erlangen, Germany
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Ryan JJ, Bateman HR, Stover A, Gomez G, Norton SK, Zhao W, Schwartz LB, Lenk R, Kepley CL. Fullerene nanomaterials inhibit the allergic response. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2007; 179:665-72. [PMID: 17579089 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.179.1.665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Fullerenes are a class of novel carbon allotropes that may have practical applications in biotechnology and medicine. Human mast cells (MC) and peripheral blood basophils are critical cells involved in the initiation and propagation of several inflammatory conditions, mainly type I hypersensitivity. We report an unanticipated role of fullerenes as a negative regulator of allergic mediator release that suppresses Ag-driven type I hypersensitivity. Human MC and peripheral blood basophils exhibited a significant inhibition of IgE dependent mediator release when preincubated with C(60) fullerenes. Protein microarray demonstrated that inhibition of mediator release involves profound reductions in the activation of signaling molecules involved in mediator release and oxidative stress. Follow-up studies demonstrated that the tyrosine phosphorylation of Syk was dramatically inhibited in Ag-challenged cells first incubated with fullerenes. In addition, fullerene preincubation significantly inhibited IgE-induced elevation in cytoplasmic reactive oxygen species levels. Furthermore, fullerenes prevented the in vivo release of histamine and drop in core body temperature in vivo using a MC-dependent model of anaphylaxis. These findings identify a new biological function for fullerenes and may represent a novel way to control MC-dependent diseases including asthma, inflammatory arthritis, heart disease, and multiple sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- John J Ryan
- Department of Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University Health Systems, Richmond, VA 23294, USA
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Medvedeva NV, Ipatova OM, Ivanov YD, Drozhzhin AI, Archakov AI. Nanobiotechnology and nanomedicine. BIOCHEMISTRY MOSCOW-SUPPLEMENT SERIES B-BIOMEDICAL CHEMISTRY 2007. [DOI: 10.1134/s1990750807020023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Courdavault S, Baudouin C, Sauvaigo S, Mouret S, Candéias S, Charveron M, Favier A, Cadet J, Douki T. Unrepaired Cyclobutane Pyrimidine Dimers Do Not Prevent Proliferation of UV-B-irradiated Cultured Human Fibroblasts¶. Photochem Photobiol 2007. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.2004.tb00004.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Chirico F, Fumelli C, Marconi A, Tinari A, Straface E, Malorni W, Pellicciari R, Pincelli C. Carboxyfullerenes localize within mitochondria and prevent the UVB-induced intrinsic apoptotic pathway. Exp Dermatol 2007; 16:429-36. [PMID: 17437486 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0625.2007.00545.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Carboxyfullerenes (CF) act as free radical scavengers in many cell settings and prevent apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. CF protect normal human keratinocytes from UVB-induced apoptosis, although the mechanisms underlying this effect remain to be clarified. Double-staining confocal laser microscopy revealed that CF penetrate the cell and colocalize with cytokeratin-18 within cytoplasm. This localization was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy that showed CF intermingled with keratin filaments. Moreover, double-staining with the mitochondrial marker anti-F1-ATPase antibody demonstrated that CF are expressed in mitochondria. Transmission electron microscopy confirmed that CF actually localize within mitochondria. Then, normal human keratinocytes were UVB-irradiated in the presence or absence of CF at different doses. CF protected keratinocytes from apoptosis induced by reactive oxygen species. CF scavenging effect is associated with a partial blockade of the UVB-induced intrinsic apoptotic pathway by down-modulating caspase-9 activation and cytochrome c release, and by inhibiting the down-regulation of the inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAP) survivin, livin, IAP-1 and IAP-2. Finally, CF prevented the cleavage of Bid, up-regulation of Bad and down-regulation of Mcl-1 induced by UVB. Taken together, these results indicate that CF penetrate human keratinocytes, localize within mitochondria where they act both by scavenging free radicals and by protecting cells from apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filomena Chirico
- Institute of Dermatology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo 71, 41100 Modena, Italy
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Hughes GA. Nanostructure-mediated drug delivery. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2007; 1:22-30. [PMID: 17292054 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2004.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 301] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2004] [Accepted: 11/30/2004] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Nanotechnology is expected to have an impact on all industries including semiconductors, manufacturing, and biotechnology. Tools that provide the capability to characterize and manipulate materials at the nanoscale level further elucidate nanoscale phenomena and equip researchers and developers with the ability to fabricate novel materials and structures. One of the most promising societal impacts of nanotechnology is in the area of nanomedicine. Personalized health care, rational drug design, and targeted drug delivery are some of the benefits of a nanomedicine-based approach to therapy. This review will focus on the development of nanoscale drug delivery mechanisms. Nanostructured drug carriers allow for the delivery of not only small-molecule drugs but also the delivery of nucleic acids and proteins. Delivery of these molecules to specific areas within the body can be achieved, which will reduce systemic side effects and allow for more efficient use of the drug.
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Xiao L, Takada H, Gan XH, Miwa N. The water-soluble fullerene derivative ‘Radical Sponge®’ exerts cytoprotective action against UVA irradiation but not visible-light-catalyzed cytotoxicity in human skin keratinocytes. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2006; 16:1590-5. [PMID: 16439118 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2005.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2005] [Revised: 11/30/2005] [Accepted: 12/07/2005] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Fullerene was entrapped in polyvinylpyrrolidone of 60-80 kDa at a molar ratio range of 0.42-0.67:1, resulting in a water-soluble derivative with a mean particle diameter of about 688 nm, named "Radical Sponge" because of its ROS-scavenging ability as previously demonstrated, and examined in the present study for its photo-biological actions toward human skin keratinocytes HaCaT. The keratinocytes were repeatedly irradiated with a visible light of wavelengths of 400-2000 nm (approximately 19,800 lux) in the presence or absence of Radical Sponge of 25-75 microM and did not exhibit any photo-cytotoxicity due to coexistent Radical Sponge as compared with the sham-irradiation control. Radical Sponge exerted a more marked cytoprotection at doses of 10-40 microM against UVA irradiation of 30 J/cm(2) when it was pre-irradiationally administered and rinsed out immediately before the irradiation, than when administered only during or after the irradiation, indicating the preventive rather than therapeutic or ray-sheltering effect of Radical Sponge on UVA injuries. Cytoprotection by Radical Sponge against UVA was achieved at the advisable range doses of 10-40 microM in contrast to no effect of polyvinylpyrrolidone alone; its dose-dependency was advantageous over that of VC-IP, a tetra-alkyl-esterized provitamin C, which became less cytoprotective above 20 microM. Thus, Radical Sponge is expected as an anti-UVA-preventive agent without visible-light-catalyzed cytotoxicity toward human skin keratinocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xiao
- Laboratory of Cell-Death Control BioTechnology, Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, Shobara, Hiroshima 727-0023, Japan
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Xiao L, Takada H, Maeda K, Haramoto M, Miwa N. Antioxidant effects of water-soluble fullerene derivatives against ultraviolet ray or peroxylipid through their action of scavenging the reactive oxygen species in human skin keratinocytes. Biomed Pharmacother 2005; 59:351-8. [PMID: 16087310 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2005.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2005] [Accepted: 02/03/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemically generated hydroxyl radicals were scavenged by PEG-modified fullerene, hydroxy-fullerene and isostearate-mixed fullerene as efficiently as ascorbic acid (Asc) or its 2-O-phosphorylated derivative (A2P) as shown by the DMPO-spin trap/ESR method. Enzymatically generated superoxide anion radicals were also scavenged by PEG-modified or PVP-entrapped fullerene similarly as done by Asc or A2P. Some reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as hydroperoxides and hydrogen peroxides were generated preferably in the nuclei of UVB-irradiated human skin keratinocytes HaCaT, and repressed by PVP- or gamma-cyclodextrin-fullerene. In contrast, the cytoplasm in the keratinocytes accumulated the ROS that were generated by the peroxylipid model compound t-BuOOH, and underwent the ROS repression by PVP-fullerene more markedly than by A2P. Thus several fullerene derivatives, especially PVP-fullerene, were shown to diminish the ROS amounts in terms of the molecular and cellular levels against either UVB or t-BuOOH, suggesting the expectation for development as rejuvenation cosmetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xiao
- Laboratory of Cell Death Control BioTechnology, Hiroshima Prefectural University School of BioSciences, Shobara, Hiroshima 727-0023, Japan
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Bogdanović G, Kojić V, Dordević A, Canadanović-Brunet J, Vojinović-Miloradov M, Baltić VV. Modulating activity of fullerol C60(OH)22 on doxorubicin-induced cytotoxicity. Toxicol In Vitro 2005; 18:629-37. [PMID: 15251181 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2004.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2003] [Accepted: 02/29/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Paper presents the effects of the newly synthesized fullerol C60(OH)22 on the growth of tumor cells in vitro and its modulating activity on doxorubicin (DOX)-induced cytotoxicity in human breast cancer cell lines. Cell growth inhibition was evaluated by tetrazolium colorimetric WST1 assay. Electron spin resonance (ESR) "trapping" method was used to investigate OH-radical scavenger activity of fullerol during Fenton's reaction. At a range of nanomolar concentrations fullerol induced cell growth inhibition, which was cell line, dose and time dependent. Fullerol also strongly suppressed DOX-induced cytotoxicity at all concentrations regardless the time of fullerol addition. Proanthocyanidins added as single agent to MCF-7 cell culture for 48 h induced low growth inhibition but in combination with DOX strongly decreased DOX cytotoxicity. Fullerol was found to be a potent hydroxyl radical scavenger: the relative intensity of ESR signals of DMPO-hydroxyl radical (DMPO-OH) spin adduct decreased by 88% in the presence of 0.5 microg/ml of fullerol. The obtained results suggest that antiproliferative effect of the fullerol and its protective effect on DOX-induced cytotoxicity might be mediated through hydroxyl-radical scavenger activity of C60(OH)22.
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MESH Headings
- Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/toxicity
- Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Survival/drug effects
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Doxorubicin/toxicity
- Drug Combinations
- Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor
- Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy
- Female
- Fullerenes/pharmacology
- Humans
- Hydrogen Peroxide/chemistry
- Hydroxyl Radical/analysis
- Iron/chemistry
- Spin Trapping
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordana Bogdanović
- Institute of Oncology Sremska Kamenica, Institutski put 4, 21204 Sremska Kamenica, Serbia and Montenegro.
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Courdavault S, Baudouin C, Sauvaigo S, Mouret S, Candéias S, Charveron M, Favier A, Cadet J, Douki T. Unrepaired cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers do not prevent proliferation of UV-B-irradiated cultured human fibroblasts. Photochem Photobiol 2004; 79:145-51. [PMID: 15068027 DOI: 10.1562/0031-8655(2004)079<0145:ucpddn>2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Mutagenic and carcinogenic UV-B radiation is known to damage DNA mostly through the formation of bipyrimidine photoproducts, including cyclobutane dimers (CPD) and (6-4) photoproducts ((6-4) PP). Using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry, we investigated the formation and repair of thymine-thymine (TT) and thymine-cytosine (TC) CPD and (6-4) PP in the DNA of cultured human dermal fibroblasts. A major observation was that the rate of repair of the photoproducts did not depend on the identity of the modified pyrimidines. In addition, removal of CPD was found to significantly decrease with increasing applied UV-B dose, whereas (6-4) PP were efficiently repaired within less than 24 h, irrespective of the dose. As a result, a relatively large amount of CPD remained in the genome 48 h after the irradiation. Because the overall applied doses (<500 J m(-2)) were chosen to induce moderate cytotoxicity, fibroblasts could recover their proliferation capacities after transitory cell cycle arrest, as shown by 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdUrd) incorporation and flow cytometry analysis. It could thus be concluded that UV-B-irradiated cultured primary human fibroblasts normally proliferate 48 h after irradiation despite the presence of high levels of CPD in their genome. These observations emphasize the role of CPD in the mutagenic effects of UV-B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Courdavault
- Laboratoire Lésions des Acides Nucléiques, Service de Chimie Inorganique et Biologique, CEA/DSM/Département de Recherche Fondamentale sur la Matière Condensée, CEA-Grenoble, France
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42
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Wang CB, Huang MQ, Tao GL, Yu GY, Han ZW, Yang ZH, Wang YJ. Polypeptide from Chlamys farreri protects HaCaT cells from UVB-induced apoptosis. Chem Biol Interact 2004; 147:119-27. [PMID: 15013814 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2003.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/20/2003] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A natural polypeptide from marine Chlamys farreri (a kind of scallop) (PCF), has been recently been found to be an effective photoprotective agent against ultraviolet rays B (UVB)-induced mitochondria damage in normal human fibroblasts. To investigate whether PCF has the antiapoptotic effect on human keratinocytes, in the present study, we established an apoptotic model on HaCaT cell line by means of UVB radiance of 30 mJ/cm(2) and compared the effect of different PCF treatments on UVB-radiated cells. Flow cytometry analyses showed that PCF treatment before UVB-irradiation inhibited UVB-induced apoptosis, the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (Deltapsim) and the increase of free Ca(2+) level in HaCaT cells. In parallel with these results, UVB-irradiation enhanced activities of caspases-3, 8, 9, while this enhancement was inhibited by PCF treatment prior to irradiation. PCF added after irradiation neither reduced UVB-induced activities of the three caspases nor synergized the effect of pre-added PCF. Cellular ultrastructural features obtained from transmission electron microscopy further confirmed the antiapoptotic effect of PCF pre-treatment. It is concluded that the antiapoptotic effect of PCF is not therapeutic but prophylactic. Caspases-3, 8, 9, Deltapsim and calcium are involved in UVB-induced apoptosis, while prophylactic PCF inhibits apoptosis of UVB-irradiated HaCaT cells by blocking the caspases activities, the Deltapsim lost and the elevation of intracellular free Ca(2+) level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Bo Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
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43
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Lee EH, Cho SY, Kim SJ, Shin ES, Chang HK, Kim DH, Yeom MH, Woe KS, Lee J, Sim YC, Lee TR. Ginsenoside F1 protects human HaCaT keratinocytes from ultraviolet-B-induced apoptosis by maintaining constant levels of Bcl-2. J Invest Dermatol 2003; 121:607-13. [PMID: 12925222 DOI: 10.1046/j.1523-1747.2003.12425.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Ginsenosides, the major active ingredients of ginseng, show a variety of biomedical efficacies such as antiaging and antioxidation. Here, we investigate the protective activity of the ginsenoside F1, an enzymatically modified derivative of ginsenoside Rg1, against ultraviolet-B-induced damage in human HaCaT keratinocytes. Ginsenoside F1 significantly reduced ultraviolet-B-induced cell death and protected HaCaT cells from apoptosis caused by ultraviolet B irradiation. Furthermore, ginsenoside F1 prevented ultraviolet-B-induced cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase in HaCaT cells. In search of the molecular mechanism responsible for the antiapoptotic effect of ginsenoside F1, we find that protection from ultraviolet-B-induced apoptosis is tightly correlated with ginsenoside-F1-mediated inhibition of ultraviolet-B-induced downregulation of Bcl-2 and Brn-3a expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enn Hee Lee
- R & D Center, AmorePacific Corporation, 314-1 Bora-ri, Giheung-eup, Yongin-si, Kyeonggi-do 449 729, Korea
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44
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Jipa S, Zaharescu T, Gigante B, Santos C, Setnescu R, Setnescu T, Dumitru M, Gorghiu L, Kappel W, Mihalcea I. Chemiluminescence investigation of thermo-oxidative degradation of polyethylenes stabilized with fullerenes. Polym Degrad Stab 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0141-3910(02)00392-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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45
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Ballot S, Noiret N. Oxorhenium(V) ‘3+2’ mixed-ligand complexes carrying the SNO/SN donor and C60. J Organomet Chem 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-328x(02)01990-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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46
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Straface E, Giacomoni PU, Malorni W. Cultured cells as a model system for the study of UV-induced cytotoxicity. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2001; 63:52-60. [PMID: 11684451 DOI: 10.1016/s1011-1344(01)00215-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
In vivo, UV radiation induces a series of morphological and ultrastructural alterations in human epidermis. These and other changes eventually lead to well described pathological modifications including erythema and cancer. Morphological alterations are easier to detect in cultured cells, such as human keratinocytes or other epithelial cells. One can use different intensities of different radiation types (UV-A, -B and -C) and expose cell monolayers to different doses. In these experimental conditions it is possible to evaluate radiation risks and to provide additional information thanks to the reproducibility and the enormous amplification of the phenomena normally occurring in vivo. Alterations observed in structural studies can be summarized as the succession of the following events: (i) cell retraction with loss of cell-cell interactions; (ii) surface blebbing; and eventually (iii) cell death. Cytoskeletal components play a key role in this cascade. Morphogenesis of these changes can be ascribed to oxidative modifications due to reactive oxygen species formation following radiation that can modify both cell membrane and cytoskeleton. The use of in vitro systems can be of great relevance in the understanding of the pathogenetic mechanisms of UV radiation changes and to determine possible drugs capable of counteracting UV-mediated subcellular pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Straface
- Department of Ultrastructures, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena, 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
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