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Is there any association between migraine headache and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)? A review article. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 49:595-603. [PMID: 34651295 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06799-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and migraine headaches are considered to be common health problems that may share some risk factors. This study aimed to discuss the possible association between migraine headache and polycystic ovary syndrome. METHODS AND RESULTS In this narrative review, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were systematically searched for retrieving and summarizing published studies up to January 2021 to explore the possible interplay between migraine headache and PCOS. We discuss the possible pathways that may explain the association between migraine headaches and PCOS signs/symptoms and complications. While genetic factors have profound effects on the pathogenesis of migraine headaches, sex hormones, including estrogen and progesterone may also play an important role in inducing migraine headaches. Some disorders, such as sleep apnea, amenorrhea, and vascular disease that are more likely to occur in women with PCOS, may cause or exacerbate migraine headaches in women with PCOS. CONCLUSIONS Future comprehensive studies are needed to investigate the exact underlining mechanisms related to the association between PCOS and migraine headaches.
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Comparison of clinical and laboratory parameters in patients with migraine or tension-type headaches: A case-control study. JOURNAL OF SURGERY AND MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.28982/josam.948316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Cavusoglu D, Olgac Dundar N, Oztekin O, Arican P, Gencpinar P, Baran M. A Neurological Appearance of Celiac Disease: Is There Any Associated Factor? Pediatr Emerg Care 2021; 37:303-307. [PMID: 32195978 DOI: 10.1097/pec.0000000000001918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Celiac disease may present with one or more neurological signs and/or symptoms. We aimed to define the incidence of accompanying neurological manifestations in children diagnosed as having celiac disease. METHODS The prospective study included 146 children diagnosed as having celiac disease. The medical records (presentation symptoms, clinical findings, serological test, duodenal biopsy results, lack/deficiency of vitamin, tissue type, accompanying autoimmune disorders) and demographic data of all patients were also reviewed. RESULTS Thirty-five (23.9%) of the 146 celiac patients exhibited one or more neurological findings. Headache (11.6%) and dizziness (6.1%) were the most common symptoms among neurological manifestations. There was a significant difference between the patients with and without neurological manifestations in terms of sex, biopsy result, and tissue type (P < 0.05). Moreover, there was a statistically significant difference between tissue types of the patients with and without headache (P < 0.05). We found that grade 3a by Marsh classification was the most common type among the patients with and without neurological findings in celiac disease. On neuroimaging evaluation of patients, 1 patient with chronic focal ischemic lesion, 1 patient with Chiari type 1 malformation, and 1 patient with subcortical white matter changes were identified. CONCLUSIONS Pathophysiology of neurological involvement in celiac disease is liable for various neurological findings. This study contributes to data suggesting that female sex, mild histopathological form, and human leukocyte antigen DQ2 heterozygosity are related to neurological manifestations, and also human leukocyte antigen DQ2 heterozygosity is associated with headache in celiac disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilek Cavusoglu
- From the Department of Pediatric Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyon
| | - Nihal Olgac Dundar
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, İzmir Katip Çelebi University
| | | | | | - Pinar Gencpinar
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, İzmir Katip Çelebi University
| | - Masallah Baran
- Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Tepecik Education and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
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Frederiksen SD, Bekker‐Nielsen Dunbar M, Snoer AH, Deen M, Edvinsson L. Serotonin and Neuropeptides in Blood From Episodic and Chronic Migraine and Cluster Headache Patients in Case‐Control and Case‐Crossover Settings: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis. Headache 2020; 60:1132-1164. [DOI: 10.1111/head.13802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Agneta H. Snoer
- Danish Headache Centre and Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet Glostrup Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen Glostrup Denmark
| | - Marie Deen
- Danish Headache Centre and Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet Glostrup Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen Glostrup Denmark
| | - Lars Edvinsson
- Department of Clinical Experimental Research Glostrup Research Institute Rigshospitalet Glostrup Glostrup Denmark
- Division of Experimental Vascular Research Department of Clinical Sciences Lund University Lund Sweden
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Jericho H, Guandalini S. Extra-Intestinal Manifestation of Celiac Disease in Children. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10060755. [PMID: 29895731 PMCID: PMC6024684 DOI: 10.3390/nu10060755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this literature review is to discuss the extra-intestinal manifestations of celiac disease within the pediatric celiac population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilary Jericho
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Chicago Celiac Disease Center-Comer Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
| | - Stefano Guandalini
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Chicago Celiac Disease Center-Comer Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
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Gasparini CF, Smith RA, Griffiths LR. Genetic and biochemical changes of the serotonergic system in migraine pathobiology. J Headache Pain 2017; 18:20. [PMID: 28194570 PMCID: PMC5307402 DOI: 10.1186/s10194-016-0711-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Migraine is a brain disorder characterized by a piercing headache which affects one side of the head, located mainly at the temples and in the area around the eye. Migraine imparts substantial suffering to the family in addition to the sufferer, particularly as it affects three times more women than men and is most prevalent between the ages of 25 and 45, the years of child rearing. Migraine typically occurs in individuals with a genetic predisposition and is aggravated by specific environmental triggers. Attempts to study the biochemistry of migraine began as early as the 1960s and were primarily directed at serotonin metabolism after an increase of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), the main metabolite of serotonin was observed in urine of migraineurs. Genetic and biochemical studies have primarily focused on the neurotransmitter serotonin, considering receptor binding, transport and synthesis of serotonin and have investigated serotonergic mediators including enzymes, receptors as well as intermediary metabolites. These studies have been mainly assayed in blood, CSF and urine as the most accessible fluids. More recently PET imaging technology integrated with a metabolomics and a systems biology platform are being applied to study serotonergic biology. The general trend observed is that migraine patients have alterations of neurotransmitter metabolism detected in biological fluids with different biochemistry from controls, however the interpretation of the biological significance of these peripheral changes is unresolved. In this review we present the biology of the serotonergic system and metabolic routes for serotonin and discuss results of biochemical studies with regard to alterations in serotonin in brain, cerebrospinal fluid, saliva, platelets, plasma and urine of migraine patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Francesca Gasparini
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University Gold Coast, Parklands Drive, Southport, QLD, 4222, Australia
| | - Robert Anthony Smith
- Genomics Research Centre, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Musk Ave, Kelvin Grove, QLD, 4059, Australia
| | - Lyn Robyn Griffiths
- Genomics Research Centre, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Musk Ave, Kelvin Grove, QLD, 4059, Australia.
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Petrarca L, Nenna R. Headache and Celiac Disease: An Increasingly Investigated Association. Headache 2017; 56:1520-1521. [PMID: 27699778 DOI: 10.1111/head.12958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Petrarca
- Department of Paediatrics and Paediatric Neuropsychiatry, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Raffaella Nenna
- Department of Paediatrics and Paediatric Neuropsychiatry, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Oliver KH, Duvernay MT, Hamm HE, Carneiro AMD. Loss of Serotonin Transporter Function Alters ADP-mediated Glycoprotein αIIbβ3 Activation through Dysregulation of the 5-HT2A Receptor. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:20210-9. [PMID: 27422820 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.736983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Reduced platelet aggregation and a mild bleeding phenotype have been observed in patients chronically taking selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). However, it remains unclear how SSRIs, which inhibit the plasma membrane serotonin transporter (SERT), modulate hemostasis. Here, we examine how sustained inhibition of SERT activity alters serotonergic signaling and influences platelet activation and hemostasis. Pharmaceutical blockade (citalopram dosing) or genetic ablation (SERT(-/-)) of SERT function in vivo led to reduced serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)) blood levels that paralleled a mild bleeding phenotype in mice. Transfusion of wild-type platelets to SERT(-/-) mice normalized bleeding times to wild-type levels, suggesting that loss of SERTs causes a deficiency in platelet activation. Although SERT(-/-) platelets displayed no difference in P-selectin or αIIbβ3 activation upon stimulation with thrombin, ADP-mediated αIIbβ3 activation is reduced in SERT(-/-) platelets. Additionally, synergistic potentiation of αIIbβ3 activation by ADP and 5-HT is lost in SERT(-/-) platelets. Acute treatment of wild-type platelets with 5-HT2A receptor (5-HT2AR) antagonists or SSRIs revealed that functional 5-HT2ARs, not SERTs, are necessary for the synergistic activation of αIIbβ3 by dual 5-HT/ADP stimulation. Pharmacological studies using radiolabeled guanosine 5'-3-O-([(35)S]thio)triphosphate and [(3)H]ketanserin revealed that platelets isolated from SERT(-/-) or citalopram-treated mice have reduced activation of G-proteins coupled to 5-HT2ARs and receptor surface expression. Taken together, these data demonstrate that sustained SERT loss of function reduces 5-HT2AR surface expression that is critical for the synergistic activation of αIIbβ3 by 5-HT and ADP. These results highlight an antiplatelet strategy centered on blocking or desensitizing 5-HT2AR to attenuate ADP-mediated αIIbβ3 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kendra H Oliver
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
| | - Matthew T Duvernay
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
| | - Heidi E Hamm
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
| | - Ana M D Carneiro
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
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Nenna R, Petrarca L, Verdecchia P, Florio M, Pietropaoli N, Mastrogiorgio G, Bavastrelli M, Bonamico M, Cucchiara S. Celiac disease in a large cohort of children and adolescents with recurrent headache: A retrospective study. Dig Liver Dis 2016; 48:495-498. [PMID: 26826905 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2015.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Revised: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The clinical picture of celiac disease is changing with the emergence of subclinical forms and growing evidence reporting associated neurological disorders. AIMS To establish the prevalence of celiac disease in children suffering from recurrent headache. METHODS In our retrospective study we collected charts from 1131 children attending our tertiary care Centre for Paediatric Headache over the period 2001-2012. They were screened for celiac disease and positive patients were referred to our Operative Unit for Coeliac disease and confirmed positive children underwent upper endoscopy with multiple duodenal biopsies. Celiac children started a gluten-free diet. RESULTS 883 children (481 females; median age, 9.8 years, range 3-19) performed celiac disease screening, and among them, 11 children (7 females; median age, 8.2 years, range: 4.8-13.9) were diagnosed with celiac disease. Seven children (5 females, median age, 11.9 years, range: 10.3-13.9) had been diagnosed as celiac prior to the neurological evaluation. The prevalence of celiac disease in our sample is 2.04% vs. 1.2% of the general population (p=0.034). CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates, on a large series, that celiac disease prevalence is doubled in patients with chronic headache. Screening for celiac disease could be advised as part of the diagnostic work-up in these paediatric patients, particularly among pharmacological non-responders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaella Nenna
- Department of Paediatrics and Infant Neuropsychiatry, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
| | - Laura Petrarca
- Department of Paediatrics and Infant Neuropsychiatry, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Verdecchia
- Department of Paediatrics and Infant Neuropsychiatry, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Florio
- Department of Paediatrics and Infant Neuropsychiatry, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Pietropaoli
- Department of Paediatrics and Infant Neuropsychiatry, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Gerarda Mastrogiorgio
- Department of Paediatrics and Infant Neuropsychiatry, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Bavastrelli
- Department of Paediatrics and Infant Neuropsychiatry, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Margherita Bonamico
- Department of Paediatrics and Infant Neuropsychiatry, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Salvatore Cucchiara
- Department of Paediatrics and Infant Neuropsychiatry, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Shin JH, Kwon HW, Cho HJ, Rhee MH, Park HJ. Inhibitory effects of total saponin from Korean Red Ginseng on [Ca(2+)]i mobilization through phosphorylation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type I in human platelets. J Ginseng Res 2015; 39:354-64. [PMID: 26869828 PMCID: PMC4593793 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2015.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Revised: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Intracellular Ca2+([Ca2+]i) is a platelet aggregation-inducing molecule. Therefore, understanding the inhibitory mechanism of [Ca2+]i mobilization is very important to evaluate the antiplatelet effect of a substance. This study was carried out to understand the Ca2+-antagonistic effect of total saponin from Korean Red Ginseng (KRG-TS). Methods We investigated the Ca2+-antagonistic effect of KRG-TS on cyclic nucleotides-associated phosphorylation of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type I (IP3RI) and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-dependent protein kinase (PKA) in thrombin (0.05 U/mL)-stimulated human platelet aggregation. Results The inhibition of [Ca2+]i mobilization by KRG-TS was increased by a PKA inhibitor (Rp-8-Br-cAMPS), which was more stronger than the inhibition by a cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-dependent protein kinase (PKG) inhibitor (Rp-8-Br-cGMPS). In addition, Rp-8-Br-cAMPS inhibited phosphorylation of PKA catalytic subunit (PKAc) (Thr197) by KRG-TS. The phosphorylation of IP3RI (Ser1756) by KRG-TS was very strongly inhibited by Rp-8-Br-cAMPS compared with that by Rp-8-Br-cGMPS. These results suggest that the inhibitory effect of [Ca2+]i mobilization by KRG-TS is more strongly dependent on a cAMP/PKA pathway than a cGMP/PKG pathway. KRG-TS also inhibited the release of adenosine triphosphate and serotonin. In addition, only G-Rg3 of protopanaxadiol in KRG-TS inhibited thrombin-induced platelet aggregation. Conclusion These results strongly indicate that KRG-TS is a potent beneficial compound that inhibits [Ca2+]i mobilization in thrombin–platelet interactions, which may result in the prevention of platelet aggregation-mediated thrombotic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Hae Shin
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Inje University, Inje-ro, Gimhae-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea
| | - Hyuk-Woo Kwon
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Inje University, Inje-ro, Gimhae-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea
| | - Hyun-Jeong Cho
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Medical Science, Konyang University, Gasuwon-dong, Seo-gu, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Man Hee Rhee
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology and Signaling, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Buk-gu, Daegu, Korea
| | - Hwa-Jin Park
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Inje University, Inje-ro, Gimhae-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea
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Wu S, Wang Z, Dai L, Huang R, Wang X, Li S, Bai X, Mao D, Ruan C. An inherited macrothrombocytopenic disorder with abnormal large granules. Platelets 2009; 17:259-65. [PMID: 16769603 DOI: 10.1080/09537100500485140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Inherited giant platelet syndromes are a heterogeneous group of rare bleeding disorders. In the current study, a patient was reported with prolonged bleeding time, thrombocytopenia and giant platelets. Both the patient's red and white cell counts were normal without morphological abnormalities. The electron microscopy of platelets showed abnormal large electron-dense granules in the cytoplasm with exocytosis being easily observed. Her fathers platelets had the same abnormalities. The expression of glycoprotein (GP)Ib, GPIIb and GPIIIa on the surface of the patient's platelets was normal, and her platelet aggregation in response to ADP and ristocetin was also normal. Immunogold probes combined to monoclonal antibodies against GPIIIa, P-selectin or CD63 could not identify any relationship between the aberrant structures and alpha granules or lysosomes of platelet. Serotonin level was normal in the platelets of the patient, indicating the electron opaque granules are not dense bodies. The morphological abnormalities of the platelets from the patient are clearly distinguishable from other hereditary giant platelet disorders. We propose that the abnormal large granules from the patient's platelets probably represent a novel inherited thrombocytopenic disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyan Wu
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Suzhou University, Suzhou, China
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Pakalnis A, Splaingard M, Splaingard D, Kring D, Colvin A. Serotonin effects on sleep and emotional disorders in adolescent migraine. Headache 2009; 49:1486-92. [PMID: 19486363 DOI: 10.1111/j.1526-4610.2009.01392.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine frequency of emotional disorders and sleep disturbances in adolescent migraineurs with episodic and chronic headaches. To determine the relationship of whole blood serotonin, caffeine consumption, and frequency of sleep and mood disorders. BACKGROUND The neurotransmitter serotonin has been implicated to play a role in the initiation and maintenance of sleep and in modulating mood. A putative role in migraine pathophysiology is also known. METHODS Adolescents from 13 to 17 years of age were identified from our headache clinic with episodic or chronic migraine (according to International Classification of Headache Disorders-Second Edition criteria) and healthy controls enrolled. Psychological rating scales were completed, including Adolescent Symptom Inventory (4th Edition) and Child Depression Inventory. Sleep questionnaires (Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire and Child Sleep Habit Questionnaire) were completed by the teenager's parents/guardian. Whole blood serotonin levels were drawn and analyzed and caffeine consumption obtained by history. RESULTS A total of 18 controls (8 girls) and 15 patients each with episodic migraines (9 girls) and chronic migraine (10 girls) were studied. Patients with headache had significantly more sleep problems than controls. Patients with chronic migraines had increased daytime sleepiness and dysthymia compared with teenagers with episodic migraines. Serotonin levels were not significantly different, and no association was noted between serotonin levels and sleep abnormalities or emotional rating scales. Increased caffeine intake was related to sleep and depressive complaints. CONCLUSIONS Sleep and emotional disorders were common in adolescents with migraine. Sleep disorders and dysthymia were more prevalent with increased headache frequency. No correlation was noted with whole blood serotonin levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Pakalnis
- Department of Neurology, Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
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Fisar Z, Kalisová L, Paclt I, Anders M, Vevera J. Platelet serotonin uptake in drug-naïve depressive patients before and after treatment with citalopram. Psychiatry Res 2008; 161:185-94. [PMID: 18817980 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2007.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2006] [Revised: 02/20/2007] [Accepted: 06/24/2007] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the kinetic parameters of serotonin (5-HT) uptake into platelets in a group of 26 drug-naïve patients suffering from major depression before and after 3-7 weeks of treatment with citalopram. The degree of depression was rated using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS). The 5-HT uptake characteristics in untreated depressive patients were not significantly different from those of normal subjects. The apparent Michaelis constant (K(M)) was significantly increased, the apparent maximal velocity (V(max)) was not different from baseline, and the uptake efficiency (V(max)/K(M)) was significantly decreased after citalopram treatment. A significantly positive correlation between K(M) and V(max) was found in all groups. There was a significantly lower V(max) and V(max)/K(M) in the female compared with the male depressed patients before citalopram treatment; a hypothesis was supported that lowered 5-HT uptake may reflect a gender-linked vulnerability to a serotonin-related depression. A significant negative correlation between 5-HT uptake efficiency and the initial HDRS score suggests that platelet 5-HT uptake can be used as a marker of effective depressive disorder pharmacotherapy. The initial severity of depression was significantly negatively correlated with V(max), which supported a hypothesis that the initial severity of depressive disorder could be related to the lower V(max).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zdenek Fisar
- Department of Psychiatry, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Ke Karlovu 11, 128 01 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
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Panconesi A. Serotonin and migraine: a reconsideration of the central theory. J Headache Pain 2008; 9:267-76. [PMID: 18668197 PMCID: PMC3452194 DOI: 10.1007/s10194-008-0058-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2008] [Accepted: 07/11/2008] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) has been implicated in migraine pathophysiology for the past 50 years. A low central 5-HT disposition associated with an increase in 5-HT release during attack is the most convincing change of 5-HT metabolism implicated in migraine. Peripheral studies on plasma/platelet have not generally shown low 5-HT levels. Studies on 5-HT reactivity showed hypersensitivity, also expressed as reduced tachyphylaxis (habituation), which successively was evidenced as the most characteristic marker of an altered sensory neurotransmission. Even the gender and seasonal variations of 5-HT parameters seem to agree with a low 5-HT turnover with receptoral hypersensitivity. The interpretation of the effects of some serotonergic drugs and recent neuroimaging studies give major evidence for this cascade of events. Although the exact mechanism that links abnormal 5-HT neurotransmission to the manifestation of head pain has yet to be fully understood, a deficit on 5-HT descending pain inhibitory system is still probably today the most implicated in migraine pathophysiology. This short review focuses and discusses the alteration of peripheral and central 5-HT parameters in migraine patients.
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Nagata E, Shibata M, Hamada J, Shimizu T, Katoh Y, Gotoh K, Suzuki N. Plasma 5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) in Migraine During an Attack-Free Period. Headache 2006; 46:592-6. [PMID: 16643553 DOI: 10.1111/j.1526-4610.2006.00408.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We measured the plasma 5-HT, 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP), and tryptophan levels in controls, migraine patients with aura (MWA), and migraine patients without aura (MWoA) during an attack-free period. BACKGROUND Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) has been implicated in the pathophysiology of migraine. The precise relationship between 5-HT and migraine, however, remains unclear. METHODS Blood samples in controls, MWA, and MWoA patients during an attack-free period were collected from brachial arteries and analyzed using HPLC. RESULTS The plasma tryptophan and 5-HTP levels were not significantly different between the controls and migraine patients (either MWA or MWoA). However, the plasma 5-HT level in the MWA patients was significantly lower than that in the controls and MWoA patients. CONCLUSIONS The present data suggest that reduced levels of 5-HT in MWA may result from either a dysfunction in the enzymes involved in serotonin biosynthesis or a dysfunction in 5-HT release or uptake from platelets and lymphocytes. These findings indicate the existence of a serotonin metabolism dysfunction in MWA patients that may differ from the state of serotonin metabolism in MWoA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiichiro Nagata
- Department of Neurology, Saitama City Hospital, Saitama, Japan
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Filic V, Vladic A, Stefulj J, Cicin-Sain L, Balija M, Sucic Z, Jernej B. Monoamine oxidases A and B gene polymorphisms in migraine patients. J Neurol Sci 2004; 228:149-53. [PMID: 15694196 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2004.11.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2004] [Revised: 08/26/2004] [Accepted: 11/12/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal cortical activity and brainstem functioning are considered the possible etiopathogenetic factors of migraine. Monoamine oxidase A and B (MAO-A and -B) regulate the levels of monoamine neurotransmitters, so changes in their activity could participate in migraine pathogenesis. We have investigated the possible association of MAO-A and -B alleles and haplotypes with two common types of migraine, i.e. migraine without aura (MO) and migraine with aura (MA), on the sample of 110 migraineours (80 MO and 30 MA) and 150 controls. MAO-A promoter and MAO-B intron 13 polymorphisms were genotyped by the PCR-based methods. In addition, we have reevaluated the reported association between MAO-B intron 13 polymorphism and platelet MAO-B activity. The platelet MAO-B activity was determined fluorimetrically using kynuramine as a substrate. We have found a tendency toward association of the shorter variant of MAO-A gene promoter with migraine without aura in male subjects. Regarding investigated MAO-B polymorphism, no association with migraine or with platelet MAO-B activity was found. The suggestive association of the variant in MAO-A gene with migraine is considered worthy of independent replication. On the other hand, further studies on MAO-B polymorphism in migraine do not seem promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vedrana Filic
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Molecular Neurobiology, Dept. of Molecular Biology, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Bijenicka 54, Zagreb HR-10000, Croatia
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