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Qiu Q, Xu Y. Rapid and Sensitive Detection by Combining Electric Field Effects and Surface Plasmon Resonance: A Theoretical Study. MICROMACHINES 2024; 15:653. [PMID: 38793226 PMCID: PMC11123134 DOI: 10.3390/mi15050653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) has been extensively employed in biological sensing, environmental detection, as well as chemical industry. Nevertheless, the performance possessed by conventional surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensors can be further limited by the transport of analyte molecules to the sensing surface, noteworthily when small molecules or low levels of substances are being detected. In this study, a rapid and highly sensitive SPR biosensor is introduced to enhance the ability of the target analytes' collection by integrating AC electroosmosis (ACEO) and dielectrophoresis (DEP). Both the above-mentioned phenomena principally arise from the generation of the AC electric fields. This generation can be tailored by shaping the interdigitated electrodes (IDEs) that also serve as the SPR biomarker sensing area. The effects exerted by different parameters (e.g., the frequency and voltage of the AC electric field as well as microelectrode structures) are considered in the iSPR (interdigitated SPR) biosensor operation, and the iSPR biosensors are optimized with the sensitivity. The results of this study confirm that the iSPR can efficiently concentrate small molecules into the SPR sensing area, such that SPR reactions achieve an order of magnitude increase, and the detection time is shortened. The rapid and sensitive sensor takes on critical significance in the development of on-site diagnostics in a wide variety of human and animal health applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yan Xu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Xinjiang, Urumqi 830049, China;
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2
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Krishna S, Alnaimat F, Mathew B. Nozzle-Shaped Electrode Configuration for Dielectrophoretic 3D-Focusing of Microparticles. MICROMACHINES 2019; 10:mi10090585. [PMID: 31480490 PMCID: PMC6780211 DOI: 10.3390/mi10090585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
An experimentally validated mathematical model of a microfluidic device with nozzle-shaped electrode configuration for realizing dielectrophoresis based 3D-focusing is presented in the article. Two right-triangle shaped electrodes on the top and bottom surfaces make up the nozzle-shaped electrode configuration. The mathematical model consists of equations describing the motion of microparticles as well as profiles of electric potential, electric field, and fluid flow inside the microchannel. The influence of forces associated with inertia, gravity, drag, virtual mass, dielectrophoresis, and buoyancy are taken into account in the model. The performance of the microfluidic device is quantified in terms of horizontal and vertical focusing parameters. The influence of operating parameters, such as applied electric potential and volumetric flow rate, as well as geometric parameters, such as electrode dimensions and microchannel dimensions, are analyzed using the model. The performance of the microfluidic device enhances with an increase in applied electric potential and reduction in volumetric flow rate. Additionally, the performance of the microfluidic device improves with reduction in microchannel height and increase in microparticle radius while degrading with increase in reduction in electrode length and width. The model is of great benefit as it allows for generating working designs of the proposed microfluidic device with the desired performance metrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salini Krishna
- Mechanical Engineering Department, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, UAE
| | - Fadi Alnaimat
- Mechanical Engineering Department, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, UAE.
- National Water Center, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, UAE.
| | - Bobby Mathew
- Mechanical Engineering Department, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, UAE
- National Water Center, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, UAE
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3
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Alnaimat F, Ramesh S, Alazzam A, Hilal-Alnaqbi A, Waheed W, Mathew B. Dielectrophoresis-based 3D-focusing of microscale entities in microfluidic devices. Cytometry A 2018; 93:811-821. [DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.23569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fadi Alnaimat
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; UAE University; Al Ain United Arab Emirates
| | - Salini Ramesh
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; UAE University; Al Ain United Arab Emirates
| | - Anas Alazzam
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; Khalifa University; Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates
| | - Ali Hilal-Alnaqbi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; UAE University; Al Ain United Arab Emirates
- Abu Dhabi Polytechnic; Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates
| | - Waqas Waheed
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; Khalifa University; Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates
| | - Bobby Mathew
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; UAE University; Al Ain United Arab Emirates
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4
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Abstract
The widespread interest in cell synchronization is maintained by the studies of control mechanism involved in cell cycle regulation. During the synchronization distinct subpopulations of cells are obtained representing different stages of the cell cycle. These subpopulations are then used to study regulatory mechanisms of the cycle at the level of macromolecular biosynthesis (DNA synthesis, gene expression, protein synthesis), protein phosphorylation, development of new drugs, etc. Although several synchronization methods have been described, it is of general interest that scientists get a compilation and an updated view of these synchronization techniques. This introductory chapter summarizes: (1) the basic concepts and principal criteria of cell cycle synchronizations, (2) the most frequently used synchronization methods, such as physical fractionation (flow cytometry, dielectrophoresis, cytofluorometric purification), chemical blockade, (3) synchronization of embryonic cells, (4) synchronization at low temperature, (5) comparison of cell synchrony techniques, (6) synchronization of unicellular organisms, and (7) the effect of synchronization on transfection.
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5
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Ferreira AM, Cruz-Moreira D, Cerqueira L, Miranda JM, Azevedo NF. Yeasts identification in microfluidic devices using peptide nucleic acid fluorescence in situ hybridization (PNA-FISH). Biomed Microdevices 2017; 19:11. [PMID: 28144839 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-017-0150-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Peptide nucleic acid fluorescence in situ hybridization (PNA-FISH) is a highly specific molecular method widely used for microbial identification. Nonetheless, and due to the detection limit of this technique, a time-consuming pre-enrichment step is typically required before identification. In here we have developed a lab-on-a-chip device to concentrate cell suspensions and speed up the identification process in yeasts. The PNA-FISH protocol was optimized to target Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a common yeast that is very relevant for several types of food industries. Then, several coin-sized microfluidic devices with different geometries were developed. Using Computational fluid dynamics (CFD), we modeled the hydrodynamics inside the microchannels and selected the most promising options. SU-8 structures were fabricated based on the selected designs and used to produce polydimethylsiloxane-based microchips by soft lithography. As a result, an integrated approach combining microfluidics and PNA-FISH for the rapid identification of S. cerevisiae was achieved. To improve fluid flow inside microchannels and the PNA-FISH labeling, oxygen plasma treatment was applied to the microfluidic devices and a new methodology to introduce the cell suspension and solutions into the microchannels was devised. A strong PNA-FISH signal was observed in cells trapped inside the microchannels, proving that the proposed methodology works as intended. The microfluidic designs and PNA-FISH procedure described in here should be easily adaptable for detection of other microorganisms of similar size.
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Affiliation(s)
- André M Ferreira
- LEPABE- Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering of University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s, /n 4200-465, Porto, Portugal.,CEFT-Transport Phenomena Research Center, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering of University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s, /n 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
| | - Daniela Cruz-Moreira
- LEPABE- Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering of University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s, /n 4200-465, Porto, Portugal.,CEFT-Transport Phenomena Research Center, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering of University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s, /n 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
| | - Laura Cerqueira
- LEPABE- Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering of University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s, /n 4200-465, Porto, Portugal.,Biomode 2, S.A.-Edifício GNRation, Praça Conde de Agrolongo, n°, 123 4700-312, Braga, Portugal
| | - João M Miranda
- CEFT-Transport Phenomena Research Center, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering of University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s, /n 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
| | - Nuno F Azevedo
- LEPABE- Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering of University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s, /n 4200-465, Porto, Portugal.
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6
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Song Y, Wang C, Li M, Pan X, Li D. Focusing particles by induced charge electrokinetic flow in a microchannel. Electrophoresis 2016; 37:666-75. [PMID: 26640123 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201500361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Revised: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
A novel method of sheathless particle focusing by induced charge electrokinetic flow in a microchannel is presented in this paper. By placing a pair of metal plates on the opposite walls of the channel and applying an electrical field, particle focusing is achieved due to the two pairs of vortex that constrain the flow of the particle solution. As an example, the trajectories of particles under different electrical fields with only one metal plate on one side channel wall were numerically simulated and experimentally validated. Other flow focusing effects, such as the focused width ratio (focused width/channel width) and length ratio (focused length/half-length of metal plate) of the sample solution, were also numerically studied. The results show that the particle firstly passes through the gaps between the upstream vortices and the channel walls. Afterwards, the particle is focused to pass through the gap between the two downstream vortices that determine the focused particle position. Numerical simulations show that the focused particle stream becomes thin with the increases in the applied electrical field and the length of the metal plates. As regards to the focused length ratio of the focused stream, however, it slightly increases with the increase in the applied electrical field and almost keeps constant with the increase in the length of the metal plate. The size of the focused sample solution, therefore, can be easily adjusted by controlling the applied electrical field and the sizes of the metal plates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxin Song
- Department of Marine Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, P. R. China
| | - Chengfa Wang
- Department of Marine Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, P. R. China
| | - Mengqi Li
- Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Xinxiang Pan
- Department of Marine Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, P. R. China
| | - Dongqing Li
- Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
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7
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Kung YC, Huang KW, Chong W, Chiou PY. Tunnel Dielectrophoresis for Tunable, Single-Stream Cell Focusing in Physiological Buffers in High-Speed Microfluidic Flows. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2016; 12:4343-8. [PMID: 27348575 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201600996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Revised: 05/14/2016] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
A novel tunnel dielectrophoresis (TDEP) mechanism is demonstrated for continuously tunable, sheathless, 3D, and single-stream microparticle and cell focusing in high-speed flows in regular physiological buffers. Particles and cells showing negative DEP responses can be focused at the electric field minimum location regardless of their types and sizes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chun Kung
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA), 14-124 Eng. IV, 420 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1597, USA
| | - Kuo-Wei Huang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA), 14-124 Eng. IV, 420 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1597, USA
| | - William Chong
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA), 14-124 Eng. IV, 420 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1597, USA
| | - Pei-Yu Chiou
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA), 14-124 Eng. IV, 420 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1597, USA
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8
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Haandbæk N, Bürgel SC, Rudolf F, Heer F, Hierlemann A. Characterization of Single Yeast Cell Phenotypes Using Microfluidic Impedance Cytometry and Optical Imaging. ACS Sens 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.6b00286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Niels Haandbæk
- Department
of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, 4058, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sebastian C. Bürgel
- Department
of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, 4058, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Fabian Rudolf
- Department
of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, 4058, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Flavio Heer
- Zurich Instruments AG, Technoparkstrasse
1, 8005, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Hierlemann
- Department
of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, 4058, Basel, Switzerland
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9
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Vaillier C, Honegger T, Kermarrec F, Gidrol X, Peyrade D. Comprehensive analysis of human cells motion under an irrotational AC electric field in an electro-microfluidic chip. PLoS One 2014; 9:e95231. [PMID: 24736275 PMCID: PMC3988152 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0095231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2013] [Accepted: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
AC electrokinetics is a versatile tool for contact-less manipulation or characterization of cells and has been widely used for separation based on genotype translation to electrical phenotypes. Cells responses to an AC electric field result in a complex combination of electrokinetic phenomena, mainly dielectrophoresis and electrohydrodynamic forces. Human cells behaviors to AC electrokinetics remain unclear over a large frequency spectrum as illustrated by the self-rotation effect observed recently. We here report and analyze human cells behaviors in different conditions of medium conductivity, electric field frequency and magnitude. We also observe the self-rotation of human cells, in the absence of a rotational electric field. Based on an analytical competitive model of electrokinetic forces, we propose an explanation of the cell self-rotation. These experimental results, coupled with our model, lead to the exploitation of the cell behaviors to measure the intrinsic dielectric properties of JURKAT, HEK and PC3 human cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarisse Vaillier
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, LTM, Grenoble, France; CNRS, LTM, Grenoble, France
| | - Thibault Honegger
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, LTM, Grenoble, France; CNRS, LTM, Grenoble, France; Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of Amercia
| | - Frédérique Kermarrec
- CEA, Institut de Recherches en Technologies et Sciences pour le Vivant, Grenoble, France
| | - Xavier Gidrol
- CEA, Institut de Recherches en Technologies et Sciences pour le Vivant, Grenoble, France
| | - David Peyrade
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, LTM, Grenoble, France; CNRS, LTM, Grenoble, France
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10
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Lewpiriyawong N, Yang C. Dielectrophoresis Field-Flow Fractionation for Continuous-Flow Separation of Particles and Cells in Microfluidic Devices. ADVANCES IN TRANSPORT PHENOMENA 2011 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-01793-8_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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11
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Capretto L, Carugo D, Mazzitelli S, Nastruzzi C, Zhang X. Microfluidic and lab-on-a-chip preparation routes for organic nanoparticles and vesicular systems for nanomedicine applications. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2013; 65:1496-532. [PMID: 23933616 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2013.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2013] [Revised: 07/10/2013] [Accepted: 08/01/2013] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, advancements in the fields of microfluidic and lab-on-a-chip technologies have provided unique opportunities for the implementation of nanomaterial production processes owing to the miniaturisation of the fluidic environment. It has been demonstrated that microfluidic reactors offer a range of advantages compared to conventional batch reactors, including improved controllability and uniformity of nanomaterial characteristics. In addition, the fast mixing achieved within microchannels, and the predictability of the laminar flow conditions, can be leveraged to investigate the nanomaterial formation dynamics. In this article recent developments in the field of microfluidic production of nanomaterials for drug delivery applications are reviewed. The features that make microfluidic reactors a suitable technological platform are discussed in terms of controllability of nanomaterials production. An overview of the various strategies developed for the production of organic nanoparticles and colloidal assemblies is presented, focusing on those nanomaterials that could have an impact on nanomedicine field such as drug nanoparticles, polymeric micelles, liposomes, polymersomes, polyplexes and hybrid nanoparticles. The effect of microfluidic environment on nanomaterials formation dynamics, as well as the use of microdevices as tools for nanomaterial investigation is also discussed.
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12
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Honegger T, Peyrade D. Dielectrophoretic properties of engineered protein patterned colloidal particles. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2012; 6:44115. [PMID: 24339848 PMCID: PMC3555509 DOI: 10.1063/1.4771544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2012] [Accepted: 11/27/2012] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
This work determines the dielectrophoretic response of surface modified polystyrene and silica colloidal particles by experimentally measuring their Clausius-Mossotti factors. Commercial charged particles, fabricated ones coated with fibronectin, and Janus particles that have been grafted with fibronectin on one side only were investigated. We show that the dielectrophoretic response of such particles can be controlled by the modification of the chemistry or the anisotropy of their surface. Moreover, by modelling the polarizabilities of those particles, the dielectric parameters of the particles and the grafted layer of protein can be measured.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Honegger
- LTM, CNRS-UJF, CEA-LETI, 17 av. des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble, France
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13
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Nerguizian V, Alazzam A, Roman D, Stiharu I, Burnier M. Analytical solutions and validation of electric field and dielectrophoretic force in a bio-microfluidic channel. Electrophoresis 2012; 33:426-35. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201100325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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14
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Huang CT, Weng CH, Jen CP. Three-dimensional cellular focusing utilizing a combination of insulator-based and metallic dielectrophoresis. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2011; 5:44101-4410111. [PMID: 22662053 PMCID: PMC3364800 DOI: 10.1063/1.3646757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2011] [Accepted: 09/14/2011] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Particle focusing in microfluidic devices is a necessary step in medical applications, such as detection, sorting, counting, and flow cytometry. This study proposes a microdevice that combines insulator-based and metal-electrode dielectrophoresis for the three-dimensional focusing of biological cells. Four insulating structures, which form an X pattern, are employed to confine the electric field in a conducting solution, thereby creating localized field minima in the microchannel. These electrodes, 56-μm-wide at the top and bottom surfaces, are connected to one electric pole of the power source. The electrodes connected to the opposite pole, which are at the sides of the microchannel, have one of three patterns: planar, dual-planar, or three-dimensional. Therefore, low-electric-field regions at the center of the microchannel are generated to restrain the viable HeLa cells with negative dielectrophoretic response. The array of insulating structures aforementioned is used to enhance the performance of confinement. According to numerical simulations, three-dimensional electrodes exhibit the best focusing performance, followed by dual-planar and planar electrodes. Experimental results reveal that increasing the strength of the applied electric field or decreasing the inlet flow rate significantly enhances focusing performance. The smallest width of focusing is 17 μm for an applied voltage and an inlet flow rate of 35 V and 0.5 μl/min, respectively. The effect of the inlet flow rate on focusing is insignificant for an applied voltage of 35 V. The proposed design retains the advantages of insulator-based dielectrophoresis with a relatively low required voltage. Additionally, complicated flow controls are unnecessary for the three-dimensional focusing of cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Te Huang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Advanced Institute of Manufacturing for High-tech Innovations, National Chung Cheng University, Chia Yi, Taiwan
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15
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Abstract
Widespread interest in cell synchronization is maintained by the studies of control mechanisms involved in cell cycle regulation. During the synchronization distinct subpopulations of cells are obtained representing different stages of the cell cycle. These subpopulations are then used to study regulatory mechanisms of the cycle at the level of macromolecular biosynthesis (DNA synthesis, gene expression, protein synthesis), protein phosphorylation, development of new drugs, etc. Although several synchronization methods have been described, it is of general interest that scientists get a compilation and an updated view of these synchronization techniques. This introductory chapter summarizes: (1) the basic concepts and principal criteria of cell cycle synchronizations, (2) the most frequently used synchronization methods, such as physical fractionation (flow cytometry, dielectrophoresis, cytofluorometric purification), chemical blockade, (3) synchronization of embryonic cells, (4) synchronization at low temperature, (5) comparison of cell synchrony techniques, (6) synchronization of unicellular organisms, and (7) the effect of synchronization on transfection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaspar Banfalvi
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology and Cell Biology, University of Debrecen, 4010, Debrecen, Hungary.
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16
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Godin J, Chen CH, Cho SH, Qiao W, Tsai F, Lo YH. Microfluidics and photonics for Bio-System-on-a-Chip: a review of advancements in technology towards a microfluidic flow cytometry chip. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2008; 1:355-76. [PMID: 19343660 PMCID: PMC2746115 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.200810018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidics and photonics come together to form a field commonly referred to as 'optofluidics'. Flow cytometry provides the field with a technology base from which both microfluidic and photonic components be developed and integrated into a useful device. This article reviews some of the more recent developments to familiarize a reader with the current state of the technologies and also highlights the requirements of the device and how researchers are working to meet these needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Godin
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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17
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Song Y, Hormes J, Kumar CSSR. Microfluidic synthesis of nanomaterials. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2008; 4:698-711. [PMID: 18535993 DOI: 10.1002/smll.200701029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 246] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
An overview of the current information and analyses on the microfluidic synthesis of different types of nanomaterial, including metallic and silica nanoparticles and quantum dots, is presented. Control of particle size, size distribution, and crystal structure of nanomaterials are examined in terms of the special features of microfluidic reactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujun Song
- Center for Advanced Microstructures and Devices at Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70806, USA
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18
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Choi S, Song S, Choi C, Park JK. Sheathless focusing of microbeads and blood cells based on hydrophoresis. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2008; 4:634-41. [PMID: 18383190 DOI: 10.1002/smll.200700308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents a microfluidic device for sheathless focusing of microbeads and blood cells based on a hydrophoretic platform comprising a V-shaped obstacle array (VOA). The VOA generates lateral pressure gradients that induce helical recirculations. Following the focusing flow particles passing through the VOA are focused in the center of the channel. In the device, the focusing pattern can be modulated by varying the gap height of the VOA. To achieve complete focusing within 4.4% coefficient of variation, the relative size differences between the gap and the particle were 3 and 4 microm for 10 and 15 microm beads, respectively. Red blood cells were used to study the hydrophoretic focusing pattern of biconcave, disk-shaped particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungyoung Choi
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) 335 Gwahangno, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Korea
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19
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Kersaudy-Kerhoas M, Dhariwal R, Desmulliez MPY. Recent advances in microparticle continuous separation. IET Nanobiotechnol 2008; 2:1-13. [PMID: 18298195 DOI: 10.1049/iet-nbt:20070025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M Kersaudy-Kerhoas
- Heriot-Watt University, MIcroSystems Engineering Centre, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Edinburgh, UK.
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20
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Cheng IF, Chang HC, Hou D, Chang HC. An integrated dielectrophoretic chip for continuous bioparticle filtering, focusing, sorting, trapping, and detecting. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2007; 1:21503. [PMID: 19693376 PMCID: PMC2717572 DOI: 10.1063/1.2723669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2006] [Accepted: 03/01/2007] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Multi-target pathogen detection using heterogeneous medical samples require continuous filtering, sorting, and trapping of debris, bioparticles, and immunocolloids within a diagnostic chip. We present an integrated AC dielectrophoretic (DEP) microfluidic platform based on planar electrodes that form three-dimensional (3D) DEP gates. This platform can continuously perform these tasks with a throughput of 3 muLmin. Mixtures of latex particles, Escherichia coli Nissle, Lactobacillus, and Candida albicans are sorted and concentrated by these 3D DEP gates. Surface enhanced Raman scattering is used as an on-chip detection method on the concentrated bacteria. A processing rate of 500 bacteria was estimated when 100 mul of a heterogeneous colony of 10(7) colony forming units ml was processed in a single pass within 30 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Fang Cheng
- Institute of Nanotechnology and Microsystem Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Holmes D, Sandison ME, Green NG, Morgan H. On-chip high-speed sorting of micron-sized particles for high-throughput analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 152:129-35. [PMID: 16441169 DOI: 10.1049/ip-nbt:20050008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A new design of particle sorting chip is presented. The device employs a dielectrophoretic gate that deflects particles into one of two microfluidic channels at high speed. The device operates by focussing particles into the central streamline of the main flow channel using dielectrophoretic focussing. At the sorting junction (T- or Y-junction) two sets of electrodes produce a small dielectrophoretic force that pushes the particle into one or other of the outlet channels, where they are carried under the pressure-driven fluid flow to the outlet. For a 40 microm wide and high channel, it is shown that 6 microm diameter particles can be deflected at a rate of 300/s. The principle of a fully automated sorting device is demonstrated by separating fluorescent from non-fluorescent latex beads.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Holmes
- University of Southampton, School of Electronics and Computing Sciences, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 8AB, UK
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Holmes D, Morgan H, Green NG. High throughput particle analysis: combining dielectrophoretic particle focussing with confocal optical detection. Biosens Bioelectron 2005; 21:1621-30. [PMID: 16332434 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2005.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2005] [Revised: 10/25/2005] [Accepted: 10/25/2005] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A micro flow cytometer has been fabricated that detects and counts fluorescent particles flowing through a microchannel at high speed based upon their fluorescence emission intensity. Dielectrophoresis is used to continuously focus particles within the flowing fluid stream into the centre of the device, which is 40 microm high and 250 microm wide. The method ensures that all the particles pass through an interrogation region approximately 5 microm in diameter, which is created by focusing a beam of light into a spot. The functioning of the device was demonstrated by detecting and counting fluorescent latex particles at a rate of up to 250 particles/s. A mixture of three different populations of latex particle was used, each sub-population with a distinct level of fluorescent intensity. The device was evaluated by comparison with a conventional fluorescent activated cell sorter (FACS) and numerical simulation demonstrated that for 6 microm beads, and for this design of chip the theoretical throughput is of the order of 1000 particles/s (corresponding to a particle velocity of 10 mm s(-1)).
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Affiliation(s)
- David Holmes
- School of Electronics and Computing Science, University of Southampton, Highfield, UK
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