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Tang X, Bi X, Yang A, Wang Q, Yang Y. GGTLC1 knockdown inhibits the progression of endometrial cancer by regulating the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. Heliyon 2024; 10:e31973. [PMID: 38841516 PMCID: PMC11152738 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Endometrial cancer (EC) poses a serious risk to females worldwide; thus, a deep understanding of EC is urgently required. The role and mechanisms of gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain 1 (GGTLC1) in EC remain obscure. This study aims to elucidate the function and mechanisms underlying GGTLC1's involvement in EC. Methods Bioinformatic tools and databases were used to analyze GGTLC1 and its associated gene expression in EC tissues. Functional enrichment explorations and immune infiltration analyses were conducted, together with investigation into the methylation status of GGTLC1. Western blotting and Quantitative real-time PCR quantified expression levels. Additional experimental methodologies elucidated the role of GGTLC1 in EC progression. Transcriptome sequencing identified potential regulatory pathways for GGTLC1, and tumor growth was evaluated in vivo using HEC-1A cells in nude mice. Results GGTLC1 was upregulated and negatively correlated with immune cell infiltration and DNA methylation in EC. Cell migration and proliferation were reduced following GGTLC1 knockdown, together with arrest at the G0/G1 phase and an upsurge in apoptosis. Compared to the knockdown group, TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway was up-regulated in the negative control group of EC cells by transcriptome analysis. The levels of TGF-β, pSmad2, and pSmad3 followed the same decreasing trend, whereas Smad3 and Smad2 protein levels remained unchanged. Conclusion Knockdown of GGTLC1 attenuates EC development through the TGF-β/Smad pathway, positioning GGTLC1 as a promising target for EC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Tang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730099, China
- The Third People's Hospital of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Gynecological Oncology Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xuehan Bi
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730099, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Gynecological Oncology Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - Aihong Yang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730099, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Gynecological Oncology Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - Qinganzi Wang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730099, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Gynecological Oncology Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yongxiu Yang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730099, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Gynecological Oncology Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
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Yang D, Gu X, Li C, Shi J, Chen Y, Dong M, Zhang Z. BCL7B is a potential novel diagnosis and prognosis biomarker for sarcomas using bioinformatics analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e26632. [PMID: 34260555 PMCID: PMC8284715 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000026632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BCL7B plays a potential role in the progression of various cancers, while its role in sarcomas is unknown. We aimed to evaluate BCL7B's diagnostic and prognostic value, and potential BCL7B-related mechanisms in sarcomas based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. We collected patients with sarcoma from TCGA. Wilcoxon rank sum test was used to compare the expression of BCL7B in sarcoma samples with different clinical-pathologic features. Univariate Cox regression analysis and multivariate Cox regression analysis were used to evaluate prognosis factors for sarcoma. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was conducted to elucidate the significant functions and pathways associated with BCL7B. BCL7B was a potential biomarker for distinguishing normal and tumor tissues with the analysis of ROC curve (AUC = 0.588). Low BCL7B expression was significantly correlated with tumor multifocal (OR = 0.39 for yes vs no), larger residual tumor (OR = 0.40 for R1,R2 vs RO), male gender (OR = 0.48 for male vs female) and White race (OR = 0.29 for White vs Asian, Black or African American). High BCL7B expression was correlated with leiomyosarcoma histological type (OR = 6.08 for leiomyosarcoma vs dedifferentiated liposarcoma, pleomorphic sarcoma). Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that low BCL7B expression was independently associated with poor overall survival (P = .008). GSEA showed that GPCR (G protein-coupled receptors) ligand binding, secreted factors, class A1 rhodopsin-like receptors, extracellular matrix organization, core matrisome, Fc epsilon receptor I mediated NF-κB activation, and WNT signaling pathway were differentially enriched in BCL7B low expression phenotype (|NES| > 1, adjusted P value <.05, and FDR value <0.25). BCL7B may play an important role in sarcoma progression and may be a potential biomarker for prognosis and diagnosis in sarcomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinglong Yang
- Second Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, China
| | - Xiaodong Gu
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Chunjiang Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Junjun Shi
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yujing Chen
- School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xian, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mingjie Dong
- Second Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
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Catros V. Les CAR-T cells, des cellules tueuses spécifiques d’antigènes tumoraux. Med Sci (Paris) 2019; 35:316-326. [DOI: 10.1051/medsci/2019067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Les lymphocytes T présentent des fonctions lytiques puissantes et leur adressage spécifique aux cellules tumorales afin de les détruire est un enjeu majeur. Leur ingénierie par transfert d’une construction génétique codant un fragment d’anticorps spécifique de la molécule CD19, exprimée par les lymphocytes B, fusionné à une unité de transduction d’un signal T a conduit à des résultats cliniques importants dans des formes avancées de lymphomes. Ces lymphocytes T modifiés, appelés CAR-T cells, ou plus simplement CAR pour chimeric antigen receptor, ont reçu une approbation par la Food and drug administration américaine en 2017 pour les deux premiers médicaments de thérapie cellulaire : le Kymriah™ et le Yescarta™. Ces CAR, conçus pour le traitement d’hémopathies malignes, permettent d’envisager la construction d’autres CAR dirigés, eux, contre des tumeurs solides. De nouvelles générations de CAR visent à mieux contrôler leur prolifération et à améliorer leurs fonctions in vivo grâce à la mise en place de mécanismes d’inactivation inductibles. Le développement des multi-CAR, des CAR spécifiques de plusieurs cibles, et leur combinaison aux inhibiteurs de points de contrôle immunitaires ouvrent une nouvelle ère pour l’immunothérapie des tumeurs.
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Benzaquen J, Marquette CH, Glaichenhaus N, Leroy S, Hofman P, Ilié M. [The biological rationale for immunotherapy in cancer]. Rev Mal Respir 2018; 35:206-222. [PMID: 29428191 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2017.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Immunotherapy aims to promote the immune system's activity against malignant cells by stimulating the response to several tumor antigens. STATE OF THE ART Immunosurveillance may adjust the immunogenicity of tumors. To be effective, immunity must induce the specific activation of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes, as well as activation of innate immunity. Activator and inhibitory costimulatory molecules regulate T lymphocyte activation at immunity checkpoints such as PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4. Adaptive immune resistance confers tumour resistance to immunosurveillance through these immune checkpoints. PERSPECTIVES Approaches involving the combination of several immunotherapies with each other or with chemotherapy and radiotherapy and antibodies against other molecules of costimulation are under development. The development of biomarkers, which can select a targeted population and predict therapeutic response, represents a major challenge. Tumour high-throughput sequencing could refine "immunoscore". Intratumoral T cell receptor seems to represent a promising biomarker. CONCLUSIONS Numerous challenges still remain in developing research approaches for the development of immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Benzaquen
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, CHU de Nice, FHU OncoAge, 06100 Nice, France
| | - C-H Marquette
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, CHU de Nice, FHU OncoAge, 06100 Nice, France.
| | - N Glaichenhaus
- Université Côte-d'Azur, CNRS, Inserm, institut de pharmacologie moleculaire et cellulaire, FHU-OncoAge, 06560 Valbonne, France
| | - S Leroy
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, CHU de Nice, FHU OncoAge, 06100 Nice, France
| | - P Hofman
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathology and Hospital-related Biobank (BB-0033-00025), IRCAN, FHU OncoAge, 06100 Nice, France
| | - M Ilié
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathology and Hospital-related Biobank (BB-0033-00025), IRCAN, FHU OncoAge, 06100 Nice, France
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Barjon C, Michaud HA, Fages A, Dejou C, Zampieri A, They L, Gennetier A, Sanchez F, Gros L, Eliaou JF, Bonnefoy N, Lafont V. IL-21 promotes the development of a CD73-positive Vγ9Vδ2 T cell regulatory population. Oncoimmunology 2017; 7:e1379642. [PMID: 29296543 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2017.1379642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Revised: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/10/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Vγ9Vδ2 T cells contribute to the immune response against many tumor types through their direct cytotoxic activity and capacity to regulate the biological functions of other immune cells, such as dendritic cells and IFN-γ-producing CD8+ T cells. However, their presence in the tumor microenvironment has also been associated with poor prognosis in breast, colon and pancreatic cancers. Additionally, recent studies demonstrated that cytokines can confer some plasticity to Vγ9Vδ2 T cells and promote their differentiation into cells with regulatory functions. Here, we demonstrated that activation of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells isolated from healthy donors and cultured in the presence of IL-21 favors the emergence of a subpopulation of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells that express the ectonucleotidase CD73 and inhibits T cell proliferation in a CD73/adenosine-dependent manner. This subpopulation produces IL-10 and IL-8 and displays lower effector functions and cytotoxic activity than CD73-negative Vγ9Vδ2 T cells. We also showed, in a syngeneic mouse tumor model, the existence of a tumor-infiltrating γδ T cell subpopulation that produces IL-10 and strongly expresses CD73. Moreover, maturation, IL-12 production and induction of antigen-specific T cell proliferation are impaired in DC co-cultured with IL-21-amplified Vγ9Vδ2 T cells. Altogether, these data indicate that IL-21 promotes Vγ9Vδ2 T cell regulatory functions by favoring the development of an immunosuppressive CD73+ subpopulation. Thus, when present in the tumor microenvironment, IL-21 might negatively impact γδ T cell anti-tumor functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clément Barjon
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM); INSERM, U1194; Université Montpellier; Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), Montpellier, France
| | - Henri-Alexandre Michaud
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM); INSERM, U1194; Université Montpellier; Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), Montpellier, France
| | - Angeline Fages
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM); INSERM, U1194; Université Montpellier; Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), Montpellier, France
| | | | - Alexandre Zampieri
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM); INSERM, U1194; Université Montpellier; Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), Montpellier, France
| | - Laetitia They
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM); INSERM, U1194; Université Montpellier; Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), Montpellier, France
| | - Aurélie Gennetier
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM); INSERM, U1194; Université Montpellier; Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), Montpellier, France
| | - Françoise Sanchez
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM); INSERM, U1194; Université Montpellier; Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), Montpellier, France
| | - Laurent Gros
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM); INSERM, U1194; Université Montpellier; Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-François Eliaou
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM); INSERM, U1194; Université Montpellier; Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), Montpellier, France.,OREGA Biotech, Ecully, France.,Département d'Immunologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier et Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montpellier, Hôpital Saint-Eloi, Montpellier cedex 5, France
| | - Nathalie Bonnefoy
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM); INSERM, U1194; Université Montpellier; Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), Montpellier, France
| | - Virginie Lafont
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM); INSERM, U1194; Université Montpellier; Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), Montpellier, France.,Département d'Immunologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier et Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montpellier, Hôpital Saint-Eloi, Montpellier cedex 5, France
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Lafont V, Sanchez F, Laprevotte E, Michaud HA, Gros L, Eliaou JF, Bonnefoy N. Plasticity of γδ T Cells: Impact on the Anti-Tumor Response. Front Immunol 2014; 5:622. [PMID: 25538706 PMCID: PMC4259167 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumor immune microenvironment contributes to tumor initiation, progression, and response to therapy. Among the immune cell subsets that play a role in the tumor microenvironment, innate-like T cells that express T cell receptors composed of γ and δ chains (γδ T cells) are of particular interest. γδ T cells can contribute to the immune response against many tumor types (lymphoma, myeloma, melanoma, breast, colon, lung, ovary, and prostate cancer) directly through their cytotoxic activity and indirectly by stimulating or regulating the biological functions of other cell types required for the initiation and establishment of the anti-tumor immune response, such as dendritic cells and cytotoxic CD8+ T cells. However, the notion that tumor-infiltrating γδ T cells are a good prognostic marker in cancer was recently challenged by studies showing that the presence of these cells in the tumor microenvironment was associated with poor prognosis in both breast and colon cancer. These findings suggest that γδ T cells may also display pro-tumor activities. Indeed, breast tumor-infiltrating γδ T cells could exert an immunosuppressive activity by negatively regulating dendritic cell maturation. Furthermore, recent studies demonstrated that signals from the microenvironment, particularly cytokines, can confer some plasticity to γδ T cells and promote their differentiation into γδ T cells with regulatory functions. This review focuses on the current knowledge on the functional plasticity of γδ T cells and its effect on their anti-tumor activities. It also discusses the putative mechanisms underlying γδ T cell expansion, differentiation, and recruitment in the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginie Lafont
- U896, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM , Montpellier , France ; Centre Régional de Lutte Contre le Cancer CRLC Val d'Aurelle - Paul Lamarque, Université Montpellier 1 , Montpellier , France
| | - Françoise Sanchez
- U896, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM , Montpellier , France ; Centre Régional de Lutte Contre le Cancer CRLC Val d'Aurelle - Paul Lamarque, Université Montpellier 1 , Montpellier , France
| | - Emilie Laprevotte
- U896, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM , Montpellier , France ; Centre Régional de Lutte Contre le Cancer CRLC Val d'Aurelle - Paul Lamarque, Université Montpellier 1 , Montpellier , France
| | - Henri-Alexandre Michaud
- U896, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM , Montpellier , France ; Centre Régional de Lutte Contre le Cancer CRLC Val d'Aurelle - Paul Lamarque, Université Montpellier 1 , Montpellier , France
| | - Laurent Gros
- U896, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM , Montpellier , France ; Centre Régional de Lutte Contre le Cancer CRLC Val d'Aurelle - Paul Lamarque, Université Montpellier 1 , Montpellier , France
| | - Jean-François Eliaou
- U896, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM , Montpellier , France ; Centre Régional de Lutte Contre le Cancer CRLC Val d'Aurelle - Paul Lamarque, Université Montpellier 1 , Montpellier , France ; Département d'Immunologie, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Montpellier et Faculté de Médecine, Université Montpellier 1 , Montpellier , France
| | - Nathalie Bonnefoy
- U896, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM , Montpellier , France ; Centre Régional de Lutte Contre le Cancer CRLC Val d'Aurelle - Paul Lamarque, Université Montpellier 1 , Montpellier , France
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Catros V, Dessarthe B, Thedrez A, Toutirais O. [Nectins and nectin-like receptors DNAM-1 and CRTAM: new ways for tumor escape]. Med Sci (Paris) 2014; 30:537-43. [PMID: 24939541 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/20143005017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Nectin and nectin-like (Necl) are cell adhesion molecules expressed in various tumors. They were alternatively reported as involved in tumor suppressor or oncogenic functions that led to their use as histological or serological cancer markers. Gene inactivation in lung carcinoma but overexpression in leukemia were reported for Necl-2. DNAM-1 and CRTAM are emerging NK receptors of immune cells that were described to interact with nectin and Necl. DNAM-1, constitutively expressed by CD8(+) T cells, NK or γδ T lymphocytes, is a ligand of Necl-5. It participates to tumor immunosurveillance promoting Necl-5 expressing tumor cell lysis. CRTAM, only expressed after lymphocyte activation, is a ligand of Necl-2. Engagement of CRTAM with Necl-2 has opposite effects depending on the type of lymphocyte. For NK or CD8(+) T cells, it promotes cytotoxicity and IFNγ secretion favoring immunosurveillance. By contrast, CRTAM/Necl-2 interaction triggers cell death of activated TVg9Vd2 γδ T cells favoring immune escape. Nectin and Necl-mediated interactions appear to be crucial for the delicate balance between tumor escape and antitumor response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Véronique Catros
- Inserm UMR U991, Foie, Métabolismes et Cancer, 35033 Rennes, France - Site biologie cellulaire du CRB (centre de ressources biologiques) santé de Rennes, centre hospitalier universitaire de Rennes, 35033 Rennes, France
| | - Benoit Dessarthe
- Inserm UMR U991, Foie, Métabolismes et Cancer, 35033 Rennes, France
| | - Aurélie Thedrez
- Inserm UMR U991, Foie, Métabolismes et Cancer, 35033 Rennes, France
| | - Olivier Toutirais
- Inserm U919, GIP (groupe d'intérêt public) Cyceron, université de Caen Basse-Normandie, 14074 Caen, France
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Driss V, Legrand F, Loiseau S, Capron M. [Eosinophil: a new effector of innate immunity?]. Med Sci (Paris) 2010; 26:621-6. [PMID: 20619165 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/2010266-7621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The eosinophil leukocyte has long been considered as a second class cell. It appears now that its functions extend far beyond solely the release of cytotoxic mediators involved in a protective role in some parasitic infections or in pathological manifestations during allergic diseases. The recent demonstration that eosinophils express innate immune receptors (TLR, gdTCR) and mediators (a-defensins), in addition to the numerous receptors involved in adaptive immunity, confers to eosinophils the potential to directly recognize danger signals including pathogens. Thus, both such a functional plasticity together with its strategic tissue localization indicate that eosinophils likely play a previously unsuspected role in anti-infectious response.
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