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Li Y, Chen Y, Liao Z, Liu Y, Liu C, Yang W, Bai J, Huang X, Hao Y, Liu S, Liu Y. WenTongGanPi decoction alleviates diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome by improving intestinal barrier. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 334:118544. [PMID: 39013542 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE WenTongGanPi Decoction (WTGPD) is a representative medical practice of the Fuyang School of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), which originated from the classical Lu's Guizhi method. WTGPD places emphasis on the balance and functionality of yang qi, and is effective in treating TCM symptoms related to liver qi stagnation and spleen yang deficiency. In TCM, diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) is often diagnosed as liver depression and spleen deficiency, and the use of WTGPD has shown significant therapeutic effect. However, the underlying mechanism of WTGPD treating IBS-D remains unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY To explore the effect and mechanism of WTGPD in the treatment of IBS-D. MATERIALS AND METHODS An IBS-D model with liver depression and spleen deficiency was constructed by chronic immobilization stress stimulation and sennae folium aqueous gavage. The impact of WTGPD on IBS-D rats was evaluated through measurements of body weight, fecal water content, and abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR). Intestinal permeability was assessed using hematoxylin-eosin (HE), alcian blue-periodic acid schiff (AB-PAS), immunofluorescence (IF) staining, and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The components of WTGPD were analyzed using UPLC-Q-TOF-MS. The underlying mechanisms were investigated through network pharmacology, transcriptomics sequencing, western blot (WB), molecular docking, and 16S rRNA sequencing. RESULTS WTGPD treatment effectively alleviated diarrhea and abnormal pain in IBS-D rats (P < 0.05). It enhanced the intestinal barrier function by improving colonic structure and increasing the expression of tight junction proteins (P < 0.05). A total of 155 components were identified in WTGPD. Both network pharmacology and transcriptomics sequencing analysis highlighted MAPK as the key signaling pathway in WTGPD's anti-IBS-D effect. The WB results showed a significant decrease in p-p38, p-ERK and p-JNK expression after WTGPD treatment (P < 0.0001). Guanosine, adenosine and hesperetin in WTGPD may be involved in regulating the phosphorylation of p38, ERK and JNK. Additionally, WTGPD significantly enhanced microbial diversity and increased the production of colonic valeric acid in IBS-D rats (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION In conclusion, our findings suggest that WTGPD can effectively alleviate IBS-D and improve intestinal barrier likely via inhibiting MAPK signal pathway and improving micobial dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoguang Li
- College of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611103, China
| | - Yangyang Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611103, China
| | - Zhengyue Liao
- College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611103, China
| | - Yixin Liu
- College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611103, China
| | - Chenhao Liu
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611103, China
| | - Wenjing Yang
- College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611103, China
| | - Jing Bai
- College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611103, China
| | - Xinggui Huang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611103, China
| | - Yule Hao
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611103, China
| | - Sijing Liu
- College of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611103, China; College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611103, China.
| | - Yi Liu
- College of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611103, China.
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Zhang S, Tian D, Xia Z, Yang F, Chen Y, Yao Z, He Y, Miao X, Zhou G, Yao X, Tang J. Chang-Kang-Fang alleviates diarrhea predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) through inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 330:118236. [PMID: 38670405 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Chang-Kang-Fang (CKF), originated from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formulas, has been utilized to treat diarrhea predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) based on clinical experience. However, the underlying mechanism of CKF for treating IBS-D remains unclear and need further clarification. AIM OF THE STUDY The objective of this present investigation was to validate the efficacy of CKF on IBS-D model rats and to uncover its potential mechanism for the treatment of IBS-D. MATERIALS AND METHODS We first established the IBS-D rat model through neonatal maternal separation (NMS) in combination with restraint stress (RS) and the administration of senna decoction via gavage. To confirm the therapeutic effect of CKF on treating IBS-D, abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR) scores, the quantity of fecal pellets, and the fecal water content (FWC) were measured to evaluate the influence of CKF on visceral hypersensitivity and the severity of diarrhea symptom after the intragastric administration of CKF for 14 days. Subsequently, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was applied to assess the effect of CKF on neuropeptides substance P (SP) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), as well as inflammatory cytokines in serum and in intestinal tissues. Further, colonic pathological changes, the amount of colonic mast cells, and the expression level of occludin in rat colon tissues, were investigated by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, toluidine blue staining, and immunohistochemistry, respectively. To explore the underlying mechanisms, alterations in colonic RNA transcriptomics for the normal, model, and CKF treatment groups were assessed using RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq). Subsequently, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), Western blot (WB), and immunofluorescence (IF) assays were applied to validate the effect of CKF on predicted pathways in vivo and in vitro. In addition, to elucidate the potential active compounds in CKF, 11 representative components found in CKF were selected, and their anti-inflammation potentials were evaluated using LPS-treated RAW264.7 cell models. RESULTS CKF treatment significantly reduced the number of fecal pellets, attenuated visceral hypersensitivity, and decreased 5-HT and SP concentrations in serum and colon tissues, along with a reduction in colonic mast cell counts, correlating with improved symptoms in IBS-D rats. Meanwhile, CKF treatment reduced the colonic inflammatory cell infiltration, lowered the levels of IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β in serum and colon tissues, and increased the occludin protein expression in colon tissues to improve inflammatory response and colonic barrier function. RNA-Seq, in conjugation with our previous network pharmacology analysis, indicated that CKF might mitigate the symptoms of IBS-D rats by inhibiting the Toll like receptor 4/Nuclear factor kappa-B/NLR family pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3) pathway, which was confirmed by WB, IF, and qRT-PCR experiments in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, coptisine, berberine, hyperoside, epicatechin, and gallic acid present in CKF emerged as potential active components for treating IBS-D, as they demonstrated in vitro anti-inflammatory effects. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate that CKF effectively improves the symptoms of IBS-D rats, potentially through the inhibition of the TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway. Moreover, this study unveils the potential bioactive components in CKF that could be applied in the treatment of IBS-D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihao Zhang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy/State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment/International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Danmei Tian
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy/State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment/International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Zixuan Xia
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy/State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment/International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Fengge Yang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy/State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment/International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yanhui Chen
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy/State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment/International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Zhihong Yao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy/State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment/International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yi He
- National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, Tianjin, 300410, China; Tasly Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, 300410, China
| | - Xinglong Miao
- National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, Tianjin, 300410, China; Tasly Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, 300410, China
| | - Guirong Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, Tianjin, 300410, China; Tasly Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, 300410, China.
| | - Xinsheng Yao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy/State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment/International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Jinshan Tang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy/State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment/International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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3
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Chen M, Wei W, Li Y, Ge S, Shen J, Guo J, Zhang Y, Huang X, Sun X, Cheng D, Zheng H, Chang F, Chen J, Liu J, Zhang Q, Zhou T, Yu K, Tang P. Cholestyramine alleviates bone and muscle loss in irritable bowel syndrome via regulating bile acid metabolism. Cell Prolif 2024; 57:e13638. [PMID: 38523511 PMCID: PMC11294414 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a widespread gastrointestinal disorder known for its multifaceted pathogenesis and varied extraintestinal manifestations, yet its implications for bone and muscle health are underexplored. Recent studies suggest a link between IBS and musculoskeletal disorders, but a comprehensive understanding remains elusive, especially concerning the role of bile acids (BAs) in this context. This study aimed to elucidate the potential contribution of IBS to bone and muscle deterioration via alterations in gut microbiota and BA profiles, hypothesizing that cholestyramine could counteract these adverse effects. We employed a mouse model to characterize IBS and analysed its impact on bone and muscle health. Our results revealed that IBS promotes bone and muscle loss, accompanied by microbial dysbiosis and elevated BAs. Administering cholestyramine significantly mitigated these effects, highlighting its therapeutic potential. This research not only confirms the critical role of BAs and gut microbiota in IBS-associated bone and muscle loss but also demonstrates the efficacy of cholestyramine in ameliorating these conditions, thereby contributing significantly to the field's understanding and offering a promising avenue for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Chen
- Senior Department of OrthopedicsThe Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
- National Clinical Research Center for OrthopedicsSports Medicine & RehabilitationBeijingChina
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Yi Li
- Senior Department of OrthopedicsThe Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
- National Clinical Research Center for OrthopedicsSports Medicine & RehabilitationBeijingChina
| | - Siliang Ge
- Senior Department of OrthopedicsThe Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
- National Clinical Research Center for OrthopedicsSports Medicine & RehabilitationBeijingChina
| | - Junmin Shen
- Senior Department of OrthopedicsThe Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
- National Clinical Research Center for OrthopedicsSports Medicine & RehabilitationBeijingChina
| | - Jiayu Guo
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Xiang Huang
- Senior Department of OrthopedicsThe Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
- National Clinical Research Center for OrthopedicsSports Medicine & RehabilitationBeijingChina
| | - Xinyu Sun
- Senior Department of OrthopedicsThe Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
- National Clinical Research Center for OrthopedicsSports Medicine & RehabilitationBeijingChina
| | - Dongliang Cheng
- Senior Department of OrthopedicsThe Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
- National Clinical Research Center for OrthopedicsSports Medicine & RehabilitationBeijingChina
| | - Huayong Zheng
- Senior Department of OrthopedicsThe Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
- National Clinical Research Center for OrthopedicsSports Medicine & RehabilitationBeijingChina
| | - Feifan Chang
- Senior Department of OrthopedicsThe Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
- National Clinical Research Center for OrthopedicsSports Medicine & RehabilitationBeijingChina
| | - Junyu Chen
- Senior Department of OrthopedicsThe Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
- National Clinical Research Center for OrthopedicsSports Medicine & RehabilitationBeijingChina
| | - Jiang Liu
- Department of Orthopedic SurgerySecond Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbinChina
| | - Qinxiang Zhang
- Senior Department of OrthopedicsThe Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
- National Clinical Research Center for OrthopedicsSports Medicine & RehabilitationBeijingChina
| | - Tianjunke Zhou
- Senior Department of OrthopedicsThe Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
- National Clinical Research Center for OrthopedicsSports Medicine & RehabilitationBeijingChina
| | - Kang Yu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Peifu Tang
- Senior Department of OrthopedicsThe Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
- National Clinical Research Center for OrthopedicsSports Medicine & RehabilitationBeijingChina
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Ke W, Wu J, Li H, Huang S, Li H, Wang Y, Wu Y, Yuan J, Zhang S, Tang H, Lei K. Network pharmacology and experimental validation to explore the mechanism of Changji'an formula against irritable bowel syndrome with predominant diarrhea. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33102. [PMID: 39005919 PMCID: PMC11239594 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Changji'an Formula (CJAF) is a Chinese herbal compound, which is effective against irritable bowel syndrome with predominant diarrhea (IBS-D) in clinic. However, the molecular mechanism has not been well defined. In the current study, the potential targets and signaling pathways of CJAF against IBS-D were predicted using network pharmacology analysis. The pharmacological mechanisms of CJAF against IBS-D and the potential mechanism were validated by using an IBS-D mouse model induced by enema with trinitrobenzene-sulfonic acid (TNBS) plus with restraint stress and further intervened with CJAF. A total of 232 active compounds of CJAF were obtained, a total of 397 potential targets for the active ingredients were retrieved and a total of 219 common targets were obtained as the potential targets of CJAF against IBS-D. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses showed that multiple targets were enriched and could be experimentally validated in a mouse model of IBS-D. The mechanisms were mainly converged on the immune and inflammatory pathways, especially the NF-κB, TNF and IL-17 signaling pathway, which were closely involved in the treatment of CJAF against IBS-D. Animal experiment showed that CJAF alleviated visceral hypersensitivity and diarrhea symptom of IBS-D. CJAF also restored the histological and ultrastructure damage of IBS-D. The result of Western blot showed that CJAF upregulated colonic tight junction proteins of ZO-1, Occludin and Claudin-1. Further results demonstrated that CJAF inhibited the protein expression of NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammasome pathway targets and downregulated proinflammatory mediators of IL-1β, IL-18, TNF-α. In conclusion, CJAF could effectively reduce inflammatory response and alleviate visceral hypersensitivity as well as diarrhea symptom of IBS-D by inhibiting the NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway. This study not only reveals the mechanism of CJAF against IBS-D, but also provides a novel therapeutic strategy for IBS-D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ke
- Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan, 528000, Guangdong, China
- The Eighth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan, 528000, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinjun Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongbin Li
- The First Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, Guangdong, China
| | - Siyu Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Huibiao Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, Guangdong, China
| | - Yongfu Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Yingxiu Wu
- Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan, 528000, Guangdong, China
| | - Jie Yuan
- Foshan Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan, 528000, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuncong Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongmei Tang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, Guangdong, China
| | - Kaijun Lei
- Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan, 528000, Guangdong, China
- The Eighth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan, 528000, Guangdong, China
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Ouyang L, Liu T, He Y, He Y, Xu W, Deng G, Deng G, Xiao X. A multi-omics study reveals the therapeutic effect of Linderae Radix water extract on irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D). JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 328:118050. [PMID: 38518966 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Linderae Radix (Lindera aggregata (Sims) Kosterm) is a traditional Chinese medicine known for its capability to regulate qi and relieve pain, particularly in the context of gastrointestinal disorders. AIM OF THE STUDY While our previous research has demonstrated the efficacy of the Linderae Radix water extract (LRWE) in the treatment of diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D), the precise mechanisms remain elusive. This study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the therapeutic effects of LRWE on IBS-D through multi-omics techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS 16 S rRNA gene sequencing combined with LC-MS metabolomics was employed to investigate the effect of LRWE on the gut microbiota and metabolites of IBS-D rats. Spearman correlation analysis was performed on the gut microbiota and metabolites. RESULTS LRWE administration significantly ameliorated IBS-D rats' symptoms, including diarrhea, visceral hypersensitivity, and low-grade intestinal inflammation. Gut microbiota analysis revealed that LRWE influenced the diversity of the gut microbiota in IBS-D rats by significantly reducing the relative abundance of Patescibacteria and Candidatus Saccharimonas, while increasing the relative abundance of Jeotgalicoccus. Serum metabolomic analysis identified 16 differential metabolites, associated with LRWE's positive effects on IBS-D symptoms, focusing on glyoxylate and dicarboxylic acid metabolism, and cysteine and methionine metabolism. Spearman analysis demonstrated a strong correlation between cecal microbiota composition and serum metabolite levels. CONCLUSIONS This study elucidates that LRWE plays a crucial role in the comprehensive therapeutic approach to IBS-D by restoring the relative abundance of gut microbiota and addressing the disturbed metabolism of endogenous biomarkers. The identified bacteria and metabolites present potential therapeutic targets for IBS-D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linqi Ouyang
- First Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 95 Shaoshan Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410007, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 300 Xueshi Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, PR China.
| | - Tao Liu
- First Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 95 Shaoshan Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410007, PR China.
| | - Yang He
- First Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 95 Shaoshan Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410007, PR China.
| | - Yiran He
- First Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 95 Shaoshan Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410007, PR China.
| | - Wenfeng Xu
- First Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 95 Shaoshan Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410007, PR China.
| | - Guoyan Deng
- First Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 95 Shaoshan Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410007, PR China.
| | - Guiming Deng
- First Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 95 Shaoshan Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410007, PR China.
| | - Xiaohe Xiao
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 300 Xueshi Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, PR China; Senior Department of Hepatology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100 Sihuan Road, Beijing, 100039, PR China; China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100 Sihuan Road, Beijing, 100039, PR China.
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Lv T, Li G, Zhao C, Ma J, Zhang F, Zhao M, Liu H, Wu H, Li K, Weng Z. P2X7 and P2Y 1 receptors in DRG mediate electroacupuncture to inhibit peripheral sensitization in rats with IBS visceral pain. Purinergic Signal 2024:10.1007/s11302-024-10028-9. [PMID: 38922475 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-024-10028-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Although multiple purinergic receptors mediate the analgesic effects of acupuncture, it remains unclear whether there is mutual interaction between purinergic receptors to jointly mediate the electroacupuncture inhibition of peripheral sensitization in visceral pain. Visceral hypersensitivity was induced by intracolonic 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) in rat. The antinociception effect of electroacupuncture on visceral pain was evaluated by morphology, behaviors, neuroelectrophysiology and molecular biology techniques. After labeling the colon-related primary sensory neurons with neural retrograde tracer and employing neuropharmacology, neuroelectrophysiology, and molecular biotechnology, the mechanisms of P2X7R, P2Y1R, and P2X3R in colon-related dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons alleviating visceral hypersensitivity of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) by electroacupuncture at Zusanli and Sanyinjiao acupoints.were elucidated from the perspective of peripheral sensitization. Electroacupuncture significantly inhibited TNBS-induced colonic hypersensitivity in rats with IBS, and Satellite Glial Cells (SGCs) in DRG were found to be involved in electroacupuncture-mediated regulation of the electrophysiological properties of neurons. P2X7R was found to play a pain-inducing role in IBS visceral hypersensitivity by affecting P2X3R, and electroacupuncture exerted an analgesic effect by inhibiting P2X7R activation. P2Y1R was found to play an analgesic role in the process of visceral pain, mediating electroacupuncture to relieve visceral hypersensitivity. P2Y1R relieved visceral pain by inhibiting P2X3R in neurons associated with nociception, with P2X7R identified as upstream of P2Y1R up-regulation by electroacupuncture. Our study suggests that the P2X7R → P2Y1R → P2X3R inhibitory pathway in DRG mediates the inhibition of peripheral sensitization by electroacupuncture in rats with IBS visceral hypersensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Lv
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China
- Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Guona Li
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Chen Zhao
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jindan Ma
- Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Fang Zhang
- Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Min Zhao
- Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Huirong Liu
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China
- Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Huangan Wu
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China
- Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Kunshan Li
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China.
- Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai, 200030, China.
| | - Zhijun Weng
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China.
- Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai, 200030, China.
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7
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Nozu T, Arie H, Miyagishi S, Ishioh M, Takakusaki K, Okumura T. Tranilast alleviates visceral hypersensitivity and colonic hyperpermeability by suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome activation in irritable bowel syndrome rat models. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 133:112099. [PMID: 38643709 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Visceral hypersensitivity resulting from compromised gut barrier with activated immune system is a key feature of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) activate proinflammatory cytokine signaling to induce these changes, which is one of the mechanisms of IBS. As activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or TLR4 leads to release interleukin (IL)-1β, the NLRP3 inflammasome may be involved in the pathophysiology of IBS. Tranilast, an anti-allergic drug has been demonstrated to inhibit the NLRP3 inflammasome, and we evaluated the impact of tranilast on visceral hypersensitivity and colonic hyperpermeability induced by LPS or CRF (IBS rat model). Visceral pain threshold caused by colonic balloon distention was measured by monitoring abdominal muscle contractions electrophysiologically. Colonic permeability was determined by quantifying the absorbed Evans blue within the colonic tissue. Colonic protein levels of NLRP3 and IL-1β were assessed by immunoblot or ELISA. Intragastric administration of tranilast (20-200 mg/kg) for 3 days inhibited LPS (1 mg/kg)-induced visceral hypersensitivity and colonic hyperpermeability in a dose-dependent manner. Simultaneously, tranilast also abolished these alterations induced by CRF (50 µg/kg). LPS increased colonic protein levels of NLRP3 and IL-1β, and tranilast inhibited these changes. β-hydroxy butyrate, an NLRP3 inhibitor, also abolished visceral hypersensitivity and colonic hyperpermeability caused by LPS. In contrast, IL-1β induced similar GI alterations to LPS, which were not modified by tranilast. In conclusion, tranilast improved visceral pain and colonic barrier by suppression of the NLRP3 inflammasome in IBS rat models. Tranilast may be useful for IBS treating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsukasa Nozu
- Department of Regional Medicine and Education, Asahikawa Medical University, 2-1-1-1 Midorigaoka-Higashi, Asahikawa, Hokkaido 078-8510, Japan; Center for Medical Education, Asahikawa Medical University, 2-1-1-1 Midorigaoka-Higashi, Asahikawa, Hokkaido 078-8510, Japan; Department of General Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, 2-1-1-1 Midorigaoka-Higashi, Asahikawa, Hokkaido 078-8510, Japan.
| | - Hideyuki Arie
- Department of Regional Medicine and Education, Asahikawa Medical University, 2-1-1-1 Midorigaoka-Higashi, Asahikawa, Hokkaido 078-8510, Japan
| | - Saori Miyagishi
- Department of General Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, 2-1-1-1 Midorigaoka-Higashi, Asahikawa, Hokkaido 078-8510, Japan
| | - Masatomo Ishioh
- Department of General Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, 2-1-1-1 Midorigaoka-Higashi, Asahikawa, Hokkaido 078-8510, Japan
| | - Kaoru Takakusaki
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Physiology, Asahikawa Medical University, 2-1-1-1 Midorigaoka-Higashi, Asahikawa, Hokkaido 078-8510, Japan
| | - Toshikatsu Okumura
- Department of General Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, 2-1-1-1 Midorigaoka-Higashi, Asahikawa, Hokkaido 078-8510, Japan; Division of Gastroenterology and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, 2-1-1-1 Midorigaoka-Higashi, Asahikawa, Hokkaido 078-8510, Japan
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Zhang D, Dong X, Li X, Yang Y, Li H, Hong Y, Yang G, Kong X, Wang X, Ma X. Moxibustion ameliorates chronic inflammatory visceral pain via spinal circRNA-miRNA-mRNA networks: a central mechanism study. Mol Brain 2024; 17:23. [PMID: 38750560 PMCID: PMC11097453 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-024-01093-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to unveil the central mechanism of moxibustion treating chronic inflammatory visceral pain (CIVP) from the angle of circRNA-miRNA-mRNA networks in the spinal cord. The rat CIVP model was established using a mixture of 5% (w/v) 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid and 50% ethanol at a volume ratio of 2:1 via enema. Rats in the moxibustion group received herb-partitioned moxibustion at Tianshu (ST25, bilateral) and Qihai (CV6) points. The abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR), mechanical withdrawal threshold (MWT), and thermal withdrawal latency (TWL) were adopted for pain behavior observation and pain sensitivity assessment. The circRNA, miRNA, and mRNA expression profiles were detected using the high-throughput sequencing technique. Relevant databases and bioinformatics analysis methods were used to screen for differentially expressed (DE) RNAs and build a circRNA-miRNA-mRNA (competing endogenous RNA) ceRNA regulatory network. The real-time quantitative PCR was employed to verify the sequencing result. CIVP rat models had a significantly higher AWR and lower TWL and MWT than normal rats. Between normal and model rats, there were 103 DE-circRNAs, 16 DE-miRNAs, and 397 DE-mRNAs in the spinal cord. Compared with the model group, the moxibustion group had a lower AWR and higher TWL and MWT; between these two groups, there were 118 DE-circRNAs, 15 DE-miRNAs, and 804 DE-mRNAs in the spinal cord. Two ceRNA networks were chosen to be verified. As a result, moxibustion's analgesic effect on visceral pain in CIVP rats may be associated with regulating the circRNA_02767/rno-miR-483-3p/Gfap network in the spinal cord and improving central sensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zhang
- Laboratory of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Immunology, Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Xiaoqing Dong
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Xi'an Hospital of Encephalopathy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Xiaoying Li
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, China
| | - Yanting Yang
- Laboratory of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Immunology, Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Hongna Li
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Yue Hong
- Laboratory of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Immunology, Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Laboratory of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Immunology, Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Xiehe Kong
- Laboratory of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Immunology, Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Xuejun Wang
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China.
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| | - Xiaopeng Ma
- Laboratory of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Immunology, Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China.
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China.
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King AJ, Chang L, Li Q, Liu L, Zhu Y, Pasricha PJ, Wang J, Siegel M, Caldwell JS, Edelstein S, Rosenbaum DP, Kozuka K. NHE3 inhibitor tenapanor maintains intestinal barrier function, decreases visceral hypersensitivity, and attenuates TRPV1 signaling in colonic sensory neurons. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2024; 326:G543-G554. [PMID: 38252683 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00233.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is multifactorial, characterized in part by increased intestinal permeability, and visceral hypersensitivity. Increased permeability is associated with IBS severity and abdominal pain. Tenapanor is FDA-approved for the treatment of IBS with constipation (IBS-C) and has demonstrated improvements in bowel motility and a reduction in IBS-related pain; however, the mechanism by which tenapanor mediates these functions remains unclear. Here, the effects of tenapanor on colonic pain signaling and intestinal permeability were assessed through behavioral, electrophysiological, and cell culture experiments. Intestinal motility studies in rats and humans demonstrated that tenapanor increased luminal sodium and water retention and gastrointestinal transit versus placebo. A significantly reduced visceral motor reflex (VMR) to colonic distension was observed with tenapanor treatment versus vehicle in two rat models of visceral hypersensitivity (neonatal acetic acid sensitization and partial restraint stress; both P < 0.05), returning VMR responses to that of nonsensitized controls. Whole cell voltage patch-clamp recordings of retrogradely labeled colonic dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons from sensitized rats found that tenapanor significantly reduced DRG neuron hyperexcitability to capsaicin versus vehicle (P < 0.05), an effect not mediated by epithelial cell secretions. Tenapanor also attenuated increases in intestinal permeability in human colon monolayer cultures caused by incubation with proinflammatory cytokines (P < 0.001) or fecal supernatants from patients with IBS-C (P < 0.005). These results support a model in which tenapanor reduces IBS-related pain by strengthening the intestinal barrier, thereby decreasing permeability to macromolecules and antigens and reducing DRG-mediated pain signaling.NEW & NOTEWORTHY A series of nonclinical experiments support the theory that tenapanor inhibits IBS-C-related pain by strengthening the intestinal barrier. Tenapanor treatment reduced visceral motor responses to nonsensitized levels in two rat models of hypersensitivity and reduced responses to capsaicin in sensitized colonic nociceptive dorsal root ganglia neurons. Intestinal permeability experiments in human colon monolayer cultures found that tenapanor attenuates increases in permeability induced by either inflammatory cytokines or fecal supernatants from patients with IBS-C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J King
- Ardelyx, Inc., Waltham, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Lin Chang
- Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Qian Li
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Liansheng Liu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Yaohui Zhu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Pankaj J Pasricha
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Ji Wang
- Ardelyx, Inc., Waltham, Massachusetts, United States
| | | | | | | | | | - Kenji Kozuka
- Ardelyx, Inc., Waltham, Massachusetts, United States
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10
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Guo Y, Gharibani P. Analgesic Effects of Vagus Nerve Stimulation on Visceral Hypersensitivity: A Direct Comparison Between Invasive and Noninvasive Methods in Rats. Neuromodulation 2024; 27:284-294. [PMID: 37191611 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurom.2023.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aims of this study were to investigate analgesic effects of vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) on visceral hypersensitivity (VH) in a rodent model of functional dyspepsia (FD) and to compare invasive VNS with noninvasive auricular VNS (aVNS). MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighteen ten-day-old male rats were gavaged with 0.1% iodoacetamide (IA) or 2% sucrose solution for six days. After eight weeks, IA-treated rats were implanted with electrodes for VNS or aVNS (n = 6 per group). Different parameters, varying in frequency and stimulation duty cycle, were tested to find the best parameter based on the improvement of VH assessed by electromyogram (EMG) during gastric distension. RESULTS Compared with sucrose-treated rats, visceral sensitivity was increased significantly in IA-treated "FD" rats and ameliorated remarkably by VNS (at 40, 60, and 80 mm Hg; p ≤ 0.02, respectively) and aVNS (at 60 and 80 mm Hg; p ≤ 0.05, respectively) with the parameter of 100 Hz and 20% duty cycle. There was no significant difference in area under the curve of EMG responses between VNS and aVNS (at 60 and 80 mm Hg, both p > 0.05). Spectral analysis of heart rate variability revealed a significant enhancement in vagal efferent activity while applying VNS/aVNS compared with sham stimulation (p < 0.01). In the presence of atropine, no significant differences were noted in EMG after VNS/aVNS. Naloxone blocked the analgesic effects of VNS/aVNS. CONCLUSIONS VNS/aVNS with optimized parameter elicits ameliorative effects on VH, mediated by autonomic and opioid mechanisms. aVNS is as effective as direct VNS and has great potential for treating visceral pain in patients with FD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Guo
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Payam Gharibani
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Neurology, Division of Neuroimmunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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11
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Zhou JZ, Chen H, Xu WL, Fu Z, Zhou S, Zhu WJ, Zhang ZH. Auricular Vagal Nerve Stimulation Inhibited Central Nerve Growth Factor/Tropomyosin Receptor Kinase A/Phospholipase C-Gamma Signaling Pathway in Functional Dyspepsia Model Rats With Gastric Hypersensitivity. Neuromodulation 2024; 27:273-283. [PMID: 36801128 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurom.2023.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Functional dyspepsia (FD), which has a complicated pathophysiologic process, is a common functional gastrointestinal disease. Gastric hypersensitivity is the key pathophysiological factor in patients with FD with chronic visceral pain. Auricular vagal nerve stimulation (AVNS) has the therapeutic effect of reducing gastric hypersensitivity by regulating the activity of the vagus nerve. However, the potential molecular mechanism is still unclear. Therefore, we investigated the effects of AVNS on the brain-gut axis through the central nerve growth factor (NGF)/ tropomyosin receptor kinase A (TrkA)/phospholipase C-gamma (PLC-γ) signaling pathway in FD model rats with gastric hypersensitivity. MATERIALS AND METHODS We established the FD model rats with gastric hypersensitivity by means of colon administration of trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid on ten-day-old rat pups, whereas the control rats were given normal saline. AVNS, sham AVNS, K252a (an inhibitor of TrkA, intraperitoneally), and K252a + AVNS were performed on eight-week-old model rats for five consecutive days. The therapeutic effect of AVNS on gastric hypersensitivity was determined by the measurement of abdominal withdrawal reflex response to gastric distention. NGF in gastric fundus and NGF, TrkA, PLC-γ, and transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) in the nucleus tractus solitaries (NTS) were detected separately by polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, and immunofluorescence tests. RESULTS It was found that a high level of NGF in gastric fundus and an upregulation of the NGF/TrkA/PLC-γ signaling pathway in NTS were manifested in model rats. Meanwhile, both AVNS treatment and the administration of K252a not only decreased NGF messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) and protein expressions in gastric fundus but also reduced the mRNA expressions of NGF, TrkA, PLC-γ, and TRPV1 and inhibited the protein levels and hyperactive phosphorylation of TrkA/PLC-γ in NTS. In addition, the expressions of NGF and TrkA proteins in NTS were decreased significantly after the immunofluorescence assay. The K252a + AVNS treatment exerted a more sensitive effect on regulating the molecular expressions of the signal pathway than did the K252a treatment. CONCLUSION AVNS can regulate the brain-gut axis effectively through the central NGF/TrkA/PLC-γ signaling pathway in the NTS, which suggests a potential molecular mechanism of AVNS in ameliorating visceral hypersensitivity in FD model rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Zhu Zhou
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Huan Chen
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wan-Li Xu
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhe Fu
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuai Zhou
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei-Jian Zhu
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhao-Hui Zhang
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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Orock A, Johnson A, Mohammadi E, Greenwood-Van Meerveld B. Environmental enrichment reverses stress-induced changes in the brain-gut axis to ameliorate chronic visceral and somatic hypersensitivity. Neurobiol Stress 2024; 28:100590. [PMID: 38075024 PMCID: PMC10698671 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2023.100590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Behavioral therapies, including cognitive behavioral therapy, hypnotherapy and stress management activities, have emerged as effective treatments for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), a female predominant disorder of the brain-gut axis. IBS, affecting over 10% of the global population, typically presents with abnormal bowel habits and abdominal pain due to visceral hypersensitivity. While the mechanisms underlying how behavioral therapies treat IBS are still elusive, we had previously shown that chronic stress alters gene expression in brain regions critical for stress processing and nociception. We found that exposure to an enriched environment (EE), the rodent analogue of behavioral therapies, prior to and during the stressor was sufficient to prevent stress-induced changes in glucocorticoid receptor (GR) expression in the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA) and hippocampus. Pre-exposure to EE also inhibited stress-induced increased colonic permeability and was able to block the induction of stress-induced visceral and somatic hypersensitivity. However, it remains unknown if EE can reverse chronic viscerosomatic hypersensitivity that persists following exposure to stress. We hypothesized that EE after chronic stress would be sufficient to reverse stress-induced changes in i) GR expression in the CeA and hippocampus, ii) ameliorate stress-induced colonic hyperpermeability and iii) restore normal visceral and somatic sensitivity in male and female rats. Methods Male and female rats were exposed to daily water avoidance stress (WAS). After confirming the rats had developed visceral hypersensitivity, 50% of the animals were housed in EE for 2 weeks while the other 50% remained in standard housing (SH). At the end of this period, we assessed visceral and somatic sensitivity. We also collected colon tissue to measure colonic permeability. Micro-punches of tissue from the CeA and hippocampus were isolated to measure GR expression. Control animals not exposed to WAS were kept in SH for the duration of the study (n = 8 per group). Results In both male and female rats, EE reversed stress-induced visceral (p < 0.001) and somatic (p < 0.01) hypersensitivity when compared to WAS animals housed in SH to levels comparable to control animals. EE exposure also reversed changes in GR expression in both the hippocampus (p < 0.01) and CeA (p < 0.01), normalizing GR expression to control levels. EE exposure ameliorated stress-induced colonic hyperpermeability in both male (p < 0.01) and female (p < 0.01) rats compared to WAS rats in SH. Conclusion Our findings suggest that behavioral therapies are viable therapeutic options for IBS as they can counter the stress-induced pathophysiology underlying IBS symptoms including visceral hypersensitivity, increased colonic permeability and altered gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Orock
- Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - A.C. Johnson
- Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Department of Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - E. Mohammadi
- Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - B. Greenwood-Van Meerveld
- Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Department of Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
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13
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Liang F, Liu S, Zhang H, Xiang R, Xie M, He X, Wang S, Wu S, Li J. Effects of chronic unpredictable mild stress on gut sensation and function in male mice. Stress 2024; 27:2374768. [PMID: 38975691 DOI: 10.1080/10253890.2024.2374768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Stress has been linked to the development of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and various methods have been explored to model IBS in combination with other stimuli. However, it remains unclear whether stress alone can induce IBS in animals. This study aimed to investigate the impact of chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) on gastrointestinal sensation and function in mice and assess the potential of CUMS as a modeling approach for IBS. To evaluate the mice's behavior, we conducted open field test, sucrose preference test and weighed the mice, revealing that CUMS indeed induced anxiety and depression in the mice and caused weight loss. Further analyses, including fecal analysis, a total gastrointestinal transport test, and a colon propulsion test, demonstrated that CUMS led to abnormal defecation and disruptions in gastrointestinal motility in the mice. Additionally, the abdominal withdrawal reflex test indicated an increase in visceral sensitivity in CUMS-exposed mice. Histological examination using hematoxylin and eosin staining revealed no significant histological alterations in the colons of CUMS-exposed mice, but it did show a minor degree of inflammatory cell infiltration. In summary, the findings suggest that CUMS can replicate IBS-like symptoms in mice, offering a novel top-down approach to modeling IBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyuan Liang
- College of Acupuncture and Orthopedics, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Suzhen Liu
- College of Acupuncture and Orthopedics, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Heng Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan Workers' Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ronglan Xiang
- College of Acupuncture and Orthopedics, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengting Xie
- College of Acupuncture and Orthopedics, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoru He
- College of Acupuncture and Orthopedics, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Sunyi Wang
- College of Acupuncture and Orthopedics, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Song Wu
- College of Acupuncture and Orthopedics, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Preventive Treatment by Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Wuhan, China
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion Department, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Chinese Medicine (Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Wuhan, China
| | - Jia Li
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Xianning Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Department, Xianning, China
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14
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Zhang J, Zhang C, Zhang T, Zhang L, Duan L. Distinct Effects of Non-absorbed Agents Rifaximin and Berberine on the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis in Dysbiosis-induced Visceral Hypersensitivity in Rats. J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2023; 29:520-531. [PMID: 37814439 PMCID: PMC10577460 DOI: 10.5056/jnm22182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is accepted as a disorder of gut-brain interactions. Berberine and rifaximin are non-absorbed antibiotics and have been confirmed effective for IBS treatment, but there is still lack of direct comparison of their effects. This study aims to compare the effect of the 2 drugs on the alteration of gut-brain axis caused by gut microbiota from IBS patients. Methods Germ-free rats received fecal microbiota transplantation from screened IBS patients and healthy controls. After 14 days' colonization, rats were administrated orally with berberine, rifaximin or vehicle respectively for the next 14 days. The visceral sensitivity was evaluated, fecal microbiota profiled and microbial short chain fatty acids were determined. Immunofluorescence staining and morphological analysis were performed to evaluate microglial activation. Results Visceral hypersensitivity induced by IBS-fecal microbiota transplantation was relieved by berberine and rifaximin, and berberine increased sucrose preference rate. Microbial α-diversity were reduced by both drugs. Compared with rifaximin, berberine significantly changed microbial structure and enriched Lachnoclostridium. Furthermore, berberine but not rifaximin significantly increased fecal concentrations of acetate and propionate acids. Berberine restored the morphological alterations of microglia induced by dysbiosis, which may be associated with its effect on the expression of microbial gene pathways involved in peptidoglycan biosynthesis. Rifaximin affected neither the numbers of activated microglial cells nor the microglial morphological alterations. Conclusions Berberine enriched Lachnoclostridium, reduced the expression of peptidoglycan biosynthesis genes and increased acetate and propionate. The absence of these actions of rifaximin may explain the different effects of the drugs on microbiota-gut-brain axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jindong Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Cunzheng Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Liping Duan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
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15
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Lyubashina OA, Sivachenko IB, Sushkevich BM, Busygina II. Opposing effects of 5-HT1A receptor agonist buspirone on supraspinal abdominal pain transmission in normal and visceral hypersensitive rats. J Neurosci Res 2023; 101:1555-1571. [PMID: 37331003 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.25222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
The serotonergic 5-HT1A receptors are implicated in the central mechanisms of visceral pain, but their role in these processes is controversial. Considering existing evidences for organic inflammation-triggered neuroplastic changes in the brain serotonergic circuitry, the ambiguous contribution of 5-HT1A receptors to supraspinal control of visceral pain in normal and post-inflammatory conditions can be assumed. In this study performed on male Wistar rats, we used microelectrode recording of the caudal ventrolateral medulla (CVLM) neuron responses to colorectal distension (CRD) and electromyography recording of CRD-evoked visceromotor reactions (VMRs) to evaluate post-colitis changes in the effects of 5-HT1A agonist buspirone on supraspinal visceral nociceptive transmission. In rats recovered from trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid colitis, the CRD-induced CVLM neuronal excitation and VMRs were increased compared with those in healthy animals, revealing post-inflammatory intestinal hypersensitivity. Intravenous buspirone (2 and 4 mg/kg) under urethane anesthesia dose-dependently suppressed CVLM excitatory neuron responses to noxious CRD in healthy rats, but caused dose-independent increase in the already enhanced nociceptive activation of CVLM neurons in post-colitis animals, losing also its normally occurring faciliatory effect on CRD-evoked inhibitory medullary neurotransmission and suppressive action on hemodynamic reactions to CRD. In line with this, subcutaneous injection of buspirone (2 mg/kg) in conscious rats, which attenuated CRD-induced VMRs in controls, further increased VMRs in hypersensitive animals. The data obtained indicate a shift from anti- to pronociceptive contribution of 5-HT1A-dependent mechanisms to supraspinal transmission of visceral nociception in intestinal hypersensitivity conditions, arguing for the disutility of buspirone and possibly other 5-HT1A agonists for relieving post-inflammatory abdominal pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga A Lyubashina
- Laboratory of Cortico-Visceral Physiology, Pavlov Institute of Physiology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ivan B Sivachenko
- Laboratory of Cortico-Visceral Physiology, Pavlov Institute of Physiology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Boris M Sushkevich
- Laboratory of Cortico-Visceral Physiology, Pavlov Institute of Physiology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Irina I Busygina
- Laboratory of Cortico-Visceral Physiology, Pavlov Institute of Physiology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia
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16
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Duff IT, Krolick KN, Mahmoud HM, Chidambaran V. Current Evidence for Biological Biomarkers and Mechanisms Underlying Acute to Chronic Pain Transition across the Pediatric Age Spectrum. J Clin Med 2023; 12:5176. [PMID: 37629218 PMCID: PMC10455285 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12165176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic pain is highly prevalent in the pediatric population. Many factors are involved in the transition from acute to chronic pain. Currently, there are conceptual models proposed, but they lack a mechanistically sound integrated theory considering the stages of child development. Objective biomarkers are critically needed for the diagnosis, risk stratification, and prognosis of the pathological stages of pain chronification. In this article, we summarize the current evidence on mechanisms and biomarkers of acute to chronic pain transitions in infants and children through the developmental lens. The goal is to identify gaps and outline future directions for basic and clinical research toward a developmentally informed theory of pain chronification in the pediatric population. At the outset, the importance of objective biomarkers for chronification of pain in children is outlined, followed by a summary of the current evidence on the mechanisms of acute to chronic pain transition in adults, in order to contrast with the developmental mechanisms of pain chronification in the pediatric population. Evidence is presented to show that chronic pain may have its origin from insults early in life, which prime the child for the development of chronic pain in later life. Furthermore, available genetic, epigenetic, psychophysical, electrophysiological, neuroimaging, neuroimmune, and sex mechanisms are described in infants and older children. In conclusion, future directions are discussed with a focus on research gaps, translational and clinical implications. Utilization of developmental mechanisms framework to inform clinical decision-making and strategies for prevention and management of acute to chronic pain transitions in children, is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina T. Duff
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA;
| | - Kristen N. Krolick
- Department of Anesthesia, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital, Cincinnati, OH 45242, USA; (K.N.K.); (H.M.M.)
| | - Hana Mohamed Mahmoud
- Department of Anesthesia, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital, Cincinnati, OH 45242, USA; (K.N.K.); (H.M.M.)
| | - Vidya Chidambaran
- Department of Anesthesia, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital, Cincinnati, OH 45242, USA; (K.N.K.); (H.M.M.)
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Wang Y, Ke W, Gan J, Zhu H, Xie X, He G, Liu S, Huang Y, Tang H. MicroRNA-29b-3p promotes intestinal permeability in IBS-D via targeting TRAF3 to regulate the NF-κB-MLCK signaling pathway. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0287597. [PMID: 37428806 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0287597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome with predominant diarrhea (IBS-D) is characterized by increased intestinal permeability. Previous studies have shown that the microRNA-29 gene is involved in the regulation of intestinal permeability in patients with IBS-D. NF-κB was proved to play a key role in inflammatory response of intestine and resultant disruption of tight junction integrity, whose activity could be inhibited by TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 3 (TRAF3). However, the exact mechanism that induces increased intestinal permeability in IBS-D patients has not been clarified. In this study, we found that microRNA-29b‑3p (miR-29b-3p) was significantly upregulated, while TRAF3 was decreased and the NF-κB-MLCK pathway was activated within the colonic tissue of IBS-D patients. Subsequently, we confirmed the targeting relationship between miR-29b-3p and TRAF3 through a double-luciferase reporter assay. Lentivirus transfection of NCM460 cells with miR-29b-3p-overexpressing and -silencing vectors demonstrated that the expression of TRAF3 was negatively correlated with the level of miR-29b-3p. The NF-κB/MLCK pathway was activated in the miR-29b-3p-overexpressing group and inhibited to some extent in the miR-29b-3p-silencing group. Results in WT and miR-29 knockout mice showed that miR-29b-3p levels were increased, TRAF3 levels were decreased, and the NF-κB/MLCK signaling was activated in the WT IBS-D group as compared with the WT control group. The protein levels of TRAF3 and TJs in the miR-29b-/- IBS-D group were partially recovered and NF-κB/MLCK pathway indicators were, to a certain extent, decreased as compared with the WT IBS-D group. These results suggested that miR-29b-3p deletion enhances the TRAF3 level in IBS-D mice and alleviates the high intestinal permeability. In brief, through the analysis of intestinal tissue samples from IBS-D patients and miR-29b-/- IBS-D mice, we showed that miR-29b-3p is involved in the pathogenesis of intestinal hyperpermeability in IBS-D via targeting TRAF3 to regulate the NF-κB-MLCK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfu Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wei Ke
- The First Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianfeng Gan
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - He Zhu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiangyu Xie
- The First Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guodong He
- The First Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shan Liu
- The First Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yusheng Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongmei Tang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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18
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Sun J, Zhang M, Liu W, Liu Y, Zhang D, Fan X, Zhang J, Li T, Lu M. Evaluation of the effectiveness and mechanism of action of the Chang-Kang-Fang formula combined with bifid triple viable capsules on diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1160783. [PMID: 37440881 PMCID: PMC10333534 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1160783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The Chang-Kang-Fang (CKF) formula, a traditional Chinese herbal formula, can decrease serotonin (5-HT) levels and treat irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Probiotics have a better synergistic effect on diarrhea-predominant IBS (IBS-D) when combined with 5-HT3 receptor antagonists. The present study aimed to elucidate the efficacy and the mechanisms of action of the CKF formula combined with bifid triple viable capsules (PFK) against IBS-D. Methods The rat models of IBS-D were induced by gavage with senna decoction plus restraint stress. The CKF formula, PFK and their combination were administered to the rats. Their effects were evaluated based on general condition of the rats and the AWR score. The levels of 5-HT and fos protein in the colon and hippocampus were measured by immunohistochemistry. The levels of SP and VIP, as well as ZO-1 and occludin in the colon, were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunohistochemistry. The intestinal microbiota in faeces was analyzed by 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing. Results The results showed that the oral CKF formula combined with PFK (CKF + PFK) could significantly relieve the symptoms of IBS-D, including elevating the weight rate and decreasing the AWR score. Compared with the MC group, administration of CKF + PFK significantly reduced the expression of fos in the colon and hippocampus and that of 5-HT, SP and VIP in the colon and increased the levels of 5-HT in the hippocampus and ZO-1 and occludin in the colon. The above indexes exhibited statistical significance in the CKF + PFK group relative to those in the other groups. Moreover, treatment with CKF + PFK improved the diversity of intestinal microbiota and the abundance of Firmicutes, Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae but decreased those of Bacteroidetes and Prevotellaceae. Conclusions The CKF formula combined with PFK may have a synergistic effect on IBS-D by slowing gastrointestinal motility, lowering visceral hypersensitivity, enhancing the intestinal barrier function and modulating the composition of intestinal microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Sun
- Department of Central laboratory, Nanjing Lishui District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mengqiu Zhang
- School of Third Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Suqian Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Suqian, China
| | - Wei Liu
- School of Third Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Youqian Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Lishui District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Dongjian Zhang
- School of Third Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinyu Fan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Lishui District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- School of Third Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Tian Li
- Department of Central laboratory, Nanjing Lishui District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Min Lu
- School of Third Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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19
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Yang Q, Zhao Y, Zhao X, Sun S, Chen Y, Chen J, Zou D, Zhang L. Exploring the potential targets of Biling Weitong Granules on visceral hypersensitivity through integration of network pharmacology and in vivo analysis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023:116701. [PMID: 37257703 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Biling Weitong Granules(BLWTG) are a newly developed traditional Chinese medicine prescription based on the ancient prescription Jinlingzi San and Zuojin Wan. It is used for the treatment of functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) featured as visceral hypersensitivity(VH). However, its active ingredients and protein targets involved still remain unknown. AIM OF THE STUDY To explore the potential targets of BLWTG for the treatment of visceral hypersensitivity. MATERIALS AND METHODS Active components and their protein targets of BLWTG were screened from TCMSP database and the component-target network were constructed with Cytoscape software. Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) was the representative disease in this study and information on its linked pathways was obtained from NCBI, Drugbank and Genecard. Target pathways of BLWTG were analyzed through KEGG to verify the correlation with IBS related pathways.Then, the VH mouse models was induced by maternal separation(MS), randomly divided into normal saline(NS),BLWTG1(low-dosage) and BLWTG2(high-dosage) group. After intervention, threshold intensity of colorectal distension (CRD) and body weight were measured to evaluate relief of IBS symptoms. Elisa was performed to evaluate 5-HT concentration changes of colon tissues. Flow cytometry was performed to assess changes of colon eosinophils and mast cells proportion. Transcriptome sequencing was employed to analyze changes of pathways and differential genes. RESULTS 199 protein targets and 132 active components of BLWTG were identified. KEGG analysis revealed the overlap between BLWTG target pathways and IBS related pathways such as neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, tryptophan metabolism and inflammatory reaction. 34 genes were not only BLWTG target proteins but also recognized targets for treating IBS. After maternal separation(MS), the mice showed a significant decrease in threshold intensity of CRD, a progressive decrease in body weight and an increase of 5-HT concentration of colon tissue. The proportion of mast cells and eosinophils in the colon increased. Differential genes including Hp,Ido1 and Aqp7 were significantly increased in MS mice group and IBS-related pathways were upregulated. After treatment of BLWTG, threshold intensity of CRD and body weight were significantly improved and IBS related pathways were downregulated. In addition, among BLWTG protein targets, Il1b,Tnf,Adrb1 and Nos2 were found upregulated in MS + NS mice and downregulated after BLWTG intervention through combination of transcriptome sequencing. CONCLUSIONS In maternal separation-induced mouse models, BLWTG could alleviate visceral hypersensitivity, possibly through downregulation of 5-HT concentration and eosinophils and mast cells proportion in colon and critical pathways such as neuroactive ligand-receptor pathway. Potential targets of BLWTG including Il1b,Tnf,Adrb1 and Nos2 were found through integration of network pharmacology database and transcriptome sequencing, providing evidence for further study on mechanisms underlying visceral hypersensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qidi Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.197, Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Yizhou Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.197, Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Xiangyu Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.197, Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Sishen Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.197, Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Yifei Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.197, Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Jiayin Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.197, Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Duowu Zou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.197, Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.197, Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China.
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20
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Liu X, Wang Q, Chen M, Tao J, Wang J, Liu S, Hou J, Li D, Wang R. Interaction between Changan Granule and its main components in the plasma and CYP450 enzymes. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 308:116303. [PMID: 36841379 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Changan Granule (CAG) is a Chinese patent drug developed based on an empirical prescription in accordance with the formulation theory of Traditional Chinese Medicine. The prescription is composed of eight herbal drugs which have been traditionally used by Chinese people for a long history. It has effects of invigorating spleen and supplementing qi, as well as regulating liver and ceasing diarrhea, and is indicated for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). AIM OF THE STUDY This study was aimed to investigate the interaction between CAG and its main components and cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzymes so as to characterize the major metabolites and metabolic enzymes and evaluate the safety concerns to its clinical use. MATERIALS AND METHODS Both in vivo and in vitro experiments using such as diarrhea-predominant IBS (IBS-D) rat model, HepG2 cells, and human liver microsomes (HLM) were carried out to investigate the interaction between CAG and its main components and CYP450 enzymes. Real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR), ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS), and cocktail probes were employed to qualitatively or quantitatively measure the metabolites and metabolic enzymes. RESULTS CAG inhibited the enzyme activities of CYP1A2, CYP2E1, CYP2D6, CYP2C9, and CYP3A4 and the mRNA expressions of CYP2E1, CYP2C9, CYP3A4, and CYP2D6 in vitro. CAG down-regulated the increased expression of CYP1A2 and up-regulated the decreased expression of CYP3A1 in vivo. Twenty-two metabolites were characterized from the main components of CAG after incubation with HLM in vitro. CYP2D6, CYP2E1, CYP3A4 and CYP2C9 were identified as the characteristic metabolic enzymes. CONCLUSIONS This study provides a reference for clinical application of CAG in safety. CAG and CYP450 enzymes are interacted. CAG is mainly metabolized by CYP2E1 and CYP2D6. The expression of CYP2E1 and CYP2D6 are more susceptible to be influenced by CAG in comparison with that of CYP3A4, CYP2C9 and CYP1A2. It implies the potential risk of interaction when CAG is taken together with the drugs metabolized by CYP2E1 and CYP2D6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxuan Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Qiaoxia Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China.
| | - Meng Chen
- China National Institute of Standardization, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jiayue Tao
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Siqi Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Jincai Hou
- Hebei Shineway Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Langfang, 065201, China
| | - Dan Li
- Hebei Shineway Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Langfang, 065201, China.
| | - Rufeng Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China.
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21
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Wang XJ, Ebbert JO, Loftus CG, Rosedahl JK, Philpot LM. Comorbid extra-intestinal central sensitization conditions worsen irritable bowel syndrome in primary care patients. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2023; 35:e14546. [PMID: 36807964 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.14546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is characterized as a central sensitization syndrome (CSS), a group of conditions including fibromyalgia, chronic fatigue, and restless leg syndrome (RLS) among others with frequent comorbidities of anxiety, depression, and chemical sensitivity. The prevalence of comorbid conditions and their impact on IBS symptom severity and quality of life in rural community populations has not been described. METHODS We administered a cross-sectional survey to patients with a documented CSS diagnosis in rural primary care practices to evaluate the relationship between CSS diagnoses, quality of life, symptom severity, and interactions with healthcare providers utilizing validated questionnaires. Subgroup analysis was performed on the IBS cohort. Mayo Clinic IRB approved the study. KEY RESULTS Seven hundred seventy-five individuals out of 5000 completed the survey (15.5% response rate) with 264 (34%) reporting IBS. Only 3% (n = 8) of IBS patients reported IBS alone without comorbid CSS condition. Most respondents reported overlapping migraine (196, 74%), depression (183, 69%), anxiety (171, 64%), and fibromyalgia (139, 52%). IBS patients with more than two comorbid CS condition showed significantly higher symptom severity with linear increase. Quality of life was lower in IBS with comorbid conditions, particularly in patients with IBS and RLS (mean EQ5-D 0.36 vs. 0.8 in IBS only, p < 0.01). Quality of life declined as number of comorbid conditions increased. CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES Patients with IBS often have multiple CS disorders which increases symptom severity and lowers quality of life. Understanding the impact of multiple CSS diagnoses and treating these as a global condition may improve patient experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Jing Wang
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Minnesota, Rochester, USA
| | - Jon O Ebbert
- Community Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Minnesota, Rochester, USA
| | - Connor G Loftus
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Minnesota, Rochester, USA
| | - Jordan K Rosedahl
- Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Minnesota, Rochester, USA
| | - Lindsey M Philpot
- Community Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Minnesota, Rochester, USA
- Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Minnesota, Rochester, USA
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22
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Di Nardo G, Cremon C, Staiano A, Stanghellini V, Borrelli O, Strisciuglio C, Romano C, Mallardo S, Scarpato E, Marasco G, Salvatore S, Zenzeri L, Felici E, Pensabene L, Sestito S, Francavilla R, Quitadamo P, Baldassarre M, Giorgio V, Tambucci R, Ziparo C, Parisi P, Barbaro MR, Barbara G. Role of inflammation in pediatric irritable bowel syndrome. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2023; 35:e14365. [PMID: 35340083 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.14365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND IBS affects a large number of children throughout the world and is thought to be the result of disturbed neuroimmune function along with the brain-gut axis. Although the underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms are not clear, the role of low-grade inflammation and mucosal immune activation in IBS symptom generation has become evident also in subsets of pediatric patients. Animal models provided meaningful insight in the causal relationship between abnormal mucosal immune activation and changes in gastrointestinal (GI) sensory-motor function. Likewise, the development of long-standing GI symptoms fulfilling the current criteria for functional GI disorders after infection gastroenteritis and in patients with IBD or celiac disease in remission further supports this hypothesis. Immune activation, its impact on gut sensory-motor function, and potential implications for symptom generation emerged in both children and adults with IBS. PURPOSE The aim of this review is to summarize the main evidence on the presence of low-grade inflammation and immune activation in children with IBS, its possible role in symptom generation, and its potential implication for new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Di Nardo
- NESMOS Department, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Cesare Cremon
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Annamaria Staiano
- Department of Translational Medical Science, "Federico II", University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Osvaldo Borrelli
- Division of Neurogastroenterology and Motility, Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, UCL Institute of Child Health and Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | - Caterina Strisciuglio
- Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialistic Surgery, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Claudio Romano
- Pediatric Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood "G. Barresi", University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Saverio Mallardo
- Pediatric Department, Santa Maria Goretti Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | - Elena Scarpato
- Department of Translational Medical Science, "Federico II", University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Marasco
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Silvia Salvatore
- Pediatric Department, Ospedale "F. Del Ponte", University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Letizia Zenzeri
- NESMOS Department, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Pediatric Emergency Unit, Santobono-Pausilipon Children's Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Enrico Felici
- Pediatric and Pediatric Emergency Unit, "Umberto Bosio" Center for Digestive Diseases, The Children Hospital, AO SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Licia Pensabene
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Pediatric Unit, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Simona Sestito
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Pediatric Unit, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Ruggiero Francavilla
- Pediatric Section, Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Paolo Quitadamo
- Department of Pediatrics, A.O.R.N. Santobono-Pausilipon, Naples, Italy
| | - Mariella Baldassarre
- Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | | | - Renato Tambucci
- Digestive Endoscopy and Surgery Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Ziparo
- NESMOS Department, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Pasquale Parisi
- NESMOS Department, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Barbara
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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23
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Activation of the High-Affinity Choline Transporter 1 in the Spinal Cord Relieves Stress-Induced Hyperalgesia. Dig Dis Sci 2023; 68:2414-2426. [PMID: 36808325 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-022-07765-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mechanism underlying irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), a common disease with hyperalgesia, remains elusive. The spinal cholinergic system is involved in pain modulation, but its role in IBS is unknown. AIMS To determine whether high-affinity choline transporter 1 (CHT1, a major determinant of the cholinergic signaling capacity), is implicated in spinal modulation of stress-induced hyperalgesia. METHODS A rat IBS model was established by water avoidance stress (WAS). Visceral sensations were detected by abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR) and visceromotor response (VMR) to colorectal distension (CRD). Abdominal mechanical sensitivity was determined by von Frey filaments (VFFs) test. RT-PCR, Western blot, and immunostaining were performed for spinal CHT1 expression. Spinal acetylcholine (ACh) was measured by ELISA; the influence of spinal CHT1 on hyperalgesia were evaluated by intrathecal administration of MKC-231 (a choline uptake enhancer) and hemicholinium-3 (HC-3, a specific inhibitor of CHT1). Minocycline treatment was used to explore the role of spinal microglia in hyperalgesia. RESULTS After 10 days of WAS, AWR scores and VMR magnitude to CRD, and the number of withdrawal events in VFF test were increased. Double-labeling showed that CHT1 in the dorsal horn was expressed in most of the neurons and almost all the microglia. The CHT1 expression and ACh levels in the spinal cord and the density of CHT1-positive cell in the spinal dorsal horn were enhanced in WAS-exposed rats. HC-3 enhanced pain responses in WAS rats; MKC-231 alleviated pain in WAS rats by upregulating CHT1 expression and increasing ACh production in the spinal cord. Furthermore, microglial activation in the spinal dorsal horn promoted the stress-induced hyperalgesia, and MKC-231 achieved analgesic effects by inhibiting the spinal microglial activation. CONCLUSIONS CHT1 exerts antinociceptive effects in spinal modulation of chronic stress-induced hyperalgesia by increasing ACh synthesis and suppressing microglial activation. MKC-231 has potential for treating disorders accompanied by hyperalgesia.
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24
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Barton JR, Londregan AK, Alexander TD, Entezari AA, Bar-Ad S, Cheng L, Lepore AC, Snook AE, Covarrubias M, Waldman SA. Intestinal neuropod cell GUCY2C regulates visceral pain. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e165578. [PMID: 36548082 PMCID: PMC9927949 DOI: 10.1172/jci165578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Visceral pain (VP) is a global problem with complex etiologies and limited therapeutic options. Guanylyl cyclase C (GUCY2C), an intestinal receptor producing cyclic GMP(cGMP), which regulates luminal fluid secretion, has emerged as a therapeutic target for VP. Indeed, FDA-approved GUCY2C agonists ameliorate VP in patients with chronic constipation syndromes, although analgesic mechanisms remain obscure. Here, we revealed that intestinal GUCY2C was selectively enriched in neuropod cells, a type of enteroendocrine cell that synapses with submucosal neurons in mice and humans. GUCY2Chi neuropod cells associated with cocultured dorsal root ganglia neurons and induced hyperexcitability, reducing the rheobase and increasing the resulting number of evoked action potentials. Conversely, the GUCY2C agonist linaclotide eliminated neuronal hyperexcitability produced by GUCY2C-sufficient - but not GUCY2C-deficient - neuropod cells, an effect independent of bulk epithelial cells or extracellular cGMP. Genetic elimination of intestinal GUCY2C amplified nociceptive signaling in VP that was comparable with chemically induced VP but refractory to linaclotide. Importantly, eliminating GUCY2C selectively in neuropod cells also increased nociceptive signaling and VP that was refractory to linaclotide. In the context of loss of GUCY2C hormones in patients with VP, these observations suggest a specific role for neuropod GUCY2C signaling in the pathophysiology and treatment of these pain syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Shely Bar-Ad
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, & Cancer Biology
| | | | | | - Adam E. Snook
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, & Cancer Biology
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, and
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Scott A. Waldman
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, & Cancer Biology
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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25
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Xie Z, Feng J, Hibberd TJ, Chen BN, Zhao Y, Zang K, Hu X, Yang X, Chen L, Brookes SJ, Spencer NJ, Hu H. Piezo2 channels expressed by colon-innervating TRPV1-lineage neurons mediate visceral mechanical hypersensitivity. Neuron 2023; 111:526-538.e4. [PMID: 36563677 PMCID: PMC9957938 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2022.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory and functional gastrointestinal disorders such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and obstructive bowel disorder (OBD) underlie the most prevalent forms of visceral pain. Although visceral pain can be generally provoked by mechanical distension/stretch, the mechanisms that underlie visceral mechanosensitivity in colon-innervating visceral afferents remain elusive. Here, we show that virally mediated ablation of colon-innervating TRPV1-expressing nociceptors markedly reduces colorectal distention (CRD)-evoked visceromotor response (VMR) in mice. Selective ablation of the stretch-activated Piezo2 channels from TRPV1 lineage neurons substantially reduces mechanically evoked visceral afferent action potential firing and CRD-induced VMR under physiological conditions, as well as in mouse models of zymosan-induced IBS and partial colon obstruction (PCO). Collectively, our results demonstrate that mechanosensitive Piezo2 channels expressed by TRPV1-lineage nociceptors powerfully contribute to visceral mechanosensitivity and nociception under physiological conditions and visceral hypersensitivity under pathological conditions in mice, uncovering potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of visceral pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zili Xie
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Center for the Study of Itch & Sensory Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jing Feng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Center for the Study of Itch & Sensory Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Center for Neurological and Psychiatric Research and Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Timothy J Hibberd
- Visceral Neurophysiology Laboratory, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Bao Nan Chen
- Neurogastroenterology Laboratory, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Yonghui Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Center for the Study of Itch & Sensory Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Kaikai Zang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Center for the Study of Itch & Sensory Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Xueming Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Center for the Study of Itch & Sensory Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Xingliang Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Center for the Study of Itch & Sensory Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Lvyi Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Center for the Study of Itch & Sensory Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Simon J Brookes
- Neurogastroenterology Laboratory, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Nick J Spencer
- Visceral Neurophysiology Laboratory, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
| | - Hongzhen Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Center for the Study of Itch & Sensory Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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26
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Alam MJ, Chen JDZ. Electrophysiology as a Tool to Decipher the Network Mechanism of Visceral Pain in Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:627. [PMID: 36832115 PMCID: PMC9955347 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13040627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Abdominal pain, including visceral pain, is prevalent in functional gastrointestinal (GI) disorders (FGIDs), affecting the overall quality of a patient's life. Neural circuits in the brain encode, store, and transfer pain information across brain regions. Ascending pain signals actively shape brain dynamics; in turn, the descending system responds to the pain through neuronal inhibition. Pain processing mechanisms in patients are currently mainly studied with neuroimaging techniques; however, these techniques have a relatively poor temporal resolution. A high temporal resolution method is warranted to decode the dynamics of the pain processing mechanisms. Here, we reviewed crucial brain regions that exhibited pain-modulatory effects in an ascending and descending manner. Moreover, we discussed a uniquely well-suited method, namely extracellular electrophysiology, that captures natural language from the brain with high spatiotemporal resolution. This approach allows parallel recording of large populations of neurons in interconnected brain areas and permits the monitoring of neuronal firing patterns and comparative characterization of the brain oscillations. In addition, we discussed the contribution of these oscillations to pain states. In summary, using innovative, state-of-the-art methods, the large-scale recordings of multiple neurons will guide us to better understanding of pain mechanisms in FGIDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Jahangir Alam
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jiande D. Z. Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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27
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Inhibition of Canonical Transient Receptor Potential Channels 4/5 with Highly Selective and Potent Small-Molecule HC-070 Alleviates Mechanical Hypersensitivity in Rat Models of Visceral and Neuropathic Pain. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043350. [PMID: 36834762 PMCID: PMC9964505 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential channels C4/C5 are widely expressed in the pain pathway. Here, we studied the putative analgesic efficacy of the highly selective and potent TRPC4/C5 antagonist HC-070 in rats. Inhibitory potency on human TRPC4 was assessed by using the whole-cell manual patch-clamp technique. Visceral pain sensitivity was assessed by the colonic distension test after intra-colonic trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid injection and partial restraint stress. Mechanical pain sensitivity was assessed by the paw pressure test in the chronic constriction injury (CCI) neuropathic pain model. We confirm that HC-070 is a low nanomolar antagonist. Following single oral doses (3-30 mg/kg in male or female rats), colonic hypersensitivity was significantly and dose-dependently attenuated, even fully reversed to baseline. HC-070 also had a significant anti-hypersensitivity effect in the established phase of the CCI model. HC-070 did not have an effect on the mechanical withdrawal threshold of the non-injured paw, whereas the reference compound morphine significantly increased it. Analgesic effects are observed at unbound brain concentrations near the 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) recorded in vitro. This suggests that analgesic effects reported here are brought about by TRPC4/C5 blocking in vivo. The results strengthen the idea that TRPC4/C5 antagonism is a novel, safe non-opioid treatment for chronic pain.
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28
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Increased GABAergic projections in the paraventricular nucleus regulate colonic hypersensitivity via oxytocin in a rat model of irritable bowel syndrome. Neuroreport 2023; 34:108-115. [PMID: 36608164 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000001867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is characterized by gastrointestinal dysmotility and visceral hyperalgesia, and the impaired brain-gut axis is accepted as a crucial cause for the onset of IBS. The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of the adaptive changes in the central neural system induced by stress on IBS-like syndromes in rats. Long-term water avoidance stress (WAS) was used to prepare IBS animals. The changes in neuronal excitation and GABA expression were shown by immunohistochemistry. The mRNA and protein expressions of neurotransmitters were detected with Quantitative reverse-transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) and Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The intestinal transit time, fecal moisture content, and abdominal withdrawal reflex scores of rats were recorded to monitor intestinal motility and visceral hyperalgesia. In the WAS-treated rats with enhanced intestinal motility and visceral hypersensitivity, more GABAergic projections were found in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus, which inhibited the firing rate of neurons and decreased the expression of oxytocin. Exogenous oxytocin improved gut motility and decreased AWR scores. The inhibition of oxytocin by the adaptive GABAergic projection in the PVN might be an important mediator of IBS, which indicates a potential novel therapeutic target.
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29
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Bella A, Diego AM, Finn DP, Roche M. Stress-induced changes in nociceptive responding post-surgery in preclinical rodent models. FRONTIERS IN PAIN RESEARCH (LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 3:1106143. [PMID: 36703943 PMCID: PMC9871907 DOI: 10.3389/fpain.2022.1106143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Chronic post-surgical pain affects up to 85% of individuals depending on the type of surgery, the extent of inflammation, tissue and/or nerve damage. Pre-surgical stress is associated with greater pain intensity, prolonged recovery and is one of the main risk factors for the development of chronic post-surgical pain. Clinically valid animal models provide an important means of examining the mechanisms underlying the effects of stress on post-surgical pain and identifying potential novel therapeutic targets. This review discusses the current data from preclinical animal studies examining the effect of stress on post-surgical pain, the potential underlying mechanisms and gaps in the knowledge that require further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariadni Bella
- Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland,Centre for Pain Research, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland,Galway Neuroscience Centre, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Alba M. Diego
- Centre for Pain Research, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland,Galway Neuroscience Centre, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland,Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - David P. Finn
- Centre for Pain Research, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland,Galway Neuroscience Centre, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland,Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Michelle Roche
- Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland,Centre for Pain Research, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland,Galway Neuroscience Centre, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland,Correspondence: Michelle Roche
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30
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Yu L, Huang C, Yang W, Ren Z, Li L, Cheng H, Lin C, Zhai L, Ning Z, Wong HX, Han Q, Jia W, Bian Z, Zhao L. Aqueous cinnamon extract ameliorates bowel dysfunction and enteric 5-HT synthesis in IBS rats. Front Pharmacol 2023; 13:1010484. [PMID: 36699075 PMCID: PMC9868158 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1010484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cinnamon protects against irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea (IBS-D) in humans, but its efficacy and underlying mechanism of action remain poorly understood. Maternally separated (MS) IBS-D rat model and 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced post-inflammatory IBS-D rat model are characterized by visceral hyperalgesia and diarrhea. This study used the two models to evaluate the effect of cinnamon extract (CE) on bowel symptoms. The MS rat model was also used to explore its underlying anti-IBS mechanism. cinnamon extract reduced defecation frequency and visceral hyperalgesia in MS rats in a dose-dependent manner and effectively improved visceral hyperalgesia in TNBS rats. The efficacy of cinnamon extract was comparable to the positive drug serotonin receptor 3 (5-HT3) selective antagonist, Ramosetron. Excessive 5-HT, a well-known pathogenic factor for IBS, in the colon and circulation of IBS rats was reduced after cinnamon extract intervention. Both, gene and protein levels of the colonic 5-HT synthetase, Tryptophan Hydroxylase 1 (Tph1), were also decreased in CE-treated IBS rats. In addition, a luciferase assay revealed that cinnamon extract and its major components, catechin, procyanidin B1/2, cinnamic acid, and cinnamyl alcohol, significantly inhibited Tph1 transcription activity in vitro. These findings illustrated that aqueous cinnamon extract partially attenuated bowel symptoms in IBS models by directly inhibiting Tph1 expression and controlling 5-HT synthesis. This provides a scientific viewpoint for the use of cinnamon as a folk medication to treat IBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Yu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China,College of Basic Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunhua Huang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China,Centre for Chinese Herbal Medicine Drug Development Limited, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wei Yang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China,Centre for Chinese Herbal Medicine Drug Development Limited, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zhenxing Ren
- Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Lifeng Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Huiyuan Cheng
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chengyuan Lin
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China,Centre for Chinese Herbal Medicine Drug Development Limited, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Lixiang Zhai
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China,Centre for Chinese Herbal Medicine Drug Development Limited, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ziwan Ning
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China,Centre for Chinese Herbal Medicine Drug Development Limited, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | | | - Quanbin Han
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wei Jia
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China,Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaoxiang Bian
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China,Centre for Chinese Herbal Medicine Drug Development Limited, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China,*Correspondence: Zhaoxiang Bian, ; Ling Zhao,
| | - Ling Zhao
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China,Academy of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Zhaoxiang Bian, ; Ling Zhao,
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31
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Guan L, Liu Y, Wu B, Chen A, Tao W, Lin C. Research hotspots and trends in visceral pain research: A global comprehensive bibliometric analysis. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 15:1022463. [PMID: 36683850 PMCID: PMC9848657 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.1022463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Visceral pain is a complex and heterogeneous disorder that is considered more prominent compared to somatic pain, due to its multiple and complex causes and accompanying emotional and mood disorders. Research has become increasingly extensive over the years, but a bibliometric analysis of this field is lacking. The aim of this study was to analyze global research trends in visceral pain over the past 40 years through visual analysis. Methods We conducted a comprehensive search of the literature from January 1981 to December 2021 using the Web of Science core database. The medical subject term 'visceral pain' was searched. We used CiteSpace and VOSviewer for bibliometric analysis and network visualization, including top-ranked authors, keywords, research collaborations, and literature co-occurrence network analysis. Results A total of 5,047 articles were included in the analysis. The number of articles on visceral pain has continued to grow steadily over the past 40 years. The United States (1,716 articles), University of California (159 articles), and Neurogastroenterology and Motility (276 articles) were the country, institution, and journal with the most publications, respectively. Keyword analysis showed that inflammation, visceral hypersensitivity, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), anxiety, and quality of life were the research trends and priorities in this research field. Conclusion Visceral pain-related research has received increasing attention in recent decades. However, there are still many unresolved issues in the field of visceral pain, such as the specific molecular mechanisms and clinical treatments between visceral pain and inflammation, IBD, IBS, anxiety, and quality of life, which may require further exploration based on modern scientific and technological means and more basic research, especially for the therapeutic targets of visceral pain, which may become a hot spot for future research and provide guidance for the treatment of clinical diseases related to visceral pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Guan
- Key Laboratory of Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Pain Research Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China,Key Laboratory of Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Bin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Aiqin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Pain Research Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Wucheng Tao
- Key Laboratory of Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China,*Correspondence: Wucheng Tao, ; Chun Lin,
| | - Chun Lin
- Key Laboratory of Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Pain Research Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China,*Correspondence: Wucheng Tao, ; Chun Lin,
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32
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Jiao Y, Gao P, Dong L, Ding X, Meng Y, Qian J, Gao T, Wang R, Jiang T, Zhang Y, Kong D, Wu Y, Chen S, Xu S, Tang D, Luo P, Wu M, Meng L, Wen D, Wu C, Zhang G, Shi X, Yu W, Rong W. Molecular identification of bulbospinal ON neurons by GPER, which drives pain and morphine tolerance. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e154588. [PMID: 36346677 PMCID: PMC9797334 DOI: 10.1172/jci154588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The rostral ventromedial medulla (RVM) exerts bidirectional descending modulation of pain attributable to the activity of electrophysiologically identified pronociceptive ON and antinociceptive OFF neurons. Here, we report that GABAergic ON neurons specifically express G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER). GPER+ neurons exhibited characteristic ON-like responses upon peripheral nociceptive stimulation. Optogenetic activation of GPER+ neurons facilitated, but their ablation abrogated, pain. Furthermore, activation of GPER caused depolarization of ON cells, potentiated pain, and ameliorated morphine analgesia through desensitizing μ-type opioid receptor-mediated (MOR-mediated) activation of potassium currents. In contrast, genetic ablation or pharmacological blockade of GPER attenuated pain, enhanced morphine analgesia, and delayed the development of morphine tolerance in diverse preclinical pain models. Our data strongly indicate that GPER is a marker for GABAergic ON cells and illuminate the mechanisms underlying hormonal regulation of pain and analgesia, thus highlighting GPER as a promising target for the treatment of pain and opioid tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingfu Jiao
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology and
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Po Gao
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology and
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Dong
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology and
| | | | - Youqiang Meng
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology and
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Chongming Branch, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Chongming Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Ting Gao
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology and
| | - Ruoxi Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunchun Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dexu Kong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Sihan Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Saihong Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Tang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Luo
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology and
| | - Meimei Wu
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology and
| | - Li Meng
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology and
| | - Daxiang Wen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Changhao Wu
- School of Biosciences and Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Xueyin Shi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weifeng Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weifang Rong
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology and
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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33
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Li Q, Meng F, Ma X, Sun Z, Dai J, Liu J, Li D, Cong P, Xu R, Zhao D, Wang W, Wang D, Liu C, Wang F, Li C, Lian H. The colonic interleukin-19 aggravates the dextran sodium sulfate/stress-induced comorbidities due to colitis and anxiety. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1153344. [PMID: 36936941 PMCID: PMC10018752 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1153344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Comorbidities due to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and anxiety are commonly acknowledged; however, their underlying basis is unclear. In the current study, we first conducted a clinical retrospective analysis to identify the enhancive incidence rate of IBD before or after the epidemic of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), with higher Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), as well as poorer Gastrointestinal Quality of Life Index (GIQLI). Then, the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) and chronic unpredictable stress (CUS)-induced IBD and anxiety comorbid models were established with the correlational relations between symptoms of IBD and anxiety-related behaviors. We found dysfunctional up-regulation of a new inflammatory factor interleukin (IL)-19 in the colon of DSS/CUS treated mice. Overexpression of IL-19 in colon induced anxious phenotypes, and accelerated the anxious condition and symptoms of colitis in the DSS/CUS model by promoting the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), IL-1β, and IL-6 pro-inflammatory factors, and activating signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway in the colon. Furthermore, overexpression of IL-19 in the colon also reduced the expression levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB) signaling pathways activity in the hippocampus. These results suggest that IL-19 was a pivotal player in DSS/CUS-induced comorbidities of colitis and anxiety with different signaling pathways for the colon and hippocampus, which provides a candidate gene to explore the pathophysiology of comorbidities due to colitis and anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiongyu Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
- Medical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Fantao Meng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
- Medical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Xiangxian Ma
- Medical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
- Department of Psychology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Zhe Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
- Medical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Juanjuan Dai
- Medical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
- Medical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Dan Li
- College of Nursing, Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, China
| | - Peijia Cong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
- Medical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Ruixue Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
- Medical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Di Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
- Medical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Wentao Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
- Medical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
- Medical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Cuilan Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
- Medical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Faxiang Wang
- Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Chen Li, ; Haifeng Lian, ; Faxiang Wang,
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
- Medical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Chen Li, ; Haifeng Lian, ; Faxiang Wang,
| | - Haifeng Lian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
- Medical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Chen Li, ; Haifeng Lian, ; Faxiang Wang,
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Zhou Y, Zhang F, Mao L, Feng T, Wang K, Xu M, Lv B, Wang X. Bifico relieves irritable bowel syndrome by regulating gut microbiota dysbiosis and inflammatory cytokines. Eur J Nutr 2023; 62:139-155. [PMID: 35918555 PMCID: PMC9899748 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-022-02958-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Gut microbiota dysbiosis, a core pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), is closely related to immunological and metabolic functions. Gut microbiota-based therapeutics have been recently explored in several studies. Bifico is a probiotic cocktail widely used in gastrointestinal disorders which relate to the imbalance of gut microbiota. However, the efficacy and potential mechanisms of Bifico treatment in IBS remains incompletely understood. METHODS Adopting a wrap restraint stress (WRS) -induced IBS mice model. Protective effect of Bifico in IBS mice was examined through abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR) scores. 16S rDNA, 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) and western blot assays were performed to analyze alterations of gut microbiota, microbiome metabolites and inflammatory cytokines, respectively. RESULTS Bifico could decrease intestinal visceral hypersensitivity. Although gut microbiota diversity did not increase, composition of gut microbiota was changed after treatment of Bifico, which were characterized by an increase of Proteobacteria phylum and Actinobacteria phylum, Muribaculum genus, Bifidobacterium genus and a decrease of Parabacteroides genus, Sutterella genus and Lactobacillus genus. Moreover, Bifico elevated the concentration of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and reduced protein levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). From further Spearman's correlation analysis, Bifidobacterium genus were positively correlated with SCFAs including propionate, butyrate, valerate and negatively correlated with IL-6 and TNF-α. CONCLUSION Bifico could alleviate symptoms of IBS mice through regulation of the gut microbiota, elevating production of SCFAs and reducing the colonic inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlin Zhou
- grid.417400.60000 0004 1799 0055Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310003 Zhejiang China ,grid.268505.c0000 0000 8744 8924The First Clinical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053 Zhejiang China ,Key Laboratory of Digestive Pathophysiology of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hubin Campus, Hangzhou, 310006 China
| | - Fan Zhang
- grid.268505.c0000 0000 8744 8924The First Clinical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053 Zhejiang China ,Key Laboratory of Digestive Pathophysiology of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hubin Campus, Hangzhou, 310006 China ,grid.417400.60000 0004 1799 0055Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310003 Zhejiang China
| | - Liqi Mao
- grid.411440.40000 0001 0238 8414Department of Gastroenterology, The First People’s Hospital of Huzhou, The First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou Teachers College, Huzhou, 313000 Zhejiang China
| | - Tongfei Feng
- grid.417400.60000 0004 1799 0055Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310003 Zhejiang China ,Key Laboratory of Digestive Pathophysiology of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hubin Campus, Hangzhou, 310006 China
| | - Kaijie Wang
- grid.417400.60000 0004 1799 0055Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310003 Zhejiang China ,Key Laboratory of Digestive Pathophysiology of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hubin Campus, Hangzhou, 310006 China
| | - Maosheng Xu
- grid.417400.60000 0004 1799 0055Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310003 Zhejiang China
| | - Bin Lv
- grid.417400.60000 0004 1799 0055Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310003 Zhejiang China ,Key Laboratory of Digestive Pathophysiology of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hubin Campus, Hangzhou, 310006 China
| | - Xi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Digestive Pathophysiology of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hubin Campus, Hangzhou, 310006 China
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Alshehri FS. Tapentadol: A Review of Experimental Pharmacology Studies, Clinical Trials, and Recent Findings. Drug Des Devel Ther 2023; 17:851-861. [PMID: 36974332 PMCID: PMC10039632 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s402362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Tapentadol is an analgesic compound that acts centrally to attenuate pain. Previous studies have shown that tapentadol has dual mechanisms of action as a mu-opioid receptor agonist and noradrenaline re-uptake inhibition. Therefore, tapentadol provides a great advantage over classic opioids in pain management from nociceptive to neuropathic. Cumulative evidence from in vitro data suggests that tapentadol effect of norepinephrine re-uptake could be a new target that overcomes other classic opioids in chronic neuropathic pain. Compared to tramadol and other opioids, tapentadol is associated with fewer adverse effects than tramadol. Tapentadol is a new alternative to treat acute, chronic, and neuropathic pain. Thus, this review article was focused on understanding the studies that led to the development of tapentadol as a novel analgesic drug and its advantages over conventional opioids. Thus, tapentadol is a good alternative with fewer adverse effects and is available for human use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahad S Alshehri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: Fahad S Alshehri, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al‑ Qura University, Makkah, 24382, Saudi Arabia, Email
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Paeoniflorin alleviates inflammatory response in IBS-D mouse model via downregulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway with involvement of miR-29a. Heliyon 2022; 8:e12312. [PMID: 36590561 PMCID: PMC9800317 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Paeoniflorin has been traditionally used to treat pain and immunologic derangement in China. However, its detailed mechanism remains to be illuminated. We investigated the mechanism by which paeoniflorin alleviates the inflammatory response in a mouse model of irritable bowel syndrome with predominant diarrhea (IBS-D). C57BL/6 wild type (WT) and miR-29a knockout (KO) mice were randomly divided into control, model, rifaximin, and paeoniflorin groups (n = 7). IBS-D model was induced by single intracolonic instillation of 0.1 mL trinitro-benzene-sulfonic acid (TNBS, 50 mg/mL) combined with restraint stress for seven consecutive days. The treatment groups received rifaximin (100 mg/kg) and paeoniflorin (50 mg/kg) via intragastric administration for seven days, respectively. The results showed that the fecal water content, fecal pellet output, visceral sensitivity, and histopathological score after paeoniflorin treatment were lower than those of the model group in both WT and miR-29a KO mice (P < 0.05). In both lineage mice, damage was observed in the colon tissues of model group, while paeoniflorin treatment partially ameliorated the tissue damage. Serum levels of DAO, DLA, IL-1β, IL-18, TNF-α, and MPO were decreased after paeoniflorin treatment (P < 0.05), with miR-29a KO mice in a lower level compared with that of WT mice. RT-PCR showed that the relative expression of miR-29a, NF-κB (p65), NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1, IL-1β, and TNF-α was downregulated while NKRF was upregulated after paeoniflorin treatment (P < 0.05). Immunohistochemistry showed that intestinal epithelial protein levels of NLRP3, ASC, and caspase-1 decreased while those of Claudin-1 and ZO-1 increased in the paeoniflorin treatment group (P < 0.05). In general, compared with WT mice, NLRP3 inflammasome pathway targets was in much lower expression level than miR-29a KO mice. In conclusion, paeoniflorin could inhibit abnormal activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway by inhibiting miR-29a in IBS-D, thereby relieving the inflammatory response of the intestinal mucosa and reconstructing the intestinal epithelial barrier.
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Lin W, Liu Y, Zhou Y, Lin M, Liu C, Tang Y, Wu B, Lin C. Methyltransferase-like 3 modulates visceral hypersensitivity through regulating the nuclear export of circKcnk9 in YTHDC1-dependent manner. Mol Pain 2022; 18:17448069221144540. [PMID: 36443649 PMCID: PMC9730012 DOI: 10.1177/17448069221144540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Accumulating evidence shows that N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modulators contribute to the process of chronic pain. However, the exact mechanisms of m6A writers involved in visceral hypersensitivity of Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) remain unclear. This article aimed to reveal a new mechanism for the progression of IBS. Methods: The IBS-like model was established by neonatal colorectal distention (CRD). The relationship between m6A and circKcnk9 was analyzed by bioinformatics, immunofluorescence and RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assays. Visceral hypersensitivity was assessed based on the electromyography (EMG) response of the abdominal external oblique muscle to CRD. In vivo and in vitro studies (including EMG stereotactic infusion, Western blot and qRT-PCR) were utilized to explore the biological functions of related indicators. The bioinformatics, RIP experiments and RNA pull-down assays were used to explore the potential molecular mechanisms. Results: We identified that neonatal CRD increased the level of the m6A via methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3) in the hippocampal neurons. Subsequently, knockdown of METTL3 could alleviate visceral hypersensitivity in IBS-like rats. By contrast, overexpression of METTL3 could induce visceral hypersensitivity and activate hippocampal neurons in control rats. Moreover, YTHDC1, the only m6A-associated protein predicted by bioinformatics to bind to circKcnk9, modulated visceral hypersensitivity through regulating the nuclear export of circKcnk9 in an m6A-dependent manner. Notably, FISH data suggested that the increased nuclear staining of circKcnk9 caused by siYTHDC1 could be recovered by overexpression of YTHDC1 wild type (WT) but not YTHDC1 negative control (NC) in PC12 cells. Conclusions: Our findings reveal a new regulatory mechanism in progress of IBS, that is, METTL3 modulates visceral hypersensitivity through regulating the nuclear export of circKcnk9 in YTHDC1-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Lin
- Pain Research Institute, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Pain Research Institute, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China,Cancer Research Center Nantong, the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yifei Zhou
- Pain Research Institute, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Mengying Lin
- Pain Research Institute, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Congxu Liu
- Pain Research Institute, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ying Tang
- Pain Research Institute, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China,Ying Tang, Pain Research Institute, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China.
| | - Bin Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China,Bin Wu, Department of Pediatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China.
| | - Chun Lin
- Pain Research Institute, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China,Chun Lin, Pain Research Institute, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China.
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Cheng F, Fan Z, Lin C, Zhu Y, He H, Dai N, Du L. Effect of altered gut microbiota on visceral hypersensitivity of postinfectious irritable bowel syndrome mice. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 34:1220-1230. [PMID: 36165068 DOI: 10.1097/meg.0000000000002441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common functional bowel disorder characterized with visceral hypersensitivity. Previous studies indicated gut microbiota alteration associated short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) dysregulation is associated with IBS development. The aim of the study is to explore the potential role of microbiota dysbiosis mediated visceral hypersensitivity in postinfectious-IBS (PI-IBS) mouse model. METHODS Four-week-old NIH mice were randomly allocated into four groups: control mice, PI-IBS mice, PI-IBS mice co-housing with normal mice, and PI-IBS mice were administrated with a cocktail of antibiotics. Trichinella spiralis infection established PI-IBS mouse model. Microbiota in cecal contents and feces were analyzed by 16S rDNA sequencing. SCFAs were detected by gas chromatography. 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) was evaluated by ELISA, and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) were examined by western blot. Visceral sensitivity was determined by abdominal withdrawal reflex in response to colorectal distention. RESULTS Increased SCFAs were observed in cecal contents and feces in PI-IBS mice accompanied with higher 5-HT and NMDAR subunits expressions in ileum and colon. Visceral hypersensitivity was observed in PI-IBS mice compared to control mice. When administrated with antibiotics cocktails and co-housing with normal mice, PI-IBS mice showed decreased SCFAs, 5-HT, NMDAR subunits expressions, and improved visceral hypersensitivity. CONCLUSION Gut microbiota alteration induced increased SCFAs, 5-HT and NMDAR subunits expressions were associated with visceral hypersensitivity in PI-IBS mice. The critical role of gut microbiota in improving visceral hypersensitivity was further identified by treatment of antibiotics cocktail and co-housing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangli Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
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Staal RGW, Gandhi A, Zhou H, Cajina M, Jacobsen AM, Hestehave S, Hopper A, Poda S, Chandresana G, Zorn SH, Campbell B, Segerdahl M, Mӧller T, Munro G. Inhibition of P2X7 receptors by Lu AF27139 diminishes colonic hypersensitivity and CNS prostanoid levels in a rat model of visceral pain. Purinergic Signal 2022; 18:499-514. [PMID: 36001278 PMCID: PMC9832206 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-022-09892-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Visceral pain is a prominent feature of various gastrointestinal diseases. The P2X7 receptor is expressed by multiple cell types including dorsal root ganglion satellite glial cells, macrophages, and spinal microglia, all of which have been implicated in nociceptive sensitization. We have used the selective and CNS penetrant P2X7 receptor antagonist Lu AF27139 to explore this receptor's role in distinct rat models of inflammatory and visceral hypersensitivity. Rats injected with CFA in the hindpaw displayed a marked reduction in hindpaw mechanical threshold, which was dose-dependently reversed by Lu AF27139 (3-30 mg/kg, p.o.). In rats injected with TNBS in the proximal colon, the colorectal distension threshold measured distally was significantly lower than sham treated rats at 7 days post-injection (P < 0.001), indicative of a marked central sensitization. Colonic hypersensitivity was also reversed by Lu AF27139 (10-100 mg/kg) and by the κ-opioid receptor agonist U-50,488H (3 mg/kg, s.c.). Moreover, both Lu AF27139 and U-50,488H prevented a TNBS-induced increase in spinal and brain levels of PGE2 and LTB4, as well as an increase in brain levels of PGF2α and TXB2. Lu AF27139 was well tolerated as revealed by a lack of significant effect on rotarod motor function and coordination at all doses tested up to 300 mg/kg. Thus, P2X7 receptor antagonism is efficacious in a rat model of visceral pain, via a mechanism which potentially involves attenuation of microglial function within spinal and/or supraspinal pain circuits, albeit a peripheral site of action cannot be excluded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland G W Staal
- Neuroinflammation Disease Biology Unit Lundbeck Research USA, Paramus, NJ, USA
| | - Adarsh Gandhi
- Neuroinflammation Disease Biology Unit Lundbeck Research USA, Paramus, NJ, USA
| | - Hua Zhou
- Neuroinflammation Disease Biology Unit Lundbeck Research USA, Paramus, NJ, USA
| | - Manuel Cajina
- Neuroinflammation Disease Biology Unit Lundbeck Research USA, Paramus, NJ, USA
| | | | - Sara Hestehave
- Neurodegeneration In Vivo Lundbeck Research, Valby, Denmark
| | - Allen Hopper
- Neuroinflammation Disease Biology Unit Lundbeck Research USA, Paramus, NJ, USA
| | - Suresh Poda
- Neuroinflammation Disease Biology Unit Lundbeck Research USA, Paramus, NJ, USA
| | - Gamini Chandresana
- Neuroinflammation Disease Biology Unit Lundbeck Research USA, Paramus, NJ, USA
| | - Stevin H Zorn
- Neuroinflammation Disease Biology Unit Lundbeck Research USA, Paramus, NJ, USA
| | - Brian Campbell
- Neuroinflammation Disease Biology Unit Lundbeck Research USA, Paramus, NJ, USA
| | - Marta Segerdahl
- Clinical Research Neurology Lundbeck Research, Valby, Denmark
| | - Thomas Mӧller
- Neuroinflammation Disease Biology Unit Lundbeck Research USA, Paramus, NJ, USA
| | - Gordon Munro
- Neurodegeneration In Vivo Lundbeck Research, Valby, Denmark.
- Hoba Therapeutics, Ole Maaløes Vej 3, 2200, Copenhagen N, Denmark.
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Zhuang Z, Huang C, Zhang Y, Lv B. Effects of Massa Medicata Fermentata on the intestinal pathogenic flagella bacteria and visceral hypersensitivity in rats with irritable bowel syndrome. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1039804. [PMID: 36505059 PMCID: PMC9730278 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1039804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the effect of Massa Medicata Fermentata (MMF) on the changes of pathogenic flagellar bacteria and visceral hypersensitivity in rats with diarrhea irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D). Methods: Thirty adult SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group (n = 10), model control group (n = 10), and MMF group (n = 10). Acetic acid enema combined with restraint stress was used to build the IBS-D visceral hypersensitivity model; Abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR) test was used to assess the visceral sensitivity of rats; 16SrRNA sequencing was used to analyze the changes of intestinal bacteria in each group, and the content of pathogenic flagellated bacteria were quantitatively counted; The content of flagellin in colonic mucosa was detected by ELISA; TLR5 protein in colonic mucosa of rats was detected by Western Blot. Results: After IBS-D modeling, the visceral sensitivity of rats was significantly higher in the model control group than that in the normal control group (p = 0.0061), while it was significantly decreased in MMF group compared with the model control group (p = 0.0217), but without significant difference compared with the normal control group (p = 0.6851). The number of fecal Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus in the model group were significantly decreased compared with the normal control group (p < 0.0001); While they were significantly increased in the MMF group compared with the model control group and normal control group (p = 0.009; p < 0.0001). The amount of fecal pathogenic flagellated bacteria in the model group was significantly increased compared with the normal control group (p = 0.001); However it was significantly reduced in MMF group compared with the model group (p = 0.026), which has no statistically difference with the normal control group (p = 0.6486). The content of flagellin in colonic mucosa was significantly increased in the model group when compared with the normal control group (p < 0.0001), and it was decreased in MMF group compared with the normal control group (p < 0.0001), but there was no statistical difference with the normal control group (p = 0.6545). The expression level of TLR5 protein in colonic mucosa of rat was significantly increased in model control group compared with the normal control group (p = 0.0034), However, it was significantly decreased in MMF group compared with normal control group (p = 0.0019), but it was no statistical difference with the normal control group (p = 0.7519). Conclusion: MMF can reduce visceral hypersensitivity by decreasing the content of pathogenic flagellated bacteria and their flagellin and inhibiting its specific receptor TLR5 protein expression in colonic mucosa in IBS-D rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaomeng Zhuang
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Affiliated Wenzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wenzhou, China,Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
| | - Chen Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
| | - Yiguang Zhang
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Affiliated Wenzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wenzhou, China
| | - Bin Lv
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Bin Lv, ,
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Zhang L, Yu C, Chen B, Chao Y, Zhang H, Zhao Q, Yang K, Zhang Y, Chen S. Modulation of colonic function in irritable bowel syndrome rats by electroacupuncture at ST25 and the neurobiological links between ST25 and the colon. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:930489. [PMID: 36507334 PMCID: PMC9731770 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.930489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic functional gastrointestinal disease characterized by abdominal pain and defecation disorders. Acupuncture therapy positively affects IBS, with ST25 being the main point. However, ST25 has mostly been used in conjunction with other acupoints. This study aimed to observe the therapeutic effect of electroacupuncture at ST25 alone in IBS and the neurobiological mechanism of ST25 associated with the colon. First, we observed the effect of electroacupuncture at ST25 on the visceral pain threshold and slow-wave discharge of the colon in IBS model rats. Second, we explored the neurobiological mechanism of ST25 associated with the colon using a neural tracer technique. The results showed that (1) electroacupuncture at ST25 alone can alleviate visceral hypersensitivity and restore normal slow-wave frequency and rhythm of the colon in IBS rats; (2) there is a close neuroanatomical connection between ST25 and the colon, i.e., in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG), ST25 is similar in innervation to the colon, mainly in the T8-L1 segment, while the presence of double-labeled positive neurons is present in a part of the DRG; retrogradely labeled motor neurons associated with ST25 were observed in the anterior horn of the spinal cord, and retrogradely labeled sympathetic postganglionic neurons associated with ST25 were observed in the sympathetic nerve chain. These findings suggested that the DRGs and the dorsal horn of the spinal cord are important targets for electroacupuncture at ST25 to reduce visceral hypersensitivity in IBS rats. The sympathetic ganglia may be an important site for ST25 to regulate intestinal motility. The neurobiological mechanism of ST25 action in IBS rats should be further investigated in the future by combining related techniques, such as pseudorabies virus, optogenetics, calcium imaging, and electrophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Zhang
- College of Acupuncture and Massage, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Cheng Yu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Biwei Chen
- College of Acupuncture and Massage, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yuqiao Chao
- College of Acupuncture and Massage, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Haiyan Zhang
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Qinyu Zhao
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Kaiwei Yang
- College of Acupuncture and Massage, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yujiao Zhang
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China,Yujiao Zhang,
| | - Shaozong Chen
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China,*Correspondence: Shaozong Chen,
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Liu Y, Chen Z, Lin W, Zhou Y, Liu Z, Zhao R, Chen Y, Wu B, Chen A, Lin C. Role of hippocampal circKcnk9 in visceral hypersensitivity and anxiety comorbidity of irritable bowel syndrome. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:1010107. [PMID: 36467610 PMCID: PMC9714028 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.1010107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common gastrointestinal disorder characterized by recurrent visceral pain and altered bowel habits (diarrhea or constipation). However, the molecular and pathological mechanisms are poorly understood. This study found neonatal colorectal distension to induce visceral hypersensitivity and anxiety. The expression of hippocampal circKcnk9, a novel circRNA, was significantly increased in IBS-like rats. Interestingly, CA1 shcircKcnk9 treatment inhibited long-term potentiation (LTP) and alleviated visceral hypersensitivity and anxiety in IBS-like rats, whereas overexpression of CA1 circKcnk9 induced LTP, visceral hypersensitivity, and anxiety in controls. Several experiments indicated that increased CA1 circKcnk9 acted as a miR-124-3p sponge, which resulted in the inhibitory effect of miR-124-3p on gene silencing. There was a negative correlation between circKcnk9 and miR-124-3p expression. As expected, CA1 administration of agomiR-124-3p decreased CA1 LTP, visceral hypersensitivity, and anxiety in the IBS-like rats. In contrast, CA1 treatment with antagomiR-124-3p induced LTP, visceral hypersensitivity, and anxiety in the controls. Furthermore, bioinformatic analysis and experimental data showed that EZH2 is a circKcnk9/miR-124-3p target gene, and increased EZH2 expression was involved in visceral hypersensitivity and anxiety in IBS-like rats by enhancing hippocampal synaptic plasticity. In conclusion, early life stress induces increased expression of circKcnk9 in the CA1 of IBS-like rats. Increased circKcnk9 expression regulates synaptic transmission and enhances LTP, leading to visceral hypersensitivity and anxiety in IBS-like rats. The underlying circKcnk9 signaling pathway is miR124-3p/EZH2. Increased circKcnk9 reinforces its sponging of miR124-3p and strongly suppresses miR124-3p activity, resulting in increased expression of the target gene EZH2. This study provides a new epigenetic mechanism for visceral hypersensitivity and anxiety in IBS-like rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Liu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Pain Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhong Chen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Pain Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wei Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yifei Zhou
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Pain Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zihan Liu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Pain Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ruixia Zhao
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Pain Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Pain Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Bin Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Aiqin Chen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Pain Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chun Lin
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Pain Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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Kim JH, Lee SW, Kwon Y, Ha EK, An J, Cha HR, Jeong SJ, Han MY. Infantile Colic and the Subsequent Development of the Irritable Bowel Syndrome. J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2022; 28:618-629. [PMID: 36250369 DOI: 10.5056/jnm21181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims Little is known about the association between infantile colic and the later onset of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Methods This study examined all 917 707 children who were born in Korea between 2007 and 2008. Infantile colic was defined with 1 or more diagnoses of ICD-10 code R10.4 or R68.1 at the age of 5 weeks to 4 months, and infants with a diagnosis of infantile colic and without were allocated into the infantile colic group and the control group. IBS was defined as 2 or more diagnoses of ICD-10 code K58.X after 4 years of age. Each child was traced until 2017. The risk of IBS with infantile colic was evaluated using a Cox proportional hazards model with propensity score inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW). Results After IPTW, 363 528 and 359 842 children were allocated to the control group and the infantile colic group, respectively. The infantile colic group had a higher risk of developing IBS in childhood (hazard ratio [95% CI], 1.12 [1.10 to 1.13]) than the control group. Moreover, the subgroup analyses according to the feeding status, birth weight, sex, or economic status, showed that the risk of IBS with former infantile colic remained statistically significant. Conclusions Children with a diagnosis of infantile colic during the infant period had a significant risk of developing IBS after 4 years of age. Understanding the pathogenesis of infantile colic in the neonatal period may reduce the prevalence and severity of functional gastrointestinal disorders from childhood to adolescence to adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Hee Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Won Lee
- Department of Precision Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Yoowon Kwon
- Department of Pediatrics, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, Sejong, Korea
| | - Eun Kyo Ha
- Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jaewoo An
- Department of Pediatrics, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Hye Ryeong Cha
- Department of Comuputer Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Su Jin Jeong
- Department of Pediatrics, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Man Yong Han
- Department of Pediatrics, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
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Yi SL, Huang ZT, Liao L, Lu YL, Lin YK, Pei Y, Chen WY, Huang C, Cao HY, Tan B. The Effects of Patchouli Alcohol on Diarrhea-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome are Correlated with Phenotypic Plasticity in Myenteric Neurons and the Targeted Regulation of Myosin Va. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2022; 50:1905-1925. [PMID: 36185014 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x22500811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2024]
Abstract
Patchouli alcohol (PA) has been widely used for the treatment of diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) in traditional Chinese medicine, and the related mechanism remains to be fully understood. Our previous study has indicated that PA significantly reduced visceral sensitivity and defecation area in IBS-D rats. In this study, we prepared an IBS-D rat model and observed the dynamic intestinal motility and colonic longitudinal muscle and myenteric plexus (LMMP) neurons, as well as their subtypes at D14, D21, and D28. After PA administration, we observed the effects on the changes in intestinal motility, colonic LMMP neurons, and LMMP Myosin Va in IBS-D rats and their co-localization with inhibitory neurotransmitter-related proteins. The results indicated that PA treatment could alleviate IBS-D symptoms, regulate the abnormal expression of LMMP neurons, increase Myosin Va expression, up-regulate co-localization levels of Myosin Va with neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), and promote co-localization levels of Myosin Va with vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP). In conclusion, this study demonstrated the neuropathic alterations in the colon of chronic restraint stress-induced IBS-D rat model. PA reversed the neuropathological alteration by affecting the transport process of nNOS and VIP vesicles via Myosin Va and the function of LMMP inhibitory neurons, and these effects were related to the mechanism of enteric nervous system (ENS) remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Lin Yi
- The Research Center for Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, P. R. China
| | - Zi-Tong Huang
- The Research Center for Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, P. R. China
| | - Lu Liao
- The Research Center for Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Lin Lu
- The Research Center for Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Kang Lin
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410000, Hunan Province, P. R. China
| | - Ying Pei
- The Research Center for Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, P. R. China
| | - Wan-Yu Chen
- The Research Center for Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, P. R. China
| | - Chen Huang
- The Research Center for Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, P. R. China
| | - Hong-Ying Cao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, P. R. China
| | - Bo Tan
- The Research Center for Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, P. R. China
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Jiang T, Niu R, Liu Q, Fu Y, Luo X, Zhang T, Wu B, Han J, Yang Y, Su X, Chen JDZ, Song G, Wei W. Wenshen-Jianpi prescription, a Chinese herbal medicine, improves visceral hypersensitivity in a rat model of IBS-D by regulating the MEK/ERK signal pathway. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:955421. [PMID: 36210803 PMCID: PMC9540386 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.955421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The goal of the study was to analyze whether WJP can alleviate visceral hypersensitivity in IBS-D model rats. In this study, 36 Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats aged 4 weeks old were randomly divided into two groups: the model group (n = 27) and the control group (n = 9). The rat model of IBS-D was established by modified compound methods for 4 weeks. After the modification, IBS-D rats were randomly divided into three groups, namely, the IBS-D model group (n = 9), the positive drug group (n = 9), and the WJP group (n = 9), with different interventions, respectively. The control group was fed and allowed to drink water routinely. The Bristol stool scale scores were used to assess the severity of diarrhea. Abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR) scores were used to assess visceral sensitivity. Expression of TNF-α was measured, and histopathological examinations were performed to assess colon inflammation in IBS-D model rats. Key factors of the MEK/ERK signal pathway in the tissue of the colon and hippocampus were measured to analyze the mechanism of WJP. Compared with the control group, the Bristol stool scale scores in the model group were significantly increased (p < 0.0001). The scores of the WJP group were significantly decreased compared with the model group (p = 0.0001). Compared with the control group, AWR scores in the model group at each pressure level were significantly increased (p = 0.0003, p < 0.0001, p = 0.0007, and p = 0.0009). AWR scores of the WJP group were significantly decreased compared with the model group (p = 0.0003, p = 0.0007, p = 0.0007, and p = 0.0009). Compared with the control group, the model group had significantly higher expression of TNF-α in the colon tissue (p < 0.0001). However, the WJP group had significantly lower level of TNF-α compared with the model group (p < 0.0001). Meanwhile, compared with the control group, the relative expression of the proteins of p-MEK1/2, p-ERK1, and p-ERK2 in the colon tissue was significantly increased in the model group (p < 0.0001). Compared with the model group, the relative expression of the proteins in the colon tissue were significantly decreased in the WJP group (p < 0.0001, p = 0.0019, and p = 0.0013). Compared with the control group, the relative expression of the proteins of p-MEK1/2, p-ERK1, and p-ERK2 in the hippocampus tissue were significantly increased in the model group (p < 0.0001). Compared with the model group, the relative expression of the proteins in the hippocampus tissue were significantly decreased in the WJP group (p = 0.0126, p = 0.0291, and p = 0.0145). The results indicated that WJP can alleviate visceral hypersensitivity in IBS-D model rats, possibly mediated by downregulating the expression of TNF-α, p-MEK1/2, p-ERK1, and p-ERK2 in the colon tissue. At the same time, WJP also affects downregulating the expression of p-MEK1/2, p-ERK1, and p-ERK2 in the hippocampus tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyuan Jiang
- Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Laboratory of Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders Diagnosis and Treatment of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ran Niu
- Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Laboratory of Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders Diagnosis and Treatment of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Laboratory of Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders Diagnosis and Treatment of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yuhan Fu
- Department of Internal Medicine, MetroHealth Medical Center/Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Xiaoying Luo
- Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Laboratory of Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders Diagnosis and Treatment of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Laboratory of Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders Diagnosis and Treatment of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Baoqi Wu
- Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Laboratory of Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders Diagnosis and Treatment of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Han
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Laboratory of Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders Diagnosis and Treatment of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolan Su
- Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Laboratory of Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders Diagnosis and Treatment of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jiande D. Z. Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Gengqing Song
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, MetroHealth Medical Center/Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
- *Correspondence: Gengqing Song, ; Wei Wei,
| | - Wei Wei
- Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Laboratory of Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders Diagnosis and Treatment of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Gengqing Song, ; Wei Wei,
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Hou Y, Zhao Y, Jiang H, Wang K, Zhang W, Zhou S, Li Y, Zheng Q. Maintenance of Intestinal Homeostasis in Diarrhea-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome by Electroacupuncture Through Submucosal Enteric Glial Cell-Derived S-Nitrosoglutathione. Front Physiol 2022; 13:917579. [PMID: 36105292 PMCID: PMC9465678 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.917579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To determine whether electroacupuncture (EA) maintains intestinal homeostasis in diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) rats by repairing intestinal barrier function through enteric glial cell (EGC)-derived S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO). Methods: Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into a control group (n = 10) and an IBS-D group (n = 20). These rats received senna solution by gavage and chronic unpredictable mild stress for 14 days and were further divided into a model group (n = 10) and an EA group (n = 10). Rats in the EA group were electroacupunctured at ST25 (Tianshu), ST36 (Zusanli), and LR3 (Taichong) for 20 min every day for 14 days. The abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR), the percentage of time spent in open arms (OT%) in the elevated plus maze test, and the diarrhea index (DI) were measured. Histopathological examination was performed to evaluate the pathological features of the colon after sacrificing the rats. Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the EGC in the muscle and submucosal layers. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was performed to detect GSNO expression in the colon. Double immunofluorescence labeling was used to detect the colocalized GFAP and GSNO expressions in the muscle and submucosal layers. Plasma FITC-dextran was used to measure intestinal permeability, whereas western blot was used to detect ZO-1 and occludin expressions in the colon. Results: OT% and ZO-1 and occludin expressions were significantly lower than those of the control group, whereas AWR scores, DI, GSNO expression in the colon, colocalized GFAP and GSNO expressions in the submucosal layer, and intestinal permeability were significantly higher than those of the control group. Structural EGC abnormalities were observed in the model group. After EA treatment, OT% and ZO-1 and occludin expressions increased significantly, whereas AWR scores, DI, GSNO expression, colocalized GFAP and GSNO expressions in the submucosal layer, and intestinal permeability decreased significantly. The EGC structure was then restored to its normal state. Conclusion: EA treatment downregulates the submucosal EGC–derived GSNO expressions, repairs the intestinal barrier by upregulating the ZO-1 and occludin expression, and improves IBS-D symptoms, including visceral hypersensitivity, anxiety, and diarrhea, suggesting a potential role for EGC-derived GSNO in the regulation of intestinal homeostasis in IBS-D rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujun Hou
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China
| | - Huiling Jiang
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the People's Hospital of Shifang, Shifang, China
| | - Siyuan Zhou
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Ying Li
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
- *Correspondence: Ying Li, ; Qianhua Zheng,
| | - Qianhua Zheng
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
- *Correspondence: Ying Li, ; Qianhua Zheng,
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Nozu T, Miyagishi S, Ishioh M, Takakusaki K, Okumura T. Peripheral apelin mediates visceral hypersensitivity and impaired gut barrier in a rat irritable bowel syndrome model. Neuropeptides 2022; 94:102248. [PMID: 35526468 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2022.102248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Growing evidence indicates that visceral hypersensitivity and impaired gut barrier play an important role in the pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). In animal models, these changes are known to be mediated via corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF)-Toll like receptor 4 (TLR4)-proinflammatory cytokine signaling. Apelin, an endogenous ligand of APJ, was reported to modulate CRF-induced enhanced colonic motility. In this context, we hypothesized that apelin also modulates visceral sensation and gut barrier, and tested this hypothesis. We measured visceral pain threshold in response to colonic balloon distention by abdominal muscle contractions assessed by electromyogram in rats. Colonic permeability was estimated by quantifying the absorbed Evans blue in colonic tissue. Intraperitoneal (ip) administration of [Ala13]-apelin-13, an APJ antagonist, blocked lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- or CRF-induced visceral hypersensitivity and colonic hyperpermeability (IBS model) in a dose-response manner. These inhibitory effects were blocked by compound C, an AMPK inhibitor, NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, a nitric oxide (NO) synthesis inhibitor or naloxone in the LPS model. On the other hand, ip [Pyr1]-apelin-13, an APJ agonist, caused visceral hypersensitivity and colonic hyperpermeability, and these effects were reversed by astressin, a CRF receptor antagonist, TAK-242, a TLR4 antagonist or anakinra, an interleukin-1 receptor antagonist. APJ system modulated CRF-TLR4-proinflammatory cytokine signaling to cause visceral hypersensitivity and colonic hyperpermeability. APJ antagonist blocked these GI changes in IBS models, which were mediated via AMPK, NO and opioid signaling. Apelin may contribute to the IBS pathophysiology, and the inhibition of apelinergic signaling may be a promising therapeutic option for IBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsukasa Nozu
- Department of Regional Medicine and Education, Asahikawa Medical University, 2-1-1-1 Midorigaoka-Higashi, Asahikawa, Hokkaido 078-8510, Japan; Center for Medical Education, Asahikawa Medical University, 2-1-1-1 Midorigaoka-Higashi, Asahikawa, Hokkaido 078-8510, Japan.
| | - Saori Miyagishi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, 2-1-1-1 Midorigaoka-Higashi, Asahikawa, Hokkaido 078-8510, Japan
| | - Masatomo Ishioh
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, 2-1-1-1 Midorigaoka-Higashi, Asahikawa, Hokkaido 078-8510, Japan
| | - Kaoru Takakusaki
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Physiology, Asahikawa Medical University, 2-1-1-1 Midorigaoka-Higashi, Asahikawa, Hokkaido 078-8510, Japan
| | - Toshikatsu Okumura
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, 2-1-1-1 Midorigaoka-Higashi, Asahikawa, Hokkaido 078-8510, Japan; Department of General Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, 2-1-1-1 Midorigaoka-Higashi, Asahikawa, Hokkaido 078-8510, Japan
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Wu J, Li T, Mao G, Cha X, Fei S, Miao B. The involvement of Pellino-1 downregulation in the modulation of visceral hypersensitivity via the TLR4/NF-κB pathway in the rat fastigial nucleus. Neurosci Lett 2022; 787:136815. [PMID: 35901910 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2022.136815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common functional bowel disorder whose key characteristics include chronic visceral hypersensitivity (CVH) and abnormal brain-gut interactions. Pellino-1 is an E3 ubiquitin ligase, mediating the degradation or modification of targeted proteins. Some brain regions, such as the fastigial nucleus (FN), may play important roles in CVH; however, the molecular mechanism underlying this phenomenon is not clear. In this study, we assessed the roles of Pellino-1 within the FN in modulating VH by generating a colorectal distention (CRD) model in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Our results showed that the downregulation of Pellino-1 in the fastigial nucleus (FN) was involved in the modulation of visceral hypersensitivity. The expression of Pellino-1 was downregulated in the FN of adult CRD rats compared with control rats, whereas TLR4 and NF-κB were upregulated in the CRD model. To overexpress Pellino-1, a lentivirus specifically expressing Pellino-1 and green fluorescent protein was administered into the FN. The overexpression of Pellino-1 increased the visceral sensitivity of CRD rats, and the expression of TLR4 and NF-κB increased further. After administration of TAK-242 (a specific TLR4 inhibitor), the visceral response to overexpression of Pellino-1 was reversed. Overall, the findings indicated the involvement of the FN in the development of CVH; the downregulation of Pellino-1 in the FN acted through the TLR4/NF-κB pathway to protect against CVH in a CRD rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Wu
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, 84 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Tao Li
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, 84 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Guangtong Mao
- Department of Pathology, Xinyi People's Hospital, 16 Renmin Road, Xinyi 221400, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiuli Cha
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, 84 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Sujuan Fei
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, 84 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China; Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Bei Miao
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, 84 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China; Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Hu XF, Zhang H, Yu LL, Ge WQ, Zhan-mu OY, Li YZ, Chen C, Hou TF, Xiang HC, Li YH, Su YS, Jing XH, Cao J, Pan HL, He W, Li M. Electroacupuncture Reduces Anxiety Associated With Inflammatory Bowel Disease By Acting on Cannabinoid CB1 Receptors in the Ventral Hippocampus in Mice. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:919553. [PMID: 35873560 PMCID: PMC9305710 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.919553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic effects of electroacupuncture (EA) on the comorbidity of visceral pain and anxiety in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is well known. It has been known that the ventral hippocampus (vHPC) and the cannabinoid type 1 receptors (CB1R) are involved in regulating anxiety and pain. Therefore, in this study, we determined whether EA reduces visceral pain and IBD-induced anxiety via CB1R in the vHPC. We found that EA alleviated visceral hyperalgesia and anxiety in TNBS-treated IBD mice. EA reversed over-expression of CB1R in IBD mice and decreased the percentage of CB1R-expressed GABAergic neurons in the vHPC. Ablating CB1R of GABAergic neurons in the vHPC alleviated anxiety in TNBS-treated mice and mimicked the anxiolytic effect of EA. While ablating CB1R in glutamatergic neurons in the vHPC induced severe anxiety in wild type mice and inhibited the anxiolytic effect of EA. However, ablating CB1R in either GABAergic or glutamatergic neurons in the vHPC did not alter visceral pain. In conclusion, we found CB1R in both GABAergic neurons and glutamatergic neurons are involved in the inhibitory effect of EA on anxiety but not visceral pain in IBD mice. EA may exert anxiolytic effect via downregulating CB1R in GABAergic neurons and activating CB1R in glutamatergic neurons in the vHPC, thus reducing the release of glutamate and inhibiting the anxiety circuit related to vHPC. Thus, our study provides new information about the cellular and molecular mechanisms of the therapeutic effect of EA on anxiety induced by IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Fei Hu
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ling-Ling Yu
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wen-Qiang Ge
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ou-Yang Zhan-mu
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan-Zhen Li
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Teng-Fei Hou
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong-Chun Xiang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuan-Heng Li
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yang-Shuai Su
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences (CACMS), Beijing, China
| | - Xiang-Hong Jing
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences (CACMS), Beijing, China
| | - Jie Cao
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui-Lin Pan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Wei He
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences (CACMS), Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Wei He, ; Man Li,
| | - Man Li
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Wei He, ; Man Li,
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NUCB2/Nesfatin-1 Regulation of Chronic Visceral Hyperalgesia. Appl Bionics Biomech 2022; 2022:4079533. [PMID: 35847627 PMCID: PMC9286992 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4079533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective We previously described that different concentration Nucleobindin-2 (NUCB2)/Nesfatin-1 gradients differently regulated visceral hypersensitivity in irritable bowel syndrome. Therefore, this study is aimed at evaluating the effect of NUCB2/Nesfatin-1 on model rats with chronic visceral hyperalgesia. Methods Neonatal and mature Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the healthy control and chronic visceral hyperalgesia model groups. The model was built by combining maternal separation with the acetic acid enema. The models were identified by the distension volume threshold to reach abdominal withdraw reflex (AWR) score = 3, histological staining, and myeloperoxidase (MPO) detection. The visceral sensitivity to chronic visceral hyperalgesia was then evaluated. Result Rats in the model group responded more strongly to pulling stimulation than healthy controls; the distension volume threshold causing AWR3 response in model rats was lower than the control group before NUCB2/Nesfatin-1 intervention. After intervention, the distension volume threshold was significantly lower in the NUCB2/Nesfatin-1 central intervention group than in the NUCB2/Nesfatin-1 peripheral intervention group, and the peak value of external oblique muscle electrical activity was significantly higher. Additionally, compared with the male intervention group, in the female intervention group, the volume threshold was significantly lower and the peak value was higher. Conclusion NUCB2/Nesfatin-1 could regulate visceral sensitivity in chronic visceral hyperalgesia model rats; its regulatory effect correlated with the type of NUCB2/Nesfatin-1 intervention approaches (central or peripheral) and sex (male or female).
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