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El Osmani N, Prévostel C, Picque Lasorsa L, El Harakeh M, Radwan Z, Mawlawi H, El Sabban M, Shirinian M, Dassouki Z. Vitamin C enhances co-localization of novel TET1 nuclear bodies with both Cajal and PML bodies in colorectal cancer cells. Epigenetics 2024; 19:2337142. [PMID: 38583183 PMCID: PMC11000620 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2024.2337142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Deregulation of ten-eleven Translocation protein 1 (TET1) is commonly reported to induce imbalances in gene expression and subsequently to colorectal cancer development (CRC). On the other hand, vitamin C (VitC) improves the prognosis of colorectal cancer by reprogramming the cancer epigenome and limiting chemotherapeutic drug resistance events. In this study, we aimed to characterize TET1-specific subcellular compartments and evaluate the effect of VitC on TET1 compartmentalization in colonic tumour cells. We demonstrated that TET1 is concentrated in coarse nuclear bodies (NB) and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) in foci in colorectal cancer cells (HCT116, Caco-2, and HT-29). To our knowledge, this is the first report of a novel intracellular localization profile of TET1 and its demethylation marker, 5hmC, in CRC cells. Interestingly, we found that TET1-NBs frequently interacted with Cajal bodies, but not with promyelocytic leukaemia (PML) bodies. In addition, we report that VitC treatment of HCT116 cells induces 5hmC foci biogenesis and triggers 5hmC marks to form active complexes with nuclear body components, including both Cajal and PML proteins. Our data highlight novel NB-concentrating TET1 in CRC cells and demonstrate that VitC modulates TET1-NBs' interactions with other nuclear structures. These findings reveal novel TET1-dependent cellular functions and potentially provide new insights for CRC management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nour El Osmani
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Laboratory of Applied Biotechnology (LBA3B), AZM Center for Research in Biotechnology and its Applications, Doctoral School for Sciences and Technology, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Corinne Prévostel
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- INSERM, Montpellier, France
- ICM, Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Laurence Picque Lasorsa
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- INSERM, Montpellier, France
- ICM, Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Mohammad El Harakeh
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Zeina Radwan
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hiba Mawlawi
- Laboratory of Applied Biotechnology (LBA3B), AZM Center for Research in Biotechnology and its Applications, Doctoral School for Sciences and Technology, Tripoli, Lebanon
- Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Marwan El Sabban
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Margret Shirinian
- Department of Experiment Pathology, Immunology, and Microbiology, American University of Beirut, Faculty of Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Zeina Dassouki
- Laboratory of Applied Biotechnology (LBA3B), AZM Center for Research in Biotechnology and its Applications, Doctoral School for Sciences and Technology, Tripoli, Lebanon
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Balamand, Faculty of Health Sciences, Tripoli, Lebanon
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Mecca M, Picerno S, Cortellino S. The Killer's Web: Interconnection between Inflammation, Epigenetics and Nutrition in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2750. [PMID: 38473997 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a key contributor to both the initiation and progression of tumors, and it can be triggered by genetic instability within tumors, as well as by lifestyle and dietary factors. The inflammatory response plays a critical role in the genetic and epigenetic reprogramming of tumor cells, as well as in the cells that comprise the tumor microenvironment. Cells in the microenvironment acquire a phenotype that promotes immune evasion, progression, and metastasis. We will review the mechanisms and pathways involved in the interaction between tumors, inflammation, and nutrition, the limitations of current therapies, and discuss potential future therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisabel Mecca
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico della Basilicata (IRCCS-CROB), 85028 Rionero in Vulture, PZ, Italy
| | - Simona Picerno
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico della Basilicata (IRCCS-CROB), 85028 Rionero in Vulture, PZ, Italy
| | - Salvatore Cortellino
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research, Responsible Research Hospital, 86100 Campobasso, CB, Italy
- Scuola Superiore Meridionale (SSM), Clinical and Translational Oncology, 80138 Naples, NA, Italy
- S.H.R.O. Italia Foundation ETS, 10060 Candiolo, TO, Italy
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Chen W, Sun J, Mao Y, Tang Y, Wang J, Liu Z. Endogenously Gated DNA Walking Machine for Prescreened MicroRNA Detection in Extracellular Vesicles. Anal Chem 2024; 96:2244-2252. [PMID: 38253329 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c05595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Tumor-derived extracellular vesicle (T-EV) microRNAs have been investigated as promising biomarkers in clinical diagnosis as well as disease progression monitoring. However, the expression profiles of microRNA in different tissues vary widely, the precise monitoring of microRNA levels in EVs originating from diseased tissues is susceptible to background interference, thus remains a challenge. Conventional assays require extensive processing, such as EV isolation and even sample lysis, which is both slow and laborious, and the cumbersome pretreatment could spoil the downstream analysis. To address this issue, we developed a generalizable strategy for T-EVs-selective activation and therefore specific amplified microRNA imaging. The conditional signal amplification is established by integrating a traditional DNA walker system with endogenously activated motif to achieve sensitized microRNA imaging in T-EVs. The preorganized endogenous activation with additional sensing criteria narrowed the scope against the complex specimens, and the amplified sensing with reduced off-target signals was supposed to be sensitive to monitor the tiny changes of microRNA expression during the disease course, which holds great potential for accurate diagnosis and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiming Chen
- College of Health Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules (Ministry of Education), Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China
| | - Jiale Sun
- College of Health Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules (Ministry of Education), Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China
| | - Yuqing Mao
- College of Health Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules (Ministry of Education), Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China
| | - Yuhao Tang
- College of Health Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules (Ministry of Education), Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China
| | - Jing Wang
- College of Health Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules (Ministry of Education), Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China
| | - Zhihong Liu
- College of Health Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules (Ministry of Education), Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China
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Park PH, Keith K, Calendo G, Jelinek J, Madzo J, Gharaibeh RZ, Ghosh J, Sapienza C, Jobin C, Issa JPJ. Association between gut microbiota and CpG island methylator phenotype in colorectal cancer. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2363012. [PMID: 38860458 PMCID: PMC11174071 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2363012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The intestinal microbiota is an important environmental factor implicated in CRC development. Intriguingly, modulation of DNA methylation by gut microbiota has been reported in preclinical models, although the relationship between tumor-infiltrating bacteria and CIMP status is currently unexplored. In this study, we investigated tumor-associated bacteria in 203 CRC tumor cases and validated the findings using The Cancer Genome Atlas datasets. We assessed the abundance of Bacteroides fragilis, Escherichia coli, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Klebsiella pneumoniae through qPCR analysis and observed enrichment of all four bacterial species in CRC samples. Notably, except for E. coli, all exhibited significant enrichment in cases of CIMP. This enrichment was primarily driven by a subset of cases distinguished by high levels of these bacteria, which we labeled as "Superhigh". The bacterial Superhigh status showed a significant association with CIMP (odds ratio 3.1, p-value = 0.013) and with MLH1 methylation (odds ratio 4.2, p-value = 0.0025). In TCGA CRC cases (393 tumor and 45 adj. normal), bacterial taxa information was extracted from non-human whole exome sequencing reads, and the bacterial Superhigh status was similarly associated with CIMP (odds ratio 2.9, p < 0.001) and MLH1 methylation (odds ratio 3.5, p < 0.001). Finally, 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing revealed high enrichment of Bergeyella spp. C. concisus, and F. canifelinum in CIMP-Positive tumor cases. Our findings highlight that specific bacterial taxa may influence DNA methylation, particularly in CpG islands, and contribute to the development and progression of CIMP in colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pyoung Hwa Park
- Fels Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Research, Coriell Institute for Medical Research, Camden, NJ, USA
| | - Kelsey Keith
- Fels Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Research, Coriell Institute for Medical Research, Camden, NJ, USA
| | - Gennaro Calendo
- Research, Coriell Institute for Medical Research, Camden, NJ, USA
| | - Jaroslav Jelinek
- Fels Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Research, Coriell Institute for Medical Research, Camden, NJ, USA
- Biomedical Sciences, Cooper Medical School at Rowan University, Camden, NJ, USA
| | - Jozef Madzo
- Fels Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Research, Coriell Institute for Medical Research, Camden, NJ, USA
- Biomedical Sciences, Cooper Medical School at Rowan University, Camden, NJ, USA
| | - Raad Z. Gharaibeh
- Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Jayashri Ghosh
- Fels Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Carmen Sapienza
- Fels Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Christian Jobin
- Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Jean-Pierre J. Issa
- Fels Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Research, Coriell Institute for Medical Research, Camden, NJ, USA
- Biomedical Sciences, Cooper Medical School at Rowan University, Camden, NJ, USA
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Lee SW, Frankston CM, Kim J. Epigenome editing in cancer: Advances and challenges for potential therapeutic options. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 383:191-230. [PMID: 38359969 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2023.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Cancers are diseases caused by genetic and non-genetic environmental factors. Epigenetic alterations, some attributed to non-genetic factors, can lead to cancer development. Epigenetic changes can occur in tumor suppressors or oncogenes, or they may contribute to global cell state changes, making cells abnormal. Recent advances in gene editing technology show potential for cancer treatment. Herein, we will discuss our current knowledge of epigenetic alterations occurring in cancer and epigenetic editing technologies that can be applied to developing therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Won Lee
- Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research Center, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States; Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Connor Mitchell Frankston
- Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research Center, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States; Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Jungsun Kim
- Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research Center, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States; Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States; Cancer Biology Research Program, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States.
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Zhang X, Zhang Y, Wang C, Wang X. TET (Ten-eleven translocation) family proteins: structure, biological functions and applications. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:297. [PMID: 37563110 PMCID: PMC10415333 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01537-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Ten-eleven translocation (TET) family proteins (TETs), specifically, TET1, TET2 and TET3, can modify DNA by oxidizing 5-methylcytosine (5mC) iteratively to yield 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), 5-formylcytosine (5fC), and 5-carboxycytosine (5caC), and then two of these intermediates (5fC and 5caC) can be excised and return to unmethylated cytosines by thymine-DNA glycosylase (TDG)-mediated base excision repair. Because DNA methylation and demethylation play an important role in numerous biological processes, including zygote formation, embryogenesis, spatial learning and immune homeostasis, the regulation of TETs functions is complicated, and dysregulation of their functions is implicated in many diseases such as myeloid malignancies. In addition, recent studies have demonstrated that TET2 is able to catalyze the hydroxymethylation of RNA to perform post-transcriptional regulation. Notably, catalytic-independent functions of TETs in certain biological contexts have been identified, further highlighting their multifunctional roles. Interestingly, by reactivating the expression of selected target genes, accumulated evidences support the potential therapeutic use of TETs-based DNA methylation editing tools in disorders associated with epigenetic silencing. In this review, we summarize recent key findings in TETs functions, activity regulators at various levels, technological advances in the detection of 5hmC, the main TETs oxidative product, and TETs emerging applications in epigenetic editing. Furthermore, we discuss existing challenges and future directions in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinchao Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Chaofu Wang
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
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