1
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Dennison TW, Edgar RD, Payne F, Nayak KM, Ross ADB, Cenier A, Glemas C, Giachero F, Foster AR, Harris R, Kraiczy J, Salvestrini C, Stavrou G, Torrente F, Brook K, Trayers C, Elmentaite R, Youssef G, Tél B, Winton DJ, Skoufou-Papoutsaki N, Adler S, Bufler P, Azabdaftari A, Jenke A, G N, Thomas N, Miele E, Al-Mohammad A, Guarda G, Kugathasan S, Venkateswaran S, Clatworthy MR, Castro-Dopico T, Suchanek O, Strisciuglio C, Gasparetto M, Lee S, Xu X, Bello E, Han N, Zerbino DR, Teichmann SA, Nys J, Heuschkel R, Perrone F, Zilbauer M. Patient-derived organoid biobank identifies epigenetic dysregulation of intestinal epithelial MHC-I as a novel mechanism in severe Crohn's Disease. Gut 2024; 73:1464-1477. [PMID: 38857990 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2024-332043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation (DNAm), have been proposed to play a key role in Crohn's disease (CD) pathogenesis. However, the specific cell types and pathways affected as well as their potential impact on disease phenotype and outcome remain unknown. We set out to investigate the role of intestinal epithelial DNAm in CD pathogenesis. DESIGN We generated 312 intestinal epithelial organoids (IEOs) from mucosal biopsies of 168 patients with CD (n=72), UC (n=23) and healthy controls (n=73). We performed genome-wide molecular profiling including DNAm, bulk as well as single-cell RNA sequencing. Organoids were subjected to gene editing and the functional consequences of DNAm changes evaluated using an organoid-lymphocyte coculture and a nucleotide-binding oligomerisation domain, leucine-rich repeat and CARD domain containing 5 (NLRC5) dextran sulphate sodium (DSS) colitis knock-out mouse model. RESULTS We identified highly stable, CD-associated loss of DNAm at major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class 1 loci including NLRC5 and cognate gene upregulation. Single-cell RNA sequencing of primary mucosal tissue and IEOs confirmed the role of NLRC5 as transcriptional transactivator in the intestinal epithelium. Increased mucosal MHC-I and NLRC5 expression in adult and paediatric patients with CD was validated in additional cohorts and the functional role of MHC-I highlighted by demonstrating a relative protection from DSS-mediated mucosal inflammation in NLRC5-deficient mice. MHC-I DNAm in IEOs showed a significant correlation with CD disease phenotype and outcomes. Application of machine learning approaches enabled the development of a disease prognostic epigenetic molecular signature. CONCLUSIONS Our study has identified epigenetically regulated intestinal epithelial MHC-I as a novel mechanism in CD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas W Dennison
- Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Milner Therapeutics Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Rachel D Edgar
- European Bioinformatics Institute, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK
- Ajmera Transplant Centre, Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Felicity Payne
- Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Komal M Nayak
- Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Alexander D B Ross
- Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- University Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Aurelie Cenier
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Technische Universität München, ZIEL - Institute for Food & Health, Freising, Germany
| | - Claire Glemas
- Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cambridge University Hospitals (CUH), Addenbrooke's, Cambridge, UK
| | - Federica Giachero
- Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cambridge University Hospitals (CUH), Addenbrooke's, Cambridge, UK
| | - April R Foster
- Milner Therapeutics Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, UK
| | - Rebecca Harris
- Milner Therapeutics Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Judith Kraiczy
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Camilla Salvestrini
- Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cambridge University Hospitals (CUH), Addenbrooke's, Cambridge, UK
| | - Georgia Stavrou
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Franco Torrente
- Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cambridge University Hospitals (CUH), Addenbrooke's, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kimberley Brook
- Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cambridge University Hospitals (CUH), Addenbrooke's, Cambridge, UK
| | - Claire Trayers
- Department of Paediatric and Perinatal Pathology, Cambridge University Hospitals (CUH), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Gehad Youssef
- Milner Therapeutics Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Bálint Tél
- Pediatric Center, MTA Center of Excellence, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Douglas James Winton
- Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cancer Research-UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nefeli Skoufou-Papoutsaki
- Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cancer Research-UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sam Adler
- Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cancer Research-UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, UK
| | - Philip Bufler
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Nephrology and Metabolic Diseases, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Aline Azabdaftari
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Nephrology and Metabolic Diseases, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Jenke
- Department of Neonatology and General Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Kassel, Kassel, Germany
- Clinical Molecular Genetics and Epigenetics, Centre for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), HELIOS University Hospital Wuppertal, Witten/Herdecke University, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Natasha G
- Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cambridge University Hospitals (CUH), Addenbrooke's, Cambridge, UK
| | - Natasha Thomas
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Erasmo Miele
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | | | - Greta Guarda
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB), Università della Svizzera italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Subra Kugathasan
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Menna R Clatworthy
- Molecular Immunity Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cellular Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Tomas Castro-Dopico
- Molecular Immunity Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ondrej Suchanek
- Molecular Immunity Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Caterina Strisciuglio
- Department of Woman, Child ad General and Specialistic Surgery, University of Campania " Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Gasparetto
- Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Jenny Lind Children's Hospital, Norwich, UK
| | - Seokjun Lee
- Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Milner Therapeutics Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Xingze Xu
- Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Milner Therapeutics Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Erica Bello
- Milner Therapeutics Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Namshik Han
- Milner Therapeutics Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridge Centre for AI in Medicine, Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Daniel R Zerbino
- European Bioinformatics Institute, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK
| | - Sarah A Teichmann
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, UK
- Cambridge Centre for AI in Medicine, Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Dept Physics/Cavendish Laboratory, Theory of Condensed Matter, JJ Thomson Ave, Cambridge, UK
| | - Josquin Nys
- Bioscience Asthma and Skin Immunity, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Robert Heuschkel
- Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cambridge University Hospitals (CUH), Addenbrooke's, Cambridge, UK
| | - Francesca Perrone
- Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Matthias Zilbauer
- Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cambridge University Hospitals (CUH), Addenbrooke's, Cambridge, UK
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2
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Liu Z, Huang Z, Wang Y, Xiong S, Lin S, He J, Tan J, Liu C, Wu X, Nie J, Huang W, Zhang Y, Zhou L, Mao R. Intestinal strictures in Crohn's disease: An update from 2023. United European Gastroenterol J 2024; 12:802-813. [PMID: 38546434 PMCID: PMC11250166 DOI: 10.1002/ueg2.12568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory disease that leads to intestinal stricture in nearly 35% of cases within 10 years of initial diagnosis. The unknown pathogenesis, lack of universally accepted criteria, and absence of an effective management approach remain unconquered challenges in structuring CD. The pathogenesis of stricturing CD involves intricate interactions between factors such as immune cell dysbiosis, fibroblast activation, and microecology imbalance. New techniques such as single-cell sequencing provide a fresh perspective. Non-invasive diagnostic tools such as serum biomarkers and novel cross-sectional imaging techniques offer a precise understanding of intestinal fibrostenosis. Here, we provide a timely and comprehensive review of the worthy advancements in intestinal strictures in 2023, aiming to dispense cutting-edge information regarding fibrosis and to build a cornerstone for researchers and clinicians to make greater progress in the field of intestinal strictures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zishan Liu
- Department of GastroenterologyThe First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Zhuoyan Huang
- Department of GastroenterologyThe First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of GastroenterologyThe First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Shanshan Xiong
- Department of GastroenterologyThe First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Sinan Lin
- Department of GastroenterologyThe First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Jinshen He
- Department of GastroenterologyThe First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Jinyu Tan
- Department of GastroenterologyThe First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Caiguang Liu
- Department of GastroenterologyThe First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Xiaomin Wu
- Department of GastroenterologyThe First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Jing Nie
- Department of GastroenterologyThe First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Weidong Huang
- Department of GastroenterologyThe First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Yao Zhang
- Department of GastroenterologyRuijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Longyuan Zhou
- Department of GastroenterologyThe First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Ren Mao
- Department of GastroenterologyThe First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
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3
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Wang J, Yang B, Chandra J, Ivanov A, Brown JM, Florian R. Preventing fibrosis in IBD: update on immune pathways and clinical strategies. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2024; 20:727-734. [PMID: 38475672 PMCID: PMC11180587 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2024.2330604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Intestinal fibrosis is a common and serious complication of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) driving stricture formation in Crohn's disease patients and leading to submucosal damage in ulcerative colitis. Recent studies provided novel insights into the role of immune and nonimmune components in the pathogenesis of intestinal fibrosis. Those new findings may accelerate the development of anti-fibrotic treatment in IBD patients. AREAS COVERED This review is designed to cover the recent progress in mechanistic research and therapeutic developments on intestinal fibrosis in IBD patients, including new cell clusters, cytokines, proteins, microbiota, creeping fat, and anti-fibrotic therapies. EXPERT OPINION Due to the previously existing major obstacle of missing consensus on stricture definitions and the absence of clinical trial endpoints, testing of drugs with an anti-fibrotic mechanism is just starting in stricturing Crohn's disease (CD). A biomarker to stratify CD patients at diagnosis without any complications into at-risk populations for future strictures would be highly desirable. Further investigations are needed to identify novel mechanisms of fibrogenesis in the intestine that are targetable and ideally gut specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Immunology, School of Medical Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Immunology, School of Medical Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, China
| | - Jyotsna Chandra
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Andrei Ivanov
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - J. Mark Brown
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Rieder Florian
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Digestive Diseases Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Program for Global Translational Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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4
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Trsan T, Peng V, Krishna C, Ohara TE, Beatty WL, Sudan R, Kanai M, Krishnamoorthy P, Rodrigues PF, Fachi JL, Grajales-Reyes G, Jaeger N, Fitzpatrick JAJ, Cella M, Gilfillan S, Nakata T, Jaiswal A, Stappenbeck TS, Daly MJ, Xavier RJ, Colonna M. The centrosomal protein FGFR1OP controls myosin function in murine intestinal epithelial cells. Dev Cell 2024:S1534-5807(24)00379-4. [PMID: 38942017 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2024.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
Recent advances in human genetics have shed light on the genetic factors contributing to inflammatory diseases, particularly Crohn's disease (CD), a prominent form of inflammatory bowel disease. Certain risk genes associated with CD directly influence cytokine biology and cell-specific communication networks. Current CD therapies primarily rely on anti-inflammatory drugs, which are inconsistently effective and lack strategies for promoting epithelial restoration and mucosal balance. To understand CD's underlying mechanisms, we investigated the link between CD and the FGFR1OP gene, which encodes a centrosome protein. FGFR1OP deletion in mouse intestinal epithelial cells disrupted crypt architecture, resulting in crypt loss, inflammation, and fatality. FGFR1OP insufficiency hindered epithelial resilience during colitis. FGFR1OP was crucial for preserving non-muscle myosin II activity, ensuring the integrity of the actomyosin cytoskeleton and crypt cell adhesion. This role of FGFR1OP suggests that its deficiency in genetically predisposed individuals may reduce epithelial renewal capacity, heightening susceptibility to inflammation and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tihana Trsan
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Vincent Peng
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Chirag Krishna
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology and Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Takahiro E Ohara
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Wandy L Beatty
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Raki Sudan
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Masahiro Kanai
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology and Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Praveen Krishnamoorthy
- Washington University Center for Cellular Imaging, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | | | - Jose L Fachi
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Gary Grajales-Reyes
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Natalia Jaeger
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - James A J Fitzpatrick
- Washington University Center for Cellular Imaging, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Departments of Cell Biology & Physiology and Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Marina Cella
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Susan Gilfillan
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Toru Nakata
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology and Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Alok Jaiswal
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology and Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Thaddeus S Stappenbeck
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Mark J Daly
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Ramnik J Xavier
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology and Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
| | - Marco Colonna
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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Almalla A, Alzain N, Elomaa L, Richter F, Scholz J, Lindner M, Siegmund B, Weinhart M. Hydrogel-Integrated Millifluidic Systems: Advancing the Fabrication of Mucus-Producing Human Intestinal Models. Cells 2024; 13:1080. [PMID: 38994934 PMCID: PMC11240340 DOI: 10.3390/cells13131080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The luminal surface of the intestinal epithelium is protected by a vital mucus layer, which is essential for lubrication, hydration, and fostering symbiotic bacterial relationships. Replicating and studying this complex mucus structure in vitro presents considerable challenges. To address this, we developed a hydrogel-integrated millifluidic tissue chamber capable of applying precise apical shear stress to intestinal models cultured on flat or 3D structured hydrogel scaffolds with adjustable stiffness. The chamber is designed to accommodate nine hydrogel scaffolds, 3D-printed as flat disks with a storage modulus matching the physiological range of intestinal tissue stiffness (~3.7 kPa) from bioactive decellularized and methacrylated small intestinal submucosa (dSIS-MA). Computational fluid dynamics simulations were conducted to confirm a laminar flow profile for both flat and 3D villi-comprising scaffolds in the physiologically relevant regime. The system was initially validated with HT29-MTX seeded hydrogel scaffolds, demonstrating accelerated differentiation, increased mucus production, and enhanced 3D organization under shear stress. These characteristic intestinal tissue features are essential for advanced in vitro models as they critically contribute to a functional barrier. Subsequently, the chamber was challenged with human intestinal stem cells (ISCs) from the terminal ileum. Our findings indicate that biomimicking hydrogel scaffolds, in combination with physiological shear stress, promote multi-lineage differentiation, as evidenced by a gene and protein expression analysis of basic markers and the 3D structural organization of ISCs in the absence of chemical differentiation triggers. The quantitative analysis of the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and secreted mucus demonstrates the functional differentiation of the cells into enterocyte and goblet cell lineages. The millifluidic system, which has been developed and optimized for performance and cost efficiency, enables the creation and modulation of advanced intestinal models under biomimicking conditions, including tunable matrix stiffness and varying fluid shear stresses. Moreover, the readily accessible and scalable mucus-producing cellular tissue models permit comprehensive mucus analysis and the investigation of pathogen interactions and penetration, thereby offering the potential to advance our understanding of intestinal mucus in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahed Almalla
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany (N.A.); (L.E.); (F.R.); (J.S.); (M.L.)
| | - Nadra Alzain
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany (N.A.); (L.E.); (F.R.); (J.S.); (M.L.)
- Department of Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases and Rheumatology (Including Nutrition Medicine), Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Laura Elomaa
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany (N.A.); (L.E.); (F.R.); (J.S.); (M.L.)
| | - Fiona Richter
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany (N.A.); (L.E.); (F.R.); (J.S.); (M.L.)
| | - Johanna Scholz
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany (N.A.); (L.E.); (F.R.); (J.S.); (M.L.)
| | - Marcus Lindner
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany (N.A.); (L.E.); (F.R.); (J.S.); (M.L.)
| | - Britta Siegmund
- Department of Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases and Rheumatology (Including Nutrition Medicine), Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Marie Weinhart
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany (N.A.); (L.E.); (F.R.); (J.S.); (M.L.)
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callinstr. 3A, 30167 Hannover, Germany
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6
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McKay DM, Defaye M, Rajeev S, MacNaughton WK, Nasser Y, Sharkey KA. Neuroimmunophysiology of the gastrointestinal tract. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2024; 326:G712-G725. [PMID: 38626403 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00075.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
Gut physiology is the epicenter of a web of internal communication systems (i.e., neural, immune, hormonal) mediated by cell-cell contacts, soluble factors, and external influences, such as the microbiome, diet, and the physical environment. Together these provide the signals that shape enteric homeostasis and, when they go awry, lead to disease. Faced with the seemingly paradoxical tasks of nutrient uptake (digestion) and retarding pathogen invasion (host defense), the gut integrates interactions between a variety of cells and signaling molecules to keep the host nourished and protected from pathogens. When the system fails, the outcome can be acute or chronic disease, often labeled as "idiopathic" in nature (e.g., irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease). Here we underscore the importance of a holistic approach to gut physiology, placing an emphasis on intercellular connectedness, using enteric neuroimmunophysiology as the paradigm. The goal of this opinion piece is to acknowledge the pace of change brought to our field via single-cell and -omic methodologies and other techniques such as cell lineage tracing, transgenic animal models, methods for culturing patient tissue, and advanced imaging. We identify gaps in the field and hope to inspire and challenge colleagues to take up the mantle and advance awareness of the subtleties, intricacies, and nuances of intestinal physiology in health and disease by defining communication pathways between gut resident cells, those recruited from the circulation, and "external" influences such as the central nervous system and the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek M McKay
- Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Gastrointestinal Research Group, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Inflammation Research Network, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Manon Defaye
- Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Gastrointestinal Research Group, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Inflammation Research Network, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Sruthi Rajeev
- Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Gastrointestinal Research Group, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Inflammation Research Network, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Wallace K MacNaughton
- Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Gastrointestinal Research Group, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Inflammation Research Network, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Yasmin Nasser
- Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Gastrointestinal Research Group, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Inflammation Research Network, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Keith A Sharkey
- Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Gastrointestinal Research Group, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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7
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Wang Z, Xie N, Liang X, Shu Q, Hong Y, Shi H, Wang J, Fan D, Liu N, Xu F. Gut mechanoimmunology: Shaping immune response through physical cues. Phys Life Rev 2024; 50:13-26. [PMID: 38821019 DOI: 10.1016/j.plrev.2024.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
The gut immune system embodies a complex interplay between the gut mucosal barrier, the host's immune cells, and gut microbiota. These components exist within a dynamic environment characterized by a variety of physical cues, e.g., compression, tension, shear stress, stiffness, and viscoelasticity. The physical cues can be modified under specific pathological conditions. Given their dynamic nature, comprehending the specific effects of these physical cues on the gut immune system is critical for pathological and therapeutic studies of intestinal immune-related diseases. This review aims to discuss how physical cues influence gut immunology by affecting the gut mucosal barrier, host immune cells, and gut microbiota, defining this concept as gut mechanoimmunology. This review seeks to highlight that an enhanced understanding of gut mechanoimmunology carries therapeutic implications, not only for intestinal diseases but also for extraintestinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ning Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiru Liang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qiuai Shu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yijie Hong
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Haitao Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jinhai Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Daiming Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Na Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, China.
| | - Feng Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
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8
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Lenti MV, Santacroce G, Broglio G, Rossi CM, Di Sabatino A. Recent advances in intestinal fibrosis. Mol Aspects Med 2024; 96:101251. [PMID: 38359700 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2024.101251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Despite many progresses have been made in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease, especially due to the increasing number of effective therapies, the development of tissue fibrosis is a very common occurrence along the natural history of this condition. To a certain extent, fibrogenesis is a physiological and necessary process in all those conditions characterised by chronic inflammation. However, the excessive deposition of extracellular matrix within the bowel wall will end up in the formation of strictures, with the consequent need for surgery. A number of mechanisms have been described in this process, but some of them are not yet clear. For sure, the main trigger is the presence of a persistent inflammatory status within the mucosa, which in turn favours the occurrence of a pro-fibrogenic environment. Among the main key players, myofibroblasts, fibroblasts, immune cells, growth factors and cytokines must be mentioned. Although there are no available therapies able to target fibrosis, the only way to prevent it is by controlling inflammation. In this review, we summarize the state of art of the mechanisms involved in gut fibrogenesis, how to diagnose it, and which potential targets could be druggable to tackle fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Vincenzo Lenti
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Therapeutics, University of Pavia, First Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Santacroce
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Therapeutics, University of Pavia, First Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giacomo Broglio
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Therapeutics, University of Pavia, First Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Carlo Maria Rossi
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Therapeutics, University of Pavia, First Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Antonio Di Sabatino
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Therapeutics, University of Pavia, First Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, Pavia, Italy.
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9
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López-Posadas R, Bagley DC, Pardo-Pastor C, Ortiz-Zapater E. The epithelium takes the stage in asthma and inflammatory bowel diseases. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1258859. [PMID: 38529406 PMCID: PMC10961468 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1258859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The epithelium is a dynamic barrier and the damage to this epithelial layer governs a variety of complex mechanisms involving not only epithelial cells but all resident tissue constituents, including immune and stroma cells. Traditionally, diseases characterized by a damaged epithelium have been considered "immunological diseases," and research efforts aimed at preventing and treating these diseases have primarily focused on immuno-centric therapeutic strategies, that often fail to halt or reverse the natural progression of the disease. In this review, we intend to focus on specific mechanisms driven by the epithelium that ensure barrier function. We will bring asthma and Inflammatory Bowel Diseases into the spotlight, as we believe that these two diseases serve as pertinent examples of epithelium derived pathologies. Finally, we will argue how targeting the epithelium is emerging as a novel therapeutic strategy that holds promise for addressing these chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío López-Posadas
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universtiy Eralngen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dustin C. Bagley
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, New Hunt’s House, School of Basic and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Carlos Pardo-Pastor
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, New Hunt’s House, School of Basic and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elena Ortiz-Zapater
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Instituto Investigación Hospital Clínico-INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
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10
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Liu Y, Huang J, Li S, Li Z, Chen C, Qu G, Chen K, Teng Y, Ma R, Wu X, Ren J. Advancements in hydrogel-based drug delivery systems for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease: a review. Biomater Sci 2024; 12:837-862. [PMID: 38196386 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm01645e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic disorder that affects millions of individuals worldwide. However, current drug therapies for IBD are plagued by significant side effects, low efficacy, and poor patient compliance. Consequently, there is an urgent need for novel therapeutic approaches to alleviate IBD. Hydrogels, three-dimensional networks of hydrophilic polymers with the ability to swell and retain water, have emerged as promising materials for drug delivery in the treatment of IBD due to their biocompatibility, tunability, and responsiveness to various stimuli. In this review, we summarize recent advancements in hydrogel-based drug delivery systems for the treatment of IBD. We first identify three pathophysiological alterations that need to be addressed in the current treatment of IBD: damage to the intestinal mucosal barrier, dysbiosis of intestinal flora, and activation of inflammatory signaling pathways leading to disequilibrium within the intestines. Subsequently, we discuss in depth the processes required to prepare hydrogel drug delivery systems, from the selection of hydrogel materials, types of drugs to be loaded, methods of drug loading and drug release mechanisms to key points in the preparation of hydrogel drug delivery systems. Additionally, we highlight the progress and impact of the hydrogel-based drug delivery system in IBD treatment through regulation of physical barrier immune responses, promotion of mucosal repair, and improvement of gut microbiota. In conclusion, we analyze the challenges of hydrogel-based drug delivery systems in clinical applications for IBD treatment, and propose potential solutions from our perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Liu
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, China.
| | - Jinjian Huang
- Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, China.
| | - Sicheng Li
- Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, China.
| | - Ze Li
- Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, China.
| | - Canwen Chen
- Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, China.
| | - Guiwen Qu
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, China.
| | - Kang Chen
- Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, China.
| | - Yitian Teng
- Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, China.
| | - Rui Ma
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, China.
| | - Xiuwen Wu
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, China.
| | - Jianan Ren
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, China.
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11
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He S, Mierke CT, Sun Y, Eyckmans J, Guo M. Editorial: Mechanobiology of organoid systems. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1369713. [PMID: 38352858 PMCID: PMC10861786 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1369713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shijie He
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Claudia Tanja Mierke
- Faculty of Physics and Earth Science, Peter Debye Institute of Soft Matter Physics, Biological Physics Division, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Yubing Sun
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States
| | - Jeroen Eyckmans
- Kilachand Center for Life Sciences and Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Ming Guo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
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12
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Zhao J, Wang X, Zhu J, Chukwudi C, Finebaum A, Zhang J, Yang S, He S, Saeidi N. PhaseFIT: live-organoid phase-fluorescent image transformation via generative AI. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2023; 12:297. [PMID: 38097545 PMCID: PMC10721831 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-023-01296-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Organoid models have provided a powerful platform for mechanistic investigations into fundamental biological processes involved in the development and function of organs. Despite the potential for image-based phenotypic quantification of organoids, their complex 3D structure, and the time-consuming and labor-intensive nature of immunofluorescent staining present significant challenges. In this work, we developed a virtual painting system, PhaseFIT (phase-fluorescent image transformation) utilizing customized and morphologically rich 2.5D intestinal organoids, which generate virtual fluorescent images for phenotypic quantification via accessible and low-cost organoid phase images. This system is driven by a novel segmentation-informed deep generative model that specializes in segmenting overlap and proximity between objects. The model enables an annotation-free digital transformation from phase-contrast to multi-channel fluorescent images. The virtual painting results of nuclei, secretory cell markers, and stem cells demonstrate that PhaseFIT outperforms the existing deep learning-based stain transformation models by generating fine-grained visual content. We further validated the efficiency and accuracy of PhaseFIT to quantify the impacts of three compounds on crypt formation, cell population, and cell stemness. PhaseFIT is the first deep learning-enabled virtual painting system focused on live organoids, enabling large-scale, informative, and efficient organoid phenotypic quantification. PhaseFIT would enable the use of organoids in high-throughput drug screening applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhan Zhao
- Division of Gastrointestinal and Oncologic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Department of Surgery, Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Xiyue Wang
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China
| | - Junyou Zhu
- Division of Gastrointestinal and Oncologic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Department of Surgery, Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Shriners Hospital for Children-Boston, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Chijioke Chukwudi
- Division of Gastrointestinal and Oncologic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Department of Surgery, Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Shriners Hospital for Children-Boston, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Andrew Finebaum
- Division of Gastrointestinal and Oncologic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Jun Zhang
- Tencent AI Lab, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518057, China
| | - Sen Yang
- Tencent AI Lab, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518057, China
| | - Shijie He
- Division of Gastrointestinal and Oncologic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
- Department of Surgery, Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Shriners Hospital for Children-Boston, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
| | - Nima Saeidi
- Division of Gastrointestinal and Oncologic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
- Department of Surgery, Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Shriners Hospital for Children-Boston, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA.
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13
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Li Y, Jiang W, Zhou X, Long Y, Sun Y, Zeng Y, Yao X. Advances in Regulating Cellular Behavior Using Micropatterns. THE YALE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2023; 96:527-547. [PMID: 38161579 PMCID: PMC10751872 DOI: 10.59249/uxoh1740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Micropatterns, characterized as distinct physical microstructures or chemical adhesion matrices on substance surfaces, have emerged as a powerful tool for manipulating cellular activity. By creating specific extracellular matrix microenvironments, micropatterns can influence various cell behaviors, including orientation, proliferation, migration, and differentiation. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the latest advancements in the use of micropatterns for cell behavior regulation. It discusses the influence of micropattern morphology and coating on cell behavior and the underlying mechanisms. It also highlights future research directions in this field, aiming to inspire new investigations in materials medicine, regenerative medicine, and tissue engineering. The review underscores the potential of micropatterns as a novel approach for controlling cell behavior, which could pave the way for breakthroughs in various biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhou Li
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, West China School
of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu,
P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National
Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral
Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R.
China
| | - Wenli Jiang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, West China School
of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu,
P.R. China
| | - Xintong Zhou
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, West China School
of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu,
P.R. China
| | - Yicen Long
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, West China School
of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu,
P.R. China
| | - Yujia Sun
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, West China School
of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu,
P.R. China
| | - Ye Zeng
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, West China School
of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu,
P.R. China
| | - Xinghong Yao
- Radiation Oncology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,
Department of Radiotherapy, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan
Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital
of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, P.R.
China
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14
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Lei H, Yu D, Xue YB, Li YH, Gong SM, Peng YY, Liu KF, Buratto D, Yang Y, Zhang SS, Wu M, Zhou R, Huang L. Tuft cells utilize taste signaling molecules to respond to the pathobiont microbe Ruminococcus gnavus in the proximal colon. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1259521. [PMID: 37954611 PMCID: PMC10634341 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1259521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuft cells are a type of rare epithelial cells that have been recently found to utilize taste signal transduction pathways to detect and respond to various noxious stimuli and pathogens, including allergens, bacteria, protists and parasitic helminths. It is, however, not fully understood how many different types of pathogens they can sense or what exact molecular mechanisms they employ to initiate targeted responses. In this study, we found that an anaerobic pathobiont microbe, Ruminococcus gnavus (R. gnavus), can induce tuft cell proliferation in the proximal colon whereas the microbe's lysate can stimulate these proximal colonic tuft cells to release interleukin-25 (IL-25). Nullification of the Gng13 and Trpm5 genes that encode the G protein subunit Gγ13 and transient receptor potential ion channel Trpm5, respectively, or application of the Tas2r inhibitor allyl isothiocyanate (AITC), G protein Gβγ subunit inhibitor Gallein or the phospholipase Cβ2 (PLCβ2) inhibitor U73122 reduces R. gnavus-elicited tuft cell proliferation or IL-25 release or both. Furthermore, Gng13 conditional knockout or Trpm5 knockout diminishes the expression of gasdermins C2, C3 and C4, and concomitantly increases the activated forms of caspases 3, 8 and 9 as well as the number of TUNEL-positive apoptotic cells in the proximal colon. Together, our data suggest that taste signal transduction pathways are not only involved in the detection of R. gnavus infection, but also contribute to helping maintain gasdermin expression and prevent apoptotic cell death in the proximal colon, and these findings provide another strategy to combat R. gnavus infection and sheds light on new roles of taste signaling proteins along with gasdermins in protecting the integrity of the proximal colonic epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Lei
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Defu Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yan-Bo Xue
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi-Hong Li
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shi-Meng Gong
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Peng
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kai-Fang Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Damiano Buratto
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang University Shanghai Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai, China
| | - Yisen Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Sai-Sai Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Min Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ruhong Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang University Shanghai Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai, China
| | - Liquan Huang
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang University Shanghai Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai, China
- Monell Chemical Senses Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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15
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Szabó A, Pasquariello R, Costa PF, Pavlovic R, Geurs I, Dewettinck K, Vervaet C, Brevini TAL, Gandolfi F, Van Vlierberghe S. Light-Based 3D Printing of Gelatin-Based Biomaterial Inks to Create a Physiologically Relevant In Vitro Fish Intestinal Model. Macromol Biosci 2023; 23:e2300016. [PMID: 37243584 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202300016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
To provide prominent accessibility of fishmeal to the European population, the currently available, time- and cost-extensive feeding trials, which evaluate fish feed, should be replaced. The current paper reports on the development of a novel 3D culture platform, mimicking the microenvironment of the intestinal mucosa in vitro. The key requirements of the model include sufficient permeability for nutrients and medium-size marker molecules (equilibrium within 24 h), suitable mechanical properties (G' < 10 kPa), and close morphological similarity to the intestinal architecture. To enable processability with light-based 3D printing, a gelatin-methacryloyl-aminoethyl-methacrylate-based biomaterial ink is developed and combined with Tween 20 as porogen to ensure sufficient permeability. To assess the permeability properties of the hydrogels, a static diffusion setup is utilized, indicating that the hydrogel constructs are permeable for a medium size marker molecule (FITC-dextran 4 kg mol-1 ). Moreover, the mechanical evaluation through rheology evidence a physiologically relevant scaffold stiffness (G' = 4.83 ± 0.78 kPa). Digital light processing-based 3D printing of porogen-containing hydrogels results in the creation of constructs exhibiting a physiologically relevant microarchitecture as evidenced through cryo-scanning electron microscopy. Finally, the combination of the scaffolds with a novel rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) intestinal epithelial cell line (RTdi-MI) evidence scaffold biocompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Szabó
- Polymer Chemistry and Biomaterials Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC), Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Rolando Pasquariello
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Milan, Via Domenico Trentacoste, Milan, 2-20134, Italy
| | - Pedro F Costa
- Biofabics Lda, Rua do Campo Lindo 168, Porto, 4200-143, Portugal
| | - Radmila Pavlovic
- Protemoics and Metabolomics Facility (ProMeFa), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, Milan, 20132, Italy
| | - Indi Geurs
- Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Food Structure & Function Research Group, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, Gent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Koen Dewettinck
- Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Food Structure & Function Research Group, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, Gent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Chris Vervaet
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Tiziana A L Brevini
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Laboratory of Biomedical Embryology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Dell'Università 6, Lodi, 26900, Italy
| | - Fulvio Gandolfi
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Milan, Via Domenico Trentacoste, Milan, 2-20134, Italy
| | - Sandra Van Vlierberghe
- Polymer Chemistry and Biomaterials Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC), Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
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16
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An Y, Wang C, Fan B, Wang Z, Li Y, Kong F, Zhou C, Cao Z, Wang M, Sun H, Zhao S, Gong Y. LSR targets YAP to modulate intestinal Paneth cell differentiation. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113118. [PMID: 37703178 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipolysis-stimulated lipoprotein receptor (LSR) is a multi-functional protein that is best known for its roles in assembly of epithelial tricellular tight junctions and hepatic clearance of lipoproteins. Here, we investigated whether LSR contributes to intestinal epithelium homeostasis and pathogenesis of intestinal disease. By using multiple conditional deletion mouse models and ex vivo cultured organoids, we find that LSR elimination in intestinal stem cells results in the disappearance of Paneth cells without affecting the differentiation of other cell lineages. Mechanistic studies reveal that LSR deficiency increases abundance of YAP by modulating its phosphorylation and proteasomal degradation. Using gain- and loss-of-function studies, we show that LSR protects against necrotizing enterocolitis through enhancement of Paneth cell differentiation in small-intestinal epithelium. Thus, this study identifies LSR as an upstream negative regulator of YAP activity, an essential factor for Paneth cell differentiation, and a potential therapeutic target for necrotizing enterocolitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan An
- Department of Physiology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China; Shandong Engineering Research Center of Molecular Medicine for Renal Diseases, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Baozhen Fan
- Department of Urology, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Ziqi Wang
- Department of Physiology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Physiology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Feng Kong
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Urologic Tissue Reconstruction, Jinan, Shandong, China; Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China; Department of Central Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Chengjun Zhou
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhang Cao
- Department of Pathology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Mingxia Wang
- Department of Physiology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Hui Sun
- Department of Physiology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Shengtian Zhao
- Department of Urology, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Urologic Tissue Reconstruction, Jinan, Shandong, China; Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Yongfeng Gong
- Department of Physiology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China; Shandong Engineering Research Center of Molecular Medicine for Renal Diseases, Yantai, Shandong, China.
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17
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Du LK, Zheng L, Duan SL. Research of regulatory effect of spleen-strengthening therapy on endoplasmic reticulum stress in inflammatory bowel disease with intestinal fibrosis based on "spleen deficiency and endoplasmic reticulum stress" theory. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2023; 31:666-670. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v31.i16.666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal fibrosis is one of the common complications of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of fibrosis. The ER is the largest membrane network structure in the cell, which is mainly involved in the anabolism of proteins. Governing transportation and transformation is the normal physiological function of the spleen, and spleen deficiency leads to the failure of transporting the fine water and valley, resulting in dampness-heat, phlegm turbidness, blood stasis and other pathological products obstructed in the intestine, intestinal wall thickening, and even intestinal cavity stenosis and obstruction, thus inducing the development of IBD. Physiologically, the spleen and ER have a certain correlation. Pathologically, spleen deficiency is the essence of ER stress and the core pathological link of IBD intestinal fibrosis. Therefore, spleen-strengthening therapy is helpful to improve the metabolic function of the ER. Exploring the regulation of ER stress and restoration of ER homeostasis by spleen-strengthening therapy based on the "spleen deficiency-ER stress" theory is of great significance for studying and treating IBD intestinal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Ke Du
- Shaanxi Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi 'an 710003, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Lie Zheng
- Shaanxi Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi 'an 710003, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Sheng-Lei Duan
- Shaanxi Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi 'an 710003, Shaanxi Province, China
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18
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He J, Xie X, Xiao Z, Qian W, Zhang L, Hou X. Piezo1 in Digestive System Function and Dysfunction. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12953. [PMID: 37629134 PMCID: PMC10454946 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Piezo1, a non-selective cation channel directly activated by mechanical forces, is widely expressed in the digestive system and participates in biological functions physiologically and pathologically. In this review, we summarized the latest insights on Piezo1's cellular effect across the entire digestive system, and discussed the role of Piezo1 in various aspects including ingestion and digestion, material metabolism, enteric nervous system, intestinal barrier, and inflammatory response within digestive system. The goal of this comprehensive review is to provide a solid foundation for future research about Piezo1 in digestive system physiologically and pathologically.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; (J.H.); (X.X.); (Z.X.); (W.Q.)
| | - Xiaohua Hou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; (J.H.); (X.X.); (Z.X.); (W.Q.)
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19
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Hinnant T, Ning W, Lechler T. Compartment specific responses to contractility in the small intestinal epithelium. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.07.552224. [PMID: 37609300 PMCID: PMC10441304 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.07.552224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Tissues are subject to multiple mechanical inputs at the cellular level that influence their overall shape and function. In the small intestine, actomyosin contractility can be induced by many physiological and pathological inputs. However, we have little understanding of how contractility impacts the intestinal epithelium on a cellular and tissue level. In this study, we probed the cell and tissue-level effects of contractility by using mouse models to genetically increase the level of myosin activity in the two distinct morphologic compartments of the intestinal epithelium, the crypts and villi. We found that increased contractility in the villar compartment caused shape changes in the cells that expressed the transgene and their immediate neighbors. While there were no discernable effects on villar architecture, even low levels of transgene induction in the villi caused non-cell autonomous hyperproliferation of the transit amplifying cells in the crypt, driving increased cell flux through the crypt-villar axis. In contrast, induction of increased contractility in the proliferating cells of the crypts resulted in nuclear deformations, DNA damage, and apoptosis. This study reveals the complex and diverse responses of different intestinal epithelial cells to contractility and provides important insight into mechanical regulation of intestinal physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor Hinnant
- Department of Dermatology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710 USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710 USA
| | - Wenxiu Ning
- Department of Dermatology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710 USA
- Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Terry Lechler
- Department of Dermatology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710 USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710 USA
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