1
|
Molinar-Inglis O, DiCarlo AL, Lapinskas PJ, Rios CI, Satyamitra MM, Silverman TA, Winters TA, Cassatt DR. Radiation-induced multi-organ injury. Int J Radiat Biol 2024; 100:486-504. [PMID: 38166195 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2023.2295298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Natural history studies have been informative in dissecting radiation injury, isolating its effects, and compartmentalizing injury based on the extent of exposure and the elapsed time post-irradiation. Although radiation injury models are useful for investigating the mechanism of action in isolated subsyndromes and development of medical countermeasures (MCMs), it is clear that ionizing radiation exposure leads to multi-organ injury (MOI). METHODS The Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program within the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases partnered with the Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority to convene a virtual two-day meeting titled 'Radiation-Induced Multi-Organ Injury' on June 7-8, 2022. Invited subject matter experts presented their research findings in MOI, including study of mechanisms and possible MCMs to address complex radiation-induced injuries. RESULTS This workshop report summarizes key information from each presentation and discussion by the speakers and audience participants. CONCLUSIONS Understanding the mechanisms that lead to radiation-induced MOI is critical to advancing candidate MCMs that could mitigate the injury and reduce associated morbidity and mortality. The observation that some of these mechanisms associated with MOI include systemic injuries, such as inflammation and vascular damage, suggests that MCMs that address systemic pathways could be effective against multiple organ systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Molinar-Inglis
- Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program (RNCP), Division of Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation (DAIT), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Andrea L DiCarlo
- Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program (RNCP), Division of Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation (DAIT), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Paula J Lapinskas
- Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA), Administration for Strategic Preparedness and Response (ASPR), Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), Washington, DC, USA
| | - Carmen I Rios
- Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program (RNCP), Division of Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation (DAIT), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Merriline M Satyamitra
- Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program (RNCP), Division of Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation (DAIT), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Toby A Silverman
- Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA), Administration for Strategic Preparedness and Response (ASPR), Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), Washington, DC, USA
| | - Thomas A Winters
- Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program (RNCP), Division of Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation (DAIT), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD, USA
| | - David R Cassatt
- Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program (RNCP), Division of Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation (DAIT), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Miao D, Zhao J, Han Y, Zhou J, Li X, Zhang T, Li W, Xia Y. Management of locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer: State of the art and future directions. Cancer Commun (Lond) 2024; 44:23-46. [PMID: 37985191 PMCID: PMC10794016 DOI: 10.1002/cac2.12505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the second most common and the deadliest type of cancer worldwide. Clinically, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common pathological type of lung cancer; approximately one-third of affected patients have locally advanced NSCLC (LA-NSCLC, stage III NSCLC) at diagnosis. Because of its heterogeneity, LA-NSCLC often requires multidisciplinary assessment. Moreover, the prognosis of affected patients is much below satisfaction, and the efficacy of traditional therapeutic strategies has reached a plateau. With the emergence of targeted therapies and immunotherapies, as well as the continuous development of novel radiotherapies, we have entered an era of novel treatment paradigm for LA-NSCLC. Here, we reviewed the landscape of relevant therapeutic modalities, including adjuvant, neoadjuvant, and perioperative targeted and immune strategies in patients with resectable LA-NSCLC with/without oncogenic alterations; as well as novel combinations of chemoradiation and immunotherapy/targeted therapy in unresectable LA-NSCLC. We addressed the unresolved challenges that remain in the field, and examined future directions to optimize clinical management and increase the cure rate of LA-NSCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Da Miao
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease of Zhejiang ProvinceDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineSecond Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiangP. R. China
- Department of OncologyShaoxing Second HospitalShaoxingZhejiangP. R. China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Medical OncologySecond Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiangP. R. China
| | - Ying Han
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease of Zhejiang ProvinceDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineSecond Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiangP. R. China
- Department of ChemoradiotherapyThe Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo UniversityNingboZhejiangP. R. China
| | - Jiaqi Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease of Zhejiang ProvinceDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineSecond Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiangP. R. China
- Key Discipline of Jiaxing Respiratory Medicine Construction ProjectJiaxing Key Laboratory of Precision Treatment for Lung CancerAffiliated Hospital of Jiaxing UniversityJiaxingZhejiangP. R. China
| | - Xiuzhen Li
- Department of PathologySecond Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiangP. R. China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Radiation OncologySecond Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiangP. R. China
| | - Wen Li
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease of Zhejiang ProvinceDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineSecond Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiangP. R. China
- Cancer CenterZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangP. R. China
| | - Yang Xia
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease of Zhejiang ProvinceDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineSecond Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiangP. R. China
- Cancer CenterZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangP. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Satyamitra MM, Andres DK, Bergmann JN, Hoffman CM, Hogdahl T, Homer MJ, Hu TC, Rios CI, Yeung DT, DiCarlo AL. Overlapping Science in Radiation and Sulfur Mustard Exposures of Skin and Lung: Consideration of Models, Mechanisms, Organ Systems, and Medical Countermeasures: Overlapping science in radiation and sulfur mustard injuries to lung and skin. Disaster Med Public Health Prep 2023; 17:e552. [PMID: 37852927 PMCID: PMC10843005 DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2023.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To summarize presentations and discussions from the 2022 trans-agency workshop titled "Overlapping science in radiation and sulfur mustard (SM) exposures of skin and lung: Consideration of models, mechanisms, organ systems, and medical countermeasures." METHODS Summary on topics includes: (1) an overview of the radiation and chemical countermeasure development programs and missions; (2) regulatory and industry perspectives for drugs and devices; 3) pathophysiology of skin and lung following radiation or SM exposure; 4) mechanisms of action/targets, biomarkers of injury; and 5) animal models that simulate anticipated clinical responses. RESULTS There are striking similarities between injuries caused by radiation and SM exposures. Primary outcomes from both types of exposure include acute injuries, while late complications comprise chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, and vascular dysfunction, which can culminate in fibrosis in both skin and lung organ systems. This workshop brought together academic and industrial researchers, medical practitioners, US Government program officials, and regulators to discuss lung-, and skin- specific animal models and biomarkers, novel pathways of injury and recovery, and paths to licensure for products to address radiation or SM injuries. CONCLUSIONS Regular communications between the radiological and chemical injury research communities can enhance the state-of-the-science, provide a unique perspective on novel therapeutic strategies, and improve overall US Government emergency preparedness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Merriline M. Satyamitra
- Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program (RNCP), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH)
| | | | - Julie N. Bergmann
- Radiological/Nuclear Medical Countermeasures Program, Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA)
| | - Corey M. Hoffman
- Radiological/Nuclear Medical Countermeasures Program, Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA)
| | | | - Mary J. Homer
- Radiological/Nuclear Medical Countermeasures Program, Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA)
| | - Tom C. Hu
- Chemical Medical Countermeasures Program, BARDA
| | - Carmen I. Rios
- Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program (RNCP), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH)
| | - David T. Yeung
- Chemical Countermeasures Research Program (CCRP), NIAID, NIH
| | - Andrea L. DiCarlo
- Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program (RNCP), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Rimner A, Moore ZR, Lobaugh S, Geyer A, Gelblum DY, Abdulnour REE, Shepherd AF, Shaverdian N, Wu AJ, Cuaron J, Chaft JE, Zauderer MG, Eng J, Riely GJ, Rudin CM, Vander Els N, Chawla M, McCune M, Li H, Jones DR, Sopka DM, Simone CB, Mak R, Weinhouse GL, Liao Z, Gomez DR, Zhang Z, Paik PK. Randomized Phase 2 Placebo-Controlled Trial of Nintedanib for the Treatment of Radiation Pneumonitis. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 116:1091-1099. [PMID: 36889516 PMCID: PMC10751877 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Radiation pneumonitis (RP) is the most common dose-limiting toxicity for thoracic radiation therapy. Nintedanib is used for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, which shares pathophysiological pathways with the subacute phase of RP. Our goal was to investigate the efficacy and safety of nintedanib added to a prednisone taper compared with a prednisone taper alone in reducing pulmonary exacerbations in patients with grade 2 or higher (G2+) RP. METHODS AND MATERIALS In this phase 2, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial, patients with newly diagnosed G2+ RP were randomized 1:1 to nintedanib or placebo in addition to a standard 8-week prednisone taper. The primary endpoint was freedom from pulmonary exacerbations at 1 year. Secondary endpoints included patient-reported outcomes and pulmonary function tests. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to estimate the probability of freedom from pulmonary exacerbations. The study was closed early due to slow accrual. RESULTS Thirty-four patients were enrolled between October 2015 and February 2020. Of 30 evaluable patients, 18 were randomized to the experimental Arm A (nintedanib + prednisone taper) and 12 to the control Arm B (placebo + prednisone taper). Freedom from exacerbation at 1 year was 72% (confidence interval, 54%-96%) in Arm A and 40% (confidence interval, 20%-82%) in Arm B (1-sided, P = .037). In Arm A, there were 16 G2+ adverse events possibly or probably related to treatment compared with 5 in the placebo arm. There were 3 deaths during the study period in Arm A due to cardiac failure, progressive respiratory failure, and pulmonary embolism. CONCLUSIONS There was an improvement in pulmonary exacerbations by the addition of nintedanib to a prednisone taper. Further investigation is warranted for the use of nintedanib for the treatment of RP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Rimner
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York, NY, USA
| | - Zachary R. Moore
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York, NY, USA
| | - Stephanie Lobaugh
- Department of Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York, NY, USA
| | - Alexander Geyer
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center New York, NY, USA
| | - Daphna Y. Gelblum
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York, NY, USA
| | - Raja-Elie E. Abdulnour
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Brigham and Women’s Hospital/Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Boston, MA, USA
| | - Annemarie F. Shepherd
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York, NY, USA
| | - Narek Shaverdian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York, NY, USA
| | - Abraham J. Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York, NY, USA
| | - John Cuaron
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York, NY, USA
| | - Jamie E. Chaft
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center New York, NY, USA
| | - Marjorie G. Zauderer
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center New York, NY, USA
| | - Juliana Eng
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York, NY, USA
| | - Gregory J. Riely
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center New York, NY, USA
| | - Charles M. Rudin
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center New York, NY, USA
| | - Nicholas Vander Els
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center New York, NY, USA
| | - Mohit Chawla
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center New York, NY, USA
| | - Megan McCune
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York, NY, USA
| | - Henry Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York, NY, USA
| | - David R. Jones
- Department of Surgery Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York, NY, USA
| | - Dennis M. Sopka
- Department of Radiation Oncology Lehigh Valley Health Network, MSK Alliance Allentown, PA, USA
| | - Charles B. Simone
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York, NY, USA
| | - Raymond Mak
- Department of Radiation Oncology Brigham and Women’s Hospital/Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gerald L. Weinhouse
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Brigham and Women’s Hospital/Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zhongxing Liao
- Department of Radiation Oncology MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston, TX, USA
| | - Daniel R. Gomez
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York, NY, USA
| | - Zhigang Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York, NY, USA
| | - Paul K. Paik
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Huang JW, Lin YH, Chang GC, Chen JJW. A novel tool to evaluate and quantify radiation pneumonitis: A retrospective analysis of correlation of dosimetric parameters with volume of pneumonia patch. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1130406. [PMID: 36994217 PMCID: PMC10040686 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1130406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
IntroductionIn lung cancer, radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) or radiation pneumonitis (RP) are major concerns after radiotherapy. We investigated the correlation between volumes of RP lesions and their RP grades after radiotherapy.Methods and materialsWe retrospectively collected data from patients with non-small lung cancer that received curative doses to the thorax without undergoing chest radiotherapy before this treatment course. The post-treatment computed tomography (CT) image was used to register to the planning CT to evaluate the correlation between dosimetric parameters and volume of pneumonia patch by using deformable image registration.ResultsFrom January 1, 2019, to December 30, 2020, 71 patients with non-small cell lung cancer with 169 sets of CT images met our criteria for evaluation. In all patient groups, we found the RPv max and RP grade max to be significant (p<0.001). Some parameters that were related to the dose-volume histogram (DVH) and RP were lung Vx (x=1-66 Gy, percentage of lung volume received ≥x Gy), and mean lung dose. Comparing these parameters of the DVH with RP grade max showed that the mean lung dose and lung V1–V31 were significantly correlated. The cut-off point for the occurrence of symptoms in all patient groups, the RPv max value, was 4.79%, while the area under the curve was 0.779. In the groups with grades 1 and 2 RP, the dose curve of 26 Gy covered ≥80% of RP lesions in >80% of patients. Patients who had radiotherapy in combination with chemotherapy had significantly shorter locoregional progression-free survival (p=0.049) than patients who received radiation therapy in combination with target therapy. Patients with RPv max >4.79% demonstrated better OS (p=0.082).ConclusionThe percentage of RP lesion volume to total lung volume is a good indicator for quantifying RP. RP lesions can be projected onto the original radiation therapy plan using coverage of the 26 Gy isodose line to determine whether the lesion is RILI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Wen Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hui Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Gee-Chen Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Gee-Chen Chang, ; Jeremy J. W. Chen,
| | - Jeremy J. W. Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Gee-Chen Chang, ; Jeremy J. W. Chen,
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yuan M, Zhao M, Sun X, Hui Z. The mapping of mRNA alterations elucidates the etiology of radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Front Genet 2022; 13:999127. [DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.999127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The etiology of radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis is not clearly understood yet, and effective interventions are still lacking. This study aimed to identify genes responsive to irradiation and compare the genome expression between the normal lung tissues and irradiated ones, using a radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis mouse model. We also aimed to map the mRNA alterations as a predictive model and a potential mode of intervention for radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Thirty C57BL/6 mice were exposed to a single dose of 16 Gy or 20 Gy thoracic irradiation, to establish a mouse model of radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Lung tissues were harvested at 3 and 6 months after irradiation, for histological identification. Global gene expression in lung tissues was assessed by RNA sequencing. Differentially expressed genes were identified and subjected to functional and pathway enrichment analysis. Immune cell infiltration was evaluated using the CIBERSORT software. Three months after irradiation, 317 mRNAs were upregulated and 254 mRNAs were downregulated significantly in the low-dose irradiation (16 Gy) group. In total, 203 mRNAs were upregulated and 149 were downregulated significantly in the high-dose irradiation (20 Gy) group. Six months after radiation, 651 mRNAs were upregulated and 131 were downregulated significantly in the low-dose irradiation group. A total of 106 mRNAs were upregulated and 4 downregulated significantly in the high-dose irradiation group. Several functions and pathways, including angiogenesis, epithelial cell proliferation, extracellular matrix, complement and coagulation cascades, cellular senescence, myeloid leukocyte activation, regulation of lymphocyte activation, mononuclear cell proliferation, immunoglobulin binding, and the TNF, NOD-like receptor, and HIF-1 signaling pathways were significantly enriched in the irradiation groups, based on the differentially expressed genes. Irradiation-responsive genes were identified. The differentially expressed genes were mainly associated with cellular metabolism, epithelial cell proliferation, cell injury, and immune cell activation and regulation.
Collapse
|
7
|
Anticancer activity of silver nanoparticles from the aqueous extract of Dictyota ciliolata on non-small cell lung cancer cells. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
|
8
|
Zhao YP, Long Y. Pulmonary toxicity in driver gene positive non-small cell lung cancer therapy. Curr Med Res Opin 2022; 38:1369-1378. [PMID: 35656938 DOI: 10.1080/03007995.2022.2085964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Molecular targeted therapy significantly improved the therapeutic efficacy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with driver gene mutations but also with new toxicity profiles. Although most patients treated with these drugs developed relatively controllable toxicity, significant pulmonary toxicity events, including interstitial lung disease, occurred in a small proportion of patients and can lead to discontinuation or even be life-threatening. Pulmonary toxicity associated with these anti-tumor drugs is a problem that cannot be ignored in clinical practice. The prompt diagnosis of drug-related lung injury and the consequent differential diagnosis with other forms of pulmonary disease are critical in the management of pulmonary toxicity. Current knowledge of the pathophysiology and management of pulmonary toxicity associated with these targeted drugs is limited, and participants should be able to identify and respond to the development of drug-induced pulmonary toxicity. This review offers information about the potential pathogenesis, risk factors and management for the development of these events based on the available literature. This review focused on pulmonary toxicities in driver gene-positive NSCLC therapy by describing the related adverse events to promote the awareness and management of this important toxicity related to antitumor-targeted therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Pu Zhao
- Endoscopic Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yong Long
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hinton T, Karnak D, Tang M, Jiang R, Luo Y, Boonstra P, Sun Y, Nancarrow DJ, Sandford E, Ray P, Maurino C, Matuszak M, Schipper MJ, Green MD, Yanik GA, Tewari M, Naqa IE, Schonewolf CA, Haken RT, Jolly S, Lawrence TS, Ray D. Improved prediction of radiation pneumonitis by combining biological and radiobiological parameters using a data-driven Bayesian network analysis. Transl Oncol 2022; 21:101428. [PMID: 35460942 PMCID: PMC9046881 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2022.101428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Grade 2 and higher radiation pneumonitis (RP2) is a potentially fatal toxicity that limits efficacy of radiation therapy (RT). We wished to identify a combined biomarker signature of circulating miRNAs and cytokines which, along with radiobiological and clinical parameters, may better predict a targetable RP2 pathway. In a prospective clinical trial of response-adapted RT for patients (n = 39) with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer, we analyzed patients' plasma, collected pre- and during RT, for microRNAs (miRNAs) and cytokines using array and multiplex enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. Interactions between candidate biomarkers, radiobiological, and clinical parameters were analyzed using data-driven Bayesian network (DD-BN) analysis. We identified alterations in specific miRNAs (miR-532, -99b and -495, let-7c, -451 and -139-3p) correlating with lung toxicity. High levels of soluble tumor necrosis factor alpha receptor 1 (sTNFR1) were detected in a majority of lung cancer patients. However, among RP patients, within 2 weeks of RT initiation, we noted a trend of temporary decline in sTNFR1 (a physiological scavenger of TNFα) and ADAM17 (a shedding protease that cleaves both membrane-bound TNFα and TNFR1) levels. Cytokine signature identified activation of inflammatory pathway. Using DD-BN we combined miRNA and cytokine data along with generalized equivalent uniform dose (gEUD) to identify pathways with better accuracy of predicting RP2 as compared to either miRNA or cytokines alone. This signature suggests that activation of the TNFα-NFκB inflammatory pathway plays a key role in RP which could be specifically ameliorated by etanercept rather than current therapy of non-specific leukotoxic corticosteroids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tonaye Hinton
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical School, The University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2026, USA
| | - David Karnak
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical School, The University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2026, USA
| | - Ming Tang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical School, The University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2026, USA; Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ralph Jiang
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yi Luo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical School, The University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2026, USA
| | - Philip Boonstra
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yilun Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical School, The University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2026, USA; Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Derek J Nancarrow
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Erin Sandford
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Cancer Institute/Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Paramita Ray
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical School, The University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2026, USA
| | - Christopher Maurino
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical School, The University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2026, USA
| | - Martha Matuszak
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical School, The University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2026, USA
| | - Matthew J Schipper
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical School, The University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2026, USA; Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Michael D Green
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical School, The University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2026, USA
| | - Gregory A Yanik
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Cancer Institute/Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Muneesh Tewari
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Cancer Institute/Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Issam El Naqa
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical School, The University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2026, USA
| | - Caitlin A Schonewolf
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical School, The University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2026, USA
| | - Randall Ten Haken
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical School, The University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2026, USA
| | - Shruti Jolly
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical School, The University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2026, USA
| | - Theodore S Lawrence
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical School, The University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2026, USA
| | - Dipankar Ray
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical School, The University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2026, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Early mortality following COVID-19 infection among cancer patients who received radiotherapy: A meta-analysis. JOURNAL OF RADIOTHERAPY IN PRACTICE 2021. [PMCID: PMC9043630 DOI: 10.1017/s1460396921000637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Identifying the patients at higher risk for poor outcomes after radiotherapy (RT) during coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) era is an unmet clinical need. Methods: The Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid Embase, Clarivate Analytics Web of Science, PubMed and Wiley-Blackwell Cochrane Library databases were searched. Eligible studies were required to address the outcomes of cancer patients who underwent RT during the COVID-19 era. The primary outcome was early mortality, while secondary outcomes included length of hospital stay, hospital admission, intensive care unit (ICU) admission and use of mechanical ventilation. Pooled event rates were calculated, and meta-regression and ‘leave-one-out’ sensitivity analyses were performed. Results: Twelve eligible studies were included out of 928. The prevalence of early mortality after COVID-19 infection was 21·0%. The prevalence of hospital admission, ICU admission and mechanical ventilation was 78·1, 15·4 and 20·0%, respectively. Meta-regression showed that older age was significantly and positively associated with early mortality (β = 0·0765 ± 0·0349, p = 0·0284), while breast cancer was negatively associated with early mortality (β = −1·2754 ± 0·6373, p = 0·0454). Conclusions: Older age adversely impacts the early mortality rate in cancer patients during COVID-19 era. The risks of interruption/delay of cancer treatment should be weighed against the risk of increased morbidity and mortality from the infection. A global registry is needed to establish international oncologic guidelines during the COVID-19 era.
Collapse
|
11
|
Feng Y, Feng Y, Gu L, Liu P, Cao J, Zhang S. The Critical Role of Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) Metabolism in Modulating Radiosensitivity: BH4/NOS Axis as an Angel or a Devil. Front Oncol 2021; 11:720632. [PMID: 34513700 PMCID: PMC8429800 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.720632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ionizing radiation and radioactive materials have been widely used in industry, medicine, science and military. The efficacy of radiotherapy and adverse effects of normal tissues are closed related to cellular radiosensitivity. Molecular mechanisms underlying radiosensitivity are of significance to tumor cell radiosensitization as well as normal tissue radioprotection. 5,6,7,8-Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) is an essential cofactor for nitric oxide synthases (NOS) and aromatic amino acid hydroxylases, and its biosynthesis involves de novo biosynthesis and a pterin salvage pathway. In this review we overview the role of BH4 metabolism in modulating radiosensitivity. BH4 homeostasis determines the role of NOS, affecting the production of nitric oxide (NO) and oxygen free radicals. Under conditions of oxidative stress, such as UV-radiation and ionizing radiation, BH4 availability is diminished due to its oxidation, which subsequently leads to NOS uncoupling and generation of highly oxidative free radicals. On the other hand, BH4/NOS axis facilitates vascular normalization, a process by which antiangiogenic therapy corrects structural and functional flaws of tumor blood vessels, which enhances radiotherapy efficacy. Therefore, BH4/NOS axis may serve as an angel or a devil in regulating cellular radiosensitivity. Finally, we will address future perspectives, not only from the standpoint of perceived advances in treatment, but also from the potential mechanisms. These advances have demonstrated that it is possible to modulate cellular radiosensitivity through BH4 metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Feng
- School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yahui Feng
- China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital (Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College), Chengdu, China
| | - Liming Gu
- School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Pengfei Liu
- School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jianping Cao
- School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Shuyu Zhang
- China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital (Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College), Chengdu, China.,West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Cassatt DR, Gorovets A, Karimi-Shah B, Roberts R, Price PW, Satyamitra MM, Todd N, Wang SJ, Marzella L. A Trans-Agency Workshop on the Pathophysiology of Radiation-Induced Lung Injury. Radiat Res 2021; 197:415-433. [PMID: 34342637 DOI: 10.1667/rade-21-00127.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Research and development of medical countermeasures (MCMs) for radiation-induced lung injury relies on the availability of animal models with well-characterized pathophysiology, allowing effective bridging to humans. To develop useful animal models, it is important to understand the clinical condition, advantages and limitations of individual models, and how to properly apply these models to demonstrate MCM efficacy. On March 20, 2019, a meeting sponsored by the Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program (RNCP) within the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) brought together medical, scientific and regulatory communities, including academic and industry subject matter experts, and government stakeholders from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA), to identify critical research gaps, discuss current clinical practices for various forms of pulmonary damage, and consider available animal models for radiation-induced lung injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David R Cassatt
- Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program (RNCP), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, Maryland
| | - Alex Gorovets
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER), Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Banu Karimi-Shah
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER), Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Rosemary Roberts
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER), Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Paul W Price
- Office of Regulatory Affairs, Division of Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation (DAIT), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, Maryland
| | - Merriline M Satyamitra
- Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program (RNCP), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, Maryland
| | - Nushin Todd
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER), Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Sue-Jane Wang
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER), Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Libero Marzella
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER), Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Silver Spring, Maryland
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Liu YQ, Wang XL, He DH, Cheng YX. Protection against chemotherapy- and radiotherapy-induced side effects: A review based on the mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities of phytochemicals. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 80:153402. [PMID: 33203590 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although great achievements have been made in the field of cancer therapy, chemotherapy and radiotherapy remain the mainstay cancer therapeutic modalities. However, they are associated with various side effects, including cardiocytotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, myelosuppression, neurotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, gastrointestinal toxicity, mucositis, and alopecia, which severely affect the quality of life of cancer patients. Plants harbor a great chemical diversity and flexible biological properties that are well-compatible with their use as adjuvant therapy in reducing the side effects of cancer therapy. PURPOSE This review aimed to comprehensively summarize the molecular mechanisms by which phytochemicals ameliorate the side effects of cancer therapies and their potential clinical applications. METHODS We obtained information from PubMed, Science Direct, Web of Science, and Google scholar, and introduced the molecular mechanisms by which chemotherapeutic drugs and irradiation induce toxic side effects. Accordingly, we summarized the underlying mechanisms of representative phytochemicals in reducing these side effects. RESULTS Representative phytochemicals exhibit a great potential in reducing the side effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy due to their broad range of biological activities, including antioxidation, antimutagenesis, anti-inflammation, myeloprotection, and immunomodulation. However, since a majority of the phytochemicals have only been subjected to preclinical studies, clinical trials are imperative to comprehensively evaluate their therapeutic values. CONCLUSION This review highlights that phytochemicals have interesting properties in relieving the side effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Future studies are required to explore the clinical benefits of these phytochemicals for exploitation in chemotherapy and radiotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Qiang Liu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China; Research Center of Chinese Herbal Resources Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resource from Lingnan, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Xiao-Lu Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Dan-Hua He
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China; Research Center of Chinese Herbal Resources Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resource from Lingnan, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yong-Xian Cheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Buja A, Rivera M, De Polo A, Brino ED, Marchetti M, Scioni M, Pasello G, Bortolami A, Rebba V, Schiavon M, Calabrese F, Mandoliti G, Baldo V, Conte P. Estimated direct costs of non-small cell lung cancer by stage at diagnosis and disease management phase: A whole-disease model. Thorac Cancer 2020; 12:13-20. [PMID: 33219738 PMCID: PMC7779199 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.13616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the first cause of cancer‐related death among men and the second among women worldwide. It also poses an economic threat to the sustainability of healthcare services. This study estimated the direct costs of care for patients with NSCLC by stage at diagnosis, and management phase of pathway recommended in local and international guidelines. Methods Based on the most up‐to‐date guidelines, we developed a very detailed “whole‐disease” model listing the probabilities of all potentially necessary diagnostic and therapeutic actions involved in the management of each stage of NSCLC. We assigned a cost to each procedure, and obtained an estimate of the total and average per‐patient costs of each stage of the disease and phase of its management. Results The mean expected cost of a patient with NSCLC is 21,328 € (95% C.I. −20 897−22 322). This cost is 16 291 € in stage I, 19530 € in stage II, 21938 € in stage III, 22175 € in stage IV, and 28 711 € for a Pancoast tumor. In the early stages of the disease, the main cost is incurred by surgery, whereas in the more advanced stages radiotherapy, medical therapy, treatment for progressions, and supportive care become variously more important. Conclusions An estimation of the direct costs of care for NSCLC is fundamental in order to predict the burden of new oncological therapies and treatments on healthcare services, and thus orient the decisions of policy‐makers regarding the allocation of resources. Key points Significant findings of the study The high costs of surgery make the early stages of the disease no less expensive than the advanced stages. What this study adds An estimation of the direct costs of care is fundamental in order to orient the decisions of policy‐makers regarding the allocation of resources.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Buja
- Department of Cardiologic, Vascular, and Thoracic Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Michele Rivera
- Department of Cardiologic, Vascular, and Thoracic Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Anna De Polo
- Department of Cardiologic, Vascular, and Thoracic Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | | | | | - Manuela Scioni
- Statistics Department, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Giulia Pasello
- Medical Oncology 2, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Vincenzo Rebba
- "Marco Fanno" Department of Economics and Management, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Marco Schiavon
- Department of Cardiologic, Vascular, and Thoracic Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Fiorella Calabrese
- Department of Cardiologic, Vascular, and Thoracic Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Giovanni Mandoliti
- U.O.C. Radioterapia oncologica, Ospedale Santa Maria della Misericordia, AULSS 5 "Polesana", Rovigo, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Baldo
- Department of Cardiologic, Vascular, and Thoracic Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - PierFranco Conte
- Medical Oncology 2, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IRCCS, Padova, Italy.,Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wolf M, Anderle K, Durante M, Graeff C. Robust treatment planning with 4D intensity modulated carbon ion therapy for multiple targets in stage IV non-small cell lung cancer. Phys Med Biol 2020; 65:215012. [PMID: 32610300 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/aba1a3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Intensity modulated particle therapy (IMPT) with carbon ions can generate highly conformal treatment plans; however, IMPT is limited in robustness against range and positioning uncertainty. This is particularly true for moving targets, even though all motion states of a 4DCT are considered in 4D-IMPT. Here, we expand 4D-IMPT to include robust non-linear RBE-weighted optimization to explore its potential in improving plan robustness and sparing critical organs. In this study, robust 4D-optimization-based on worst-case optimization on 9 scenarios-was compared to conventional 4D-optimization with PTV margins using 4D dose calculation and robustness analysis for 21 uncertainty scenarios. Slice-by-slice rescanning was used for motion mitigation. Both 4D-optimization strategies were tested on a cohort of 8 multi-lesion lung cancer patients with the goal of prioritizing OAR sparing in a hypofractionated treatment plan. Planning objectives were to keep the OAR volume doses below corresponding limits while simultaneously achieve CTV coverage with D95% ≥ 95 %. For the conventional plans, average D95% was at 98.7% which fulfilled the target objective in 83.2% of scenarios. For the robust plans, average D95% was reduced to 97.6% which still fulfilled the target objective in 80.7% of cases, but led to significantly improved overall OAR sparing: Volume doses were below the limits in 96.2% of cases for the conventional and 99.5% for the robust plans. When considering the particularly critical smaller airways only, fulfillment rates could be increased from 76.2% to 96% for the robust plans. This study has shown that plan robustness of 4D-IMPT could be improved by using robust 4D-optimization, offering greater control over uncertainties in the actual delivered dose. In some cases, this required sacrificing target coverage for the benefit of better OAR sparing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Wolf
- GSI Helmholtz Center, Darmstadt, Germany
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Aso S, Navarro-Martin A, Castillo R, Padrones S, Castillo E, Montes A, Martínez JI, Cubero N, López R, Rodríguez L, Palmero R, Manresa F, Guerrero T, Molina M. Severity of radiation pneumonitis, from clinical, dosimetric and biological features: a pilot study. Radiat Oncol 2020; 15:246. [PMID: 33109238 PMCID: PMC7590478 DOI: 10.1186/s13014-020-01694-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Radiation pneumonitis (RP) could be a lethal complication of lung cancer treatment. No reliable predictors of RP severity have been recognized. This prospective pilot study was performed to identify early predictors of high grade lung toxicity and to evaluate clinical, biological or dosimetric features associated with different grades of toxicity. METHOD Sixteen patients with non-small cell lung cancer with indication of concurrent chemoradiotherapy using 60 Gy/2 Gy/fraction starting at cycle one of platinum based chemotherapy were included. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), pulmonary function testing (PFT), and 18F-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron-emission tomography was performed before radiotherapy (RT), after three weeks of treatment, and two months post-RT. For analysis, patients were grouped by grade (low [G1-G2] vs. high [G3-G5]). The two groups were compared to identify predictors of RP. Protein expression BAL and lung tissue metabolism was evaluated in two patients (RP-G1 vs. RP-G3). Categorical variables such as comorbidities, stages and locations were summarized as percentages. Radiation doses, pulmonary function values and time to RP were summarized by medians with ranges or as means with standard deviation. Longitudinal analysis PFT was performed by a T-test. RESULTS All 16 patients developed RP, as follows: G1 (5 pts; 31.3%); G2 (5 pts; 31.3%); G3 (5 pts; 31.3%); and G5 (1 pts; 6.1%). Patients with high grade RP presented significant decrease (p = 0.02) in diffusing lung capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) after three weeks of RT. No correlation between dosimetric values and RP grades was observed. BAL analysis of the selected patients showed that CXCL-1, CD154, IL-1ra, IL-23, MIF, PAI-1 and IFN-γ were overexpressed in the lungs of the RP-G3 patient, even before treatment. The pre-RT SUVmax value in the RP-G3 patient was non-significantly higher than in the patient with RP-G1. CONCLUSIONS RT induces some degree of RP. Our data suggest that decrease in DLCO% is the most sensitive parameter for the early detection of RP. Moreover, we detect biological differences between the two grades of pneumonitis, highlighting the potential value of some cytokines as a prognostic marker for developing high grade lung toxicity. Further multicenter studies with larger sample size are essential to validate these findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Aso
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Bellvitge University Hospital; L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Feixa Llarga S/N, 16th Floor, 08907, Barcelona, Spain
- Laboratory of Respiratory Medicine, IDIBELL, Barcelona University; L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Arturo Navarro-Martin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Catalan Institute of Oncology, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Feixa Llarga 199-203, 08908, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Richard Castillo
- Divisions of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Susana Padrones
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Bellvitge University Hospital; L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Feixa Llarga S/N, 16th Floor, 08907, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Edward Castillo
- Divisions of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Computational and Applied Mathematics, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ana Montes
- Laboratory of Respiratory Medicine, IDIBELL, Barcelona University; L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), ISCIII, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Ignacio Martínez
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Bellvitge University Hospital; L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Feixa Llarga S/N, 16th Floor, 08907, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Noelia Cubero
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Bellvitge University Hospital; L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Feixa Llarga S/N, 16th Floor, 08907, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), ISCIII, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa López
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Bellvitge University Hospital; L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Feixa Llarga S/N, 16th Floor, 08907, Barcelona, Spain
- Laboratory of Respiratory Medicine, IDIBELL, Barcelona University; L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Rodríguez
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Bellvitge Universitary Hospital; L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramon Palmero
- Department of Medical Oncology, Catalan Institute of Oncology: L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Federico Manresa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Bellvitge University Hospital; L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Feixa Llarga S/N, 16th Floor, 08907, Barcelona, Spain
- Laboratory of Respiratory Medicine, IDIBELL, Barcelona University; L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), ISCIII, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Thomas Guerrero
- Divisions of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Computational and Applied Mathematics, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
- The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - María Molina
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Bellvitge University Hospital; L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Feixa Llarga S/N, 16th Floor, 08907, Barcelona, Spain.
- Laboratory of Respiratory Medicine, IDIBELL, Barcelona University; L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
- CIBER of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), ISCIII, Barcelona, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Kunwar A, Priyadarsini KI, Jain VK. 3,3'-Diselenodipropionic acid (DSePA): A redox active multifunctional molecule of biological relevance. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2020; 1865:129768. [PMID: 33148501 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2020.129768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extensive research is being carried out globally to design and develop new selenium compounds for various biological applications such as antioxidants, radio-protectors, anti-carcinogenic agents, biocides, etc. In this pursuit, 3,3'-diselenodipropionic acid (DSePA), a synthetic organoselenium compound, has received considerable attention for its biological activities. SCOPE OF REVIEW This review intends to give a comprehensive account of research on DSePA so as to facilitate further research activities on this organoselenium compound and to realize its full potential in different areas of biological and pharmacological sciences. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS It is an interesting diselenide structurally related to selenocystine. It shows moderate glutathione peroxidase (GPx)-like activity and is an excellent scavenger of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Exposure to radiation, as envisaged during radiation therapy, has been associated with normal tissue side effects and also with the decrease in selenium levels in the body. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of DSePA has confirmed its ability to reduce radiation induced side effects into normal tissues. Administration of DSePA through intraperitoneal (IP) or oral route to mice in a dose range of 2 to 2.5 mg/kg body weight has shown survival advantage against whole body irradiation and a significant protection to lung tissue against thoracic irradiation. Pharmacokinetic profiling of DSePA suggests its maximum absorption in the lung. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Research work on DSePA reported in fifteen years or so indicates that it is a promising multifunctional organoselenium compound exhibiting many important activities of biological relevance apart from radioprotection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Kunwar
- Radiation & Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India.
| | - K Indira Priyadarsini
- UM-DAE Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences, University of Mumbai, Kalina Campus, Santacruz (E), Mumbai 400098, India.
| | - Vimal K Jain
- UM-DAE Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences, University of Mumbai, Kalina Campus, Santacruz (E), Mumbai 400098, India.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
von Reibnitz D, Yorke ED, Oh JH, Apte AP, Yang J, Pham H, Thor M, Wu AJ, Fleisher M, Gelb E, Deasy JO, Rimner A. Predictive Modeling of Thoracic Radiotherapy Toxicity and the Potential Role of Serum Alpha-2-Macroglobulin. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1395. [PMID: 32850450 PMCID: PMC7423838 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: To investigate the impact of alpha-2-macroglobulin (A2M), a suspected intrinsic radioprotectant, on radiation pneumonitis and esophagitis using multifactorial predictive models. Materials and Methods: Baseline A2M levels were obtained for 258 patients prior to thoracic radiotherapy (RT). Dose-volume characteristics were extracted from treatment plans. Spearman's correlation (Rs) test was used to correlate clinical and dosimetric variables with toxicities. Toxicity prediction models were built using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) logistic regression on 1,000 bootstrapped datasets. Results: Grade ≥2 esophagitis and pneumonitis developed in 61 (23.6%) and 36 (14.0%) patients, respectively. The median A2M level was 191 mg/dL (range: 94-511). Never/former/current smoker status was 47 (18.2%)/179 (69.4%)/32 (12.4%). We found a significant negative univariate correlation between baseline A2M levels and esophagitis (Rs = -0.18/p = 0.003) and between A2M and smoking status (Rs = 0.13/p = 0.04). Further significant parameters for grade ≥2 esophagitis included age (Rs = -0.32/p < 0.0001), chemotherapy use (Rs = 0.56/p < 0.0001), dose per fraction (Rs = -0.57/p < 0.0001), total dose (Rs = 0.35/p < 0.0001), and several other dosimetric variables with Rs > 0.5 (p < 0.0001). The only significant non-dosimetric parameter for grade ≥2 pneumonitis was sex (Rs = -0.32/p = 0.037) with higher risk for women. For pneumonitis D15 (lung) (Rs = 0.19/p = 0.006) and D45 (heart) (Rs = 0.16/p = 0.016) had the highest correlation. LASSO models applied on the validation data were statistically significant and resulted in areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.84 (esophagitis) and 0.78 (pneumonitis). Multivariate predictive models did not require A2M to reach maximum predictive power. Conclusion: This is the first study showing a likely association of higher baseline A2M values with lower risk of radiation esophagitis and with smoking status. However, the baseline A2M level was not a significant risk factor for radiation pneumonitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Donata von Reibnitz
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Ellen D Yorke
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jung Hun Oh
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Aditya P Apte
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Hai Pham
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Maria Thor
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Abraham J Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Martin Fleisher
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Emily Gelb
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Joseph O Deasy
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Andreas Rimner
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Brascia D, De Iaco G, Schiavone M, Panza T, Signore F, Geronimo A, Sampietro D, Montrone M, Galetta D, Marulli G. Resectable IIIA-N2 Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC): In Search for the Proper Treatment. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12082050. [PMID: 32722386 PMCID: PMC7465235 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer accounts for one third of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) at the time of initial diagnosis and presents with a wide range of clinical and pathological heterogeneity. To date, the combined multimodality approach involving both local and systemic control is the gold standard for these patients, since occult distant micrometastatic disease should always be suspected. With the rapid increase in treatment options, the need for an interdisciplinary discussion involving oncologists, surgeons, radiation oncologists and radiologists has become essential. Surgery should be recommended to patients with non-bulky, discrete, or single-level N2 involvement and be included in the multimodality treatment. Resectable stage IIIA patients have been the subject of a number of clinical trials and retrospective analysis, discussing the efficiency and survival benefits on patients treated with the available therapeutic approaches. However, most of them have some limitations due to their retrospective nature, lack of exact pretreatment staging, and the involvement of heterogeneous populations leading to the awareness that each patient should undergo a tailored therapy in light of the nature of his tumor, its extension and his performance status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Debora Brascia
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, Department of Organ Transplantation and Emergency, University Hospital of Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy; (D.B.); (G.D.I.); (M.S.); (T.P.); (F.S.); (A.G.); (D.S.)
| | - Giulia De Iaco
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, Department of Organ Transplantation and Emergency, University Hospital of Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy; (D.B.); (G.D.I.); (M.S.); (T.P.); (F.S.); (A.G.); (D.S.)
| | - Marcella Schiavone
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, Department of Organ Transplantation and Emergency, University Hospital of Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy; (D.B.); (G.D.I.); (M.S.); (T.P.); (F.S.); (A.G.); (D.S.)
| | - Teodora Panza
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, Department of Organ Transplantation and Emergency, University Hospital of Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy; (D.B.); (G.D.I.); (M.S.); (T.P.); (F.S.); (A.G.); (D.S.)
| | - Francesca Signore
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, Department of Organ Transplantation and Emergency, University Hospital of Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy; (D.B.); (G.D.I.); (M.S.); (T.P.); (F.S.); (A.G.); (D.S.)
| | - Alessandro Geronimo
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, Department of Organ Transplantation and Emergency, University Hospital of Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy; (D.B.); (G.D.I.); (M.S.); (T.P.); (F.S.); (A.G.); (D.S.)
| | - Doroty Sampietro
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, Department of Organ Transplantation and Emergency, University Hospital of Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy; (D.B.); (G.D.I.); (M.S.); (T.P.); (F.S.); (A.G.); (D.S.)
| | - Michele Montrone
- Medical Thoracic Oncology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II”, 70121 Bari, Italy; (M.M.); (D.G.)
| | - Domenico Galetta
- Medical Thoracic Oncology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II”, 70121 Bari, Italy; (M.M.); (D.G.)
| | - Giuseppe Marulli
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, Department of Organ Transplantation and Emergency, University Hospital of Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy; (D.B.); (G.D.I.); (M.S.); (T.P.); (F.S.); (A.G.); (D.S.)
- Correspondence: or
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Veiga C, Chandy E, Jacob J, Yip N, Szmul A, Landau D, McClelland JR. Investigation of the evolution of radiation-induced lung damage using serial CT imaging and pulmonary function tests. Radiother Oncol 2020; 148:89-96. [PMID: 32344262 PMCID: PMC7416106 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2020.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Radiation-induced lung damage (RILD) is a common consequence of lung cancer radiotherapy (RT) with unclear evolution over time. We quantify radiological RILD longitudinally and correlate it with dosimetry and respiratory morbidity. MATERIALS AND METHODS CTs were available pre-RT and at 3, 6, 12 and 24-months post-RT for forty-five subjects enrolled in a phase 1/2 clinical trial of isotoxic, dose-escalated chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Fifteen CT-based measures of parenchymal, pleural and lung volume change, and anatomical distortions, were calculated. Respiratory morbidity was assessed with the Medical Research Council (MRC) dyspnoea score and spirometric pulmonary function tests (PFTs): FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC and DLCO. RESULTS FEV1, FEV1/FVC and MRC scores progressively declined post-RT; FVC decreased by 6-months before partially recovering. Radiologically, an early phase (3-6 months) of acute inflammation was characterised by reversible parenchymal change and non-progressive anatomical distortion. A phase of chronic scarring followed (6-24 months) with irreversible parenchymal change, progressive volume loss and anatomical distortion. Post-RT increase in contralateral lung volume was common. Normal lung volume shrinkage correlated longitudinally with mean lung dose (r = 0.30-0.40, p = 0.01-0.04). Radiological findings allowed separation of patients with predominant acute versus chronic RILD; subjects with predominantly chronic RILD had poorer pre-RT lung function. CONCLUSIONS CT-based measures enable detailed quantification of the longitudinal evolution of RILD. The majority of patients developed progressive lung damage, even when the early phase was absent or mild. Pre-RT lung function and RT dosimetry may allow to identify subjects at increased risk of RILD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Veiga
- Centre for Medical Image Computing, Department of Medical Physics & Biomedical Engineering, University College London, UK.
| | | | - Joseph Jacob
- Centre for Medical Image Computing, Department of Medical Physics & Biomedical Engineering, University College London, UK; Department of Respiratory Medicine, University College London, UK
| | - Natalie Yip
- Centre for Medical Image Computing, Department of Medical Physics & Biomedical Engineering, University College London, UK
| | - Adam Szmul
- Centre for Medical Image Computing, Department of Medical Physics & Biomedical Engineering, University College London, UK
| | - David Landau
- Department of Oncology, University College London Hospital, UK; Department of Clinical Oncology, Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Jamie R McClelland
- Centre for Medical Image Computing, Department of Medical Physics & Biomedical Engineering, University College London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
The dose-response characteristics of four NTCP models: using a novel CT-based radiomic method to quantify radiation-induced lung density changes. Sci Rep 2020; 10:10559. [PMID: 32601297 PMCID: PMC7324586 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67499-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple competing normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) models have been proposed for predicting symptomatic radiation-induced lung injury in human. In this paper we tested the efficacy of four common NTCP models applied quantitatively to sub-clinical X-ray computed tomography (CT)-density changes in the lung following radiotherapy. Radiotherapy planning datasets and follow-up chest CTs were obtained in eight patients treated for targets within the lung or hilar region. Image pixel-wise radiation dose exposure versus change in observable CT Hounsfield units was recorded for early (2-5 months) and late (6-9 months) time-points. Four NTCP models, Lyman, Logistic, Weibull and Poisson, were fit to the population data. The quality of fits was assessed by five statistical criteria. All four models fit the data significantly (p < 0.05) well at early, late and cumulative time points. The Lyman model fitted best for early effects while the Weibull Model fitted best for late effects. No significant difference was found between the fits of the models and with respect to parameters D50 and γ50. The D50 estimates were more robust than γ50 to image registration error. For analyzing population-based sub-clinical CT pixel intensity-based dose response, all four models performed well.
Collapse
|
22
|
Kabarriti R, Brodin NP, Maron MI, Tomé WA, Halmos B, Guha C, Kalnicki S, Garg MK, Ohri N. Extent of Prior Lung Irradiation and Mortality in COVID-19 Patients With a Cancer History. Adv Radiat Oncol 2020; 5:707-710. [PMID: 32775778 PMCID: PMC7239013 DOI: 10.1016/j.adro.2020.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose There have been nearly 200,000 deaths worldwide so far from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is caused by a coronavirus called SARS-CoV-2. Cancer history appears to be a poor prognostic factor for COVID-19 patients, although the reasons for this are unclear. In this report, we assess whether extent of prior lung irradiation is a risk factor for death as a result of COVID-19 infection. Methods and Materials Patients who tested positive for COVID-19 between March 14 and April 15, 2020, at our institution and who previously received radiation therapy for cancer in our department were included in this analysis. Patient characteristics and metrics describing the extent of lung irradiation were tabulated. Cox regression models were used to identify predictors of death after COVID-19 diagnosis. A logistic model was used to characterize the association between mean lung radiation therapy dose and 14-day mortality risk after COVID-19 diagnosis. Results For the study, 107 patients met the inclusion criteria. With a median follow-up of 7 days from COVID-19 diagnosis for surviving patients, 24 deaths have been observed. The actuarial survival rate 14 days after COVID-19 testing is 66%. Increasing mean lung dose (hazard ratio [HR] per Gy = 1.1, P = .002), lung cancer diagnosis (HR = 3.0, P = .034), and receiving radiation therapy between 1 month and 1 year before COVID-19 testing (HR = 3.4, P = .013) were associated with increased risk of death. Our survival model demonstrates a near linear relationship between mortality risk after COVID-19 diagnosis and mean lung radiation therapy dose. Conclusions COVID-19 patients with a history of radiation therapy for cancer have a poor prognosis, and mortality risk appears to be associated with extent of lung irradiation. Validation of these findings will be critical as the COVID-19 pandemic continues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rafi Kabarriti
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - N Patrik Brodin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Maxim I Maron
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Wolfgang A Tomé
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Balazs Halmos
- Department of Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Chandan Guha
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Shalom Kalnicki
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Madhur K Garg
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Nitin Ohri
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Shaverdian N, Thor M, Shepherd AF, Offin MD, Jackson A, Wu AJ, Gelblum DY, Yorke ED, Simone CB, Chaft JE, Hellmann MD, Gomez DR, Rimner A, Deasy JO. Radiation pneumonitis in lung cancer patients treated with chemoradiation plus durvalumab. Cancer Med 2020; 9:4622-4631. [PMID: 32372571 PMCID: PMC7333832 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.3113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Durvalumab after concurrent chemoradiation (cCRT) is now standard of care for unresected stage III non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, there is limited data on radiation pneumonitis (RP) with this regimen. Therefore, we assessed RP and evaluated previously validated toxicity models in predicting for RP in patients treated with cCRT and durvalumab. Methods Patients treated with cCRT and ≥ 1 dose of durvalumab were evaluated to identify cases of ≥ grade 2 RP. The validity of previously published RP models was assessed in this cohort as well a reference cohort treated with cCRT alone. The timing and incidence of RP was compared between cohorts. Results In total, 11 (18%) of the 62 patients who received cCRT and durvalumab developed ≥ grade 2 RP a median of 3.4 months after cCRT. The onset of RP among patients treated with cCRT and durvalumab was significantly longer vs the reference cohort (3.4 vs 2.1 months; P = .01). Numerically more patients treated with cCRT and durvalumab developed RP than patients in the reference cohort (18% vs 9%, P = .09). Among patients treated with cCRT and durvalumab, 82% (n = 9) were responsive to treatment with high‐dose glucocorticoids. Previously published RP models widely underestimated the rate of RP in patients treated with cCRT and durvalumab [AUC ~ 0.50; p(Hosmer‐Lemeshow): 0.98‐1.00]. Conclusions Our data suggest a delayed onset of RP in patients treated with cCRT and durvalumab vs cCRT alone, and for RP to develop in a greater number of patients treated with cCRT and durvalumab. Previously published RP models significantly underestimate the rate of symptomatic RP among patients treated with cCRT and durvalumab.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Narek Shaverdian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Maria Thor
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Annemarie F Shepherd
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Michael D Offin
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Division of Solid Tumor Oncology, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Andrew Jackson
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Abraham J Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Daphna Y Gelblum
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ellen D Yorke
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Charles B Simone
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jamie E Chaft
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Division of Solid Tumor Oncology, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Matthew D Hellmann
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Division of Solid Tumor Oncology, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Daniel R Gomez
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Andreas Rimner
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Joseph O Deasy
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Ryan KJ, Nero D, Feinberg BA, Lee CH, Pimentel R, Gajra A, Kish JK, Seal B. Real-world incidence and cost of pneumonitis post-chemoradiotherapy for Stage III non-small-cell lung cancer. Future Oncol 2020; 16:4303-4313. [DOI: 10.2217/fon-2019-0524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To estimate the real-world incidence and timing of radiation pneumonitis following chemoradiotherapy for Stage III non-small-cell lung cancer and compare costs between patients with and without radiation pneumonitis. Methods: Retrospective analysis using the Symphony Health Integrated Dataverse. Results: Pneumonitis incidence was 12.4% with a 177-day mean time to onset. Patients with versus without pneumonitis were more frequently admitted to the hospital (33.8 vs 19.2%, p < 0.0001) and seen in the emergency room (51.9 vs 35.8%, p < 0.0001) and had higher mean total healthcare costs (US$4251 vs US$3969 per-patient per-month; p = 0.0163). Conclusion: Although pneumonitis significantly increased healthcare resource utilization and costs in chemoradiotherapy-treated Stage III non-small-cell lung cancer, the per-patient per-month differential was <10%. Such financial assessments are critical for cost–benefit analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kellie J Ryan
- AstraZeneca, US Medical Affairs, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Damion Nero
- Cardinal Health Specialty Solutions, Dublin, OH 43017, USA
| | | | - Choo Hyung Lee
- Cardinal Health Specialty Solutions, Dublin, OH 43017, USA
| | | | - Ajeet Gajra
- Cardinal Health Specialty Solutions, Dublin, OH 43017, USA
| | | | - Brian Seal
- AstraZeneca, US Medical Affairs, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Gandhi KA, Goda JS, Gandhi VV, Sadanpurwala A, Jain VK, Joshi K, Epari S, Rane S, Mohanty B, Chaudhari P, Kembhavi S, Kunwar A, Gota V, Priyadarsini KI. Oral administration of 3,3'-diselenodipropionic acid prevents thoracic radiation induced pneumonitis in mice by suppressing NF-kB/IL-17/G-CSF/neutrophil axis. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 145:8-19. [PMID: 31521664 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of symptomatic radiation induced lung pneumonitis (RILP), a major dose limiting side effect of thoracic radiotherapy, is in the range of 15-40%. Therapeutic options for the prevention and treatment of RILP are limited. Hence there is a need for developing novel radioprotectors to prevent RILP which can be patient compliant. This study sought to evaluate the efficacy of oral 3,3'-diselenodipropionic acid (DSePA), a novel selenocystine derivative to prevent RILP. C3H/HeJ (pneumonitis responding) mice received a single dose of 18 Gy, whole thorax irradiation and a subset were treated with DSePA orally (2.5 mg/kg), three times per week beginning 2 h post irradiation and continued till 6 months. DSePA delayed onset of grade ≥ 2 RILP by 45 days compared to radiation control (~105 versus ~60 days). It also reversed the severity of pneumonitis in 3/10 radiation treated mice leading to significant improvement in asymptomatic survival compared to radiation control (~180 versus ~102 days). DSePA significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the radiation-mediated infiltration of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) and elevation in levels of cytokines such as IL1-β, ICAM-1, E-selectin, IL-17 and TGF-β in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Moreover DSePA lowered PMN-induced oxidants, maintained glutathione peroxidase activity and suppressed NF-kB/IL-17/G-CSF/neutrophil axis in the lung of irradiated mice. Additionally, this compound did not protect A549 (lung cancer) derived xenograft tumor from radiation exposure in SCID mice. DSePA offers protection to normal lung against RILP without affecting radiation sensitivity of tumors. It has the potential to be developed as an oral agent for preventing RILP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K A Gandhi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - J S Goda
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400 094, India.
| | - V V Gandhi
- Radiation and Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400 094, India
| | - A Sadanpurwala
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - V K Jain
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400 094, India; UM-DAE Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences, Kalina Campus, Mumbai, 400098, India
| | - K Joshi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - S Epari
- Department of Pathology, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - S Rane
- Department of Pathology, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - B Mohanty
- Department of Radio Diagnosis, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India; Animal Imaging Division, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - P Chaudhari
- Department of Radio Diagnosis, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India; Animal Imaging Division, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - S Kembhavi
- Department of Radio Diagnosis, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - A Kunwar
- Radiation and Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400 094, India.
| | - V Gota
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400 094, India.
| | - K I Priyadarsini
- Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400 094, India.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
de Leve S, Wirsdörfer F, Jendrossek V. The CD73/Ado System-A New Player in RT Induced Adverse Late Effects. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11101578. [PMID: 31623231 PMCID: PMC6827091 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11101578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy (RT) is a central component of standard treatment for many cancer patients. RT alone or in multimodal treatment strategies has a documented contribution to enhanced local control and overall survival of cancer patients, and cancer cure. Clinical RT aims at maximizing tumor control, while minimizing the risk for RT-induced adverse late effects. However, acute and late toxicities of IR in normal tissues are still important biological barriers to successful RT: While curative RT may not be tolerable, sub-optimal tolerable RT doses will lead to fatal outcomes by local recurrence or metastatic disease, even when accepting adverse normal tissue effects that decrease the quality of life of irradiated cancer patients. Technical improvements in treatment planning and the increasing use of particle therapy have allowed for a more accurate delivery of IR to the tumor volume and have thereby helped to improve the safety profile of RT for many solid tumors. With these technical and physical strategies reaching their natural limits, current research for improving the therapeutic gain of RT focuses on innovative biological concepts that either selectively limit the adverse effects of RT in normal tissues without protecting the tumor or specifically increase the radiosensitivity of the tumor tissue without enhancing the risk of normal tissue complications. The biology-based optimization of RT requires the identification of biological factors that are linked to differential radiosensitivity of normal or tumor tissues, and are amenable to therapeutic targeting. Extracellular adenosine is an endogenous mediator critical to the maintenance of homeostasis in various tissues. Adenosine is either released from stressed or injured cells or generated from extracellular adenine nucleotides by the concerted action of the ectoenzymes ectoapyrase (CD39) and 5′ ectonucleotidase (NT5E, CD73) that catabolize ATP to adenosine. Recent work revealed a role of the immunoregulatory CD73/adenosine system in radiation-induced fibrotic disease in normal tissues suggesting a potential use as novel therapeutic target for normal tissue protection. The present review summarizes relevant findings on the pathologic roles of CD73 and adenosine in radiation-induced fibrosis in different organs (lung, skin, gut, and kidney) that have been obtained in preclinical models and proposes a refined model of radiation-induced normal tissue toxicity including the disease-promoting effects of radiation-induced activation of CD73/adenosine signaling in the irradiated tissue environment. However, expression and activity of the CD73/adenosine system in the tumor environment has also been linked to increased tumor growth and tumor immune escape, at least in preclinical models. Therefore, we will discuss the use of pharmacologic inhibition of CD73/adenosine-signaling as a promising strategy for improving the therapeutic gain of RT by targeting both, malignant tumor growth and adverse late effects of RT with a focus on fibrotic disease. The consideration of the therapeutic window is particularly important in view of the increasing use of RT in combination with various molecularly targeted agents and immunotherapy to enhance the tumor radiation response, as such combinations may result in increased or novel toxicities, as well as the increasing number of cancer survivors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simone de Leve
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University Hospital Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany.
| | - Florian Wirsdörfer
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University Hospital Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany.
| | - Verena Jendrossek
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University Hospital Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
The role of NLRP3 inflammasome activation in radiation damage. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 118:109217. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
|
28
|
Gong L, Wu X, Li X, Ni X, Gu W, Wang X, Ji H, Hu L, Zhu L. S1PR3 deficiency alleviates radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis through the regulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition by targeting miR-495-3p. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:2310-2324. [PMID: 31489649 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis (RIPF) is a life-threatening complication of thoracic radiotherapy, which contributes to continued deterioration in pulmonary function. Sphingosine-1 phosphate receptor 3 (S1PR3) has been identified as a crucial molecule in fibrosis. Accumulating evidence indicated that the inhibition of the S1PRs ameliorates fibrogenesis. Thus, this study aims to explore whether S1PR3 participates in RIPF and elucidates the molecular mechanisms underlying S1PR3-modulated epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in transforming growth factor-β1-induced pulmonary epithelia. A recombinant adeno-associated viral-mediated S1PR3 (AAV-S1PR3) gene therapy analyzed the effect of S1PR3 gene deficiency on the altered histology structure and molecular mechanisms in the lung of mice with whole-lung irradiation. Compared with the AAV-negative control mice, AAV-mediated S1PR3 knockdown in the lung of mice attenuated pulmonary fibrosis induced by the radiation, as indicated by the alleviation of collagen accumulation, lessened histopathological alterations, and the suppression of inflammatory cells infiltration. S1PR3 deficiency reversed the RIPF concomitantly with abrogated EMT-related protein (α-smooth muscle actin). Consistently, S1PR3-deficient pulmonary epithelia inhibited the EMT process changes and fibrosis formation. Furthermore, S1PR3 was designated as one of the target genes for microRNA-495-3p (miR-495-3p). The inhibition of miR-495-3p promoted the expression of S1PR3 in pulmonary epithelia, whereas the overexpression of miR-495-3p inhibited the S1PR3/SMAD2/3 pathway and suppressed the EMT process. Collectively, miR-495-3p might be a negative regulator of the EMT process in fibrosis formation by inhibiting the targeted S1PR3 gene. These results established a link between the S1PR3 gene, the EMT process, and the fibrosis, suggesting the pharmacological blockage of S1PR3 as a potential therapeutic strategy for RIPF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linjing Gong
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Wu
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyi Li
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoying Ni
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenyu Gu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyuan Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haiying Ji
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lijuan Hu
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Ye JC, Ding L, Atay SM, Nieva JJ, McFadden PM, Chang E, Kim AW. Trimodality vs Chemoradiation and Salvage Resection in cN2 Stage IIIA Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2019; 32:153-159. [PMID: 31220530 DOI: 10.1053/j.semtcvs.2019.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
To determine the overall survival (OS) in patients who underwent planned trimodality therapy (TMT) and those who underwent definitive concurrent chemoradiation (CRT), but later received salvage resection (SR) for stage IIIA (cN2) (AJCC 7th ed.) non-small cell lung cancer. National Cancer Database data set from 2004 to 2014 was queried. TMT was defined as multiagent CRT with dose >45 Gy, followed by lobectomy or pneumonectomy ≤90 days from end of CRT. SR was defined as multiagent CRT with dose >59 Gy and lobectomy or pneumonectomy performed >90 days from CRT completion. Propensity score weighting and propensity score matching methods were used to balance patient and tumor characteristics and to calculate hazard ratios. A total of 2025 (1899 TMT and 126 SR) patients were analyzed. TMT and SR groups shared similar characteristics. Surgery occurred at a median of 41 days (range 1-90) after CRT in the TMT group and 114 days (91-440) in the SR group. The 90-day mortality after surgery was 6.5% for TMT and 5% for SR (P = 0.43). The 3- and 5-year OS were 55.1% and 35.7% for TMT and 51.6% and 45.0% for SR (P = 0.92, 0.68), with no difference across unadjusted cohort and propensity-adjusted cohort. Patients with cN2 stage IIIA non-small cell lung cancer treated in the United States with definitive CRT followed by SR had similar OS as upfront TMT with similar postoperative mortality despite SR occurring >90 days after >59 Gy CRT. SR remains an option for medically appropriate patients after definitive dose CRT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jason C Ye
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California.
| | - Li Ding
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California
| | - Scott M Atay
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California
| | - Jorge J Nieva
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California
| | - P Michael McFadden
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California
| | - Eric Chang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California
| | - Anthony W Kim
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Romero-Vielva L, Viteri S, Moya-Horno I, Toscas JI, Maestre-Alcácer JA, Ramón Y Cajal S, Rosell R. Salvage surgery after definitive chemo-radiotherapy for patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Lung Cancer 2019; 133:117-122. [PMID: 31200817 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2019.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite all treatment advances, lung cancer is still the main cause of death worldwide. Treatment for resectable stage IIIA remains controversial including definitive chemoradiotherapy and induction treatment followed by surgery. After definitive chemoradiation up to 35% of patients will relapse locally. Experience with salvage resection after definitive chemoradiotherapy in lung cancer is limited. We present our experience in 27 patients who underwent surgical resection after definitive treatment. PATIENTS AND METHODS Between January 2007 and December 2016, 27 patients were evaluated in our department for surgical resection after receiving definitive chemoradiation treatment in different institutions. We conducted a retrospective study gathering the following data: age, gender, clinical and pathologic stage, histology, chemotherapy treatment regimen, radiotherapy dosage, surgical procedure and complications. Time between surgical resection and last follow-up was used to calculate Overall Survival (OS). Disease-Free Survival (DFS) was calculated from surgical resection to diagnosis of relapse. RESULTS Most of the patients were men with a median age of 56.09 years. Median follow-up time was 46.94 months. All patients received platinum-based chemotherapy regimen and high-dose radiotherapy, except for one patient who received 45 Gy. Lobectomy and bilobectomy was performed in 7 patients each, and pneumonectomy in 13. Complications appeared in 5 patients. Bronchopleural fistula appeared in two patients, and only one death in the early postoperative period. The analysis showed an OS of 75.56 months, with 1-year, 3-year and 5-year survival of 74.1%, 57.8% and 53.3% respectively. CONCLUSION Salvage surgery in selected patients is technically feasible, with low morbidity and mortality rates and good long-term outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Romero-Vielva
- Thoracic Surgery Department, University Hospital General de Catalunya, C/ Pedro i Pons, 1., 08195, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Spain.
| | - Santiago Viteri
- Medical Oncology Department, Rosell Oncology Institute (IOR), Dexeus University Hospital, Quironsalud Group, C/ Sabino Arana 5-19, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Irene Moya-Horno
- Medical Oncology Department Instituto Oncológico Dr Rosell (IOR), University Hospital General de Catalunya, C/ Pedro i Pons, 1., 08195, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Spain
| | - José Ignacio Toscas
- Radio-oncology Department, Institut Oncològic Teknon (IOT), Carrer de Vilana, 12, 08022, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Antonio Maestre-Alcácer
- Thoracic Surgery Department, University Hospital General de Catalunya, C/ Pedro i Pons, 1., 08195, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Spain
| | - Santiago Ramón Y Cajal
- Pathology Department, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Passeig Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rafael Rosell
- Medical Oncology Department, Rosell Oncology Institute (IOR), Dexeus University Hospital, Quironsalud Group, C/ Sabino Arana 5-19, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Onishi H, Marino K, Yamashita H, Terahara A, Onimaru R, Kokubo M, Shioyama Y, Kozuka T, Matsuo Y, Aruga T, Hiraoka M. Case Series of 23 Patients Who Developed Fatal Radiation Pneumonitis After Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy for Lung Cancer. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2019; 17:1533033818801323. [PMID: 30286697 PMCID: PMC6174642 DOI: 10.1177/1533033818801323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the characteristics and treatment plans of patients who experienced fatal radiation pneumonitis after stereotactic body radiation therapy for primary or oligometastatic lung cancer. Records of 1789 patients treated with stereotactic body radiation therapy for primary or oligometastatic lung cancer were retrospectively reviewed to identify those who developed fatal radiation pneumonitis. Twenty-three (1.3%; 18 men and 5 women) patients developed fatal radiation pneumonitis after stereotactic body radiation therapy for lung cancer; their median age was 74 years. The mean Krebs von den Lungen-6 level and percent vital capacity were 1320 U/mL and 82%, respectively. Prestereotactic body radiation therapy computed tomography revealed pulmonary interstitial change in 14 (73.7%) of 19 patients in whom computed tomography data could be reviewed. Seven (30.4%) of 23 patients had regularly used steroids. The median time duration between stereotactic body radiation therapy commencement and pneumonia symptom appearance was 75 (range: 14-204) days. Median survival time following pneumonia symptom appearance was 53 (range: 4-802) days. The 6- and 12-month overall survival rates were 34.8% and 13.0%, respectively. The 6-month overall survival rates in patients with and without heart disease were 50.0%, 16.7%, and 46.7% for heart disease existence, respectively. There were 4 patients in whom fatal radiation pneumonitis occurred within 2 months after stereotactic body radiation therapy and who died within 1 month. Three of them had no pulmonary interstitial change before stereotactic body radiation therapy, but had heart disease. In summary, the survival time in this case series was generally short but varied widely. More than half of the patients had pulmonary interstitial change before stereotactic body radiation therapy, although immediately progressive fatal radiation pneumonitis was also observed in patients without pulmonary interstitial change. True risk factors for fatal radiation pneumonitis should be examined in a prospective study with a larger cohort.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Onishi
- 1 Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Kan Marino
- 1 Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Hideomi Yamashita
- 2 Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsuro Terahara
- 3 Department of Radiology, Toho University Omori Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rikiya Onimaru
- 4 Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masaki Kokubo
- 5 Department of Radiation Oncology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | | | - Takuyo Kozuka
- 7 Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Institute Hospital of the Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukinori Matsuo
- 8 Department of Radiation Oncology and Image-applied Therapy, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takashi Aruga
- 9 Department of Radiation Oncology, Funabashi Municipal Medical Center, Funabashi, Japan
| | - Masahiro Hiraoka
- 8 Department of Radiation Oncology and Image-applied Therapy, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Xiao Z, Wang C, Zhou M, Hu S, Jiang Y, Huang X, Li N, Feng J, Tang F, Chen X, Ding J, Chen L, Wang Y, Li X. Clinical efficacy and safety of Aidi injection plus paclitaxel-based chemotherapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer: A meta-analysis of 31 randomized controlled trials following the PRISMA guidelines. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 228:110-122. [PMID: 30243827 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE As an important Chinese herb injection, Aidi injection is composed of the extracts from Astragalus, Eleutherococcus senticosus, Ginseng, and Cantharis. Aidi injection plus paclitaxel-based chemotherapy is often used to in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in China. AIM OF THE STUDY The objective of this study is to further confirm whether Aidi injection can improve the tumor responses and survivals, and reveal its safety, optimal usage and combination with paclitaxel. MATERIALS AND METHODS A meta-analysis was performed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. All randomized controlled trials (RCTs) concerning the Aidi injection plus paclitaxel-based chemotherapy for NSCLC were selected. Main outcomes were objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), survivals, quality of life (QOL) and adverse drug reactions (ADRs). All data were extracted by using a standard data extraction form and synthesized through meta-analysis. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach was used for rating the quality of evidence. RESULTS Thirty-one RCTs involving 2058 patients were included, and most trials had an unclear methodological bias risk. The risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of ORR, DCR, QOL, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, gastrointestinal toxicity and liver injury were as following: 1.32 (1.20-1.46), 1.14 (1.09-1.20), 1.89 (1.66-2.16), 0.61 (0.51-0.74), 0.62 (0.45-0.87), 0.59 (0.49-0.72) and 0.52 (0.36-0.75). Compared to chemotherapy alone, all differences were statistically significant. Subgroup analysis showed that only with the TP, Aidi injection could increase the ORR and DCR. Treatment with 100 ml, 80 ml or 50 ml/time, and 14 days/2 cycles or 21 days/2-4 cycles, Aidi injection could increase the ORR and DCR, respectively. Sensitivity analysis showed that the results had good robustness. None of the trials reported the overall survivals (OS), progression free survival (PFS). The quality of evidences was moderate. CONCLUSIONS Current moderate evidence revealed that Aidi injection plus paclitaxel-based chemotherapy, especially TP can significantly improve the clinical efficacy and QOL for patients with stage III/IV NSCLC. Aidi injection can relieve the risk of hematotoxicity, gastrointestinal toxicity and liver injury in patient with NSCLC receiving paclitaxel-based chemotherapy. The optimal usage may be 50 ml/time and 14 days/2 cycles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Xiao
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, MOE Virtual Research Center of Evidence-based Medicine at Zunyi Medical College, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, Guizhou, China; Department of Respiratory Medicine (Center for Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine of major infectious diseases), Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, Guizhou, China.
| | - Chengqiong Wang
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, MOE Virtual Research Center of Evidence-based Medicine at Zunyi Medical College, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, Guizhou, China; Department of Respiratory Medicine (Center for Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine of major infectious diseases), Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, Guizhou, China.
| | - Minghua Zhou
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, MOE Virtual Research Center of Evidence-based Medicine at Zunyi Medical College, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, Guizhou, China.
| | - Shanshan Hu
- GCP Center, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, Guizhou, China.
| | - Yuan Jiang
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, MOE Virtual Research Center of Evidence-based Medicine at Zunyi Medical College, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, Guizhou, China.
| | - Xiaorong Huang
- GCP Center, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, Guizhou, China.
| | - Nana Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine (Center for Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine of major infectious diseases), Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, Guizhou, China.
| | - Jihong Feng
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, Guizhou, China.
| | - Fushan Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, Guizhou, China.
| | - Xiaofan Chen
- Evidence-Based Medicine Research Centre, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Jie Ding
- Outpatient Department of Psychological Counseling Clinic, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, Guizhou, China.
| | - Ling Chen
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, MOE Virtual Research Center of Evidence-based Medicine at Zunyi Medical College, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, Guizhou, China; Department of Respiratory Medicine (Center for Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine of major infectious diseases), Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, Guizhou, China.
| | - Yuhe Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, Guizhou, China.
| | - Xiaofei Li
- Special Key Laboratory of Special Antitumor Drugs of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, Guizhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Kim SJ, Lee JW, Kang MK, Kim JC, Lee JE, Park SH, Kim MY, Lee SJ, Moon SH, Ko BS. Evaluation of the hybrid-dynamic conformal arc therapy technique for radiotherapy of lung cancer. Radiat Oncol J 2018; 36:241-247. [PMID: 30309216 PMCID: PMC6226139 DOI: 10.3857/roj.2018.00171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose A hybrid-dynamic conformal arc therapy (HDCAT) technique consisting of a single half-rotated dynamic conformal arc beam and static field-in-field beams in two directions was designed and evaluated in terms of dosimetric benefits for radiotherapy of lung cancer. Materials and Methods This planning study was performed in 20 lung cancer cases treated with the VERO system (BrainLAB AG, Feldkirchen, Germany). Dosimetric parameters of HDCAT plans were compared with those of three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) plans in terms of target volume coverage, dose conformity, and sparing of organs at risk. Results HDCAT showed better dose conformity compared with 3D-CRT (conformity index: 0.74 ± 0.06 vs. 0.62 ± 0.06, p < 0.001). HDCAT significantly reduced the lung volume receiving more than 20 Gy (V20: 21.4% ± 8.2% vs. 24.5% ± 8.8%, p < 0.001; V30: 14.2% ± 6.1% vs. 15.1% ± 6.4%, p = 0.02; V40: 8.8% ± 3.9% vs. 10.3% ± 4.5%, p < 0.001; and V50: 5.7% ± 2.7% vs. 7.1% ± 3.2%, p < 0.001), V40 and V50 of the heart (V40: 5.2 ± 3.9 Gy vs. 7.6 ± 5.5 Gy, p < 0.001; V50: 1.8 ± 1.6 Gy vs. 3.1 ± 2.8 Gy, p = 0.001), and the maximum spinal cord dose (34.8 ± 9.4 Gy vs. 42.5 ± 7.8 Gy, p < 0.001) compared with 3D-CRT. conclusions HDCAT could achieve highly conformal target coverage and reduce the doses to critical organs such as the lung, heart, and spinal cord compared to 3D-CRT for the treatment of lung cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sung Joon Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jeong Won Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Min Kyu Kang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jae-Chul Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jeong Eun Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Shin-Hyung Park
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Mi Young Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Seoung-Jun Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Soo-Ho Moon
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Byoung-Soo Ko
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Xiao Z, Wang CQ, Zhou MH, Li NN, Liu SY, He YJ, Wang YZ, Feng JH, Yao XS, Chen L, Ma B, Yu S, Zeng XT, Li CW, Ding J. Clinical efficacy and safety of CIK plus radiotherapy for lung cancer: A meta-analysis of 16 randomized controlled trials. Int Immunopharmacol 2018; 61:363-375. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2018.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
35
|
Luo Y, McShan DL, Matuszak MM, Ray D, Lawrence TS, Jolly S, Kong FM, Ten Haken RK, Naqa IE. A multiobjective Bayesian networks approach for joint prediction of tumor local control and radiation pneumonitis in nonsmall-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) for response-adapted radiotherapy. Med Phys 2018; 45:10.1002/mp.13029. [PMID: 29862533 PMCID: PMC6279602 DOI: 10.1002/mp.13029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Individualization of therapeutic outcomes in NSCLC radiotherapy is likely to be compromised by the lack of proper balance of biophysical factors affecting both tumor local control (LC) and side effects such as radiation pneumonitis (RP), which are likely to be intertwined. Here, we compare the performance of separate and joint outcomes predictions for response-adapted personalized treatment planning. METHODS A total of 118 NSCLC patients treated on prospective protocols with 32 cases of local progression and 20 cases of RP grade 2 or higher (RP2) were studied. Sixty-eight patients with 297 features before and during radiotherapy were used for discovery and 50 patients were reserved for independent testing. A multiobjective Bayesian network (MO-BN) approach was developed to identify important features for joint LC/RP2 prediction using extended Markov blankets as inputs to develop a BN predictive structure. Cross-validation (CV) was used to guide the MO-BN structure learning. Area under the free-response receiver operating characteristic (AU-FROC) curve was used to evaluate joint prediction performance. RESULTS Important features including single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), micro RNAs, pretreatment cytokines, pretreatment PET radiomics together with lung and tumor gEUDs were selected and their biophysical inter-relationships with radiation outcomes (LC and RP2) were identified in a pretreatment MO-BN. The joint LC/RP2 prediction yielded an AU-FROC of 0.80 (95% CI: 0.70-0.86) upon internal CV. This improved to 0.85 (0.75-0.91) with additional two SNPs, changes in one cytokine and two radiomics PET image features through the course of radiotherapy in a during-treatment MO-BN. This MO-BN model outperformed combined single-objective Bayesian networks (SO-BNs) during-treatment [0.78 (0.67-0.84)]. AU-FROC values in the evaluation of the MO-BN and individual SO-BNs on the testing dataset were 0.77 and 0.68 for pretreatment, and 0.79 and 0.71 for during-treatment, respectively. CONCLUSIONS MO-BNs can reveal possible biophysical cross-talks between competing radiotherapy clinical endpoints. The prediction is improved by providing additional during-treatment information. The developed MO-BNs can be an important component of decision support systems for personalized response-adapted radiotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Luo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48103 United States
| | - Daniel L. McShan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48103 United States
| | - Martha M. Matuszak
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48103 United States
| | - Dipankar Ray
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48103 United States
| | - Theodore S. Lawrence
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48103 United States
| | - Shruti Jolly
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48103 United States
| | - Feng-Ming Kong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, 46202 United States
| | - Randall K. Ten Haken
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48103 United States
| | - Issam El Naqa
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48103 United States
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Decorin-Modified Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) Attenuate Radiation-Induced Lung Injuries via Regulating Inflammation, Fibrotic Factors, and Immune Responses. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2018; 101:945-956. [PMID: 29976507 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2018.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Revised: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the therapeutic effects of decorin (DCN)-modified mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on radiation-induced lung injuries (RILIs) and to clarify the underlying mechanisms. METHODS AND MATERIALS Umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were modified with Ad(E1-).DCN to generate DCN-expressing MSCs (DCN-modified MSCs [MSCs.DCN]). In an experimental mouse model of RILI, MSCs.DCN and MSCs.Null [MSCs modified with Ad(E1-).Null] were intravenously engrafted at 6 hours or 28 days after irradiation. The therapeutic effects on lung inflammation and fibrosis were evaluated by histopathologic analysis at 28 days and 3 months after irradiation. Inflammatory cytokines and chemokines were analyzed in both sera and lung tissues, and subtypes of T lymphocytes including regulatory T cells (Tregs) were analyzed in the peripheral blood and spleen. RESULTS Both MSC treatments could alleviate histopathologic injuries by reducing lymphocyte infiltration, decreasing apoptosis, increasing proliferation of epithelial cells, and inhibiting fibrosis in the later phase. However, treatment with MSCs.DCN resulted in much more impressive therapeutic effects. Moreover, we discovered that MSC treatment reduced the expression of chemokines and inflammatory cytokines and increased the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines in both the peripheral blood and local pulmonary tissues. An important finding was that MSCs.DCN were much more effective in inducing interferon-γ expression, inhibiting collagen type III α1 expression in pulmonary tissues, and decreasing the proportion of Tregs. Furthermore, our data suggested that treatment during the acute phase (6 hours) after irradiation evoked much stronger responses both in attenuating inflammation and in inhibiting fibrosis than in the later phase (28 days). CONCLUSIONS MSCs.DCN could attenuate acute inflammation after irradiation and significantly inhibit later fibrosis. Likewise, DCN enhanced the functions of MSCs by targeting profibrotic factors and Tregs.
Collapse
|
37
|
Patient-reported lung symptoms as an early signal of impending radiation pneumonitis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer treated with chemoradiation: an observational study. Qual Life Res 2018; 27:1563-1570. [PMID: 29549533 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-018-1834-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Clinician ratings of concurrent chemoradiation (CRT)-induced radiation pneumonitis (RP) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are based on both imaging and patient-reported lung symptoms. We compared the value of patient-reported outcomes versus normal-lung uptake of 18F-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose in positron emission computed tomography (FDG PET/CT) during the last week of treatment, for indicating the development of grade ≥ 2 RP within 4 months of CRT completion. METHODS 132 patients with NSCLC-reported RP-related symptoms (coughing, shortness of breath) repeatedly using the validated MD Anderson Symptom Inventory lung cancer module. Of these patients, 68 had FDG PET/CT scans that were analyzed for normal-lung mean standardized FDG uptake values (SUVmean) before, during, and up to 4 months after CRT. Clinicians rated RP using CTCAE version 3. Logistic regression models examined potential predictors for developing CTCAE RP ≥ 2. RESULTS For the entire sample, patient-rated RP-related symptoms during the last week of CRT correlated with clinically meaningful CTCAE RP ≥ 2 post-CRT (OR 2.74, 95% CI 1.25-5.99, P = 0.012), controlled for sex, age, mean lung radiation dose, comorbidity, and baseline symptoms. Moderate/severe patient-rated RP-related symptom score (≥ 4 on a 0-10 scale, P = 0.001) and normal-lung FDG uptake (SUVmean > 0.78, P = 0.002) in last week of CRT were equally strong predictors of post-CRT CTCAE RP ≥ 2 (C-index = 0.78, 0.77). CONCLUSIONS During the last week of CRT, routine assessment of moderate-to-severe RP-related symptoms provides a simple way to identify patients with NSCLC who may be at risk for developing significant post-CRT RP, especially when PET/CT images of normal-lung FDG uptake are not available.
Collapse
|
38
|
Kim JY, An YM, Yoo BR, Kim JM, Han SY, Na Y, Lee YS, Cho J. HSP27 inhibitor attenuates radiation-induced pulmonary inflammation. Sci Rep 2018; 8:4189. [PMID: 29520071 PMCID: PMC5843649 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-22635-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiation therapy has been used to treat over 70% of thoracic cancer; however, the method usually causes radiation pneumonitis. In the current study, we investigated the radioprotective effects of HSP27 inhibitor (J2) on radiation-induced lung inflammation in comparison to amifostine. In gross and histological findings, J2 treatment significantly inhibited immune cell infiltration in lung tissue, revealing anti-inflammatory potential of J2. Normal lung volume, evaluated by micro-CT analysis, in J2-treated mice was higher compared to that in irradiated mice. J2-treated mice reversed radiation-induced respiratory distress. However, amifostine did not show significant radioprotective effects in comparison to that of J2. In HSP27 transgenic mice, we observed increased immune cells recruitment and decreased volume of normal lung compared to wild type mice. Increased ROS production and oxidative stress after IR were down-regulated by J2 treatment, demonstrating antioxidant property of J2. The entire data of this study collectively showed that J2 may be an effective therapeutic agent for radiation-induced lung injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jee-Youn Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Min An
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong Rok Yoo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Mo Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Song Yee Han
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Younghwa Na
- College of Pharmacy, CHA University, Pocheon, 487-010, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yun-Sil Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Division of Life and Pharmaceutical Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jaeho Cho
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Groves AM, Johnston CJ, Williams JP, Finkelstein JN. Role of Infiltrating Monocytes in the Development of Radiation-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis. Radiat Res 2018; 189:300-311. [PMID: 29332538 DOI: 10.1667/rr14874.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Lung exposure to radiation induces an injury response that includes the release of cytokines and chemotactic mediators; these signals recruit immune cells to execute inflammatory and wound-healing processes. However, radiation alters the pulmonary microenvironment, dysregulating the immune responses and preventing a return to homeostasis. Importantly, dysregulation is observed as a chronic inflammation, which can progress into pneumonitis and promote pulmonary fibrosis; inflammatory monocytes, which are bone marrow derived and express CCR2, have been shown to migrate into the lung after radiation exposure. Although the extent to which recruited inflammatory monocytes contribute to radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis has not been fully investigated, we hypothesize that its pathogenesis is reliant on this population. The CC chemokine ligand, CCL2, is a chemotactic mediator responsible for trafficking of CCR2+ inflammatory cells into the lung. Therefore, the contribution of this mediator to fibrosis development was analyzed. Interleukin (IL)-1β, a potent pro-inflammatory cytokine expressed during the radiation response, and its receptor, IL-1R1, were also evaluated. To this end, CCR2-/-, IL-1β-/- and IL-1R1-/- chimeric mice were generated and exposed to 12.5 Gy thoracic radiation, and their response was compared to wild-type (C57BL/6) syngeneic controls. Fibrotic foci were observed in the periphery of the lungs of C57 syngeneic mice and CCR2-/- recipient mice that received C57 bone marrow (C57 > CCR2-/-) by 16 and 12 weeks after irradiation, respectively. In contrast, in the mice that had received bone marrow lacking CCR2 (CCR2-/- > C57 and CCR2-/- syngeneic mice), no pulmonary fibrosis was observed at 22 weeks postirradiation. This observation correlated with decreased numbers of infiltrating and interstitial macrophages compared to controls, as well as reduced proportions of pro-inflammatory Ly6C+ macrophages observed at 12-18 weeks postirradiation, suggesting that CCR2+ macrophages contribute to radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Interestingly, reduced proportions of CD206+ lung macrophages were also present at these time points in CCR2-/- chimeric mice, regardless of donor bone marrow type, suggesting that the phenotype of resident subsets may be influenced by CCR2. Furthermore, chimeras, in which either IL-1β was ablated from infiltrating cells or IL-1R1 from lung tissues, were also protected from fibrosis development, correlating with attenuated CCL2 production; these data suggest that IL-1β may influence chemotactic signaling after irradiation. Overall, our data suggest that CCR2+ infiltrating monocyte-derived macrophages may play a critical role in the development of radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angela M Groves
- Department of a Pediatrics M&D Neonatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
| | - Carl J Johnston
- Department of a Pediatrics M&D Neonatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York.,b Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
| | - Jacqueline P Williams
- b Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
| | - Jacob N Finkelstein
- Department of a Pediatrics M&D Neonatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York.,b Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Perez JR, Ybarra N, Chagnon F, Serban M, Pare G, Lesur O, Seuntjens J, Naqa IE. Image-Guided Fluorescence Endomicroscopy: From Macro- to Micro-Imaging of Radiation-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:17829. [PMID: 29259252 PMCID: PMC5736547 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-18070-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis (RIPF) is a debilitating side effect of radiation therapy (RT) of several cancers including lung and breast cancers. Current clinical methods to assess and monitor RIPF involve diagnostic computed tomography (CT) imaging, which is restricted to anatomical macroscopic changes. Confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE) or fluorescence endomicroscopy (FE) in combination with a fibrosis-targeted fluorescent probe allows to visualize RIPF in real-time at the microscopic level. However, a major limitation of FE imaging is the lack of anatomical localization of the endomicroscope within the lung. In this work, we proposed and validated the use of x-ray fluoroscopy-guidance in a rat model of RIPF to pinpoint the location of the endomicroscope during FE imaging and map it back to its anatomical location in the corresponding CT image. For varying endomicroscope positions, we observed a positive correlation between CT and FE imaging as indicated by the significant association between increased lung density on CT and the presence of fluorescent fiber structures with FE in RT cases compared to Control. Combining multimodality imaging allows visualization and quantification of molecular processes at specific locations within the injured lung. The proposed image-guided FE method can be extended to other disease models and is amenable to clinical translation for assessing and monitoring fibrotic damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica R Perez
- McGill University, Biomedical Engineering, Montreal, H4A 3J1, Canada. .,McGill University Health Center, Medical Physics, Montreal, H4A 3J1, Canada.
| | - Norma Ybarra
- McGill University Health Center, Medical Physics, Montreal, H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Frederic Chagnon
- Sherbrooke University, Intensive Care Unit and Pulmonology, Sherbrooke, J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Monica Serban
- McGill University Health Center, Medical Physics, Montreal, H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Gabriel Pare
- Sherbrooke University, Intensive Care Unit and Pulmonology, Sherbrooke, J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Olivier Lesur
- Sherbrooke University, Intensive Care Unit and Pulmonology, Sherbrooke, J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Jan Seuntjens
- McGill University Health Center, Medical Physics, Montreal, H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Issam El Naqa
- McGill University Health Center, Medical Physics, Montreal, H4A 3J1, Canada.,University of Michigan, Radiation Oncology, Ann Arbor, MI, 48103-4943, USA
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Geng C, Paganetti H, Grassberger C. Prediction of Treatment Response for Combined Chemo- and Radiation Therapy for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients Using a Bio-Mathematical Model. Sci Rep 2017; 7:13542. [PMID: 29051600 PMCID: PMC5648928 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13646-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The goal of this work was to develop a mathematical model to predict Kaplan-Meier survival curves for chemotherapy combined with radiation in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer patients for use in clinical trial design. The Gompertz model was used to describe tumor growth, radiation effect was simulated by the linear-quadratic model with an α/β-ratio of 10, and chemotherapy effect was based on the log-cell kill model. To account for repopulation during treatment, we considered two independent methods: 1) kickoff-repopulation using exponential growth with a decreased volume doubling time, or 2) Gompertz-repopulation using the gradually accelerating growth rate with tumor shrinkage. The input parameters were independently estimated by fitting to the SEER database for untreated tumors, RTOG-8808 for radiation only, and RTOG-9410 for sequential chemo-radiation. Applying the model, the benefit from concurrent chemo-radiation comparing to sequential for stage III patients was predicted to be a 6.6% and 6.2% improvement in overall survival for 3 and 5-years respectively, comparing well to the 5.3% and 4.5% observed in RTOG-9410. In summary, a mathematical model was developed to model tumor growth over extended periods of time, and can be used for the optimization of combined chemo-radiation scheduling and sequencing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Changran Geng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 30 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
- Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, People's Republic of China.
| | - Harald Paganetti
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 30 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Clemens Grassberger
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 30 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Nagarajan D, Wang L, Zhao W, Han X. Trichostatin A inhibits radiation-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in the alveolar epithelial cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:101745-101759. [PMID: 29254201 PMCID: PMC5731911 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation-induced pneumonitis and fibrosis are major complications following thoracic radiotherapy. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays an important role in tissue injury leading to organ fibrosis, including lung. Our previous studies have reported that radiation can induce EMT in the type II alveolar epithelial cells in both in vitro and in vivo. HDAC inhibitors are a new family of anti-cancer agents currently being used in several clinical trials. In addition to their intrinsic anti-tumor properties, HDAC inhibition is also important in other human diseases, including fibrosis and radiation-induced damage. In this study, we evaluated the effect of Trichostatin A (TSA), a HDAC inhibitor, on radiation-induced EMT in type II alveolar epithelial cells (RLE-6TN). Pre-treatment of RLE-6TN cells with TSA inhibited radiation-induced EMT-like morphological alterations including elevated protein level of α-SMA and Snail, reduction of E-cadherin expression, enhanced phosphorylation of GSK3β and ERK1/2, increased generation of ROS. Radiation enhanced the protein level of TGF-β1, which was blocked by N-acetylcysteine, an antioxidant. Treating cells with SB-431542, TGF-β1 type I receptor inhibitor, diminished radiation-induced alterations in the protein levels of p-GSK-3β, Snail-1 and α-SMA, suggesting a regulatory role of TGF-β1 in EMT. Pre-incubation of cells with TSA showed significant decrease in the level of TGF-β1 compared to radiation control. Collectively, these results demonstrate that i] radiation-induced EMT in RLE-6TN cells is mediated by ROS/MEK/ERK and ROS/TGF-β1 signaling pathways and ii] the inhibitory role of TSA in radiation-induced EMT appears to be due, at least in part, to its action of blocking ROS and TGF-β1 signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Devipriya Nagarajan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.,School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Weiling Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.,Tangshan People's Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaochen Han
- Tangshan People's Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Gkika E, Vach W, Adebahr S, Schimeck-Jasch T, Brenner A, Brunner TB, Kaier K, Prasse A, Müller-Quernheim J, Grosu AL, Zissel G, Nestle U. Is serum level of CC chemokine ligand 18 a biomarker for the prediction of radiation induced lung toxicity (RILT)? PLoS One 2017; 12:e0185350. [PMID: 28957436 PMCID: PMC5619767 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0185350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The CC chemokine ligand 18 (CCL18) is produced by alveolar macrophages in patients with fibrosing lung disease and its concentration is increased in various fibrotic lung diseases. Furthermore CCL18 is elevated in several malignancies as it is produced by tumor associated macrophages. In this study we aimed to analyze the role of CCL18 as a prognostic biomarker for the development of early radiation induced lung toxicity (RILT), i.e. radiation pneumonitis after thoracic irradiation and its significance in the course of the disease. Sixty seven patients were enrolled prospectively in the study. Patients were treated with irradiation for several thoracic malignancies (lung cancer, esophageal cancer, thymoma), either with conventionally fractionated or hypo-fractionated radiotherapy. The CCL18 serum levels were quantified with ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) at predefined time points: before, during and at the end of treatment as well as in the first and second follow-up. Treatment parameters and functional tests were also correlated with the development of RILT.Fifty three patients were evaluable for this study. Twenty one patients (39%) developed radiologic signs of RILT Grade >1 but only three of them (5.6%) developed clinical symptoms (Grade 2). We could not find any association between the different CCL18 concentrations and a higher incidence of RILT. Statistical significant factors were the planning target volume (odds ratio OR: 1.003, p = 0.010), the volume of the lung receiving > 20 Gy (OR: 1.132 p = 0.004) and age (OR: 0.917, p = 0.008). There was no association between serial CCL18 concentrations with tumor response and overall survival.In our study the dosimetric parameters remained the most potent predictors of RILT. Further studies are needed in order to estimate the role of CCL18 in the development of early RILT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Gkika
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical Center – University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Werner Vach
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, Medical Faculty & Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sonja Adebahr
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical Center – University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tanja Schimeck-Jasch
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical Center – University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Anton Brenner
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical Center – University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Baptist Brunner
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical Center – University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Klaus Kaier
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, Medical Faculty & Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Antje Prasse
- Department of Pneumology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Anca-Ligia Grosu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical Center – University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Gernot Zissel
- Department of Pneumology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ursula Nestle
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical Center – University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Hawkins PG, Boonstra PS, Hobson ST, Hearn JWD, Hayman JA, Ten Haken RK, Matuszak MM, Stanton P, Kalemkerian GP, Ramnath N, Lawrence TS, Schipper MJ, Spring Kong FM, Jolly S. Radiation-induced lung toxicity in non-small-cell lung cancer: Understanding the interactions of clinical factors and cytokines with the dose-toxicity relationship. Radiother Oncol 2017; 125:66-72. [PMID: 28947099 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2017.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Current methods to estimate risk of radiation-induced lung toxicity (RILT) rely on dosimetric parameters. We aimed to improve prognostication by incorporating clinical and cytokine data, and to investigate how these factors may interact with the effect of mean lung dose (MLD) on RILT. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data from 125 patients treated from 2004 to 2013 with definitive radiotherapy for stages I-III NSCLC on four prospective clinical trials were analyzed. Plasma levels of 30 cytokines were measured pretreatment, and at 2 and 4weeks midtreatment. Penalized logistic regression models based on combinations of MLD, clinical factors, and cytokine levels were developed. Cross-validated estimates of log-likelihood and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) were used to assess accuracy. RESULTS In prognosticating grade 3 or greater RILT by MLD alone, cross-validated log-likelihood and AUC were -28.2 and 0.637, respectively. Incorporating clinical features and baseline cytokine levels increased log-likelihood to -27.6 and AUC to 0.669. Midtreatment cytokine data did not further increase log-likelihood or AUC. Of the 30 cytokines measured, higher levels of 13 decreased the effect of MLD on RILT, corresponding to a lower odds ratio for RILT per Gy MLD, while higher levels of 4 increased the association. CONCLUSIONS Although the added prognostic benefit from cytokine data in our model was modest, understanding how clinical and biologic factors interact with the MLD-RILT relationship represents a novel framework for understanding and investigating the multiple factors contributing to radiation-induced toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter G Hawkins
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | | | - Stephen T Hobson
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Jason W D Hearn
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - James A Hayman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | | | - Martha M Matuszak
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Paul Stanton
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Gregory P Kalemkerian
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Nithya Ramnath
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | | | | | | | - Shruti Jolly
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Perez JR, Lee S, Ybarra N, Maria O, Serban M, Jeyaseelan K, Wang LM, Seuntjens J, Naqa IE. A comparative analysis of longitudinal computed tomography and histopathology for evaluating the potential of mesenchymal stem cells in mitigating radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9056. [PMID: 28831189 PMCID: PMC5567327 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09021-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis (RIPF) is a debilitating side effect that occurs in up to 30% of thoracic irradiations in breast and lung cancer patients. RIPF remains a major limiting factor to dose escalation and an obstacle to applying more promising new treatments for cancer cure. Limited treatment options are available to mitigate RIPF once it occurs, but recently, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and a drug treatment stimulating endogenous stem cells (GM-CSF) have been investigated for their potential in preventing this disease onset. In a pre-clinical rat model, we contrasted the application of longitudinal computed tomography (CT) imaging and classical histopathology to quantify RIPF and to evaluate the potential of MSCs in mitigating RIPF. Our results on histology demonstrate promises when MSCs are injected endotracheally (but not intravenously). While our CT analysis highlights the potential of GM-CSF treatment. Advantages and limitations of both analytical methods are contrasted in the context of RIPF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica R Perez
- McGill University, Biomedical Engineering, Montreal, H4A 3J1, Canada. .,McGill University Health Centre, Medical Physics Unit, Montreal, H4A 3J1, Canada.
| | - Sangkyu Lee
- McGill University Health Centre, Medical Physics Unit, Montreal, H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Norma Ybarra
- McGill University Health Centre, Medical Physics Unit, Montreal, H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Ola Maria
- McGill University Health Centre, Medical Physics Unit, Montreal, H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Monica Serban
- McGill University Health Centre, Medical Physics Unit, Montreal, H4A 3J1, Canada
| | | | - Li Ming Wang
- McGill University Health Centre, Medical Physics Unit, Montreal, H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Jan Seuntjens
- McGill University Health Centre, Medical Physics Unit, Montreal, H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Issam El Naqa
- McGill University, Biomedical Engineering, Montreal, H4A 3J1, Canada.,McGill University Health Centre, Medical Physics Unit, Montreal, H4A 3J1, Canada.,University of Michigan, Radiation Oncology, Ann Arbor, MI, 48103-4943, USA
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Deng G, Liang N, Xie J, Luo H, Qiao L, Zhang J, Wang D, Zhang J. Pulmonary toxicity generated from radiotherapeutic treatment of thoracic malignancies. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:501-511. [PMID: 28693198 PMCID: PMC5494764 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) remains a major obstacle for thoracic radiotherapy for the treatment of lung cancer, esophageal cancer and lymphoma. It is the principal dose-limiting complication, and can markedly impair the therapeutic ratio as well as a patient's quality of life. The current review presents the relevant concepts associated with RILI, including the pathogenic mechanisms and the potential treatment strategies, so as to achieve a general understanding of this issue. RILI comprises an acute radiation pneumonitis phase and subsequent late lung fibrosis. The established assessment criteria are clinical manifestations, imaging changes and the necessity for medical assistance. Risk factors are also considered in order to optimize treatment planning. Due to the underlying molecular mechanisms of RILI, the present review also discusses several targeted pharmacological approaches for its treatment, as well as corticosteroid therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guodong Deng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Ning Liang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Jian Xie
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Hui Luo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
| | - Lili Qiao
- Department of Oncology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250022, P.R. China
| | - Jingxin Zhang
- Division of Oncology, Graduate School, Weifang Medical College, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Dawei Wang
- Department of Radiology, Qianfoshan Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Jiandong Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Kainthola A, Haritwal T, Tiwari M, Gupta N, Parvez S, Tiwari M, Prakash H, Agrawala PK. Immunological Aspect of Radiation-Induced Pneumonitis, Current Treatment Strategies, and Future Prospects. Front Immunol 2017; 8:506. [PMID: 28512460 PMCID: PMC5411429 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Delivery of high doses of radiation to thoracic region, particularly with non-small cell lung cancer patients, becomes difficult due to subsequent complications arising in the lungs of the patient. Radiation-induced pneumonitis is an early event evident in most radiation exposed patients observed within 2-4 months of treatment and leading to fibrosis later. Several cytokines and inflammatory molecules interplay in the vicinity of the tissue developing radiation injury leading to pneumonitis and fibrosis. While certain cytokines may be exploited as biomarkers, they also appear to be a potent target of intervention at transcriptional level. Initiation and progression of pneumonitis and fibrosis thus are dynamic processes arising after few months to year after irradiation of the lung tissue. Currently, available treatment strategies are challenged by the major dose limiting complications that curtails success of the treatment as well as well being of the patient's future life. Several approaches have been in practice while many other are still being explored to overcome such complications. The current review gives a brief account of the immunological aspects, existing management practices, and suggests possible futuristic approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anup Kainthola
- Department of Radiation Genetics and Epigenetics, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - Teena Haritwal
- Department of Radiation Genetics and Epigenetics, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - Mrinialini Tiwari
- Department of Radiation Genetics and Epigenetics, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - Noopur Gupta
- Department of Radiation Genetics and Epigenetics, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - Suhel Parvez
- Department of Toxicology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
| | - Manisha Tiwari
- Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Hrideysh Prakash
- School of Life Sciences, Science complex, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Paban K. Agrawala
- Department of Radiation Genetics and Epigenetics, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
de Leve S, Wirsdörfer F, Cappuccini F, Schütze A, Meyer AV, Röck K, Thompson LF, Fischer JW, Stuschke M, Jendrossek V. Loss of CD73 prevents accumulation of alternatively activated macrophages and the formation of prefibrotic macrophage clusters in irradiated lungs. FASEB J 2017; 31:2869-2880. [PMID: 28325757 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201601228r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
While radiotherapy is a mainstay for cancer therapy, pneumonitis and fibrosis constitute dose-limiting side effects of thorax and whole body irradiation. So far, the contribution of immune cells to disease progression is largely unknown. Here we studied the role of ecto-5'-nucelotidase (CD73)/adenosine-induced changes in the myeloid compartment in radiation-induced lung fibrosis. C57BL/6 wild-type or CD73-/- mice received a single dose of whole thorax irradiation (WTI, 15 Gy). Myeloid cells were characterized in flow cytometric, histologic, and immunohistochemical analyses as well as RNA analyses. WTI induced a pronounced reduction of alveolar macrophages in both strains that recovered within 6 wk. Fibrosis development in wild-type mice was associated with a time-dependent deposition of hyaluronic acid (HA) and increased expression of markers for alternative activation on alveolar macrophages. These include the antiinflammatory macrophage mannose receptor and arginase-1. Further, macrophages accumulated in organized clusters and expressed profibrotic mediators at ≥25 wk after irradiation (fibrotic phase). Irradiated CD73-/- mice showed an altered regulation of components of the HA system and no clusters of alternatively activated macrophages. We speculate that accumulation of alternatively activated macrophages in organized clusters represents the origins of fibrotic foci after WTI and is promoted by a cross-talk between HA, CD73/adenosine signaling, and other profibrotic mediators.-De Leve, S., Wirsdörfer, F., Cappuccini, F., Schütze, A., Meyer, A. V., Röck, K., Thompson, L. F., Fischer, J. W., Stuschke, M., Jendrossek, V. Loss of CD73 prevents accumulation of alternatively activated macrophages and the formation of prefibrotic macrophage clusters in irradiated lungs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simone de Leve
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Florian Wirsdörfer
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Federica Cappuccini
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Alexandra Schütze
- Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Alina V Meyer
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Katharina Röck
- Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Linda F Thompson
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Jens W Fischer
- Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Martin Stuschke
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Verena Jendrossek
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany;
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Standardized Herbal Formula PM014 Inhibits Radiation-Induced Pulmonary Inflammation in Mice. Sci Rep 2017; 7:45001. [PMID: 28322297 PMCID: PMC5359558 DOI: 10.1038/srep45001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation therapy is widely used for thoracic cancers. However, it occasionally causes radiation-induced lung injuries, including pneumonitis and fibrosis. Chung-Sang-Bo-Ha-Tang (CSBHT) has been traditionally used to treat chronic pulmonary disease in Korea. PM014, a modified herbal formula derived from CSBHT, contains medicinal herbs of seven species. In our previous studies, PM014 exhibited anti-inflammatory effects in a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease model. In this study, we have evaluated the effects of PM014 on radiation-induced lung inflammation. Mice in the treatment group were orally administered PM014 six times for 2 weeks. Effects of PM014 on radiation pneumonitis were evaluated based on histological findings and differential cell count in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. PM014 treatment significantly inhibited immune cell recruitment and collagen deposition in lung tissue. Normal lung volume, evaluated by radiological analysis, in PM014-treated mice was higher compared to that in irradiated control mice. PM014-treated mice exhibited significant changes in inspiratory capacity, compliance and tissue damping and elastance. Additionally, PM014 treatment resulted in the downregulation of inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and fibrosis-related genes and a reduction in the transforming growth factor-β1-positive cell population in lung tissue. Thus, PM014 is a potent therapeutic agent for radiation-induced lung fibrosis and inflammation.
Collapse
|
50
|
Lan F, Jeudy J, Senan S, van Sornsen de Koste JR, D'Souza W, Tseng HH, Zhou J, Zhang H. Should regional ventilation function be considered during radiation treatment planning to prevent radiation-induced complications? Med Phys 2017; 43:5072. [PMID: 27587037 DOI: 10.1118/1.4960367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the incorporation of pretherapy regional ventilation function in predicting radiation fibrosis (RF) in stage III nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients treated with concurrent thoracic chemoradiotherapy. METHODS Thirty-seven patients with stage III NSCLC were retrospectively studied. Patients received one cycle of cisplatin-gemcitabine, followed by two to three cycles of cisplatin-etoposide concurrently with involved-field thoracic radiotherapy (46-66 Gy; 2 Gy/fraction). Pretherapy regional ventilation images of the lung were derived from 4D computed tomography via a density change-based algorithm with mass correction. In addition to the conventional dose-volume metrics (V20, V30, V40, and mean lung dose), dose-function metrics (fV20, fV30, fV40, and functional mean lung dose) were generated by combining regional ventilation and radiation dose. A new class of metrics was derived and referred to as dose-subvolume metrics (sV20, sV30, sV40, and subvolume mean lung dose); these were defined as the conventional dose-volume metrics computed on the functional lung. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) values and logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate these metrics in predicting hallmark characteristics of RF (lung consolidation, volume loss, and airway dilation). RESULTS AUC values for the dose-volume metrics in predicting lung consolidation, volume loss, and airway dilation were 0.65-0.69, 0.57-0.70, and 0.69-0.76, respectively. The respective ranges for dose-function metrics were 0.63-0.66, 0.61-0.71, and 0.72-0.80 and for dose-subvolume metrics were 0.50-0.65, 0.65-0.75, and 0.73-0.85. Using an AUC value = 0.70 as cutoff value suggested that at least one of each type of metrics (dose-volume, dose-function, dose-subvolume) was predictive for volume loss and airway dilation, whereas lung consolidation cannot be accurately predicted by any of the metrics. Logistic regression analyses showed that dose-function and dose-subvolume metrics were significant (P values ≤ 0.02) in predicting volume airway dilation. Likelihood ratio test showed that when combining dose-function and/or dose-subvolume metrics with dose-volume metrics, the achieved improvements of prediction accuracy on volume loss and airway dilation were significant (P values ≤ 0.04). CONCLUSIONS The authors' results demonstrated that the inclusion of regional ventilation function improved accuracy in predicting RF. In particular, dose-subvolume metrics provided a promising method for preventing radiation-induced pulmonary complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fujun Lan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201
| | - Jean Jeudy
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201
| | - Suresh Senan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, VU University Medical Center, P.O. Box 7057, Amsterdam 1007 MB, The Netherlands
| | - J R van Sornsen de Koste
- Department of Radiation Oncology, VU University Medical Center, P.O. Box 7057, Amsterdam 1007 MB, The Netherlands
| | - Warren D'Souza
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201
| | - Huan-Hsin Tseng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201
| | - Jinghao Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201
| |
Collapse
|