1
|
Kou XS, Li FF, Meng Y, Zhao JM, Liu SF, Zhang L. Multidisciplinary comprehensive treatment of massive hepatocellular carcinoma with hemorrhage: A case report and review of literature. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2024; 16:2225-2232. [PMID: 38764847 PMCID: PMC11099427 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v16.i5.2225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a major contributor to cancer-related deaths, is particularly prevalent in Asia, largely due to hepatitis B virus infection. Its prognosis is generally poor. This case report contributes to the medical literature by detailing a unique approach in treating a large HCC through multidisciplinary collaboration, particularly in patients with massive HCC complicated by ruptured bleeding, a scenario not extensively documented previously. CASE SUMMARY The patient presented with large HCC complicated by intratumoral bleeding. Treatment involved a multidisciplinary approach, providing individualized care. The strategy included drug-eluting bead transarterial chemoembolization, sorafenib-targeted therapy, laparoscopic partial hepatectomy, and standardized sintilimab monoclonal antibody therapy. Six months after treatment, the patient achieved complete radiological remission, with significant symptom relief. Imaging studies showed no lesions or recurrence, and clinical assessments confirmed complete remission. This report is notable as possibly the first documented case of successfully treating such complex HCC conditions through integrated multidisciplinary efforts, offering new insights and a reference for future similar cases. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated effective multidisciplinary treatment for massive HCC with intratumoral bleeding, providing insights for future similar cases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Shuai Kou
- The First Clinical Medical College, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Fan-Fan Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Yun Meng
- Department of Surgery, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Jian-Ming Zhao
- The First Clinical Medical College, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Sheng-Fen Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Lan Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Cabibbo G, Daniele B, Borzio M, Casadei-Gardini A, Cillo U, Colli A, Conforti M, Dadduzio V, Dionisi F, Farinati F, Gardini I, Giannini EG, Golfieri R, Guido M, Mega A, Cinquini M, Piscaglia F, Rimassa L, Romanini L, Pecorelli A, Sacco R, Scorsetti M, Viganò L, Vitale A, Trevisani F. Multidisciplinary treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma in 2023: Italian practice Treatment Guidelines of the Italian Association for the Study of the Liver (AISF), Italian Association of Medical Oncology (AIOM), Italian Association of Hepato-Bilio-Pancreatic Surgery (AICEP), Italian Association of Hospital Gastroenterologists (AIGO), Italian Association of Radiology and Clinical Oncology (AIRO), Italian Society of Pathological Anatomy and Diagnostic Cytology (SIAPeC-IAP), Italian Society of Surgery (SIC), Italian Society of Gastroenterology (SIGE), Italian Society of Medical and Interventional Radiology (SIRM), Italian Organ Transplant Society (SITO), and Association of Patients with Hepatitis and Liver Disease (EpaC) - Part II - Non-surgical treatments. Dig Liver Dis 2024; 56:394-405. [PMID: 38052656 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2023.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Worldwide, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third most common cause of cancer-related death. The remarkable improvements in treating HCC achieved in the last years have increased the complexity of its management. Following the need to have updated guidelines on the multidisciplinary treatment management of HCC, the Italian Scientific Societies involved in the management of this cancer have promoted the drafting of a new dedicated document. This document was drawn up according to the GRADE methodology needed to produce guidelines based on evidence. Here is presented the second part of guidelines, focused on the multidisciplinary tumor board of experts and non-surgical treatments of HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Cabibbo
- Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties PROMISE, University of Palermo, Gastroenterology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico "Paolo Giaccone", Palermo, Italy.
| | - Bruno Daniele
- Oncology Unit, Ospedale del Mare, ASL Napoli 1 Centro, Napoli, Italy
| | - Mauro Borzio
- Centro Diagnostico Italiano (CDI), Milano, Italy
| | - Andrea Casadei-Gardini
- Department of Oncology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Umberto Cillo
- General Surgery 2-Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation Unit, Padua University Hospital, 35128 Padua, Italy
| | - Agostino Colli
- Dipartimento di Medicina Trasfusionale ed Ematologia, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Vincenzo Dadduzio
- Medical Oncology Unit, "Mons. A.R.Dimiccoli" Hospital, Barletta, ASL BT, Italy
| | - Francesco Dionisi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute - Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Farinati
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; Gastroenterology Unit, Azienda Ospedale-Università di Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Ivan Gardini
- EpaC Onlus, Italian Liver Patient Association, Turin, Italy
| | - Edoardo Giovanni Giannini
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Rita Golfieri
- Alma Mater Studiorum" Bologna University, Bologna, Italy; Radiology Unit Madre Fortunata Toniolo Private Hospital, coordinator of Radiology centers Medipass Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Guido
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova - Italy
| | - Andrea Mega
- Department of Gastronterology, Regional Hospital Bolzano, Italy
| | - Michela Cinquini
- Oncology Department, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Fabio Piscaglia
- Division of Internal Medicine, Hepatobiliary and Immunoallergic Diseases, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Italy; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Lorenza Rimassa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy; Medical Oncology and Hematology Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Romanini
- Radiology Unit, Ospedale di Cremona, ASST Cremona, Cremona, Italy
| | - Anna Pecorelli
- Department of Radiology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Rodolfo Sacco
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71100 Foggia, Italy
| | - Marta Scorsetti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20090 Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy; Department of Radiotherapy and Radiosurgery, Humanitas Research Hospital IRCCS, Via Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Viganò
- Hepatobiliary Unit, Department of Minimally Invasive General & Oncologic Surgery, Humanitas Gavazzeni University Hospital, Viale M. Gavazzeni 21, 24125 Bergamo, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Viale Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20090 Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Vitale
- General Surgery 2-Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation Unit, Padua University Hospital, 35128 Padua, Italy
| | - Franco Trevisani
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy; Unit of Semeiotics, Liver and Alcohol-Related Diseases, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Cabibbo G, Daniele B, Borzio M, Casadei-Gardini A, Cillo U, Colli A, Conforti M, Dadduzio V, Dionisi F, Farinati F, Gardini I, Giannini EG, Golfieri R, Guido M, Mega A, Minozzi S, Piscaglia F, Rimassa L, Romanini L, Pecorelli A, Sacco R, Scorsetti M, Viganò L, Vitale A, Trevisani F. Multidisciplinary Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in 2023: Italian practice Treatment Guidelines of the Italian Association for the Study of the Liver (AISF), Italian Association of Medical Oncology (AIOM), Italian Association of Hepato-Bilio-Pancreatic Surgery (AICEP), Italian Association of Hospital Gastroenterologists (AIGO), Italian Association of Radiology and Clinical Oncology (AIRO), Italian Society of Pathological Anatomy and Diagnostic Cytology (SIAPeC-IAP), Italian Society of Surgery (SIC), Italian Society of Gastroenterology (SIGE), Italian Society of Medical and Interventional Radiology (SIRM), Italian Organ Transplant Society (SITO), and Association of Patients with Hepatitis and Liver Disease (EpaC) - Part I - Surgical treatments. Dig Liver Dis 2024; 56:223-234. [PMID: 38030455 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2023.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Worldwide, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third most common cause of cancer-related death. The remarkable improvements in treating HCC achieved in the last years have increased the complexity of HCC management. Following the need to have updated guidelines on the multidisciplinary treatment management of HCC, the Italian Scientific Societies involved in the management of this cancer have promoted the drafting of a new dedicated document. This document was drawn up according to the GRADE methodology needed to produce guidelines based on evidence. Here is presented the first part of guidelines, focused on the multidisciplinary tumor board of experts and surgical treatments of HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Cabibbo
- Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties PROMISE, University of Palermo, Italy; Gastroenterology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico "Paolo Giaccone", Palermo, Italy.
| | - Bruno Daniele
- Oncology Unit, Ospedale del Mare, ASL Napoli 1 Centro, Napoli, Italy
| | - Mauro Borzio
- Centro Diagnostico Italiano (CDI), Milano, Italy
| | - Andrea Casadei-Gardini
- Department of Oncology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Umberto Cillo
- General Surgery 2-Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation Unit, Padua University Hospital, 35128 Padua, Italy
| | - Agostino Colli
- Dipartimento di Medicina Trasfusionale ed Ematologia, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Vincenzo Dadduzio
- Medical Oncology Unit, "Mons. A.R.Dimiccoli" Hospital, Barletta, ASL BT, Italy
| | - Francesco Dionisi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute - Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Farinati
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; Gastroenterology Unit, Azienda Ospedale-Università di Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Ivan Gardini
- EpaC Onlus, Italian Liver Patient Association, Turin, Italy
| | - Edoardo Giovanni Giannini
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Rita Golfieri
- Alma Mater Studiorum" Bologna University, Bologna, Italy; Radiology Unit Madre Fortunata Toniolo Private Hospital, coordinator of Radiology centers Medipass Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Guido
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova- Italy
| | - Andrea Mega
- Department of Gastronterology, Regional Hospital Bolzano, Italy
| | - Silvia Minozzi
- Oncology Department, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Fabio Piscaglia
- Division of Internal Medicine, Hepatobiliary and Immunoallergic Diseases, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Italy; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Lorenza Rimassa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy; Medical Oncology and Hematology Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Romanini
- Radiology Unit, Ospedale di Cremona, ASST Cremona, Cremona, Italy
| | - Anna Pecorelli
- Department of Radiology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Rodolfo Sacco
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71100 Foggia, Italy
| | - Marta Scorsetti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20090 Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy; Department of Radiotherapy and Radiosurgery, Humanitas Research Hospital IRCCS, Via Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Viganò
- Hepatobiliary Unit, Department of Minimally Invasive General & Oncologic Surgery, Humanitas Gavazzeni University Hospital, Viale M. Gavazzeni 21, 24125 Bergamo, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Viale Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20090 Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Vitale
- General Surgery 2-Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation Unit, Padua University Hospital, 35128 Padua, Italy
| | - Franco Trevisani
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy; Unit of Semeiotics, Liver and Alcohol-Related Diseases, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li X, Bai X, Tang Y, Qiao C, Zhao R, Peng X. Research progress on the P2X7 receptor in liver injury and hepatocellular carcinoma. Chem Biol Drug Des 2023; 101:794-808. [PMID: 36403102 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Purinergic ligand-gated ion channel 7 receptor (P2X7 receptor) is an adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-gated ion channel that is widely distributed on the surfaces of immune cells and tissues such as those in the liver, kidney, lung, intestine, and nervous system. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignancies with increasing incidence and mortality. Although many treatments for liver cancer have been studied, the prognosis for liver cancer is still very poor. Therefore, new liver cancer treatments are urgently needed. P2X7 receptor activation can secrete proinflammatory factors through the P2X7 receptor-NLRP3 signaling pathway, thereby affecting the progression of liver injury. The P2X7 receptor may be a target for growth inhibition of HCC cells and may affect the invasion and migration of HCC cells through the PI3K/AKT and AMPK signaling pathways. In recent years, P2X7 receptor antagonists or inhibitors have attracted widespread attention as therapeutic targets for hepatocellular carcinoma and liver injury. Therefore, this review covers the basic concepts of the P2X7 receptor and role of the P2X7 receptor in liver cancer and liver injury, providing new potential therapeutic targets for hepatocellular carcinoma and liver injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Li
- School of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China.,Institutional Key Laboratory of clinical laboratory Diagnostics, 12th 5-Year project of Shandong Province, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Xue Bai
- School of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China.,Institutional Key Laboratory of clinical laboratory Diagnostics, 12th 5-Year project of Shandong Province, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Yiqing Tang
- School of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China.,Institutional Key Laboratory of clinical laboratory Diagnostics, 12th 5-Year project of Shandong Province, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Cuicui Qiao
- School of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China.,Institutional Key Laboratory of clinical laboratory Diagnostics, 12th 5-Year project of Shandong Province, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Ronglan Zhao
- School of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China.,Institutional Key Laboratory of clinical laboratory Diagnostics, 12th 5-Year project of Shandong Province, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Xiaoxiang Peng
- School of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China.,Institutional Key Laboratory of clinical laboratory Diagnostics, 12th 5-Year project of Shandong Province, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tang X, Chen W, Liu H, Liu N, Chen D, Tian D, Wang J. Research progress on SLC7A11 in the regulation of cystine/cysteine metabolism in tumors. Oncol Lett 2022; 23:47. [PMID: 34992680 PMCID: PMC8721856 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.13165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11) is a major transporter regulating cysteine metabolism and is widely expressed in a variety of tumor cells. SLC7A11 plays an important role in the occurrence, development, invasion and metastasis of tumors by regulating the transport of cysteine in the tumor microenvironment. SLC7A11 is expected to become a new therapeutic target and prognostic indicator for the individualized treatment of patients. According to relevant research reports, SLC7A11 can predict the stages and metastasis of liver, breast and lung cancer. Therefore, an in-depth exploration of the role of SLC7A11 in tumors may be important for the screening, early diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of patients with tumors. The current review summarizes the research progress on SLC7A11 in liver cancer, lung cancer and other tumors on the basis of previous primary studies. In addition, the present review systematically elaborates on the three main aspects of SLC7A11 pathways in some tumors, the cancer-promoting mechanisms, and the therapeutic relationship between SLC7A11 and tumors. Finally, the present review aims to provide a reference for assessing whether SLC7A11 can be used as a prognostic indicator and treatment target for tumor patients, and the future research direction with regard to SLC7A11 in tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Tang
- Institute of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212001, P.R. China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Radiotherapy Oncology, The Affiliated Yancheng First Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224000, P.R. China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Radiotherapy Oncology, The Affiliated Yancheng First Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224000, P.R. China
| | - Na Liu
- Institute of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212001, P.R. China
| | - Deyu Chen
- Institute of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212001, P.R. China
| | - Dalong Tian
- Department of Radiotherapy Oncology, The Affiliated Yancheng First Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224000, P.R. China
| | - Jingzhi Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy Oncology, The Affiliated Yancheng First Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chen B, Pan Y, Xu X, Wu F, Zheng X, Chen SY, Zhao YT, Huang Z, Cheng SH, Liu JX, Wang WH, Li YX. Inhibition of EPS8L3 suppresses liver cancer progression and enhances efficacy of sorafenib treatment. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 128:110284. [PMID: 32480224 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver cancer is a devastating disease that has second highest cancer mortality rate worldwide. Although surgical resection or liver transplantation sometimes cures early stage liver cancer, few therapeutic options are available for advanced-stage liver cancer, highlighting the importance of a better understanding of the disease to find novel therapeutic targets. METHODS Firstly, clinical features of EPS8L3 on liver cancer RNA-seq dataset of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was analyzed, including gene expression levels in tumor tissues in comparison with the normal tissues as well as the patients' OS. To confirm the candidate genes, we used short hairpin RNA (shRNA) to knock down the gene and quantify the cell proliferation, apoptosis, and migration. Then micro-array analysis was did to investigate the intracellular mechanisms of EPS8L3. Moreover, to gain further insights into the translational value of the findings, we treated the liver cancer cells with Sorafenib after knocking down the candidate gene, in order to interrogate the combinatorial inhibitory effects on cell metabolism. RESULTS As a result, by comparing gene expression profiles of normal liver and cancerous tissues, we find that epidermal growth factor receptor kinase substrate 8-like protein 3 (EPS8L3), a gene with unknown function, is upregulated in liver cancer, and is associated with poor prognosis. Further gene set analyses on liver cancer cells revealed that EPS8L3 is pertinent to cell division and proliferation. Indeed, knocking down EPS8L3 inhibits cell proliferation and migration, and triggers apoptosis in vitro. Additionally, when inoculated into mice, EPS8L3 knocked down cells exhibit slower growth rate. Moreover, EPS8L3 expression can substantially increase the efficacy of low dosage of Sorafenib treatment. Furthermore, the results of immunohistochemical staining of 90 paired liver cancer and adjacent normal samples demonstrated high expression of EPS8L3 yields poor prognosis in Chinese liver cancer patients. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, our results suggest that EPS8L3 has pivotal oncogenic functions in liver cancer and we propose that EPS8L3 could be a potential therapeutic target to treat liver cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) and Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing, PR China
| | - Yan Pan
- Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Emergency, National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, PR China
| | - Xin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) and Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing, PR China
| | - Fan Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) and Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing, PR China
| | - Xuan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) and Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing, PR China
| | - Si-Ye Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) and Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing, PR China
| | - Yu-Ting Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) and Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing, PR China
| | - Zhou Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) and Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing, PR China
| | - Shu-Hui Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) and Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing, PR China
| | - Jian-Xiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Emergency, National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, PR China
| | - Wei-Hu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, PR China.
| | - Ye-Xiong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) and Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Aiello VD, Tanigawa RY, Chate RC, de Campos FPF, Mansur AJ. Progressive dyspnea and a right atrial mass in an 80-year-old man. AUTOPSY AND CASE REPORTS 2019; 9:e2019135. [PMID: 31807438 PMCID: PMC6880769 DOI: 10.4322/acr.2019.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is among the five most frequent causes of cancer death worldwide, according to the WHO. The disease is related to alcohol abuse, viral infections, and other causes of cirrhosis, and unfortunately, in some developed countries, the incidence shows an increasing trend. Although the diagnosis of the HCC often relies upon the context of a chronic hepatopathy, some cases may present a silent course, and the initial symptoms ensue when the disease is in an advanced stage with no chance for any therapeutic attempt. The clinical picture of the HCC is varied, and unexpected forms may surprise the clinician. One of the unusual presentations of the HCC is shock by the blockage of the venous return to the right atrium by the inferior vena cava infiltration. Herein we present a case of an old patient who sought medical care complaining of dyspnea. The clinical workup disclosed a right thorax pleural effusion and imaging exams depicted a mass in the right hepatic lobe, invasion of the inferior vena cava (IVC) and the right atrium (RA). During the attempts of clinical investigation, the patient passed away. The autopsy disclosed an HCC involving the right hepatic lobe, with the invasion of the IVC and the RA. The authors highlight the importance of recognizing the bizarre presentation of not so rare diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vera Demarchi Aiello
- Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Medical School, Heart Institute, Laboratory of Pathology. São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ryan Yukimatsu Tanigawa
- Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Medical School, Department of Pathology. São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Caruso Chate
- Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Medical School, Hospital das Clínicas, Division of Radiology. São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Alfredo José Mansur
- Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Medical School, Heart Institute, General Outpatient Clinics, Division of Clinical Cardiology. São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Finianos A, Matar CF, Taher A. Hepatocellular Carcinoma in β-Thalassemia Patients: Review of the Literature with Molecular Insight into Liver Carcinogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19124070. [PMID: 30562917 PMCID: PMC6321074 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19124070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2018] [Revised: 12/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
With the continuing progress in managing patients with thalassemia, especially in the setting of iron overload and iron chelation, the life span of these patients is increasing, while concomitantly increasing incidences of many diseases that were less likely to show when survival was rather limited. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major life-threatening cancer that is becoming more frequently identified in this population of patients. The two established risk factors for the development of HCC in thalassemia include iron overload and viral hepatitis with or without cirrhosis. Increased iron burden is becoming a major HCC risk factor in this patient population, especially in those in the older age group. As such, screening thalassemia patients using liver iron concentration (LIC) measurement by means of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and liver ultrasound is strongly recommended for the early detection of iron overload and for implementation of early iron chelation in an attempt to prevent organ-damaging iron overload and possibly HCC. There remain lacking data on HCC treatment outcomes in patients who have thalassemia. However, a personalized approach tailored to each patient’s comorbidities is essential to treatment success. Multicenter studies investigating the long-term outcomes of currently available therapeutic options in the thalassemia realm, in addition to novel HCC therapeutic targets, are needed to further improve the prognosis of these patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Finianos
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut 11-0236, Lebanon.
| | - Charbel F Matar
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut 11-0236, Lebanon.
| | - Ali Taher
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut 11-0236, Lebanon.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Momin B, Millman AJ, Nielsen DB, Revels M, Steele CB. Promising practices for the prevention of liver cancer: a review of the literature and cancer plan activities in the National Comprehensive Cancer Control Program. Cancer Causes Control 2018; 29:1265-1275. [PMID: 30506129 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-018-1094-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections are risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma, a type of primary liver cancer, and are most prevalent in people born 1945-1965. Relatively little information is available for liver cancer prevention, compared to other cancers. In this review, we provide a summary of current promising public health practices for liver cancer prevention from the literature, as well as liver cancer-related initiatives in the National Comprehensive Cancer Control Program (NCCCP). METHODS Two types of source materials were analyzed for this review: published literature (2005-present), and current cancer plans from the NCCCP (2005-2022). A search strategy was developed to include a review of several scientific databases. Of the 73 articles identified as potentially eligible, 20 articles were eligible for inclusion in the review. Eligible articles were abstracted using a data abstraction tool. Three independent keyword searches on 65 NCCCP plans were conducted. Keyword searches within each of the plans to identify activities related to liver cancer were conducted. Relevant information was abstracted from the plans and saved in a data table. RESULTS Of the 20 eligible articles, 15 articles provided information on interventions related to liver cancer and hepatitis B or hepatitis C prevention. All 15 of the intervention articles were related to hepatitis; 13 were hepatitis B-focused, two were hepatitis C-focused, and 14 focused on Asian/Pacific Islander American populations. The independent keyword search of NCCCP plans produced 46 results for liver, 27 results for hepatitis, and 52 results for alcohol. Two plans included activities related to liver cancer. Twenty-four plans included activities related to hepatitis. DISCUSSION A majority of the intervention articles published focused on HBV infection in Asian/Pacific Islander American populations, and a small percentage of NCCCP plans included liver-related content. The findings from this review will inform the development of an Action Plan on liver cancer prevention for the NCCCP, which will assist programs with the adoption and uptake of promising practices for the prevention of liver cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Behnoosh Momin
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway, MS F-76, Atlanta, GA, 30341, USA.
| | - Alexander J Millman
- Division of Viral Hepatitis, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | | | - C Brooke Steele
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway, MS F-76, Atlanta, GA, 30341, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhang L, Huang Y, Ling J, Zhuo W, Yu Z, Luo Y, Zhu Y. Overexpression of SLC7A11: a novel oncogene and an indicator of unfavorable prognosis for liver carcinoma. Future Oncol 2018. [PMID: 29528250 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2017-0540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM SLC7A11 is a gene that encodes a cystine-glutamate antiporter, which has been detected to be overexpressed in various cancers. Thus, we aimed to validate its expression and clinical significance in liver cancer. METHODS Bioinformatic analysis was conducted and a tissue microarray was utilized for detecting SLC7A11 expression in liver cancer tissues by immunohistochemistry assay. RESULTS High expressions of SLC7A11 have no association with clinical parameters such as age, sex and clinical stages, except for advanced pathological stages. Cox regression analysis revealed that SLC7A11 might be an independent prognostic factor for liver cancer patients. CONCLUSION SLC7A11 overexpression might be a novel biomarker and a potential unfavorable prognostic factor as well as a potential therapeutic target for liver carcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhang
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China.,Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Yi Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, PR China
| | - Junjun Ling
- Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Wenlei Zhuo
- Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Zhen Yu
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yunbo Luo
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yi Zhu
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Yahya SMM, Fathy SA, El-Khayat ZA, El-Toukhy SE, Hamed AR, Hegazy MGA, Nabih HK. Possible Role of microRNA-122 in Modulating Multidrug Resistance of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Indian J Clin Biochem 2017; 33:21-30. [PMID: 29371766 DOI: 10.1007/s12291-017-0651-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a hypervascular primary liver cancer characterized by rapid progression, besides, resistance to traditional chemotherapeutic agents. It has been shown that microRNAs play critical roles in regulation of tumor cell sensitivity to drugs through modulating the expression of genes involved in drug transport. The present study investigated whether restoration of miR-122 in HCC cells could alter the cell cycle distribution and the expression of multidrug resistance (MDR)-related genes (ABCB1, ABCC1, ABCG2 and ABCF2). After overexpression of miR-122 in HepG2 cells treated or untreated with doxorubicin doses, total RNAs and protein extracts were isolated for application of QRT-PCR and western blotting techniques. Moreover, cell cycle distribution was monitored by flow cytometry. Our results revealed that, the over expression of miR-122 in HepG2 cells treated or untreated with doxorubicin could modulate the sensitivity of cells to chemotherapeutic drug through downregulation of MDR-related genes, ABCB1 and ABCF2. Interpretation of cell cycle distribution revealed that, the anti-proliferative effect of miR-122 is associated with the accumulation of cells in G0/G1 phase. Moreover, treatment with miR-122 and doxorubicin resulted in high percentage of HCC cells in G0/G1 phase. Taken together, our findings revealed that, overexpression of miR-122 inhibited HCC cell growth by inducing cell cycle arrest and this arrest is associated with down-regulation of MDR-related genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaymaa M M Yahya
- 1Hormones Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, 12622 Egypt
| | - Shadia A Fathy
- 2Biochemistry Department, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | | | - Ahmed R Hamed
- 4Pharmaceutical Research Group, Center of Excellence for Advanced Sciences and Phytochemistry Department National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | | | - Heba K Nabih
- 3Medical Biochemistry Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Torre LA, Islami F, Siegel RL, Ward EM, Jemal A. Global Cancer in Women: Burden and Trends. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2017; 26:444-457. [PMID: 28223433 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-16-0858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 723] [Impact Index Per Article: 103.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Revised: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This review is an abbreviated version of a report prepared for the American Cancer Society Global Health department and EMD Serono, Inc., a subsidiary of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany, which was released at the Union for International Cancer Control World Cancer Congress in Paris in November 2016. The original report can be found at https://www.cancer.org/health-care-professionals/our-global-health-work/global-cancer-burden/global-burden-of-cancer-in-women.html. Staff in the Intramural Research Department of the American Cancer Society designed and conducted the study, including analysis, interpretation, and presentation of the review. The funding sources had no involvement in the study design, data analysis and interpretation, or preparation of the reviewThere are striking disparities in the global cancer burden in women, yet few publications highlight cancer occurrence in this population, particularly for cancers that are not sex specific. This article, the first in a series of two, summarizes the current burden, trends, risk factors, prevention, early detection, and survivorship of all cancers combined and seven sites (breast, cervix, uterine corpus, ovary, colorectum, lung, and liver) that account for about 60% of the cancer burden among women worldwide, using data from the International Agency for Research on Cancer. Estimated 2012 overall cancer death rates in general are higher among women in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) than high-income countries (HICs), despite their lower overall incidence rates, largely due to inadequate access to early detection and treatment. For example, the top mortality rates are in Zimbabwe (147 deaths per 100,000) and Malawi (138). Furthermore, incidence rates of cancers associated with economic development (e.g., lung, breast, colorectum) are rising in several LMICs. The burden of cancer among women could be substantially reduced in both HICs and LMICs through broad and equitable implementation of effective interventions, including tobacco control, HPV and HBV vaccination, and screening (breast, cervix, and colorectum). Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 26(4); 444-57. ©2017 AACRSee related article by Islami et al. in this CEBP Focus section, "Global Cancer in Women."
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey A Torre
- Intramural Research, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia.
| | - Farhad Islami
- Intramural Research, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia
| | | | | | - Ahmedin Jemal
- Intramural Research, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Andrighetto LV, Poziomyck AK. SERUM LEPTIN LEVENS AND HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA: REVIEW ARTICLE. ARQUIVOS BRASILEIROS DE CIRURGIA DIGESTIVA : ABCD = BRAZILIAN ARCHIVES OF DIGESTIVE SURGERY 2016; 29:276-278. [PMID: 28076486 PMCID: PMC5225871 DOI: 10.1590/0102-6720201600040015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most frequent types of malignant tumors in the world. There is growing evidence of the relationship between it development and obesity. The mechanism that links obesity to cancer is still not fully understood; however, it is essential to the understanding the adipose tissue in metabolic changes related to obesity and hepatocellular carcinoma. Objective To review the influence of serum leptin levels in patients with hepatocelular carcinoma. Method Systematic review of the literature based on the methodology of the Cochrane Institute. The search for articles was in the database: Science Direct, Scielo, Medline, Lilacs e Pubmed. The key words used were hepatocellular carcinoma, leptin, adipokine. Results After evaluation of individual studies, were selected seven studies. The results previously studied are still inconsistent and contradictory, and leptin can be effectively involved in the occurrence and development of hepatocellular carcinoma. Conclusion Therefore, it is necessary to develop prospective, well-designed and conducted focusing on the role and specific mechanisms of this hormone in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, so that new correlations can be properly supported.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luiza Vitelo Andrighetto
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition and Oncology, Institute of Education and Research, Moinhos de Vento Hospital
| | - Aline Kirjner Poziomyck
- Postgraduate Program in Science in Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Shen J, Siegel AB, Remotti H, Wang Q, Santella RM. Identifying microRNA panels specifically associated with hepatocellular carcinoma and its different etiologies. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 2:151-162. [PMID: 28243631 DOI: 10.20517/2394-5079.2015.66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AIM Deregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) expression has been identified in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but few results are consistent. The objective of this study is to investigate "HCC tumor type specific" and "tumor common" miRNA panels. METHODS The authors integrate and analyze clinical, etiologic and miRNA profiles data from 9 types of solid tumors in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and HCC data from Columbia University Medical Center (CUMC). RESULTS Levels of 33 miRNAs were significant different between HCC tumor and paired non-tumor tissues (over 2-fold changes) after Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons, and most (28 miRNAs) were down-regulated in HCC tumors. Using this panel, the authors well classified HCC tumor tissues with 4 misclassifications among 48 paired tissues. Validating this panel in an additional 302 HCC tumor tissues, the authors almost perfectly distinguished tumor from non-tumor tissues with only two misclassifications (99% of HCC tissues correctly classified). Evaluating miRNA profiles in 32 independent HCC paired tissues from CUMC, the authors observed 40 miRNAs significantly deregulated in HCC with over 2-fold changes; 14 overlapped with those identified in TCGA. Subgroup analyses by HCC etiology found that 4 upregulated and 8 downregulated miRNAs were significantly associated with alcohol-related HCC. There were 7 and 4 miRNAs significantly associated with hepatitis B virus- and hepatitis C virus-related HCC, respectively. Data for the first time revealed that miR-24-1, miR-130a and miR-505 were significantly down-regulated only in HCC tumors; miR-142 and miR-455 were significantly down-regulated in HCC, but up-regulated in 5 other solid tumors; suggesting their HCC "tumor type specific" characteristics. A panel of 8 miRNAs was significant in at least 5 tumor types, including HCC, and was identified as "tumor common" marker. CONCLUSION The authors concluded that aberrant miRNA panels have HCC "tumor type specificity" and may be affected by etiologic factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Shen
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Abby B Siegel
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Helen Remotti
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Qiao Wang
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Regina M Santella
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ju C, Colgan SP, Eltzschig HK. Hypoxia-inducible factors as molecular targets for liver diseases. J Mol Med (Berl) 2016; 94:613-27. [PMID: 27094811 PMCID: PMC4879168 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-016-1408-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Revised: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Liver disease is a growing global health problem, as deaths from end-stage liver cirrhosis and cancer are rising across the world. At present, pharmacologic approaches to effectively treat or prevent liver disease are extremely limited. Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) is a transcription factor that regulates diverse signaling pathways enabling adaptive cellular responses to perturbations of the tissue microenvironment. HIF activation through hypoxia-dependent and hypoxia-independent signals have been reported in liver disease of diverse etiologies, from ischemia-reperfusion-induced acute liver injury to chronic liver diseases caused by viral infection, excessive alcohol consumption, or metabolic disorders. This review summarizes the evidence for HIF stabilization in liver disease, discusses the mechanistic involvement of HIFs in disease development, and explores the potential of pharmacological HIF modifiers in the treatment of liver disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Ju
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy, University of Colorado, Auroa, Colorado, 800045, USA.
| | - Sean P Colgan
- Department of Medicine and Mucosal Inflammation Program, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Auroa, Colorado, 800045, USA
| | - Holger K Eltzschig
- Department of Anesthesiology and Organ Protection Program, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Auroa, Colorado, 800045, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Macaluso FS, Calvaruso V, Craxì A. Residual risk of hepatocellular carcinoma after HCV eradication: more than meets the eye. Future Microbiol 2016; 10:977-88. [PMID: 26059621 DOI: 10.2217/fmb.15.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Eradication of HCV in patients with advanced liver fibrosis or cirrhosis reduces, but does not altogether abolish, the risk of development of hepatocellular carcinoma. The reasons underlying this residual risk remain elusive. Even if HCV clearance eliminates its direct and indirect carcinogenic effects, the persistence of cirrhosis and the possible coexistence of metabolic factors (diabetes, obesity and insulin resistance) and of alcohol abuse can promote the development of hepatocellular carcinoma acting as autonomous, nonviral carcinogenic factors. Lessons learned in the IFN era may still assist in predicting the forthcoming scenario, when IFN-free regimens will obtain high rates of viral clearance even at the most advanced stages of liver disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Vincenza Calvaruso
- Sezione di Gastroenterologia & Epatologia, DiBiMIS, University of Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonio Craxì
- Sezione di Gastroenterologia & Epatologia, DiBiMIS, University of Palermo, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Ferrari D, Gambari R, Idzko M, Müller T, Albanesi C, Pastore S, La Manna G, Robson SC, Cronstein B. Purinergic signaling in scarring. FASEB J 2016; 30:3-12. [PMID: 26333425 PMCID: PMC4684510 DOI: 10.1096/fj.15-274563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Adenosine (ADO) and nucleotides such as ATP, ADP, and uridine 5'-triphosphate (UTP), among others, may serve as extracellular signaling molecules. These mediators activate specific cell-surface receptors-namely, purinergic 1 and 2 (P1 and P2)-to modulate crucial pathophysiological responses. Regulation of this process is maintained by nucleoside and nucleotide transporters, as well as the ectonucleotidases ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase [ENTPD; cluster of differentiation (CD)39] and ecto-5'-nucleotidase (5'-NT; CD73), among others. Cells involved in tissue repair, healing, and scarring respond to both ADO and ATP. Our recent investigations have shown that modulation of purinergic signaling regulates matrix deposition during tissue repair and fibrosis in several organs. Cells release adenine nucleotides into the extracellular space, where these mediators are converted by CD39 and CD73 into ADO, which is anti-inflammatory in the short term but may also promote dermal, heart, liver, and lung fibrosis with repetitive signaling under defined circumstances. Extracellular ATP stimulates cardiac fibroblast proliferation, lung inflammation, and fibrosis. P2Y2 (UTP/ATP) and P2Y6 [ADP/UTP/uridine 5'-diphosphate (UDP)] have been shown to have profibrotic effects, as well. Modulation of purinergic signaling represents a novel approach to preventing or diminishing fibrosis. We provide an overview of the current understanding of purinergic signaling in scarring and discuss its potential to prevent or decrease fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Davide Ferrari
- *Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; Department of Pneumology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Laboratory of Immunology and Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Cutaneous Physiopathology, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy; Department of Specialized, Diagnostic, and Experimental Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; and Department of Medicine, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Roberto Gambari
- *Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; Department of Pneumology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Laboratory of Immunology and Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Cutaneous Physiopathology, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy; Department of Specialized, Diagnostic, and Experimental Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; and Department of Medicine, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Marco Idzko
- *Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; Department of Pneumology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Laboratory of Immunology and Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Cutaneous Physiopathology, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy; Department of Specialized, Diagnostic, and Experimental Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; and Department of Medicine, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Tobias Müller
- *Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; Department of Pneumology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Laboratory of Immunology and Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Cutaneous Physiopathology, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy; Department of Specialized, Diagnostic, and Experimental Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; and Department of Medicine, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Cristina Albanesi
- *Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; Department of Pneumology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Laboratory of Immunology and Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Cutaneous Physiopathology, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy; Department of Specialized, Diagnostic, and Experimental Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; and Department of Medicine, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Saveria Pastore
- *Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; Department of Pneumology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Laboratory of Immunology and Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Cutaneous Physiopathology, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy; Department of Specialized, Diagnostic, and Experimental Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; and Department of Medicine, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Gaetano La Manna
- *Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; Department of Pneumology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Laboratory of Immunology and Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Cutaneous Physiopathology, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy; Department of Specialized, Diagnostic, and Experimental Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; and Department of Medicine, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Simon C Robson
- *Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; Department of Pneumology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Laboratory of Immunology and Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Cutaneous Physiopathology, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy; Department of Specialized, Diagnostic, and Experimental Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; and Department of Medicine, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Bruce Cronstein
- *Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; Department of Pneumology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Laboratory of Immunology and Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Cutaneous Physiopathology, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy; Department of Specialized, Diagnostic, and Experimental Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; and Department of Medicine, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Sacco R, Antonucci M, Bresci G, Corti A, Giacomelli L, Mismas V, Rainieri M, Romano A, Eggenhoffner R, Tumino E, Cabibbo G. Curative therapies for hepatocellular carcinoma: an update and perspectives. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2015; 16:169-75. [DOI: 10.1586/14737140.2016.1123625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
19
|
Li X, Chen Y, Ye W, Tao X, Zhu J, Wu S, Lou L. Blockade of CCN4 attenuates CCl4-induced liver fibrosis. Arch Med Sci 2015; 11:647-53. [PMID: 26170860 PMCID: PMC4495160 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2015.52371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2013] [Revised: 06/12/2013] [Accepted: 07/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION CCN4, also termed WNT-inducible signaling pathway protein-1 (WISP-1), has important roles in inflammation and tissue injury. This study aimed to investigate the effect of CCN4 inhibition using monoclonal anti-CCN4 antibody (CCN4mAb) on the liver injury and fibrosis in a mouse model of liver fibrosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS The mouse liver fibrosis model was induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). Mice received vehicle (saline/olive oil) by subcutaneous injection, CCl4 by subcutaneous injection or CCl4 (subcutaneous) plus CCN4mAb by subcutaneous injection. The pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic factors were determined by Western blot. The biochemistry and histopathology, collagen deposition and nuclear factor (NF)-κB activity were also assessed. RESULTS Chronic CCl4 treatment caused liver injury and collagen accumulation. The expression levels of CCN4, pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic mediators as well as the activity of NF-κB were markedly increased. Treatment with CCN4mAb significantly inhibited CCl4-induced CCN4 expression, leading to attenuated CCl4-induced liver injury and the inflammatory response. CCN4 blockade also significantly reduced the formation of collagen in the liver and the expression of α-smooth muscle actin and transforming growth factor β1. CONCLUSIONS CCN4 inhibition by CCN4mAb in vivo significantly attenuated the CCl4-induced liver injury and the progression of liver fibrosis. CCN4 may represent a novel therapeutic target for liver injury and fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Yiwu Central Hospital, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yongxin Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Yiwu Central Hospital, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weiwei Ye
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Yiwu Central Hospital, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xingfei Tao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Yiwu Central Hospital, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jinhong Zhu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Yiwu Central Hospital, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuang Wu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Yiwu Central Hospital, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lianqing Lou
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Yiwu Central Hospital, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Stärkel P, De Saeger C, Delire B, Magat J, Jordan B, Konda VR, Tripp ML, Borbath I. Tetrahydro Iso-Alpha Acids and Hexahydro Iso-Alpha Acids from Hops Inhibit Proliferation of Human Hepatocarcinoma Cell Lines and Reduce Diethylnitrosamine Induced Liver Tumor Formation in Rats. Nutr Cancer 2015; 67:748-60. [DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2015.1032429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
|
21
|
Oncale M, Lewis B. Hepatocellular carcinoma with extension to the heart via the inferior vena cava. Proc AMIA Symp 2015; 28:229-30. [PMID: 25829663 DOI: 10.1080/08998280.2015.11929240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third-leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Most cases of HCC are associated with cirrhosis from various causes such as alcohol or viral hepatitis. Most patients are symptomatic as a result of cirrhosis itself or secondary to tumor extension. These tumors have an affinity for the vasculature and often invade the portal system. HCC rarely causes invasion of the inferior vena cava or the heart. We, however, present a case of HCC in a patient without cirrhosis who remained asymptomatic despite having tumor extension to the heart by way of the inferior vena cava. The mean survival in patients with intracardiac extension with or without aggressive treatment or intervention is approximately 4 months, but our patient greatly exceeded survival expectations after treatment with sorafenib.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melody Oncale
- Department of Internal Medicine (Oncale) and the Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology (Lewis), Tulane University Hospitals and Clinics, New Orleans, Louisiana. Dr. Oncale is now affiliated with Oschner Health System
| | - Brian Lewis
- Department of Internal Medicine (Oncale) and the Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology (Lewis), Tulane University Hospitals and Clinics, New Orleans, Louisiana. Dr. Oncale is now affiliated with Oschner Health System
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Guarino M, Stroffolini T, Lombardo FL, Loperto I, Auriemma F, Gentile I, Caporaso N, Morisco F. Lack of evidence that adherence to standard of care therapy improves survival in subjects with hepatocellular carcinoma in clinical practice. J Med Virol 2015; 87:1368-76. [PMID: 25802203 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.24187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Currently, the BCLC classification, which links tumor stage with treatment option, is the standard system for clinical management of HCC. Thus far, this approach has been considered the standard of care worldwide. This study aimed to evaluate the survival of patients with HCC according to the BCLC Stage, surveillance, and adherence to standards of care. A 3-year prospective study enrolled 92 consecutive patients with HCC in the Gastroenterology Unit of the University of Naples "Federico II". Predictors of the likelihood of death were evaluated by the multivariate Cox model. Forty out of 92 (43%) subjects died during three years of follow up. The overall mortality rate per 100 person-years was 16.7, while the mortality rate for hepatic causes was only 14.2; it was lower in subjects under surveillance (11.4 vs. 28.2), in subjects adherent to standards of care (12.0 vs. 21.1), and in those who were in a better BCLC stage (10.6 vs. 45.8). The multivariate Cox model showed that advanced BCLC stage (HR 4.1, 95% C.I. = 1.8-9.4) was the sole independent predictor of the likelihood of mortality. In this regard, we observed lack of evidence that the adherence to the BCLC recommendations reduces the mortality of patients with HCC; and that the BCLC system cannot be accepted as a "commandment" to be invariably followed in everyday practice. Strategies to help improve adherence to international guidelines for HCC in clinical practice are required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Guarino
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Gastroenterology Unit, University of Naples "Federico II", Italy
| | - Tommaso Stroffolini
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University "La Sapienza" Rome, Italy
| | - Flavia Lucia Lombardo
- National Centre for Epidemiology, Surveillance and Health Promotion, National Institute of Health, Rome
| | - Ilaria Loperto
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Gastroenterology Unit, University of Naples "Federico II", Italy
| | - Francesco Auriemma
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Gastroenterology Unit, University of Naples "Federico II", Italy
| | - Ivan Gentile
- Department of Public Medicine and Social Security, Section of Infectious Diseases, University of Naples "Federico II", Italy
| | - Nicola Caporaso
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Gastroenterology Unit, University of Naples "Federico II", Italy
| | - Filomena Morisco
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Gastroenterology Unit, University of Naples "Federico II", Italy
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Cabibbo G, Antonucci M, Sacco R, Sciarrino E. Ultrasound-guided ablation for hepatocellular carcinoma: time for a reappraisal? Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2015; 15:147-150. [DOI: 10.1586/14737140.2015.1001374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
|
24
|
Zha Y, Gan P, Liu Q, Tan J. Relationship between polymorphism of angiotensin-converting enzyme gene insertion/deletion and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in a Chinese Dai population. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst 2014; 16:695-9. [PMID: 25208933 DOI: 10.1177/1470320314539829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2014] [Accepted: 05/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zha
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University China
| | - Ping Gan
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University China
| | - Qin Liu
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University China
| | - Jing Tan
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
He J, Yu G, Li Z, Liang H. Influence of interleukin-28B polymorphism on progression to hepatitis virus-induced hepatocellular carcinoma. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:8757-63. [PMID: 24874053 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2142-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2014] [Accepted: 05/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic variation of interleukin-28B (IL-28B) rs12979860 T/C polymorphism is associated with the immune response to interferon (IFN) therapy, which is applied in the treatment of chronic viral hepatitis induced by hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV). These chronic liver diseases could progress to end-stage liver diseases, such as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The aim of this study was to clarify whether there exists a causal association between IL-28B rs12979860 T/C polymorphism and development of HCC. In a meta-analysis of six studies with 850 cases and 811 controls, we summarized the data on the association between IL-28B rs12979860 T/C polymorphism and HCC risk and calculated ORs and 95 % CIs to estimate the association strength. We observed that IL-28B rs12979860 T/C polymorphism was positively associated with overall HCC risk (TT vs. CC: OR = 2.38; 95 %, 1.60-3.55; TT vs CT + CC: OR = 1.79; 95 %, 1.23-2.60). In the stratified analysis by ethnicity, the robust association retained in Caucasians with higher risk among TT carriers relative to the CC carriers. A similar trend was found in the studies of healthy controls when data were stratified by source of controls. The combined data suggest that IL-28B rs12979860 T/C polymorphism seems to augment the risk of developing HCC, especially in Caucasians.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinxia He
- Department of Oncology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Borgna-Pignatti C, Garani MC, Forni GL, Cappellini MD, Cassinerio E, Fidone C, Spadola V, Maggio A, Restivo Pantalone G, Piga A, Longo F, Gamberini MR, Ricchi P, Costantini S, D'Ascola D, Cianciulli P, Lai ME, Carta MP, Ciancio A, Cavalli P, Putti MC, Barella S, Amendola G, Campisi S, Capra M, Caruso V, Colletta G, Volpato S. Hepatocellular carcinoma in thalassaemia: an update of the Italian Registry. Br J Haematol 2014; 167:121-6. [PMID: 24992281 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.13009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 05/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with thalassaemia is increased by transfusion-transmitted infections and haemosiderosis. All Italian Thalassaemia Centres use an ad hoc form to report all diagnoses of HCC to the Italian Registry. Since our last report, in 2002, up to December 2012, 62 new cases were identified, 52% of whom were affected by thalassaemia major (TM) and 45% by thalassaemia intermedia (TI). Two had sickle-thalassaemia (ST). The incidence of the tumour is increasing, possibly because of the longer survival of patients and consequent longer exposure to the noxious effects of the hepatotropic viruses and iron. Three patients were hepatitis B surface antigen-positive, 36 patients showed evidence of past infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV). Fifty-four patients had antibodies against hepatitis C virus (HCV), 43 of whom were HCV RNA positive. Only 4 had no evidence of exposure either to HCV or HBV. The mean liver iron concentration was 8 mg/g dry weight. Therapy included chemoembolization, thermoablation with radiofrequency and surgical excision. Three patients underwent liver transplant, 21 received palliative therapy. As of December 2012, 41 patients had died. The average survival time from HCC detection to death was 11·5 months (1·4-107·2 months). Ultrasonography is recommended every 6 months to enable early diagnosis of HCC, which is crucial to decrease mortality.
Collapse
|
27
|
Bridges JFP, Joy SM, Blauvelt BM, Yan W, Marsteller JA. An international comparison of stakeholder motivation to implement liver cancer control. Health Policy Plan 2014; 30:645-55. [PMID: 24974105 DOI: 10.1093/heapol/czu044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization offers clear guidance on the development of national cancer control programmes based on a country's level of resources, yet the motivation to implement such programmes may be driven by factors other than resources. OBJECTIVES To compare stakeholder motivation to implement a national liver cancer control programme and assess if variation in motivation was associated with stakeholder characteristics or with national indicators of need and resources. METHODS Relevant stakeholders were purposively selected from 13 countries (Australia, China, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Nigeria, South Korea, Spain, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey and USA) to participate in a structured survey on liver cancer control. Respondents included 12 individuals working in clinical, 5 in policy and 3 in advocacy roles from each country. Stakeholders' motivation was measured using a scale grounded in expectancy theory and knowledge gained during previous qualitative interviews. Comparisons across countries and respondent characteristics were conducted using hierarchical regression. Country level motivation scores, holding constant individual level covariates, were correlated with indicators of need and resources and tested using Pearson's correlation coefficients. RESULTS In total, 260 stakeholders, equally drawn from the study countries, completed the survey (45% response rate). At the national level, motivation was highest in Nigeria, Thailand and China (P < 0.001), and lowest in Italy (P < 0.001) and Germany (P = 0.003). Higher motivation was observed among stakeholders working at the international level relative to the local level (P = 0.017). Motivation was positively associated with a country's relative burden of liver cancer (P = 0.015) and negatively associated with their level of resources (P = 0.018). CONCLUSIONS This study provides the first empirical evidence on the motivation of stakeholders to implement national cancer control programmes. Furthermore, we demonstrate that motivation is more clearly associated with a country's cancer control needs rather than resources.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John F P Bridges
- Department of Health Policy and Management and Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA, Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA, Institute for Global Health, University of Massachusetts, Amhurst, MA 01003, USA and Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA and Armstrong Institute for Patient Safety and Quality, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21202, USA
| | - Susan M Joy
- Department of Health Policy and Management and Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA, Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA, Institute for Global Health, University of Massachusetts, Amhurst, MA 01003, USA and Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA and Armstrong Institute for Patient Safety and Quality, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21202, USA
| | - Barri M Blauvelt
- Department of Health Policy and Management and Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA, Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA, Institute for Global Health, University of Massachusetts, Amhurst, MA 01003, USA and Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA and Armstrong Institute for Patient Safety and Quality, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21202, USA
| | - Weili Yan
- Department of Health Policy and Management and Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA, Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA, Institute for Global Health, University of Massachusetts, Amhurst, MA 01003, USA and Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA and Armstrong Institute for Patient Safety and Quality, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21202, USA
| | - Jill A Marsteller
- Department of Health Policy and Management and Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA, Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA, Institute for Global Health, University of Massachusetts, Amhurst, MA 01003, USA and Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA and Armstrong Institute for Patient Safety and Quality, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21202, USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Toriguchi K, Hatano E, Tanabe K, Takemoto K, Nakamura K, Koyama Y, Seo S, Taura K, Uemoto S. Attenuation of steatohepatitis, fibrosis, and carcinogenesis in mice fed a methionine-choline deficient diet by CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein deficiency. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2014; 29:1109-18. [PMID: 24329600 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.12481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Hepatic steatosis is a metabolic liver disease with the potential to progress to steatohepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) deficiency in the development of steatosis-associated progression of HCC. METHODS Eight-week-old wild-type (WT) and CHOP knockout (CHOP-/-) mice were fed a normal or methionine-choline-deficient (MCD) diet. Mice were sacrificed after 3 weeks, and steatosis, inflammation, apoptosis, and liver damage were assessed. We also evaluated fibrosis after 8 weeks of nutrition intervention. To explore the role of CHOP in liver carcinogenesis, 25 mg/kg of diethylnitrosamine (DEN) was injected intraperitoneally into 2-week-old mice, which were then fed the aforementioned diets from 8 to 24 weeks of age. CHOP expression in HCC patient livers was also evaluated. RESULTS CHOP deficiency did not affect steatosis but significantly reduced apoptotic cells, inflammation scores, and serum liver enzymes. It also significantly suppressed total serum bilirubin levels, fibrotic area size, and messenger RNA expression of profibrotic cytokines. DEN-initiated carcinogenesis was promoted by the MCD diet, while CHOP deficiency significantly attenuated the total number and maximum diameter of tumors and the Ki-67 labeling index. In human livers, CHOP expression was enhanced in parallel with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis-to-HCC progression. CONCLUSIONS CHOP deficiency attenuated apoptosis, inflammation, fibrosis, and tumorigenesis under fat-loading conditions, indicating that a therapeutic strategy targeting CHOP might be effective for fat-induced liver injury and protecting against promotion of carcinogenesis in patients with liver steatosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kan Toriguchi
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Méndez-Sánchez N, Ridruejo E, Alves de Mattos A, Chávez-Tapia NC, Zapata R, Paraná R, Mastai R, Strauss E, Guevara-Casallas LG, Daruich J, Gadano A, Parise ER, Uribe M, Aguilar-Olivos NE, Dagher L, Ferraz-Neto BH, Valdés-Sánchez M, Sánchez-Avila JF. Latin American Association for the Study of the Liver (LAASL) clinical practice guidelines: management of hepatocellular carcinoma. Ann Hepatol 2014. [PMID: 24998696 DOI: 10.1016/s1665-2681(19)30919-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common cancer in the world and the third most common cause of cancer death, and accounts for 5.6% of all cancers. Nearly 82% of the approximately 550,000 liver cancer deaths each year occur in Asia. In some regions, cancer-related death from HCC is second only to lung cancer. The incidence and mortality of HCC are increasing in America countries as a result of an ageing cohort infected with chronic hepatitis C, and are expected to continue to rise as a consequence of the obesity epidemic. Clinical care and survival for patients with HCC has advanced considerably during the last two decades, thanks to improvements in patient stratification, an enhanced understanding of the pathophysiology of the disease, and because of developments in diagnostic procedures and the introduction of novel therapies and strategies in prevention. Nevertheless, HCC remains the third most common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. These LAASL recommendations on treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma are intended to assist physicians and other healthcare providers, as well as patients and other interested individuals, in the clinical decision-making process by describing the optimal management of patients with liver cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ezequiel Ridruejo
- Hepatology Section, Department of Medicine. Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas Norberto Quirno "CEMIC". Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Hepatology and Liver Transplant Unit. Hospital Universitario Austral, Pilar, Argentina
| | | | | | - Rodrigo Zapata
- Hepatology and Liver Transplantation Unit. University of Chile School of Medicine, German Clinic. Santiago, Chile
| | - Raymundo Paraná
- Associate Professor of School of Medicine - Federal University of Bahia Head of the Gastro-Hepatologist Unit of the University Bahia University Hospital
| | - Ricardo Mastai
- Transplantation Unit. German Hospital.Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Edna Strauss
- Clinical hepatologist of Hospital do Coraçao - São Paulo - Brazil. Professor of the Post Graduate Course in the Department of Pathology at the School of Medicine, University of São Paulo
| | | | - Jorge Daruich
- Hepatology Department, Clinical Hospital San Martín. University of Buenos Aires Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Adrian Gadano
- Section of Hepatology, Italian Hospital of Buenos Aires. Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Edison Roberto Parise
- Professor Associado da Disciplina de Gastroenterologia da Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Presidente Eleito da Sociedade Brasileira de Hepatologia
| | - Misael Uribe
- Digestive Diseases and Obesity Clinic, Medica Sur Clinic Foundation. México City, Mexico
| | - Nancy E Aguilar-Olivos
- Digestive Diseases and Obesity Clinic, Medica Sur Clinic Foundation. México City, Mexico
| | - Lucy Dagher
- Consultant Hepatologist. Metropolitan Policlinic- Caracas- Venezuela
| | - Ben-Hur Ferraz-Neto
- Director of Liver Institute - Beneficencia Portuguesa de São Paulo. Chief of Liver Transplantation Team
| | - Martha Valdés-Sánchez
- Department of Pediatric Oncology National Medical Center "Siglo XXI". Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Juan F Sánchez-Avila
- Hepatology and Liver Transplantation Department National Institute of Nutrition and Medical Sciences "Salvador Zubirán" Mexico City, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Hamada S, Masamune A, Shimosegawa T. Inflammation and pancreatic cancer: disease promoter and new therapeutic target. J Gastroenterol 2014; 49:605-17. [PMID: 24292163 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-013-0915-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2013] [Accepted: 11/13/2013] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Chronic inflammation has a certain impact on the carcinogenesis of the digestive organs. The characteristic tissue structure of pancreatic cancer, desmoplasia, results from inflammatory processes induced by cancer cells and stromal cells. Concerning the progression of pancreatic cancer, recent research has clarified the pivotal role of tumor-stromal interaction, which promotes the development of an invasive phenotype of cancer and provides survival advantages against chemotherapeutic agents or immune surveillance. Tumor stromal cells such as pancreatic stellate cells and immune cells establish a microenvironment that protects cancer cells through complex interactions. The microenvironment of pancreatic cancer acts as a niche for pancreatic cancer stem cells from which therapy-resistance and disease recurrence develop. Inhibition of the stromal functions or restoration of the immune reaction against cancer cells has therapeutic benefits that enhance the efficacy of conventional therapies. Some of the recent advances in this field are now under evaluation in clinical settings, but many problems must be overcome to establish a radical therapy for pancreatic cancer. This review summarizes current knowledge about the tumor-promoting stromal functions, immune system modulation and therapeutic strategies targeting tumor-stromal interactions in pancreatic cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shin Hamada
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi Aobaku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan,
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Giraldo NA, Becht E, Remark R, Damotte D, Sautès-Fridman C, Fridman WH. The immune contexture of primary and metastatic human tumours. Curr Opin Immunol 2014; 27:8-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2014.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2013] [Revised: 12/18/2013] [Accepted: 01/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
32
|
Shen YH, Chen S, Peng YF, Shi YH, Huang XW, Yang GH, Ding ZB, Yi Y, Zhou J, Qiu SJ, Fan J, Ren N. Quantitative assessment of the effect of glutathione S-transferase genes GSTM1 and GSTT1 on hepatocellular carcinoma risk. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:4007-15. [PMID: 24399650 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-013-1524-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2013] [Accepted: 12/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most serious health problems worldwide. As in many other diseases, environment and genetic factors are believed to be involved in the pathogenesis of HCC. Numerous epidemiologic investigations including case-control and cohort studies have suggested the association of glutathione S-transferase (GST) genetic polymorphisms and HCC risk. However, some studies have produced conflicting results. Therefore, we performed an updated meta-analysis to clarify this inconsistency and to establish a comprehensive picture of the association of the polymorphisms of GSTM1 and GSTT1 with HCC susceptibility. We searched PubMed, Embase, ISI Web of Science, and CNKI databases to identify eligible studies meeting the inclusion criteria up to August 30, 2013. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the strength of association. Finally, there were a total of 33 studies with 4,232 cases and 6,601 controls included in this meta-analysis. In the pooled analysis, significantly increased HCC risks were found for null genotype of GSTM1 (OR = 1.31, 95% CI = 1.07-1.61, P = 0.010, P heterogeneity < 10(-5)) and GSTT1 (OR = 1.47, 95% CI = 1.25-1.74, P < 10(-5), P heterogeneity < 10(-5)). Potential sources of heterogeneity were explored by subgroup analysis based on ethnicity, sample size, and source of control. Significant results were found among East Asians and Indians when stratified by ethnicity, while no evidence of significant associations was observed among Caucasian and African populations. In the gene-gene interaction analysis, a statistically significant increased risk for HCC was detected for individuals with combined deletion mutations in both genes compared to those with wild genotypes (OR = 1.88, 95% CI = 1.41-2.50, P < 10(-4), P heterogeneity = 0.004). The present meta-analysis demonstrated that the GSTM1 and GSTT1 null genotype may be associated with an increased risk of HCC and that individuals having the combination of both defective GST genotypes may be more susceptible to developing HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Hao Shen
- Department of Liver Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Liver Cancer Institute, Fudan University, 180 Feng-Lin Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Abstract
Viral pathogenesis describes the processes by which viral infections cause diseases and involves virus–host interactions at the cellular and systemic level that determine whether a virus will cause a disease, what form that disease takes, and how severe the disease will be. Though the pathogenesis of each virus is unique, there are several common points in the virus life cycle that are shared between all pathogenic viruses, and by considering these common aspects of the virus-induced disease process, we can explore some general concepts in viral pathogenesis while illustrating some of the virus specific processes that shape disease outcomes.
Collapse
|
34
|
Niemeyer DJ, Simo KA, Iannitti DA, McKillop IH. Ablation therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma: past, present and future perspectives. Hepat Oncol 2013; 1:67-79. [PMID: 30190942 DOI: 10.2217/hep.13.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, and is most commonly found in the setting of liver cirrhosis. Treatment of HCC must consider both the tumors present, as well as the remaining dysfunctional liver that both hinders treatment and can produce additional HCC over time. Ablation is an evolving part of the multimodality treatment approach to HCC that can effectively destroy tumors while preserving surrounding liver parenchyma. New technologies have made ablation an indispensable tool in the treatment of all stages of HCC. This review presents the history, present technologies and future potential of ablation in the treatment of HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David J Niemeyer
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepatopancreaticobiliary Surgery, Carolinas Medical Center, 1000 Blythe Boulevard, Charlotte, NC 28203, USA
| | - Kerri A Simo
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepatopancreaticobiliary Surgery, Carolinas Medical Center, 1000 Blythe Boulevard, Charlotte, NC 28203, USA
| | - David A Iannitti
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepatopancreaticobiliary Surgery, Carolinas Medical Center, 1000 Blythe Boulevard, Charlotte, NC 28203, USA
| | - Iain H McKillop
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepatopancreaticobiliary Surgery, Carolinas Medical Center, 1000 Blythe Boulevard, Charlotte, NC 28203, USA
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Huang C, Yu W, Cui H, Wang Y, Zhang L, Han F, Huang T. P2X7 blockade attenuates mouse liver fibrosis. Mol Med Rep 2013; 9:57-62. [PMID: 24247209 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2013.1807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2013] [Accepted: 10/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
P2X7 is important in inflammation and tissue injury. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of P2X7 inhibition, using a specific inhibitor (A438079) to prevent the development of liver injury and fibrosis in a mouse model of liver fibrosis. The mouse liver fibrosis model was induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). Mice received subcutaneous administration of vehicle (saline/olive oil), CCl4 or subcutaneous CCl4 and A438079. The pro‑inflammatory and pro‑fibrotic factors were determined by western blot analysis. The biochemistry, histopathology, collagen deposition and nuclear factor‑κB (NF‑κB) activity were also analyzed. Chronic CCl4 treatment resulted in liver injury and collagen accumulation. The expression levels of P2X7, pro‑inflammatory and pro‑fibrotic mediators, and the activity of NF‑κB were markedly increased. Treatment with A438079 significantly inhibited CCl4‑induced P2X7 expression, and attenuated CCl4‑induced liver injury and the inflammatory response. P2X7 blockade also significantly reduced the formation of collagen in the liver and the expression of α-smooth muscle actin and transforming growth factor‑β1. This study demonstrated that P2X7 inhibition attenuated liver injury and fibrosis in a mouse model. Thus, P2X7 is a potential novel therapeutic target for liver injury and fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Changshan Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Henan Provincial Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, P.R. China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Wu HT, Lu FH, Ou HY, Su YC, Hung HC, Wu JS, Yang YC, Wu CL, Chang CJ. The role of hepassocin in the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. J Hepatol 2013; 59:1065-72. [PMID: 23792031 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2013.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2013] [Revised: 05/23/2013] [Accepted: 06/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS While non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common risk factor of chronic liver disease, the mechanisms that initiate its development are obscure. Hepassocin (HPS) is a hepatokine that has been reported to be involved in liver regeneration. In addition to the mitogenic activity of HPS, HPS expression is decreased in patients with hepatoma. However, the role of HPS in NAFLD is still unknown. METHODS A total of 393 subjects with (n=194) or without (n=199) NAFLD were enrolled to evaluate the serum HPS concentration. In order to clarify the causal inference between HPS and NAFLD, we used experimental animal and cell models. Hepatic overexpression or silencing of HPS was achieved by lentiviral vector delivery in mice and lipofectamine transfection in HepG2 cells. Lipogenesis related proteins were detected by Western blots. The expression of inflammatory factors was determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Subjects with NAFLD had a higher serum HPS concentration than those without it. Overexpression of HPS increased hepatic lipid accumulation and NAFLD activity scores (NAS), whereas deletion of HPS improved high fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis and decreased NAS in mice. Additionally, oleic acid, a steatogenic reagent, increased HPS expression in hepatocytes. Furthermore, overexpression of HPS in HepG2 cells induced lipid accumulation through an extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2)-dependent pathway, whereas deletion of HPS decreased oleic acid-induced lipid accumulation. CONCLUSIONS The present study provides evidence that HPS plays an important role in NAFLD and induces hepatic lipid accumulation through an ERK1/2-dependent pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Tsung Wu
- Research Center of Herbal Medicine, New Drugs, and Nutritional Supplements, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan; Department of Family Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Medical College and Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Testino G, Borro P. Chemoprevention of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with hepatitis C virus related cirrhosis. World J Hepatol 2013; 5:521-527. [PMID: 24179611 PMCID: PMC3812454 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v5.i10.521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2013] [Accepted: 09/18/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Interferon (IFN) therapy has been reported to decrease the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and improve survival by preventing liver-related deaths in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, while the role of IFN therapy on the natural history of hepatitis C related cirrhosis is still under debate. The ideal goal of therapy is to prevent the progression into end-stage disease. The use of IFN in patients with HCV compensated cirrhosis reduces the negative clinical evolution independently of the type of laboratoristic and virological response. In our experience, IFN therapy in HCV compensated cirrhosis is barely useful in prevention of HCC, as cirrhosis itself represents a risk of cancer. Some authors noted that IFN treatment reduces the risk of HCC independently of the virological response. It would probably be interesting to evaluate the efficacy of weekly low-dose pegylated (PEG)-IFN therapy in patients with HCV cirrhosis and to assess potential benefits of long-term PEG-IFN plus Ribavirin treatment.
Collapse
|
38
|
Genco C, Cabibbo G, Maida M, Brancatelli G, Galia M, Alessi N, Butera G, Genova C, Romano P, Raineri M, Giarratano A, Midiri M, Cammà C. Treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma: present and future. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2013; 13:469-79. [PMID: 23560841 DOI: 10.1586/era.13.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma is a major health problem. It is the sixth most common cancer worldwide and the third most common cause of cancer-related death. Despite the availability of several treatment opportunities, diagnosis is still made in an advanced phase, limiting application of most therapeutic choices that currently are based on the Barcelona Clinic Cancer Liver Classification and include surgical resection, orthotopic liver transplantation and ablative methods for very early and early disease, arterial chemoembolization for intermediate stages and systemic therapy with sorafenib for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. Thanks to novel advancements in knowledge of molecular pathogenesis of this tumor, many new systemic agents and locoregional treatments are in different stages of clinical development and they represent an important promise of further improvements in patients' survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Genco
- Section of Gastroenterology, DIBIMIS, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Duan XF, Tang P, Li Q, Yu ZT. Obesity, adipokines and hepatocellular carcinoma. Int J Cancer 2013; 133:1776-83. [PMID: 23404222 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.28105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2012] [Revised: 12/23/2012] [Accepted: 01/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is rapidly becoming pandemic and is associated with increased carcinogenesis, especially hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Adipose tissue is considered as an endocrine organ because of its capacity to secrete a variety of adipokines, such as leptin, adiponectin and resistin. Recently, adipokines have been demonstrated to be associated with kinds of chronic liver diseases including fibrosis, cirrhosis and carcinogenesis. Direct evidence is accumulating rapidly supporting the inhibitory and/or activating role of adipokines in the process of carcinogenesis and progression of human HCC. This review aims to provide important insight into the potential mechanisms of adipokines in the development of HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Feng Duan
- Department of Esophageal Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Ti-Yuan-Bei, He-Xi District, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Liu K, Zhang L, Lin X, Chen L, Shi H, Magaye R, Zou B, Zhao J. Association of GST genetic polymorphisms with the susceptibility to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in Chinese population evaluated by an updated systematic meta-analysis. PLoS One 2013; 8:e57043. [PMID: 23437305 PMCID: PMC3577765 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0057043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2012] [Accepted: 01/16/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Due to the possible involvement of Glutathione S-transferase Mu-1 (GSTM1) and Glutathione S-transferase theta-1 (GSTT1) in the detoxification of environmental carcinogens, environmental toxins, and oxidative stress products, genetic polymorphisms of these two genes may play important roles in the susceptibility of human being to hepatocellular carcinoma. However, the existing research results are not conclusive. Methods A systematic literature search using databases (PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Chinese Biomedical Database, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, etc.) for the eligible studies meeting the inclusion criteria including case-control studies or cohort studies is evaluated using an updated systematic meta-analysis. Results Significant increase in the risk of HCC in the Chinese population is found in GSTM1 null genotype (OR = 1.47, 95% CI: 1.21 to 1.79, P<0.001) and GSTT1 null genotype (OR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.14 to 1.65, P<0.001). Analysis using the random-effects model found an increased risk of HCC in GSTM1-GSTT1 dual null population (OR = 1.79, 95% CI: 1.26 to 2.53, P<0.001). In addition, subgroup analyses showed a significant increase in the association of GST genetic polymorphisms (GSTM1, GSTT1, and GSTM1-GSTT1) with HCC in southeast and central China mainland. However, available data collected by this study fail to show an association between GST genetic polymorphisms and HCC in people from the Taiwan region (for GSTM1: OR = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.60 to 1.01, P = 0.06; for GSTT1: OR = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.78 to 1.14, P = 0.546; for GSTM1-GSTT1: OR = 1.04, 95% CI: 0.81 to 1.32, P = 0.77). Sensitivity analysis and publication bias diagnostics confirmed the reliability and stability of this meta-analysis. Conclusions Our results indicate that both GSTM1 and GSTT1 null genotypes are associated with an increased HCC risk in Chinese population. Peoples with dual null genotypes of GSTM1-GSTT1 are more susceptible to developing HCC. In conclusion, GST genetic polymorphisms play vital roles in the development of HCC in the Chinese population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kui Liu
- Department of Preventative Medicine and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathological and Physiological Technology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Na K, Jeong SK, Lee MJ, Cho SY, Kim SA, Lee MJ, Song SY, Kim H, Kim KS, Lee HW, Paik YK. Human liver carboxylesterase 1 outperforms alpha-fetoprotein as biomarker to discriminate hepatocellular carcinoma from other liver diseases in Korean patients. Int J Cancer 2013; 133:408-15. [PMID: 23319432 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.28020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2012] [Accepted: 12/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Although alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is currently the major serologic biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), it cannot efficiently distinguish this cancer from other forms of liver disease in early diagnosis due to its low sensitivity. The aim of this study is to compare sensitivity and specificity of human carboxylesterase 1 (hCE1) and AFP biomarker. Antibody-based assays for hCE1 and AFP were used to test both biomarkers with respect to diagnostic efficiency, Youden's index and the area under the curve (AUC) through receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis in plasma from 208 patients with HCC (n=57), liver cirrhosis (n=27), chronic hepatitis (n=37), cholangiocarcinoma (n=22), gastric cancer (n=31) and pancreatic cancer (n=34), along with 52 healthy donors (HDs). The levels of hCE1 were significantly higher in patients with HCC than HDs and the other diseases (p<0.005), further verified by AUC values and Youden's index. In the set of HCC versus liver cirrhosis the AUC values were 0.744 (AFP), 0.918 (hCE1) and 0.938 (combination of AFP and hCE1), respectively. These results indicate that hCE1 is not only a more potent and specific marker in distinguishing cancer from liver diseases, in particular cirrhosis, but the combination of hCE1 and AFP shows also synergistic potential for greater sensitivity and specificity in early diagnosis. Therefore the antibody-based hCE1 assay appears to have high diagnostic efficiency for discriminating HCC from other forms of liver disease. It is now feasible to further validate this novel plasma-based biomarker in the large cohort we assembled.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keun Na
- Yonsei Proteome Reasearch Center, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|