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Li W, Taboas JM, Almarza AJ. Chondrogenic potential of superficial versus cartilage layer cells of the temporomandibular joint condyle in photopolymerizable gelatin-based hydrogels. Proc Inst Mech Eng H 2024; 238:741-754. [PMID: 39109566 DOI: 10.1177/09544119241267021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to compare the chondrogenic potential of cells derived from different layers of Mandibular condyle cartilage and to gain further understanding of the impact of chondrogenic cues when embedded into a novel hydrogel scaffold (PGH, a polymer blend of poly (ethylene glycol), gelatin, and heparin) compared to a gelatin hydrogel scaffold (GEL). Cartilage layer cells (CLCs) and fibroblastic superficial layer cells (SLCs) were harvested from the mandibular condyle of boer goats obtained from a local abattoir. After expansion, cells were seeded into PGH and GEL hydrogels and cultured in chondrogenic media for 3 weeks. Scaffolds were harvested at 0, 1, and 3 week(s) and processed for gross appearance, histochemical, biochemical, and mechanical assays. In terms of chondrogenesis, major differences were observed between scaffold materials, but not cell types. Glycosaminoglycan (GAG) staining showed GEL scaffolds deposited GAG during the 3 week period, which was also confirmed with the biochemical testing. Moreover, GEL scaffolds had significantly higher compressive modulus and peak stress than PGH scaffolds at all time points with the largest difference seen in week 3. It can be concluded that GEL outperformed PGH in chondrogenesis. It can also be concluded that materials play a more important role in the process of chondrogenesis than the tested cell populations. Fibroblastic SLCs were shown to have similar chondrogenic potential as CLCs cells, suggesting a rich pool of progenitor cells in the superficial fibroblastic layer capable of undergoing chondrogenesis given appropriate physical and chemical cues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuyang Li
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center of Craniofacial Regeneration, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Juan M Taboas
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center of Craniofacial Regeneration, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- McGowan Institute of Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Alejandro J Almarza
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center of Craniofacial Regeneration, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- McGowan Institute of Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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2
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Nedrelow DS, Rassi A, Ajeeb B, Jones CP, Huebner P, Ritto FG, Williams WR, Fung KM, Gildon BW, Townsend JM, Detamore MS. Regenerative Engineering of a Biphasic Patient-Fitted Temporomandibular Joint Condylar Prosthesis. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2023; 29:307-320. [PMID: 37335050 PMCID: PMC10402699 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2023.0093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Regenerative medicine approaches to restore the mandibular condyle of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) may fill an unmet patient need. In this study, a method to implant an acellular regenerative TMJ prosthesis was developed for orthotopic implantation in a pilot goat study. The scaffold incorporated a porous, polycaprolactone-hydroxyapatite (PCL-HAp, 20wt% HAp) 3D printed condyle with a cartilage-matrix-containing hydrogel. A series of material characterizations was used to determine the structure, fluid transport, and mechanical properties of 3D printed PCL-HAp. To promote marrow uptake for cell seeding, a scaffold pore size of 152 ± 68 μm resulted in a whole blood transport initial velocity of 3.7 ± 1.2 mm·s-1 transported to the full 1 cm height. The Young's modulus of PCL was increased by 67% with the addition of HAp, resulting in a stiffness of 269 ± 20 MPa for etched PCL-HAp. In addition, the bending modulus increased by 2.06-fold with the addition of HAp to 470 MPa for PCL-HAp. The prosthesis design with an integrated hydrogel was compared with unoperated contralateral control and no-hydrogel group in a goat model for 6 months. A guide was used to make the condylectomy cut, and the TMJ disc was preserved. MicroCT assessment of bone suggested variable tissue responses with some regions of bone growth and loss, although more loss may have been exhibited by the hydrogel group than the no-hydrogel group. A benchtop load transmission test suggested that the prosthesis was not shielding load to the underlying bone. Although variable, signs of neocartilage formation were exhibited by Alcian blue and collagen II staining on the anterior, functional surface of the condyle. Overall, this study demonstrated signs of functional TMJ restoration with an acellular prosthesis. There were apparent limitations to continuous, reproducible bone formation, and stratified zonal cartilage regeneration. Future work may refine the prosthesis design for a regenerative TMJ prosthesis amenable to clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S. Nedrelow
- Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, USA
- College of Dentistry, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Ali Rassi
- School of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Boushra Ajeeb
- Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Cameron P. Jones
- College of Dentistry, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Pedro Huebner
- School of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Fabio G. Ritto
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Wendy R. Williams
- Division of Comparative Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Kar-Ming Fung
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Bradford W. Gildon
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences, University of Oklahoma College of Allied Health, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Jakob M. Townsend
- Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Michael S. Detamore
- Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, USA
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Li T, Ma Z, Zhang Y, Yang Z, Li W, Lu D, Liu Y, Qiang L, Wang T, Ren Y, Wang W, He H, Zhou X, Mao Y, Zhu J, Wang J, Chen X, Dai K. Regeneration of Humeral Head Using a 3D Bioprinted Anisotropic Scaffold with Dual Modulation of Endochondral Ossification. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2205059. [PMID: 36755334 PMCID: PMC10131811 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202205059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Tissue engineering is theoretically thought to be a promising method for the reconstruction of biological joints, and thus, offers a potential treatment alternative for advanced osteoarthritis. However, to date, no significant progress is made in the regeneration of large biological joints. In the current study, a biomimetic scaffold for rabbit humeral head regeneration consisting of heterogeneous porous architecture, various bioinks, and different hard supporting materials in the cartilage and bone regions is designed and fabricated in one step using 3D bioprinting technology. Furthermore, orchestrated dynamic mechanical stimulus combined with different biochemical cues (parathyroid hormone [PTH] and chemical component hydroxyapatite [HA] in the outer and inner region, respectively) are used for dual regulation of endochondral ossification. Specifically, dynamic mechanical stimulus combined with growth factor PTH in the outer region inhibits endochondral ossification and results in cartilage regeneration, whereas dynamic mechanical stimulus combined with HA in the inner region promotes endochondral ossification and results in efficient subchondral bone regeneration. The strategy established in this study with the dual modulation of endochondral ossification for 3D bioprinted anisotropic scaffolds represents a versatile and scalable approach for repairing large joints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic ImplantDepartment of Orthopaedic SurgeryShanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine639 Zhizaoju RdShanghai200011China
- Department of OrthopaedicsXinhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineNo. 1665 Kongjiang RoadShanghai200092P. R. China
| | - Zhengjiang Ma
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic ImplantDepartment of Orthopaedic SurgeryShanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine639 Zhizaoju RdShanghai200011China
| | - Yuxin Zhang
- Department of Oral SurgeryShanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineCollege of StomatologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityNational Center for StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShanghai Key Laboratory of StomatologyShanghai200011China
| | - Zezheng Yang
- Department of OrthopedicsThe Fifth People's Hospital of ShanghaiFudan UniversityMinhang DistrictShanghai200240P. R. China
| | - Wentao Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic ImplantDepartment of Orthopaedic SurgeryShanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine639 Zhizaoju RdShanghai200011China
| | - Dezhi Lu
- School of MedicineShanghai UniversityJing An DistrictShanghai200444China
| | - Yihao Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic ImplantDepartment of Orthopaedic SurgeryShanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine639 Zhizaoju RdShanghai200011China
| | - Lei Qiang
- Southwest JiaoTong University College of MedicineNo. 111 North 1st Section of Second Ring RoadChengdu610036China
| | - Tianchang Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic ImplantDepartment of Orthopaedic SurgeryShanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine639 Zhizaoju RdShanghai200011China
| | - Ya Ren
- Southwest JiaoTong University College of MedicineNo. 111 North 1st Section of Second Ring RoadChengdu610036China
| | - Wenhao Wang
- Southwest JiaoTong University College of MedicineNo. 111 North 1st Section of Second Ring RoadChengdu610036China
| | - Hongtao He
- The Third Ward of Department of OrthopedicsThe Second Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityNo. 467, Zhongshan Road, Shahekou DistrictDalianLiaoning Province116000P. R. China
| | - Xiaojun Zhou
- College of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringState Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer MaterialsDonghua UniversityShanghai201620P. R. China
| | - Yuanqing Mao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic ImplantDepartment of Orthopaedic SurgeryShanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine639 Zhizaoju RdShanghai200011China
| | - Junfeng Zhu
- Department of OrthopaedicsXinhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineNo. 1665 Kongjiang RoadShanghai200092P. R. China
| | - Jinwu Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic ImplantDepartment of Orthopaedic SurgeryShanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine639 Zhizaoju RdShanghai200011China
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- Department of OrthopaedicsXinhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineNo. 1665 Kongjiang RoadShanghai200092P. R. China
| | - Kerong Dai
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic ImplantDepartment of Orthopaedic SurgeryShanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine639 Zhizaoju RdShanghai200011China
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A review of composition‐structure‐function properties and tissue engineering strategies of articular cartilage: compare condyle process and knee‐joint. ADVANCED ENGINEERING MATERIALS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adem.202200304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine in Craniofacial Reconstruction and Facial Aesthetics. J Craniofac Surg 2020; 31:15-27. [PMID: 31369496 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000005840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The craniofacial region is anatomically complex and is of critical functional and cosmetic importance, making reconstruction challenging. The limitations of current surgical options highlight the importance of developing new strategies to restore the form, function, and esthetics of missing or damaged soft tissue and skeletal tissue in the face and cranium. Regenerative medicine (RM) is an expanding field which combines the principles of tissue engineering (TE) and self-healing in the regeneration of cells, tissues, and organs, to restore their impaired function. RM offers many advantages over current treatments as tissue can be engineered for specific defects, using an unlimited supply of bioengineered resources, and does not require immunosuppression. In the craniofacial region, TE and RM are being increasingly used in preclinical and clinical studies to reconstruct bone, cartilage, soft tissue, nerves, and blood vessels. This review outlines the current progress that has been made toward the engineering of these tissues for craniofacial reconstruction and facial esthetics.
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Acri TM, Shin K, Seol D, Laird NZ, Song I, Geary SM, Chakka JL, Martin JA, Salem AK. Tissue Engineering for the Temporomandibular Joint. Adv Healthc Mater 2019; 8:e1801236. [PMID: 30556348 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201801236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 11/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineering potentially offers new treatments for disorders of the temporomandibular joint which frequently afflict patients. Damage or disease in this area adversely affects masticatory function and speaking, reducing patients' quality of life. Effective treatment options for patients suffering from severe temporomandibular joint disorders are in high demand because surgical options are restricted to removal of damaged tissue or complete replacement of the joint with prosthetics. Tissue engineering approaches for the temporomandibular joint are a promising alternative to the limited clinical treatment options. However, tissue engineering is still a developing field and only in its formative years for the temporomandibular joint. This review outlines the anatomical and physiological characteristics of the temporomandibular joint, clinical management of temporomandibular joint disorder, and current perspectives in the tissue engineering approach for the temporomandibular joint disorder. The tissue engineering perspectives have been categorized according to the primary structures of the temporomandibular joint: the disc, the mandibular condyle, and the glenoid fossa. In each section, contemporary approaches in cellularization, growth factor selection, and scaffold fabrication strategies are reviewed in detail along with their achievements and challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy M. Acri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics; College of Pharmacy; University of Iowa; Iowa City, Iowa 52242 USA
| | - Kyungsup Shin
- Department of Orthodontics; College of Dentistry and Dental Clinics; University of Iowa; Iowa City, Iowa 52242 USA
| | - Dongrim Seol
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation; Carver College of Medicine; University of Iowa; Iowa City, Iowa 52242 USA
| | - Noah Z. Laird
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics; College of Pharmacy; University of Iowa; Iowa City, Iowa 52242 USA
| | - Ino Song
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation; Carver College of Medicine; University of Iowa; Iowa City, Iowa 52242 USA
| | - Sean M. Geary
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics; College of Pharmacy; University of Iowa; Iowa City, Iowa 52242 USA
| | - Jaidev L. Chakka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics; College of Pharmacy; University of Iowa; Iowa City, Iowa 52242 USA
| | - James A. Martin
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation; Carver College of Medicine; University of Iowa; Iowa City, Iowa 52242 USA
| | - Aliasger K. Salem
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics; College of Pharmacy; University of Iowa; Iowa City, Iowa 52242 USA
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7
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Abstract
The connective tissues of the musculoskeletal system can be grouped into fibrous, cartilaginous, and calcified tissues. While each tissue type has a distinct composition and function, the intersections between these tissues result in the formation of complex, composite, and graded junctions. The complexity of these interfaces is a critical aspect of their healthy function, but poses a significant challenge for their repair. In this review, we describe the organization and structure of complex musculoskeletal interfaces, identify emerging technologies for engineering such structures, and outline the requirements for assessing the complex nature of these tissues in the context of recapitulating their function through tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward D Bonnevie
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, and Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA;
- Translational Musculoskeletal Research Center, Col. Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Administration Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Robert L Mauck
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, and Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA;
- Translational Musculoskeletal Research Center, Col. Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Administration Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
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8
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Helgeland E, Shanbhag S, Pedersen TO, Mustafa K, Rosén A. Scaffold-Based Temporomandibular Joint Tissue Regeneration in Experimental Animal Models: A Systematic Review. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2018; 24:300-316. [PMID: 29400140 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2017.0429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Reconstruction of degenerated temporomandibular joint (TMJ) structures remains a clinical challenge. Tissue engineering (TE) is a promising alternative to current treatment options, where the TMJ is either left without functional components, or replaced with autogenous, allogeneic, or synthetic grafts. The objective of this systematic review was to answer the focused question: in experimental animal models, does the implantation of biomaterial scaffolds loaded with cells and/or growth factors (GFs) enhance regeneration of the discal or osteochondral TMJ tissues, compared with scaffolds alone, without cells, or GFs? Following PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis) guidelines, electronic databases were searched for relevant controlled preclinical in vivo studies. Thirty studies reporting TMJ TE strategies in both small (rodents, rabbits; n = 25) and large animals (dogs, sheep, goats; n = 5) reporting histological and/or radiographic outcomes were included. Twelve studies reported ectopic (subcutaneous) implantation models in rodents, whereas 18 studies reported orthotopic, surgically induced defect models in large animals. On average, studies presented with an unclear-to-high risk of bias. In most studies, mesenchymal stem cells or chondrocytes were used in combination with either natural or synthetic polymer scaffolds, aiming for either TMJ disc or condyle regeneration. In summary, the overall preclinical evidence (ectopic [n = 6] and orthotopic TMJ models [n = 6]) indicate that addition of chondrogenic and/or osteogenic cells to biomaterial scaffolds enhances the potential for TMJ tissue regeneration. Standardization of animal models and quantitative outcome evaluations (biomechanical, biochemical, histomorphometric, and radiographic) in future studies, would allow more reliable comparisons and increase the validity of the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Espen Helgeland
- 1 Department of Clinical Dentistry, Center for Clinical Dental Research, University of Bergen , Bergen, Norway
| | - Siddharth Shanbhag
- 1 Department of Clinical Dentistry, Center for Clinical Dental Research, University of Bergen , Bergen, Norway
| | - Torbjørn Ostvik Pedersen
- 1 Department of Clinical Dentistry, Center for Clinical Dental Research, University of Bergen , Bergen, Norway .,2 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Bergen and Haukeland University Hospital , Bergen, Norway
| | - Kamal Mustafa
- 1 Department of Clinical Dentistry, Center for Clinical Dental Research, University of Bergen , Bergen, Norway
| | - Annika Rosén
- 1 Department of Clinical Dentistry, Center for Clinical Dental Research, University of Bergen , Bergen, Norway .,2 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Bergen and Haukeland University Hospital , Bergen, Norway
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9
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Van Bellinghen X, Idoux-Gillet Y, Pugliano M, Strub M, Bornert F, Clauss F, Schwinté P, Keller L, Benkirane-Jessel N, Kuchler-Bopp S, Lutz JC, Fioretti F. Temporomandibular Joint Regenerative Medicine. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E446. [PMID: 29393880 PMCID: PMC5855668 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19020446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is an articulation formed between the temporal bone and the mandibular condyle which is commonly affected. These affections are often so painful during fundamental oral activities that patients have lower quality of life. Limitations of therapeutics for severe TMJ diseases have led to increased interest in regenerative strategies combining stem cells, implantable scaffolds and well-targeting bioactive molecules. To succeed in functional and structural regeneration of TMJ is very challenging. Innovative strategies and biomaterials are absolutely crucial because TMJ can be considered as one of the most difficult tissues to regenerate due to its limited healing capacity, its unique histological and structural properties and the necessity for long-term prevention of its ossified or fibrous adhesions. The ideal approach for TMJ regeneration is a unique scaffold functionalized with an osteochondral molecular gradient containing a single stem cell population able to undergo osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation such as BMSCs, ADSCs or DPSCs. The key for this complex regeneration is the functionalization with active molecules such as IGF-1, TGF-β1 or bFGF. This regeneration can be optimized by nano/micro-assisted functionalization and by spatiotemporal drug delivery systems orchestrating the 3D formation of TMJ tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Van Bellinghen
- INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine (RNM), FMTS, 11 rue Humann, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de Strasbourg, 8 rue Ste Elisabeth, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
- Médecine et Chirurgie Bucco-Dentaires & Chirurgie Maxillo-Facial, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), 1 place de l'Hôpital, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Ysia Idoux-Gillet
- INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine (RNM), FMTS, 11 rue Humann, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de Strasbourg, 8 rue Ste Elisabeth, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Marion Pugliano
- INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine (RNM), FMTS, 11 rue Humann, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de Strasbourg, 8 rue Ste Elisabeth, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Marion Strub
- INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine (RNM), FMTS, 11 rue Humann, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de Strasbourg, 8 rue Ste Elisabeth, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
- Médecine et Chirurgie Bucco-Dentaires & Chirurgie Maxillo-Facial, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), 1 place de l'Hôpital, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Fabien Bornert
- INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine (RNM), FMTS, 11 rue Humann, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de Strasbourg, 8 rue Ste Elisabeth, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
- Médecine et Chirurgie Bucco-Dentaires & Chirurgie Maxillo-Facial, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), 1 place de l'Hôpital, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Francois Clauss
- INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine (RNM), FMTS, 11 rue Humann, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de Strasbourg, 8 rue Ste Elisabeth, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
- Médecine et Chirurgie Bucco-Dentaires & Chirurgie Maxillo-Facial, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), 1 place de l'Hôpital, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Pascale Schwinté
- INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine (RNM), FMTS, 11 rue Humann, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de Strasbourg, 8 rue Ste Elisabeth, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Laetitia Keller
- INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine (RNM), FMTS, 11 rue Humann, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de Strasbourg, 8 rue Ste Elisabeth, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Nadia Benkirane-Jessel
- INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine (RNM), FMTS, 11 rue Humann, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Sabine Kuchler-Bopp
- INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine (RNM), FMTS, 11 rue Humann, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Jean Christophe Lutz
- INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine (RNM), FMTS, 11 rue Humann, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
- Médecine et Chirurgie Bucco-Dentaires & Chirurgie Maxillo-Facial, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), 1 place de l'Hôpital, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Strasbourg, 11 rue Humann, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Florence Fioretti
- INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine (RNM), FMTS, 11 rue Humann, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de Strasbourg, 8 rue Ste Elisabeth, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
- Médecine et Chirurgie Bucco-Dentaires & Chirurgie Maxillo-Facial, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), 1 place de l'Hôpital, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
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10
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Akiyama M, Nonomura H, Kamil SH, Ignotz RA. Periosteal Cell Pellet Culture System: A New Technique for Bone Engineering. Cell Transplant 2017; 15:521-32. [PMID: 17121163 DOI: 10.3727/000000006783981765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
To treat bone loss that is induced by disease or wounds, bone grafts are commonly used. In dentistry, guided tissue regeneration is effective in the treatment of periodontal diseases. However, bone resorption after implantation is a major problem with the bone graft and guided tissue regeneration technique. This study examines a cell pellet culture system without exogenous scaffolds for bone regeneration. First, we examined the effect of ascorbic acid on cells. Transmission electron microscopic observation revealed that cells formed a three-dimensional structure of multiple cell layers after 5 weeks of culturing in medium containing 50 μg/ml ascorbic acid with the medium changed every 7 days. A single cell pellet was produced by centrifuging cells that were gathered from 10 tissue culture dishes. Van Gieson staining and collagen type I immunostaining showed that the pellet contained collagen fibers and cells that adhered to the collagen fibers. Several of these cell pellets were implanted subcutaneously on the backs of nude mice for 6 weeks. Histology and immunohistochemistry results indicated new bone formation, vascular invasion, and insular areas of calcification. Bone tissue was surrounded by osteoblasts. The appearance of new bone formation is similar to that seen in intramembranous ossification. The present pellet system is reliable and might solve problems of bone resorption after implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Akiyama
- Center for Tissue Engineering, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA.
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11
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O’Connell G, Garcia J, Amir J. 3D Bioprinting: New Directions in Articular Cartilage Tissue Engineering. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2017; 3:2657-2668. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6b00587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Grace O’Connell
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering University of California, Berkeley, 5122 Etcheverry Hall, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Jeanette Garcia
- IBM Research-Almaden, 650
Harry Road K17/D2, San Jose, California 95120, United States
| | - Jamali Amir
- Joint Preservation Institute, 2825 J Street #440, Sacramento, California 95816, United States
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Challenges for Cartilage Regeneration. SPRINGER SERIES IN BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-53574-5_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Saotome K, Matsushita A, Matsumoto K, Kato Y, Nakai K, Murata K, Yamamoto T, Sankai Y, Matsumura A. A brain phantom for motion-corrected PROPELLER showing image contrast and construction similar to those of in vivo MRI. Magn Reson Imaging 2016; 36:32-39. [PMID: 27742431 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2016.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2016] [Revised: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE A fast spin-echo sequence based on the Periodically Rotated Overlapping Parallel Lines with Enhanced Reconstruction (PROPELLER) technique is a magnetic resonance (MR) imaging data acquisition and reconstruction method for correcting motion during scans. Previous studies attempted to verify the in vivo capabilities of motion-corrected PROPELLER in real clinical situations. However, such experiments are limited by repeated, stray head motion by research participants during the prescribed and precise head motion protocol of a PROPELLER acquisition. Therefore, our purpose was to develop a brain phantom set for motion-corrected PROPELLER. MATERIALS AND METHODS The profile curves of the signal intensities on the in vivo T2-weighted image (T2WI) and 3-D rapid prototyping technology were used to produce the phantom. In addition, we used a homemade driver system to achieve in-plane motion at the intended timing. We calculated the Pearson's correlation coefficient (R2) between the signal intensities of the in vivo T2WI and the phantom T2WI and clarified the rotation precision of the driver system. In addition, we used the phantom set to perform initial experiments to show the rotational angle and frequency dependences of PROPELLER. RESULTS The in vivo and phantom T2WIs were visually congruent, with a significant correlation (R2) of 0.955 (p<.001). The rotational precision of the driver system was within 1 degree of tolerance. The experiment on the rotational angle dependency showed image discrepancies between the rotational angles. The experiment on the rotational frequency dependency showed that the reconstructed images became increasingly blurred by the corruption of the blades as the number of motions increased. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we developed a phantom that showed image contrasts and construction similar to the in vivo T2WI. In addition, our homemade driver system achieved precise in-plane motion at the intended timing. Our proposed phantom set could perform systematic experiments with a real clinical MR image, which to date has not been possible in in vivo studies. Further investigation should focus on the improvement of the motion-correction algorithm in PROPELLER using our phantom set for what would traditionally be considered problematic patients (children, emergency patients, elderly, those with dementia, and so on).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kousaku Saotome
- Center for Cybernics Research, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan; Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Science Majors of Medical Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan.
| | - Akira Matsushita
- Center for Cybernics Research, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan; Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Koji Matsumoto
- Department of Radiology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Chiba 260-8677, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Kato
- Diagnostic Imaging Room, Medical Technology Department, Kameda General Hospital, Kamogawa, Chiba 296-8602, Japan
| | - Kei Nakai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Koichi Murata
- School of Integrative and Global Majors (SIGMA), University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Yamamoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Sankai
- Center for Cybernics Research, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan; Faculty of Engineering, Information, and Systems, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
| | - Akira Matsumura
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
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Ogden KM, Aslan C, Ordway N, Diallo D, Tillapaugh-Fay G, Soman P. Factors Affecting Dimensional Accuracy of 3-D Printed Anatomical Structures Derived from CT Data. J Digit Imaging 2016; 28:654-63. [PMID: 25982877 DOI: 10.1007/s10278-015-9803-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Additive manufacturing and bio-printing, with the potential for direct fabrication of complex patient-specific anatomies derived from medical scan data, are having an ever-increasing impact on the practice of medicine. Anatomic structures are typically derived from CT or MRI scans, and there are multiple steps in the model derivation process that influence the geometric accuracy of the printed constructs. In this work, we compare the dimensional accuracy of 3-D printed constructs of an L1 vertebra derived from CT data for an ex vivo cadaver T-L spine with the original vertebra. Processing of segmented structures using binary median filters and various surface extraction algorithms is evaluated for the effect on model dimensions. We investigate the effects of changing CT reconstruction kernels by scanning simple geometric objects and measuring the impact on the derived model dimensions. We also investigate if there are significant differences between physical and virtual model measurements. The 3-D models were printed using a commercial 3-D printer, the Replicator 2 (MakerBot, Brooklyn, NY) using polylactic acid (PLA) filament. We found that changing parameters during the scan reconstruction, segmentation, filtering, and surface extraction steps will have an effect on the dimensions of the final model. These effects need to be quantified for specific situations that rely on the accuracy of 3-D printed models used in medicine or tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kent M Ogden
- Department of Radiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 E. Adams St., Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA.
| | - Can Aslan
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, 900 S Crouse Ave, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Nathaniel Ordway
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Dalanda Diallo
- Department of Radiology, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA
| | - Gwen Tillapaugh-Fay
- Department of Radiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 E. Adams St., Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Pranav Soman
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, 900 S Crouse Ave, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA.
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Short AR, Koralla D, Deshmukh A, Wissel B, Stocker B, Calhoun M, Dean D, Winter JO. Hydrogels That Allow and Facilitate Bone Repair, Remodeling, and Regeneration. J Mater Chem B 2015; 3:7818-7830. [PMID: 26693013 PMCID: PMC4675359 DOI: 10.1039/c5tb01043h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Bone defects can originate from a variety of causes, including trauma, cancer, congenital deformity, and surgical reconstruction. Success of the current "gold standard" treatment (i.e., autologous bone grafts) is greatly influenced by insufficient or inappropriate bone stock. There is thus a critical need for the development of new, engineered materials for bone repair. This review describes the use of natural and synthetic hydrogels as scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. We discuss many of the advantages that hydrogels offer as bone repair materials, including their potential for osteoconductivity, biodegradability, controlled growth factor release, and cell encapsulation. We also discuss the use of hydrogels in composite devices with metals, ceramics, or polymers. These composites are useful because of the low mechanical moduli of hydrogels. Finally, the potential for thermosetting and photo-cross-linked hydrogels as three-dimensionally (3D) printed, patient-specific devices is highlighted. Three-dimensional printing enables controlled spatial distribution of scaffold materials, cells, and growth factors. Hydrogels, especially natural hydrogels present in bone matrix, have great potential to augment existing bone tissue engineering devices for the treatment of critical size bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron R. Short
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Deepthi Koralla
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Ameya Deshmukh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Benjamin Wissel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Benjamin Stocker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Mark Calhoun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - David Dean
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Jessica O. Winter
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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Di Bella C, Fosang A, Donati DM, Wallace GG, Choong PFM. 3D Bioprinting of Cartilage for Orthopedic Surgeons: Reading between the Lines. Front Surg 2015; 2:39. [PMID: 26322314 PMCID: PMC4534805 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2015.00039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Chondral and osteochondral lesions represent one of the most challenging and frustrating scenarios for the orthopedic surgeon and for the patient. The lack of therapeutic strategies capable to reconstitute the function and structure of hyaline cartilage and to halt the progression toward osteoarthritis has brought clinicians and scientists together, to investigate the potential role of tissue engineering as a viable alternative to current treatment modalities. In particular, the role of bioprinting is emerging as an innovative technology that allows for the creation of organized 3D tissue constructs via a "layer-by-layer" deposition process. This process also has the capability to combine cells and biomaterials in an ordered and predetermined way. Here, we review the recent advances in cartilage bioprinting and we identify the current challenges and the directions for future developments in cartilage regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Di Bella
- Department of Orthopaedic, St Vincent’s Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Amanda Fosang
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Davide M. Donati
- Unit of Orthopaedic Pathology and Osteoarticular Tissue Regeneration, Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - Gordon G. Wallace
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, AIIM Facility, Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Peter F. M. Choong
- Department of Orthopaedic, St Vincent’s Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Roach BL, Hung CT, Cook JL, Ateshian GA, Tan AR. Fabrication of tissue engineered osteochondral grafts for restoring the articular surface of diarthrodial joints. Methods 2015; 84:103-8. [PMID: 25794950 PMCID: PMC4667358 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2015.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2014] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteochondral allograft implantation is an effective cartilage restoration technique for large defects (>10 cm(2)), though the demand far exceeds the supply of available quality donor tissue. Large bilayered engineered cartilage tissue constructs with accurate anatomical features (i.e. contours, thickness, architecture) could be beneficial in replacing damaged tissue. When creating these osteochondral constructs, however, it is pertinent to maintain biofidelity to restore functionality. Here, we describe a step-by-step framework for the fabrication of a large osteochondral construct with correct anatomical architecture and topology through a combination of high-resolution imaging, rapid prototyping, impression molding, and injection molding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan L Roach
- Columbia University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, New York, NY, USA
| | - Clark T Hung
- Columbia University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, New York, NY, USA
| | - James L Cook
- University of Missouri, Comparative Orthopaedic Laboratory, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Gerard A Ateshian
- Columbia University, Department of Mechanical Engineering, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andrea R Tan
- Columbia University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, New York, NY, USA.
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Liu CK, Jing CX, Tan XY, Xu J, Hu M. Using three-dimensional porous internal titanium scaffold or allogenic bone scaffold for tissue-engineering condyle as a novel reconstruction of mandibular condylar defects. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HYPOTHESES AND IDEAS 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmhi.2013.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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20
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Shibazaki-Yorozuya R, Yamada A, Nagata S, Ueda K, Miller AJ, Maki K. Three-dimensional longitudinal changes in craniofacial growth in untreated hemifacial microsomia patients with cone-beam computed tomography. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2014; 145:579-94. [PMID: 24785922 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2013.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2013] [Revised: 09/01/2013] [Accepted: 09/01/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to evaluate the concept that the affected and contralateral sides do not grow at the same rate in patients with hemifacial microsomia. Changes in the cranial base, maxilla, mandible, and occlusal plane were evaluated on 3-dimensional images from cone-beam computed tomography data in untreated patients. METHODS Six patients were classified as having mandibular Pruzansky/Kaban type I, IIA, or IIB hemifacial microsomia. Cone-beam computed tomography (MercuRay; Hitachi, Tokyo, Japan) scans were taken before orthodontic treatment during both growth and postpuberty periods. RESULTS The cranial base as defined by the position of the mastoid process was in a different position between the affected and contralateral control sides. The nasomaxillary length or height was shorter on the affected side for all 6 patients with hemifacial microsomia regardless of its severity, and it grew less than on the contralateral control side in 5 of the 6 patients. The occlusal plane angle became more inclined in 4 of the 6 patients. The mandibular ramus was shorter on the affected side in all patients and grew less on the affected side in 5 of the 6 patients. The mandibular body grew slower, the same, or faster than on the control side. CONCLUSIONS The cranial base, position of the condyle, lengths of the condyle and ramus, and positions of the gonial angle and condyle can vary between the affected and contralateral control sides of patients with hemifacial microsomia, with the ramus and nasomaxillary length usually growing slower than they grow on the control side. These results suggest that many factors affect the growth rate of the craniofacial region and, specifically, the mandible in patients with hemifacial microsomia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reiko Shibazaki-Yorozuya
- Assistant professor, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Akira Yamada
- Lecturer, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Osaka Medical School, Osaka, Japan; visiting professor, World Craniofacial Foundation, Dallas, Tex
| | - Satoru Nagata
- Director, Nagata Microtia and Reconstructive Plastic Surgery Clinic, Saitama, Japan; visiting professor, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of California Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, Calif
| | - Kouichi Ueda
- Professor and chair, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Osaka Medical School, Osaka, Japan
| | - Arthur J Miller
- Professor, Division of Orthodontics, Department of Orofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, Calif
| | - Koutaro Maki
- Professor and chair, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
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Yao Q, Nooeaid P, Detsch R, Roether JA, Dong Y, Goudouri OM, Schubert DW, Boccaccini AR. Bioglass®/chitosan-polycaprolactone bilayered composite scaffolds intended for osteochondral tissue engineering. J Biomed Mater Res A 2014; 102:4510-8. [PMID: 24677705 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2013] [Revised: 01/29/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Polymer-coated 45S5 Bioglass(®) (BG)/chitosan-polycaprolactone (BG/CS-PCL) bilayered composite scaffolds were prepared via foam replication and freeze-drying techniques for application in osteochondral tissue engineering. The CS-PCL coated and uncoated BG scaffolds were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The mechanical properties of the coated scaffolds were significantly improved in comparison to uncoated scaffolds. The bioactivity and biodegradation behavior of scaffolds were studied in simulated body fluid (SBF) for up to 28 days. The interface between the BG scaffold and the polymer coating layer was observed by SEM and a suitable interpenetration of the polymer into the scaffold struts was found. The effects of coated and uncoated BG scaffolds on MG-63 osteoblast-like cells were evaluated by cell viability, adhesion and proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Yao
- Institute of Advanced Materials for Nano-Bio Applications, School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstrasse 6, Erlangen, 91058, Germany; Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, People's Republic of China
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Temple JP, Hutton DL, Hung BP, Huri PY, Cook CA, Kondragunta R, Jia X, Grayson WL. Engineering anatomically shaped vascularized bone grafts with hASCs and 3D-printed PCL scaffolds. J Biomed Mater Res A 2014; 102:4317-25. [PMID: 24510413 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The treatment of large craniomaxillofacial bone defects is clinically challenging due to the limited availability of transplantable autologous bone grafts and the complex geometry of the bones. The ability to regenerate new bone tissues that faithfully replicate the anatomy would revolutionize treatment options. Advances in the field of bone tissue engineering over the past few decades offer promising new treatment alternatives using biocompatible scaffold materials and autologous cells. This approach combined with recent advances in three-dimensional (3D) printing technologies may soon allow the generation of large, bioartificial bone grafts with custom, patient-specific architecture. In this study, we use a custom-built 3D printer to develop anatomically shaped polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds with varying internal porosities. These scaffolds are assessed for their ability to support induction of human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs) to form vasculature and bone, two essential components of functional bone tissue. The development of functional tissues is assessed in vitro and in vivo. Finally, we demonstrate the ability to print large mandibular and maxillary bone scaffolds that replicate fine details extracted from patient's computed tomography scans. The findings of this study illustrate the capabilities and potential of 3D printed scaffolds to be used for engineering autologous, anatomically shaped, vascularized bone grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua P Temple
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, 21231; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, 21231
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Payne KF, Balasundaram I, Deb S, Di Silvio L, Fan KF. Tissue engineering technology and its possible applications in oral and maxillofacial surgery. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2014; 52:7-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2013.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2012] [Accepted: 03/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Mehrotra D. TMJ Bioengineering: A review. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2013; 3:140-5. [PMID: 25737903 PMCID: PMC3941445 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2013.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2013] [Accepted: 07/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Regeneration using scaffolds, growth factors, and stem cells is being investigated worldwide. Pubmed search for scaffolds for condyle resulted in 102 articles, of which 24 analyzed Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) scaffolds and only 6 evaluated hydroxyapatite scaffolds. 17 articles report studies on TMJ disc regeneration. The ideal bone construct for repair should be able to replicate the lost structure, restore function, be harmless, reliable and biodegradable. Scaffolds act as carriers for mesenchymal stem cells and/or growth factors and are useful for cell adhesion, migration, proliferation, and differentiation. Gene therapy has also led to the accelerated effective bone regeneration. The major materials used as scaffolds are natural or synthetic polymers, ceramics, composite materials, and electrospun nanofibers. Mesenchymal stem cells are responsible for the formation of virtually all dental, oral, and craniofacial structures. Tissue-engineered bone can possess the customized shape and dimensions. It has the potential for the biological replacement of craniofacial bones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Mehrotra
- Professor, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Ding C, Qiao Z, Jiang W, Li H, Wei J, Zhou G, Dai K. Regeneration of a goat femoral head using a tissue-specific, biphasic scaffold fabricated with CAD/CAM technology. Biomaterials 2013; 34:6706-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.05.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2013] [Accepted: 05/21/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Petrovic V, Zivkovic P, Petrovic D, Stefanovic V. Craniofacial bone tissue engineering. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2013; 114:e1-9. [PMID: 22862985 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2012.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2011] [Revised: 01/18/2012] [Accepted: 02/29/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
There are numerous conditions, such as trauma, cancer, congenital malformations, and progressive deforming skeletal diseases, that can compromise the function and architectonics of bones of craniofacial region. The need to develop new approaches for treatment of these disorders arises from the fact that conventional therapeutic strategies face many obstacles and limitations. The use of tissue engineering in regeneration of craniofacial bone structures is a very promising possibility and a great challenge for researchers and practitioners. Developments in stem cell biology and engineering have led to the discovery of different stem cell populations and biodegradable materials with suitable properties. This review summarizes the current achievements in tissue engineering of craniofacial bone, temporomandibular joint, and periodontal ligament.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Petrovic
- Department of Histology, Stem Cells Laboratory, University School of Medicine, Nis, Serbia
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Maxson S, Burg KJL. Conditioned Media Enhance Osteogenic Differentiation on Poly(L-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone)/Hydroxyapatite Scaffolds and Chondrogenic Differentiation in Alginate. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2012; 21:1441-58. [DOI: 10.1163/092050609x12518804794703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Scott Maxson
- a Department of Bioengineering, 501-4 Rhodes Engineering Research Center, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA; Institute for Biological Interfaces of Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Karen J. L. Burg
- b Department of Bioengineering, 501-4 Rhodes Engineering Research Center, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA; Institute for Biological Interfaces of Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
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Xu H, Su J, Sun J, Ren T. Preparation and characterization of new nano-composite scaffolds loaded with vascular stents. Int J Mol Sci 2012; 13:3366-3381. [PMID: 22489156 PMCID: PMC3317717 DOI: 10.3390/ijms13033366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2011] [Revised: 01/04/2012] [Accepted: 02/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, vascular stents were fabricated from poly (lactide-ɛ-caprolactone)/collagen/nano-hydroxyapatite (PLCL/Col/nHA) by electrospinning, and the surface morphology and breaking strength were observed or measured through scanning electron microscopy and tensile tests. The anti-clotting properties of stents were evaluated for anticoagulation surfaces modified by the electrostatic layer-by-layer self-assembly technique. In addition, nano-composite scaffolds of poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid)/polycaprolactone/nano-hydroxyapatite (PLGA/PCL/nHA) loaded with the vascular stents were prepared by thermoforming-particle leaching and their basic performance and osteogenesis were tested in vitro and in vivo. The results show that the PLCL/Col/nHA stents and PLGA/PCL/nHA nano-composite scaffolds had good surface structures, mechanical properties, biocompatibility and could guide bone regeneration. These may provide a new way to build vascularized-tissue engineered bone to repair large bone defects in bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongzhen Xu
- Institute of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, Tongji University, 399 Yanchang Road, Shanghai 200092, China; E-Mails: (H.X.); (J.S.)
| | - Jiansheng Su
- Institute of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, Tongji University, 399 Yanchang Road, Shanghai 200092, China; E-Mails: (H.X.); (J.S.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +86-21-6631-1629; Fax: +86-21-6652-4025
| | - Jun Sun
- Institute of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, Tongji University, 399 Yanchang Road, Shanghai 200092, China; E-Mails: (H.X.); (J.S.)
| | - Tianbin Ren
- Institute of Nano- and Bio-Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China; E-Mail:
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Lippens E, Swennen I, Gironès J, Declercq H, Vertenten G, Vlaminck L, Gasthuys F, Schacht E, Cornelissen R. Cell survival and proliferation after encapsulation in a chemically modified Pluronic(R) F127 hydrogel. J Biomater Appl 2011; 27:828-39. [PMID: 22090430 DOI: 10.1177/0885328211427774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Pluronic® F127 is a biocompatible, injectable, and thermoresponsive polymer with promising biomedical applications. In this study, a chemically modified form, i.e., Pluronic ALA-L with tailored degradation rate, was tested as an encapsulation vehicle for osteoblastic cells. UV cross-linking of the modified polymer results in a stable hydrogel with a slower degradation rate. Toxicological screening showed no adverse effects of the modified Pluronic ALA-L on the cell viability. Moreover, high viability of embedded cells in the cross-linked Pluronic ALA-L was observed with life/death fluorescent staining during a 7-day-culture period. Cells were also cultured on macroporous, cross-linked gelatin microbeads, called CultiSpher-S® carriers, and encapsulated into the modified cross-linked hydrogel. Also, in this situation, good cell proliferation and migration could be observed in vitro. Preliminary in vivo tests have shown the formation of new bone starting from the injected pre-loaded CultiSpher-S® carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evi Lippens
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
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31
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Khadka A, Hu J. Autogenous grafts for condylar reconstruction in treatment of TMJ ankylosis: current concepts and considerations for the future. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2011; 41:94-102. [PMID: 22088390 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2011.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2011] [Revised: 07/26/2011] [Accepted: 10/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis is characterized by difficulty or inability to open the mouth due to fusion of the temporal and the mandible, resulting in facial symmetry/deformity, malocclusion and dental problems. The only treatment option for TMJ ankylosis is surgical with or without condylar reconstruction. Various autogenous grafts are available for condylar reconstruction after freeing the ankylotic mass such as costochondral, sternoclavicular, fibular, coronoid, and metatarsophalangeal. Costochondral graft is preferred by surgeons, but distraction osteogenesis is slowly gaining popularity and may ultimately become the standard procedure, providing a cost-effective approach with low morbidity and excellent functional outcomes. Tissue engineering is another budding field which has shown promising results in animal studies but has not been applied to humans. To date, there is no ideal autogenous graft for condylar reconstruction that satisfies the complex anatomy and the myriad of functions of a missing condyle.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Khadka
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sichuan University, West China College of Stomatology, Chengdu 610041, China
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Yu H, Yang X, Cheng J, Wang X, Shen SG. Distraction osteogenesis combined with tissue-engineered cartilage in the reconstruction of condylar osteochondral defect. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2011; 69:e558-64. [PMID: 21978717 DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2011.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2011] [Revised: 06/14/2011] [Accepted: 07/01/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Surgical rehabilitation of condylar osteochondral defect remains a challenge for surgeons. The aim of this study was to explore the feasibility of combining distraction osteogenesis with tissue-engineered cartilage in the reconstruction of condylar osteochondral defect. MATERIALS AND METHODS A condylar defect model was established in 18 goats that were randomly divided into 2 groups: the experimental group and the control group. Mandibular ramus osteotomies were performed and distractors were implanted in all animals. The mixture of chondrocytes and Pluronic F-127 (Sigma-Aldrich, St Louis, MO) was injected on the notched surface of a transport disc in the experimental group, whereas a scaffold without cells was transplanted into the control group. After a 5-day latency period, distraction was activated at a rate of 0.5 mm twice per day for 15 days. The goats were killed at the end of the fourth, eighth, or twelfth week in the consolidation period. Specimens were harvested and macroscopic evaluation, as well as Masson trichrome and immunohistochemical staining, were performed to compare the results between the 2 groups. RESULTS Osteogenesis was found in all animals with no evidence of infection. Condyle-like structures were formed at the upper end of the transport segment in all animals. The neocondylar surface was covered with a layer of smooth lustrous fibrocartilage in the experimental group. Collagen was shown in the reparative tissue by Masson trichrome staining. Immunohistochemistry staining indicated that type II collagen was positive, whereas type I collagen was negative on the neocondylar surface in the experimental group. No cartilage-like tissue was seen, but fibrous tissue was identified at the bony surface in the control group. In the experimental group, immunofluorescent semiquantitative analysis showed that the positive rate of type II collagen was 1.62% ± 0.53% after the fourth week of consolidation, and it increased to 12.39% ± 3.27% after the twelfth week. There was a significant difference in the expression of type II collagen between the goats examined after the fourth week, and those examined after the twelfth week. CONCLUSION The combination of distraction osteogenesis with tissue-engineered cartilage is an ideal alternative in the reconstruction of condylar osteochondral defect. By use of this method, the simultaneous rehabilitation and regeneration of condylar bone and cartilage were achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Yu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Dormer NH, Busaidy K, Berkland CJ, Detamore MS. Osteochondral interface regeneration of rabbit mandibular condyle with bioactive signal gradients. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2011; 69:e50-7. [PMID: 21470747 DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2010.12.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2010] [Accepted: 12/28/2010] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Tissue engineering solutions focused on the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) have expanded in number and variety during the past decade to address the treatment of TMJ disorders. The existing data on approaches for healing small defects in the TMJ condylar cartilage and subchondral bone, however, are sparse. The purpose of the present study was thus to evaluate the performance of a novel gradient-based scaffolding approach to regenerate osteochondral defects in the rabbit mandibular condyle. MATERIALS AND METHODS Miniature bioactive plugs for regeneration of small mandibular condylar defects in New Zealand white rabbits were fabricated. The plugs were constructed from poly(D,L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) microspheres with a gradient transition between cartilage-promoting and bone-promoting growth factors. RESULTS At 6 weeks of healing, the results suggested that the implants provided support for the neosynthesized tissue as evidenced by the histologic and 9.4 T magnetic resonance imaging findings. CONCLUSION The inclusion of bioactive factors in a gradient-based scaffolding design is a promising new treatment strategy for focal defect repair in the TMJ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan H Dormer
- Bioengineering Program, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
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Sherwood RJ, Duren DL, Mahaney MC, Blangero J, Dyer TD, Cole SA, Czerwinski SA, Chumlea WC, Siervogel RM, Choh AC, Nahhas RW, Lee M, Towne B. A genome-wide linkage scan for quantitative trait loci influencing the craniofacial complex in humans (Homo sapiens sapiens). Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2011; 294:664-75. [PMID: 21328561 PMCID: PMC3091483 DOI: 10.1002/ar.21337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2010] [Accepted: 11/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The genetic architecture of the craniofacial complex has been the subject of intense scrutiny because of the high frequency of congenital malformations. Numerous animal models have been used to document the early development of the craniofacial complex, but few studies have focused directly on the genetic underpinnings of normal variation in the human craniofacial complex. This study examines 80 quantitative traits derived from lateral cephalographs of 981 participants in the Fels Longitudinal Study, Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio. Quantitative genetic analyses were conducted using the Sequential Oligogenic Linkage Analysis Routines analytic platform, a maximum-likelihood variance components method that incorporates all familial information for parameter estimation. Heritability estimates were significant and of moderate to high magnitude for all craniofacial traits. Additionally, significant quantitative trait loci (QTL) were identified for 10 traits from the three developmental components (basicranium, splanchnocranium, and neurocranium) of the craniofacial complex. These QTL were found on chromosomes 3, 6, 11, 12, and 14. This study of the genetic architecture of the craniofacial complex elucidates fundamental information of the genetic architecture of the craniofacial complex in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Sherwood
- Lifespan Health Research Center, Dept. of Community Health, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, 3171 Research Blvd., Kettering, OH 45420, USA.
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Wang L, Zhao L, Detamore MS. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cells in a sandwich approach for osteochondral tissue engineering. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2010; 5:712-21. [PMID: 21953869 DOI: 10.1002/term.370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2010] [Accepted: 08/31/2010] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cell sources and tissue integration between cartilage and bone regions are critical to successful osteochondral regeneration. In this study, human umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cells (hUCMSCs), derived from Wharton's jelly, were introduced to the field of osteochondral tissue engineering and a new strategy for osteochondral integration was developed by sandwiching a layer of cells between chondrogenic and osteogenic constructs before suturing them together. Specifically, hUCMSCs were cultured in biodegradable poly-L-lactic acid scaffolds for 3 weeks in either chondrogenic or osteogenic medium to differentiate cells toward cartilage or bone lineages, respectively. A highly concentrated cell solution containing undifferentiated hUCMSCs was pasted onto the surface of the bone layer at week 3 and the two layers were then sutured together to form an osteochondral composite for another 3 week culture period. Chondrogenic and osteogenic differentiation was initiated during the first 3 weeks, as evidenced by the expression of type II collagen and runt-related transcription factor 2 genes, respectively, and continued with the increase of extracellular matrix during the last 3 weeks. Histological and immunohistochemical staining, such as for glycosaminoglycans, type I collagen and calcium, revealed better integration and transition of these matrices between two layers in the composite group containing sandwiched cells compared to other control composites. These results suggest that hUCMSCs may be a suitable cell source for osteochondral regeneration, and the strategy of sandwiching cells between two layers may facilitate scaffold and tissue integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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Ballyns JJ, Cohen DL, Malone E, Maher SA, Potter HG, Wright T, Lipson H, Bonassar LJ. An optical method for evaluation of geometric fidelity for anatomically shaped tissue-engineered constructs. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2010; 16:693-703. [PMID: 19788346 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2009.0441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantification of shape fidelity of complex geometries for tissue-engineered constructs has not been thoroughly investigated. The objective of this study was to quantitatively describe geometric fidelities of various approaches to the fabrication of anatomically shaped meniscal constructs. Ovine menisci (n = 4) were imaged using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and microcomputed tomography (microCT). Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene plastic molds were designed from each imaging modality and three-dimensional printed on a Stratasys FDM 3000. Silastic impression molds were fabricated directly from ovine menisci. These molds were used to generate shaped constructs using 2% alginate with 2% CaSO(4). Solid freeform fabrication was conducted on a custom open-architecture three-dimensional printing platform. Printed samples were made using 2% alginate with 0.75% CaSO(4). Hydrogel constructs were scanned via laser triangulation distance sensor. The point cloud images were analyzed to acquire computational measurements for key points of interest (e.g., height, width, and volume). Silastic molds were within + or - 10% error with respect to the native tissue for seven key measurements, microCT molds for six of seven, microCT prints for four of seven, MRI molds for five of seven, and MRI prints for four of seven. This work shows the ability to generate and quantify anatomically shaped meniscal constructs of high geometric fidelity and lends insight into the relative geometric fidelities of several tissue engineering techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey J Ballyns
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
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37
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Cohen DL, Lipton JI, Bonassar LJ, Lipson H. Additive manufacturing for
in situ
repair of osteochondral defects. Biofabrication 2010; 2:035004. [DOI: 10.1088/1758-5082/2/3/035004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Fabrication of vascularized bone grafts of predetermined shape with hydroxyapatite-collagen gel beads and autogenous mesenchymal stem cell composites. Plast Reconstr Surg 2010; 125:1393-1402. [PMID: 20440159 DOI: 10.1097/prs.0b013e3181d62aab] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Advances in tissue-engineering techniques have enabled new procedures to be developed for bone regeneration. In this study, for engineering of structural tissues with supporting vascular networks, the authors attempted to produce vascularized tissue-engineered bone grafts using cultured mesenchymal stem cells/hydroxyapatite/collagen gel bead composites and vascular bundle implantation. METHODS Twenty-four New Zealand White rabbits underwent implantation of ringed polytetrafluoroethylene vascular grafts (1 x 3 cm) in the medial thigh with the femoral vascular bundle passing through. The polytetrafluoroethylene grafts were left unfilled (group A), filled with hydroxyapatite/collagen gel beads (group B), or filled with mesenchymal stem cells/hydroxyapatite/collagen gel bead composites (group C). At 4, 8, 12, and 16 weeks, the implants were removed and radiographic and histologic examinations were conducted. RESULTS Radiographic analysis revealed that the area of radiopacity within the chamber was highest in group C. The average calcified densities of groups B and C were between 0.99 +/- 0.11 and 1.29 +/- 0.14. Histologically, there was fibroadipose tissue within the chamber in group A. New tissue had grown into the matrix of the chambers of groups B and C, and substitution of the biomaterials was seen. Newly formed fibrovascular networks and osteoids were simultaneously seen. Bone marrow was observed in the vascular graft of group C 6 months after implantation. CONCLUSIONS Tissue-engineered vascularized bone grafts of predetermined shape were created with mesenchymal stem cell/hydroxyapatite/collagen gel bead composites. The results of this study showed that successful in vivo engineering of vascularized tissue-engineered bone grafts is possible.
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Lee CH, Marion NW, Hollister S, Mao JJ. Tissue formation and vascularization in anatomically shaped human joint condyle ectopically in vivo. Tissue Eng Part A 2009; 15:3923-30. [PMID: 19563263 PMCID: PMC2792071 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2008.0653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2008] [Accepted: 06/29/2009] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Scale-up of bioengineered grafts toward clinical applications is a challenge in regenerative medicine. Here, we report tissue formation and vascularization of anatomically shaped human tibial condyles ectopically with a dimension of 20 x 15 x 15 mm(3). A composite of poly-epsilon-caprolactone and hydroxyapatite was fabricated using layer deposition of three-dimensional interlaid strands with interconnecting microchannels (400 microm) and seeded with human bone marrow stem cells (hMSCs) with or without osteogenic differentiation. An overlaying layer (1 mm deep) of poly(ethylene glycol)-based hydrogel encapsulating hMSCs or hMSC-derived chondrocytes was molded into anatomic shape and anchored into microchannels by gel infusion. After 6 weeks of subcutaneous implantation in athymic rats, hMSCs generated not only significantly more blood vessels, but also significantly larger-diameter vessels than hMSC-derived osteoblasts, although hMSC-derived osteoblasts yielded mineralized tissue in microchannels. Chondrocytes in safranin-O-positive glycosaminoglycan matrix were present in the cartilage layer seeded with hMSC-derived chondrogenic cells, although significantly more cells were present in the cartilage layer seeded with hMSCs than hMSC-derived chondrocytes. Together, MSCs elaborate substantially more angiogenesis, whereas their progenies yield corresponding differentiated tissue phenotypes. Scale up is probable by incorporating a combination of stem cells and their progenies in repeating modules of internal microchannels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang H. Lee
- Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Nicholas W. Marion
- Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Scott Hollister
- Scaffold Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Jeremy J. Mao
- Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
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Abstract
The ability to engineer anatomically correct pieces of viable and functional human bone would have tremendous potential for bone reconstructions after congenital defects, cancer resections, and trauma. We report that clinically sized, anatomically shaped, viable human bone grafts can be engineered by using human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) and a "biomimetic" scaffold-bioreactor system. We selected the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) condylar bone as our tissue model, because of its clinical importance and the challenges associated with its complex shape. Anatomically shaped scaffolds were generated from fully decellularized trabecular bone by using digitized clinical images, seeded with hMSCs, and cultured with interstitial flow of culture medium. A bioreactor with a chamber in the exact shape of a human TMJ was designed for controllable perfusion throughout the engineered construct. By 5 weeks of cultivation, tissue growth was evidenced by the formation of confluent layers of lamellar bone (by scanning electron microscopy), markedly increased volume of mineralized matrix (by quantitative microcomputer tomography), and the formation of osteoids (histologically). Within bone grafts of this size and complexity cells were fully viable at a physiologic density, likely an important factor of graft function. Moreover, the density and architecture of bone matrix correlated with the intensity and pattern of the interstitial flow, as determined in experimental and modeling studies. This approach has potential to overcome a critical hurdle-in vitro cultivation of viable bone grafts of complex geometries-to provide patient-specific bone grafts for craniofacial and orthopedic reconstructions.
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Abstract
Replication of anatomic shape is a significant challenge in developing implants for regenerative medicine. This has lead to significant interest in using medical imaging techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography to design tissue engineered constructs. Implementation of medical imaging and computer aided design in combination with technologies for rapid prototyping of living implants enables the generation of highly reproducible constructs with spatial resolution up to 25 microm. In this paper, we review the medical imaging modalities available and a paradigm for choosing a particular imaging technique. We also present fabrication techniques and methodologies for producing cellular engineered constructs. Finally, we comment on future challenges involved with image guided tissue engineering and efforts to generate engineered constructs ready for implantation.
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Wang L, Lazebnik M, Detamore MS. Hyaline cartilage cells outperform mandibular condylar cartilage cells in a TMJ fibrocartilage tissue engineering application. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2009; 17:346-53. [PMID: 18760638 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2008.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2008] [Accepted: 07/03/2008] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare temporomandibular joint (TMJ) condylar cartilage cells in vitro to hyaline cartilage cells cultured in a three-dimensional (3D) environment for tissue engineering of mandibular condylar cartilage. DESIGN Mandibular condylar cartilage and hyaline cartilage cells were harvested from pigs and cultured for 6 weeks in polyglycolic acid (PGA) scaffolds. Both types of cells were treated with glucosamine sulfate (0.4 mM), insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) (100 ng/ml) and their combination. At weeks 0 and 6, cell number, glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and collagen content were determined, types I and II collagen were visualized by immunohistochemistry and GAGs were visualized by histology. RESULTS Hyaline cartilage cells produced from half an order to a full order of magnitude more GAGs and collagen than mandibular condylar cartilage cells in 3D culture. IGF-I was a highly effective signal for biosynthesis with hyaline cartilage cells, while glucosamine sulfate decreased cell proliferation and biosynthesis with both types of cells. In vitro culture of TMJ condylar cartilage cells produced a fibrous tissue with predominantly type I collagen, while hyaline cartilage cells formed a fibrocartilage-like tissue with types I and II collagen. The combination of IGF and glucosamine had a synergistic effect on maintaining the phenotype of TMJ condylar cells to generate both types I and II collagen. CONCLUSION Given the superior biosynthetic activity by hyaline cartilage cells and the practical surgical limitations of harvesting cells from the TMJ of a patient requiring TMJ reconstruction, cartilage cells from elsewhere in the body may be a potentially better alternative to cells harvested from the TMJ for TMJ tissue engineering. This finding may also apply to other fibrocartilages such as the intervertebral disc and knee meniscus in applications where a mature cartilage cell source is desired.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Wang
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, United States
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43
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Chang SH, Hsu YM, Wang YJ, Tsao YP, Tung KY, Wang TY. Fabrication of pre-determined shape of bone segment with collagen-hydroxyapatite scaffold and autogenous platelet-rich plasma. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2009; 20:23-31. [PMID: 18651114 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-008-3507-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2008] [Accepted: 06/16/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reconstruction of large segment of bony defects is frequently needed in hand surgery. Autogenous bone grafting is considered the standard in management of these bony defects but has limited source of graft material. Collagen and hydroxyapatite have been used as bone-filling materials and are known to serve as the osteoconductive scaffold for bone regeneration. On the other hand, platelet-rich plasma is a kind of natural source of growth factors, and has been used successfully in bone regeneration and improving wound healing. This study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of using biohybrids of platelet-rich plasma and collagen-hydroxyapatite beads for fabricating of protrusive bone in a rabbit animal model. METHODS Biomaterial beads comprised of particulate hydroxyapatite dispersed in fibrous collagen (type I) matrices were prepared and filled in the ringed polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) artificial vascular graft (3 cm long, 1 cm in diameter). New Zealand White rabbits were each implanted with two cylindrical PTFE artificial vascular graft over both iliac crests (n = 16). A 2 x 0.5 cm opening was created at the side of each PTFE chamber to allow the content of chamber in contact with the bone marrow of the ileum. The chambers were empty (groups A and D), filled with type I collagen/hydroxyapatite beads (groups B and C). In groups C and D, autologous platelet rich plasma (PRP) was given by transcutaneous injection method into the chambers every week. After 12 weeks, the animals were sacrificed and the chambers were harvested for radiological and histological analysis. RESULTS In plain radiographs, the group C chambers had significantly higher bone tissue engineered (average calcified density 0.95, average calcified area 61.83%) compared with other groups (P < 0.001). In histological examination, there was a creeping substitution of the implant by the in-growth of fibrovascular tissue in group C. Abundant fibrovascular networks positioned interstitially between these biomaterial beads in all parts of chamber. Degradation of these beads and newly formed capillaries and osteoids around the degraded matrixes are shown. The continually calcification in the matrixes or degraded matrixes is evidenced by the strong green fluorescence observed under the confocal microscope. In group B, looser architecture without evidence of tissue in-growth was shown. In the scaffold absent groups (A and D), there was only fibrous tissue shown within the chamber. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we have demonstrated a feasible approach to fabricate an osseous tissue that meets clinical need. Using the type I collagen/ hydroxyapatite gel beads matrixes and intermittent injection of autologous platelet-rich-plasma, specific 3D osseous tissues with fibrovascular network structure from pre-exist bony margin were successfully created in an in vivo animal model.
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Athanasiou KA, Almarza AJ, Detamore MS, Kalpakci KN. Tissue Engineering of Temporomandibular Joint Cartilage. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.2200/s00198ed1v01y200906tis002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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45
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Ballyns JJ, Gleghorn JP, Niebrzydowski V, Rawlinson JJ, Potter HG, Maher SA, Wright TM, Bonassar LJ. Image-guided tissue engineering of anatomically shaped implants via MRI and micro-CT using injection molding. Tissue Eng Part A 2008; 14:1195-202. [PMID: 18593357 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2007.0186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study demonstrates for the first time the development of engineered tissues based on anatomic geometries derived from widely used medical imaging modalities such as computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Computer-aided design and tissue injection molding techniques have demonstrated the ability to generate living implants of complex geometry. Due to its complex geometry, the meniscus of the knee was used as an example of this technique's capabilities. MRI and microcomputed tomography (microCT) were used to design custom-printed molds that enabled the generation of anatomically shaped constructs that retained shape throughout 8 weeks of culture. Engineered constructs showed progressive tissue formation indicated by increases in extracellular matrix content and mechanical properties. The paradigm of interfacing tissue injection molding technology can be applied to other medical imaging techniques that render 3D models of anatomy, demonstrating the potential to apply the current technique to engineering of many tissues and organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffery J Ballyns
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
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46
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Tanaka E, Detamore M, Mercuri L. Degenerative Disorders of the Temporomandibular Joint: Etiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment. J Dent Res 2008; 87:296-307. [DOI: 10.1177/154405910808700406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 470] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders have complex and sometimes controversial etiologies. Also, under similar circumstances, one person’s TMJ may appear to deteriorate, while another’s does not. However, once degenerative changes start in the TMJ, this pathology can be crippling, leading to a variety of morphological and functional deformities. Primarily, TMJ disorders have a non-inflammatory origin. The pathological process is characterized by deterioration and abrasion of articular cartilage and local thickening. These changes are accompanied by the superimposition of secondary inflammatory changes. Therefore, appreciating the pathophysiology of the TMJ degenerative disorders is important to an understanding of the etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of internal derangement and osteoarthrosis of the TMJ. The degenerative changes in the TMJ are believed to result from dysfunctional remodeling, due to a decreased host-adaptive capacity of the articulating surfaces and/or functional overloading of the joint that exceeds the normal adaptive capacity. This paper reviews etiologies that involve biomechanical and biochemical factors associated with functional overloading of the joint and the clinical, radiographic, and biochemical findings important in the diagnosis of TMJ-osteoarthrosis. In addition, non-invasive and invasive modalities utilized in TMJ-osteoarthrosis management, and the possibility of tissue engineering, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Tanaka
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, The University of Tokushima Graduate School of Oral Sciences, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA; and
- Department of Surgery, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - M.S. Detamore
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, The University of Tokushima Graduate School of Oral Sciences, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA; and
- Department of Surgery, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - L.G. Mercuri
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, The University of Tokushima Graduate School of Oral Sciences, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA; and
- Department of Surgery, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA
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47
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Grayson WL, Chao PHG, Marolt D, Kaplan DL, Vunjak-Novakovic G. Engineering custom-designed osteochondral tissue grafts. Trends Biotechnol 2008; 26:181-9. [PMID: 18299159 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2007.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2007] [Revised: 12/12/2007] [Accepted: 12/12/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineering is expected to help us outlive the failure of our organs by enabling the creation of tissue substitutes capable of fully restoring the original tissue function. Degenerative joint disease, which affects one-fifth of the US population and is the country's leading cause of disability, drives current research of actively growing, functional tissue grafts for joint repair. Toward this goal, living cells are used in conjunction with biomaterial scaffolds (serving as instructive templates for tissue development) and bioreactors (providing environmental control and molecular and physical regulatory signals). In this review, we discuss the requirements for engineering customized, anatomically-shaped, stratified grafts for joint repair and the challenges of designing these grafts to provide immediate functionality (load bearing, structural support) and long-term regeneration (maturation, integration, remodeling).
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Affiliation(s)
- Warren L Grayson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
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48
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Moioli EK, Clark PA, Sumner DR, Mao JJ. Autologous stem cell regeneration in craniosynostosis. Bone 2008; 42:332-40. [PMID: 18023269 PMCID: PMC4035041 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2007.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2007] [Revised: 09/24/2007] [Accepted: 10/01/2007] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Craniosynostosis occurs in one of 2500 live human births and may manifest as craniofacial disfiguration, seizure, and blindness. Craniotomy is performed to reshape skull bones and resect synostosed cranial sutures. We demonstrate for the first time that autologous mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and controlled-released TGFbeta3 reduced surgical trauma to localized osteotomy and minimized osteogenesis in a rat craniosynostosis model. Approximately 0.5 mL tibial marrow content was aspirated to isolate mononucleated and adherent cells that were characterized as MSCs. Upon resecting the synostosed suture, autologous MSCs in collagen carriers with microencapsulated TGFbeta3 (1 ng/mL) generated cranial suture analogs characterized as bone-soft tissue-bone interface by quantitative histomorphometric and microCT analyses. Thus, surgical trauma in craniosynostosis can be minimized by a biologically viable implant. We speculate that proportionally larger amounts of human marrow aspirates participate in the healing of craniosynostosis defects in patients. The engineered soft tissue-bone interface may have implications in the repair of tendons, ligaments, periosteum and periodontal ligament.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo K. Moioli
- Columbia University, College of Dental Medicine, Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, 630 W. 168 St. – PH7E CDM, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Paul A. Clark
- University of Wisconsin at Madison Hospital, Department of Neurological Surgery CSC K4/879, 600 Highland Ave., Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | - D. Rick Sumner
- Rush University, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, 600 South Paulina, Suite 507, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Jeremy J. Mao
- Columbia University, College of Dental Medicine, Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, 630 W. 168 St. – PH7E CDM, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Corresponding author. Columbia University College of Dental Medicine, 630 W. 168 St. – PH7E CDM, New York, NY 10032, USA. Fax: +1 342 0199. (J.J. Mao)
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49
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Meurer MI, Meurer E, Silva JVLD, Bárbara AS, Nobre LF, Oliveira MGD, Silva DN. Aquisição e manipulação de imagens por tomografia computadorizada da região maxilofacial visando à obtenção de protótipos biomédicos. Radiol Bras 2008. [DOI: 10.1590/s0100-39842008000100013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
O processo de construção de protótipos biomédicos surgiu da união das tecnologias de prototipagem rápida e do diagnóstico por imagens. No entanto, este processo é complexo, em função da necessária interação entre as ciências biomédicas e a engenharia. Para que bons resultados sejam obtidos, especial atenção deve ser dispensada à aquisição das imagens por tomografia computadorizada e à manipulação dessas imagens em softwares específicos. Este artigo apresenta a experiência multidisciplinar de um grupo de pesquisadores com a aquisição e a manipulação de imagens por tomografia computadorizada do complexo maxilofacial, visando à construção de protótipos biomédicos com finalidade cirúrgica.
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50
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Sandler NA. Recent advances in cosmetic materials. Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am 2007; 14:53-9. [PMID: 18088610 DOI: 10.1016/s1042-3699(02)00012-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Noah A Sandler
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Minnesota, 7-174 Moos Tower, 515 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
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