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Al-Wahaibi L, Elshamsy AM, Ali TFS, Youssif BGM, Bräse S, Abdel-Aziz M, El-Koussi NA. Design and Synthesis of New Dihydropyrimidine Derivatives with a Cytotoxic Effect as Dual EGFR/VEGFR-2 Inhibitors. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:34358-34369. [PMID: 39157105 PMCID: PMC11325413 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c01361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
We developed and synthesized tetrahydropyrimidine derivatives as possible cytotoxic agents to inhibit EGFR and VEGFR-2 in the present study. Our study completely assesses the cytotoxic efficiency of pyrimidine-based derivatives 4-15 against various cancer cell lines, revealing derivatives 12 and 15 for their remarkable activity with GI50 values of 37 and 35 nM, respectively, when compared to the reference erlotinib (33 nM). In vitro enzyme assays showed that target compounds, particularly 12, 14, and 15, effectively inhibited EGFR and VEGFR-2. In vitro enzyme testing revealed that compound 15 was the most promising, with IC50 values of 84 and 3.50 nM for EGFR and VEGFR-2, respectively. Additionally, an in vitro assessment of the novel targets' apoptotic potential revealed that both pro-apoptotic and antiapoptotic behaviors were promising, indicating that the apoptotic induction pathway is a strongly proposed action method for the newly developed targets. Finally, molecular docking experiments are elaborately discussed to corroborate the exact binding interactions of the most active hybrids 12 and 15 with the EGFR and VEGFR-2 active sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lamya
H. Al-Wahaibi
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Princess
Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali M. Elshamsy
- Pharmceutical
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Minia 61517, Egypt
| | - Taha F. S. Ali
- Medicinal
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Bahaa G. M. Youssif
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
| | - Stefan Bräse
- Institute
of Biological and Chemical Systems, IBCS-FMS,
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Mohamed Abdel-Aziz
- Medicinal
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Nawal A. El-Koussi
- Pharmceutical
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Minia 61517, Egypt
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
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2
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Liu R, Yang C, Yang X, Yu J, Tang W. Network toxicology, molecular docking technology, and experimental verification revealed the mechanism of cantharidin-induced testicular injury in mice. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2024; 486:116921. [PMID: 38582374 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2024.116921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
As a protein kinase inhibitor, cantharidin (CTD) exhibits antitumor activities. However, CTD is highly toxic, thereby limiting clinical applications. Moreover, relatively few studies have investigated CTD-induced reproductive toxicity, thus the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In this study, the toxic effects of CTD on mouse testis were confirmed in vivo and the potential mechanism was predicted by network toxicology (NT) and molecular docking technology. Proteins involved in the signaling pathways and core targets were verified. The results showed that different concentrations of CTD induced weight loss increased the testicular coefficient, and caused obvious pathological damage to testicular cells. The NT results showed that the main targets of CTD-induced testicular injury (TI) included AKT1, Caspase 3, Bcl-2, and Bax. The results of pathway enrichment analysis showed that CTD-induced TI was closely related to apoptosis and the PI3K/AKT and HIF-1 signaling pathways. Molecular docking methods confirmed high affinity between CTD and key targets. Western blot analysis showed that CTD inhibited expression of PI3K, AKT, and the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, while promoting expression of the pro-apoptotic proteins Bax and Caspase 3. These results suggest that CTD-induced TI involves multiple targets and pathways, and the underlying mechanism was associated with inhibition of the apoptosis-related PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruxia Liu
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Changfu Yang
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Xin Yang
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Jia Yu
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Wenchao Tang
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China.
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3
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Khalef L, Lydia R, Filicia K, Moussa B. Cell viability and cytotoxicity assays: Biochemical elements and cellular compartments. Cell Biochem Funct 2024; 42:e4007. [PMID: 38593323 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.4007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Cell viability and cytotoxicity assays play a crucial role in drug screening and evaluating the cytotoxic effects of various chemicals. The quantification of cell viability and proliferation serves as the cornerstone for numerous in vitro assays that assess cellular responses to external factors. In the last decade, several studies have developed guidelines for defining and interpreting cell viability and cytotoxicity based on morphological, biochemical, and functional perspectives. As this domain continues to experience ongoing growth, revealing new mechanisms orchestrating diverse cell cytotoxicity pathways, we suggest a revised classification for multiple assays employed in evaluating cell viability and cell death. This classification is rooted in the cellular compartment and/or biochemical element involved, with a specific focus on mechanistic and essential aspects of the process. The assays are founded on diverse cell functions, encompassing metabolic activity, enzyme activity, cell membrane permeability and integrity, adenosine 5'-triphosphate content, cell adherence, reduction equivalents, dye inclusion or exclusion, constitutive protease activity, colony formation, DNA fragmentation and nuclear splitting. These assays present straightforward, reliable, sensitive, reproducible, cost-effective, and high-throughput approaches for appraising the effects of newly formulated chemotherapeutic biomolecules on the cell survival during the drug development process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lefsih Khalef
- Département de Biochimie et Microbiologie, Laboratoire d'Ecologie, Biotechnologie et Santé, Université Mouloud Mammeri de Tizi ouzou, Tizi Ouzou, Algeria
| | - Radja Lydia
- Département de Biochimie et Microbiologie, Laboratoire d'Ecologie, Biotechnologie et Santé, Université Mouloud Mammeri de Tizi ouzou, Tizi Ouzou, Algeria
| | - Khettar Filicia
- Département de Biochimie et Microbiologie, Laboratoire d'Ecologie, Biotechnologie et Santé, Université Mouloud Mammeri de Tizi ouzou, Tizi Ouzou, Algeria
| | - Berkoud Moussa
- Département de Biochimie et Microbiologie, Laboratoire d'Ecologie, Biotechnologie et Santé, Université Mouloud Mammeri de Tizi ouzou, Tizi Ouzou, Algeria
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4
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Abdelrahman NA, Al-Karmalawy AA, Jaballah MY, Yahya G, Sharaky M, Abouzid KAM. Design and synthesis of novel chloropyridazine hybrids as promising anticancer agents acting by apoptosis induction and PARP-1 inhibition through a molecular hybridization strategy. RSC Med Chem 2024; 15:981-997. [PMID: 38516606 PMCID: PMC10953493 DOI: 10.1039/d3md00751k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Guided by the molecular hybridization principle, a novel series of 4-chloropyridazinoxyphenyl conjugates (3a-h, 4a-e, and 5) was designed and synthesized as proposed apoptotic inducers and PARP-1 inhibitors. The growth inhibition % of the designed hybrids was investigated in eleven cancer cell lines, where the anticancer activities were found to be in the following order: 4-chloropyridazinoxyphenyl-aromatic ketones hybrids (3a-h) > 4-chloropyridazinoxyphenyl-benzyloxyphenylethan-1-one hybrids (4a-e) > 4-chloropyridazinoxyphenyl-thiazolidine-2,4-dione hybrid (5). Further, the most sensitive three cancer cell lines (HNO97, FaDu, and MDA-MB-468) were selected to measure the IC50 values of the new hybrids. Moreover, the frontier three members (3c, 3e, and 4b) were selected for the measurements of apoptotic protein markers (p53, BAX, caspase 3, caspase 6, BCL-2, and CK 18). Besides, the impact of compounds 3a-e and 4b on the activity of PARP-1 was investigated, where 3c, 3d, and 3e demonstrated comparable efficiencies to olaparib. Furthermore, γ-H2Ax, a well-established marker for double-strand DNA breaks, was examined and the occurrence of DNA damage was observed. In addition, a significant inhibition of cell proliferation and a remarkable 15 to 50-fold reduction in the number of colonies compared to the control group were recorded. Finally, the PARP-1 inhibitory potential of the novel hybrids was compared to the co-crystal of the target receptor (PDB ID: 6NTU) using molecular docking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norhan A Abdelrahman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University Cairo 11566 Egypt
| | - Ahmed A Al-Karmalawy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University-Egypt New Damietta 34518 Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University 6th of October City Giza 12566 Egypt
| | - Maiy Y Jaballah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University Cairo 11566 Egypt
| | - Galal Yahya
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Zagazig University Zagazig 44519 Egypt
- Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona, Spanish National Research Council Catalonia Spain
| | - Marwa Sharaky
- Cancer Biology Department, Pharmacology Unit, National Cancer Institute (NCI), Cairo University Cairo Egypt
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University 6th of October City Giza 12566 Egypt
| | - Khaled A M Abouzid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University Cairo 11566 Egypt
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5
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Zeng C, Tao W, Fu X, Li C, Guo M. CircRNA254 functions as the miR-375 sponge to inhibit coelomocyte apoptosis via targeting BAG2 in V. splendidus-challenged Apostichopus japonicus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 141:109073. [PMID: 37709179 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) function as immune regulators in many biological processes in mammals, while their function and underlying mechanisms in invertebrates are largely unexplored. In this study, the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) mechanism of circRNA that sponges miR-375 and thus regulates AjBAG2-mediated coelomocyte apoptosis was evaluated in Apostichopus japonicus. The results showed that circRNA254 (circ254) was significantly down-regulated in the intestines and coelomocytes after Vibrio splendidus challenge or Lipopolysaccharide exposure, which matched the RNA-seq results in A. japonicus within skin ulceration syndrome. Dual-luciferase and RNA FISH assays indicated that circ254 could directly combine with miR-375, in which circ254 possesses three binding sites of miR-375. Moreover, circ254 knockdown significantly promoted the coelomocyte apoptosis levels upon pathogen infection in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, circ254 silencing could also down-regulate AjBAG2 expression and thereby promoting the levels of coelomocyte apoptosis levels and the expression of caspase 3, which the phenomenon could be reversed by treatment with miR-375 inhibitors. Taken together, our results confirmed that circ254 functions as a ceRNA of AjBAG2 by sponging miR-375, resulting in the inhibition of coelomocyte apoptosis in A. japonicus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuili Zeng
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Wenjun Tao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Xianmu Fu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Chenghua Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China.
| | - Ming Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China.
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6
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Ju F, Wang D, Huang L, Jiang C, Gao C, Xiong C, Zhai G. Progress of PD-1/PD-L1 signaling in immune response to liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1227756. [PMID: 37545535 PMCID: PMC10399574 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1227756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary liver cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in China. The vast majority of primary liver cancer are hepatocellular carcinoma. Due to its high incidence and mortality from HCC, HCC has always been a feared type of cancer. Liver transplantation, as one of the important means to treat advanced liver cancer, has brought new hope to patients. However, as patients have been in a state of immunosuppression after liver transplantation, these patients face new problems of HCC recurrence and metastasis. A increasing number of studies have proved that blocking the PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway and restoring the immune killing inhibition of T cells can produce better therapeutic effects on tumors and chronic infectious diseases. As a promising treatment in the field of tumor immunotherapy, PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors have achieved important results in liver cancer patients, but their application in liver transplantation patients is still highly controversial. This paper will introduce the mechanism of action of PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway and the current basic and clinical studies of PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway associated with immune response in HCC transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Ju
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Yangzhou University Jianhu Clinical College, Jianhu, China
| | - Dawei Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second People’s Hospital of Yancheng City, Yancheng, China
| | - Lan Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chun Jiang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ce Gao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cunquan Xiong
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Vocational College Medicine, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guanghua Zhai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
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7
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Hedychium spicatum rhizome essential oil induces apoptosis in human prostate adenocarcinoma PC-3 cells via mitochondrial stress and caspase activation. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13807. [PMID: 36873474 PMCID: PMC9981923 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Hedychium spicatum is an essential oil bearing plant extensively used in the traditional system of medicine in several countries. Previous research has revealed H. spicatum essential oil (HSEO) to exhibit anti-tumor activity, although the mechanism of action is still unknown. Therefore, the current study was designed to carry out a comprehensive characterization of HSEO and evaluate the chemotherapeutic potential of HSEO against cancerous cells. The volatile constituents of HSEO was determined by one-dimensional gas chromatography with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOFMS) and two-dimensional gas chromatography with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GCxGC-TOFMS). In total, 193 phytocompounds could be detected, out of which 140 were identified for the first time. The major phytoconstituents detected by GCxGC-TOFMS were β-pinene (10.94%), eucalyptol (6.45%), sabinene (5.48%) and trans-isolimonene (5.00%). GCxGC-TOFMS analysis showed two and half fold increase in the constituents over GC-TOFMS due to better chromatographic separation of constituents in the 2nd dimensional column. HSEO was tested for in vitro cytotoxic activity against cancerous (PC-3, HCT-116 and A-549) and normal (3T3-L1) cell, with HSEO being most selective for prostate cancer cell (PC-3) over non-tumorigenic fibroblast (3T3-L1) cell. HSEO treatment inhibited the colony formation ability of PC-3 cells. HSEO treatment caused apoptotic cell death and cell cycle arrest at G2/M and S phase in PC-3 cells. HSEO induced apoptosis via intracellular ROS accumulation, mitochondria depolarization and increased caspase-3, 8, and 9 levels in PC-3 cells. Additionally, HSEO treatment led to a decrease of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL and increase of Bax and Bak protein levels. Overall, results from this study highlighted the anticancer potential of H. spicatum essential oil, which could be considered as a new agent for treating prostate cancer.
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8
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Suzuki M, Shindo Y, Yamanaka R, Oka K. Live imaging of apoptotic signaling flow using tunable combinatorial FRET-based bioprobes for cell population analysis of caspase cascades. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21160. [PMID: 36476686 PMCID: PMC9729311 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25286-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding cellular signaling flow is required to comprehend living organisms. Various live cell imaging tools have been developed but challenges remain due to complex cross-talk between pathways and response heterogeneities among cells. We have focused on multiplex live cell imaging for statistical analysis to address the difficulties and developed simple multiple fluorescence imaging system to quantify cell signaling at single-cell resolution using Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET)-based chimeric molecular sensors comprised of fluorescent proteins and dyes. The dye-fluorescent protein conjugate is robust for a wide selection of combinations, facilitating rearrangement for coordinating emission profile of molecular sensors to adjust for visualization conditions, target phenomena, and simultaneous use. As the molecular sensor could exhibit highly sensitive in detection for protease activity, we customized molecular sensor of caspase-9 and combine the established sensor for caspase-3 to validate the system by observation of caspase-9 and -3 dynamics simultaneously, key signaling flow of apoptosis. We found cumulative caspase-9 activity rather than reaction rate inversely regulated caspase-3 execution times for apoptotic cell death. Imaging-derived statistics were thus applied to discern the dominating aspects of apoptotic signaling unavailable by common live cell imaging and proteomics protein analysis. Adopted to various visualization targets, the technique can discriminate between rivalling explanations and should help unravel other protease involved signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miho Suzuki
- grid.263023.60000 0001 0703 3735Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Saitama, 338-8570 Japan
| | - Yutaka Shindo
- grid.26091.3c0000 0004 1936 9959Department of Bioscience and Informatics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Kanagawa, 223-0061 Japan
| | - Ryu Yamanaka
- grid.469470.80000 0004 0617 5071Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sanyo-Onoda City University, Yamaguchi, 756-0884 Japan
| | - Kotaro Oka
- grid.26091.3c0000 0004 1936 9959Department of Bioscience and Informatics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Kanagawa, 223-0061 Japan ,grid.412019.f0000 0000 9476 5696Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708 Taiwan ,grid.5290.e0000 0004 1936 9975Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8555 Japan
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Licochalcone B, a Natural Autophagic Agent for Alleviating Oxidative Stress-Induced Cell Death in Neuronal Cells and Caenorhabditis elegans Models. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15091052. [PMID: 36145273 PMCID: PMC9502728 DOI: 10.3390/ph15091052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy has been implicated in the regulation of neuroinflammation and neurodegenerative disorders. Licochalcone B (LCB), a chalcone from Glycyrrhiza inflata, has been reported to have anti-cancer, anti-oxidation and anti-β–amyloid fibrillation effects; however, its effect in autophagy remain un-investigated. In the current study, the potential neuro-protective role of LCB in terms of its anti-oxidative, anti-apoptotic, and autophagic properties upon oxidative stress-induced damage in neuronal cells was investigated. With the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) as a hallmark of neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was adopted to stimulate ROS-induced cell apoptosis in PC-12 cells. Our findings revealed that LCB reduced cell cytotoxicity and apoptosis of PC-12 cells upon H2O2-stimulation. Furthermore, LCB increased the level of the apoptosis-associated proteins caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-3 in H2O2-induced cells. LCB effectively attenuated the level of oxidative stress markers such as MDA, SOD, and ROS in H2O2-induced cells. Most importantly, LCB was confirmed to possess its anti-apoptotic effects in H2O2-induced cells through the induction of ATG7-dependent autophagy and the SIRT1/AMPK signaling pathway. As a novel autophagic inducer, LCB increased the level of autophagy-related proteins LC3–II and decreased p62 in both neuronal cells and Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) models. These results suggested that LCB has potential neuroprotective effects on oxidative damage models via multiple protective pharmacological mechanisms.
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Dou J, Zhang Z, Xu X, Zhang X. Exploring the effects of Chinese herbal ingredients on the signaling pathway of alopecia and the screening of effective Chinese herbal compounds. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 294:115320. [PMID: 35483562 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE alopecia is a hair disorder that can add a significant medical and psychological burden to patients. Currently, the FDA-approved drugs for the treatment of androgenetic alopecia (AGA) are minoxidil and finasteride and immunosuppressives are therapeutic options for alopecia areata (AA), but the objective adverse effects and high cost of these treatments reduce patient compliance and thus the effectiveness of the drugs. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has good efficacy, a high safety profile and low treatment costs, but its mechanism of action is still not fully understood. The use of signaling pathways to modulate hair loss is a major direction in the study of the pathogenesis and pharmacology of alopecia. AIM OF THE STUDY This review aims to collect the results of experimental studies related to alopecia, to screen previously documented combinations of herbs claimed to be effective based on the herbs and their constituent compounds used in the identified studies, and to uncover other useful information that we hope will better guide the clinical application and scientific research of drug combinations or individual herbs for the treatment of alopecia. MATERIALS AND METHODS We have reviewed experimental studies to determine the methods used and the mechanisms of action of the herbs and constituent compounds. The following keywords were searched in databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, CNKI and CSTJ." Medicinal plants" "Chinese herbal medicine", "hair loss", " alopecia", "androgenetic alopecia" and " alopecia areata ". We also collected combinations of drugs from books approved by various schools for screening. RESULTS Using known combinations of compounds within herbal medicine to match the documented combinations, 34 topical combinations and 74 oral combinations were identified, and among the 108 herbal combinations screened Angelica, Rehmannia glutinosaLigusticum chuanxiong hort, Radix Rehmanniae, etc. The number of occurrences was very high, and the association with vascular drugs was also found to be very close. CONCLUSIONS This review further elucidates the therapeutic mechanisms of the compounds within the herbal components associated with alopecia and screens for other combinations that may be dominated by this component for the treatment of alopecia, uncovering compounds from other drugs that may be key factors in the treatment of alopecia. This improvement will provide a better quality of evidence for the effectiveness of herbs and compounds used to treat alopecia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjin Dou
- The First Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, China
| | - Zhiming Zhang
- The First Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, China
| | - Xianrong Xu
- The First Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, China
| | - Xiwu Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, China.
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11
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Wang W, Chen J, Yu X, Lan HY. Signaling mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid protein in viral infection, cell death and inflammation. Int J Biol Sci 2022; 18:4704-4713. [PMID: 35874957 PMCID: PMC9305276 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.72663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 which is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has posed a worldwide pandemic and a major global public health threat. SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid (N) protein plays a critical role in multiple steps of the viral life cycle and participates in viral replication, transcription, and assembly. The primary roles of N protein are to assemble with genomic RNA into the viral RNA-protein (vRNP) complex and to localize to the replication transcription complexes (RTCs) to enhance viral replication and transcription. N protein can also undergo liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) with viral genome RNA and inhibit stress granules to facilitate viral replication and assembly. Besides the function in viral life cycle, N protein can bind GSDMD to antagonize pyroptosis but promotes cell death via the Smad3-dependent G1 cell cycle arrest mechanism. In innate immune system, N protein inhibits IFN-β production and RNAi pathway for virus survival. However, it can induce expression of proinflammatory cytokines by activating NF-κB signaling and NLRP3 inflammasome, resulting in cytokine storms. In this review article, we are focusing on the signaling mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 N protein in viral replication, cell death and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbiao Wang
- Medical Research Center and Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Immunity and Genetics of Chronic Kidney Disease, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junzhe Chen
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Departments of Medicine & Therapeutics, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, and Lui Che Woo Institute of Innovative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xueqing Yu
- Medical Research Center and Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Immunity and Genetics of Chronic Kidney Disease, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui-Yao Lan
- Departments of Medicine & Therapeutics, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, and Lui Che Woo Institute of Innovative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,The Chinese University of Hong Kong-Guangdong Academy of Sciences/Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital Joint Research Laboratory on Immunological and Genetic Kidney Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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The Inhibitory Effect of Corni Fructus against Oxidative Stress-induced Cellular Damage in C2C12 Murine Myoblasts. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-021-0349-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Dipterocarpol in Oleoresin of Dipterocarpus alatus Attributed to Cytotoxicity and Apoptosis-Inducing Effect. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27103187. [PMID: 35630669 PMCID: PMC9145408 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27103187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Dipterocarpus alatus Roxb. ex G. Don is widely found in Southeast Asia. Its oleo-resin has reportedly been used in biodiesel production. Two different biodiesel production processes produce resinous byproducts, namely degumming (DG) and distillation (DT). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry identified sesquiterpenes and triterpenes in oleo-resin, DG, and DT; and long-chain hydrocarbons in oleo-resin. High-performance liquid chromatography detected dipterocarpol as a marker compound, with the highest to lowest amounts detected in DG, DT, and oleo-resin, respectively. Oleo-resin, DG, and DT exerted more cytotoxicity than dipterocarpol, and melphalan, a chemotherapeutic drug. Oleo-resin, DG, and DT exerted cytotoxicity to a different degree in T cell leukemia (Jurkat), cervical adenocarcinoma (HeLa), and human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells, while the highest selectivity was found in the Jurkat cells compared to the non-cancer Vero cells. Dipterocarpol exhibited the highest cytotoxicity in HepG2 cells and the lowest cytotoxicity in Jurkat cells. Oleo-resin, DG, and DT induced apoptosis in Jurkat cells. In oleo-resin, DG, and DT, dipterocarpol and other compounds may act in synergy leading to cytotoxicity and an apoptosis-inducing effect. Oleo-resin, DG, and DT could be potential sources for anticancer agents. Dipterocarpol could serve as a biomarker for follow ups on the anticancer activity of a sample from D. alatus.
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Doi H, Matsui T, Dijkstra JM, Ogasawara A, Higashimoto Y, Imamura S, Ohye T, Takematsu H, Katsuda I, Akiyama H. Andrographolide, isolated from Andrographis paniculata, induces apoptosis in monocytic leukemia and multiple myeloma cells via augmentation of reactive oxygen species production. F1000Res 2022; 10:542. [PMID: 35528957 PMCID: PMC9069414 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.53595.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Andrographolide (Andro) is a diterpenoid component of the plant
Andrographis paniculata that is known for its anti-tumor activity against a variety of cancer cells. Methods: We studied the effects of Andro on the viability of the human leukemia monocytic cell line THP-1 and the human multiple myeloma cell line H929. Andro was compared with cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C) and vincristine (VCR), which are well-established therapeutics against hematopoietic tumors. The importance of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production for the toxicity of each agent was investigated by using an inhibitor of ROS production, N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC). Results: Andro reduced the viability of THP-1 and H929 in a concentration-dependent manner. H929 viability was highly susceptible to Andro, although only slightly susceptible to Ara-C. The agents Andro, Ara-C, and VCR each induced apoptosis, as shown by cellular shrinkage, DNA fragmentation, and increases in annexin V-binding, caspase-3/7 activity, ROS production, and mitochondrial membrane depolarization. Whereas Ara-C and VCR increased the percentages of cells in the G0/G1 and G2/M phases, respectively, Andro showed little or no detectable effect on cell cycle progression. The apoptotic activities of Andro were largely suppressed by NAC, an inhibitor of ROS production, whereas NAC hardly affected the apoptotic activities of Ara-C and VCR. Conclusions: Andro induces ROS-dependent apoptosis in monocytic leukemia THP-1 and multiple myeloma H929 cells, underlining its potential as a therapeutic agent for treating hematopoietic tumors. The high toxicity for H929 cells, by a mechanism that is different from that of Ara-C and VCR, is encouraging for further studies on the use of Andro against multiple myeloma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Doi
- Field of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Fujita Health University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Toyoake, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Taei Matsui
- Field of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Fujita Health University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Toyoake, 470-1192, Japan
- Faculty of Medical Technology, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Johannes M. Dijkstra
- Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Atsushi Ogasawara
- Field of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Fujita Health University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Toyoake, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Yuki Higashimoto
- Faculty of Medical Technology, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Seiji Imamura
- Faculty of Medical Technology, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Tamae Ohye
- Faculty of Medical Technology, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Hiromu Takematsu
- Field of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Fujita Health University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Toyoake, 470-1192, Japan
- Faculty of Medical Technology, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Itsuro Katsuda
- Department of Hematology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Hidehiko Akiyama
- Field of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Fujita Health University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Toyoake, 470-1192, Japan
- Faculty of Medical Technology, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, 470-1192, Japan
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Tang X, Ma X, Cao J, Sheng X, Xing J, Chi H, Zhan W. The Influence of Temperature on the Antiviral Response of mIgM+ B Lymphocytes Against Hirame Novirhabdovirus in Flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). Front Immunol 2022; 13:802638. [PMID: 35197977 PMCID: PMC8858815 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.802638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hirame novirhabdovirus (HIRRV) is an ongoing threat to the aquaculture industry. The water temperature for the onset of HIRRV is below 15°C, the peak is about 10°C, but no mortality is observed over 20°C. Previous studies found the positive signal of matrix protein of HIRRV (HIRRV-M) was detected in the peripheral blood leukocytes of viral-infected flounder. Flow cytometry and indirect immunofluorescence assay showed that HIRRV-M was detected in mIgM+ B lymphocytes in viral-infected flounder maintained at 10°C and 20°C, and 22% mIgM+ B lymphocytes are infected at 10°C while 13% are infected at 20°C, indicating that HIRRV could invade into mIgM+ B lymphocytes. Absolute quantitative RT-PCR showed that the viral copies in mIgM+ B lymphocytes were significantly increased at 24 h post infection (hpi) both at 10°C and 20°C, but the viral copies in 10°C infection group were significantly higher than that in 20°C infection group at 72 hpi and 96 hpi. Furthermore, the B lymphocytes were sorted from HIRRV-infected flounder maintained at 10°C and 20°C for RNA-seq. The results showed that the differentially expression genes in mIgM+ B lymphocyte of healthy flounder at 10°C and 20°C were mainly enriched in metabolic pathways. Lipid metabolism and Amino acid metabolism were enhanced at 10°C, while Glucose metabolism was enhanced at 20°C. In contrast, HIRRV infection at 10°C induced the up-regulation of the Complement and coagulation cascades, FcγR-mediated phagocytosis, Platelets activation, Leukocyte transendothelial migration and Natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity pathways at 72 hpi. HIRRV infection at 20°C induced the up-regulation of the Antigen processing and presentation pathway at 72 hpi. Subsequently, the temporal expression patterns of 16 genes involved in Antigen processing and presentation pathway were investigated by qRT-PCR, and results showed that the pathway was significantly activated by HIRRV infection at 20°C but inhibited at 10°C. In conclusion, HIRRV could invade into mIgM+ B lymphocytes and elicit differential immune response under 10°C and 20°C, which provide a deep insight into the antiviral response in mIgM+ B lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Tang
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education (KLMME), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Xinbiao Ma
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education (KLMME), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Jing Cao
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education (KLMME), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiuzhen Sheng
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education (KLMME), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Jing Xing
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education (KLMME), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Heng Chi
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education (KLMME), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Wenbin Zhan
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education (KLMME), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
- *Correspondence: Wenbin Zhan,
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Nelson VK, Pullaiah CP, Saleem Ts M, Roychoudhury S, Chinnappan S, Vishnusai B, Ram Mani R, Birudala G, Bottu KS. Natural Products as the Modulators of Oxidative Stress: An Herbal Approach in the Management of Prostate Cancer. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1391:161-179. [PMID: 36472822 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-12966-7_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed and frequently occurred cancer in the males globally. The current treatment strategies available to treat prostate cancer are not much effective and express various adverse effects. Hence, there is an urgent need to identify novel treatment that can improve patient outcome. From times immemorial, natural products are highly recognized for novel drug development for various diseases including cancer. Cancer cells generally maintain higher basal levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) when compared to normal cells due to its high metabolic rate. However, initiation of excess intracellular ROS production can not be tolerated by the cancer cells and induce several cell death signals which are in contrast to normal cells. Therefore, small molecules of natural origin that induce ROS can potentially kill cancer cells in specific and provide a better opportunity to develop a novel drug therapy. In this review, we elaborated various classes of medicinal compounds and their mechanism of killing prostate cancer cells through direct or indirect ROS generation. This can generate a novel thought to develop promising drug candidate to treat prostate cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinod K Nelson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Raghavendra Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (Autonomous), Anantapuramu, Andhra Pradesh, India.
| | - Chitikela P Pullaiah
- Department of Pharmacology, Siddha Central Research Institute, Central Council for Research in Siddha, Ministry of AYUSH, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mohammed Saleem Ts
- College of Pharmacy, Riyadh ELM University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Riyadh
| | | | - Sasikala Chinnappan
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Beere Vishnusai
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hajipur, Bihar, India
| | - Ravishankar Ram Mani
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Geetha Birudala
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Dr. M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, India
| | - Kavya Sree Bottu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hajipur, Bihar, India
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Ma A, Jiang K, Chen B, Chen S, Qi X, Lu H, Liu J, Zhou X, Gao T, Li J, Zhao C. Evaluation of the anticarcinogenic potential of the endophyte, Streptomyces sp. LRE541 isolated from Lilium davidii var. unicolor (Hoog) Cotton. Microb Cell Fact 2021; 20:217. [PMID: 34863154 PMCID: PMC8643024 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-021-01706-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endophytic actinomycetes, as emerging sources of bioactive metabolites, have been paid great attention over the years. Recent reports demonstrated that endophytic streptomycetes could yield compounds with potent anticancer properties that may be developed as chemotherapeutic drugs. RESULTS Here, a total of 15 actinomycete-like isolates were obtained from the root tissues of Lilium davidii var. unicolor (Hoog) Cotton based on their morphological appearance, mycelia coloration and diffusible pigments. The preliminary screening of antagonistic capabilities of the 15 isolates showed that isolate LRE541 displayed antimicrobial activities against all of the seven tested pathogenic microorganisms. Further in vitro cytotoxicity test of the LRE541 extract revealed that this isolate possesses potent anticancer activities with IC50 values of 0.021, 0.2904, 1.484, 4.861, 6.986, 8.106, 10.87, 12.98, and 16.94 μg/mL against cancer cell lines RKO, 7901, HepG2, CAL-27, MCF-7, K562, Hela, SW1990, and A549, respectively. LRE541 was characterized and identified as belonging to the genus Streptomyces based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. It produced extensively branched red substrate and vivid pink aerial hyphae that changed into amaranth, with elliptic spores sessile to the aerial mycelia. To further explore the mechanism underlying the decrease of cancer cell viability following the LRE541 extract treatment, cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest assays were conducted in two cancer cell lines, RKO and 7901. The result demonstrated that LRE541 extract inhibited cell proliferation of RKO and 7901 by causing cell cycle arrest both at the S phase and inducing apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. The chemical profile of LRE541 extract performed by the UHPLC-MS/MS analysis revealed the presence of thirty-nine antitumor compounds in the extract. Further chemical investigation of the LRE541 extract led to the discovery of one prenylated indole diketopiperazine (DKP) alkaloid, elucidated as neoechinulin A, a known antitumor agent firstly detected in Streptomyces; two anthraquinones 4-deoxy-ε-pyrromycinone (1) and epsilon-pyrromycinone (2) both displaying anticancer activities against RKO, SW1990, A549, and HepG2 with IC50 values of 14.96 ± 2.6 - 20.42 ± 4.24 μg/mL for (1); 12.9 ± 2.13, 19.3 ± 4.32, 16.8 ± 0.75, and 18.6 ± 3.03 μg/mL for (2), respectively. CONCLUSION Our work evaluated the anticarcinogenic potential of the endophyte, Streptomyces sp. LRE541 and obtained one prenylated indole diketopiperazine alkaloid and two anthraquinones. Neoechinulin A, as a known antitumor agent, was identified for the first time in Streptomyces. Though previously found in Streptomyces, epsilon-pyrromycinone and 4-deoxy-ε-pyrromycinone were firstly shown to possess anticancer activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiai Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
- Yuzhong Mountain Ecosystem Field Observation and Research Station, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Kan Jiang
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Bin Chen
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Shasha Chen
- Department of Animal and Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xinge Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Huining Lu
- Life Science and Engineering College of Northwest University for Nationalities, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Junlin Liu
- Life Science and Engineering College of Northwest University for Nationalities, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xuan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
- Yuzhong Mountain Ecosystem Field Observation and Research Station, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Tan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
- Yuzhong Mountain Ecosystem Field Observation and Research Station, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Jinhui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Changming Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.
- Yuzhong Mountain Ecosystem Field Observation and Research Station, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.
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Zhang L, Dong R, Wang Y, Wang L, Zhou T, Jia D, Meng Z. The anti-breast cancer property of physcion via oxidative stress-mediated mitochondrial apoptosis and immune response. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2021; 59:303-310. [PMID: 33715588 PMCID: PMC7971271 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2021.1889002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Physcion (Phy) exerts several pharmacological effects including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antitumor properties. OBJECTIVE This study investigates the cytotoxicity and its underlying mechanisms of Phy on breast cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS Human breast cancer cell MCF-7 was treated with 5-400 µM Phy for 24 h, MCF-7-xenografted BALB/c nude mice and immunosuppressive mice model induced by cyclophosphamide were intraperitoneally injected with 0.1 mL/mouse normal saline (control group) and 30 mg/kg Phy every other day for 14 or 28 days, and pathological examination, ELISA and western blot were employed to investigate the Phy anti-breast cancer property in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS In MCF-7 cells, Phy 24 h treatment significantly reduced the cell viability at dose of 50-400 µM and 24 h, with an IC50 of 203.1 µM, and 200 µM Phy induced 56.9, 46.9, 36.9, and 46.9% increment on LDH and caspase-3, -8 and -9. In MCF-7-xenograft tumour nude mice and immunosuppressive mice, 30 mg/kg Phy treatment inhibited tumour growth from the 8th day, and reduced Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL >50%, HO-1 and SOD-1 > 70% in tumour tissues of immunosuppressive mice. In addition, Phy reduced nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 > 30% and its downstream proteins, and enhanced the phosphorylation of nuclear factor-kappa B > 110% and inhibitor of NF-кB α > 80% in the tumour tissues of BALB/c mice. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS This research demonstrated that Phy has an anti-breast cancer property via the modulation of oxidative stress-mediated mitochondrial apoptosis and immune response, which provides a scientific basis for further research on its clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luping Zhang
- The Gastroenterology & Endoscopy Center, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Ruitao Dong
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yu Wang
- The Gastroenterology & Endoscopy Center, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Longxiang Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Tian Zhou
- Department of Translational Medicine Research Institute, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Dongxu Jia
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Department of Translational Medicine Research Institute, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- CONTACT Dongxu Jia School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Zhaoli Meng
- Department of Translational Medicine Research Institute, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- Zhaoli Meng Department of Translational Medicine Research Institute, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun City, Jilin Province, P. R. China
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Tian Y, Pan L, Miao J, Lei F, Xu R, Zhang X. The mechanism of apoptosis of Chlamys farreri hemocytes under benzopyrene stress in vitro. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 794:148731. [PMID: 34217077 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Hemocytes are critical to the immune defense system of bivalves, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) can mediate the immunity of bivalves by affecting the apoptosis of hemocytes. However, the underlying mechanism is still unclear. Chlamys farreri, as an important economic bivalve, was selected as the research subject for this experimentation. The hemocytes were exposed to typical PAHs-benzopyrene (B[a]P) in vitro to explore the apoptosis mechanism through detecting oxidative stress and oxidative damage-related indicators, apoptosis pathway factors, and apoptosis rate within 24 h. The results showed that the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-diol-9,10-epoxide (BPDE) content in hemocytes increased significantly under B[a]P exposure, while antioxidant genes, glutathione peroxidase content and total antioxidant capacity all showed a trend of first rising and subsequent falling. B[a]P also caused serious damage to DNA and lysosomal membrane stability. The proapoptotic factors genes in the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway were significantly up-regulated, and the anti-apoptotic gene Bcl-2 was significantly down-regulated. Besides, mitochondrial membrane potential stability was significantly reduced and caspase 9 enzyme activity was significantly improved with the B[a]P stimulation. The factors of death receptor pathway were also significantly up-regulated by B[a]P. Moreover, the expression levels of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases were also induced. The gene expression and enzyme activity of the caspase 3 and the apoptosis rate were significantly increased under B[a]P exposure. In conclusion, these results indicated that ROS was induced by B[a]P, and further triggered the oxidative stress and oxidative damage in hemocytes. B[a]P induced hemocyte apoptosis was mediated by both mitochondrial apoptosis pathway and death receptor apoptosis, and the activation of mitochondrial apoptosis pathway was affected by ROS. In addition, BPDE and MAPKs may play important roles in the B[a]P-mediated apoptosis pathway. This study deepens understanding of the apoptosis pathway and the immunotoxicity mechanism in bivalves hemocytes stimulated by persistent organic pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimeng Tian
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Luqing Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China.
| | - Jingjing Miao
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Fengjun Lei
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Ruiyi Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Xin Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
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Guo X, Yang N, Ji W, Zhang H, Dong X, Zhou Z, Li L, Shen HM, Yao SQ, Huang W. Mito-Bomb: Targeting Mitochondria for Cancer Therapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2007778. [PMID: 34510563 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202007778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Cancer has been one of the most common life-threatening diseases for a long time. Traditional cancer therapies such as surgery, chemotherapy (CT), and radiotherapy (RT) have limited effects due to drug resistance, unsatisfactory treatment efficiency, and side effects. In recent years, photodynamic therapy (PDT), photothermal therapy (PTT), and chemodynamic therapy (CDT) have been utilized for cancer treatment owing to their high selectivity, minor resistance, and minimal toxicity. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that selective delivery of drugs to specific subcellular organelles can significantly enhance the efficiency of cancer therapy. Mitochondria-targeting therapeutic strategies are promising for cancer therapy, which is attributed to the essential role of mitochondria in the regulation of cancer cell apoptosis, metabolism, and more vulnerable to hyperthermia and oxidative damage. Herein, the rational design, functionalization, and applications of diverse mitochondria-targeting units, involving organic phosphine/sulfur salts, quaternary ammonium (QA) salts, peptides, transition-metal complexes, guanidinium or bisguanidinium, as well as mitochondria-targeting cancer therapies including PDT, PTT, CDT, and others are summarized. This review aims to furnish researchers with deep insights and hints in the design and applications of novel mitochondria-targeting agents for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolu Guo
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Naidi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Wenhui Ji
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Hang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Xiao Dong
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Zhiqiang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Lin Li
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Han-Ming Shen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Shao Q Yao
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211800, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, China
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Ren Y, Wang A, Fang Y, Shu T, Wu D, Wang C, Huang M, Min J, Jin L, Zhou W, Qiu Y, Zhou X. SARS-CoV-2 Membrane Glycoprotein M Triggers Apoptosis With the Assistance of Nucleocapsid Protein N in Cells. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:706252. [PMID: 34513728 PMCID: PMC8425412 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.706252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The pandemic of COVID-19 by SARS-CoV-2 has become a global disaster. However, we still don’t know how specific SARS-CoV-2-encoded proteins contribute to viral pathogenicity. We found that SARS-CoV-2-encoded membrane glycoprotein M could induce caspase-dependent apoptosis via interacting with PDK1 and inhibiting the activation of PDK1-PKB/Akt signaling. Our investigation further revealed that SARS-CoV-2-encoded nucleocapsid protein N could specifically enhance the M-induced apoptosis via interacting with both M and PDK1, therefore strengthening M-mediated attenuation of PDK1-PKB/Akt interaction. Furthermore, when the M-N interaction was disrupted via certain rationally designed peptides, the PDK1-PKB/Akt signaling was restored, and the boosting activity of N on the M-triggered apoptosis was abolished. Overall, our findings uncovered a novel mechanism by which SARS-CoV-2-encoded M triggers apoptosis with the assistance of N, which expands our understanding of the two key proteins of SARS-CoV-2 and sheds light on the pathogenicity of this life-threatening virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Ren
- Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Wuhan, China
| | - An Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Wuhan, China.,Joint Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Health, Wuhan Institute of Virology & Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, CAS, Wuhan, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Wuhan, China
| | - Ting Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Wuhan, China.,Joint Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Health, Wuhan Institute of Virology & Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, CAS, Wuhan, China
| | - Di Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Wuhan, China.,Joint Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Health, Wuhan Institute of Virology & Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, CAS, Wuhan, China
| | - Chong Wang
- Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Wuhan, China
| | - Muhan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Wuhan, China.,Joint Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Health, Wuhan Institute of Virology & Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, CAS, Wuhan, China
| | - Juan Min
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Wuhan, China
| | - Liang Jin
- Institute of Microbiology, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Wuhan, China.,Joint Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Health, Wuhan Institute of Virology & Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, CAS, Wuhan, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Wuhan, China.,Joint Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Health, Wuhan Institute of Virology & Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, CAS, Wuhan, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Institute of Microbiology, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang, China
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22
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Bakdemir M, Çetin E. Hepatoprotective effects of ethyl pyruvate against carbon tetrachloride-induced oxidative stress, biochemical and histological alterations in rats. Arch Physiol Biochem 2021; 127:359-366. [PMID: 31314597 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2019.1640254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the protective effects of ethyl pyruvate (EP) against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced acute hepatic injury in rats. The administration of a single dose of CCl4 (1.6 g/kg body weight) significantly elevated the levels of malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, and alkaline phosphatase, cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides. In addition, CCl4 was found to significantly suppress the activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase. All of these parameters were restored to their normal levels by the administration of EP before and after the CCl4 injection. Moreover, the number of positive apoptotic hepatocytes had significantly increased in the CCl4 group but decreased in rats treated with EP along with CCl4. Histopathological changes induced by CCl4 were also ameliorated by EP treatment. These findings provided evidence that EP, because of its antioxidant and anti-apoptotic action, could protect rat liver against CCl4-induced acute liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miraç Bakdemir
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, Institute of Health Sciences, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Ebru Çetin
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
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23
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Milane L, Dolare S, Jahan T, Amiji M. Mitochondrial nanomedicine: Subcellular organelle-specific delivery of molecular medicines. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2021; 37:102422. [PMID: 34175455 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2021.102422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
As mitochondria network together to act as the master sensors and effectors of apoptosis, ATP production, reactive oxygen species management, mitophagy/autophagy, and homeostasis; this organelle is an ideal target for pharmaceutical manipulation. Mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to many diseases, for example, β-amyloid has been shown to interfere with mitochondrial protein import and induce apoptosis in Alzheimer's Disease while some forms of Parkinson's Disease are associated with dysfunctional mitochondrial PINK1 and Parkin proteins. Mitochondrial medicine has applications in the treatment of an array of pathologies from cancer to cardiovascular disease. A challenge of mitochondrial medicine is directing therapies to a subcellular target. Nanotechnology based approaches combined with mitochondrial targeting strategies can greatly improve the clinical translation and effectiveness of mitochondrial medicine. This review discusses mitochondrial drug delivery approaches and applications of mitochondrial nanomedicines. Nanomedicine approaches have the potential to drive the success of mitochondrial therapies into the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Milane
- Northeastern University, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Boston, MA.
| | - Saket Dolare
- Northeastern University, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Boston, MA
| | - Tanjheela Jahan
- Northeastern University, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Boston, MA
| | - Mansoor Amiji
- Northeastern University, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Boston, MA
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24
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Wong YH, Zhang Y, Lun JCY, Qiu JW. A proteomic analysis of skeletal tissue anomaly in the brain coral Platygyra carnosa. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 164:111982. [PMID: 33517085 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.111982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Coral skeletal growth anomaly (GA) is a common coral disease. It has been considered as a pathological condition comparable to abnormal tissue growth in mammals, but little is known about the molecular changes underlying coral GA. To investigate the molecular pathology of GA, we compared the proteome between normal and GA-affected tissues of the brain coral Platygyra carnosa using iTRAQ-labeling and LC-MS/MS, which quantified 818 proteins and identified 117 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs). GO analyses revealed DEPs that might be related to GA included "translational elongation", "proteasome core complex", "amine metabolic processes" and "lysosome". Several proteins implicated in calcification and fluorescence were differentially expressed at both protein and mRNA level. Protein-protein interaction network suggested possible involvement of TNF receptor signaling in GA. Overall, our results provided novel insights into the molecular pathology of coral GA, which will pave the way for determination of the causative agent(s) of this coral disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Him Wong
- Institute for Advance Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-environmental Science, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Marine Algal Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China.
| | - Janice C Y Lun
- Agriculture, Fishery and Conservation Department, The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Jian-Wen Qiu
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China; Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China; HKBU Institute of Research and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China.
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25
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Li X, Yang R, Xu Y, Zhang Y. Circ_0001438 participates in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia via the circ_0001438/miR-942/NLRP3 regulatory network. Placenta 2020; 104:40-50. [PMID: 33253995 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2020.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Preeclampsia (PE) is a common pregnancy disorder with multisystem complications. The growing data suggest that circular RNAs (circRNAs) involve in the development of PE. This study proposed to investigate the function and potential mechanisms of circ_0001438 in PE. METHODS The expression of circ_0001438, miR-942 and NOD-like receptor pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) was measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The expression at the protein level of NLRP3, interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin 10 (IL-10), B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), Cleaved-caspase-3 (Cleaved-casp-3), N-cadherin and E-cadherin was detected by Western blot. Cell proliferation was assessed by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and colony formation assay. Cell apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry assay. Cell migration and invasion were monitored by transwell assay. The target genes were obtained and verified by the online bioinformatics tool and dual-luciferase reporter assay. RESULTS The expression of circ_0001438 and NLRP3 was enhanced in PE placenta tissues. Circ_0001438 knockdown promoted cell proliferation, migration and invasion but inhibited apoptosis and inflammatory responses in HTR-8/Svneo cells, and these effects were reversed by the inhibition of miR-942, a target of circ_0001438. Moreover, NLRP3 was bounded by miR-942. The enrichment of miR-942 accelerated cell proliferation, migration and invasion but depleted apoptosis and inflammatory responses, while these impacts were partly abolished by NLRP3 overexpression. DISCUSSION Circ_0001438 sponged miR-942 to regulate the expression of NLRP3, and circ_0001438 aggravated the dysfunctions of human villous trophoblasts by mediating the miR-942/NLRP3 axis at least in part.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Li
- Department of Obstetrics, Jinan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Shandong, China
| | - Rui Yang
- Department of Outpatient, Jinan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Shandong, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Department of Prenatal Diagnosis, Jinan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Shandong, China
| | - Yongshui Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Jinan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Shandong, China.
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26
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Sun Y, Cheng M, Dong L, Yang K, Ma Z, Yu S, Yan P, Bai K, Zhu X, Zhang Q. Agaricus blazei extract (FA-2-b-β) induces apoptosis in chronic myeloid leukemia cells. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:270. [PMID: 32989404 PMCID: PMC7517625 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.12133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Agaricus blazei Murill (AbM) is a mushroom belonging to the Basidiomycetes family, which is believed to have antitumor and antioxidative activities. Proteoglycans and ergosterol are considered the key compounds of AbM for antitumor properties and so are used in complementary and alternative medicine as an anticancer drug. AbM is used to avoid serious side effects that would inevitably affect patients. Currently, the efficacy of AbM against chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) has not been established. The present study aimed to investigate the antitumor activities of the acidic RNA protein complex, FA-2-b-β, extracted from wild edible AbM. The CML K562 cells or primary CML bone marrow (BM) cells were treated with FA-2-b-β at different concentrations and time points. CML cell line proliferation and apoptosis were determined using the CCK-8 assay or Annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) labeling, RT-qPCR and western blotting was performed to determine the involvement of the Wnt/β-catenin-associated apoptotic pathway. The results of the present study demonstrated that FA-2-b-β has a high anti-proliferative potency and strong pro-apoptotic effects. Thus, daily intake of mushrooms containing FA-2-b-β may be an adequate source as an alternative medicine in the management of CML, and may provide useful information for the development of a novel therapeutic target in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqing Sun
- Department of Hematology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Mingxia Cheng
- Department of Hematology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Li Dong
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Kehu Yang
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China.,Institute of Clinical Research and Evidence Based Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Zhiyuan Ma
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Shangrui Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Peijing Yan
- Institute of Clinical Research and Evidence Based Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Kuntian Bai
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolong Zhu
- Department of Hematology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Qike Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
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27
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Kim TW, Hong DW, Park JW, Hong SH. CB11, a novel purine-based PPARɣ ligand, overcomes radio-resistance by regulating ATM signalling and EMT in human non-small-cell lung cancer cells. Br J Cancer 2020; 123:1737-1748. [PMID: 32958825 PMCID: PMC7723055 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-020-01088-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) agonists frequently induce cell death in human non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. However, majority of NSCLC patients acquire resistance after cancer therapy, and it is still unclear. Methods In this study we investigated the apoptotic mechanism and the anti-cancer effects of a novel purine-based PPARγ agonist, CB11 (8-(2-aminophenyl)-3-butyl-1,6,7-trimethyl-1H-imidazo[2,1-f]purine-2,4(3H,8H)-dione), on human NSCLC cells. CB11 mediates PPARγ-dependent cell death, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) collapse, cell cycle arrest, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) cytotoxicity, and caspase-3 activity in human NSCLC cells. Results CB11 causes cell death via ROS-mediated ATM-p53-GADD45α signalling in human NSCLC cells, and diphenyleneiodonium (DPI), an NADPH oxidase inhibitor, decreases cell death by inhibiting CB11-mediated ATM signalling. In a xenograft experiment, CB11 dramatically reduced tumour volume when compared to a control group. Furthermore, CB11 induced cell death by inhibiting epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) under radiation exposure in radiation-resistant human NSCLC cells. However, PPARγ deficiency inhibited cell death by blocking the ATM-p53 axis in radiation/CB11-induced radiation-resistant human NSCLC cells. Conclusions Taken together, our results suggest that CB11, a novel PPARγ agonist, may be a novel anti-cancer agent, and it could be useful in a therapeutic strategy to overcome radio-resistance in radiation-exposed NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Woo Kim
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, 139-706, Republic of Korea
| | - Da-Won Hong
- Laboratory of RNA Cell Biology, Graduate Department of Bioconvergence Science and Technology, Dankook University, Jukjeon-ro 152, Suji-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16892, Republic of Korea
| | - Joung Whan Park
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, 139-706, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Hee Hong
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, 139-706, Republic of Korea.
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28
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Co-operation of ABT-199 and gemcitabine in impeding DNA damage repair and inducing cell apoptosis for synergistic therapy of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Anticancer Drugs 2020; 30:138-148. [PMID: 30320607 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000000702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is a high-risk subtype of acute lymphoblastic leukemia with limited therapeutic options available. Here, we evaluated the therapeutic potential of the combination of the Bcl-2 antagonist ABT-199 and cytotoxic agent gemcitabine in T-ALL cell lines. Our results showed that the combination of ABT-199 and gemcitabine exhibited synergistic cytotoxicity and induced significant apoptosis in human T-ALL cell lines (Jurkat and Molt4). The augmented apoptosis induced by combination treatment was accompanied by the greater extent of mitochondrial depolarization and enhanced DNA damage. Importantly, single agent induced DNA damage alone but did not inhibit RAD51/BRCA1-mediated repair for DNA double-strand breaks. In contrast, the combination of ABT-199 and gemcitabine disrupted RAD51/BRCA1-dependent DNA repair and remarkably activated caspase-3 and PARP to trigger apoptosis. Moreover, ABT-199 exerted an antagonistic action towards Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL, but to a certain extent moderately increased Mcl-1 level that could be compromised by gemcitabine. In conclusion, our study showed that the combination of ABT-199 and gemcitabine exhibited synergistic cytotoxicity in T-ALL cells by cooperatively targeting DNA damage repair pathway and Bcl-2 family proteins.
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29
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Yang X, Chen L, Li Y, Gao F, Yan Z, Zhang P, Wu J, Wang H, Sun B. Protective effect of Hydroxysafflor Yellow A on cerebral ischemia reperfusion-injury by regulating GSK3β-mediated pathways. Neurosci Lett 2020; 736:135258. [PMID: 32693014 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2020.135258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is accompanied by high mortality and morbidity. Unfortunately, there are few effective therapeutic medicines and strategies to enhance its outcome. Hydroxysafflor Yellow A (HSYA) exerts multiple biological activities and has potential protective effects against I/R injury in the brain, liver and heart. However, its underlying mechanism is still unclear. Here, we investigated whether HSYA modulates apoptosis and neuro-inflammation through the Glycogen synthase kinase-3β(GSK3β)-mediated pathway in a transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rat model and oxygen/glucose deprivation (OGD)-challenged primary neuronal cultures both in vivo and in vitro. Male Wistar rats were subjected to MCAO for 2 h, followed by 24 h of reperfusion. HSYA was administered 15 min after occlusion, SB216763 (GSK3β inhibitor) was injected to the left ventricle of the rat 6 h prior to MCAO. After 24 h of perfusion, apoptosis-associated protein and inflammatory markers were detected by western blotting. Meanwhile, terminal-deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated nick end labeling(TUNEL) assay was used to evaluate the number of apoptotic cells in OGD-challenged neurons, cleaved caspase-3 were evaluated by Immunofluorescence (IF). Our data indicated that HSYA administration reduced infarct volume, decreased neurological deficit scores, elevated GSK3β phosphorylation and inhibited the activation of iNOS, NF-κB, and capase-3 in the penumbra of I/R rats. Moreover, blockade of GSK3β partly reversed the protective effect of HSYA on I/R by regulating NF-κB and caspase-3 both in vivo and in vitro. Collectively, we found that HSYA ameliorates I/R injury through its anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects via modulation of GSK-3β phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, PR China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44(#) Wenhuaxi Road, Shandong, 250012, PR China
| | - Yun Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dezhou People's Hospital, 1751(#), Xinhu Road, Dezhou, Shandong, 253000, PR China
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, PR China
| | - Zhibo Yan
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, PR China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, PR China
| | - Jianbo Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, PR China
| | - Huanliang Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, PR China
| | - Baozhu Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, PR China.
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30
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Li WR, Guan XL, Jiang S, Sun L. The novel fish miRNA pol-miR-novel_171 and its target gene FAM49B play a critical role in apoptosis and bacterial infection. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 106:103616. [PMID: 31958496 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2020.103616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a type of small, non-coding RNAs that participate in many cellular and biological processes by regulating mRNA stability. In a previous study, we identified 96 Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) miRNAs responsive to the infection of Edwardsiella tarda, a bacterial pathogen to fish as well as humans. In the current study, we examined the regulation and function of one novel miRNA, i.e., pol-miR-novel_171, from the above 96 miRNA pool. We found that pol-miR-novel_171 expression was regulated by E. tarda and megalocytivirus in a pathogen-specific manner, and that pol-miR-novel_171 targeted the gene of FAM49B (family with sequence similarity 49 member B) of flounder (named PoFAM49B) by negative interaction with the 3'-UTR of PoFAM49B. To date, the function fish FAM49B is unknown. We found that PoFAM49B expressed in multiple tissues of flounder, and recombinant PoFAM49B interacted with and inhibited the growth of Gram-negative bacterial pathogens. Interference with PoFAM49B expression in flounder cells promoted E. tarda infection. Similar effects on E. tarda infection were observed with pol-miR-novel_171 overexpression. Consistently, in vivo knockdown of PoFAM49B in flounder enhanced E. tarda dissemination in fish tissues. Furthermore, interference with PoFAM49B expression, or overexpression of pol-miR-novel_171, promoted apoptosis of flounder cells, while in vitro and in vivo knockdown of PoFAM49B augmented the expressions of key apoptosis-associated genes. These results revealed for the first time the immune function of fish FAM49B and the regulatory mechanism of a novel fish miRNA by demonstrating that pol-miR-novel_171, via PoFAM49B, played a critical role in apoptosis and anti-bacterial immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Rui Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Lu Guan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, China
| | - Shuai Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, China
| | - Li Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, China.
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31
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Habib MR, Ghoname SI, Ali RE, El-Karim RMG, Youssef AA, Croll RP, Miller MW. Biochemical and apoptotic changes in the nervous and ovotestis tissues of Biomphalaria alexandrina following infection with Schistosoma mansoni. Exp Parasitol 2020; 213:107887. [PMID: 32224062 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2020.107887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Revised: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Infection with trematodes produces physiological and behavioural changes in intermediate snail hosts. One response to infection is parasitic castration, in which energy required for reproduction of the host is thought to be redirected to promote development and multiplication of the parasite. This study investigated some reproductive and biochemical parameters in the nervous (CNS) and ovotestis (OT) tissues of Biomphalaria alexandrina during the course of Schistosoma mansoni infection. Antioxidant and oxidative stress parameters including catalase (CAT), nitric oxide (NO) and lipid peroxidation (MDA) were measured. Levels of steroid hormones, including testosterone, progesterone and estradiol, were also assessed. Finally, flow cytometry was used to compare measures of apoptosis between control snails and those shedding cercariae by examining mitochondrial membrane potential with the stain 5,5',6,6'-tetrachloro-1,1',3,3'-tetraethylbenzimi-dazolylcarbocyanine iodide (JC-1) and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). Infection with S. mansoni caused a 47.7% reduction in the net reproductive rate (Ro) of B. alexandrina. CAT activity was increased in the CNS at 21 days post infection (dpi) but by 28 dpi it was reduced below control values. Also, CAT activity increased significantly in the OT at 14, 21 and 28 dpi. In CNS tissues, NO levels were reduced at 7 dpi, increased at 14 and 21 dpi, and reduced again at 28 dpi. The overall level of lipid peroxidation gradually increased during the course of infection to reach its highest levels at 28 dpi. Steroid hormone measurements showed that concentrations of testosterone and estradiol were reduced in the CNS tissues at 28 dpi, while those of progesterone were slightly increased in the CNS and OT tissues. The percentage of cells that positively stained with JC-1was significantly increased in CNS and OT tissues of infected snails while the percentage of cells positively stained with PARP was decreased compared to controls. Together, these findings indicate that infection initiates diverse biochemical and hormonal changes leading to loss of cells responsible for egg laying and reproduction in B. alexandrina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed R Habib
- Medical Malacology Laboratory, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza 12411, Egypt.
| | - Samah I Ghoname
- Medical Malacology Laboratory, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza 12411, Egypt
| | - Rasha E Ali
- Medical Malacology Laboratory, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza 12411, Egypt
| | - Rasha M Gad El-Karim
- Medical Malacology Laboratory, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza 12411, Egypt
| | - Alaa A Youssef
- Medical Malacology Laboratory, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza 12411, Egypt
| | - Roger P Croll
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Mark W Miller
- Institute of Neurobiology, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico; Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Science Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico
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Olszewska P, Cal D, Zagórski P, Mikiciuk-Olasik E. A novel trifluoromethyl 2-phosphonopyrrole analogue inhibits human cancer cell migration and growth by cell cycle arrest at G1 phase and apoptosis. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 871:172943. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.172943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Hwangbo H, Choi EO, Kim MY, Kwon DH, Ji SY, Lee H, Hong SH, Kim GY, Hwang HJ, Hong SH, Choi YH. Suppression of tumor growth and metastasis by ethanol extract of Angelica dahurica Radix in murine melanoma B16F10 cells. Biosci Trends 2020; 14:23-34. [PMID: 32092745 DOI: 10.5582/bst.2019.01230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The roots of Angelica dahurica have long been used as a traditional medicine in Korea to treat various diseases such as toothache and cold. In this study, we investigated the effect of ethanol extract from the roots of this plant on metastatic melanoma, a highly aggressive skin cancer, in B16F10 melanoma cells and B16F10 cell inoculated-C57BL/6 mice. Our results showed that the ethanol extracts of Angelicae dahuricae Radix (EEAD) suppressed cell growth and induced apoptotic cell death in B16F10 cells. EEAD also activated the mitochondria-mediated intrinsic apoptosis pathway, with decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, and increased production of intracellular reactive oxygen species and ration of Bax/Bcl-2 expression. Furthermore, EEAD reduced the migration, invasion, and colony formation of B16F10 cells through the reduced expression and activity of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and -9. In addition, in vivo results demonstrated that oral administration of EEAD inhibited lactate dehydrogenase activity, hepatotoxicity, and nephrotoxicity without weight loss in B16F10 cell inoculated-mice. Importantly, EEAD was able to markedly suppress lung hypertrophy, the incidence of B16F10 cells lung metastasis, and the expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in lung tissue. Taken together, our findings suggest that EEAD may be useful for managing metastasis and growth of malignant cancers, including melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Hwangbo
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University, Busan, Korea.,Department of Biochemistry, Dong-eui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Eun Ok Choi
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University, Busan, Korea.,Department of Biochemistry, Dong-eui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Min Yeong Kim
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University, Busan, Korea.,Department of Biochemistry, Dong-eui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Da Hye Kwon
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University, Busan, Korea.,Department of Biochemistry, Dong-eui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Seon Yeong Ji
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University, Busan, Korea.,Department of Biochemistry, Dong-eui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Hyesook Lee
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University, Busan, Korea.,Department of Biochemistry, Dong-eui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Sang Hoon Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-eui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Gi-Young Kim
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea
| | - Hye Jin Hwang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Dong-eui University, Busan, Korea
| | - Su Hyun Hong
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University, Busan, Korea.,Department of Biochemistry, Dong-eui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Yung Hyun Choi
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University, Busan, Korea.,Department of Biochemistry, Dong-eui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan, Korea
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Ozmen O, Topsakal S. Preventive effect of agomelatine in lipopolysaccharide-induced pancreatic pathology. Drug Chem Toxicol 2020; 45:180-184. [PMID: 31937144 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2019.1675686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine pancreatic lesions and the possible prophylactic effects of agomelatine (AGO) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced sepsis in rats. Twenty-four female, 1-year-old Wistar albino rats were divided into three groups: group I (control), group II (study group; 5 mg/kg LPS i.p., single dose), and group III (treatment group; LPS + AGO, single dose p.o., 20 mg/kg AGO + 5 mg/kg LPS, 30 minutes after AGO treatment). The rats were sacrificed six hours after LPS administration. At the necropsy, blood and pancreatic tissue samples were collected for biochemical, pathological, and immunohistochemical analyses. The results showed that LPS caused an increase in serum amylase and lipase levels and a decrease in glucose levels. Histopathological analysis revealed infiltration of numerous neutrophils in pancreatic interstitial tissue and in vessels. In addition, slight vacuoles indicating degenerative changes were observed in endocrine and exocrine pancreatic tissues. Increased caspase-8, haptoglobin (Hp), IL-4, and IL-10 and decreased SIRT-1 expression was observed in both endocrine and exocrine parts of the pancreas in the LPS group. AGO ameliorated the biochemical, histopathological, and immunohistochemical findings. The present study results revealed that LPS-induced pancreatic damage to both endocrine and exocrine cells. In contrast, AGO had ameliorative effects on both biochemical and pathological findings in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozlem Ozmen
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey
| | - Senay Topsakal
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey
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Jo G, Kwon MJ, Kim JN, Kim BJ. Radix Sophorae Flavescentis induces apoptosis through by Caspase, MAPK Activation and ROS Signaling Pathways in 5637 Human Bladder Cancer Cells. Int J Med Sci 2020; 17:1474-1481. [PMID: 32669949 PMCID: PMC7359395 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.45831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The anti-cancer mechanisms of Radix Sophorae Flavescentis were investigated in 5637 bladder cancer cells. Radix Sophorae Flavescentis extract (RSF) (50‑400 µg/ml) inhibited the proliferation of 5637 cells and increased sub‑G1 phase ratios. RSF‑induced cell death was associated with the down-regulation of B‑cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl‑2) and the up-regulation of Bcl‑2 X‑associated protein (Bax). RSF also activated caspase‑3 and -9 and regulated the activations of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). In addition, RSF increased intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and depolarized the mitochondrial membrane potential. These findings suggest RSF induces apoptosis in 5637 bladder cancer cells and that it has potential use as a novel anti-cancer drug for bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoncheol Jo
- Division of Longevity and Biofunctional Medicine, Pusan National University School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Ji Kwon
- Division of Longevity and Biofunctional Medicine, Pusan National University School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Nam Kim
- Division of Longevity and Biofunctional Medicine, Pusan National University School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Joo Kim
- Division of Longevity and Biofunctional Medicine, Pusan National University School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
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Agbana YL, Ni Y, Zhou M, Zhang Q, Kassegne K, Karou SD, Kuang Y, Zhu Y. Garlic-derived bioactive compound S-allylcysteine inhibits cancer progression through diverse molecular mechanisms. Nutr Res 2020; 73:1-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2019.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Li Y, Ke Y, Zou H, Wang K, Huang S, Rengarajan T, Wang L. Gold nano particles synthesized from Strychni semen and its anticancer activity in cholangiocarcinoma cell (KMCH-1). ARTIFICIAL CELLS, NANOMEDICINE, AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 47:1610-1616. [PMID: 31072209 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2019.1594860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology has been materialized as a proficient technology for the development of anticancer nanoparticles all the way through an environment-friendly approach. Conventionally, nanoparticles have been assembled by dissimilar methods, but regrettably rely on the negative impact on the natural environment. Amalgamation of nanoparticles by means of plant extract is alternate conservative methods. In the present study, we equipped gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) from Strychni semen; displayed as a less toxic and environment-friendly. Integration of AuNPs was famed by UV-absorbance which displays peak values. Moreover, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) substantiate the shape of the AuNPs in the combined materials. FTIR results exhibit the active molecules positioned in the flat surface of the AuNPs. Similarly, the anticancer effectiveness of AuNPs is considered in KMCH-1 cells. Also, AuNPs successfully aggravate cytotoxicity and apoptosis by conjugating apoptotic gene expressions in KMCH-1 cells. Eventually, our results confirm the synthesis of AuNPs from Strychni Semen shows anticancer effects with environment-friendly manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuehua Li
- a The Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery , The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University , Kunming , Yunnan , China
| | - Yang Ke
- a The Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery , The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University , Kunming , Yunnan , China
| | - Hao Zou
- a The Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery , The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University , Kunming , Yunnan , China
| | - Kun Wang
- a The Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery , The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University , Kunming , Yunnan , China
| | - Songquan Huang
- a The Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery , The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University , Kunming , Yunnan , China
| | - Thamaraiselvan Rengarajan
- b Scigen Research and Innovation Pvt. Ltd. , Periyar Technology Business Incubator , Periyar Nagar , Thanjavur , India
| | - Lin Wang
- a The Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery , The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University , Kunming , Yunnan , China
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Park C, Cha HJ, Choi EO, Lee H, Hwang-Bo H, Ji SY, Kim MY, Kim SY, Hong SH, Cheong J, Kim GY, Yun SJ, Hwang HJ, Kim WJ, Choi YH. Isorhamnetin Induces Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis Via Reactive Oxygen Species-Mediated AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Signaling Pathway Activation in Human Bladder Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11101494. [PMID: 31590241 PMCID: PMC6826535 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11101494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Isorhamnetin is an O-methylated flavonol that is predominantly found in the fruits and leaves of various plants, which have been used for traditional herbal remedies. Although several previous studies have reported that this flavonol has diverse health-promoting effects, evidence is still lacking for the underlying molecular mechanism of its anti-cancer efficacy. In this study, we examined the anti-proliferative effect of isorhamnetin on human bladder cancer cells and found that isorhamnetin triggered the gap 2/ mitosis (G2/M) phase cell arrest and apoptosis. Our data showed that isorhamnetin decreased the expression of Wee1 and cyclin B1, but increased the expression of cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) inhibitor p21WAF1/CIP1, and increased p21 was bound to Cdk1. In addition, isorhamnetin-induced apoptosis was associated with the increased expression of the Fas/Fas ligand, reduced ratio of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2)/Bcl-2 associated X protein (Bax) expression, cytosolic release of cytochrome c, and activation of caspases. Moreover, isorhamnetin inactivated the adenosine 5′-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway by diminishing the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production due to impaired mitochondrial function. Furthermore, isorhamnetin stimulated production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS); however, the interruption of ROS generation using a ROS scavenger led to an escape from isorhamnetin-mediated G2/M arrest and apoptosis. Collectively, this is the first report to show that isorhamnetin inhibited the proliferation of human bladder cancer cells by ROS-dependent arrest of the cell cycle at the G2/M phase and induction of apoptosis. Therefore, our results provide an important basis for the interpretation of the anti-cancer mechanism of isorhamnetin in bladder cancer cells and support the rationale for the need to evaluate more precise molecular mechanisms and in vivo anti-cancer properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheol Park
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Dong-eui University, Busan 47340, Korea;
| | - Hee-Jae Cha
- Department of Parasitology and Genetics, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan 49267, Korea;
| | - Eun Ok Choi
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University, Busan 47227, Korea; (E.O.C.); (H.L.); (H.H.-B.); (S.Y.J.); (M.Y.K.); (S.Y.K.); (S.H.H.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Dong-eui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan 47227, Korea
| | - Hyesook Lee
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University, Busan 47227, Korea; (E.O.C.); (H.L.); (H.H.-B.); (S.Y.J.); (M.Y.K.); (S.Y.K.); (S.H.H.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Dong-eui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan 47227, Korea
| | - Hyun Hwang-Bo
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University, Busan 47227, Korea; (E.O.C.); (H.L.); (H.H.-B.); (S.Y.J.); (M.Y.K.); (S.Y.K.); (S.H.H.)
- Department of Molecular Biology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea;
| | - Seon Yeong Ji
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University, Busan 47227, Korea; (E.O.C.); (H.L.); (H.H.-B.); (S.Y.J.); (M.Y.K.); (S.Y.K.); (S.H.H.)
- Department of Molecular Biology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea;
| | - Min Yeong Kim
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University, Busan 47227, Korea; (E.O.C.); (H.L.); (H.H.-B.); (S.Y.J.); (M.Y.K.); (S.Y.K.); (S.H.H.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Dong-eui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan 47227, Korea
| | - So Young Kim
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University, Busan 47227, Korea; (E.O.C.); (H.L.); (H.H.-B.); (S.Y.J.); (M.Y.K.); (S.Y.K.); (S.H.H.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Dong-eui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan 47227, Korea
| | - Su Hyun Hong
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University, Busan 47227, Korea; (E.O.C.); (H.L.); (H.H.-B.); (S.Y.J.); (M.Y.K.); (S.Y.K.); (S.H.H.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Dong-eui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan 47227, Korea
| | - JaeHun Cheong
- Department of Molecular Biology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea;
| | - Gi-Young Kim
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea;
| | - Seok Joong Yun
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk 8644, Korea;
| | - Hye Jin Hwang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Nursing, Healthcare Sciences & Human Ecology, Dong-Eui University, Busan 47340, Korea;
| | - Wun-Jae Kim
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk 8644, Korea;
- Correspondence: (W.-J.K.); (Y.H.C.); Tel.: +82-43-269-6136 (W.-J.K.); +82-51-850-7413 (Y.H.C.)
| | - Yung Hyun Choi
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University, Busan 47227, Korea; (E.O.C.); (H.L.); (H.H.-B.); (S.Y.J.); (M.Y.K.); (S.Y.K.); (S.H.H.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Dong-eui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan 47227, Korea
- Correspondence: (W.-J.K.); (Y.H.C.); Tel.: +82-43-269-6136 (W.-J.K.); +82-51-850-7413 (Y.H.C.)
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Boroda AV, Kipryushina YO, Odintsova NA. Chemical modulation of apoptosis in molluscan cell cultures. Cell Stress Chaperones 2019; 24:905-916. [PMID: 31230213 PMCID: PMC6717236 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-019-01014-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
This study focused on the alterations that occur in larval molluscan cells after administration of apoptotic inducers and inhibitors used in mammalian cells in response to cold stress. This is the first report on apoptosis modulation in molluscan cells assessed by flow cytometry. Mitochondrial activity, general caspase activation, and membrane integrity of control molluscan cells were compared to those processes in frozen-thawed molluscan cells, primary mouse embryonic fibroblasts, and human colon tumor cells prior to treatment and after incubation with apoptotic inducers or inhibitors. We tested three apoptotic inducers (staurosporine, camptothecin, and mitomycin C, routinely used for the chemical induction of apoptosis in different mammalian cells) and found that only staurosporine resulted in an evident apoptotic increase in molluscan cell cultures: 9.06% early apoptotic cells in comparison with 5.63% in control frozen-thawed cells and 20.6% late apoptotic cells in comparison with 10.68% in controls. Camptothecin did not significantly induce molluscan cell apoptosis but did cause a slight increase in the number of active cells after thawing. Mitomycin C produced similar results, but its effect was less pronounced. In addition, we hypothesize that the use of the apoptotic inhibitors could reduce apoptosis, which is significant after cryopreservation in molluscan cells; however, our attempts failed. Development in this direction is important for understanding the mechanisms of marine organisms' cold susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Victorovich Boroda
- National Scientific Center of Marine Biology of the Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 17 Palchevsky St, Vladivostok, Primorsky krai, 690041, Russia.
| | - Yulia Olegovna Kipryushina
- National Scientific Center of Marine Biology of the Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 17 Palchevsky St, Vladivostok, Primorsky krai, 690041, Russia
- Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Nelly Adolphovna Odintsova
- National Scientific Center of Marine Biology of the Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 17 Palchevsky St, Vladivostok, Primorsky krai, 690041, Russia
- Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
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Park C, Cha HJ, Lee H, Hwang-Bo H, Ji SY, Kim MY, Hong SH, Jeong JW, Han MH, Choi SH, Jin CY, Kim GY, Choi YH. Induction of G2/M Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis by Genistein in Human Bladder Cancer T24 Cells through Inhibition of the ROS-Dependent PI3k/Akt Signal Transduction Pathway. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8090327. [PMID: 31438633 PMCID: PMC6769882 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8090327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined the anti-cancer effect of genistein, a soy-derived isoflavone, in human bladder transitional cell carcinoma T24 cells. According to our data, genistein induced G2/M phase arrest of the cell cycle and apoptosis. Genistein down-regulated the levels of cyclin A and cyclin B1, but up-regulated the levels of p21WAF1/CIP1, cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) inhibitor, that was complexed with Cdc2 and Cdk2. Furthermore, genistein induced the activation of caspases (caspase-3, -8 and -9), and cleavage of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage. However, genistein-induced apoptosis was significantly inhibited by a pan-caspase inhibitor, indicating that the induction of apoptosis by genestein was caspase-dependent. In addition, genistein increased the cytosolic release of cytochrome c by increasing the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and destroying mitochondria integrity. Moreover, genistein inactivated the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling pathway, while LY294002, a PI3K/Akt inhibitor, increased the apoptosis-inducing effect of genistein. Genistein further increased the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which was significantly suppressed by N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), a ROS scavenger, and in particular, NAC prevented genistein-mediated inactivation of PI3K/Akt signaling, G2/M arrest and apoptosis. Therefore, the present results indicated that genistein promoted apoptosis induction in human bladder cancer T24 cells, which was associated with G2/M phase cell cycle arrest via regulation of ROS-dependent PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheol Park
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Dong-eui University, Busan 47340, Korea
| | - Hee-Jae Cha
- Department of Parasitology and Genetics, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan 49267, Korea
| | - Hyesook Lee
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University, Busan 47340, Korea
- Department of Biochemistry, Dong-eui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan 47227, Korea
| | - Hyun Hwang-Bo
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University, Busan 47340, Korea
- Freshwater Bioresources Utilization Bureau, Nakdonggang National Institute of Biological Resources, Sangju 37242, Korea
| | - Seon Yeong Ji
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University, Busan 47340, Korea
- Freshwater Bioresources Utilization Bureau, Nakdonggang National Institute of Biological Resources, Sangju 37242, Korea
| | - Min Yeong Kim
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University, Busan 47340, Korea
- Department of Biochemistry, Dong-eui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan 47227, Korea
| | - Su Hyun Hong
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University, Busan 47340, Korea
- Department of Biochemistry, Dong-eui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan 47227, Korea
| | - Jin-Woo Jeong
- Freshwater Bioresources Utilization Bureau, Nakdonggang National Institute of Biological Resources, Sangju 37242, Korea
| | - Min Ho Han
- National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea, Seocheon 33662, Korea
| | - Sung Hyun Choi
- Department of System Management, Korea Lift College, Geochang 50141, Korea
| | - Cheng-Yun Jin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Zhengzhou University, Henan 450001, China
| | - Gi-Young Kim
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea
| | - Yung Hyun Choi
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University, Busan 47340, Korea.
- Department of Biochemistry, Dong-eui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan 47227, Korea.
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Bozdogan O, Atasoy P, Bozdogan N, Erekul S, Batislam E, Yilmaz E, Başar MM. Bag-1 Expression in Hyperplastic and Neoplastic Prostate Tissue: Is There Any Relationship with BCL-Related Proteins and Androgen Receptor Status? TUMORI JOURNAL 2019; 91:539-45. [PMID: 16457154 DOI: 10.1177/030089160509100615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Aims and Background To evaluate the function and distribution of BAG-1 protein in hyperplastic and neoplastic prostate tissue and establish the relationship between this protein and BCL-related proteins (BCL-2 and BAX), androgen receptor (AR) expression and chromogranin A. Methods Twenty-eight prostatic adenocarcinomas and 16 prostate hyperplasias were included in this retrospective study. BAG-1, BCL-2, BAX, androgen receptor and chromogranin A immunostaining was performed by means of standard avidin-biotin peroxidase methods. The M30 antibody was used to identify preapoptotic and apoptotic cells. The immunohistochemical histological score (HSCORE) semi-quantative system was used to evaluate immunohistochemical staining. Results Statistical analysis showed a significant difference in HSCOREs of BAX, M30 and AR between the carcinoma and hyperplasia groups. Carcinomas expressed higher HSCOREs of these markers than hyperplasias. There were significant differences in nuclear and cytoplasmic BAG-1 positivity between high and low-grade carcinomas. BAG-1 expression was higher in low-grade carcinomas. In the carcinoma group there was a positive correlation (Pearson) between BCL-2 and cytoplasmic/nuclear BAG-1. In the hyperplasia group there was a negative correlation between BAX and BCL-2, and between AR and M30. We also detected a positive correlation between AR and nuclear/cytoplasmic BAG-1 and between nuclear and cytoplasmic BAG-1 in hyperplasias. BAG-1 showed the same specific basal cell localization as BCL-2 in hyperplastic and normal glands. Conclusions The BAG-1 protein showed a distinct distribution pattern in hyperplastic and neoplastic prostate. BAG-1 in association with BCL-2 inhibits apoptosis and may prolong the life of neoplastic cells and give them a chance to gain new oncogenic features in early carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onder Bozdogan
- Department of Pathology, Kirikkale University Medical School, Turkey.
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Park C, Lee H, Hong SH, Kim JH, Park SK, Jeong JW, Kim GY, Hyun JW, Yun SJ, Kim BW, Kim WJ, Choi YH. Protective effect of diphlorethohydroxycarmalol against oxidative stress-induced DNA damage and apoptosis in retinal pigment epithelial cells. Cutan Ocul Toxicol 2019; 38:298-308. [PMID: 31060395 DOI: 10.1080/15569527.2019.1613425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) contribute to the onset and progression of disease pathogenesis in a variety of organs, including age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Diphlorethohydroxycarmalol (DPHC), a phlorotannin compound, is one of the major components of the brown alga Ishige okamurae Yendo, and has been shown to have strong antioxidant capacity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the protective effects of DPHC against oxidative stress (hydrogen peroxide, H2O2)-induced DNA damage and apoptosis in cultured ARPE19 retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. Materials and methods: Cell viability was assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Intracellular ROS generation was measured by flow cytometer using 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate. The magnitude of apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry using the annexin V/propidium iodide double staining. DNA damage was evaluated by DNA fragmentation assay, comet assay and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) analysis. To observe the mitochondrial membrane potential, 5,5',6,6'-tetrachloro-1,1',3,3'-tetraethyl-imidacarbocyanine iodide staining was performed. In order to identify the underling mechanism of DPHC against H2O2-induced cellular alteration, we performed immune blotting. Results: The results of this study showed that the decreased survival rate brought about by H2O2 could be attributed to the induction of DNA damage and apoptosis accompanied by the increased production of ROS, which was remarkably reversed by DPHC. In addition, the loss of H2O2-induced mitochondrial membrane potential was significantly attenuated in the presence of DPHC. The inhibitory effect of DPHC on H2O2-induced apoptosis was associated with a reduced Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, the protection of the activation of caspase-9 and -3 and the inhibition of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage, which was associated with the blockage of cytochrome c release to the cytoplasm. Conclusions: Our data proved that DPHC protects ARPE19 cells against H2O2-induced DNA damage and apoptosis by scavenging ROS and thus suppressing the mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis pathway. Therefore, this study suggests that DPHC has the therapeutic potential to prevent AMD by inhibiting oxidative stress-induced injury in RPE cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheol Park
- a Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Dong-eui University , Busan , Republic of Korea
| | - Hyesook Lee
- b Department of Biochemistry, College of Korean Medicine, Dong-eui University , Busan , Republic of Korea.,c Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University , Busan , Republic of Korea
| | - Su Hyun Hong
- b Department of Biochemistry, College of Korean Medicine, Dong-eui University , Busan , Republic of Korea.,c Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University , Busan , Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Hwan Kim
- d Research Team, BGN CARE Co., Ltd., BGN Eye Clinic , Busan , Republic of Korea
| | - Seh-Kwang Park
- d Research Team, BGN CARE Co., Ltd., BGN Eye Clinic , Busan , Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Won Jeong
- d Research Team, BGN CARE Co., Ltd., BGN Eye Clinic , Busan , Republic of Korea
| | - Gi-Young Kim
- e Department of Marine Life Sciences, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences, Jeju National University , Jeju , Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Won Hyun
- f Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Jeju National University , Jeju , Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Joong Yun
- g Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University , Cheongju , Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Woo Kim
- h Biopharmaceutical Engineering Major, Division of Applied Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Dong-eui University , Busan , Republic of Korea
| | - Wun-Jae Kim
- g Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University , Cheongju , Republic of Korea
| | - Yung Hyun Choi
- b Department of Biochemistry, College of Korean Medicine, Dong-eui University , Busan , Republic of Korea.,c Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University , Busan , Republic of Korea
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Li Y, Qin X, Li P, Zhang H, Lin T, Miao Z, Ma S. Isobavachalcone isolated from Psoralea corylifolia inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis via inhibiting the AKT/GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway in colorectal cancer cells. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2019; 13:1449-1460. [PMID: 31118579 PMCID: PMC6503305 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s192681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common form of cancer associated with a high mortality rate and poor prognosis. Given the limited efficacy of current therapies for CRC, interest in novel therapeutic agents isolated from natural sources has increased. We studied the anticancer properties of isobavachalcone (IBC), a flavonoid isolated from the herb Psoralea corylifolia, which is used in traditional Chinese medicine, in an in vitro model of CRC. Materials and methods: Cell viability and growth of CRC cells were determined by Cell Counting Kit-8 and colony formation assays following treatment with varying concentrations of IBC, respectively. Apoptosis was examined by 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole staining and flow cytometry with Annexin V/propidium iodide double staining. Western blot analysis was used to analyze expression of apoptosis-associated protein pathway and the AKT/GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling pathway. Results: Initial experiments showed that IBC inhibited proliferation and colony formation of human CRC cell lines in dose- and time-dependent manners. The antiproliferative effect of IBC resulted from induction of apoptosis, as evidenced by morphological changes in the nucleus, flow cytometry analysis, upregulation of cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved PARP, changes in the ratio of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 and the pro-apoptotic protein Bax, translocation of Bax from the cytosol to the mitochondria, and decreased expression of two inhibitors of apoptosis family proteins, XIAP, and survivin. Western blot analysis of signaling pathway proteins demonstrated that IBC downregulated Wnt/β-catenin signaling, which has previously been associated with CRC, by inhibiting the AKT/GSK-3β signaling pathway. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that IBC inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis through inhibition of the AKT/GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway in CRC. These results suggest the potential of IBC as a novel therapeutic agent for the treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxi Li
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxue Qin
- Department of Developmental Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Penglei Li
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Lin
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziwei Miao
- Department of Developmental Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Siping Ma
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
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Park C, Cha HJ, Hong SH, Kim GY, Kim S, Kim HS, Kim BW, Jeon YJ, Choi YH. Protective Effect of Phloroglucinol on Oxidative Stress-Induced DNA Damage and Apoptosis through Activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling Pathway in HaCaT Human Keratinocytes. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:md17040225. [PMID: 31013932 PMCID: PMC6520966 DOI: 10.3390/md17040225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Phloroglucinol (PG) is a component of phlorotannins, which are abundant in marine brown alga species. Recent studies have shown that PG is beneficial in protecting cells from oxidative stress. In this study, we evaluated the protective efficacy of PG in HaCaT human skin keratinocytes stimulated with oxidative stress (hydrogen peroxide, H2O2). The results showed that PG significantly inhibited the H2O2-induced growth inhibition in HaCaT cells, which was associated with increased expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) by the activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-2 (Nrf2). PG remarkably reversed H2O2-induced excessive ROS production, DNA damage, and apoptosis. Additionally, H2O2-induced mitochondrial dysfunction was related to a decrease in ATP levels, and in the presence of PG, these changes were significantly impaired. Furthermore, the increases of cytosolic release of cytochrome c and ratio of Bax to Bcl-2, and the activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3 by the H2O2 were markedly abolished under the condition of PG pretreatment. However, the inhibition of HO-1 function using zinc protoporphyrin, a HO-1 inhibitor, markedly attenuated these protective effects of PG against H2O2. Overall, our results suggest that PG is able to protect HaCaT keratinocytes against oxidative stress-induced DNA damage and apoptosis through activating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheol Park
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Dong-eui University, Busan 47340, Korea.
| | - Hee-Jae Cha
- Department of Parasitology and Genetics, College of Medicine, Kosin University, Busan 49267, Korea.
| | - Su Hyun Hong
- Department of Biochemistry, Dong-eui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan 47227, Korea.
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University, Busan 47227, Korea.
| | - Gi-Young Kim
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea.
| | - Suhkmann Kim
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea.
| | - Heui-Soo Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea.
| | - Byung Woo Kim
- Biopharmaceutical Engineering Major, Division of Applied Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Dong-eui University, Busan 47340, Korea.
| | - You-Jin Jeon
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea.
| | - Yung Hyun Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, Dong-eui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan 47227, Korea.
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University, Busan 47227, Korea.
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Ebmeyer J, Franz L, Lim R, Niemann B, Glatt H, Braeuning A, Lampen A, Hessel-Pras S. Sensitization of Human Liver Cells Toward Fas-Mediated Apoptosis by the Metabolically Activated Pyrrolizidine Alkaloid Lasiocarpine. Mol Nutr Food Res 2019; 63:e1801206. [PMID: 30900802 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201801206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) are common phytotoxins. Intoxication can lead to liver damage. Previous studies showed PA-induced apoptosis in liver cells. However, the exact role of the extrinsic apoptotic pathway has not been investigated yet. This study aims to analyze whether the PA representative lasiocarpine sensitizes human liver cells toward extrinsic Fas-mediated apoptosis. METHODS AND RESULTS HepG2 cells with limited xenobiotic metabolic activity are used to analyze metabolism-dependent effects. External in vitro metabolism is simulated using rat or human liver enzymes. Additionally, metabolically competent HepaRG cells are used to confirm the observed effects in a human liver cell system with internal xenobiotic metabolism. Metabolized lasiocarpine decreases cell viability and induces Fas receptor gene expression in both cell lines. Increased Fas receptor protein expression on the cell surface is demonstrated by flow cytometry. The addition of a Fas ligand-simulating antibody induces apoptosis. Induction of extrinsic Fas-mediated apoptosis is verified by Western blotting for cleaved caspase 8, the initiator caspase of extrinsic apoptosis. All effects are dependent on lasiocarpine metabolism. CONCLUSION The results demonstrate that metabolically metabolized lasiocarpine sensitizes human liver cells toward Fas-mediated apoptosis. They broaden our knowledge on the hepatotoxic molecular mechanisms of PA as widely distributed food contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Ebmeyer
- Department Food Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Max-Dohrn-Straße 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany
| | - Luise Franz
- Department Food Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Max-Dohrn-Straße 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ramonique Lim
- Department Food Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Max-Dohrn-Straße 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany
| | - Birgit Niemann
- Department Food Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Max-Dohrn-Straße 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hansruedi Glatt
- Department Food Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Max-Dohrn-Straße 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany
| | - Albert Braeuning
- Department Food Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Max-Dohrn-Straße 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alfonso Lampen
- Department Food Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Max-Dohrn-Straße 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefanie Hessel-Pras
- Department Food Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Max-Dohrn-Straße 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany
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Protective Effect of Glutathione against Oxidative Stress-induced Cytotoxicity in RAW 264.7 Macrophages through Activating the Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor-2/Heme Oxygenase-1 Pathway. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8040082. [PMID: 30939721 PMCID: PMC6523540 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8040082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS), products of oxidative stress, contribute to the initiation and progression of the pathogenesis of various diseases. Glutathione is a major antioxidant that can help prevent the process through the removal of ROS. The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effect of glutathione on ROS-mediated DNA damage and apoptosis caused by hydrogen peroxide, H2O2, in RAW 264.7 macrophages and to investigate the role of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) signaling pathway. The results showed that the decrease in the survival rate of RAW 264.7 cells treated with H2O2 was due to the induction of DNA damage and apoptosis accompanied by the increased production of ROS. However, H2O2-induced cytotoxicity and ROS generation were significantly reversed by glutathione. In addition, the H2O2-induced loss of mitochondrial membrane potential was related to a decrease in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels, and these changes were also significantly attenuated in the presence of glutathione. These protective actions were accompanied by a increase in the expression rate of B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2)/Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage by the inactivation of caspase-3. Moreover, glutathione-mediated cytoprotective properties were associated with an increased activation of Nrf2 and expression of HO-1; however, the inhibition of the HO-1 function using an HO-1 specific inhibitor, zinc protoporphyrin IX, significantly weakened the cytoprotective effects of glutathione. Collectively, the results demonstrate that the exogenous administration of glutathione is able to protect RAW 264.7 cells against oxidative stress-induced mitochondria-mediated apoptosis along with the activity of the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.
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Wei R, Mao L, Xu P, Zheng X, Hackman RM, Mackenzie GG, Wang Y. Suppressing glucose metabolism with epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) reduces breast cancer cell growth in preclinical models. Food Funct 2019; 9:5682-5696. [PMID: 30310905 DOI: 10.1039/c8fo01397g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Numerous studies propose that epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), an abundant polyphenol in green tea, has anti-cancer properties. However, its mechanism of action in breast cancer remains unclear. This study investigated the capacity of EGCG to suppress breast cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo, characterizing the underlying mechanisms, focusing on the effect of EGCG on glucose metabolism. EGCG reduced breast cancer 4T1 cell growth in a concentration- (10-320 μM) and time- (12-48 h) dependent manner. EGCG induced breast cancer apoptotic cell death at 24 h, as evidenced by annexin V/PI, caspase 3, caspase 8 and caspase 9 activation. Furthermore, EGCG affected the expression of 16 apoptosis-related genes, and promoted mitochondrial depolarization. EGCG induced autophagy concentration-dependently in 4T1 cells by modulating the levels of the autophagy-related proteins Beclin1, ATG5 and LC3B. Moreover, EGCG affected glucose, lactate and ATP levels. Mechanistically, EGCG significantly inhibited the activities and mRNA levels of the glycolytic enzymes hexokinase (HK), phosphofructokinase (PFK), and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), and to a lesser extent the activity of pyruvate kinase (PK). In addition, EGCG decreased the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) and glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1), critical players in regulating glycolysis. In vivo, EGCG reduced breast tumor weight in a dose-dependent manner, reduced glucose and lactic acid levels and reduced the expression of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). In conclusion, EGCG exerts an anti-tumor effect through the inhibition of key enzymes that participate in the glycolytic pathway and the suppression of glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Wei
- Institute of Tea Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.
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Park YL, Ha SY, Park SY, Choi JH, Jung MW, Myung DS, Kim HS, Joo YE. Reversine induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis via upregulation of the Fas and DR5 signaling pathways in human colorectal cancer cells. Int J Oncol 2019; 54:1875-1883. [PMID: 30864676 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2019.4746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Reversine, a 2,6‑diamino‑substituted purine analogue, has been reported to be effective in tumor suppression via induction of cell growth arrest and apoptosis of cancer cells. However, it remains unclear whether reversine exerts anticancer effects on human colorectal cancer cells. In the present study, in vitro experiments were conducted to investigate the anticancer properties of reversine in human colorectal cancer cells. The effect of reversine on human colorectal cancer cell lines, SW480 and HCT‑116, was examined using a WST‑1 cell viability assay, fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry, DNA fragmentation, small interfering RNA (siRNA) and western blotting. Reversine treatment demonstrated cytotoxic activity in human colorectal cancer cells. It also induced apoptosis by activating poly(ADP‑ribose) polymerase, caspase‑3, ‑7 and ‑8, and increasing the levels of the pro‑apoptotic protein second mitochondria‑derived activator of caspase/direct inhibitor of apoptosis‑binding protein with low pI. The pan‑caspase inhibitor Z‑VAD‑FMK attenuated these reversine‑induced apoptotic effects on human colorectal cancer cells. Additionally, reversine treatment induced cell cycle arrest in the subG1 and G2/M phases via increase in levels of p21, p27 and p57, and decrease in cyclin D1 levels. The expression of Fas and death receptor 5 (DR5) signaling proteins in SW480 and HCT116 cells was upregulated by reversine treatment. Reversine‑induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest were suppressed by inhibition of Fas and DR5 expression via siRNA. In conclusion, Reversine treatment suppressed tumor progression by the inhibition of cell proliferation, induction of cell cycle arrest and induction of apoptosis via upregulation of the Fas and DR5 signaling pathways in human colorectal cancer cells. The present study indicated that reversine may be used as a novel anticancer agent in human colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Lan Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Yoon Ha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Young Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Ho Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Woo Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Seong Myung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Soo Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Eun Joo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-757, Republic of Korea
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Balasingam N, Brandon HE, Ross JA, Wieden HJ, Thakor N. Cellular roles of the human Obg-like ATPase 1 (hOLA1) and its YchF homologs. Biochem Cell Biol 2019; 98:1-11. [PMID: 30742486 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2018-0353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
P-loop NTPases comprise one of the major superfamilies of nucleotide binding proteins, which mediate a variety of cellular processes, such as mRNA translation, signal transduction, cell motility, and growth regulation. In this review, we discuss the structure and function of two members of the ancient Obg-related family of P-loop GTPases: human Obg-like ATPase 1 (hOLA1), and its bacterial/plant homolog, YchF. After a brief discussion of nucleotide binding proteins in general and the classification of the Obg-related family in particular, we discuss the sequence and structural features of YchF and hOLA1. We then explore the various functional roles of hOLA1 in mammalian cells during stress response and cancer progression, and of YchF in bacterial cells. Finally, we directly compare and contrast the structure and function of hOLA1 with YchF before summarizing the future perspectives of hOLA1 research. This review is timely, given the variety of recent studies aimed at understanding the roles of hOLA1 and YchF in such critical processes as cellular-stress response, oncogenesis, and protein synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirujah Balasingam
- Alberta RNA Research and Training Institute (ARRTI), University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive W, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive W, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Harland E Brandon
- Alberta RNA Research and Training Institute (ARRTI), University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive W, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive W, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Joseph A Ross
- Alberta RNA Research and Training Institute (ARRTI), University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive W, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive W, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Hans-Joachim Wieden
- Alberta RNA Research and Training Institute (ARRTI), University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive W, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive W, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Nehal Thakor
- Alberta RNA Research and Training Institute (ARRTI), University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive W, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive W, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada.,Canadian Centre for Behavioral Neuroscience (CCBN), Department of Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive W, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada.,Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 4Z6, Canada
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Sato H, Uzu M, Kashiba T, Fujiwara T, Hatakeyama H, Ueno K, Hisaka A. Trichostatin A modulates cellular metabolism in renal cell carcinoma to enhance sunitinib sensitivity. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 847:143-157. [PMID: 30689992 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.01.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Although sunitinib is the first-line drug for progressive renal cell carcinoma (RCC), most patients experience its tolerance. One possible way of overcoming drug resistance is combination therapy. Epigenetic modifier is one of the candidate drug group. A recent evidence suggests that cell metabolism is regulated by epigenetic mechanisms. Epigenetic abnormalities lead to changes in metabolism and may contribute to drug resistance and progression of RCC. Consequently, we investigated whether trichostatin A (TSA), a potent histone-deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, alters sunitinib-induced cytotoxicity and metabolism in RCC cells at epigenetic regulatory concentrations. Combined metabolome and transcriptome analysis suggested that TSA impacts on energy productive metabolic pathways, such as those involving TCA cycle and nucleotide metabolism especially for increase of hyperphosphorylated form. Combination of sunitinib and TSA increased cell death with PARP cleavage, an early marker of mitochondrial apoptosis, whereas receptor tyrosine kinase signaling, which is the target of sunitinib, was not altered by TSA. Finally, the established sunitinib resistant-RCC cell (786-O Res) was also exposed to sunitinib and TSA combination, resulting in significant growth inhibition. In summary, it was suggested that TSA reduces sunitinib resistance by triggering intracellular metabolome shifts regarding energy metabolism, that is the first recognized mechanism as an HDAC inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromi Sato
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacometrics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba 260-8675, Japan.
| | - Miaki Uzu
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacometrics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba 260-8675, Japan; Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Kashiba
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacometrics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Takuya Fujiwara
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacometrics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Hiroto Hatakeyama
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacometrics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Koichi Ueno
- Center for Preventive Medical Science, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Akihiro Hisaka
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacometrics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
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