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Gibon E, Takakubo Y, Zwingenberger S, Gallo J, Takagi M, Goodman SB. Friend or foe? Inflammation and the foreign body response to orthopedic biomaterials. J Biomed Mater Res A 2024; 112:1172-1187. [PMID: 37656958 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
The use of biomaterials and implants for joint replacement, fracture fixation, spinal stabilization and other orthopedic indications has revolutionized patient care by reliably decreasing pain and improving function. These surgical procedures always invoke an acute inflammatory reaction initially, that in most cases, readily subsides. Occasionally, chronic inflammation around the implant develops and persists; this results in unremitting pain and compromises function. The etiology of chronic inflammation may be specific, such as with infection, or be unknown. The histological hallmarks of chronic inflammation include activated macrophages, fibroblasts, T cell subsets, and other cells of the innate immune system. The presence of cells of the adaptive immune system usually indicates allergic reactions to metallic haptens. A foreign body reaction is composed of activated macrophages, giant cells, fibroblasts, and other cells often distributed in a characteristic histological arrangement; this reaction is usually due to particulate debris and other byproducts from the biomaterials used in the implant. Both chronic inflammation and the foreign body response have adverse biological effects on the integration of the implant with the surrounding tissues. Strategies to mitigate chronic inflammation and the foreign body response will enhance the initial incorporation and longevity of the implant, and thereby, improve long-term pain relief and overall function for the patient. The seminal research performed in the laboratory of Dr. James Anderson and co-workers has provided an inspirational and driving force for our laboratory's work on the interactions and crosstalk among cells of the mesenchymal, immune, and vascular lineages, and orthopedic biomaterials. Dr. Anderson's delineation of the fundamental biologic processes and mechanisms underlying acute and chronic inflammation, the foreign body response, resolution, and eventual functional integration of implants in different organ systems has provided researchers with a strategic approach to the use of biomaterials to improve health in numerous clinical scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Gibon
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yuya Takakubo
- Department of Rehabilitation, Yamagata University, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Stefan Zwingenberger
- University Center for Orthopaedics, Traumatology, and Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jiri Gallo
- Department of Orthopaedics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc Teaching Hospital, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Michiaki Takagi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Stuart B Goodman
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and (by courtesy) Bioengineering, Stanford University Medical Center Outpatient Center, California, USA
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Tsikandylakis G, Mortensen KRL, Gromov K, Mohaddes M, Malchau H, Troelsen A. The Use of Large Metal Heads in Thin Vitamin E-Doped Cross-Linked Polyethylene Inserts Does Not Increase Polyethylene Wear in Total Hip Arthroplasty: 5-Year Results From a Randomized Controlled Trial. J Arthroplasty 2024; 39:1804-1810. [PMID: 38350518 DOI: 10.1016/j.arth.2024.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin E-doped cross-linked polyethylene (VEPE) has encouraged the use of larger heads in thinner liners in total hip arthroplasty (THA). However, there are concerns about wear and mechanical failure of the thin liner, especially when metal heads are used. The aim of this randomized controlled trial was to investigate if the use of a large metal head in thin VEPE liner would increase polyethylene wear compared with a standard 32-mm metal head and to compare periacetabular radiolucencies and patient-reported outcomes in THA. METHODS There were 96 candidates for uncemented THA who were randomly allocated to either the largest possible metal head (36 to 44 mm) that could be fitted in the thinnest available VEPE liner (intervention group) or a standard 32-mm metal head (control group). The primary outcome was proximal head penetration, measured with a model-based radiostereometric analysis. Secondary outcomes were periacetabular radiolucencies and patient-reported outcomes. The midterm results of the trial at 5 years are presented. RESULTS The median total proximal head penetration (interquartile range) was -0.04 mm (-0.12 to 0.02) in the intervention group and -0.03 mm (-0.14 to 0.05) in the control group (P = .691). The rates of periacetabular radiolucencies were 1 of 44 and 4 of 42 (P = .197), respectively. Patient-reported hip function and health-related quality of life did not differ between the groups, but participants in the intervention group reported a higher level of activity (median University of California Level of Activity score 7 versus 6, P = .020). There were 5 revisions caused by dislocations (2), periprosthetic fracture (1), stem subsidence (1), or iliopsoas impingement (1). CONCLUSIONS Large metal heads in thin VEPE liners did not increase liner wear and were not associated with liner failure 5 years after THA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Tsikandylakis
- Department of Orthopaedics, Region of Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden; Institute of Clinical Sciences, Department of Orthopaedics, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kristian R L Mortensen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark; Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kirill Gromov
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark; Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Maziar Mohaddes
- Department of Orthopaedics, Region of Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden; Institute of Clinical Sciences, Department of Orthopaedics, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Henrik Malchau
- Department of Orthopaedics, Region of Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden; Institute of Clinical Sciences, Department of Orthopaedics, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Harris Orthopaedic Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Anders Troelsen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark; Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Jalali O, Fiske J, DeJardin MG, Scudday TS, Barnett SL, Gorab RS. Wear of Third-Generation Cross-Linked Polyethylene in Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty: A 10-Year Analysis. J Arthroplasty 2024; 39:1335-1340. [PMID: 37977306 DOI: 10.1016/j.arth.2023.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sequential modifications to the manufacturing process of highly cross-linked polyethylene (HXLPE) have improved the wear resistance and implant survival of these liners in total hip arthroplasty (THA). However, no study has examined the long-term (mean 10 year) wear rates and clinical outcomes of third-generation HXLPE in THA. The aim of our study was to report the longest-to-date analysis of wear rates and clinical outcomes of a third-generation HXLPE liner. METHODS A series of 133 THAs using a specific HXLPE acetabular liner were retrospectively evaluated. Linear and volumetric wear rates were determined using a validated radiographic technique and clinical outcomes were analyzed. Multivariate analyses were performed to determine risk factors for accelerated wear. RESULTS At a mean follow-up of 10.4 years (range, 8 to 13.4), the mean linear wear rate was 0.0172 mm/year and the mean volumetric wear rate was 16.99 mm3/year. There were no instances of osteolysis or mechanical failures at any time point and there was a 100% acetabular component survival rate. Younger age and use of offset liners were independent risk factors for increased wear (P < .01 for both). CONCLUSIONS Our series of a third-generation HXLPE demonstrated very low wear rates and excellent implant survival at a mean of 10.4 years following primary THA. Future comparative studies at the 15- and 20-year follow-up timepoints are necessary to determine if such findings translate to true improvements in the tribological properties and longevity of these liners when compared to previous generations of HXLPE liners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Jalali
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - Joseph Fiske
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Touro University California, Vallejo, California
| | | | - Travis S Scudday
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hoag Orthopedic Institute, Irvine, California
| | - Steven L Barnett
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hoag Orthopedic Institute, Irvine, California
| | - Robert S Gorab
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hoag Orthopedic Institute, Irvine, California
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Saviour CM, Gupta S. Towards an optimal design of a functionally graded porous uncemented acetabular component using genetic algorithm. Med Eng Phys 2024; 126:104159. [PMID: 38621833 DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2024.104159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Generation of polyethylene wear debris and peri‑prosthetic bone resorption have been identified as potential causes of acetabular component loosening in Total Hip Arthroplasty. This study was aimed at optimization of a functionally graded porous acetabular component to minimize peri‑prosthetic bone resorption and polyethylene liner wear. Porosity levels (porosity values at acetabular rim, and dome) and functional gradation exponents (radial and polar) were considered as the design parameters. The relationship between porosity and elastic properties were obtained from numerical homogenization. The multi-objective optimization was carried out using a non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm integrated with finite element analysis of the hemipelvises subject to various loading conditions of common daily activities. The optimal functionally graded porous designs (OFGPs -1, -2, -3, -4, -5) exhibited less strain-shielding in cancellous bone compared to solid metal-backing. Maximum bone-implant interfacial micromotions (63-68 μm) for OFGPs were found to be close to that of solid metal-backing (66 μm), which might facilitate bone ingrowth. However, OFGPs exhibited an increase in volumetric wear (3-10 %) compared to solid metal-backing. The objective functions were found to be more sensitive to changes in polar gradation exponent than radial gradation exponent, based on the Sobol' method. Considering the common failure mechanisms, OFGP-1, having highly porous acetabular rim and less porous dome, appears to be a better alternative to the solid metal-backing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ceby Mullakkara Saviour
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721 302, West Bengal, India
| | - Sanjay Gupta
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721 302, West Bengal, India.
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LaValva SM, LeBrun DG, Canoles HG, Ren R, Padgett DE, Su EP. Clinical outcomes and return to dance after total hip arthroplasty or hip resurfacing in professional dancers. Bone Joint J 2024; 106-B:17-23. [PMID: 38425296 DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.106b3.bjj-2023-0854.r1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Aims Professional dancers represent a unique patient population in the setting of hip arthroplasty, given the high degree of hip strength and mobility required by their profession. We sought to determine the clinical outcomes and ability to return to professional dance after total hip arthroplasty (THA) or hip resurfacing arthroplasty (HRA). Methods Active professional dancers who underwent primary THA or HRA at a single institution with minimum one-year follow-up were included in the study. Primary outcomes included the rate of return to professional dance, three patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) (modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS), Hip disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score for Joint Replacement (HOOS-JR), and Lower Extremity Activity Scale (LEAS)), and postoperative complications. Results A total of 49 hips in 39 patients (mean age 56 years (SD 13); 80% female (n = 39)) were included. Mean follow-up was 4.9 years (SD 5.1). Of these 49 hips, 37 THAs and 12 HRAs were performed. In all, 96% of hips returned to professional dance activities postoperatively. With regard to PROMs, there were statistically significant improvements in mHHS, HOOS-JR, and LEAS from baseline to ≥ one year postoperatively. There were complications in 7/49 hips postoperatively (14%), five of which required revision surgery (10%). There were no revisions for instability after the index procedure. Two complications (5.4%) occurred in hips that underwent THA compared with five (42%) after HRA (p = 0.007), though the difference by procedure was not significantly different when including only contemporary implant designs (p = 0.334). Conclusion Active professional dancers experienced significant improvements in functional outcome scores after THA or HRA, with a 96% rate of return to professional dance. However, the revision rate at short- to mid-term follow-up highlights the challenges of performing hip arthroplasty in this demanding patient population. Further investigation is required to determine the results of THA versus HRA using contemporary implant designs in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott M LaValva
- Adult Reconstruction and Joint Replacement Service, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
| | - Drake G LeBrun
- Adult Reconstruction and Joint Replacement Service, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
| | - Haley G Canoles
- Adult Reconstruction and Joint Replacement Service, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
| | - Renee Ren
- Adult Reconstruction and Joint Replacement Service, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
| | - Douglas E Padgett
- Adult Reconstruction and Joint Replacement Service, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
| | - Edwin P Su
- Adult Reconstruction and Joint Replacement Service, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
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Thalody HS, Ponzio DY, Santoro AJ, Radack TM, Post ZD, Ong AC. Large Femoral Heads With Small Acetabular Components: An Examination of 10-Year Polyethylene Wear. Orthopedics 2024; 47:118-122. [PMID: 37561101 DOI: 10.3928/01477447-20230804-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Highly cross-linked polyethylene (HXLPE) has improved polyethylene (PE) wear rates while decreasing osteolysis and aseptic loosening. However, concerns exist regarding the risk of mechanical failure with thin HXLPE liners in total hip arthroplasty (THA). Our purpose was to evaluate long-term outcomes and PE wear rates in primary THAs pairing large femoral heads with small acetabular components and thin HXLPE liners. We retrospectively reviewed 29 patients who underwent 33 primary THAs using large femoral heads (32 or 36 mm) with small acetabular components (48 or 50 mm) and thin HXLPE liners (3.9 or 5.9 mm) at minimum 10-year follow-up. PE liner wear was measured using a validated radiographic technique. Mean age was 66 years, 97% of the patients were women, and mean body mass index was 26.3 kg/m2. Thirty hips (90.9%) had ceramic femoral heads, and 13 hips (39%) had 36-mm femoral heads with 3.9-mm HXLPE liners. All cases used a neutral PE design. Mean linear wear rate and volumetric wear rate were 0.04 mm/year and 39.6 mm3/year, respectively, at mean 10.9-year follow-up. There were no instances of liner fracture, liner dissociation, or revision. Mean Hip disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score for Joint Replacement (HOOS, JR) was 92.1. In the largest long-term study of primary THAs using large femoral heads with small acetabular components and thin HXLPE liners, we found low linear and volumetric wear rates and no cases of liner mechanical failures. Thin HXLPE liners are a safe and viable option for THA surgeons. [Orthopedics. 2024;47(2):118-122.].
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Parilla FW, Anthony CA, Bartosiak KA, Pashos GE, Thapa S, Clohisy JC. Ten Year Outcomes of Contemporary Total Hip Arthroplasty in Adolescent and Young Adult Patients are Favorable. J Arthroplasty 2024; 39:754-759. [PMID: 37778641 DOI: 10.1016/j.arth.2023.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to assess 10-year patient-reported outcome measures, complications, polyethylene wear-rates, and implant survivorships in patients ≤30 years of age treated with contemporary total hip arthroplasty (THA). METHODS We retrospectively assessed 121 patients (144 hips) who underwent THA at age ≤30 years (mean 23 [range, 11 to 30]) at an average follow-up duration of 10.7 years (range, 8 to 17). Highly-crosslinked polyethylene acetabular liners were used in all cases. Femoral heads were ceramic (74%) or cobalt-chrome (26%). There were 52 hips (36%) that had previous surgery and 31 hips (22%) were in patients who had associated major systemic comorbidities. We analyzed the modified Harris Hip scores, University of California Los Angeles Activity Scores, major complications, polyethylene wear-rates, and implant survivorships. RESULTS At final follow-up, the average modified Harris Hip scores improved from 47 (±15.1) to 81 (±19.5) with an average 34-point improvement. The University of California Los Angeles scores improved from 4.0 (±2.3) to 6.0 (±2.4). The major complication rate was 5.6%. There were 6 hips (4.2%) that were revised. Indications for revision included instability (3, 2.1%), late infection (1, 0.7%), liner dissociation (1, 0.7%), and acetabular loosening (1, 0.7%). Mean linear (0.0438 mm/y) and volumetric (29.07 mm3/y) wear rates were low. No periprosthetic osteolysis was detected in any hip. Survivorship free from revision for any reason was 97.2, 95.8, and 95.8% at 5, 10, and 15 years. CONCLUSIONS Contemporary THA in patients ≤30 years of age is associated with marked clinical improvements at 10-year follow-up and encouraging survivorship estimates at 15 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank W Parilla
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Chris A Anthony
- Penn Orthopaedics at Pennsylvania Hospital, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Kimberly A Bartosiak
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Gail E Pashos
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Susan Thapa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - John C Clohisy
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
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Parilla FW, Youngman TR, Layon DR, Ince DC, Pashos GE, Maloney WJ, Clohisy JC. Excellent 20-Year Results of Total Hip Arthroplasty With Highly Cross-Linked Polyethylene on Cobalt-Chromium Femoral Heads in Patients ≤50 Years. J Arthroplasty 2024; 39:409-415. [PMID: 37572728 DOI: 10.1016/j.arth.2023.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Highly cross-linked polyethylene (HXLPE) acetabular bearing surfaces have appeared to offer excellent wear resistance, low incidence of wear-related osteolysis, and high implant survivorship at 10-year to 15-year follow-up. However, concerns over potential performance deterioration at longer-term follow-up remain - particularly in younger patients - and outcome data into the third decade have not been available. METHODS We retrospectively assessed 62 patients (68 hips) who underwent primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) at age ≤50 years with a single manufacturer's cementless components, remelted HXLPE liner, and small diameter (26 and 28 millimeter) cobalt-chromium (CoCr) femoral heads at minimum 18-year follow-up. We assessed clinical outcomes (modified Harris Hip score, University of California Los Angeles Activity Score, polyethylene wear rates, radiographic findings (osteolysis, component loosening), and implant survivorship. RESULTS At 20.6-year mean follow-up (range, 18 to 23 years) modified Harris Hip scores for surviving hips remained an average of 41 points above preoperative baseline (49 versus 90, P < .001) and UCLA scores 2.8 points above baseline (3.7 versus 6.4, P < .001). Wear analysis revealed a population linear wear rate of 0.0142 mm/y (standard deviation (SD), 0.0471) and volumetric wear rate of 10.14 mm3/y (SD, 23.41). Acetabular lysis was noted in 2 asymptomatic hips at 16.6 and 18.4 years. No components were radiographically loose. Survivorship free from wear-related revision was 100% at 20 years (97% free from any revision). CONCLUSION The HXLPE-CoCr bearing couple with small femoral heads continues to be extremely effective 20 years after primary THA in the younger patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank W Parilla
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Tyler R Youngman
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Daniel R Layon
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Deniz C Ince
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Gail E Pashos
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - William J Maloney
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Redwood City, California
| | - John C Clohisy
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
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Afghanyar Y, Möller JH, Wunderlich F, Dargel J, Rehbein P, Gercek E, Drees P, Kutzner KP. An isoelastic monoblock cup versus a modular metal-back cup: a matched-pair analysis of clinical and radiological results using Einzel-Bild-Röntgen-Analyse software. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2024; 144:493-500. [PMID: 37740060 PMCID: PMC10774207 DOI: 10.1007/s00402-023-05058-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Bone preservation and long-term survival are the main challenges in cementless total hip arthroplasty (THA). A good bone stock is especially important for adequate anchorage of the cup in revision cases. However, the optimal acetabular cup design for preserving good bone stock is still unclear. We aimed to compare clinical outcome, radiological alterations, migration, and wear at mid-term for two different cup types. MATERIALS AND METHODS This retrospective matched-pair study was performed using the data for 98 THA cases treated with a monoblock cup composed of vitamin E-blended highly cross-linked polyethylene (VEPE; monoblock group) or a modular cup composed of a highly cross-linked polyethylene (HXLPE) without an antioxidant (modular group). Clinical results were evaluated using the Harris Hip Score (HHS). The obtained radiographs were analyzed for radiological alterations, migration, and wear using Einzel-Bild-Röntgen-Analyse (EBRA) software. RESULTS The mean follow-up duration was 73.2 ± 19.2 months (range: 32-108 months) and 60.5 ± 12.2 months (range: 20-84 months) in the monoblock and modular groups, respectively. HHS improved to 95.7 points in the monoblock group and 97.6 points in the modular group, without significant differences (p = 0.425). EBRA measurements were obtained in all cases. Acetabular bone alterations were not detected on radiological assessments. Mean cup migration was 1.67 ± 0.92 mm (range: 0.46-3.94 mm) and 1.24 ± 0.87 mm (range: 0.22-3.62 mm) in the monoblock and modular groups. The mean wear rate was 0.21 ± 0.18 mm (range: 0.00-0.70 mm) and 0.20 ± 0.13 mm (range: 0.00-0.50 mm) in the monoblock and modular groups. Both migration and wear pattern showed no significant differences (p = 0.741 and 0.243). None of the cases required revision surgery, yielding an implant survival rate of 100% in both groups. CONCLUSION The isoelastic press-fit monoblock VEPE cup and modular metal-back HXLPE cup showed equivalent mid-term wear and cup migration. Long-term studies are required to determine the effects of modularity, isoelasticity, and polyethylene stabilization with vitamin E on cup loosening and survival rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yama Afghanyar
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, St. Josefs Hospital Wiesbaden, Wiesbaden, Germany.
| | - Jens Hendrik Möller
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, St. Josefs Hospital Wiesbaden, Wiesbaden, Germany
| | - Felix Wunderlich
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jens Dargel
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, St. Josefs Hospital Wiesbaden, Wiesbaden, Germany
| | - Philipp Rehbein
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, St. Josefs Hospital Wiesbaden, Wiesbaden, Germany
| | - Erol Gercek
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Philipp Drees
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Karl Philipp Kutzner
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, St. Josefs Hospital Wiesbaden, Wiesbaden, Germany
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Matsuoka T, Takahashi Y, Ishida T, Tateiwa T, Shishido T, Yamamoto K. In vivo creep and wear performance of vitamin-E-diffused highly crosslinked polyethylene in total hip arthroplasty. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2023; 143:7195-7203. [PMID: 37438580 DOI: 10.1007/s00402-023-04972-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION An acetabular liner thickness of around 6 mm remains the "gold standard" in total hip arthroplasty. Some surgeons have been recommending the use of the thickest possible liner because contact stress and strain in articulating surfaces decrease with increasing the wall thickness. The purpose of this study was to determine whether in vivo creep and wear performance could be enhanced using a thicker liner over the standard thickness in vitamin-E-diffused highly crosslinked polyethylene (HXLPE). MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred and twenty-two hips were allocated to age-matched, sex-matched, and body mass index-matched two subgroups implanted either with a 6.8- or 8.9-mm-thick vitamin-E-diffused HXLPE liner against 28-mm cobalt-chrome femoral head, and followed-up for 7 years. Linear and volumetric penetration of femoral head into the liners attributed to creep and wear were analyzed for each group. RESULTS Compressive creep strain generated at the initial 6 months was significantly larger in the 6.8-mm group (2.6%) than in the 8.9-mm group (2.2%). The linear steady-state wear observed after 2 years was 0.0019 and 0.0015 mm/year, whereas the volumetric steady-state wear was 0.54 and 0.45 mm3/years in the 6.8- and 8.9-mm-thick groups, respectively. Although less strain in the thicker group resulted in a slightly less wear, it did not reach significant differences in the steady-state wear rates between the groups. CONCLUSION No clinical significance for using a thicker liner over the standard thickness (6.8 mm → 8.9 mm) was confirmed in the vitamin-E-diffused HXLPE according to the 7-year follow-up. The wear rates for both thicknesses were very low enough to prevent osteolysis, and no mechanical failure was observed at any follow-up interval. Nevertheless, since the significantly higher strain was seen in the thinner liner, further follow-up is needed to compare the longer term wear and the incidence of osteolysis and component fracture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsunehiro Matsuoka
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1, Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Takahashi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1, Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan.
- Department of Bone and Joint Biomaterial Research, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1, Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan.
| | - Tsunehito Ishida
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1, Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Tateiwa
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1, Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Takaaki Shishido
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1, Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Kengo Yamamoto
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1, Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
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11
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Sathishkumar S, Paulraj J, Chakraborti P, Muthuraj M. Comprehensive Review on Biomaterials and Their Inherent Behaviors for Hip Repair Applications. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023; 6:4439-4464. [PMID: 37871169 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Developing biomaterials for hip prostheses is challenging and requires dedicated attention from researchers. Hip replacement is an inevitable and remarkable orthopedic therapy for enhancing the quality of patient life for those who have arthritis as well as trauma. Generally, five types of hip replacement procedures are successfully performed in the current medical market: total hip replacements, hip resurfacing, hemiarthroplasty, bipolar, and dual mobility systems. The average life span of artificial hip joints is about 15 years, and several studies have been conducted over the last 60 years to improve the performance and thereby increase the lifespan of artificial hip joints. Present-day prosthetic hip joints are linked to the wide availability of biomaterials. Metals, ceramics, and polymers are some of the most promising types of biomaterials; nevertheless, each biomaterial has advantages and disadvantages. Metals and ceramics fail in most applications owing to stress shielding and the emission of wear debris; ongoing research is being carried out to find a remedy to these unfavorable responses. Recent research found that polymers and composites based on polymers are significant alternative materials for artificial joints. With growing research and several biomaterials, recent reviews lag in effectively addressing hip implant materials' individual mechanical, tribological, and physiological behaviors. This Review comprehensively investigates the historical evolution of artificial hip replacement procedures and related biomaterials' mechanical, tribological, and biological characteristics. In addition, the most recent advances are also discussed to stimulate and guide future researchers as they seek more effective methods and synthesis of innovative biomaterials for hip arthroplasty application.
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12
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Callary SA, Sharma DK, D’Apollonio TM, Campbell DG. Large articulations do not increase wear rates of thin second-generation highly cross-linked polyethylene liners at ten years. Bone Jt Open 2023; 4:839-845. [PMID: 37926113 PMCID: PMC10625862 DOI: 10.1302/2633-1462.411.bjo-2023-0124.r1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims Radiostereometric analysis (RSA) is the most accurate radiological method to measure in vivo wear of highly cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) acetabular components. We have previously reported very low wear rates for a sequentially irradiated and annealed X3 XLPE liner (Stryker Orthopaedics, USA) when used in conjunction with a 32 mm femoral heads at ten-year follow-up. Only two studies have reported the long-term wear rate of X3 liners used in conjunction with larger heads using plain radiographs which have poor sensitivity. The aim of this study was to measure the ten-year wear of thin X3 XLPE liners against larger 36 or 40 mm articulations with RSA. Methods We prospectively reviewed 19 patients who underwent primary cementless THA with the XLPE acetabular liner (X3) and a 36 or 40 mm femoral head with a resultant liner thickness of at least 5.8 mm. RSA radiographs at one week, six months, and one, two, five, and ten years postoperatively and femoral head penetration within the acetabular component were measured with UmRSA software. Of the initial 19 patients, 12 were available at the ten-year time point. Results The median proximal, 2D, and 3D wear rates calculated between one and ten years were all less than 0.005 mm/year, with no patient recording a proximal wear rate of more than 0.021 mm/year. Importantly, there was no increase in the wear rate between five and ten years. Conclusion The very low wear rate of X3 XLPE liners with larger articulations remains encouraging for the future clinical performance of this material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart A. Callary
- Centre for Orthopaedic and Trauma Research, The University of Adelaide and Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia
- Centre for Orthopaedic and Trauma Research, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia
| | - Deepti K. Sharma
- Centre for Orthopaedic and Trauma Research, The University of Adelaide and Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia
| | - Taisha M. D’Apollonio
- Centre for Orthopaedic and Trauma Research, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia
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13
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Collins AK, Sauder N, Nepple CM, Blackburn AZ, Prasad AK, Feder OI, Melnic CM, Bedair HS. Minimum 7-Year Follow-Up of Vitamin E-Diffused and Highly Cross-Linked Polyethylene Liners in Total Hip Arthroplasty: Findings From a Prospective, International, Multicenter Study of 977 Patients. J Arthroplasty 2023; 38:2373-2378. [PMID: 37207702 DOI: 10.1016/j.arth.2023.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin E-diffused highly cross-linked polyethylene (VEPE) acetabular liners for total hip arthroplasty (THA) have shown favorable results in small cohort studies. However, larger studies are warranted to compare its performance to highly cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) and demonstrate clinical significance in 10-year arthroplasty outcomes. This study compared acetabular liner wear and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) between patients treated with VEPE and XLPE liners in a prospective, international, multicenter study with minimum 7-year follow-up. METHODS A total of 977 patients (17 centers; 8 countries) were enrolled from 2007 to 2012. The centers were randomly assigned to implants. At 1-year, 3-year, 5-year, and 7-year postoperative visits, radiographs, PROMs, and incidence of revision were collected. Acetabular liner wear was calculated using computer-assisted vector analysis of serial radiographs. General health, disease progression, and treatment satisfaction reported by patients were scored using 5 validated surveys and compared using Mann-Whitney U tests. At 7 years, 75.4% of eligible patients submitted data. RESULTS The mean acetabular liner wear rate was -0.009 mm/y and 0.024 mm/y for the VEPE and XLPE group, respectively (P = .01). There were no statistically significant differences in PROMs. The overall revision incidence was 1.8% (n = 18). The revision incidence in VEPE and XLPE cohorts were 1.92% (n = 10) versus 1.75% (n = 8), respectively. CONCLUSION We found that VEPE acetabular liners in total hip arthroplasty led to no significant clinical difference in 7-year outcomes as measured by acetabular liner wear rate, PROMs, and revision rate. While VEPE liners showed less wear, the wear rate for both the VEPE and XLPE liners was below the threshold for osteolysis. Therefore, the difference in liner wear may indicate comparative clinical performance at 7 years, as further indicated by the lack of difference in PROMs and the low revision incidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin K Collins
- Harris Orthopaedic Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Nicholas Sauder
- Harris Orthopaedic Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Cecilia M Nepple
- Harris Orthopaedic Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Amy Z Blackburn
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Anoop K Prasad
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Oren I Feder
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Christopher M Melnic
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Hany S Bedair
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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14
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Borsinger TM, Chandi SK, Puri S, Debbi EM, Blevins JL, Chalmers BP. Total Hip Arthroplasty: An Update on Navigation, Robotics, and Contemporary Advancements. HSS J 2023; 19:478-485. [PMID: 37937097 PMCID: PMC10626925 DOI: 10.1177/15563316231193704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
While total hip arthroplasty (THA) remains effective for improvement of pain and function in patients with osteoarthritis and avascular necrosis, there remain areas of continued pursuit of excellence, including decreasing rates of dislocation, leg length discrepancy, implant loosening, and infection. This review article covers several bearing surfaces and articulations, computer-assisted navigation and robotic technology, and minimally invasive surgical approaches that have sought to improve such outcomes. Perhaps the most significant improvement to THA implant longevity has been the broad adoption of highly cross-linked polyethylene, with low wear rates. Similarly, navigation and robotic technology has proven to more reproducibly achieve intraoperative component positioning, which has demonstrated clinical benefit with decreased risk of dislocation in a number of studies. Given the projected increase in THA over the coming decades, continued investigation of effective incorporation of technology, soft tissue-sparing approaches, and durable implants is imperative to continued pursuit of improved outcomes in THA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy M Borsinger
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Adult Reconstruction and Joint Replacement, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sonia K Chandi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Adult Reconstruction and Joint Replacement, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
| | - Simarjeet Puri
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Adult Reconstruction and Joint Replacement, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
| | - Eytan M Debbi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Adult Reconstruction and Joint Replacement, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jason L Blevins
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Adult Reconstruction and Joint Replacement, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
| | - Brian P Chalmers
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Adult Reconstruction and Joint Replacement, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
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15
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Deans CF, Buckner BC, Garvin KL. Wear, Osteolysis, and Aseptic Loosening Following Total Hip Arthroplasty in Young Patients with Highly Cross-Linked Polyethylene: A Review of Studies with a Follow-Up of over 15 Years. J Clin Med 2023; 12:6615. [PMID: 37892754 PMCID: PMC10607435 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12206615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Total hip arthroplasty (THA) has in recent years trended toward a younger, more physically demanding patient population. Mid- to long-term studies of all ages of THA patients using highly cross-linked polyethylene (HXLPE) have been favorable, but concerns about its long-term failure and wear-related complications remain for young THA patients. In this narrative review, a search of the PubMed/MEDLINE and Cochrane databases was performed, and we identified six studies with a minimum 15-year follow-up of HXLPE with various femoral head materials. Wear-related revisions were exceedingly low for patients under the age of 55, with variable reports of non-clinically significant osteolysis. Higher activity levels, a larger femoral head size, and femoral head material were not associated with greater long-term wear rates. Young THA with metal or ceramic on HXLPE is exceedingly durable with favorable outcomes at follow-ups of over 15 years.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kevin L. Garvin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery & Rehabilitation, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985640 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
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16
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El-Sahoury JAN, Kjærgaard K, Ovesen O, Hofbauer C, Overgaard S, Ding M. Vitamin E-diffused liners show less head penetration than cross-linked polyethylene liners in total hip arthroplasty: a ten-year multi-arm randomized trial. Bone Joint J 2023; 105-B:1052-1059. [PMID: 37777211 DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.105b10.bjj-2023-0115.r1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Aims The primary outcome was investigating differences in wear, as measured by femoral head penetration, between cross-linked vitamin E-diffused polyethylene (vE-PE) and cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) acetabular component liners and between 32 and 36 mm head sizes at the ten-year follow-up. Secondary outcomes included acetabular component migration and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) such as the EuroQol five-dimension questionnaire, 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey, Harris Hip Score, and University of California, Los Angeles Activity Scale (UCLA). Methods A single-blinded, multi-arm, 2 × 2 factorial randomized controlled trial was undertaken. Patients were recruited between May 2009 and April 2011. Radiostereometric analyses (RSAs) were performed from baseline to ten years. Of the 220 eligible patients, 116 underwent randomization, and 82 remained at the ten-year follow-up. Eligible patients were randomized into one of four interventions: vE-PE acetabular liner with either 32 or 36 mm femoral head, and XLPE acetabular liner with either 32 or 36 mm femoral head. Parameters were otherwise identical except for acetabular liner material and femoral head size. Results A total of 116 patients participated, of whom 77 were male. The median ages of the vE-PE 32 mm and 36 mm groups were 65 (interquartile range (IQR) 57 to 67) and 63 years (IQR 56 to 66), respectively, and of the XLPE 32 mm and 36 mm groups were 64 (IQR 58 to 66) and 61 years (IQR 54 to 66), respectively. Mean total head penetration was significantly lower into vE-PE acetabular liner groups than into XLPE acetabular liner groups (-0.219 mm (95% confidence interval -0.348 to -0.090); p = 0.001). There were no differences in wear according to head size, acetabular component migration, or PROMs, except for UCLA. There were no cases of aseptic loosening or failures requiring revision at long-term follow-up. Conclusion Significantly lower wear was observed in vE-PE acetabular liners than in XLPE acetabular liners. No difference in wear was observed between different head size or PROMs except for the UCLA at ten years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A N El-Sahoury
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, and Department of Clinical Research, Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Odense University Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Kristian Kjærgaard
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, and Department of Clinical Research, Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Odense University Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Ole Ovesen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, and Department of Clinical Research, Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Odense University Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | | | - Søren Overgaard
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery & Traumatology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ming Ding
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, and Department of Clinical Research, Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Odense University Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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17
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Youngman TR, Verhotz D, Layon D, Parilla F, Pashos G, Thornton T, Bendich I, Clohisy JC. Mean 16-Year Results of Total Hip Arthroplasty with Alumina Ceramic Femoral Heads on Highly Cross-Linked Polyethylene in Patients 50 Years or Less. J Arthroplasty 2023:S0883-5403(23)00397-2. [PMID: 37105332 DOI: 10.1016/j.arth.2023.04.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Highly cross-linked polyethylene (HXLPE) is a widely used bearing surface in total hip arthroplasty (THA); long-term results in young patients are limited. We previously demonstrated excellent results in HXPLE on cobalt-chrome femoral heads at 15-year mean follow-up. The purpose of the present study was to investigate polyethylene wear rates, implant survivorships, wear-related revisions, and patient-reported outcomes (PROs) in a young patient cohort who had alumina ceramic on HXPLE coupling at an average 16-year follow-up. METHODS This was a retrospective study of 128 hips who underwent THA with HXLPE on alumina ceramic bearings between March 1, 2004, and April 15, 2007. Patient mean age was 38 years (range, 13 to 50). All THAs utilized HXPLE liners with alumina ceramic heads. The University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) Activity Score and modified Harris Hip Scores (mHHS) were collected pre-operatively and at each follow-up. Martell Hip Analysis Suite was used for wear calculations. RESULTS At average 16 years (range, 13 to 18), aseptic revision survivorship was 93.3% and osteolysis/wear survivorship was 99.2%. The mean linear wear rate was 0.0191 millimeters (mm)/year and mean volumetric wear rate was 19.43 mm3/year, both of which were clinically undetectable. We observed excellent patient reported outcomes with a significant increase in mean mHHS (43.6 to 87.4, P <0.0001) and UCLA Activity Scores (4.0 to 6.0, P <0.0001). There were no statistically significant differences in PROs or wear rates between ceramic and cobalt-chrome groups. CONCLUSION At mean 16-year follow-up, young patients who had HXLPE on ceramic coupling had excellent wear properties, PROs, and acceptable survivorships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler R Youngman
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, St. Louis, Missouri
| | | | - Daniel Layon
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Frank Parilla
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Gail Pashos
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Tanner Thornton
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Ilya Bendich
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - John C Clohisy
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, St. Louis, Missouri.
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18
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Krull P, Steinbrück A, Grimberg AW, Melsheimer O, Morlock MM, Perka C. [Standard and special liner in primary hip arthroplasty : Current study and survey results from the German Arthroplasty Registry (EPRD)]. ORTHOPADIE (HEIDELBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 52:222-232. [PMID: 36635446 DOI: 10.1007/s00132-022-04333-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Instability constitutes the main reason for revision hip arthroplasties. Modified polyethylene liners are designed to improve the stability of a hip replacement. In July 2022 The Bone & Joint Journal published a study with data of the German Arthroplasty Registry (EPRD). The study investigated mechanical failure of standard and modified liner designs in primary, cementless total hip arthroplasty. Following the study, the EPRD conducted a survey of German clinics to research the utilization of lipped liners in primary total hip replacement. METHODS The liner study included 151,096 primary, elective, cementless total hip arthroplasties. Data from November 2012 to November 2020 were obtained from the EPRD. Standard polyethylene liners were compared with lipped, angulated, offset and angulated/offset inlays. Cumulative incidences for endpoint revision due to mechanical complication were calculated with a competing risk analysis. The influence of other variables was investigated with a multivariate Cox regression. In the following online survey, 237 out of 789 hospitals completed a form. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION In our analysis, only offset liners were, compared to standard liners, associated with a reduced risk of mechanical failure in a short to medium follow up. However, the resultant joint reaction force is increased with offset liners due to the lateralization of the hip center of rotation. Thus, the long-term performance of offset liners needs to be observed. Our survey indicated that lipped liners were implanted more often if the posterior approach was used. Moreover, lipped liners were mostly positioned with the elevated rim in the biomechanically less optimal posterior-superior quadrant. To improve stability it is suggested to position the elevated rim in the posterior-inferior quadrant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Krull
- Endoprothesenregister Deutschland (EPRD gGmbH), Str. des 17. Juni 106-108, 10623, Berlin, Deutschland. .,Centrum für Muskuloskeletale Chirurgie (CMSC), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Deutschland.
| | - Arnd Steinbrück
- Endoprothesenregister Deutschland (EPRD gGmbH), Str. des 17. Juni 106-108, 10623, Berlin, Deutschland.,Orthopädisch Chirurgisches Kompetenzzentrum Augsburg (OCKA), Vinzenz-von-Paul-Platz 1, 86152, Augsburg, Deutschland
| | - Alexander W Grimberg
- Endoprothesenregister Deutschland (EPRD gGmbH), Str. des 17. Juni 106-108, 10623, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - Oliver Melsheimer
- Endoprothesenregister Deutschland (EPRD gGmbH), Str. des 17. Juni 106-108, 10623, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - Michael M Morlock
- Technische Universität Hamburg (TUHH), Am Schwarzenberg-Campus 1, 21073, Hamburg, Deutschland
| | - Carsten Perka
- Centrum für Muskuloskeletale Chirurgie (CMSC), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Deutschland
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19
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[Particle disease and its effects on periarticular tissue]. ORTHOPADIE (HEIDELBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 52:196-205. [PMID: 36867226 DOI: 10.1007/s00132-023-04348-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Particle disease is the condition caused by wear debris on surrounding tissues and influences the well-being of arthroplasty patients. This condition is multifactorial due to the type of bearing couple, head size and implant position. Subsequent periprosthetic osteolysis and soft tissue reactions, can lead to revision THA surgery. The periprosthetic synovial membrane (synovial-like interface membrane, SLIM) is used in diagnostics when the cause of implant failure is uncertain. Detailed analysis of synovial fluid and bone marrow could improve the diagnostic procedure and strengthen the cases for revision surgery and the underlying biology. A large number of research approaches on this topic have evolved and continue to be utilized in the clinic.
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20
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Ishida T, Tateiwa T, Takahashi Y, Masaoka T, Shishido T, Yamamoto K. Do polyethylene wear particles affect the development of pseudotumor in total hip arthroplasty? A minimum 15-year follow-up. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:147. [PMID: 36849999 PMCID: PMC9972701 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-03634-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adverse local tissue reactions have been problematic as an implant-related complication in total hip arthroplasty (THA). Despite the absence of significant metal wear and corrosion, granulomatous pseudotumor has been reported to be caused by polyethylene wear. We performed a long-term follow-up study investigating the relationship between polyethylene wear and pseudotumor formation in THA. METHODS This study included 57 patients (64 hips) that underwent primary THA with metal-on-polyethylene or ceramic-on-polyethylene bearing over a minimum follow-up of 15 years. They were stratified into pseudotumor and non-pseudotumor groups and their linear wear rates of polyethylene liner and serum cobalt (Co) and chromium (Cr) ion levels were compared. Pseudotumor was diagnosed on metal artifact reduction sequence-MRI according to its composition and wall thickness using the Hauptfleisch classification. RESULTS The incidence of pseudotumor was 34% (22/64 hips) at the mean follow-up of 16.9 years. Metal ion levels did not differ between the pseudotumor and non-pseudotumor groups, and none of the patients exceeded the Co/Cr ratio of 2.0 μg/L. Moreover, the wear rate in the pseudotumor group was 1.8 times greater than in the non-pseudotumor group (0.14 vs. 0.08 mm/year, P < 0.001). According to an analysis of the receiver operating characteristic curves, the cutoff level of the wear rate to discriminate between pseudotumor and non-pseudotumor patients at 15 years was 0.11 mm/year (area under the curve = 91%; sensitivity = 95%; specificity = 78%; accuracy = 87%). CONCLUSIONS Our results might provide new insights into excessive polyethylene wear potentially leading to the future development of both pseudotumor and osteolysis. Further studies are needed to clarify the direct relationship between polyethylene wear and pseudotumor and the mutual effects of osteolysis and pseudotumor in particle reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsunehito Ishida
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan.
| | - Toshiyuki Tateiwa
- grid.410793.80000 0001 0663 3325Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 160-0023 Japan
| | - Yasuhito Takahashi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan. .,Department of Bone and Joint Biomaterial Research, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Toshinori Masaoka
- grid.410793.80000 0001 0663 3325Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 160-0023 Japan
| | - Takaaki Shishido
- grid.410793.80000 0001 0663 3325Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 160-0023 Japan
| | - Kengo Yamamoto
- grid.410793.80000 0001 0663 3325Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 160-0023 Japan
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21
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Modica F, Basile V, Surace R, Fassi I. Replication Study of Molded Micro-Textured Samples Made of Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene for Medical Applications. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:523. [PMID: 36984930 PMCID: PMC10051488 DOI: 10.3390/mi14030523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In articular joint implants, polymeric inserts are usually exploited for on-contact sliding surfaces to guarantee low friction and wear, a high load-bearing capacity, impact strength and stiffness, and biocompatibility. Surface micro-structuring can drastically reduce friction and wear by promoting hydrostatic friction due to synovial fluid. Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE) is a suitable material for these applications due to its strong chemical resistance, excellent resistance to stress, cracking, abrasion, and wear, and self-lubricating property. However, surface micro-texturing of UHMWPE is hardly achievable with the currently available processes. The present study investigates UHMWPE's micro-textured surface replication capability via injection molding, comparing the results with the more easily processable High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE). Four different micro-texture cavities were designed and fabricated on a steel mold by micro-EDM milling, and used for the experimental campaign. Complete samples were fabricated with both materials. Then, the mold and samples were geometrically characterized, considering the dimensions of the features and the texture layout. The replication analysis showed that HDPE samples present geometrical errors that span from 1% to 9% resulting in an average error of 4.3%. In comparison, the UHMWPE samples display a higher variability, although still acceptable, with percentage errors ranging from 2% to 31% and an average error of 11.4%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Modica
- CNR-STIIMA Institute of Intelligent Industrial Technologies and Systems for Advanced Manufacturing, Via P. Lembo, 38F, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Vito Basile
- CNR-STIIMA Institute of Intelligent Industrial Technologies and Systems for Advanced Manufacturing, Via P. Lembo, 38F, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Rossella Surace
- CNR-STIIMA Institute of Intelligent Industrial Technologies and Systems for Advanced Manufacturing, Via P. Lembo, 38F, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Irene Fassi
- CNR-STIIMA Institute of Intelligent Industrial Technologies and Systems for Advanced Manufacturing, Via A. Corti, 12, 20133 Milano, Italy
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22
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Yamamoto N, Takada R, Jinno T, Miyatake K, Watanabe N, Koga H, Yoshii T, Yagishita K, Okawa A. Wear rate and osteolysis in two types of second-generation annealed highly cross-linked polyethylene in total hip arthroplasty: A retrospective comparative study with a minimum of five years. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2023; 109:103147. [PMID: 34793945 DOI: 10.1016/j.otsr.2021.103147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As no previous study has directly compared the linear wear rate in two types of second-generation annealed highly cross-linked polyethylene, we performed a retrospective study with a minimum of 5-year follow-up to assess primary arthroplasties in the (1) wear rates and (2) incidence of osteolysis of the two types of HXLPE. HYPOTHESIS There was no significant difference in the linear wear rate and the incidence of osteolysis between the two types of second-generation annealed highly cross-linked polyethylene. PATIENTS AND METHODS In this single-center study, we reviewed 257 cases of primary cementless total hip arthroplasties between 2011 and 2015, which were performed with 32mm delta ceramic on second-generation annealed highly cross-linked polyethylene (X3 and E1 were used in 105 and 103 cases, respectively.). The mean wear rate was evaluated using a computer-assisted method, and the incidence of osteolysis was evaluated based on the appearance of a localized area with loss of trabecular bone or cortical erosion adjacent to the implants during the latest follow-up. RESULTS In total, we evaluated 208 cases, followed postoperatively for over 5 years (mean, 6.1 years, range: 5.0-8.0). There were no significant differences between the two groups with respect to age (list in order of Group X, Group E, p value) (61.2±12.3, 62.7±12.1, p=0.36), sex (ratio of male: 17.1%, 14.6%, p=0.61), body mass index (22.9±3.7, 22.8±4.0, p=0.91), pre- (49.9±14.8, 48.5±13.8, p=0.49) and post-operative (91.3±9.1, 92.7±7.0, p=0.23) Japanese Orthopaedic Association Hip Score, cup size (50.8±3.0, 50.9±2.2, p=0.70), cup inclination (38.7±4.8, 37.6±4.8, p=0.10), and cup anteversion (18.7±6.9, 18.5±7.6, p=0.80). The mean linear wear rates of the X3 and E1 groups were 0.057±0.039 (range: 0-0.16) and 0.054±0.037mm/year (range: 0-0.15), respectively (p=0.61). No osteolysis was found on the final plain radiographs in both groups. DISCUSSION This study revealed that both types of highly cross-linked polyethylene have excellent linear wear rates and were equally safe to use. However, the difference between the two materials in terms of the long-term wear rate should be further validated. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE III; retrospective case control study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Yamamoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Medical Hospital, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, 113-8519 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryohei Takada
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Medical Hospital, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, 113-8519 Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Tetsuya Jinno
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Medical Hospital, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, 113-8519 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Miyatake
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Medical Hospital, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, 113-8519 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoto Watanabe
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Medical Hospital, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, 113-8519 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Koga
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Medical Hospital, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, 113-8519 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshitaka Yoshii
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Medical Hospital, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, 113-8519 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Yagishita
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Medical Hospital, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, 113-8519 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Okawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Medical Hospital, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, 113-8519 Tokyo, Japan
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23
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Alnaser IA, Abdo HS, Abdo MS, Alkalla M, Fouly A. Effect of Synthesized Titanium Dioxide Nanofibers Weight Fraction on the Tribological Characteristics of Magnesium Nanocomposites Used in Biomedical Applications. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:294. [PMID: 36678046 PMCID: PMC9864214 DOI: 10.3390/nano13020294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Biomedical applications, such as artificial implants, are very significant for the disabled due to their usage in orthopedics. Nevertheless, available materials in such applications have insufficient mechanical and tribological properties. The current study investigated the mechanical and tribological properties of a biomedical metallic material, magnesium (Mg), after incorporating titanium dioxide nanofibers (TiO2) with different loading fractions. The TiO2 nanofibers were synthesized using the electrospinning technique. The ball-milling technique was utilized to ensure the homogenous distribution of TiO2 nanofibers inside the Mg matrix. Then, samples of the mixed powder with different loading fractions of TiO2 nanofibers, 0, 1, 3, 5, and 10 wt.%, were fabricated using a high-frequency induction heat sintering technique. The physicomechanical and tribological properties of the produced Mg/TiO2 nanocomposites were evaluated experimentally. Results showed an enhancement in mechanical properties and wear resistance accompanied by an increase in the weight fraction of TiO2 nanofibers up to 5%. A finite element model was built to assess the load-carrying capacity of the Mg/TiO2 composite to estimate different contact stresses during the frictional process. The finite element results showed an agreement with the experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim A. Alnaser
- Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hany S. Abdo
- Mechanical Design and Materials Department, Faculty of Energy Engineering, Aswan University, Aswan 81521, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S. Abdo
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Alkalla
- Mechatronics Engineering and Intelligent Machines, School of Engineering, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, UK
- Production Engineering and Mechanical Design Department, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Fouly
- Department of Production Engineering and Mechanical Design, Faculty of Engineering, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
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24
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Fransen BL, Bengoa FJ, Neufeld ME, Sheridan GA, Garbuz DS, Howard LC. Thin highly cross-linked polyethylene liners combined with large femoral heads in primary total hip arthroplasty show excellent survival and low wear rates at a mean follow-up of 12.8 years. Bone Joint J 2023; 105-B:29-34. [PMID: 36587249 DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.105b1.bjj-2022-0812.r1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Several short- and mid-term studies have shown minimal liner wear of highly cross-linked polyethylene (HXLPE) in total hip arthroplasty (THA), but the safety of using thinner HXLPE liners to maximize femoral head size remains uncertain. The objective of this study was to analyze clinical survival and radiological wear rates of patients with HXLPE liners, a 36 mm femoral head, and a small acetabular component with a minimum of ten years' follow-up. METHODS We retrospectively identified 55 patients who underwent primary THA performed at a single centre, using HXLPE liners with 36 mm cobalt-chrome heads in acetabular components with an outer diameter of 52 mm or smaller. Patient demographic details, implant details, death, and all-cause revisions were recorded. Cox regression and Kaplan-Meier survival was used to determine all-cause and liner-specific revision. Of these 55 patients, 22 had a minimum radiological follow-up of seven years and were assessed radiologically for linear and volumetric wear. RESULTS Overall survival rate for all-cause revision was 94.5% (95% confidence interval (CI) 81.7% to 97.2%) at a mean follow-up of 12.8 years (10.9 to 18.7). Three patients were revised, none for liner wear, fracture, or dissociation. A total of 22 patients were included in the radiological analysis (mean follow-up 9.9 years (7.5 to 13.7)). Mean linear liner wear was 0.085 mm (95% CI -0.086 to 0.257) and the volumetric wear rate was 11.097 mm3/year (95% CI -6.5 to 28.7). CONCLUSION Using HXLPE liners with 36 mm heads in 52 mm acetabular components or smaller is safe, with excellent survival and low rates of linear and volumetric wear at medium-term follow-up. Patients did not require revision surgery for liner complications such as fracture, dissociation, or wear. Our results suggest that the advantages of using larger heads outweigh the potential risks of using thin HXLPE liners.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2023;105-B(1):29-34.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bas L Fransen
- Department of Orthopaedics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Francisco J Bengoa
- Department of Orthopaedics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Michael E Neufeld
- Department of Orthopaedics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Gerard A Sheridan
- Department of Orthopaedics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Donald S Garbuz
- Department of Orthopaedics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Lisa C Howard
- Department of Orthopaedics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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25
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Min Lee J, Baek SH, Soo Lee Y. Vital protocols for PolyWare™ measurement reliability and accuracy. Front Surg 2022; 9:997848. [PMID: 36632526 PMCID: PMC9826794 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.997848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and objective PolyWare™ software (PW) has been exclusively used in the majority of polyethylene wear studies of total hip arthroplasty (THA). PW measurements can be significantly inaccurate and unrepeatable, depending on imaging conditions or subjective manipulation choices. In this regard, this study aims to shed light on the conditions needed to achieve the best accuracy and reliability of PW measurements. Methods The experiment looked at how PW fluctuated based on several measurement conditions. x-ray images of in-vitro THA prostheses were acquired under a clinical x-ray scanning condition. A linear wear rate of 6.67 mm was simulated in combination with an acetabular lateral inclination of 36.6° and anteversion of 9.0°. Results Among all the imported x-ray images, those with a resolution of 1,076 × 1,076 exhibited the best standard deviation in wear measurements as small as 0.01 mm and the lowest frequencies of blurriness. The edge detection area specified as non-square and off the femoral head center exhibited the most blurriness. The x-ray image that scans a femoral head eccentrically placed by 15 cm superior to the x-ray beam center led to a maximum acetabular anteversion measurement error of 5.3°. Conclusion Because PW has been the only polyethylene wear measurement tool used, identifying its sources of error and devising a countermeasure are of the utmost importance. The results call for PW users to observe the following measurement protocols: (1) the original x-ray image must be a 1,076 × 1,076 square; (2) the edge detection area must be specified as a square with edge lengths of 5 times the diameter of the femoral head, centered at the femoral head center; and (3) the femoral head center or acetabular center must be positioned as close to the center line of the x-ray beam as possible when scanning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Min Lee
- Department of BioMedical Engineering, School of BioMedical Science, Daegu Catholic University, Gyungbuk, South Korea
| | - Seung-Hoon Baek
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea,Correspondence: Yeon Soo Lee Seung-Hoon Baek
| | - Yeon Soo Lee
- Department of BioMedical Engineering, School of BioMedical Science, Daegu Catholic University, Gyungbuk, South Korea,Correspondence: Yeon Soo Lee Seung-Hoon Baek
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26
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Spece H, Yarbrough RV, Kurtz SM. In Vivo Performance of Vitamin E Stabilized Polyethylene Implants for Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Review. J Arthroplasty 2022; 38:970-979. [PMID: 36481286 DOI: 10.1016/j.arth.2022.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin E stabilization was introduced to improve the oxidative stability, wear resistance, and mechanical properties of highly crosslinked polyethylene (HXLPE). In this literature review, we asked: (1) How has vitamin E-stabilized HXLPE (VEPE) performed in vivo for total hip arthroplasty (THA) and how does it compare with conventional ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) and HXLPE without vitamin E; and (2) Is there an apparent difference in the clinical performance of VEPE created by blending versus diffusion? METHODS We performed a systematic search of the literature according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines using PubMed and Embase. Included studies reported the in vivo behavior of VEPE in THA. We reviewed 41 studies. RESULTS For all studies that compared polyethylene with and without VE stabilization, outcomes for VEPE were either equivalent or superior to the control group (for HXLPE without VE and conventional UHMWPE controls, respectively). Hip insert wear rates were generally less than 0.1 mm/year and in most cases were less than 0.05 mm/year. No VEPE components were revised for osteolysis or adverse outcomes specific to VE incorporation. CONCLUSION Across the literature, we found that VEPE was reported to be clinically effective for THA applications, with much of the research indicating positive clinical outcomes and lower or equivalent wear rates compared to conventional UHMWPE and HXLPE controls without VE. Instances of early component fracture were reported, but have multiple potential causes. There is a gap in the literature for comparison of blended and diffused components, so the in vivo impact of VE incorporation method remains to be seen. Overall, this study provides a comprehensive summary of VEPE clinical performance for THA and may serve as a resource for future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Spece
- Implant Research Core, School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA; Gyroid, LLC, Haddonfield, NJ
| | | | - Steven M Kurtz
- Implant Research Core, School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA; Gyroid, LLC, Haddonfield, NJ
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27
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Spir IAZ, Anzai A, Utino A, Katayama H, Tosello G, Nery MM, Anhesini M, Tiezzi OS, Otani P, Bernardo WM. Comparison between ceramic-on-polyethylene versus metal-on-polyethylene prostheses in Total Hip Arthroplasties: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) 2022; 68:1611-1618. [PMID: 36477100 PMCID: PMC9779979 DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.022d6812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The Guidelines Project, an initiative of the Brazilian Medical Association, aims to combine information from the medical field to standardize how to conduct, and to assist in the reasoning and decision-making of doctors. The information provided by this project must be critically evaluated by the physician responsible for the conduct that will be adopted, depending on the conditions and the clinical condition of each patient.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adriano Anzai
- Unimed, Evidence-Based Medicine Center – Presidente Prudente (SP), Brazil
| | - Armelim Utino
- Unimed, Evidence-Based Medicine Center – Presidente Prudente (SP), Brazil
| | - Haroldo Katayama
- Unimed, Evidence-Based Medicine Center – Presidente Prudente (SP), Brazil
| | - Giuliano Tosello
- Unimed, Evidence-Based Medicine Center – Presidente Prudente (SP), Brazil
| | - Mary Martins Nery
- Unimed, Evidence-Based Medicine Center – Presidente Prudente (SP), Brazil
| | - Mauricio Anhesini
- Unimed, Evidence-Based Medicine Center – Presidente Prudente (SP), Brazil
| | | | - Pericles Otani
- Unimed, Evidence-Based Medicine Center – Presidente Prudente (SP), Brazil
| | - Wanderley Marques Bernardo
- Federação das Unimeds do Estado de São Paulo, Federal Council of Medicine – São Paulo (SP), Brazil.,Corresponding author:
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28
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Otten V, Wästerlund D, Lindbjörn J, Mertens C, Mukka S, Crnalic S, Nilsson KG. Evaluation of a new cemented highly cross-linked all-polyethylene cup: a prospective and randomised study assessing wear and fixation characteristics using radiostereometric analysis. Hip Int 2022; 32:779-786. [PMID: 33566703 PMCID: PMC9726741 DOI: 10.1177/1120700021989991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The aim of this prospective, randomised and controlled study was to evaluate the wear and fixation properties of a new cemented highly cross-linked all-polyethylene (HXLPE) cup in comparison with a conventional cemented ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (ConvPE) cup using radiostereometric analysis (RSA). PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 58 patients (58 hips) with primary osteoarthritis (OA) were enrolled in a randomised controlled trial to receive either a ConvPE cup (control) or HXLPE cup (intervention) with identical geometry. The subjects were randomised in a 1:1 ratio. The primary endpoint was proximal wear measured as femoral head penetration into the cup, secondary outcomes were 3D-wear and annual proximal wear from 1 to 5 years. Cup fixation was measured as movement of the cup in relation to the acetabular bone with proximal migration being the primary outcome measure, 3D-migration and change in inclination as secondary outcomes. The patients were followed for 5 years with RSA performed postoperatively, at 3, 12, 24, and 60 months. RESULTS The HXLPE displayed a lower median proximal femoral head penetration compared to ConvPE, with a median difference at 2 years of -0.07 mm (95% CI, -0.10 to -0.04 mm), and -0.19 mm (95% CI, -0.27 to -0.15 mm) at 5 years. Annual proximal wear between 1 and 5 years was 0.03 mm/year for HXLPE and 0.06 mm/year for ConvPE (mean difference 0.05 mm, [95% CI, 0.03-0.07 mm]). Proximal migration, 3D migration and change in inclination was numerically slightly higher for HXLPE, albeit not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS Compared to ConvPE, the HXLPE cup displayed significantly lower polyethylene wear. Cup migration was not statistically significant different. CLINICALTRIALS.GOV IDENTIFIER NCT04322799.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Kjell G Nilsson
- Kjell G Nilsson, Orthopaedics, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå 90185, Sweden.
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29
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Armbruster M, Paulus A. [Postoperative imaging of the hip]. RADIOLOGIE (HEIDELBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 62:862-869. [PMID: 35904572 DOI: 10.1007/s00117-022-01050-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
CLINICAL ISSUE To assess postoperative imaging of the hip joint regarding possible complications, it is indispensable to have in-depth knowledge of commonly used surgical techniques, access routes, and the implanted materials. STANDARD RADIOLOGICAL METHODS While radiography is used to evaluate the position of foreign material and to rule out periprosthetic fractures that have occurred intraoperatively, follow-up examinations might show signs of material failure, aseptic loosening, prosthesis infections, or the occurrence of heterotopic ossifications. If radiographic findings are ambiguous, computed tomography (CT) may be used to clarify findings, whereas magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is helpful to identify intra- and periarticular soft tissue pathologies such as surgery-associated cartilage and ligament damage, muscle insufficiency, or metallosis. METHODOLOGICAL INNOVATION AND EVALUATION To guide clinical decision making in common postoperative complications, various classification systems are available, e.g., for periprosthetic fractures, aseptic loosening, or heterotopic ossification. However, the differentiation between aseptic material loosening and septic endoprosthesis infection remains challenging if based on imaging alone. PRACTICAL RECOMMENDATIONS The assessment of postoperative hip imaging should be closely linked to the respective surgical technique and the implanted foreign material, whereby different probabilities of specific complications can be derived.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Armbruster
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Radiologie, LMU Klinikum München, Campus Großhadern, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, München, Deutschland.
| | - Alexander Paulus
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Orthopädie, Physikalische Medizin und Rehabilitation, LMU Klinikum, Campus Großhadern, München, Deutschland
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30
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Ruhr M, Baetz J, Pueschel K, Morlock MM. Influence of acetabular cup thickness on seating and primary stability in total hip arthroplasty. J Orthop Res 2022; 40:2139-2146. [PMID: 34855229 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Insufficient primary stability of acetabular hip cups is a complication resulting in early cup loosening. Available cup designs vary in terms of wall thickness, potentially affecting implant fixation. This study investigated the influence of different wall thicknesses on the implantation process and the resulting primary stability using excised human acetabula. Implantations were performed using a powered impaction device providing consistent energy with each stroke. Two different wall thicknesses were compared in terms of seating progress, polar gap remaining after implantation, bone-to-implant contact area, cup deflection, and lever out moment. Thin-walled cups showed higher lever out resistance (p < 0.001) and smaller polar gaps (p < 0.001) with larger bone contact toward the dome of the cup (p < 0.001) compared to thick-walled cups. Small seating steps at the end of the impaction process were observed if a high number of strokes were needed to seat the cup (p = 0.045). A high number of strokes led to a strain release of the cup during the final strokes (p = 0.003). This strain release is indicative for over-impaction of the cup associated with bone damage and reduced primary stability. Adequate cup seating can be achieved with thin-walled cups with lower energy input in comparison to thicker ones. Thin-walled cups showed improved primary stability and enable implantation with lower energy input, reducing the risk of over-impaction and bone damage. Additional strokes should be avoided as soon as no further seating progress has been observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Ruhr
- Institute of Biomechanics, Hamburg University of Technology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Johanna Baetz
- Institute of Biomechanics, Hamburg University of Technology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Klaus Pueschel
- Department of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michael M Morlock
- Institute of Biomechanics, Hamburg University of Technology, Hamburg, Germany
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31
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Salipas A, Poole AS, Teeter MG, Somerville LE, Naudie DD, McCalden RW. A Ten-Year Radiostereometric Analysis of Polyethylene Wear Between Oxidized Zirconium and Cobalt Chrome Articulations in Total Hip Arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty 2022; 37:S692-S696. [PMID: 35245689 DOI: 10.1016/j.arth.2022.02.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidized zirconium (OxZi) femoral heads combine the decreased abrasive properties of ceramics with the toughness of metal alloys to lower wear and increase the durability of total hip arthroplasty. The purpose of this study was to compare the 10-year polyethylene wear rates between OxZi/XLPE and cobalt chrome (CoCr)/XLPE articulations. METHODS A radiostereometric analysis (RSA) was performed on two cohorts of 23 patients who underwent total hip arthroplasty using either OxZi/XLPE or CoCr/XLPE at a minimum of 10-year follow-up. Cohorts were matched for age, gender, body mass index (BMI), and diagnosis. Polyethylene wear was measured using RSA to determine total and steady-state wear rates for both cohorts. Preoperative and postoperative patient-reported outcome measures (SF12, HHS, and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index scores) were compared. RESULTS The mean total head penetration rate was found to be statistically different between the entire cohorts (OxZi 0.048 ± 0.021 mm/y, CoCr 0.035 ± 0.017 mm/y, P = .02) but not when 28-mm heads only (OxZi 0.045 ± 0.016 mm/y, CoCr 0.034 ± 0.017 mm/y, P = .066) were directly compared. The mean steady-state wear rate was not significantly different between the entire cohorts (OxZi 0.031 ± 0.021 mm/y, CoCr 0.024 ± 0.019 mm/y, P = .24) or 28-mm head cohorts (OxZi 0.028 ± 0.019 mm/y, CoCr 0.024 ± 0.019 mm/y, P = .574). Outcome measures showed no statistical difference except for the Harris Hip Score where the OxZi cohort demonstrated higher median scores. CONCLUSION Using RSA to evaluate the 10-year in-vivo head penetration, there was no statistically significant difference in steady-state wear rates between OxZi and CoCr articulations. Both bearing combinations demonstrated wear rates well below the threshold for osteolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Salipas
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, London Health Sciences, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrew S Poole
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, London Health Sciences, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Matthew G Teeter
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, London Health Sciences, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lyndsay E Somerville
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, London Health Sciences, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Douglas D Naudie
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, London Health Sciences, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Richard W McCalden
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, London Health Sciences, London, Ontario, Canada
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32
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Sax OC, Douglas SJ, Chen Z, Mont MA, Nace J, Delanois RE. Low Wear at 10-Year Follow-Up of a Second-Generation Highly Cross-Linked Polyethylene in Total Hip Arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty 2022; 37:S592-S597. [PMID: 35210151 DOI: 10.1016/j.arth.2022.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Characterizations and factors influencing longer term performance of second-generation sequentially irradiated and annealed highly cross-linked polyethylene (HXLPE) are lacking. We evaluated patients who underwent total hip arthroplasty with HXLPE at mean 10-year follow-up for (1) linear and volumetric wear rates, (2) patient and implant characteristics, (3) implant survivorships, and (4) functional scores. METHODS We evaluated 130 hips (110 patients) that received HXLPE acetabular liners at a single center. The mean age was 56 years (range, 20-79 years), with a mean follow-up of 10 years (range, 8-15). Radiographic linear (millimeters/year) and volumetric (cubic millimeters/year) wear rates were quantified using radiographic analysis. Survivorship was assessed by all-cause and wear-related revision rates. Functional outcomes were assessed by Short Form 12 and modified Harris Hip Scores. RESULTS The mean linear wear rate was 0.02 ± 0.03 mm/y, and the mean volumetric wear rate was 12.6 ± 5.3 mm3/y. Younger age had higher volumetric wear (total and yearly, P = .01). Increasing body mass index trended toward higher total and yearly linear (both, P ≤ .09) and volumetric wear (both, P ≤ .07). Ten patients required revisions, with an all-cause survivorship of 92% and a wear survivorship of 100%. The mean modified Harris Hip Scores was 84, and the mean Short Form 12 scores were 46 (physical) and 55 (mental). CONCLUSION We observed low linear and volumetric wear rates for HXLPE at 10-year mean follow-up. Younger age and higher body mass index at the time of surgery may be important patient characteristics influencing long-term wear. These results illustrate the potential for this second-generation HXLPE to be an appropriate long-term total hip arthroplasty interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver C Sax
- Rubin Institute for Advanced Orthopedics, Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, Baltimore, MD
| | - Scott J Douglas
- Rubin Institute for Advanced Orthopedics, Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, Baltimore, MD
| | - Zhongming Chen
- Rubin Institute for Advanced Orthopedics, Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, Baltimore, MD
| | - Michael A Mont
- Rubin Institute for Advanced Orthopedics, Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, Baltimore, MD
| | - James Nace
- Rubin Institute for Advanced Orthopedics, Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, Baltimore, MD
| | - Ronald E Delanois
- Rubin Institute for Advanced Orthopedics, Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, Baltimore, MD
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Pairing 40-mm Femoral Heads With the Smallest Compatible Acetabular Components in Total Hip Arthroplasty: Mid-Term Outcomes in 177 Cases. J Arthroplasty 2022; 37:S582-S587. [PMID: 35256235 DOI: 10.1016/j.arth.2022.01.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Contemporary total hip arthroplasty (THA) often employs larger femoral heads to optimize hip stability. However, pairing 40-mm femoral heads with the smallest compatible acetabular components poses a potential risk for implant failure. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the outcomes of primary THAs using 40-mm femoral heads and the smallest compatible acetabular components. METHODS Between 2007 and 2018, 177 primary THAs involving 40-mm femoral heads and acetabular components ≤56 mm with highly cross-linked polyethylene liners were identified. Mean age was 61 years, 56% were females, and mean body mass index was 32 kg/m2. Cumulative incidences of dislocation, any revision, and any reoperation were determined utilizing a competing risk model. Osteolysis and femoral head penetration were assessed at minimum 8-year follow-up (n = 16). Mean follow-up was 6 years. RESULTS There were no cases of liner fractures or dissociations. The 10-year cumulative incidences of dislocation, any revision, and any reoperation were 3.6%, 4.2%, and 6.8%, respectively. Mean linear femoral head penetration was 0.01 mm/y and mean volumetric wear rate was 50 mm3/y. One THA demonstrated stable, asymptomatic periacetabular radiolucent lines at most recent follow-up. CONCLUSION In 177 primary THAs pairing 40-mm femoral heads with the smallest compatible acetabular components, there were no liner fractures or dissociations. The cumulative incidence of dislocation was modest at 10 years. The cumulative incidences of any revision and any reoperation were low at mid-term. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV.
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Revision Risk of Total Hip Arthroplasty With Vitamin E Doped Liners: Results From the Danish Hip Arthroplasty Register. J Arthroplasty 2022; 37:1136-1142. [PMID: 35149169 DOI: 10.1016/j.arth.2022.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin E-doped cross-linked polyethylene (VEPE) liners were introduced in total hip arthroplasty (THA) to reduce wear and risk of aseptic loosening and liner fracture. We report this nationwide population-based study to investigate the safety of VEPE liners for THA compared to cross-linked annealed or remelted polyethylene (XLPE). METHODS We included THAs from The Danish Hip Arthroplasty Register from January 1, 2008 to June 30, 2019, with uncemented cup, VEPE or XLPE liner, and metal or ceramic head. The outcome was revision due to (1) polyethylene-related endpoints (aseptic loosening, granuloma, osteolysis, or liner fractures) and (2) other endpoints. RESULTS A total of 110,803 THAs were assessed for eligibility and 53,842 THAs (46,645 patients) were included in the study: 5069 (9.4%) THAs with a VEPE liner and 48,773 (91.6%) with a XLPE liner. Median observation time was 5.48 (interquartile range 3.80-7.15) years for VEPE and 4.85 (interquartile range 2.68-7.76) for XLPE. VEPE had a lower risk of revision for polyethylene-related endpoints compared to XLPE (hazard ratio [HR] 0.60, 95% confidence interval 0.36-0.98) during complete follow-up. THAs with VEPE liners were associated with increased risk of any revision within the first 3 months (HR 1.62, 1.36-1.94), revision recorded as aseptic loosening within 3 months (HR 4.46, 2.26-8.80), and periprosthetic fracture within 3 months (HR 2.57, 1.98, 3.33). CONCLUSION VEPE liners had a lower risk of revision due to polyethylene-related endpoints, but a higher risk of all-cause revision within 3 months.
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Tateiwa T, Affatato S, Takahashi Y, Shishido T, Pezzotti G, Yamamoto K. To what extent could the acetabular liner thickness be reduced yet remaining tribologically acceptable in metal-on-vitamin E-diffused crosslinked polyethylene hip arthroplasty? J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2022; 110:2299-2309. [PMID: 35524679 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.35078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate how much reduction in acetabular liner thickness could be tribologically acceptable in metal-on-vitamin-E diffused highly crosslinked ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (Vit-E XLPE) bearings for total hip arthroplasty. We tested thick- (10.3 mm), moderate- (6.3 mm), and thin- (4.3 mm) Vit-E XLPE liners coupled with 28-mm cobalt-chromium femoral heads on a hip simulator to 5 million cycles, and peak contact stress was predicted based on mathematical modeling. Wear damage was also evaluated in terms of surface topology and morphology. Wear simulation demonstrated that the 2-4 mm thickness reduction (6.3 → 4.3 mm and 10.3 → 6.3 mm) did not significantly affect the wear rate for Vit-E XLPE liner, whereas 6-mm reduction (10.3 → 4.3 mm) significantly increased liner wear (by 309%) and head roughness (by 415%). This effect was attributed to a contact stress increase (by 24-41%). However, the wear rates for all thicknesses tested were much lower than those previously reported for thicker non-crosslinked materials. The original crystalline morphology was maintained in all liners after wear. Our results suggest that the 2-4 mm thickness reduction may be tribologically acceptable in Vit-E XLPE liners. However, more severe and longer term simulations are necessary to determine a minimum acceptable thickness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiyuki Tateiwa
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Saverio Affatato
- Laboratorio di Tecnologia Medica, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Yasuhito Takahashi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Bone and Joint Biomaterial Research, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takaaki Shishido
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Giuseppe Pezzotti
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.,Ceramic Physics Laboratory, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kengo Yamamoto
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
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Skjöldebrand C, Tipper JL, Hatto P, Bryant M, Hall RM, Persson C. Current status and future potential of wear-resistant coatings and articulating surfaces for hip and knee implants. Mater Today Bio 2022; 15:100270. [PMID: 35601891 PMCID: PMC9118168 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 10/29/2022] Open
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Tanaka S, Ito H. Wear of a Highly Cross-Linked Polyethylene Liner of the Acetabular Component Placed With Excessive Acetabular Inclination. Orthopedics 2022; 45:e96-e100. [PMID: 35021024 DOI: 10.3928/01477447-20220105-05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Few studies have investigated the influence of excessive acetabular inclination during total hip arthroplasty (THA) on the wear of highly cross-linked polyethylene (HXLPE). The goal of this study was to determine whether excessive acetabular inclination during THA causes prominent wear of the HXLPE liner. We retrospectively evaluated 62 hips of 54 women and 8 men who underwent primary THA with an HXLPE liner between January 2006 and September 2011. Postoperative anteroposterior pelvic radiographs were used to measure acetabular inclination and analyze polyethylene wear. Patients were divided into the following groups: the excessive acetabular inclination group (acetabular inclination angle ≥50°; n=20) and the control group (acetabular inclination angle <50°; n=42). Clinical information and imaging findings were compared and examined between the 2 groups. Further, we evaluated the correlation between the acetabular inclination angle and the polyethylene wear rate. In all cases, mean follow-up duration was 6.3 years. The annual liner wear was 0.00446 and 0.0254 mm/y in the control and excessive acetabular inclination groups, respectively. The excessive acetabular inclination group had significantly higher polyethylene liner wear compared with the control group (P=.00991). A weak correlation was seen between acetabular inclination angle and polyethylene wear rate in all cases (Spearman's rank correlation, r=0.283, P=.0258). Excessive acetabular inclination may increase HXLPE liner wear in the long term. [Orthopedics. 2022;45(2):e96-e100.].
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Borm PJ. The parallels between particle induced lung overload and particle induced periprosthetic osteolysis (PPOL). OPEN RESEARCH EUROPE 2022; 1:16. [PMID: 37645132 PMCID: PMC10445866 DOI: 10.12688/openreseurope.13264.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Background: When particles deposit for instance in the lung after inhalation or in the hip joint after local release from a hip implant material they can initiate a defense response. Even though these particles originate from inert materials such as polyethylene (PE) or titanium, they may cause harm when reaching high local doses and overwhelming local defense mechanisms. Main body: This paper describes the parallels between adverse outcome pathways (AOP) and particle properties in lung overload and periprosthetic osteolysis (PPOL). It is noted that in both outcomes in different organs , the macrophage and cytokine orchestrated persistent inflammation is the common driver of events, in the bone leading to loss of bone density and structure, and in the lung leading to fibrosis and cancer. Most evidence on lung overload and its AOP is derived from chronic inhalation studies in rats, and the relevance to man is questioned. In PPOL, the paradigms and metrics are based on human clinical data, with additional insights generated from in vitro and animal studies. In both organ pathologies the total volume of particle deposition has been used to set threshold values for the onset of pathological alterations. The estimated clinical threshold for PPOL of 130 mg/ml is much higher than the amount to cause lung overload in the rat (10 mg/ml),although the threshold in PPOL is not necessarily synonymous to particle overload. Conclusions: The paradigms developed in two very different areas of particle response in the human body have major similarities in their AOP. Connecting the clinical evidence in PPOL to lung overload challenges relevance of rat inhalation studies to the human lung cancer hazard. .
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J.A. Borm
- Nanoconsult, Meerssen, The Netherlands
- University of Dusseldorf, Dusseldorf, 50224, Germany
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39
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Campbell DG, Callary SA. Highly Crosslinked Polyethylene Liners Have Negligible Wear at 10 Years: A Radiostereometric Analysis Study. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2022; 480:485-491. [PMID: 34596603 PMCID: PMC8846270 DOI: 10.1097/corr.0000000000002002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The introduction of crosslinked ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (XLPE) acetabular liners has been very successful, with decreased wear and reduction in the rates of revision hip arthroplasties. XLPE is the preferred articulation for most surgeons; however, there are concerns about the long-term performance of XLPE liners created with different manufacturing processes, which may lead to time-dependent failure, including accelerated wear, after several years. QUESTIONS/PURPOSES (1) What is the amount and rate of wear during the first 10 years using radiostereometric analysis (RSA) measurements of patients who had THAs that included a second-generation XLPE bearing? (2) Does the rate of wear change after 5 years in situ? METHODS This is a brief follow-up of a previous RSA study. In that study, we prospectively enrolled 21 patients with osteoarthritis who underwent primary cementless THA with an XLPE acetabular liner (three cycles of 3Mrad annealed) and 32-mm articulation. That group represented 44% of the 48 THAs performed by the surgeon at the hospital where RSA was available; 16 had cemented hips, leaving 32 who were invited to participate in this study. Of those, 11 lived rurally and declined to participate, leaving 21 patients who were included in the initial study. Since then, three patients died, one developed dementia and could not participate, and one had revision THA for reasons other than wear, leaving 16 patients available for analysis at 10 years. Tantalum markers were inserted during surgery, and all patients had RSA radiographs taken at 1 week, 6 months, and 1, 2, 5, and 10 years postoperatively. Femoral head penetration into the acetabular component was measured with RSA, including bedding-in during the first year and annual wear thereafter. RESULTS The median medial, proximal, anterior, two-dimensional (2D), and three-dimensional (3D) wear rates between 1 and 10 years were -0.001, 0.004, -0.012, 0.000, and 0.002 mm/year, respectively. No patient in this cohort had a proximal or 2D wear rate greater than 0.025 mm/year. The median proximal wear rate between 5 and 10 years (0.002 mm/year) was not greater than wear at 1 to 5 years (0.004 mm/year). CONCLUSION Femoral head penetration in this second-generation XLPE liner remained very low at 10 years and accelerated wear after 5 years in situ did not occur. Concerns about late-onset wear from oxidation of irradiated-annealed XLPE were not observed. The low level of wear remains encouraging for the future clinical performance of this material. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level II, therapeutic study.
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Affiliation(s)
- David G. Campbell
- Wakefield Orthopaedic Clinic, Adelaide, Australia
- Centre for Orthopaedic and Trauma Research, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Stuart A. Callary
- Centre for Orthopaedic and Trauma Research, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia
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Uhler M, Braun S, Schroeder S, Renkawitz T, Kretzer JP. Wear investigation based on a novel, anatomic shoulder prosthesis with bearing materials inversion. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2022; 127:105080. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2022.105080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Zavras AG, Sullivan TB, Singh K, Phillips FM, Colman MW. Failure in cervical total disc arthroplasty: single institution experience, systematic review of the literature, and proposal of the RUSH TDA failure classification system. Spine J 2022; 22:353-369. [PMID: 34419625 DOI: 10.1016/j.spinee.2021.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CONTEXT Cervical total disc arthroplasty (TDA) is an alternative procedure to anterior cervical discectomy and fusion that facilitates neural decompression while both preserving motion of the spinal unit and decreasing the risk for degenerative changes at adjacent segments. However, due to its more recent introduction in clinical practice and low complication rates, the modes by which TDA may fail remain to be described. PURPOSE This study sought to identify the modes and frequencies of cervical TDA failure in order to propose a novel classification system. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective cohort and systematic review. PATIENT SAMPLE Patients who underwent single or two-level TDA for cervical radiculopathy or myelopathy at a single institution and in the literature of medium and large prospective studies. OUTCOME MEASURES Cervical TDA failure, defined as subsequent surgical intervention at the index segment. METHODS This study retrospectively reviewed patients who underwent single or two-level TDA for cervical radiculopathy or myelopathy at a single institution to identify the potential implant failure modes. A systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective data in the literature was then performed to further supplement failure mode identification and to describe the rates at which the various failure types occurred. Statistical analysis included between-group comparisons of Non-Failed and Failed patients and frequencies of each failure type among Failed patients. RESULTS A retrospective review at our institution of 169 patients (201 levels) identified eight failures, for a failure rate of 4.7%. Additionally, seven patients were revised who had the primary surgery at an outside institution. The systematic review of 3976 patients (4525 levels) identified 165 (4.1%) additional failures. Using this data, six primary failure types were classified, with several subtypes. These include recurrent or persistent index-level stenosis (Type I); migration (Type II) presenting as gross extrusion (A) or endplate failure with subsidence/acute fracture (B); instability (Type III) due to mechanical loosening (A), septic loosening (B), or device fracture (C); device motion loss (Type IV) such as "locking" of the device in kyphosis; implantation error (Type V) due to malposition (A) or improper sizing (B); and wear (Type VI) either without osteolysis (A) or with wear-particle-induced osteolysis (B). Stenosis (Type I) was the most common mode of failure found both through retrospective review and in the literature. CONCLUSIONS Cervical TDA fails through six primary mechanisms. While rates of certain failures requiring subsequent surgical intervention are low, it is possible that these complications may become more prevalent upon further longitudinal observation. Thus, future application and validation of this classification system is warranted to evaluate how failure frequencies change over time and with larger patient samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athan G Zavras
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, 1611 W. Harrison St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Thomas Barrett Sullivan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, 1611 W. Harrison St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Kern Singh
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, 1611 W. Harrison St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Frank M Phillips
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, 1611 W. Harrison St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Matthew W Colman
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, 1611 W. Harrison St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
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De Meurechy N, Aktan MK, Boeckmans B, Huys S, Verwilghen DR, Braem A, Mommaerts MY. Surface wear in a custom manufactured temporomandibular joint prosthesis. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2022; 110:1425-1438. [PMID: 35088936 PMCID: PMC9306732 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.35010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The wear of a novel temporomandibular joint (TMJ) prosthesis was evaluated in an animal model. The prosthesis consisted of an additively manufactured titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V) mandibular condyle and glenoid fossa created through selective laser melting, with a machined vitamin E‐enriched ultra‐high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) surface attached to the fossa. Thirteen TMJ prosthesis were implanted in sheep, six of which had condylar heads coated with HadSat® diamond‐like carbon (H‐DLC). Euthanasia took place after 288 days, equaling 22 years of human mastication. Linear and volumetric wear analysis of the fossa was performed by optical scanning. The condylar head surfaces were assessed by scanning electron and confocal laser microscopy. The average linear UHMWPE wear, when combined with the coated condyle, was 0.67 ± 0.28 mm (range: 0.34–1.15 mm), not significantly differing (p = .3765, t‐test) from the non‐coated combination average (0.88 ± 0.41 mm; range: 0.28–1.48 mm). The respective mean volumetric wear volumes were 25.29 ± 11.43 mm3 and 45.85 ± 22.01 mm3, not significantly differing (p = .1448, t‐test). Analysis of the coated condylar surface produced a mean Ra of 0.12 ± 0.04 μm and Sa of 0.69 ± 0.07 μm. The non‐coated condylar surface measured a mean Ra of 0.28 ± 0.17 μm and Sa of 2.40 ± 2.08 μm. Both Sa (p = .0083, Mann–Whitney U test) and Ra (p = .0182, Mann–Whitney U test), differed significantly. The prosthesis exhibits acceptable wear resistance and addition of the H‐DLC‐coating significantly improved long‐term condylar surface smoothness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolas De Meurechy
- European Face Centre, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,Doctoral School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Bart Boeckmans
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, KU Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium.,Flanders Make, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Stijn Huys
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, KU Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Denis R Verwilghen
- Sydney School of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Annabel Braem
- Department of Materials Engineering, KU Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Maurice Y Mommaerts
- European Face Centre, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,Doctoral School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
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Wegrzyn J, Antoniadis A, Sarshari E, Boubat M, Terrier A. Polyethylene wear of dual mobility cups: a comparative analysis based on patient-specific finite element modeling. INTERNATIONAL ORTHOPAEDICS 2022; 46:779-787. [PMID: 35020024 PMCID: PMC8930956 DOI: 10.1007/s00264-022-05305-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Concerns remain about potential increased wear with dual mobility cups related to the multiple articulations involved in this specific design of implant. This finite element analysis study aimed to compare polyethylene (PE) wear between dual mobility cup and conventional acetabular component, and between the use of conventional ultra-high molecular weight PE (UHMWPE) and highly cross-linked PE (XPLE). Methods Patient-specific finite element modeling was developed for 15 patients undergoing primary total hip arthroplasty (THA). Five acetabular components were 3D modeled and compared in THA constructs replicating existing implants: a dual mobility cup with a 22.2-mm-diameter femoral head against UHMWPE or XLPE (DM22PE or DM22XL), a conventional cup with a 22.2-mm-diameter femoral head against UHMWPE (SD22PE) and a conventional cup with a 32-mm-diameter femoral head against UHMWPE or XLPE (SD32PE or SD32XL). Results DM22PE produced 4.6 times and 5.1 times more volumetric wear than SD32XL and DM22XL (p < 0.0001, Cohen’s d = 6.97 and 7.11; respectively). However, even if significant, the differences in volumetric wear between DM22XL and SD32XL as well as between DM22PE and SD22PE or SD32PE were small according to their effect size (p < 0.0001, Cohen’s |d|= 0.48 to 0.65) and could be therefore considered as clinically negligible. Conclusion When using XLPE instead of UHMWPE, dual mobility cup with a 22.2-mm-diameter femoral head produced a similar amount of volumetric wear than conventional acetabular component with a 32-mm-diameter femoral head against XLPE. Therefore, XLPE is advocated in dual mobility cup to improve its wear performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Wegrzyn
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois-CHUV, Hôpital Orthopédique, Avenue Pierre-Decker, 4, CH-1011, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Alexander Antoniadis
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois-CHUV, Hôpital Orthopédique, Avenue Pierre-Decker, 4, CH-1011, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ehsan Sarshari
- Laboratory of Biomechanical Orthopedics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Matthieu Boubat
- Laboratory of Biomechanical Orthopedics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alexandre Terrier
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois-CHUV, Hôpital Orthopédique, Avenue Pierre-Decker, 4, CH-1011, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Laboratory of Biomechanical Orthopedics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Won H, Baek SH, Kim J, Lee WK, Lee YS, Kim SY. Average 22-Year Results of Total Hip Arthroplasty Using Harris-Galante Prosthesis in Patients under 50 Years. Clin Orthop Surg 2022; 14:335-343. [PMID: 36061837 PMCID: PMC9393279 DOI: 10.4055/cios21176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Harris-Galante (HG) prosthesis is a first-generation, cementless total hip arthroplasty (THA) prosthesis. Considering the recent increase in the demand for THA in young patients and their life expectancy, a study with a follow-up duration of longer than 20 years in a young population is needed. Therefore, we evaluated the long-term clinical and radiographic results after cementless THA using the HG prosthesis in patients younger than 50 years. Methods A total of 61 THAs performed using the HG with a minimum follow-up of 10 years were included. There were 38 men and 11 women with an average age of 46 years and the mean follow-up duration was 22 years. Clinical evaluation included modified Harris Hip Score (HHS) and radiographic analysis consisted of cup inclination, anteversion angle, component stability, osteolysis, liner wear rate, wear-through, liner dissociation, and heterotopic ossification. Complications included recurrent dislocation, periprosthetic femoral fracture, and periprosthetic joint infection. Survivorship analysis included cup and stem revision for aseptic loosening, as well as any revision. Results The HHS improved from 46.5 preoperatively to 81.8 postoperatively (p < 0.001). The average linear wear rate was 0.36 mm/yr. A total of 34 hips (56%) were revised: stem revision in 10 (16.4%), cup revision in 9 (14.8%), exchange limited to bearing surface in 8 (13.1%), and revision of all components in 7 (11.5%). Estimated survivorship at 34 years postoperatively was 90.9% for cup revision for aseptic loosening, 80.5% for stem revision for aseptic loosening, and 22.1% for any revision. Conclusions THA using the HG prosthesis showed satisfactory estimated survivorship of the acetabular and femoral components at 34 years postoperatively with good clinical outcomes. Bearing-related problems, such as osteolysis and liner dissociation, accounted for 56% of revision operations and were concerns in patients younger than 50 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heejae Won
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Seung-Hoon Baek
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Junekyu Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Won Kee Lee
- Department of Medical Statistics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Yeon Soo Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medical Science, Catholic University of Daegu, Gyeongsan, Korea
| | - Shin-Yoon Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
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Kelly GA, Hill JC, O'Brien S, McChesney J, Dennison J, Stevenson M, Beverland DE. Ten-year outcomes following a cohort of ASR XL total hip arthroplasties. Hip Int 2021; 31:759-765. [PMID: 32233664 DOI: 10.1177/1120700020913863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To determine the outcome at 10 years of a cohort of ASR XL total hip arthroplasties (THAs) and reasons for revision. METHODS Between November 2005 and May 2007, 122 ASR XL THAs were implanted. All patients had a routine review at 6 weeks and 1 year, followed by a review in 2009 because of clinical concern and thereafter annual review up to 10 years with MRI. Review also included functional scores, radiographs, pain scores and blood metal ions. RESULTS 67 (54.9%) ASR XLs had been revised by 11.1 years. Reasons for revision included pain (89.6%), high levels of cobalt and chromium ions (50.7%) and radiographic or MRI changes (80.6%). All 3 factors were present in 23 (34.3%). Pain at 1 year did not predict revision, but pain at the 2009 review did. At 10 years the revised patients had an average Oxford Hip Score (OHS) of 25.38 (12-42) and the non-revised 23.61 (2-21), the difference was not significant (p = 0.48). 3 patients (4.5%) have had a further revision; 2 for a previously unrevised stem and the other for instability. CONCLUSIONS Our arthroplasty care practitioner service allowed us to identify increased pain and stop using the ASR XL over 3 years before the implant was recalled. The revised patients had similar functional outcome to those unrevised. Poorly performing implants need to be identified earlier.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Janet C Hill
- Primary Joint Unit, Musgrave Park Hospital, Belfast, UK
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Wear analysis of the first-generation cross-linked polyethylene at minimum 10 years follow-up after THA: no significant effect of sports participation. J Artif Organs 2021; 25:140-147. [PMID: 34708284 DOI: 10.1007/s10047-021-01297-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The impact of sports on long-term wear of highly cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) after total hip arthroplasty (THA) is not fully understood. We investigated (1) the wear performance of the first-generation XLPE, and (2) whether sports participation influences the steady wear rate of XLPE. The femoral head penetration into the cup was measured digitally on radiographs of hips undergoing THA with XLPE. We retrospectively reviewed data that included age, gender, body mass index, follow-up period, preoperative diagnosis, types of XLPE, ball diameter, head material, inclination of the cup, physical function score, and sports participation. Statistical analyses were applied to determine whether sports affect the wear of XLPE and which factors were associated with the steady wear rate. Creep and steady wear rate were found to be 0.18 mm and 0.005 mm/year, respectively. Sports participation, regardless of impact, provided no significant difference in the steady wear rate. Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that sports did not increase the steady wear rate. Our findings showed excellent wear performance of the first-generation XLPE at a minimum of ten years after THA, without significant effect of sports participation on the liner wear.
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Saadi SB, Ranjbarzadeh R, Ozeir kazemi, Amirabadi A, Ghoushchi SJ, Kazemi O, Azadikhah S, Bendechache M. Osteolysis: A Literature Review of Basic Science and Potential Computer-Based Image Processing Detection Methods. COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND NEUROSCIENCE 2021; 2021:4196241. [PMID: 34646317 PMCID: PMC8505126 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4196241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Osteolysis is one of the most prominent reasons of revision surgeries in total joint arthroplasty. This biological phenomenon is induced by wear particles and corrosion products that stimulate inflammatory biological response of surrounding tissues. The eventual responses of osteolysis are the activation of macrophages leading to bone resorption and prosthesis failure. Various factors are involved in the initiation of osteolysis from biological issues, design, material specifications, and model of the prosthesis to the health condition of the patient. Nevertheless, the factors leading to osteolysis are sometimes preventable. Changes in implant design and polyethylene manufacturing are striving to improve overall wear. Osteolysis is clinically asymptomatic and can be diagnosed and analyzed during follow-up sessions through various imaging modalities and methods, such as serial radiographic, CT scan, MRI, and image processing-based methods, especially with the use of artificial neural network algorithms. Deep learning algorithms with a variety of neural network structures such as CNN, U-Net, and Seg-UNet have proved to be efficient algorithms for medical image processing specifically in the field of orthopedics for the detection and segmentation of tumors. These deep learning algorithms can effectively detect and analyze osteolytic lesions well in advance during follow-up sessions in order to administer proper treatments before reaching a critical point. Osteolysis can be treated surgically or nonsurgically with medications. However, revision surgeries are the only solution for the progressive osteolysis. In this literature review, the underlying causes, mechanisms, and treatments of osteolysis are discussed with the main focus on the possible computer-based methods and algorithms that can be effectively employed for the detection of osteolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soroush Baseri Saadi
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Islamic Azad University, South Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramin Ranjbarzadeh
- Department of Telecommunications Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Ozeir kazemi
- PPD - Global Pharmaceutical Contract Research Organization, Central Lab, Zaventem, Belgium
| | - Amir Amirabadi
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Islamic Azad University, South Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Sonya Azadikhah
- R.E.D. Laboratories N.V./S.A., Z.1 Researchpark, Zellik, Belgium
| | - Malika Bendechache
- School of Computing, Faculty of Engineering and Computing, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
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Bergvinsson H, Zampelis V, Sundberg M, Flivik G. Highly cross-linked polyethylene still outperforms conventional polyethylene in THA: 10-year RSA results. Acta Orthop 2021; 92:568-574. [PMID: 34139928 PMCID: PMC8519538 DOI: 10.1080/17453674.2021.1932140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose - Cup wear in total hip arthroplasty (THA) can be affected by different manufacturing processes of the polyethylene (PE). We report the long-term wear pattern differences, as well as early creep behavior, between conventional PE and highly cross-linked PE (HXLPE) liners, as measured with radiostereometry (RSA) up to 10 years. We also compare migration and clinical outcome of 2 similar uncemented cups with different backside surface roughness.Patients and methods - We included 45 patients with primary osteoarthritis. 23 received a conventional liner and 22 an HXLPE liner in a similar uncemented cup, but with a slightly rougher surface. The patients were followed up with RSA and hip-specific outcome questionnaire (HOOS) at 3 months, 1, 2, 5, and 10 years.Results - During the first 3 months both liners showed expected deformation with mean proximal head penetration of 0.39 mm (conventional PE) and 0.21 mm (HXLPE). Between 3 months and 10 years there was a difference in annual wear with 0.12 mm/year for the conventional liner and 0.02 mm/year for the HXLPE liner. The cup with rougher surface had less initial migration but both types had stabilized after 3 months. The HOOS scores improved after surgery and remained high for both groups throughout the study period.Interpretation - Up to 10 years the HXLPE has consistent lower annual wear, possibly contributing to longer survival of the THA, compared with conventional PE. All patients reported good results regardless of liner type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halldor Bergvinsson
- Department of Orthopedics, Skåne University Hospital, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden,Correspondence:
| | - Vasilis Zampelis
- Department of Orthopedics, Skåne University Hospital, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Martin Sundberg
- Department of Orthopedics, Skåne University Hospital, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Gunnar Flivik
- Department of Orthopedics, Skåne University Hospital, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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Huxman C, Butler J. A Systematic Review of Compliant Mechanisms as Orthopedic Implants. J Med Device 2021. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4052011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Currently available motion-preserving orthopedic implants offer many advantages but have several limitations to their use, including short device lifetime, high part count, loss of natural kinematics, and wear-induced osteolysis and implant loosening. Compliant mechanisms have been used to address some of these problems as they offer several potential advantages - namely, wear reduction, reduced part count, and the ability to achieve complex, patient-specific motion profiles. This article provides a systematic review of compliant mechanisms as orthopedic implants. Based on the PRISMA guidelines for an efficient review, this work identified fourteen implantable orthopedic devices that seek to restore anatomical motion by utilizing mechanical compliance. From reviewing these implants and their results, advantages and consequences for each are summarized. Trends were also identified in how these devices are capable of mitigating common challenges found in orthopedic design. Design considerations for the development of future compliant orthopedic implants are proposed and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor Huxman
- School of Engineering Design, Technology, and Professional Programs, The Pennsylvania State University, 213 Hammond Building, University Park, PA 16802
| | - Jared Butler
- School of Engineering Design, Technology, and Professional Programs, The Pennsylvania State University, 213 Hammond Building, University Park, PA 16802
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Saed M, Lin X, Terentjev EM. Dynamic Semicrystalline Networks of Polypropylene with Thiol-Anhydride Exchangeable Crosslinks. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:42044-42051. [PMID: 34437806 PMCID: PMC8431344 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c12099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Thermoplastic polyolefins (TPOs) crosslinked by dynamic covalent bonds (xTPOs) have the potential to be the most utilized class of polymer in the world, with applications ranging from household and automotive to biomedical devices and additive manufacturing. xTPO combines the benefits of thermoplastics and thermosets in a "single material" and potentially avoids their shortcomings. Here, we describe a new two-stage reaction extrusion strategy of TPOs with a backbone consisting of inert C-C bonds (polypropylene, PP), and thiol-anhydride, to dynamically crosslink PP through thiol-thioester bond exchange. The degree of PP crosslinking determines the rubber plateau modulus above the melting point of the plastic: the modulus at 200 °C increases from zero in the melt to 23 kPa at 6% crosslinking, to 60 kPa at 20%, to 105 kPa at 40%. The overall mechanical strength of the solid xTPO plastic is 25% higher compared to the original PP, and the gel fraction of xTPO reaches 55%. Finally, we demonstrate that the crosslinked xTPO material is readily reprocessable (recycled, remolded, rewelded, and 3D printed).
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