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A Modified PEG-Fe3O4 Magnetic Nanoparticles Conjugated with D( +)Glucosamine (DG): MRI Contrast Agent. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-022-02253-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Experimental Evaluation on the Heating Efficiency of Magnetoferritin Nanoparticles in an Alternating Magnetic Field. NANOMATERIALS 2019; 9:nano9101457. [PMID: 31615049 PMCID: PMC6835341 DOI: 10.3390/nano9101457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The superparamagnetic substance magnetoferritin is a potential bio-nanomaterial for tumor magnetic hyperthermia because of its active tumor-targeting outer protein shell, uniform and tunable nanosized inner mineral core, monodispersity and good biocompatibility. Here, we evaluated the heating efficiency of magnetoferritin nanoparticles in an alternating magnetic field (AMF). The effects of core-size, Fe concentration, viscosity, and field frequency and amplitude were investigated. Under 805.5 kHz and 19.5 kA/m, temperature rise (ΔT) and specific loss power (SLP) measured on magnetoferritin nanoparticles with core size of 4.8 nm at 5 mg/mL were 14.2 °C (at 6 min) and 68.6 W/g, respectively. The SLP increased with core-size, Fe concentration, AMF frequency, and amplitude. Given that: (1) the SLP was insensitive to viscosity of glycerol-water solutions and (2) both the calculated effective relaxation time and the fitted relaxation time were closer to Néel relaxation time, we propose that the heating generation mechanism of magnetoferritin nanoparticles is dominated by the Néel relaxation. This work provides new insights into the heating efficiency of magnetoferritin and potential future applications for tumor magnetic hyperthermia treatment and heat-triggered drug release.
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Balejcikova L, Molcan M, Kovac J, Kubovcikova M, Saksl K, Mitroova Z, Timko M, Kopcansky P. Hyperthermic effect in magnetoferritin aqueous colloidal solution. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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4
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Zhang J, Ma Y, Yang W, Xue J, Ding Y, Xie C, Luo W, Gao F, Zhang Z, Zhao Y, Chai Z, He X. Comparative study of core- and surface-radiolabeling strategies for the assembly of iron oxide nanoparticle-based theranostic nanocomposites. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:5909-5913. [PMID: 30888363 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr00428a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
This work highlights the superiority of the surface-radiolabeling strategy over the core-labeling strategy in the assembly of radioactive iron oxide nanoparticle (IONP)-based nanocomposites for use in multimodal imaging and targeted therapy. It also implies a possible overestimation of the labeling stability in previous studies and points out directions for further optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junzhe Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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Babincová M, Durdík Š, Babincová N, Sourivong P, Babinec P. Application of cationized magnetoferritin for magnetic field-assisted delivery of short interfering RNA in vitro. Lasers Med Sci 2018; 33:1807-1812. [PMID: 29846831 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-018-2547-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Cationized magnetoferritin is used for development of a simple, efficient, and fast delivery of short interference RNA into cells using combination of magnetophoresis for pre-concentration of siRNA-magnetoferritin complex on the surface of plated cells with subsequent application of nanosecond laser pulses producing stress waves in transfection chamber, which permeabilize cell membrane for the facilitated delivery of siRNA into the cell interior. As has been quantified using siRNA inducing cell death assay, by combination of these two physical factors we have obtained high efficiency for tested three different human carcinoma cells. Proposed method of gene silencing based on cationized magnetoferritin is a versatile and easily accessible platform with many possible applications in gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melánia Babincová
- Department of Nuclear Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Comenius University, Mlynská dolina F1, 842 48, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Štefan Durdík
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Saint Elisabeth Cancer Institute and Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University Bratislava, Heydukova 10, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Natália Babincová
- Department of Dermatovenerology, Faculty of Medicine, Mickiewiczova 13, 813 69, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Paul Sourivong
- Oklahoma Cancer Specialists and Research Institute, 12697 East 51st Street South, Tulsa, OK, 74146, USA
| | - Peter Babinec
- Department of Nuclear Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Comenius University, Mlynská dolina F1, 842 48, Bratislava, Slovakia.
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Du S, Li J, Du C, Huang Z, Chen G, Yan W. Overendocytosis of superparamagnetic iron oxide particles increases apoptosis and triggers autophagic cell death in human osteosarcoma cell under a spinning magnetic field. Oncotarget 2018; 8:9410-9424. [PMID: 28031531 PMCID: PMC5354741 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The toxicity of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) is still a vital topic of debate and the mechanisms remain unclear. In the present study, overdose SPIONs could induce osteosarcoma cell death and the effects were exaggerated when combined with spinning magnetic field (SMF). In the combination group, mitochondrial transmembrane potential decrease more obviously and reactive oxygen species (ROS) was found to generate much higher in line with that of the apoptosis ratio. Meantime, amount of autophagy was induced. Inhibiting the autophagy generation by 3-methyladenine (3-MA) increase cell viability but decrease the caspase 3/7 and caspase 8 activities in combination groups, and inhibiting apoptosis took the same effect. In the end, the SPIONs effects on xenograft mice was examed by intratumoral injection. The result showed that the combination group could greatly decrease the tumor volume and prolong the lifespan of mice. In sum, the result indicated that overdose SPIONs induced ROS generation, and excessive ROS induced by combination of SPIONs and SMF contribute to autophagy formation, which play a apoptosis-promoting role that formed as a platform to recruits initiate the caspase activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaohua Du
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310008, China
| | - Jingxiong Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, China
| | - Chonghua Du
- School of Economics, Dongbei University of Finance and Economics, Dalian, 116025, China
| | - Zhongming Huang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Xiaoshan Chinese Medical Hospital, Hangzhou, 311201, China
| | - Guangnan Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310008, China
| | - Weiqi Yan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310008, China
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Balejčíková L, Garamus VM, Avdeev MV, Petrenko VI, Almásy L, Kopčanský P. The effect of solution pH on the structural stability of magnetoferritin. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2017; 156:375-381. [PMID: 28551571 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2017.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Revised: 05/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The structural stability of magnetoferritin, a synthetic analogue of ferritin, at various pH levels is assessed here. The structural and electrical properties of the complexes were determined by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and zeta potential measurements. At pH 3-6 a reduction of electrostatic repulsion on the suspended colloids resulted in aggregation and sedimentation of magnetoferritin. At neutral to slightly alkaline conditions (pH 7-9) the magnetoferritin structure was stable for lower iron loadings. Higher solution pH 10-12 induced destabilization of the protein structure and dissociation of subunits. Increasing the loading factor in the MFer complex leads to decrease of the stability versus pH changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Balejčíková
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Watsonova 47, 04001 Košice, Slovakia.
| | - V M Garamus
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Centre for Materials and Coastal Research, Max-Planck-Street 1, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
| | - M V Avdeev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Joliot-Curie 6, 141980 Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - V I Petrenko
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Joliot-Curie 6, 141980 Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia; Kyiv Taras Shevchenko National University, Volodymyrska Street 64, Kyiv 01033, Ukraine
| | - L Almásy
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Nonmetal Composites and Functional Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China; Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-1525, Budapest POB 49, Hungary
| | - P Kopčanský
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Watsonova 47, 04001 Košice, Slovakia
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Abstract
This is an analysis of how magnetic fields affect biological molecules and cells. It was prompted by a series of prominent reports regarding magnetism in biological systems. The first claims to have identified a protein complex that acts like a compass needle to guide magnetic orientation in animals (Qin et al., 2016). Two other articles report magnetic control of membrane conductance by attaching ferritin to an ion channel protein and then tugging the ferritin or heating it with a magnetic field (Stanley et al., 2015; Wheeler et al., 2016). Here I argue that these claims conflict with basic laws of physics. The discrepancies are large: from 5 to 10 log units. If the reported phenomena do in fact occur, they must have causes entirely different from the ones proposed by the authors. The paramagnetic nature of protein complexes is found to seriously limit their utility for engineering magnetically sensitive cells. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.17210.001 How biological systems interact with magnetic fields is of great interest both from a basic science perspective and for technological applications. Certain animal species can sense the Earth’s magnetic field for the purposes of navigation. How that compass sense works is perhaps the last true mystery of sensory biology. If we knew how the magnetic field affects the activity of nerve cells, we could harness that mechanism to create new biomedical tools. One technological goal is to genetically engineer specific cells in the brain or elsewhere so their activity can be controlled using an external magnet. This dream has been called “magnetogenetics”. In recent months a string of reports claimed to have solved both the scientific and the technological challenges of magnetogenetics. They all involved the discovery or the engineering of protein molecules that are sensitive to magnetic fields. Markus Meister has now checked whether those claims were consistent with well-established physical laws. For each case, Meister calculated how strongly the protein in question would link magnetic fields to cellular activity. The results show that the predicted effects are too weak to account for the reported measurements by huge margins: between five and ten orders of magnitude. It therefore appears that none of these reports have hit on a solution to magnetogenetics. All of the proposed proteins use iron atoms to couple to the magnetic field, but Meister concludes that these proteins contain far too few iron atoms. How safe is that conclusion? There has been enormous technological interest in making tiny magnets; for example, to design the ever-denser data storage drives inside computers. Hence the magnetism of small clusters of atoms is exceedingly well understood. If any of the biological reports of magnetogenetics turned out correct, they would force a revolutionary rethinking of basic physics. With the recognition that magnetogenetics remains unsolved, and that different approaches are needed, Meister hopes that other investigators will feel motivated to continue innovating in this area. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.17210.002
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Meister
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, United States
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Shevtsov MA, Nikolaev BP, Ryzhov VA, Yakovleva LY, Marchenko YY, Parr MA, Rolich VI, Mikhrina AL, Dobrodumov AV, Pitkin E, Multhoff G. Ionizing radiation improves glioma-specific targeting of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles conjugated with cmHsp70.1 monoclonal antibodies (SPION-cmHsp70.1). NANOSCALE 2015; 7:20652-20664. [PMID: 26599206 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr06521f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The stress-inducible 72 kDa heat shock protein Hsp70 is known to be expressed on the membrane of highly aggressive tumor cells including high-grade gliomas, but not on the corresponding normal cells. Membrane Hsp70 (mHsp70) is rapidly internalized into tumor cells and thus targeting of mHsp70 might provide a promising strategy for theranostics. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) are contrast negative agents that are used for the detection of tumors with MRI. Herein, we conjugated the Hsp70-specific antibody (cmHsp70.1) which is known to recognize mHsp70 to superparamagnetic iron nanoparticles to assess tumor-specific targeting before and after ionizing irradiation. In vitro experiments demonstrated the selectivity of SPION-cmHsp70.1 conjugates to free and mHsp70 in different tumor cell types (C6 glioblastoma, K562 leukemia, HeLa cervix carcinoma) in a dose-dependent manner. High-resolution MRI (11 T) on T(2)-weighted images showed the retention of the conjugates in the C6 glioma model. Accumulation of SPION-cmHsp70.1 nanoparticles in the glioma resulted in a nearly 2-fold drop of T*(2) values in comparison to non-conjugated SPIONs. Biodistribution analysis using NLR-M(2) measurements showed a 7-fold increase in the tumor-to-background (normal brain) uptake ratio of SPION-cmHsp70.1 conjugates in glioma-bearing rats in comparison to SPIONs. This accumulation within Hsp70-positive glioma was further enhanced after a single dose (10 Gy) of ionizing radiation. Elevated accumulation of the magnetic conjugates in the tumor due to radiosensitization proves the combination of radiotherapy and application of Hsp70-targeted agents in brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxim A Shevtsov
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Tikhoretsky ave., 4, St. Petersburg, 194064, Russia.
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Borny R, Lechleitner T, Schmiedinger T, Hermann M, Tessadri R, Redhammer G, Neumüller J, Kerjaschki D, Berzaczy G, Erman G, Popovic M, Lammer J, Funovics M. Nucleophilic cross-linked, dextran coated iron oxide nanoparticles as basis for molecular imaging: synthesis, characterization, visualization and comparison with previous product. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2014; 10:18-27. [PMID: 24753451 DOI: 10.1002/cmmi.1595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2013] [Revised: 12/22/2013] [Accepted: 01/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We present a new synthesis protocol for a multivalent, multimodality, nucleophilic nanoparticle ideal for in vivo imaging. Stability requirements necessitated covalent cross-linking of the carbohydrate cage, easy functionalization the introduction of sterically accessible amine groups. The new protocol aimed at more uniform particle size, less clustering and superior magnetic properties compared with commercial nanoparticles. Particles were precipitated from Fe(2+) and Fe(3+) in the presence of 10 kDa dextran monodispersed from the aerosol phase. Cross-linking was achieved with epichlorhydrin, nuclophilication with NH3, purification with ultrafiltration and dialysis. Particles and a commercial product (Rienso®, Takeda Pharma) underwent physicochemical characterizations. Biocompatibility was assessed by Resazurin on LLC-PK1 cells; the internalization rate was measured for three cell lines (HAEC, HASMC, HT29). Core size was 5.61 ± 1.25 nm; hydrodynamic size was 49.56 ± 11.73 nm. The number of sterically accessible amine groups averaged 9.9. The cores showed cubic magnetite structure. Values of r1 and r2 were 10.9 and 148.17 mM(-1) s(-1). Cellular viability was unchanged after incubation. Introduction of aerosol phase dextran resulted in a reduction of the overall hydrodynamic diameter and a narrower size distribution of the synthesized particles. Electron tomography visualized for the first time the postulated 'hairy layer' of the dextran coating and enabled the measurement of the overall diameter of 100.2 ± 7.92 nm. The resulting nanoparticle is biocompatible, functionalizable and detectable at nanomolar concentrations with MRI and optical imaging. It can potentially serve as a platform for multimodal molecular imaging and targeted therapy approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Borny
- Division of Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of Biomedical Imaging, Medical University, Vienna, Austria
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Prussian Blue Modified Ferritin Nanoparticles as Peroxidase and Catalase Mimetics and their Application in Glucose Detection. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.562-565.1333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Prussian blue nanoparticles (PBNPs) have been certified a kind of mimetic enzyme possesses the advantages of stability, high catalytic activity and low prices. Ferritins are natural nanoscale structures with unique three-dimensional structures and biological functions. In this context, we synthesized PBNPs on the surface of the iron oxide core of ferritin taking use of the ferric iron of the core, we also intended to retain the specificity of ferritin for some biological use. Our results show the resulting nanostructures (Prussian blue-ferritin nanoparticles, PB-Ft NPs) got very small size and relatively high catalytic activity , furthermore, PB-Ft NPs successfully combined the intrinsic enzyme mimetic activity of PBNPs and the specificity to tumor cells of ferritin. The peroxidase-like activity and catalase-like activity of PB-Ft NPs were studied. Peroxidase-like activity which fits well the Michaelis-Menten kinetics was found strongly depending on pH, temperature and the concentration of PB-Ft NPs. Then a sensitive method for glucose detection was developed using glucose oxidase (GOx) and PB-Ft NPs. PB-Ft NPs displayed catalase-like activity in PH higher than 5.0, the generated oxygen was measured by the dissolved oxygen electrode.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) shows PB-Ft NPs possess both specificity and peroxidase-like activity.
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12
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Oxidative Stress and Dermal Toxicity of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles In Vitro. Cell Biochem Biophys 2012; 67:461-76. [DOI: 10.1007/s12013-012-9367-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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13
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Li YF, Chen C. Fate and toxicity of metallic and metal-containing nanoparticles for biomedical applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2011; 7:2965-80. [PMID: 21932238 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201101059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2011] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
It is important to obtain a better understanding of the uptake, trafficking, pharmacokinetics, clearance, and role of nanomaterials in biological systems, so that their possible undesirable effects can be avoided. A number of metallic or metal-containing nanomaterials, such as gold nanoparticles and nanorods, quantum dots, iron oxides nanoparticles, and endohedral metallofullerenes, have already been or will soon become very promising for biomedical applications. This review presents a summary of currently available data on the fate and toxicity of these metallic or metal-containing nanoparticles based on animal studies. Several issues regarding the nanotoxicity assessment and future directions on the study of the fate of these nanoparticles are also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Feng Li
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety and CAS Key Laboratory of Nuclear Analytical Techniques, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
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Marengo M, Bonomi F, Iametti S, Prinz E, Hempelmann R, Boye M, Frokiaer H. Recognition and uptake of free and nanoparticle-bound betalactoglobulin - a food allergen - by human monocytes. Mol Nutr Food Res 2011; 55:1708-16. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201100386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2011] [Revised: 07/11/2011] [Accepted: 08/01/2011] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Schlachter EK, Widmer HR, Bregy A, Lönnfors-Weitzel T, Vajtai I, Corazza N, Bernau VJP, Weitzel T, Mordasini P, Slotboom J, Herrmann G, Bogni S, Hofmann H, Frenz M, Reinert M. Metabolic pathway and distribution of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles: in vivo study. Int J Nanomedicine 2011; 6:1793-800. [PMID: 21980242 PMCID: PMC3184939 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s23638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Experimental tissue fusion benefits from the selective heating of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) under high frequency irradiation. However, the metabolic pathways of SPIONs for tissue fusion remain unknown. Hence, the goal of this in vivo study was to analyze the distribution of SPIONs in different organs by means of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and histological analysis after a SPION-containing patch implantation. Methods: SPION-containing patches were implanted in rats. Three animal groups were studied histologically over six months. Degradation assessment of the SPION-albumin patch was performed in vivo using MRI for iron content localization and biodistribution. Results: No SPION degradation or accumulation into the reticuloendothelial system was detected by MRI, MRI relaxometry, or histology, outside the area of the implantation patch. Concentrations from 0.01 μg/mL to 25 μg/mL were found to be hyperintense in T1-like gradient echo sequences. The best differentiation of concentrations was found in T2 relaxometry, susceptibility-sensitive gradient echo sequences, and in high repetition time T2 images. Qualitative and semiquantitative visualization of small concentrations and accumulation of SPIONs by MRI are feasible. In histological liver samples, Kupffer cells were significantly correlated with postimplantation time, but no differences were observed between sham-treated and induction/no induction groups. Transmission electron microscopy showed local uptake of SPIONs in macrophages and cells of the reticuloendothelial system. Apoptosis staining using caspase showed no increased toxicity compared with sham-treated tissue. Implanted SPION patches were relatively inert with slow, progressive local degradation over the six-month period. No distant structural alterations in the studied tissue could be observed. Conclusion: Systemic bioavailability may play a role in specific SPION implant toxicity and therefore the local degradation process is a further aspect to be assessed in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva K Schlachter
- Department of Neurosurgery, InselspitalBern, 3010 Berne, Switzerland
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Nowostawska M, Corr SA, Byrne SJ, Conroy J, Volkov Y, Gun'ko YK. Porphyrin-magnetite nanoconjugates for biological imaging. J Nanobiotechnology 2011; 9:13. [PMID: 21477294 PMCID: PMC3090322 DOI: 10.1186/1477-3155-9-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2009] [Accepted: 04/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The use of silica coated magnetic nanoparticles as contrast agents has resulted in the production of highly stable, non-toxic solutions that can be manipulated via an external magnetic field. As a result, the interaction of these nanocomposites with cells is of vital importance in understanding their behaviour and biocompatibility. Here we report the preparation, characterisation and potential application of new "two-in-one" magnetic fluorescent nanocomposites composed of silica-coated magnetite nanoparticles covalently linked to a porphyrin moiety. Method The experiments were performed by administering porphyrin functionalised silica-coated magnetite nanoparticles to THP-1 cells, a human acute monocytic leukaemia cell line. Cells were cultured in RPMI 1640 medium with 25 mM HEPES supplemented with heat-inactivated foetal bovine serum (FBS). Results We have synthesised, characterised and analysed in vitro, a new multimodal (magnetic and fluorescent) porphyrin magnetic nanoparticle composite (PMNC). Initial co-incubation experiments performed with THP-1 macrophage cells were promising; however the PMNC photobleached under confocal microscopy study. β-mercaptoethanol (β-ME) was employed to counteract this problem and resulted not only in enhanced fluorescence emission, but also allowed for elongated imaging and increased exposure times of the PMNC in a cellular environment. Conclusion Our experiments have demonstrated that β-ME visibly enhances the emission intensity. No deleterious effects to the cells were witnessed upon co-incubation with β-ME alone and no increases in background fluorescence were recorded. These results should present an interest for further development of in vitro biological imaging techniques.
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Buyukhatipoglu K, Clyne AM. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles change endothelial cell morphology and mechanics via reactive oxygen species formation. J Biomed Mater Res A 2010; 96:186-95. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.32972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2010] [Revised: 09/07/2010] [Accepted: 09/09/2010] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Michel FM, Hosein HA, Hausner DB, Debnath S, Parise JB, Strongin DR. Reactivity of ferritin and the structure of ferritin-derived ferrihydrite. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2010; 1800:871-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2010.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2009] [Revised: 05/13/2010] [Accepted: 05/19/2010] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Babincova M, Babinec P. Magnetic drug delivery and targeting: principles and applications. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub 2010; 153:243-50. [PMID: 20208962 DOI: 10.5507/bp.2009.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nanomaterials are at the leading edge of the rapidly developing field of nanotechnology. Magnetic nanoparticles for cancer therapy and diagnosis have been developed on the basis of their unique physico-chemical properties not present in other materials. Their versatility is widely exploited in such diverse techniques as cell and macromolecule separation and purification, immunoassays, targeted drug delivery, controlled material release, electromagnetic hyperthermia, gene therapy, or magnetic resonance imaging. In this review we concentrate on the physical principles of magnetic drug targeting and biomedical applications of this technique. METHODS AND RESULTS We examined several databases, PubMed, ISI Web of Knowledge, and Scopus, for the period 1985-2009, with specific attention to studies that used targeting of magnetic nanoparticles especially in the therapy and diagnostics of tumors. We have also presented several of our own results on theoretical simulations of magnetic particle motion in external magnetic field. CONCLUSIONS We found growing number of published papers in this field of nanomedicine, showing the almost unlimited potential of magnetic nanoparticles in the field of experimental and clinical oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melania Babincova
- Department of Nuclear Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics, and Informatics, Comenius University, Mlynska dolina F1, Bratislava, Slovakia.
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Zhang Y, Yang M, Park JH, Singelyn J, Ma H, Sailor MJ, Ruoslahti E, Ozkan M, Ozkan C. A surface-charge study on cellular-uptake behavior of F3-peptide-conjugated iron oxide nanoparticles. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2009; 5:1990-6. [PMID: 19554564 PMCID: PMC3049454 DOI: 10.1002/smll.200900520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Surface-charge measurements of mammalian cells in terms of Zeta potential are demonstrated as a useful biological characteristic in identifying cellular interactions with specific nanomaterials. A theoretical model of the changes in Zeta potential of cells after incubation with nanoparticles is established to predict the possible patterns of Zeta-potential change to reveal the binding and internalization effects. The experimental results show a distinct pattern of Zeta-potential change that allows the discrimination of human normal breast epithelial cells (MCF-10A) from human cancer breast epithelial cells (MCF-7) when the cells are incubated with dextran coated iron oxide nanoparticles that contain tumor-homing F3 peptides, where the tumor-homing F3 peptide specifically bound to nucleolin receptors that are overexpressed in cancer breast cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering University of California at Riverside Riverside, CA 92521 (USA)
| | - Mo Yang
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Kowloon, Hong Kong (P.R. China)
| | - Ji-Ho Park
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Materials Science and Engineering Program University of California at San Diego La Jolla, CA 92093 (USA)
| | - Jennifer Singelyn
- Department of Bioengineering University of California at San Diego La Jolla, CA 92093 (USA)
| | - Huiqing Ma
- Department of Bioengineering University of California at Riverside Riverside, CA 92521 (USA)
| | - Michael J. Sailor
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Materials Science and Engineering Program University of California at San Diego La Jolla, CA 92093 (USA)
| | - Erkki Ruoslahti
- Burnham Institute for Medical Research at UCSB University of California, Santa Barbara Santa Barbara, CA 93106 (USA)
| | - Mihrimah Ozkan
- Department of Electrical Engineering University of California at Riverside Riverside, CA 92521 (USA)
| | - Cengiz Ozkan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering University of California at Riverside Riverside, CA 92521 (USA)
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21
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Sasaki T, Iwasaki N, Kohno K, Kishimoto M, Majima T, Nishimura SI, Minami A. Magnetic nanoparticles for improving cell invasion in tissue engineering. J Biomed Mater Res A 2008; 86:969-78. [PMID: 18067168 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.31724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
It has been widely recognized that cells are seeded onto only the superficial layer of three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds in tissue engineering technology. This leads to tissue necrosis that occurs in the central part of 3D scaffolds. To solve this issue, an effective cell seeding technique into the central part of 3D scaffolds is required. Chitosan has characteristics of biocompatibility, biodegradability, and low-toxicity. In this study, we developed novel magnetic nanoparticles (MNs) coated with chitosan for enhancing cellular invasion using magnetic force. Cell-invasion efficiency was enhanced by introducing our novel MNs into cells and by the presence of magnetic force. This invasion efficacy depends on the degree of magnetic force. Matrix metalloproteinases and adhesion molecules that were upregulated in response to the attached nanoparticles and exposure to a magnetic force may also play a crucial role in improving cell-invasive ability in this system. This current system can efficiently enhance cell seeding into the depth of the scaffold, increase subsequent cell-cell interactions and shorten the period of cell proliferation. This system is thought to be useful in the development of cell-based strategies for the repair or replacement of tissue and other novel therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuro Sasaki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Kita-15, Nishi-7, Kita-Ku, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
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22
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Corr SA, Byrne SJ, Tekoriute R, Meledandri CJ, Brougham DF, Lynch M, Kerskens C, O'Dwyer L, Gun'ko YK. Linear Assemblies of Magnetic Nanoparticles as MRI Contrast Agents. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 130:4214-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ja710172z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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23
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Gupta AK, Naregalkar RR, Vaidya VD, Gupta M. Recent advances on surface engineering of magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles and their biomedical applications. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2007; 2:23-39. [PMID: 17716188 DOI: 10.2217/17435889.2.1.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 394] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnetic nanoparticles with appropriate surface coatings are increasingly being used clinically for various biomedical applications, such as magnetic resonance imaging, hyperthermia, drug delivery, tissue repair, cell and tissue targeting and transfection. This is because of the nontoxicity and biocompatibility demand that mainly iron oxide-based materials are predominantly used, despite some attempts to develop 'more magnetic nanomaterials' based on cobalt, nickel, gadolinium and other compounds. For all these applications, the material used for surface coating of the magnetic particles must not only be nontoxic and biocompatible but also allow a targetable delivery with particle localization in a specific area. Magnetic nanoparticles can bind to drugs and an external magnetic field can be applied to trap them in the target site. By attaching the targeting molecules, such as proteins or antibodies, at particles surfaces, the latter may be directed to any cell, tissue or tumor in the body. In this review, different polymers/molecules that can be used for nanoparticle coating to stabilize the suspensions of magnetic nanoparticles under in vitro and in vivo situations are discussed. Some selected proteins/targeting ligands that could be used for derivatizing magnetic nanoparticles are also explored. We have reviewed the various biomedical applications with some of the most recent uses of magnetic nanoparticles for early detection of cancer, diabetes and atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Kumar Gupta
- Laboratory for Nanoparticle Research, Formulation & Development Department, Torrent Research Centre, TPL, Village Bhat, Dist. Gandhinagar-382 428, Gujarat, India.
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24
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Hughes S, Dobson J, El Haj AJ. Magnetic targeting of mechanosensors in bone cells for tissue engineering applications. J Biomech 2007; 40 Suppl 1:S96-104. [PMID: 17532323 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2007.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/01/2007] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Mechanical signalling plays a pivotal role in maintaining bone cell function and remodelling of the skeleton. Our previous work has highlighted the potential role of mechano-induction in tissue engineering applications. In particular, we have highlighted the potential for using magnetic particle techniques for tissue engineering applications. Previous studies have shown that manipulation of integrin attached magnetic particles leads to changes in intracellular calcium signalling within osteoblasts. However, due to the phenomenon of particle internalisation, previous studies have typically focused on short-term stimulation experiments performed within 1-2 h of particle attachment. For tissue engineering applications, bone tissue growth occurs over a period of 3-5 weeks. To date, no study has investigated the cellular responses elicited from osteoblasts over time following stimulation with internalised magnetic particles. Here, we demonstrate the long-term biocompatibility of 4.5 microm RGD-coated particles with osteoblasts up to 21 days in culture, and detail a time course of responses elicited from osteoblasts following mechanical stimulation with integrin attached magnetic particles (<2h post attachment) and internalised particles (>48h post attachment). Mechanical manipulation of both integrin attached and internalised particles were found to induce intracellular calcium signalling. It is concluded that magnetic particles offer a tool for applying controlled mechanical forces to osteoblasts, and can be used to stimulate intracellular calcium signalling over prolonged periods of time. Magnetic particle technology presents a potentially valuable tool for tissue engineering which permits the delivery of highly localised mechano-inductive forces directly to cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Hughes
- Institute of Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University Medical School, Hartshill Campus, Thornburrow Drive, Hartshill, Stoke-on-Trent ST4 7QB, UK
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25
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Berry CC, Wells S, Charles S, Aitchison G, Curtis ASG. Cell response to dextran-derivatised iron oxide nanoparticles post internalisation. Biomaterials 2005; 25:5405-13. [PMID: 15130725 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2003.12.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2003] [Accepted: 12/19/2003] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic nanoparticles have been used for many years as magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents. Despite the fact that there are currently several dextran-coated iron oxide nanoparticles are in preclinical and clinical use, there is very little information available concerning the influence such particles have on cells in culture. The prerequisite for particles employed as contrast agents is capture and subsequent uptake by cells. This study involved the use of magnetic nanoparticles synthesised and derivatised with dextran, compared to similar underivatised plain particles. The influence in vitro was assessed using human dermal fibroblasts and various techniques to observe cell-particles interaction, including light and fluorescence microscopy, scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The results indicate that although both the uncoated and the dextran-derivatised particles are uptaken into the cell, the derivatised particles induce alterations in cell behaviour and morphology distinct from the plain particles, suggesting that cell response is dependent on the particles coating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Cecilia Berry
- Centre for Cell Engineering, University of Glasgow, Joseph Black Building, IBLS University Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK. catherine.berry @bio.gla.ac.uk
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26
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Berry CC. Possible exploitation of magnetic nanoparticle–cell interaction for biomedical applications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1039/b409715g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Payne AG. Using immunomagnetic technology and other means to facilitate stem cell homing. Med Hypotheses 2004; 62:718-20. [PMID: 15082095 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2003.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2003] [Accepted: 12/04/2003] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
If stem cell therapy is to be maximally effective, it is vital that progenitor (stem) cells get to the target tissue(s) and/or organ(s). Three methods of facilitating stem cell homing to target tissues are explored in this paper: (1) cobalt compounds such as cobalt phthalocyanines could be magnetically delivered to target tissue(s) and/or organ(s), and then subject to a brief pulsed magnetic field or ultrasound exposure suitable to induce mild hyperthermia with the result being the synthesis of cytokines that are chemoattractants to progenitor (stem) cells; (2) ferromagnetic nanobead particles could be tagged with antibodies specific to the target tissue(s) and/or organ(s) and infused into patients, followed by introduction of progenitor (stem) cells tagged with antibody-bound magnetic nanoparticles. This should result in passive attachment (stem cells to tagged tissue or organ); and (3) Reticulose, which stimulates the synthesis of the stem cell chemoattractant IL-8, could be magnetically guided to target tissue(s) and/or organ(s).
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28
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Berry CC, Wells S, Charles S, Curtis ASG. Dextran and albumin derivatised iron oxide nanoparticles: influence on fibroblasts in vitro. Biomaterials 2003; 24:4551-7. [PMID: 12950997 DOI: 10.1016/s0142-9612(03)00237-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 303] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic nanoparticles have been used for biomedical purposes for several years. In recent years, nanotechnology has developed to a stage that makes it possible to engineer particles to provide opportunities for the site-specific delivery of drugs. To this end a variety of iron oxide particles have been synthesised. The size and surface of the particles are crucial factors in the application of the particles. This study therefore involves the use of magnetic nanoparticles synthesised and derivatised with either dextran or albumin, compared to identical underivatised plain particles. This influence in vitro was assessed using human dermal fibroblasts and various techniques to observe cell-particles interaction, including light and fluorescence microscopy, scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The results indicate that the derivatised particles induce alterations in cell behaviour and morphology distinct from the plain particles, suggesting that cell response can be directed via specifically engineered particle surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine C Berry
- Centre for Cell Engineering, Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Joseph Black Building, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland, UK.
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29
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Payne AG. Exploiting intracellular iron and iron-rich compounds to effect tumor cell lysis. Med Hypotheses 2003; 61:206-9. [PMID: 12888304 DOI: 10.1016/s0306-9877(03)00110-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The regimen outlined in this brief paper focuses on therapeutically utilizing iron and iron compounds in transferrin receptor-rich tumor cells in ways that inhibit and lyse same.
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