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Scheliga S, Dohrn MF, Habel U, Lampert A, Rolke R, Lischka A, van den Braak N, Spehr M, Jo HG, Kellermann T. Reduced Gray Matter Volume and Cortical Thickness in Patients With Small-Fiber Neuropathy. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2024; 25:104457. [PMID: 38211845 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2024.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Small-fiber neuropathy (SFN) is defined by degeneration or dysfunction of peripheral sensory nerve endings. Central correlates have been identified on the level of gray matter volume (GMV) and cortical thickness (CT) changes. However, across SFN etiologies knowledge about a common structural brain signature is still lacking. Therefore, we recruited 26 SFN patients and 25 age- and sex-matched healthy controls to conduct voxel-based- and surface-based morphometry. Across all patients, we found reduced GMV in widespread frontal regions, left caudate, insula and superior parietal lobule. Surface-based morphometry analysis revealed reduced CT in the right precentral gyrus of SFN patients. In a region-based approach, patients had reduced GMV in the left caudate. Since pathogenic gain-of-function variants in voltage-gated sodium channels (Nav) have been associated with SFN pathophysiology, we explored brain morphological patterns in a homogenous subsample of patients carrying rare heterozygous missense variants. Whole brain- and region-based approaches revealed GMV reductions in the bilateral caudate for Nav variant carriers. Further research is needed to analyze the specific role of Nav variants for structural brain alterations. Together, we conclude that SFN patients have specific GMV and CT alterations, potentially forming potential new central biomarkers for this condition. Our results might help to better understand underlying or compensatory mechanisms of chronic pain perception in the future. PERSPECTIVE: This study reveals structural brain changes in small-fiber neuropathy (SFN) patients, particularly in frontal regions, caudate, insula, and parietal lobule. Notably, individuals with SFN and specific Nav variants exhibit bilateral caudate abnormalities. These findings may serve as potential central biomarkers for SFN and provide insights into chronic pain perception mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Scheliga
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Medical Faculty RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Maike F Dohrn
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ute Habel
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Medical Faculty RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine: JARA-Institute Brain Structure Function Relationship (INM 10), Research Center Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Angelika Lampert
- Institute of Neurophysiology, Medical Faculty RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Roman Rolke
- Department of Palliative Medicine, Medical Faculty RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Annette Lischka
- Institute for Human Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Medical Faculty RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Marc Spehr
- Department of Chemosensation, RWTH Aachen University, Institute for Biology II, Aachen, Germany
| | - Han-Gue Jo
- School of Computer Information and Communication Engineering, Kunsan National University, Gunsan, South Korea
| | - Thilo Kellermann
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Medical Faculty RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine: JARA-Institute Brain Structure Function Relationship (INM 10), Research Center Jülich, Jülich, Germany
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Norrito RL, Puleo MG, Pintus C, Basso MG, Rizzo G, Di Chiara T, Di Raimondo D, Parrinello G, Tuttolomondo A. Paraneoplastic Cerebellar Degeneration Associated with Breast Cancer: A Case Report and a Narrative Review. Brain Sci 2024; 14:176. [PMID: 38391750 PMCID: PMC10887192 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14020176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Paraneoplastic neurological syndromes (PNSs) are an uncommon complication of cancer, affecting nearby 1/10,000 subjects with a tumour. PNSs can involve all the central and peripheral nervous systems, the muscular system, and the neuromuscular junction, causing extremely variable symptomatology. The diagnosis of the paraneoplastic disease usually precedes the clinical manifestations of cancer, making an immediate recognition of the pathology crucial to obtain a better prognosis. PNSs are autoimmune diseases caused by the expression of common antigens by the tumour and the nervous system. Specific antibodies can help clinicians diagnose them, but unfortunately, they are not always detectable. Immunosuppressive therapy and the treatment of cancer are the cornerstones of therapy for PNSs. This paper reports a case of PNSs associated with breast tumours and focuses on the most common paraneoplastic neurological syndromes. We report a case of a young female with a clinical syndrome of the occurrence of rigidity in the right lower limb with postural instability with walking supported and diplopia, with a final diagnosis of paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration and seronegative rigid human syndrome associated with infiltrating ductal carcinoma of the breast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosario Luca Norrito
- U.O.C di Medicina Interna con Stroke Care, Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, di Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Puleo
- U.O.C di Medicina Interna con Stroke Care, Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, di Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Chiara Pintus
- U.O.C di Medicina Interna con Stroke Care, Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, di Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Basso
- U.O.C di Medicina Interna con Stroke Care, Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, di Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuliana Rizzo
- U.O.C di Medicina Interna con Stroke Care, Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, di Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Tiziana Di Chiara
- U.O.C di Medicina Interna con Stroke Care, Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, di Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Domenico Di Raimondo
- U.O.C di Medicina Interna con Stroke Care, Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, di Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Gaspare Parrinello
- U.O.C di Medicina Interna con Stroke Care, Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, di Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonino Tuttolomondo
- U.O.C di Medicina Interna con Stroke Care, Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, di Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
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Raasing LR, Veltkamp M, Datema M, Grutters JC, Vogels OJ. Thermal threshold testing: call for a balance between the number of measurements and abnormalities in the diagnosis of sarcoidosis-associated small fiber neuropathy. Pain Rep 2023; 8:e1095. [PMID: 37674973 PMCID: PMC10479475 DOI: 10.1097/pr9.0000000000001095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Several recent studies of diagnosing small fiber neuropathy (SFN) have shown a lack of uniformity in thermal threshold testing (TTT) or quantitative sensory testing (QST) which makes it a challenge to compare the data. It is known that the chance of finding an abnormality increases with increasing number of measurements. Objectives With this study, we first wanted to investigate whether TTT could benefit from a new approach focusing on the balance between the number of measurements, depending on the selection of parameters and measuring sites, and on number of abnormalities (NOAs). Second, we wanted to address the role of the method of levels (MLe) in possible desensitization during TTT measurements. Methods One hundred seventeen participants were included (48 patients with sarcoidosis with probable SFN, 49 without SFN, and 20 healthy controls). Thermal threshold testing measurements and Small Fiber Neuropathy Screening List (SFNSL) questionnaire were used to assess SFN. Results A combination of measuring all thermal threshold parameters at both feet except for MLe showed the best diagnostic performance. Increasing TTT NOAs correlates with the severity of SFN. Adding the SFNSL questionnaire further improves diagnostic performance. Discussion Looking at TTT NOAs in all TTT parameters except for MLe at both feet should be considered as a new approach to improve the consistency and balance between the selection of TTT parameters, measuring sites, and definition of "abnormal QST." Moreover, the SFNSL questionnaire is a valuable tool to quantify SFN symptoms and could improve SFN diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisette R.M. Raasing
- ILD Center of Excellence, Department of Pulmonology, St Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, the Netherlands
| | - Marcel Veltkamp
- ILD Center of Excellence, Department of Pulmonology, St Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, the Netherlands
- Division of Heart and Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Mirjam Datema
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, St Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, the Netherlands
| | - Jan C. Grutters
- ILD Center of Excellence, Department of Pulmonology, St Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, the Netherlands
- Division of Heart and Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Oscar J.M. Vogels
- ILD Center of Excellence, Department of Neurology, St Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, the Netherlands
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Lagerstedt K, Efverman A. A Randomized Sham-Controlled Mixed Methods Pilot Study of the Feasibility of Acupuncture for Chemotherapy-Induced Neuropathy: Lessons Learned From Patient Experiences in Integrative Cancer Care. Integr Cancer Ther 2023; 22:15347354231178877. [PMID: 37294052 PMCID: PMC10262658 DOI: 10.1177/15347354231178877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Since there is a lack of effective pharmacological therapies for chemotherapy-induced neuropathy and many patients ask for integrative cancer therapies such as acupuncture, the objective of this pilot study was to describe patients' experiences, and to study the feasibility and short-term effects of genuine acupuncture for chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain and unpleasant sensations compared to sham acupuncture. METHODS The pilot study used mixed methods, collecting quantitative and qualitative data. Patients (n = 12) with chemotherapy-induced neuropathy after colorectal cancer were blindly randomized to genuine acupuncture or telescopic sham acupuncture. Individual interviews were conducted, and were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. The patients registered pain and unpleasant sensations (100 mm Visual Analog Scales) before and after n = 120 sessions, n = 60 genuine and n = 60 sham acupuncture sessions. RESULTS Five categories of patient experiences were described. The neuropathy negatively affected life. Physical activity was perceived to be important for health, but neuropathy was a barrier. The neuropathy required symptom-managing strategies. Acupuncture was pleasant and valuable, but some patients presented doubts regarding its effect mechanisms. After the genuine acupuncture sessions, pain (mean -2.0 steps relief during each session) and unpleasant sensations (-2.4) in the face was reduced more than after sham acupuncture (+0.1 steps worse pain, P = .018, +0.1 steps worse unpleasant sensations, P = .036). After genuine acupuncture, unpleasant sensations in the hands were reduced less (-0.23) compared to after sham acupuncture (-5.5, P = .002). Pain or unpleasant sensations in the feet did not change. CONCLUSIONS Patients experienced that the neuropathy negatively changed their life and that acupuncture was pleasant and valuable. Patients receiving genuine acupuncture had short-term effects regarding pain and unpleasant sensations in the face compared to patients receiving sham acupuncture, while hands and feet did not improve. The patients were successfully blinded and complied with the acupuncture. We welcome future full-scaled randomized sham-controlled acupuncture studies.
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Metea M, Palmero-Soler E, Crum L. Preclinical nerve conduction: Nerve battery options for primate studies. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2022; 116:107187. [PMID: 35636693 DOI: 10.1016/j.vascn.2022.107187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Electrophysiological neurodiagnostic tests of nerve conduction (NC) are key assays included in preclinical safety and toxicology programs to assess the peripheral neuropathy (PN) liability of a new drug. Despite their increased use, standardization of nerve conduction studies (NCS) is lacking in the preclinical space, with limited regulatory guidelines stipulating type and number of nerves or minimum combinations appropriate for each stage of drug development or indication. Detection of subtle peripheral toxicities depends on choosing appropriate nerve targets for testing, especially when functional changes remain above the lower limit of normal values. To support robust preclinical toxicology study designs, the current short communication provides options and recommendations for selecting peripheral nerves for clinically translatable nerve conduction batteries applicable to toxicology and gene therapy, with a focus on clinically translatable primate models. A comprehensive compilation of accessible nerve locations is offered including lower and upper extremity motor nerves, and sensory nerves with origin at multiple DRG levels. Rankings of technique difficulty and repeatability across serial collections are presented for each assay informed by serial nerve conduction from 500 adult primates. The goal of this communication is to support the standardization and preclinical implementation of this important assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Metea
- Preclinical Electrophysiology Consulting, LLC, Mattapoisett, MA, USA.
| | | | - Lucas Crum
- Preclinical Electrophysiology Consulting, LLC, Mattapoisett, MA, USA
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Trigeminal Traumatic Neuroma: a Comprehensive Review of the Literature Based On a Rare Case. Curr Pain Headache Rep 2022; 26:219-233. [PMID: 35119601 DOI: 10.1007/s11916-022-01018-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Traumatic neuromas in general, and trigeminal traumatic neuromas in particular, are relatively rare entities originating from a damage to a corresponding nerve or its branches. This manuscript is a comprehensive review of the literature on trigeminal traumatic neuromas based on an interesting and challenging case of bilateral intraoral lesions. RECENT FINDINGS The diagnosis for this patient was bilateral trigeminal traumatic neuromas. It is possible that these patients have a genetic predisposition to the development of these lesions. It is a neuropathic pain condition and may mimic dental and other trigeminal pain entities. Topical treatment with lidocaine gel, utilizing a custom-made neurosensory stent, rendered the patient significant and sustained pain relief. Trigeminal traumatic neuromas present a diagnostic challenge even to a seasoned clinician, due to the complex clinical features that may mimic other entities. Topical medications such as local anesthetics may be a good viable alternative to systemic medications to manage the pain associated with the condition. Early identification of the lesion and the associated pain helps in the succinct management of symptomatic trigeminal traumatic neuromas.
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Neuromuscular Manifestations of Acquired Metabolic, Endocrine, and Nutritional Disorders. Neuromuscul Disord 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-71317-7.00021-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Neerati P, Prathapagiri H. Alpha lipoic acid attenuated neuropathic pain induced by chronic constriction Injury of sciatic nerve in rats. CLINICAL PHYTOSCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s40816-021-00263-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Chronic neuropathic pain syndrome is associated with impaired quality of life and is poorly manageable. Alpha lipoic acid (ALA) is a powerful antioxidant and showed its effectiveness on diabetic neuropathy and other acute peripheral nerve injuries but it was not evaluated in the chronic neuropathic pain, chronic constriction injury (CCI) in rat model by using duloxetine (DLX) as standard.
Methodology
The main objective of the study was to expedite ALA effect on chronic peripheral neuropathy induced by CCI of sciatic nerve in rats. In this study, male Wister rats were randomly divided into six groups (n = 8) including, normal saline, sham operated, surgery control, DLX 30mg/kg treated, ALA treated 25mg/kg, and ALA+DLX. The CCI of sciatic nerve was conducted on all animals except normal saline group and studied for 21 days (i.e. 14 days treatment period & 7 days treatment free period) by using different behavioral, biochemical and, histopathology studies.
Results
ALA showed minor but significant decrease of thermal hyperalgesia, cold allodynia, malondialdehyde (MDA), total protein, lipid peroxidation, and nitric oxide levels and significant increase of motor coordination, glutathione level and decreased axonal degeneration significantly. These effects sustained even during treatment free period. ALA enhanced the effect of DLX when given in combination by showing sustained effect. In conclusion, ALA acted as potent antioxidant may be this activity is responsible for the potent neuroprotective effect.
Conclusion
Hence, ALA attenuated the nueroinflammation mediated by chronic peripheral neuropathy. Further studies are warranted with ALA to develop as a clinically relevant therapeutic agent for the treatment of neuropathic pain.
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Johnson SA, Shouman K, Shelly S, Sandroni P, Berini SE, Dyck PJB, Hoffman EM, Mandrekar J, Niu Z, Lamb CJ, Low PA, Singer W, Mauermann ML, Mills J, Dubey D, Staff NP, Klein CJ. Small Fiber Neuropathy Incidence, Prevalence, Longitudinal Impairments, and Disability. Neurology 2021; 97:e2236-e2247. [PMID: 34706972 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000012894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES There are limited population-based data on small fiber neuropathy (SFN). We wished to determine SFN incidence, prevalence, comorbid conditions, longitudinal impairments, and disabilities. METHODS Test-confirmed patients with SFN in Olmsted, Minnesota, and adjacent counties were compared 3:1 to matched controls (January 1, 1998-December 31, 2017). RESULTS Ninety-four patients with SFN were identified, with an incidence of 1.3/100,000/y that increased over the study period and a prevalence of 13.3 per 100,000. Average follow-up was 6.1 years (0.7-43 years), and mean onset age was 54 years (range 14-83 years). Female sex (67%), obesity (body mass index mean 30.4 vs 28.5 kg/m2), insomnia (86% vs 54%), analgesic-opioid prescriptions (72% vs 46%), hypertriglyceridemia (180 mg/dL mean vs 147 mg/dL), and diabetes (51% vs 22%, p < 0.001) were more common (odds ratio 3.8-9.0, all p < 0.03). Patients with SFN did not self-identify as disabled with a median modified Rankin Scale score of 1.0 (range 0-6) vs 0.0 (0-6) for controls (p = 0.04). Higher Charlson comorbid conditions (median 6, range 3-9) occurred vs controls (median 3, range 1-9, p < 0.001). Myocardial infarctions occurred in 46% vs 27% of controls (p < 0.0001). Classifications included idiopathic (70%); diabetes (15%); Sjögren disease (2%); AL-amyloid (1%); transthyretin-amyloid (1%); Fabry disease (1%); lupus (1%); postviral (1%); Lewy body (1%), and multifactorial (5%). Foot ulcers occurred in 17, with 71% having diabetes. Large fiber neuropathy developed in 36%, on average 5.3 years (range 0.2-14.3 years) from SFN onset. Median onset Composite Autonomic Severity Score (CASS) was 3 (change per year 0.08, range 0-2.0). Median Neuropathy Impairment Scale (NIS) score was 2 at onset (range 0-8, change per year 1.0, range -7.9 to +23.3). NIS score and CASS change >1 point per year occurred in only AL-amyloid, hereditary transthyretin-amyloid, Fabry, uncontrolled diabetes, and Lewy body. Death after symptom onset was higher in patients with SFN (19%) vs controls (12%, p < 0.001), 50% secondary to diabetes complications. DISCUSSION Isolated SFN is uncommon but increasing in incidence. Most patients do not develop major neurologic impairments and disability but have multiple comorbid conditions, including cardiovascular ischemic events, and increased mortality from SFN onsets. Development of large fiber involvements and diabetes are common over time. Targeted testing facilitates interventional therapies for diabetes but also rheumatologic and rare genetic forms.
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Thomas DC, Vedantham R, Annamalai N, Pitchumani PK. Bilateral intraoral traumatic neuroma: Case report of a diagnostic challenge. J Indian Prosthodont Soc 2021; 21:430-433. [PMID: 34810373 PMCID: PMC8617452 DOI: 10.4103/jips.jips_354_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral traumatic neuromas (TrNs) are relatively rare lesions and they originate from a damaged nerve. They present a diagnostic challenge, due to the complex clinical features that may mimic odontogenic, musculoskeletal, and other neuropathic pain conditions. We describe an interesting and challenging case of painful bilateral intraoral lesions in a 56-year-old South Indian female patient who presented with clinical features consistent with TrN lesions bilaterally, in relation to different branches of the trigeminal nerve. The patient had undergone numerous aggressive dental treatments and interventions over the past three decades, with little or no pain relief. Topical treatment with lidocaine gel utilizing a custom-made neurosensory stent rendered the patient significant and sustained pain relief.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davis C Thomas
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Center for TMD and Orofacial Pain, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Rangarajan Vedantham
- Department of Prosthodontics, Sri Venkateswara Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Nishanthini Annamalai
- Department of Prosthodontics, Sri Venkateswara Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Zoccarato M, Grisold W, Grisold A, Poretto V, Boso F, Giometto B. Paraneoplastic Neuropathies: What's New Since the 2004 Recommended Diagnostic Criteria. Front Neurol 2021; 12:706169. [PMID: 34659082 PMCID: PMC8517070 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.706169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The diagnostic criteria published by the PNS (Paraneoplastic Neurological Syndromes) Euronetwork in 2004 provided a useful classification of PNS, including paraneoplastic neuropathies. Subacute sensory neuronopathy (SSN) was the most frequently observed peripheral PNS, whereas other forms of neuropathy, as sensory polyneuropathy, sensorimotor polyneuropathy, demyelinating neuropathies, autonomic neuropathies, and focal nerve or plexus lesions, were less frequent. At the time of publication, the main focus was on onconeural antibodies, but knowledge regarding the mechanisms has since expanded. The antibodies associated with PNS are commonly classified as onconeural (intracellular) and neuronal surface antibodies (NSAbs). Since 2004, the number of antibodies and the associated tumors has increased. Knowledge has grown on the mechanisms underlying the neuropathies observed in lymphoma, paraproteinemia, and multiple myeloma. Moreover, other unrevealed mechanisms underpin sensorimotor neuropathies and late-stage neuropathies, where patients in advanced stages of cancer—often associated with weight loss—experience some mild sensorimotor neuropathy, without concomitant use of neurotoxic drugs. The spectrum of paraneoplastic neuropathies has increased to encompass motor neuropathies, small fiber neuropathies, and autonomic and nerve hyperexcitability syndromes. In addition, also focal neuropathies, as cranial nerves, plexopathies, and mononeuropathies, are considered in some cases to be of paraneoplastic origin. A key differential diagnosis for paraneoplastic neuropathy, during the course of cancer disease (the rare occurrence of a PNS), is chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN). Today, novel complications that also involve the peripheral nervous system are emerging from novel anti-cancer therapies, as targeted and immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICH) treatment. Therapeutic options are categorized into causal and symptomatic. Causal treatments anecdotally mention tumor removal. Immunomodulation is sometimes performed for immune-mediated conditions but is still far from constituting evidence. Symptomatic treatment must always be considered, consisting of both drug therapy (e.g., pain) and attempts to treat disability and neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Zoccarato
- Neurology Unit O.S.A., Azienda Ospedale-Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Wolfgang Grisold
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology Donaueschingenstraße 13 A-1200 Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna Grisold
- Department of Neurology, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Valentina Poretto
- Neurology Unit, Ospedale S Chiara, Azienda Provinciale per i Servizi Sanitari (APSS), Trento, Italy
| | - Federica Boso
- Neurology Unit, Ospedale S Chiara, Azienda Provinciale per i Servizi Sanitari (APSS), Trento, Italy
| | - Bruno Giometto
- Neurology Unit, Ospedale S Chiara, Azienda Provinciale per i Servizi Sanitari (APSS), Trento, Italy.,Department of Neurology, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
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Raasing LR, Vogels OJ, Veltkamp M, van Swol CF, Grutters JC. Current View of Diagnosing Small Fiber Neuropathy. J Neuromuscul Dis 2021; 8:185-207. [PMID: 33337383 PMCID: PMC8075405 DOI: 10.3233/jnd-200490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Small fiber neuropathy (SFN) is a disorder of the small myelinated Aδ-fibers and unmyelinated C-fibers [5, 6]. SFN might affect small sensory fibers, autonomic fibers or both, resulting in sensory changes, autonomic dysfunction or combined symptoms [7]. As a consequence, the symptoms are potentially numerous and have a large impact on quality of life [8]. Since diagnostic methods for SFN are numerous and its pathophysiology complex, this extensive review focusses on categorizing all aspects of SFN as disease and its diagnosis. In this review, sensitivity in combination with specificity of different diagnostic methods are described using the areas under the curve. In the end, a diagnostic work-flow is suggested based on different phenotypes of SFN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisette R.M. Raasing
- ILD Center of Excellence, Department of Pulmonology,St Antonius Hospital, CM, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - Oscar J.M. Vogels
- Department of Neurology, St Antonius Hospital, CM, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel Veltkamp
- ILD Center of Excellence, Department of Pulmonology,St Antonius Hospital, CM, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
- Division of Heart and Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jan C. Grutters
- ILD Center of Excellence, Department of Pulmonology,St Antonius Hospital, CM, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
- Division of Heart and Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Higgins DM, Heapy AA, Buta E, LaChappelle KM, Serowik KL, Czlapinski R, Kerns RD. A randomized controlled trial of cognitive behavioral therapy compared with diabetes education for diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain. J Health Psychol 2020; 27:649-662. [PMID: 33070667 DOI: 10.1177/1359105320962262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
A randomized controlled trial compared cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and diabetes education (ED) as an adjunctive treatment for diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain (DPNP). We examined change from baseline to 12- and 36-week follow-up in overall pain intensity (NRS), neuropathic pain intensity/quality, pain interference, and mental health functioning, among others. Although CBT participants demonstrated improvement in pain intensity NRS, there were no between-condition differences at either follow-up. CBT reduced neuropathic pain intensity at 12-weeks more than ED. At 36-weeks, CBT was superior to ED for improving pain interference and mental health functioning. Results provide evidence of benefit of CBT for DPNP. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00830011
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana M Higgins
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alicia A Heapy
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
- Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Eugenia Buta
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Kristin L Serowik
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
- Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Robert D Kerns
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
- Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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Naseri R, Farzaei F, Fakhri S, El-Senduny FF, Altouhamy M, Bahramsoltani R, Ebrahimi F, Rahimi R, Farzaei MH. Polyphenols for diabetes associated neuropathy: Pharmacological targets and clinical perspective. Daru 2019; 27:781-798. [PMID: 31352568 PMCID: PMC6895369 DOI: 10.1007/s40199-019-00289-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Diabetic neuropathy (DNP) is a widespread and debilitating complication with complex pathophysiology that is caused by neuronal dysfunction in diabetic patients. Conventional therapeutics for DNP are quite challenging due to their serious adverse effects. Hence, there is a need to investigate novel effective and safe options. The novelty of the present study was to provide available therapeutic approaches, emerging molecular mechanisms, signaling pathways and future directions of DNP as well as polyphenols' effect, which accordingly, give new insights for paving the way for novel treatments in DNP. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION A comprehensive review was done in electronic databases including Medline, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, national database (Irandoc and SID), and related articles regarding metabolic pathways on the pathogenesis of DNP as well as the polyphenols' effect. The keywords "diabetic neuropathy" and "diabetes mellitus" in the title/abstract and "polyphenol" in the whole text were used. Data were collected from inception until May 2019. RESULTS DNP complications is mostly related to a poor glycemic control and metabolic imbalances mainly inflammation and oxidative stress. Several signaling and molecular pathways play key roles in the pathogenesis and progression of DNP. Among natural entities, polyphenols are suggested as multi-target alternatives affecting most of these pathogenesis mechanisms in DNP. CONCLUSION The findings revealed novel pathogenicity signaling pathways of DNP and affirmed the auspicious role of polyphenols to tackle these destructive pathways in order to prevent, manage, and treat various diseases. Graphical Abstract .
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Affiliation(s)
- Rozita Naseri
- Faculty of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Farzaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Sajad Fakhri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Fardous F El-Senduny
- Biochemistry division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Miram Altouhamy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Roodabeh Bahramsoltani
- Department of Pharmacy in Persian Medicine, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- PhytoPharmacology Interest Group (PPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Farnaz Ebrahimi
- Pharmacy students` research committee, School of pharmacy, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Roja Rahimi
- Department of Pharmacy in Persian Medicine, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- PhytoPharmacology Interest Group (PPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hosein Farzaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Jeevendra Martyn
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Shriners Hospital for Children, and Harvard Medical School - all in Boston
| | - Jianren Mao
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Shriners Hospital for Children, and Harvard Medical School - all in Boston
| | - Edward A Bittner
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Shriners Hospital for Children, and Harvard Medical School - all in Boston
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16
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Cerles O, Gonçalves TC, Chouzenoux S, Benoit E, Schmitt A, Bennett Saidu NE, Kavian N, Chéreau C, Gobeaux C, Weill B, Coriat R, Nicco C, Batteux F. Preventive action of benztropine on platinum-induced peripheral neuropathies and tumor growth. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2019; 7:9. [PMID: 30657060 PMCID: PMC6337872 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-019-0657-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The endogenous cholinergic system plays a key role in neuronal cells, by suppressing neurite outgrowth and myelination and, in some cancer cells, favoring tumor growth. Platinum compounds are widely used as part of first line conventional cancer chemotherapy; their efficacy is however limited by peripheral neuropathy as a major side-effect. In a multiple sclerosis mouse model, benztropine, that also acts as an anti-histamine and a dopamine re-uptake inhibitor, induced the differentiation of oligodendrocytes through M1 and M3 muscarinic receptors and enhanced re-myelination. We have evaluated whether benztropine can increase anti-tumoral efficacy of oxaliplatin, while preventing its neurotoxicity.We showed that benztropine improves acute and chronic clinical symptoms of oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathies in mice. Sensory alterations detected by electrophysiology in oxaliplatin-treated mice were consistent with a decreased nerve conduction velocity and membrane hyperexcitability due to alterations in the density and/or functioning of both sodium and potassium channels, confirmed by action potential analysis from ex-vivo cultures of mouse dorsal root ganglion sensory neurons using whole-cell patch-clamp. These alterations were all prevented by benztropine. In oxaliplatin-treated mice, MBP expression, confocal and electronic microscopy of the sciatic nerves revealed a demyelination and confirmed the alteration of the myelinated axons morphology when compared to animals injected with oxaliplatin plus benztropine. Benztropine also prevented the decrease in neuronal density in the paws of mice injected with oxaliplatin. The neuroprotection conferred by benztropine against chemotherapeutic drugs was associated with a lower expression of inflammatory cytokines and extended to diabetic-induced peripheral neuropathy in mice.Mice receiving benztropine alone presented a lower tumor growth when compared to untreated animals and synergized the anti-tumoral effect of oxaliplatin, a phenomenon explained at least in part by benztropine-induced ROS imbalance in tumor cells.This report shows that blocking muscarinic receptors with benztropine prevents peripheral neuropathies and increases the therapeutic index of oxaliplatin. These results can be rapidly transposable to patients as benztropine is currently indicated in Parkinson's disease in the United States.
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Garcia-Larrea L, Hagiwara K. Electrophysiology in diagnosis and management of neuropathic pain. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2019; 175:26-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2018.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Zhu CL, Zhao WY, Qiu XD, Zhao SW, Zhong LZ, He N. A meta-analysis of surgical decompression in the treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e12399. [PMID: 30213013 PMCID: PMC6155999 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000012399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over the last decade, surgical decompression procedures have been commonly used in the treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). However, the effectiveness of them remains to be proved. METHODS A comprehensive literature search of databases including PubMed-Medline, Ovid-Embase, and Cochrane Library was performed to collect the related literatures. The Medical Subject Headings used were "diabetic neuropathy," "surgical decompression," and "outcomes." The methodological index for nonrandomized studies was adopted for assessing the studies included in this review. Analyses were performed with Review Manager (Version 5.3, The Nordic Cochrane Centre, the Cochrane Collaboration, Copenhagen, 2014). RESULTS A total of 12 literatures (including 8 prospective and 4 retrospective) encompassing 1825 patients with DPN were included in the final analysis. Only 1 literature was identified as a randomized-controlled trial. The remaining 11 literatures were observational studies; 7 of them were classified as upper-extremity nerve decompression group and 4 of them were classified as lower-extremity nerve decompression group. Meta-analysis shows that Boston questionnaire symptom severity and functional status of upper extremities, and distal motor latency and sensory conduction velocity of median nerve of DPN patients are significantly improved after carpal tunnel release. Besides, visual analog scale and 2-point discrimination are considered clinically and statistically significant in lower extremities after operation. CONCLUSIONS The findings from our review have shown the efficacy of surgical decompression procedures in relieving the neurologic symptoms and restoring the sensory deficits in DPN patients. As there are few high-quality randomized-controlled trials or well-designed prospective studies, more data are needed to elucidate the role of surgical procedures for DPN treatment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Li-Zhe Zhong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University
| | - Na He
- Basic Medical College of Beihua University, Jilin, China
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Cavichioli FJ, Bernal GNB, Holzmann I, Klein JB, Escarcena R, Del Olmo E, San Feliciano A, Cechinel Filho V, Quintão NLM. Anti-hyperalgesic effects of two sphingosine derivatives in different acute and chronic models of hyperalgesia in mice. Pharmacol Rep 2018; 70:753-759. [PMID: 29936362 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2018.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Revised: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study evaluated the effects of two sphingosine derivatives N-(2-tert-butoxycarbamylhexadecyl)glutaramide (AA) and N-(1-benzyloxyhexadec-2-yl)glutaramide (OA) in different models of hypersensitivity in mice. METHODS Male Swiss mice were orally pre-treated with AA or OA (0.3-3mg/kg). After 1h, they received λ-carrageenan (300μg/paw), lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 100ng/paw), bradykinin (BK; 500ng/paw) or prostaglandin E2 (PGE2; 0.1nmol/paw) or epinephrine (100ng/paw), and the mechanical withdrawal thresholds were evaluated using von Frey filament (0.6g) at different time points. The effect of the compounds against inflammatory and neuropathic pain was also evaluated using complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA), or by performing partial sciatic nerve ligation (PSNL). RESULTS Animals pre-treated with AA and OA reduced hypersensitivity induced by carrageenan, LPS and BK, and modest inhibition of PGE2-induced hypersensitivity and carrageenan-induced paw oedema were observed in mice treated with OA. Though the partial effect presented by AA and OA, when dosed once a day, both compounds were able to significantly reduce the persistent inflammatory and neuropathic pain induced by CFA and PSNL, respectively. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate that the sphingosine derivatives AA and OA present important anti-hypersensitive effects, suggesting a possible interaction with the kinin signalling pathway. This may represent an interesting tool for the management of acute and chronic pain, with good bioavailability and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Graylin N B Bernal
- Biomedicine Course, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Iandra Holzmann
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Juliana Bagatini Klein
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Escarcena
- Departament of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy-CIETUS, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Esther Del Olmo
- Departament of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy-CIETUS, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Arturo San Feliciano
- Departament of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy-CIETUS, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Valdir Cechinel Filho
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil; Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR), Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Nara L M Quintão
- Biomedicine Course, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
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Abstract
AbstractTerpineols are monocyclic monoterpene tertiary alcohols which are naturally present in plant species. There are five common isomers of terpineols, alpha-, beta-, gamma-, delta- and terpinen-4-ol, of which α-terpineol and its isomer terpinen-4-ol are the most common terpineols found in nature. α-Terpineol plays an important role in the industrial field. It has a pleasant odor similar to lilacs and it is a common ingredient in perfumes, cosmetics, and aromatic scents.In addition, α-terpineol attracts a great interest as it has a wide range of biological applications as an antioxidant, anticancer, anticonvulsant, antiulcer, antihypertensive, anti-nociceptive compound. It is also used to enhance skin penetration, and also has insecticidal properties. This study reviews the relevance of α-terpineol based on scientific findings on Google Scholar, Pubmed, Web of Science, Scopus and Chemical Abstracts.Collectively, the use of α-terpineol in medicine and in the pharmaceutical industry plays an important role in therapeutic applications. This review will, therefore, support future research in the utilization of α-terpineol.
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21
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Anversa RG, Sousa FSS, Birmann PT, Lima DB, Lenardão EJ, Bruning CA, Savegnago L. Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of 1,2-bis-(4 methoxyphenylselanyl) styrene in mice: involvement of the serotonergic system. J Pharm Pharmacol 2018; 70:901-909. [PMID: 29582424 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pain is one of the most prevalent, costly and disabling conditions that reduces quality of life. Although there are many analgesics available, there is some concern regarding their efficacy, safety and side effects. Organic selenium compounds are attractive targets of various research groups due to their pharmacological properties. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activity of 1,2-bis-(4-methoxyphenylselanyl) styrene (BMOSE) in mice, as well as to investigate the mechanism involved in the antinociceptive effect. METHODS The animals were submitted to the formalin and glutamate tests. The assessment of the possible involvement of the serotonergic system in BMOSE antinociceptive activity was performed using the glutamate test. Also, we investigated the possible toxicity of the compound. KEY FINDINGS 1,2-bis-(4-methoxyphenylselanyl) styrene (0.1-50 mg/kg, i.g.) was efficient in avoiding nociception induced by glutamate and formalin and also reduced paw oedema. The possible involvement of 5-HT3 serotoninergic receptor antagonist ondansetron blocked the antinociceptive effect of BMOSE. The acute toxicity assays did not show any toxicity related to the administration of BMOSE (200 mg/kg). CONCLUSIONS It is possible to conclude that BMOSE has both antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activity, and the serotoninergic system, more specifically, the 5-HT3 receptor, is involved in the effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Gonçalves Anversa
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Neurobiotecnologia - GPN- Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, CDTec, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, UFPel, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Severo Sabedra Sousa
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Neurobiotecnologia - GPN-Programa de Pós Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, PPGBBio, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, UFPel, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Paloma Taborda Birmann
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Neurobiotecnologia - GPN-Programa de Pós Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, PPGBBio, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, UFPel, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - David Borba Lima
- Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica Limpa- LASOL, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, UFPel, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Eder João Lenardão
- Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica Limpa- LASOL, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, UFPel, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - César Augusto Bruning
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Neurobiotecnologia - GPN-Programa de Pós Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, PPGBBio, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, UFPel, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Lucielli Savegnago
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Neurobiotecnologia - GPN- Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, CDTec, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, UFPel, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
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Abstract
Pain is a complex subjective experience, associated with neurovegetative, affective and cognitive rapid changes. Biological, psychosocial and contextual factors may contribute. Chronic inflammation, of whatever cause, is the leading contributor to chronic pain. The mast cell directs both the inflammatory process and the shift to chronic pain, mediating through the production of Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) and other neurotrophic molecules. Women, in the fertile age, are biologically more vulnerable to chronic inflammation, as fluctuations of estrogens are agonist factors of mast cells degranulation, mostly in the premenstrual phase. Pain is defined as “nociceptive” when it indicates an ongoing damage; “neuropathic” when it becomes a disease per se. Chronic Pelvic Pain (CPP) indicates an invalidating, persistent or recurrent pelvic pain, persisting for more than 6 months. CPP is the main complaint of 10–15% of gynaecologic consultations, leading to 40% of diagnostic laparoscopies and 15% of hysterectomies. Comorbidity, i.e. the coexistence of pathologies and painful syndromes in different pelvic organs, is another common feature. Cystitis, vulvar vestibulitis, endometriosis, irritable bowel syndrome all play an important role and contribute to identifying the hyperactive mast cell and related chronic inflammation as the common pathophysiologic factor. The paper reviews nociception characteristics, the emerging role of mast cells, the pathophysiology of comorbidity, biological, psychosexual and contextual predictors, and stresses the need to move from a “hyperspecialistic” perspective to a multisystemic reading of CPP, with special attention to the urologic perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Graziottin
- Centro di Ginecologia e Sessuologia Medica, “H. San Raffaele Resnati”, Milano
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Liu Y, Wang L, Lao J, Zhao X. Changes in microRNA expression in the brachial plexus avulsion model of neuropathic pain. Int J Mol Med 2017; 41:1509-1517. [PMID: 29286067 PMCID: PMC5819907 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.3333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to perform microRNA (miRNA/miR) expression profiling of the thalamus (T), the anterior cingulate (AC), the dorsal horn of the spinal cord (DHSC) and the blood (B) in post‑complete brachial plexus avulsion (CBPA) pain model, and analyze biological functions. Neuropathic pain was induced in Sprague‑Dawley rats by CBPA. Animal behavioral tests were performed to differentiate the pain and control groups. DHSC, T, AC and B tissues were collected from the two groups for miRNA array analysis. The predicted mRNA targets were investigated by Gene Ontology analysis and pathway analysis. The results revealed that in the post‑CBPA pain model, there were 10 differentially expressed miRNAs revealed among 4 different tissues. A total of 4 microRNAs in the AC and 3 microRNAs in the T were shown to be significantly upregulated. The functions of the differentially expressed miRNAs in the AC and T were synergetic in the aspect of positive regulation of neuron apoptotic process, inhibition of long‑term potentiation and formation of synapse plasticity. miR‑30c‑1‑3p and its predicted genes [calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase IIβ (Camk2b) and protein kinase Cγ (Prkcg)] existed in the AC and T groups with significant changes in expression. There were 2 miRNAs in the DHSC and B groups, respectively, with significant downregulation. The function of the change in miRNAs in the DHSC group was opposite to that in the AC and T groups. The differentially expressed microRNAs in the B group were revealed to be negative for the regulation of cell apoptosis. In conclusion, the central nerve groups (AC and T) and the peripheral nerve group (DHSC) exhibited contrasting effects on synapse plasticity and neuron apoptosis. miR‑30c‑1‑3p and its predicted genes (Camk2b and Prkcg) existed in the AC and T groups with significant changes in expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhou Liu
- Department of Hand Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Le Wang
- Department of Hand Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Jie Lao
- Department of Hand Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Hand Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
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Tongluo Zhitong Prescription Alleviates Allodynia, Hyperalgesia, and Dyskinesia in the Chronic Constriction Injury Model of Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 2017:8197281. [PMID: 29358972 PMCID: PMC5735685 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8197281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Neuropathic pain is common in clinical practice. Exploration of new drug therapeutics has always been carried out for more satisfactory effects and fewer side-effects. In the present study, we aimed to investigate effects of Tongluo Zhitong Prescription (TZP), a compounded Chinese medicine description, on neuropathic pain model of rats with chronic constriction injury (CCI). The CCI model was established by loosely ligating sciatic nerve with catgut suture, proximal to its trifurcation. The static and dynamic allodynia, heat hyperalgesia, mechanical allodynia, cold allodynia, and gait were assessed. Our results showed that TZP alleviated CCI-induced static and dynamic allodynia, suppressed heat hyperalgesia and cold and mechanical allodynia, and improved gait function. These results suggest that TZP could alleviate neuropathic pain. Further experiments are needed to explore its mechanisms.
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Effect of simvastatin on sensorial, motor, and morphological parameters in sciatic nerve crush induced-neuropathic pain in rats. Inflammopharmacology 2017; 26:793-804. [PMID: 29188473 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-017-0425-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The present study compares the effects of a low and high doses of simvastatin in a model of peripheral neuropathy by evaluating sensorial, motor, and morphological parameters. First, male Wistar rats were orally treated with vehicle (saline, 1 mL/kg), simvastatin (2 and 80 mg/kg) or morphine (2 mg/kg, s.c.), 1 h before 2.5% formalin injection. Neuropathic pain was induced by crushing the sciatic nerve, and mechanical and cold allodynia, nerve function, histology, MPO and NAG concentrations, as well as mevalonate induced-nociception were evaluated. Animals were orally treated with vehicle, simvastatin, or gabapentin (30 mg/kg) for 18 days. Simvastatin (2 and 80 mg/kg) reduced the inflammatory pain induced by formalin, but failed to decrease the paw edema. Mechanical allodynia was reduced by the simvastatin (2 mg/kg) until the 12th day after injury and until the 18th day by gabapentin. However, both simvastatin and gabapentin treatments failed in attenuated cold allodynia or improved motor function. Interestingly, both doses of simvastatin showed a neuroprotective effect and inhibited MPO activity without altering kidney and hepatic parameters. Additionally, only the higher dose of simvastatin reduced the cholesterol levels and the nociception induced by mevalonate. Our results reinforce the antinociceptive, antiallodynic, and anti-inflammatory effects of oral simvastatin administration, which can strongly contribute to the sciatic nerve morphology preservation. Furthermore, our data suggest that lower and higher doses of simvastatin present beneficial effects that are dependent and independent of the mevalonate pathway, respectively, without causing signs of nerve damage.
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Sousa FS, Anversa RG, Birmann PT, de Souza MN, Balaguez R, Alves D, Luchese C, Wilhelm EA, Savegnago L. Contribution of dopaminergic and noradrenergic systems in the antinociceptive effect of α-(phenylalanyl) acetophenone. Pharmacol Rep 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2017.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Symptom profiles in the painDETECT Questionnaire in patients with peripheral neuropathic pain stratified according to sensory loss in quantitative sensory testing. Pain 2017; 157:1810-1818. [PMID: 27093432 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000000588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The painDETECT Questionnaire (PDQ) is commonly used as a screening tool to discriminate between neuropathic pain (NP) and nociceptive pain, based on the self-report of symptoms, including pain qualities, numbness, and pain to touch, cold, or heat. However, there are minimal data about whether the PDQ is differentially sensitive to different sensory phenotypes in NP. The aim of the study was to analyze whether the overall PDQ score or its items reflect phenotypes of sensory loss in NP as determined by quantitative sensory testing. An exploratory analysis in the Innovative Medicines Initiative Europain and Neuropain database was performed. Data records of 336 patients identified with NP were grouped into sensory profiles characterized by (1) no loss of sensation, (2) loss of thermal sensation, (3) loss of mechanical sensation, and (4) loss of thermal and mechanical sensation. painDETECT Questionnaire profiles were analyzed in a 2-factor analysis of variance. Patients with loss of thermal sensation (2 and 4) significantly more often reported pain evoked by light touch, and patients with loss of mechanical sensation (3 and 4) significantly more often reported numbness and significantly less often burning sensations and pain evoked by light touch. Although the PDQ was not designed to assess sensory loss, single items reflect thermal and/or mechanical sensory loss at group level, but because of substantial variability, the PDQ does not allow for individual allocation of patients into sensory profiles. It will be useful to develop screening tools according to the current definition of NP.
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Corbett CF. Practical Management of Patients With Painful Diabetic Neuropathy. DIABETES EDUCATOR 2016; 31:523-4, 526-8, 530 passim. [PMID: 16100329 DOI: 10.1177/0145721705278800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Painful diabetic neuropathy (PDN) has a significant impact on patients’ quality of life, affecting sleep, mood, mobility, ability to work, interpersonal relationships, overall self-worth, and independence. The purpose of this article is to provide diabetes educators with current and essential tools for PDN assessment and management. Methods Medline and CINAHL database searches identified publications on the assessment and treatment of PDN. Identified research was evaluated, and information pertinent to diabetes educators was summarized. Results Recent advancements in assessment of neuropathic pain include identifying characteristics that distinguish between neuropathic and nonneuropathic pain. In the absence of treatment, research demonstrates that nerve damage may progress while pain diminishes. Many disease-modifying and symptom-management treatment options are available. Conclusion Good glycemic control is the first priority for both prevention and management of PDN. However, even with good glycemic control, up to 20% of patients will develop PDN. PDN recognition and assessment are critical to optimize management. Although several treatment modalities are available, few patients obtain complete pain relief. Recent advances in understanding the mechanisms underlying neuropathic pain should lead to better treatment and patient outcomes. Combination therapy, including nonpharmacologic modalities, may be required. Research evaluating the efficacy of combination therapy is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia F Corbett
- Intercollegiate College of Nursing, Washington State University, 2917 West Fort George Wright Drive, Spokane, Washington 99224, USA.
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Shahid M, Subhan F, Ahmad N, Ali G, Akbar S, Fawad K, Sewell R. Topical gabapentin gel alleviates allodynia and hyperalgesia in the chronic sciatic nerve constriction injury neuropathic pain model. Eur J Pain 2016; 21:668-680. [DOI: 10.1002/ejp.971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Shahid
- Department of Pharmacy; Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology; Peshawar Pakistan
- Department of Pharmacy; University of Peshawar; Pakistan
| | - F. Subhan
- Department of Pharmacy; University of Peshawar; Pakistan
| | - N. Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacy; University of Peshawar; Pakistan
| | - G. Ali
- Department of Pharmacy; University of Peshawar; Pakistan
| | - S. Akbar
- Department of Pharmacy; University of Peshawar; Pakistan
| | - K. Fawad
- Department of Pharmacy; University of Peshawar; Pakistan
| | - R.D.E. Sewell
- Cardiff School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences; Cardiff University; UK
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Affiliation(s)
- Junad Khan
- Center for Temporomandibular Disorders and Orofacial Pain, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, C 850, 07103, Newark, NJ, USA
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Griggs RB, Donahue RR, Adkins BG, Anderson KL, Thibault O, Taylor BK. Pioglitazone Inhibits the Development of Hyperalgesia and Sensitization of Spinal Nociresponsive Neurons in Type 2 Diabetes. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2016; 17:359-73. [PMID: 26687453 PMCID: PMC4791042 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2015.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Revised: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Thiazolidinedione drugs (TZDs) such as pioglitazone are approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes. However, whether TZDs reduce painful diabetic neuropathy (PDN) remains unknown. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that chronic administration of pioglitazone would reduce PDN in Zucker Diabetic Fatty (ZDF(fa/fa) [ZDF]) rats. Compared with Zucker Lean (ZL(fa/+)) controls, ZDF rats developed: (1) increased blood glucose, hemoglobin A1c, methylglyoxal, and insulin levels; (2) mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia in the hind paw; (3) increased avoidance of noxious mechanical probes in a mechanical conflict avoidance behavioral assay, to our knowledge, the first report of a measure of affective-motivational pain-like behavior in ZDF rats; and (4) exaggerated lumbar dorsal horn immunohistochemical expression of pressure-evoked phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase. Seven weeks of pioglitazone (30 mg/kg/d in food) reduced blood glucose, hemoglobin A1c, hyperalgesia, and phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase expression in ZDF. To our knowledge, this is the first report to reveal hyperalgesia and spinal sensitization in the same ZDF animals, both evoked by a noxious mechanical stimulus that reflects pressure pain frequently associated with clinical PDN. Because pioglitazone provides the combined benefit of reducing hyperglycemia, hyperalgesia, and central sensitization, we suggest that TZDs represent an attractive pharmacotherapy in patients with type 2 diabetes-associated pain. PERSPECTIVE To our knowledge, this is the first preclinical report to show that: (1) ZDF rats exhibit hyperalgesia and affective-motivational pain concurrent with central sensitization; and (2) pioglitazone reduces hyperalgesia and spinal sensitization to noxious mechanical stimulation within the same subjects. Further studies are needed to determine the anti-PDN effect of TZDs in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan B Griggs
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky Medical Center, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Renee R Donahue
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky Medical Center, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Braxton G Adkins
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky Medical Center, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Katie L Anderson
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Science, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky Medical Center, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Olivier Thibault
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Science, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky Medical Center, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Bradley K Taylor
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky Medical Center, Lexington, Kentucky.
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Aman U, Subhan F, Shahid M, Akbar S, Ahmad N, Ali G, Fawad K, Sewell RDE. Passiflora incarnata attenuation of neuropathic allodynia and vulvodynia apropos GABA-ergic and opioidergic antinociceptive and behavioural mechanisms. Altern Ther Health Med 2016; 16:77. [PMID: 26912265 PMCID: PMC4765057 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1048-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Passiflora incarnata is widely used as an anxiolytic and sedative due to its putative GABAergic properties. Passiflora incarnata L. methanolic extract (PI-ME) was evaluated in an animal model of streptozotocin-induced diabetic neuropathic allodynia and vulvodynia in rats along with antinociceptive, anxiolytic and sedative activities in mice in order to examine possible underlying mechanisms. Methods PI-ME was tested preliminary for qualitative phytochemical analysis and then quantitatively by proximate and GC-MS analysis. The antinociceptive property was evaluated using the abdominal constriction assay and hot plate test. The anxiolytic activity was performed in a stair case model and sedative activity in an open field test. The antagonistic activities were evaluated using naloxone and/or pentylenetetrazole (PTZ). PI-ME was evaluated for prospective anti-allodynic and anti-vulvodynic properties in a rat model of streptozotocin induced neuropathic pain using the static and dynamic testing paradigms of mechanical allodynia and vulvodynia. Results GC-MS analysis revealed that PI-ME contained predominant quantities of oleamide (9-octadecenamide), palmitic acid (hexadecanoic acid) and 3-hydroxy-dodecanoic acid, among other active constituents. In the abdominal constriction assay and hot plate test, PI-ME produced dose dependant, naloxone and pentylenetetrazole reversible antinociception suggesting an involvement of opioidergic and GABAergic mechanisms. In the stair case test, PI-ME at 200 mg/kg increased the number of steps climbed while at 600 mg/kg a significant decrease was observed. The rearing incidence was diminished by PI-ME at all tested doses and in the open field test, PI-ME decreased locomotor activity to an extent that was analagous to diazepam. The effects of PI-ME were antagonized by PTZ in both the staircase and open field tests implicating GABAergic mechanisms in its anxiolytic and sedative activities. In the streptozotocin-induced neuropathic nociceptive model, PI-ME (200 and 300 mg/kg) exhibited static and dynamic anti-allodynic effects exemplified by an increase in paw withdrawal threshold and paw withdrawal latency. PI-ME relieved only the dynamic component of vulvodynia by increasing flinching response latency. Conclusions These findings suggest that Passiflora incarnata might be useful for treating neuropathic pain. The antinociceptive and behavioural findings inferring that its activity may stem from underlying opioidergic and GABAergic mechanisms though a potential oleamide-sourced cannabimimetic involvement is also discussed. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12906-016-1048-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Abstract
Chronic pain affects nearly one-third of the American population. Chronic pain can lead to a variety of problems for a pain sufferer, including developing secondary medical problems, depression, functional and vocational disability, opioid abuse and suicide. Current pain care models are deficient in providing a necessary comprehensive approach. Most patients with chronic pain are managed by primary care clinicians who are typically ill prepared to effectively and efficiently manage these cases. A biopsychosocial approach to evaluate and treat chronic pain is clinically and economically efficacious, but unique delivery systems are required to meet the challenge of access to specialty care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin D Cheatle
- Center for Studies of Addiction, Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3535 Market Street, 4th Floor, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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Sarmento-Neto JF, do Nascimento LG, Felipe CFB, de Sousa DP. Analgesic Potential of Essential Oils. Molecules 2015; 21:E20. [PMID: 26703556 PMCID: PMC6273222 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21010020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2015] [Revised: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pain is an unpleasant sensation associated with a wide range of injuries and diseases, and affects approximately 20% of adults in the world. The discovery of new and more effective drugs that can relieve pain is an important research goal in both the pharmaceutical industry and academia. This review describes studies involving antinociceptive activity of essential oils from 31 plant species. Botanical aspects of aromatic plants, mechanisms of action in pain models and chemical composition profiles of the essential oils are discussed. The data obtained in these studies demonstrate the analgesic potential of this group of natural products for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Ferreira Sarmento-Neto
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, CEP 58.051-900 João Pessoa-PB, Brazil.
| | - Lázaro Gomes do Nascimento
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, CEP 58.051-900 João Pessoa-PB, Brazil.
| | | | - Damião Pergentino de Sousa
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, CEP 58.051-900 João Pessoa-PB, Brazil.
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Dutra R, Bicca M, Segat G, Silva K, Motta E, Pianowski L, Costa R, Calixto J. The antinociceptive effects of the tetracyclic triterpene euphol in inflammatory and neuropathic pain models: The potential role of PKCε. Neuroscience 2015; 303:126-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.06.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Revised: 06/20/2015] [Accepted: 06/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Yoo M, D'Silva LJ, Martin K, Sharma NK, Pasnoor M, LeMaster JW, Kluding PM. Pilot Study of Exercise Therapy on Painful Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy. PAIN MEDICINE 2015; 16:1482-9. [PMID: 25800666 DOI: 10.1111/pme.12743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a common complication of diabetes. While the beneficial effect of exercise on diabetes is well established, its effect specifically on painful DPN has not been thoroughly explored. The objective of this pilot study was to examine the effect of aerobic exercise on pain in people with DPN. METHODS Fourteen sedentary individuals (mean age 57 ± 5.11 years) with painful DPN were enrolled in a 16-week, supervised aerobic exercise program. The Brief Pain Inventory-Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy was used to assess pain intensity (worst, least, average, now) and pain interference with daily life (activity, mood, walk, normal work, relationship, sleep, enjoyment of life) pre intervention and postintervention. Body mass index (BMI), maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max ), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and blood pressure were also measured preintervention and postintervention as secondary outcomes of interest. RESULTS Significant reductions in pain interference were observed with walking (4.93 ± 3.03 pre to 3.29 ± 2.89 post, P = 0.016), normal work (5.39 ± 3.32 pre to 3.79 ± 3.04 post, P = 0.032), relationship with others (3.96 ± 3.53 pre to 1.29 ± 1.27 post, P = 0.006), sleep (5.11 ± 3.04 pre to 3.5 ± 3.03 post, P = 0.02), and the overall pain interference (4.65 ± 2.70 pre to 2.97 ± 2.22 post, P = 0.013) following the intervention; however, there was no change in pain intensity. VO2max increased significantly postintervention (16.02 ± 3.84 ml/kg/min pre to 17.18 ± 4.19 ml/kg/min, P = 0.028), while BMI, HbA1c, and blood pressure remained unchanged. CONCLUSION These preliminary results suggest that perceived pain interference may be reduced following an aerobic exercise intervention among people with painful DPN, without a change in pain intensity. Further validation by a RCT is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Yoo
- Departments of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, MS 3051, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Linda J D'Silva
- Departments of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, MS 3051, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Katherine Martin
- Departments of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, MS 3051, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Neena K Sharma
- Departments of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, MS 3051, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Mamatha Pasnoor
- Departments of Neurology University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, MS 3051, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Joseph W LeMaster
- Family Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, MS 3051, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Patricia M Kluding
- Departments of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, MS 3051, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
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Sarcoma excision and pattern of complicating sensory neuropathy. ISRN ONCOLOGY 2014; 2014:168698. [PMID: 25101182 PMCID: PMC4005025 DOI: 10.1155/2014/168698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A potential complication of sarcoma excision surgery is a sensory neurological dysfunction around the surgical scar. This study utilised both objective and subjective sensation assessment modalities, to evaluate 22 patients after sarcoma surgery, for a sensory deficit. 93% had an objective sensory deficit. Light touch is less likely to be damaged than pinprick sensation, and two-point discrimination is significantly reduced around the scar. Results also show that an increased scar size leads to an increased light touch and pinprick deficit and that two-point discriminatory ability around the scar improves as time after surgery elapses. 91% had a subjective deficit, most likely tingling or pain, and numbness was most probable with lower limb sarcomas. Results also demonstrated that there were no significant relationships between any specific subjective and objective deficits. In conclusion, sensory disturbance after sarcoma surgery is common and debilitating. Efforts to minimize scar length are paramount in the prevention of sensory deficit. Sensation may also recover to an extent; thus, sensory reeducation techniques must become an integral aspect of management plans. Finally to obtain a comprehensive assessment of sensory function, both objective and subjective assessment techniques must be utilised.
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Xu F, Li Y, Li S, Ma Y, Zhao N, Liu Y, Qian N, Zhao H, Li Y. Complete Freund’s adjuvant–induced acute inflammatory pain could be attenuated by triptolide via inhibiting spinal glia activation in rats. J Surg Res 2014; 188:174-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2013.11.1087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2013] [Revised: 11/12/2013] [Accepted: 11/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Abstract
Although simple characterization of discomfort as cramps, heaviness, shooting pains, and so forth can be misleading, history and examination are key to accurate diagnosis. Absence of both dorsalis pedis and posterior tibial pulses strongly suggests peripheral arterial disease (PAD), and the presence of either pulse makes PAD less likely. Hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors (statins) are a common cause of lower extremity myalgias. Restless legs syndrome causes nocturnal discomfort but must be distinguished from confounding“mimics." Neurologic causes of leg symptoms include lumbar spinal stenosis, radiculopathy, distal symmetric polyneuropathy, and entrapment neuropathy. Many common causes of leg discomfort can be managed conservatively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas Berger
- General Medicine Service, Department of Medicine, VA Puget Sound, University of Washington, 1660 South Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108, USA.
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Park MK, Lee HJ, Choi JK, Kim HJ, Kang JH, Lee EJ, Kim YR, Kang JH, Yoo JK, Cho HY, Kim JK, Kim CH, Park JH, Lee CH. Novel anti-nociceptive effects of cardamonin via blocking expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and transglutaminase-2. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2014; 118:10-5. [PMID: 24398147 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2013.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2013] [Revised: 11/01/2013] [Accepted: 12/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Recently, we reported that Alpinia katsumadai (AK) has anti-nociceptive activity in vivo and that cardamonin (CDN) from AK suppresses the activity and expression of transglutaminase-2 (Tgase-2). However, it remains unknown whether CDN contributes to the anti-nociceptive activities of AK in vivo. We examined the anti-inflammatory effects of CDN in MG63 osteoblast-like cells and Raw264.7 macrophage-like cells treated with interleukin-1β treatment. CDN suppressed the expression of Tgase-2, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and p65 (nuclear factor-κB) in a concentration-dependent manner, and restored the expression of IκB in MG63 and Raw264.7 cells. However, CDN did not inhibit the activity of COX-2. Gene silencing of Tgase-2 reduced the COX-2 expression in MG63 cells. Phenylbenzoquinone (PBQ)-induced writhing, carrageenan-induced hyperalgesia, and rota-rod test were used to evaluate the anti-nociceptive activity in vivo. CDN (3-30 mg/kg, orally administered) significantly inhibited PBQ-induced writhing. CDN also produced a significant, dose-dependent increase in the withdrawal response latencies in carrageenan-induced hyperalgesia. The effects of CDN on PBQ-induced writhing were not caused by impaired motor functions. These results suggest that CDN might be helpful in controlling the pain from inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Kyung Park
- BK21PLUS R-FIND team, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Seoul 100-715, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Ja Lee
- BK21PLUS R-FIND team, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Seoul 100-715, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Kyu Choi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ji Kim
- BK21PLUS R-FIND team, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Seoul 100-715, Republic of Korea
| | - June Hee Kang
- BK21PLUS R-FIND team, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Seoul 100-715, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ji Lee
- BK21PLUS R-FIND team, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Seoul 100-715, Republic of Korea
| | - You Ri Kim
- BK21PLUS R-FIND team, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Seoul 100-715, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Hee Kang
- National Cancer Center, Goyang 449-729, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Ki Yoo
- College of Pharmacy, CHA University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 463-836, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Yeong Cho
- Korea Pharmacology Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Yuseong, Daejeon 305-343, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Kyeoung Kim
- College of Pharmacy, CHA University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 463-836, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Hyun Kim
- Graduate School of Medicine, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Hwan Park
- BK21PLUS R-FIND team, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Seoul 100-715, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Hoon Lee
- BK21PLUS R-FIND team, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Seoul 100-715, Republic of Korea.
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Truini A, Garcia-Larrea L, Cruccu G. Reappraising neuropathic pain in humans--how symptoms help disclose mechanisms. Nat Rev Neurol 2013; 9:572-82. [PMID: 24018479 DOI: 10.1038/nrneurol.2013.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Neuropathic pain--that is, pain arising directly from a lesion or disease that affects the somatosensory system--is a common clinical problem, and typically causes patients intense distress. Patients with neuropathic pain have sensory abnormalities on clinical examination and experience pain of diverse types, some spontaneous and others provoked. Spontaneous pain typically manifests as ongoing burning pain or paroxysmal electric shock-like sensations. Provoked pain includes pain induced by various stimuli or even gentle brushing (dynamic mechanical allodynia). Recent clinical and neurophysiological studies suggest that the various pain types arise through distinct pathophysiological mechanisms. Ongoing burning pain primarily reflects spontaneous hyperactivity in nociceptive-fibre pathways, originating from 'irritable' nociceptors, regenerating nerve sprouts or denervated central neurons. Paroxysmal sensations can be caused by several mechanisms; for example, electric shock-like sensations probably arise from high-frequency bursts generated in demyelinated non-nociceptive Aβ fibres. Most human and animal findings suggest that brush-evoked allodynia originates from Aβ fibres projecting onto previously sensitized nociceptive neurons in the dorsal horn, with additional contributions from plastic changes in the brainstem and thalamus. Here, we propose that the emerging mechanism-based approach to the study of neuropathic pain might aid the tailoring of therapy to the individual patient, and could be useful for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Truini
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Sapienza University, Viale Università 30, 00185 Rome, Italy
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Abstract
Neuropathic pain management is an important aspect in the management of painful peripheral neuropathy. Anticonvulsants and antidepressants have been studied extensively and are often used as first-line agents in the management of neuropathic pain. In this article, data from multiple randomized controlled studies on painful peripheral neuropathies are summarized to guide physicians in treating neuropathic pain. Treatment is a challenge given the diverse mechanisms of pain and variable responses in individuals. However, most patients derive pain relief from a well-chosen monotherapy or well-designed polypharmacy that combines agents with different mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaya R Trivedi
- Department of Neurology & Neurotherapeutics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
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Yoo M, Sharma N, Pasnoor M, Kluding PM. Painful Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy: Presentations, Mechanisms, and Exercise Therapy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; Suppl 10. [PMID: 25360348 PMCID: PMC4211105 DOI: 10.4172/2155-6156.s10-005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a frequent complication of diabetes and a major cause of morbidity and increased mortality. It is typically characterized by significant deficits in tactile sensitivity, vibration sense, lower-limb proprioception, and kinesthesia. Painful diabetic neuropathy (P-DPN) is a common phenotype of DPN that affects up to one-third of the general diabetic population. P-DPN has been shown to be associated with significant reductions in overall quality of life, increased levels of anxiety and depression, sleep impairment, and greater gait variability. The purpose of this review is to examine proposed mechanisms of P-DPN, summarize current treatment regimen, and assess exercise as a potential therapy for P-PDN. Although exercise has been shown to be an effective therapeutic modality for diabetes, its specific effects on DPN and especially the painful phenotype have not been sufficiently investigated in current literature. Several rodent models and clinical trials have presented promising results in this area, and warrant further investigations examining the effect of exercise on P-DPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Yoo
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, USA
| | - Neena Sharma
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, USA
| | - Mamatha Pasnoor
- Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, USA
| | - Patricia M Kluding
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, USA
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Oaklander AL. Chapter 31 Neuropathological examination of peripheral nerves in painful neuropathies (neuralgias). HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2012; 81:463-XII. [PMID: 18808853 DOI: 10.1016/s0072-9752(06)80035-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
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Garcia-Larrea L. The posterior insular-opercular region and the search of a primary cortex for pain. Neurophysiol Clin 2012; 42:299-313. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neucli.2012.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2012] [Revised: 06/01/2012] [Accepted: 06/10/2012] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
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Del Fabbro L, Borges Filho C, Cattelan Souza L, Savegnago L, Alves D, Henrique Schneider P, de Salles HD, Jesse CR. Effects of Se-phenyl thiazolidine-4-carboselenoate on mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia in brachial plexus avulsion in mice: Mediation by cannabinoid CB1 and CB2 receptors. Brain Res 2012; 1475:31-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2012.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2012] [Revised: 07/26/2012] [Accepted: 08/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Anti-nociceptive effects of Tanshinone IIA (TIIA) in a rat model of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced inflammatory pain. Brain Res Bull 2012; 88:581-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2012.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2012] [Accepted: 06/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Farmer KL, Li C, Dobrowsky RT. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy: should a chaperone accompany our therapeutic approach? Pharmacol Rev 2012; 64:880-900. [PMID: 22885705 DOI: 10.1124/pr.111.005314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a common complication of diabetes that is associated with axonal atrophy, demyelination, blunted regenerative potential, and loss of peripheral nerve fibers. The development and progression of DPN is due in large part to hyperglycemia but is also affected by insulin deficiency and dyslipidemia. Although numerous biochemical mechanisms contribute to DPN, increased oxidative/nitrosative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction seem intimately associated with nerve dysfunction and diminished regenerative capacity. Despite advances in understanding the etiology of DPN, few approved therapies exist for the pharmacological management of painful or insensate DPN. Therefore, identifying novel therapeutic strategies remains paramount. Because DPN does not develop with either temporal or biochemical uniformity, its therapeutic management may benefit from a multifaceted approach that inhibits pathogenic mechanisms, manages inflammation, and increases cytoprotective responses. Finally, exercise has long been recognized as a part of the therapeutic management of diabetes, and exercise can delay and/or prevent the development of painful DPN. This review presents an overview of existing therapies that target both causal and symptomatic features of DPN and discusses the role of up-regulating cytoprotective pathways via modulating molecular chaperones. Overall, it may be unrealistic to expect that a single pharmacologic entity will suffice to ameliorate the multiple symptoms of human DPN. Thus, combinatorial therapies that target causal mechanisms and enhance endogenous reparative capacity may enhance nerve function and improve regeneration in DPN if they converge to decrease oxidative stress, improve mitochondrial bioenergetics, and increase response to trophic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin L Farmer
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
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