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Zhang X, Wang D, Liu B, Jin X, Wang X, Pan J, Tu W, Shao Y. IMP3 accelerates the progression of prostate cancer through inhibiting PTEN expression in a SMURF1-dependent way. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2020; 39:190. [PMID: 32938489 PMCID: PMC7493339 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-020-01657-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) messenger RNA binding protein 3 (IMP3) has been testified to be overexpressed in prostate cancer and strongly related to patients' poor prognosis. However, the functions of IMP3 and the underlying mechanisms in prostate cancer still remain unknown. Therefore, the current study was carried out to reveal the role and molecular mechanism of IMP3 in prostate cancer progression. METHODS The expression levels of IMP3 in prostate cancer tissues and cells were detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC), western blotting and RT-PCR. CCK-8, clone formation, flow cytometry and in vivo tumor formation assays were used to determine cell growth, clone formation apoptosis and tumorigenesis, respectively. The effect of IMP3 on the expression levels of the key proteins in PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, including PIP2, PIP3, p-AKT, AKT, p-mTOR, mTOR, PTEN and BAD activation of was determined by western blotting. IP (Immunoprecipitation) assay was used to evaluate the effects of IMP3 and SMURF1 (SMAD specific E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1) on the ubiquitination of PTEN protein. RESULTS IMP3 expression level was significantly increased in prostate cancer tissues and cell lines (LNCap, PC3 and DU145) as compared with the paracancerous normal tissues and cells (RWPE-1), respectively. High expression of IMP3 apparently promoted cell viability, tumorigenesis and inhibited cell apoptosis in prostate cancer LNCap, DU145 and PC3 cell lines. In mechanism, IMP3 upregulation significantly increased the phosphorylation levels of AKT and mTOR, and elevated PIP3 expression level, while induced significant reductions in the expression levels of BAD, PTEN and PIP2. And, IMP3 overexpression increased SMURF1 expression, which facilitated PTEN ubiquitination. In addition, SMURF1 overexpression enhanced prostate cancer cell viability and inhibited cell apoptosis. Silence of SMURF1 rescued the enhancements in cell proliferation and tumorigenesis and the inhibition in cell apoptosis rates induced by IMP3 in prostate cancer DU145 and LNCap cells. CONCLUSION This study reveals that IMP3 is overdressed in prostate cancer, which accelerates the progression of prostate cancer through activating PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway via increasing SMURF1-mediated PTEN ubiquitination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zhang
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, No. 197, 2nd Ruijin Road, Shanghai, 200025 PR China ,grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital North, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, No. 999, Xiwang Road, Shanghai, 201801 China
| | - Dawei Wang
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, No. 197, 2nd Ruijin Road, Shanghai, 200025 PR China ,grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital North, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, No. 999, Xiwang Road, Shanghai, 201801 China
| | - Boke Liu
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, No. 197, 2nd Ruijin Road, Shanghai, 200025 PR China ,grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital North, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, No. 999, Xiwang Road, Shanghai, 201801 China
| | - Xingwei Jin
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, No. 197, 2nd Ruijin Road, Shanghai, 200025 PR China ,grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital North, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, No. 999, Xiwang Road, Shanghai, 201801 China
| | - Xianjin Wang
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, No. 197, 2nd Ruijin Road, Shanghai, 200025 PR China ,grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital North, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, No. 999, Xiwang Road, Shanghai, 201801 China
| | - Junwei Pan
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, No. 197, 2nd Ruijin Road, Shanghai, 200025 PR China ,grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital North, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, No. 999, Xiwang Road, Shanghai, 201801 China
| | - Weichao Tu
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, No. 197, 2nd Ruijin Road, Shanghai, 200025 PR China ,grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital North, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, No. 999, Xiwang Road, Shanghai, 201801 China
| | - Yuan Shao
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, No. 197, 2nd Ruijin Road, Shanghai, 200025 PR China ,grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital North, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, No. 999, Xiwang Road, Shanghai, 201801 China
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2
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Höflmayer D, Hamuda M, Schroeder C, Hube-Magg C, Simon R, Göbel C, Hinsch A, Weidemann S, Möller K, Izbicki JR, Jacobsen F, Mandelkow T, Blessin NC, Lutz F, Viehweger F, Sauter G, Burandt E, Lebok P, Lennartz M, Fraune C, Minner S, Bonk S, Huland H, Graefen M, Schlomm T, Büscheck F. High RSF1 protein expression is an independent prognostic feature in prostate cancer. Acta Oncol 2020; 59:268-273. [PMID: 31687881 DOI: 10.1080/0284186x.2019.1686537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Background: Remodelling and spacing factor 1 (RSF1) is involved in the regulation of chromatin remodelling and represents a potential therapeutic target. High RSF1 expression has been linked to adverse tumour features in many cancer types, but its role in prostate cancer is uncertain.Methods: In this study, RSF1 expression was analysed by immunohistochemistry on a tissue microarray with 17,747 prostate cancers.Results: Nuclear RSF1 staining of 16,456 interpetable cancers was considered strong, moderate, weak and negative in 25.2%, 48.7%, 5.3% and 20.8% of cancers respectively. Positive RSF1 expression was associated with advanced tumour stage, high Gleason grade, lymph node metastasis (p < .0001 each), early biochemical recurrence (p < .0003) and more frequent in the ERG positive than in the ERG negative subset (88% versus 71%; p < .0001). Subset analysis revealed, that associations between RSF1 expression and unfavourable tumour phenotype and PSA recurrence were present in both subgroups but stronger in the ERG negative than in the ERG positive subset. The univariate Cox proportional hazard ratio for PSA recurrence-free survival for strong versus negative RSF1 expression was a weak 1.60 compared with 5.91 for the biopsy Gleason grade ≥4 + 4 versus ≤3 + 3. The positive association of RSF1 protein detection with deletion of 3p13, 10q23 (PTEN), 12p13, 16q23, and 17p13 (p < .0001 each) suggest a role of high RSF1 expression in the development of genomic instability.Conclusion: In summary, the results of our study identify RSF1 as an independent prognostic marker in prostate cancer with a particularly strong role in ERG negative cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doris Höflmayer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Moslim Hamuda
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Cornelia Schroeder
- General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery Department and Clinic, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Hube-Magg
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ronald Simon
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Cosima Göbel
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Hinsch
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sören Weidemann
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Möller
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jacob R. Izbicki
- General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery Department and Clinic, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Frank Jacobsen
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tim Mandelkow
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Niclas C. Blessin
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Florian Lutz
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Florian Viehweger
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Guido Sauter
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Eike Burandt
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Patrick Lebok
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Maximilian Lennartz
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Fraune
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sarah Minner
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sarah Bonk
- General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery Department and Clinic, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hartwig Huland
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Centre, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Markus Graefen
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Centre, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Schlomm
- Department of Urology, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Franziska Büscheck
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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3
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Büscheck F, Sulimankhil M, Melling N, Höflmayer D, Hube-Magg C, Simon R, Göbel C, Hinsch A, Weidemann S, Izbicki JR, Jacobsen F, Mandelkow T, Blessin NC, Möller-Koop C, Lutz F, Viehweger F, Möller K, Sauter G, Lennartz M, Burandt E, Lebok P, Minner S, Bonk S, Huland H, Graefen M, Schlomm T, Fraune C. Loss of cytoplasmic survivin expression is an independent predictor of poor prognosis in radically operated prostate cancer patients. Cancer Med 2020; 9:1409-1418. [PMID: 31893572 PMCID: PMC7013067 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Survivin is an inhibitor of apoptosis. Aberrant survivin expression occurs in malignant tumors and has often been linked to unfavorable patient outcome. Here we analyzed 12 432 prostate cancers by immunohistochemistry. Survivin immunostaining was regularly expressed at high levels in normal prostate epithelium but expression was often reduced in prostate cancers. Among 9492 evaluable prostate cancers, 9% expressed survivin strongly, 19% moderately, 28% weakly, and 44% lacked it. Loss of cytoplasmic survivin was seen in advanced tumor stage, higher Gleason score, preoperative PSA levels, and Ki‐67 labeling index, and associated with earlier PSA recurrence (P < .0001). Survivin loss was significantly more common in cancers carrying TMPRSS2:ERG fusions (61% survivin negative) than in ERG wild‐type cancers (32% survivin negative; P < .0001). Multivariate analysis revealed that reduced cytoplasmic survivin expression predicted poor prognosis independent from Gleason score, pT, pN, and serum PSA level. This was valid for ERG‐positive and ERG‐negative cancers. Survivin expression loss even retained its prognostic impact in 1020 PTEN deleted cancers, a group that is already characterized by dismal patient prognosis. In conclusion, reduced survivin expression is associated with more aggressive tumors and inferior prognosis in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Büscheck
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mariam Sulimankhil
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nathaniel Melling
- General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery Department and Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Doris Höflmayer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Hube-Magg
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ronald Simon
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Cosima Göbel
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Hinsch
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sören Weidemann
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jacob R Izbicki
- General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery Department and Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Frank Jacobsen
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tim Mandelkow
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Niclas C Blessin
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christina Möller-Koop
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Florian Lutz
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Florian Viehweger
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Möller
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Guido Sauter
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Maximillian Lennartz
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Eike Burandt
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Patrick Lebok
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sarah Minner
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sarah Bonk
- General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery Department and Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hartwig Huland
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Markus Graefen
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Schlomm
- Department of Urology, Charité-University Medical Center Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christoph Fraune
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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4
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Höflmayer D, Steinhoff A, Hube-Magg C, Kluth M, Simon R, Burandt E, Tsourlakis MC, Minner S, Sauter G, Büscheck F, Wilczak W, Steurer S, Huland H, Graefen M, Haese A, Heinzer H, Schlomm T, Jacobsen F, Hinsch A, Poos AM, Oswald M, Rippe K, König R, Schroeder C. Expression of CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) is linked to poor prognosis in prostate cancer. Mol Oncol 2019; 14:129-138. [PMID: 31736271 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The chromatin-organizing factor CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) is involved in transcriptional regulation, DNA-loop formation, and telomere maintenance. To evaluate the clinical impact of CTCF in prostate cancer, we analyzed CTCF expression by immunohistochemistry on a tissue microarray containing 17 747 prostate cancers. Normal prostate tissue showed negative to low CTCF expression, while in prostate cancers, CTCF expression was seen in 7726 of our 12 555 (61.5%) tumors and was considered low in 44.6% and high in 17% of cancers. Particularly, high CTCF expression was significantly associated with the presence of the transmembrane protease, serine 2:ETS-related gene fusion: Only 10% of ERG-negative cancers, but 30% of ERG-positive cancers had high-level CTCF expression (P < 0.0001). CTCF expression was significantly associated with advanced pathological tumor stage, high Gleason grade (P < 0.0001 each), nodal metastasis (P = 0.0122), and early biochemical recurrence (P < 0.0001). Multivariable modeling revealed that the prognostic impact of CTCF was independent from established presurgical parameters such as clinical stage and Gleason grade of the biopsy. Comparison with key molecular alterations showed strong associations with the expression of the Ki-67 proliferation marker and presence of phosphatase and tensin homolog deletions (P < 0.0001 each). The results of our study identify CTCF expression as a candidate biomarker for prognosis assessment in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doris Höflmayer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Amélie Steinhoff
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Claudia Hube-Magg
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Martina Kluth
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Ronald Simon
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Eike Burandt
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | | | - Sarah Minner
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Guido Sauter
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Franziska Büscheck
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Waldemar Wilczak
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Stefan Steurer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Hartwig Huland
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Markus Graefen
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Alexander Haese
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Hans Heinzer
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Thorsten Schlomm
- Department of Urology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
| | - Frank Jacobsen
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Andrea Hinsch
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Alexandra M Poos
- Integrated Research and Treatment Center, Center for Sepsis Control and Care (CSCC), Jena University Hospital, Germany.,Network Modeling, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans Knöll Institute, Jena, Germany.,Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Germany.,Division of Chromatin Networks, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and Bioquant, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marcus Oswald
- Integrated Research and Treatment Center, Center for Sepsis Control and Care (CSCC), Jena University Hospital, Germany.,Network Modeling, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans Knöll Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Karsten Rippe
- Division of Chromatin Networks, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and Bioquant, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rainer König
- Integrated Research and Treatment Center, Center for Sepsis Control and Care (CSCC), Jena University Hospital, Germany.,Network Modeling, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans Knöll Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Cornelia Schroeder
- General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery Department and Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
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5
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Meiners J, Schulz K, Möller K, Höflmayer D, Burdelski C, Hube-Magg C, Simon R, Göbel C, Hinsch A, Reiswich V, Weidemann S, Izbicki JR, Sauter G, Jacobsen F, Möller-Koop C, Mandelkow T, Blessin NC, Lutz F, Viehweger F, Lennartz M, Fraune C, Heinzer H, Minner S, Bonk S, Huland H, Graefen M, Schlomm T, Büscheck F. Upregulation of SPDEF is associated with poor prognosis in prostate cancer. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:5107-5118. [PMID: 31612022 PMCID: PMC6781494 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
SAM pointed domain-containing Ets transcription factor (SPDEF), a member of the ETS transcription factor family, has been associated with prostate cancer development; however, its role in tumour development and progression is controversial. In the present study, SPDEF expression was analysed on a tissue microarray with >12,000 prostate cancer samples. SPDEF expression levels were higher in most prostate cancer samples than in normal prostate epithelium, suggesting SPDEF was upregulated in cancer. Nuclear SPDEF expression was identified in 80% of prostate cancer samples, and considered weak in 26.4%, moderate in 40.1% and strong in 13.5% of cases. SPDEF positivity was significantly associated with tumour stage, Gleason grade, lymph node metastasis and PSA recurrence (all P<0.0001). SPDEF overexpression was more common in ERG positive (94%) than in ERG negative cancer (69%; P<0.0001). Elevated SPDEF expression predicted poor prognosis independent from established prognostic parameters, including Gleason grade, pT, pN, serum PSA level and nodal status (P<0.01). In summary, SPDEF overexpression was associated with aggressive behaviour, particularly in ERG negative prostate cancer, and may have potential for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Meiners
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany.,General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery Department and Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Schulz
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Möller
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Doris Höflmayer
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Burdelski
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Hube-Magg
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ronald Simon
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Cosima Göbel
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Hinsch
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Viktor Reiswich
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sören Weidemann
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jacob R Izbicki
- General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery Department and Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Guido Sauter
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Frank Jacobsen
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christina Möller-Koop
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tim Mandelkow
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Niclas C Blessin
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Florian Lutz
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Florian Viehweger
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Maximillian Lennartz
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Fraune
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hans Heinzer
- Prostate Cancer Center, Martini-Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sarah Minner
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sarah Bonk
- General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery Department and Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hartwig Huland
- Prostate Cancer Center, Martini-Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Markus Graefen
- Prostate Cancer Center, Martini-Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Schlomm
- Department of Urology, Section for Translational Prostate Cancer Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany.,Department of Urology, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, D-10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Franziska Büscheck
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
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6
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Minner S, Hager D, Steurer S, Höflmayer D, Tsourlakis MC, Möller-Koop C, Clauditz TS, Hube-Magg C, Luebke AM, Simon R, Sauter G, Göbel C, Weidemann S, Lebok P, Dum D, Fraune C, Izbicki J, Burandt E, Schlomm T, Huland H, Heinzer H, Haese A, Graefen M, Heumann A. Down-Regulation of S100A8 is an Independent Predictor of PSA Recurrence in Prostate Cancer Treated by Radical Prostatectomy. Neoplasia 2019; 21:872-881. [PMID: 31382165 PMCID: PMC6698296 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2019.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Dysregulation of S100A8 is described in many different human tumor types, but its role in prostate cancer is unknown. To evaluate the clinical relevance of S100A8 expression in prostate cancer, a tissue microarray containing 13,665 tumors was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Cytoplasmic S100A8 staining was compared to prostate cancer phenotype, patient prognosis and molecular features including TMPRSS2:ERG fusion status and deletions of PTEN, 3p, 5q and 6q. S100A8 immunostaining was typically seen in normal prostate tissue but lost in 60% of 9786 interpretable prostate cancers. In the remaining tumors, S100A8 was considered weak in 17.9%, moderate in 17.8% and strong in 5.4% of cases. Loss of S100A8 expression was linked to advanced tumor stage, high Gleason grade, positive nodal status, positive surgical margin and high preoperative PSA (P < .0001 each). In addition, loss of S100A8 expression was associated with TMPRSS2:ERG fusions (P < .0001), deletions of PTEN, 3p, and 6q (P < .005), and a high number of genomic deletions per tumor (P = .0009). Absence of S100A8 immunostaining was also linked to an elevated risk for early PSA recurrence (P < .0001). In a multivariate analysis limited to features that are preoperatively available, the prognostic impact of S100A8 expression (P < .0001) was independent of clinical stage, Gleason grade, and serum PSA level (P < .0001). Taken together, the results of our study demonstrate that complete loss of S100A8 expression is linked to adverse tumor features and predicts early biochemical recurrence in prostate cancer. S100A8 measurement, either alone or in combination might be of clinical utility in prostate cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Minner
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Dominik Hager
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Stefan Steurer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Doris Höflmayer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | | | | | - Till S Clauditz
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Claudia Hube-Magg
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Andreas M Luebke
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Ronald Simon
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany.
| | - Guido Sauter
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Cosima Göbel
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Sören Weidemann
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Patrick Lebok
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - David Dum
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Christoph Fraune
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Jakob Izbicki
- General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery Department and Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Eike Burandt
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Thorsten Schlomm
- Department of Urology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hartwig Huland
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg- Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Hans Heinzer
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg- Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Alexander Haese
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg- Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Markus Graefen
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg- Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Asmus Heumann
- General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery Department and Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
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7
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Büscheck F, Zub M, Heumann A, Hube-Magg C, Simon R, Lang DS, Höflmayer D, Neubauer E, Jacobsen F, Hinsch A, Luebke AM, Tsourlakis MC, Sauter G, Huland H, Graefen M, Haese A, Heinzer H, Schlomm T, Clauditz TS, Burandt E, Wilczak W, Steurer S, Minner S. The independent prognostic impact of the GATA2 pioneering factor is restricted to ERG-negative prostate cancer. Tumour Biol 2019; 41:1010428318824815. [PMID: 31296150 DOI: 10.1177/1010428318824815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
GATA2 is a pioneering transcription factor governing androgen receptor expression and signaling in prostate cells. To understand the prognostic potential of GATA2 assessment in prostate cancer, we analyzed nuclear GATA2 expression on an annotated tissue microarray with 12,427 prostate cancer samples. Normal prostate glands were negative to weakly positive. GATA2 staining was found in almost all prostate cancers (95%). Strong GATA2 staining was linked to advanced tumor stage, high classical and quantitative Gleason grade (p < 0.0001 each), positive nodal stage (p = 0.0116), and early biochemical recurrence (p < 0.0001). GATA2 was linked to ERG-fusion-type cancers, with strong GATA2 staining in 29% of ERG-negative and 53% of ERG-positive cancers (p < 0.0001). Separate calculations in 3854 cancers with and 4768 cancers without TMPRSS2:ERG fusion revealed that these associations with tumor phenotype and patient outcome were largely driven by the subset of ERG-negative tumors. GATA2 expression was further linked to androgen receptor expression: Only 8% of androgen receptor-negative, but 56% of strongly androgen receptor expressing cancers had strong GATA2 expression (p < 0.0001). In conclusion, the results of our study demonstrate that increasing GATA2 levels are linked to prostate cancer progression and aggressiveness. The prognostic value of GATA2 is remarkable in ERG-negative cancers. However, the upregulation of GATA2 in ERG-positive cancers makes it unsuitable as a prognostic marker in this patient subset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Büscheck
- 1 Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Maciej Zub
- 1 Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Asmus Heumann
- 2 General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery Department and Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Hube-Magg
- 1 Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ronald Simon
- 1 Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dagmar S Lang
- 1 Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Doris Höflmayer
- 1 Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Emily Neubauer
- 1 Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Frank Jacobsen
- 1 Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Hinsch
- 1 Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andreas M Luebke
- 1 Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Guido Sauter
- 1 Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hartwig Huland
- 3 Martini-Clinic Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Markus Graefen
- 3 Martini-Clinic Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Haese
- 3 Martini-Clinic Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hans Heinzer
- 3 Martini-Clinic Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Torsten Schlomm
- 4 Department of Urology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Till S Clauditz
- 1 Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Eike Burandt
- 1 Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Waldemar Wilczak
- 1 Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Steurer
- 1 Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sarah Minner
- 1 Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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8
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Schroeder C, Grell J, Hube-Magg C, Kluth M, Lang D, Simon R, Höflmayer D, Minner S, Burandt E, Clauditz TS, Büscheck F, Jacobsen F, Huland H, Graefen M, Schlomm T, Sauter G, Steurer S. Aberrant expression of the microtubule-associated protein tau is an independent prognostic feature in prostate cancer. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:193. [PMID: 30823906 PMCID: PMC6397474 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-5390-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Microtubule-associated protein Tau (MAPT) overexpression has been linked to poor prognosis and decreased response to taxane-based therapies in several cancer types, but its relevance in prostate cancer is unknown. Methods In this study, MAPT expression was analyzed by immunohistochemistry on a tissue microarray containing 17,747 prostate cancers. Results MAPT was absent in normal prostate epithelial cells but detectable in 1004 (8.2%) of 12,313 interpretable cancers. Its expression was associated with advanced tumor stage, high Gleason grade, positive lymph nodes, and early biochemical recurrence (p < 0.0001 each). For example, MAPT was found in 3.6% of 2072 Gleason ≤3 + 3 cancers but in 14.4% of 704 Gleason ≥4 + 4 cancers. High-level MAPT staining was also linked to TMPRSS2:ERG fusions (p < 0.0001). MAPT staining was seen in 15.2 and 16% of cancers with TMPRSS2:ERG fusion detected by immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in-situ hybridization, but in only 3.5 and 3.9% of cancers without ERG staining or ERG rearrangements. Moreover, an association was found between MAPT expression and PTEN deletions, with 19% MAPT positivity in 948 PTEN deleted cancers but only 7% MAPT positivity in 3895 tumors with normal PTEN copy numbers (p < 0.0001). Multivariate analysis revealed that the prognostic value of MAPT was independent from established parameters. Conventional large section analyses showed intratumoral MAPT heterogeneity in all three analyzed cancers. Conclusions The results of our study identify MAPT, as a moderate prognostic marker in prostate cancer, whose clinical impact, however, may be limited due to the rarity and heterogeneity of its expression. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-019-5390-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Schroeder
- General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery Department and Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jan Grell
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Hube-Magg
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martina Kluth
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dagmar Lang
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ronald Simon
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Doris Höflmayer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sarah Minner
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Eike Burandt
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Till S Clauditz
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Franziska Büscheck
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Frank Jacobsen
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hartwig Huland
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Markus Graefen
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Schlomm
- Department of Urology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, D-10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Guido Sauter
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Steurer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
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9
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Eichenauer T, Hussein M, Hube-Magg C, Kluth M, Büscheck F, Höflmayer D, Tsourlakis MC, Steurer S, Clauditz TS, Luebke AM, Burandt E, Wilczak W, Hinsch A, Dum D, Beyer B, Steuber T, Huland H, Graefen M, Simon R, Sauter G, Melling N, Schlomm T, Minner S. A nuclear shift of GSK3β protein is an independent prognostic factor in prostate cancer. Oncotarget 2019; 10:1729-1744. [PMID: 30899444 PMCID: PMC6422199 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycogen synthase kinase 3ß (GSK3ß) regulates many cancer relevant cellular processes and represents a potential therapeutic target. GSK3ß overexpression has been linked to adverse tumor features in many cancers, but its role in prostate cancer remains uncertain. We employed immunohistochemical GSK3ß expression analysis on a tissue microarray with 12,427 prostate cancers. Cytoplasmic and nuclear GSK3ß staining was separately analyzed. GSK3ß staining was absent in normal prostate epithelium, whereas 57% of 9,164 interpretable cancers showed detectable GSK3ß expression. Cytoplasmic staining was considered weak, moderate, and strong in 36%, 19.5% and 1.5% of tumors and was accompanied by nuclear GSK3ß staining in 47% of cases. Cytoplasmic GSK3ß staining as well as nuclear GSK3ß accumulation was associated with advanced tumor stage, high Gleason grade, presence of lymph node metastasis and early biochemical recurrence (p < 0.0001 each for cytoplasmic staining and nu-clear accumulation). Prognosis of GSK3ß positive cancers became particularly poor if nuclear GSK3ß staining was also seen (p < 0.0001). The prognostic impact of nuclear GSK3ß accumu-lation was independent of established preoperative and postoperative parameters in multivari-ate analyses (p < 0.0001). The significant association of GSK3ß expression with deletions of PTEN, 3p13 (p < 0.0001 each), 5q21 (p = 0.0014) and 6q15 (p = 0.0026) suggest a role of GSK3ß in the development of genomic instability. In summary, the results of our study identify GSK3ß as an independent prognostic marker in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Till Eichenauer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,Department of Urology, University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mohammad Hussein
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Hube-Magg
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martina Kluth
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Franziska Büscheck
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Doris Höflmayer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Stefan Steurer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Till S Clauditz
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andreas M Luebke
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Eike Burandt
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Waldemar Wilczak
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Hinsch
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - David Dum
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Burkhard Beyer
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Steuber
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hartwig Huland
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Markus Graefen
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ronald Simon
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Guido Sauter
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nathaniel Melling
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Schlomm
- Department of Urology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sarah Minner
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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10
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Kluth M, Al Kilani Z, Özden C, Hussein K, Frogh S, Möller‐Koop C, Burandt E, Steurer S, Büscheck F, Jacobsen F, Luebke AM, Minner S, Tsourlakis MC, Hoeflmayer D, Wittmer C, Schlomm T, Sauter G, Simon R, Wilczak W. 5q21 deletion is often heterogeneous in prostate cancer. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2019; 58:509-515. [DOI: 10.1002/gcc.22730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2018] [Revised: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Martina Kluth
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg‐Eppendorf Hamburg Germany
| | - Zaid Al Kilani
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg‐Eppendorf Hamburg Germany
| | - Cansu Özden
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg‐Eppendorf Hamburg Germany
| | - Khakan Hussein
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg‐Eppendorf Hamburg Germany
| | - Sohall Frogh
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg‐Eppendorf Hamburg Germany
| | | | - Eike Burandt
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg‐Eppendorf Hamburg Germany
| | - Stefan Steurer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg‐Eppendorf Hamburg Germany
| | - Franziska Büscheck
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg‐Eppendorf Hamburg Germany
| | - Frank Jacobsen
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg‐Eppendorf Hamburg Germany
| | - Andreas M. Luebke
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg‐Eppendorf Hamburg Germany
| | - Sarah Minner
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg‐Eppendorf Hamburg Germany
| | | | - Doris Hoeflmayer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg‐Eppendorf Hamburg Germany
| | - Corinna Wittmer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg‐Eppendorf Hamburg Germany
| | - Thorsten Schlomm
- Department of UrologyCharité Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Guido Sauter
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg‐Eppendorf Hamburg Germany
| | - Ronald Simon
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg‐Eppendorf Hamburg Germany
| | - Waldemar Wilczak
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg‐Eppendorf Hamburg Germany
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11
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Göbel C, Özden C, Schroeder C, Hube-Magg C, Kluth M, Möller-Koop C, Neubauer E, Hinsch A, Jacobsen F, Simon R, Sauter G, Michl U, Pehrke D, Huland H, Graefen M, Schlomm T, Luebke AM. Upregulation of centromere protein F is linked to aggressive prostate cancers. Cancer Manag Res 2018; 10:5491-5504. [PMID: 30519097 PMCID: PMC6234994 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s165630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Centromere protein F (CENPF) is a key component of the kinetochore complex and plays a crucial role in chromosome segregation and cell cycle progression. Recent work suggests that CENPF upregulation is linked to aggressive tumor features in a variety of malignancies including prostate cancer. Materials and methods Using a highly annotated tissue microarray, we analyzed CENPF protein expression from a cohort of 8,298 prostatectomized patients by immunohistochemistry to study its effect on prostate-specific antigen recurrence-free survival. Results CENPF overexpression was found in 53% of cancers, and was linked to higher Gleason grade, advanced pathological tumor stage, accelerated cell proliferation, and lymph node metastasis (p<0.0001, each). A comparison with other key molecular features accessible through the microarray revealed strong associations between CENPF overexpression and presence of erythroblast transformation-specific (ETS)-related gene (ERG) fusion as well as phosphatase and tensin homolog deletion (p<0.0001, each). CENPF overexpression was linked to early biochemical recurrence. A subset analysis revealed that this was driven by the ERG-negative subset (p<0.0001). This was independent of established preoperative and postoperative prognostic parameters in multivariate analyses. Conclusion The results of our study identify CENPF overexpression as an important mechanism and a potential biomarker for prostate cancer aggressiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cosima Göbel
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany,
| | - Cansu Özden
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany,
| | - Cornelia Schroeder
- General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery Department and Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Hube-Magg
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany,
| | - Martina Kluth
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany,
| | - Christina Möller-Koop
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany,
| | - Emily Neubauer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany,
| | - Andrea Hinsch
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany,
| | - Frank Jacobsen
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany,
| | - Ronald Simon
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany,
| | - Guido Sauter
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany,
| | - Uwe Michl
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dirk Pehrke
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,Department of Urology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hartwig Huland
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Markus Graefen
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Schlomm
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,Department of Urology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas M Luebke
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany,
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12
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Neubauer E, Latif M, Krause J, Heumann A, Armbrust M, Luehr C, Fraune C, Hube-Magg C, Kluth M, Möller-Koop C, Sauter G, Simon R, Beyer B, Pompe RS, Thederan I, Schlomm T, Büscheck F. Up regulation of the steroid hormone synthesis regulator HSD3B2 is linked to early PSA recurrence in prostate cancer. Exp Mol Pathol 2018; 105:50-56. [PMID: 29803408 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2018.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
HSD3B2 plays a crucial role in steroid hormone biosynthesis and is thus of particular interest in hormone dependent tumors such as prostate cancer. To clarify the clinical relevance of HSD3B2 expression in prostate cancer, we analyzed HSD3B2 protein expression by immunohistochemistry on our preexisting tissue microarray with 12.247 annotated cancers. Compared with normal tissue cytoplasmic HSD3B2 staining was stronger in prostate cancers. In 9371 interpretable cancers, HSD3B2 expression was found in 95.5% of cancers and was considered weak in 29.9%, moderate in 40.7% and strong in 24.9%. HSD3B2 up regulation was linked to advanced pathological tumor stage (pT), high Gleason grade, elevated preoperative PSA levels (p < 0.0001 each), lymph node metastasis (p = 0.0019), accelerated cell proliferation (p < 0.0001), androgen receptor (AR) expression (p < 0.0001), and early biochemical recurrence (p < 0.0001). HSD3B2 up regulation was only marginally more frequent in ERG positive (98%) than in ERG negative cancers (94%; p < 0.0001) and was strongly linked to deletions of 5q and 6q (p < 0.0001 each). Multivariate analyses showed that the prognostic impact of HSD3B2 expression was independent of established preoperative, but not of postoperative prognostic parameters. In summary, the results of our study demonstrate that HSD3B2 is strongly up regulated in a fraction of prostate cancers that are characterized by increased AR signaling, adverse tumor phenotype and early biochemical recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Neubauer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Morwari Latif
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jenny Krause
- Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Internal Medicine, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Asmus Heumann
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Moritz Armbrust
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Clara Luehr
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Fraune
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Hube-Magg
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martina Kluth
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christina Möller-Koop
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Guido Sauter
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ronald Simon
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Burkhard Beyer
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Raisa S Pompe
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Imke Thederan
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Thorsten Schlomm
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany; Department of Urology, Section for translational Prostate Cancer Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Franziska Büscheck
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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13
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Gore JL. Incorporating the Patient into Urologic Cancer Research. Urol Oncol 2018; 35:546-547. [PMID: 28844429 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2017.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Patient engagement in research has been increasingly prioritized by funders and adopted by health researchers. In this Seminars issue, we explore several different mechanisms of engagement in the reciprocal relationship between patients and researchers. This includes the generation of understandable patient health information, how patients engage in treatment decision-making for urologic cancers, patient involvement in the development of research ideas and research design, and patient engagement in their personalized survivorship care.
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Affiliation(s)
- John L Gore
- Department of Urology, University of Washington, Seattle Cancer Care Alliance, Seattle, WA.
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14
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15
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Burdelski C, Borcherding L, Kluth M, Hube-Magg C, Melling N, Simon R, Möller-Koop C, Weigand P, Minner S, Haese A, Michl HU, Tsourlakis MC, Jacobsen F, Hinsch A, Wittmer C, Lebok P, Steurer S, Izbicki JR, Sauter G, Krech T, Büscheck F, Clauditz T, Schlomm T, Wilczak W. Family with sequence similarity 13C (FAM13C) overexpression is an independent prognostic marker in prostate cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 8:31494-31508. [PMID: 28415558 PMCID: PMC5458224 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
FAM13C, a gene with unknown function is included in several mRNA signatures for prostate cancer aggressiveness. To understand the impact of FAM13C on prognosis and its relationship to molecularly defined subsets, we analyzed FAM13C expression by immunohistochemistry on a tissue microarray containing 12,400 prostate cancer specimens. Results were compared to phenotype, ERG status, genomic deletions of 3p, 5q, 6q and PTEN, and biochemical recurrence. FAM13C was detectable in cell nuclei of cancerous and non-neoplastic prostate cells. 67.5% of 9,633 interpretable cancers showed FAM13C expression: strong in 28.3%, moderate in 24.6% and weak in 14.6%. Strong FAM13C expression was linked to advanced pT stage, high Gleason grade, positive lymph node status, and early biochemical recurrence (p < 0.0001 each). FAM13C expression was associated with TMPRSS2:ERG fusions. It was present in 85% of ERG positive but in only 54% of ERG negative cancers (p < 0.0001), and in 91.1% of PTEN deleted but in only 69.2% of PTEN non-deleted cancers (p < 0.0001). The prognostic role of FAM13C expression was independent of classical and quantitative Gleason grade, pT stage, pN stage, surgical margin status and preoperative PSA. In conclusion, the results of our study demonstrate that expression of FAM13C is an independent prognostic marker in prostate cancer. Finding FAM13C also in non-neoplastic prostate tissues highlights the importance of properly selecting cancer-rich areas for RNA-based FAM13C expression analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Burdelski
- General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery Department and Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Laura Borcherding
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Martina Kluth
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Claudia Hube-Magg
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Nathaniel Melling
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany.,General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery Department and Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Ronald Simon
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | | | - Philipp Weigand
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Sarah Minner
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Alexander Haese
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg- Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Hans Uwe Michl
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg- Eppendorf, Germany
| | | | - Frank Jacobsen
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Andrea Hinsch
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Corinna Wittmer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Patrick Lebok
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Stefan Steurer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Jakob R Izbicki
- General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery Department and Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Guido Sauter
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Till Krech
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Franziska Büscheck
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Till Clauditz
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Thorsten Schlomm
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg- Eppendorf, Germany.,Department of Urology, Section for Translational Prostate Cancer Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Waldemar Wilczak
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
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16
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Tsourlakis MC, Eleftheriadou A, Stender A, Weigand P, Grupp K, Hube-Magg C, Kluth M, Schroeder C, Steurer S, Hinsch A, Luebke A, Angerer A, Wittmer C, Friedrich E, Göbel C, Büscheck F, Heinzer H, Graefen M, Simon R, Sauter G, Wilczak W, Minner S, Schlomm T, Jacobsen F. FOXA1 expression is a strong independent predictor of early PSA recurrence in ERG negative prostate cancers treated by radical prostatectomy. Carcinogenesis 2017; 38:1180-1187. [PMID: 29029032 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgx105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
FOXA1 (Fork-head box protein A1, HNF-3a) is a transcription factor involved in androgen signaling with relevance for lineage-specific gene expression of the prostate. The expression was analyzed by immunohistochemistry on a tissue microarray containing 11152 prostate cancer specimens. Results were compared with tumor phenotype, biochemical recurrence, androgen receptor expression, ETS-related gene (ERG) status and other recurrent genomic alterations. FOXA1 expression was detectable in 97.6% of 8227 interpretable cancers and considered strong in 28.5%, moderate in 46.2% and weak in 22.9% of cases. High FOXA1 expression was associated with TMPRSS2:ERG rearrangement and ERG expression (P < 0.0001). High FOXA1 expression was linked to high Gleason grade, advanced pathological tumor (pT) stage and early PSA recurrence in ERG negative cancers (P < 0.0001), while these associations were either weak or absent in ERG positive cancers. In ERG negative cancers, the prognostic role of FOXA1 expression was independent of Gleason grade, pathological tumor stage, lymph node stage, surgical margin status and preoperative PSA. Independent prognostic value became even more evident if the analysis was limited to preoperatively available features such as biopsy Gleason grade, preoperative PSA, cT stage and FOXA1 expression (P < 0.0001). Within ERG negative cancers, FOXA1 expression was also strongly associated with PTEN and 5q21 deletions (P < 0.0001). High expression of FOXA1 is an independent prognostic parameter in ERG negative prostate cancer. Thus, FOXA1 measurement might provide clinically useful information in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Agapi Eleftheriadou
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Annegret Stender
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Philipp Weigand
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Katharina Grupp
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany.,General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery Department and Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Claudia Hube-Magg
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Martina Kluth
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Cornelia Schroeder
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany.,General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery Department and Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Stefan Steurer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Andrea Hinsch
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Andreas Luebke
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Alexander Angerer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Corinna Wittmer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Emily Friedrich
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Cosima Göbel
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Franziska Büscheck
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Hans Heinzer
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center and University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Markus Graefen
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center and University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Ronald Simon
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Guido Sauter
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Waldemar Wilczak
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Sarah Minner
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Thorsten Schlomm
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center and University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany.,Department of Urology, Section for translational Prostate Cancer Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany.,Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, University of Bergen, Norway
| | - Frank Jacobsen
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
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17
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J Wilt
- Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN
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18
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Wang K, Sun J, Teng J, Yu Y, Zhong D, Fan Y. Overexpression of spindle and kinetochore-associated protein 1 contributes to the progression of prostate cancer. Tumour Biol 2017. [PMID: 28651496 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317701918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Spindle and kinetochore-associated protein 1 is a microtubule-binding subcomplex of the outer kinetochore that is essential for proper chromosome segregation. Recently, spindle and kinetochore-associated protein 1 has been highlighted as a biomarker in various cancers; however, the precise role of spindle and kinetochore-associated protein 1 in prostate cancer remains unknown. This study aims to evaluate whether spindle and kinetochore-associated protein 1 affects the biological behaviors of prostate cancer. We investigated the expression of spindle and kinetochore-associated protein 1 in a series of prostate cancer tissues as well as in a panel of prostate cancer cell lines. Cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were evaluated in spindle and kinetochore-associated protein 1 knockdown prostate cancer cell lines by MTT and Transwell assays. Our results showed that the expression of spindle and kinetochore-associated protein 1 was remarkably upregulated in prostate cancer at both messenger RNA and protein levels compared with non-cancerous tissue. Knockdown of spindle and kinetochore-associated protein 1 repressed the ability of cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of prostate cancer cells. Moreover, inhibition of spindle and kinetochore-associated protein 1 could inhibit the activity of AKT and ERK pathway. In conclusion, our findings suggest that spindle and kinetochore-associated protein 1 could serve as a potential therapeutic target in prostate cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- 1 Department of Urology, Zhejiang Xiaoshan Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ji Sun
- 1 Department of Urology, Zhejiang Xiaoshan Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingfei Teng
- 2 Department of Urology, PLA Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yufu Yu
- 1 Department of Urology, Zhejiang Xiaoshan Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dachuan Zhong
- 1 Department of Urology, Zhejiang Xiaoshan Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Fan
- 1 Department of Urology, Zhejiang Xiaoshan Hospital, Hangzhou, China
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19
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Juhnke M, Heumann A, Chirico V, Höflmayer D, Menz A, Hinsch A, Hube-Magg C, Kluth M, Lang DS, Möller-Koop C, Sauter G, Simon R, Beyer B, Pompe R, Thederan I, Schlomm T, Luebke AM. Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1/Ref-1) overexpression is an independent prognostic marker in prostate cancer withoutTMPRSS2:ERGfusion. Mol Carcinog 2017; 56:2135-2145. [DOI: 10.1002/mc.22670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Revised: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Juhnke
- Institute of Pathology; University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf; Hamburg Germany
| | - Asmus Heumann
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery; University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf; Hamburg Germany
| | - Viktoria Chirico
- Institute of Pathology; University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf; Hamburg Germany
| | - Doris Höflmayer
- Institute of Pathology; University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf; Hamburg Germany
| | - Anne Menz
- Institute of Pathology; University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf; Hamburg Germany
| | - Andrea Hinsch
- Institute of Pathology; University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf; Hamburg Germany
| | - Claudia Hube-Magg
- Institute of Pathology; University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf; Hamburg Germany
| | - Martina Kluth
- Institute of Pathology; University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf; Hamburg Germany
| | - Dagmar S. Lang
- Institute of Pathology; University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf; Hamburg Germany
| | - Christina Möller-Koop
- Institute of Pathology; University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf; Hamburg Germany
| | - Guido Sauter
- Institute of Pathology; University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf; Hamburg Germany
| | - Ronald Simon
- Institute of Pathology; University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf; Hamburg Germany
| | - Burkhard Beyer
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center; University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf; Germany
| | - Raisa Pompe
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center; University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf; Germany
| | - Imke Thederan
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center; University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf; Germany
| | - Thorsten Schlomm
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center; University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf; Germany
- Department of Urology, Section for Translational Prostate Cancer Research; University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf; Germany
| | - Andreas M. Luebke
- Institute of Pathology; University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf; Hamburg Germany
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20
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Up regulation and nuclear translocation of Y-box binding protein 1 (YB-1) is linked to poor prognosis in ERG-negative prostate cancer. Sci Rep 2017; 7:2056. [PMID: 28515422 PMCID: PMC5435682 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-02279-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Y-box binding protein 1 (YB-1) is an RNA and DNA binding factor with potential prognostic cancer. To evaluate the clinical impact of YB-1, a tissue microarray with 11,152 prostate cancers was analysed by immunohistochemistry. Cytoplasmic and nuclear staining was separately analysed. Cytoplasmic YB-1 was absent or weak in normal epithelium but seen in 86,3% of carcinomas. Cytoplasmic staining was weak, moderate, and strong in 29.6%, 43.7% and 13.0% of tumours and was accompanied by nuclear YB-1 staining in 32.1% of cases. Particularly nuclear staining was strongly linked to poor patient prognosis (p < 0.0001). YB-1 protein was more abundant in ERG positive (95.1%) than in ERG negative cancers (80.4%; p < 0.0001), but any prognostic impact of YB-1 staining was limited to the ERG-negative subset. Similarly, significant associations with pT stage and Gleason grade (p < 0.0001 each) were driven by the ERG negative subset. The significant association of YB-1 protein detection with deletions of PTEN, 5q21 and 6q15 fits well in the protein’s role as an inhibitor of DNA damage dependent cell cycle arrest, a role that is likely to induce genomic instability. In summary, the data show, that the prognostic impact of YB-1 expression is limited to ERG negative prostate cancers.
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21
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Burdelski C, Fitzner M, Hube-Magg C, Kluth M, Heumann A, Simon R, Krech T, Clauditz T, Büscheck F, Steurer S, Wittmer C, Hinsch A, Luebke AM, Jacobsen F, Minner S, Tsourlakis MC, Beyer B, Steuber T, Thederan I, Sauter G, Izbicki J, Schlomm T, Wilczak W. Overexpression of the A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase ADAM15 is linked to a Small but Highly Aggressive Subset of Prostate Cancers. Neoplasia 2017; 19:279-287. [PMID: 28282546 PMCID: PMC5344324 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2017.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Revised: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase (ADAM) family of endopeptidases plays a role in many solid cancers and includes promising targets for anticancer therapies. Deregulation of ADAM15 has been linked to tumor aggressiveness and cell line studies suggest that ADAM15 overexpression may also be implicated in prostate cancer. To evaluate the impact of ADAM15 expression and its relationship with key genomic alterations, a tissue microarray containing 12,427 prostate cancers was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. ADAM15 expression was compared to phenotype, prognosis and molecular features including TMPRSS2:ERG fusion and frequent deletions involving PTEN, 3p, 5q and 6q. Normal prostate epithelium did not show ADAM15 staining. In prostate cancers, negative, weak, moderate, and strong ADAM15 staining was found in 87.7%, 3.7%, 5.6%, and 3.0% of 9826 interpretable tumors. Strong ADAM15 staining was linked to high Gleason grade, advanced pathological tumor stage, positive nodal stage and resection margin. ADAM15 overexpression was also associated with TMPRSS2:ERG fusions and PTEN deletions (P<.0001) but unrelated to deletions of 3p, 5q and 6q. In univariate analysis, high ADAM15 expression was strongly linked to PSA recurrence (P<.0001). However, in multivariate analyses this association was only maintained if the analysis was limited to preoperatively available parameters in ERG-negative cancers. The results of our study demonstrate that ADAM15 is strongly up regulated in a small but highly aggressive fraction of prostate cancers. In these tumors, ADAM15 may represent a suitable drug target. In a preoperative scenario, ADAM15 expression measurement may assist prognosis assessment, either alone or in combination with other markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Burdelski
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany; General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery Department and Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Michael Fitzner
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Claudia Hube-Magg
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Martina Kluth
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Asmus Heumann
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany; General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery Department and Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Ronald Simon
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany.
| | - Till Krech
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Till Clauditz
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Franziska Büscheck
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Stefan Steurer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Corinna Wittmer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Andrea Hinsch
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Andreas M Luebke
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Frank Jacobsen
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Sarah Minner
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | | | - Burkhard Beyer
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Thomas Steuber
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Imke Thederan
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Guido Sauter
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Jakob Izbicki
- General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery Department and Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Thorsten Schlomm
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany; Department of Urology, Section for translational Prostate Cancer Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Waldemar Wilczak
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
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22
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p16 upregulation is linked to poor prognosis in ERG negative prostate cancer. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:12655-12663. [PMID: 27444279 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-5167-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Altered expression of the p16 tumor suppressor is frequently found in prostate cancer, but its role for tumor development and patient prognosis is disputed. In order to clarify the prognostic role of p16 and to draw conclusions on interactions with key molecular features of prostate cancer, we studied p16 expression in a tissue microarray (TMA) with more than 12,400 prostate cancers and attached clinical, pathological, and molecular data such as ERG status and deletions of 3p13, 5q21, 6q15, and PTEN. p16 immunostaining was absent in non-neoplastic prostate cells but was found in 37 % of 9627 interpretable prostate cancers. Finding p16 expression in 58 % of ERG positive but in only 22 % of ERG negative cancers (p < 0.0001), highlights the known androgen-dependence of both genes. Significant associations between p16 upregulation and tumor phenotype or patient prognosis were strictly limited to the subset of ERG negative cancers. For example, p16 positivity increased from 15 % in Gleason ≤3 + 3 to 38 % in Gleason ≥4 + 4 cancers (p < 0.0001) and was associated with early PSA recurrence (p < 0.0001). p16 upregulation was strongly linked to deletions of PTEN (p < 0.0001), highlighting the interaction of both genes in growth control. In conclusion, p16 upregulation is a strong prognostic factor in ERG negative cancers. The strict limitation of its prognostic impact to a molecularly defined subgroup challenges the concept of molecular prognosis testing without considering molecular subtypes.
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23
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Brenes Bermúdez FJ, Alcántara Montero A. [Early detection or screening in the prevention of prostate cancer?]. Semergen 2016; 43:100-108. [PMID: 26960257 DOI: 10.1016/j.semerg.2016.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PC) is the most common malignancy in men in the developed world and the second leading cause of cancer death in men in the USA, behind lung cancer. In Europe, it is the third leading cause of cancer death in men (after lung and colorectal cancers). The role of PC screening is currently being questioned. The following article summarises the most relevant epidemiological aspects of PC, as well as major clinical trials of PC screening, and recommendations of the various medical scientific associations on whether or not to screen for PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- F J Brenes Bermúdez
- Centro de Salud Llefiá, Badalona (Barcelona), España; Grupo de Trabajo de Nefrourología SEMERGEN, España
| | - A Alcántara Montero
- Centro de Salud José María Álvarez, Don Benito (Badajoz), España; Grupo de Trabajo de Nefrourología SEMERGEN, España.
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24
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Pust A, Kylies D, Hube-Magg C, Kluth M, Minner S, Koop C, Grob T, Graefen M, Salomon G, Tsourlakis MC, Izbicki J, Wittmer C, Huland H, Simon R, Wilczak W, Sauter G, Steurer S, Krech T, Schlomm T, Melling N. Aquaporin 5 expression is frequent in prostate cancer and shows a dichotomous correlation with tumor phenotype and PSA recurrence. Hum Pathol 2016; 48:102-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2015.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2015] [Revised: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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25
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Moreno-Campoy EE, Mérida-De la Torre FJ, Martos-Crespo F, Plebani M. Identifying risk in the use of tumor markers to improve patient safety. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 54:1947-1953. [DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2015-0760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
AbstractBackground:Tumor markers (TM) are a routine test that are not always used well, and can lead to unnecessary additional tests, which are not without risks for the patients. So, to implement appropriate strategies to improve the adequate use of TM and, therefore, improve patient safety, is required to analyze the use of TM, identifying risks and establishing if there are differences in their use as a function of their utility.Methods:The study was a descriptive, longitudinal, retrospective and systematic study in the area covered by the University Hospital of Padua. In the follow-up 2-year study, 23,059 analytical requests of TM, corresponding to 14,728 patients, were analyzed. For the level of statistical significance it applies an approximation of the normal law (Z statistic) and χResults:Only 9196 requests (39.88%) out of a total of 23,059 on 5080 patients with neoplastic diseases have been classified as adecuate according to current guidelines. The number of requests per patient was variable (1.57±1.35). In patients with neoplastic diseases this increased to 1.80±1.68. The mean of number of TM per request was 2.4±1.73. The analysis showed an association between the number of requests and the type of marker used.Conclusions:The use of TM is variable, mainly of the follow-up markers, when they are used as screening. This inappropriate use, minimizes their utility favoring erroneous interpretations and increases the risk of damage to the patient. So it is essential to implement safe practices in the use of TM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eveline A M Heijnsdijk
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (EH, HdK).
| | - Harry J de Koning
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (EH, HdK)
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Burdelski C, Reiswich V, Hube-Magg C, Kluth M, Minner S, Koop C, Graefen M, Heinzer H, Tsourlakis MC, Wittmer C, Huland H, Simon R, Schlomm T, Sauter G, Steurer S. Cytoplasmic Accumulation of Sequestosome 1 (p62) Is a Predictor of Biochemical Recurrence, Rapid Tumor Cell Proliferation, and Genomic Instability in Prostate Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2015; 21:3471-9. [PMID: 25925890 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-14-0620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Sequestosome 1 (p62) is a multifunctional adapter protein accumulating in autophagy-defective cells. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN To evaluate the clinical impact and relationship with key genomic alterations in prostate cancer, p62 protein levels were analyzed by immunohistochemistry on a tissue microarray containing 12,427 prostate cancers. Data on ERG status and deletions of PTEN, 3p13, 5q21, and 6q15 were available from earlier studies. RESULTS p62 immunostaining was absent in benign prostatic glands but present in 73% of 7,822 interpretable prostate cancers. Strong cytoplasmic p62 staining was tightly linked to high Gleason grade, advanced pathologic tumor (pT) stage, positive nodal status, positive resection margin, and early PSA recurrence (P < 0.0001 each). Increased levels of p62 were significantly linked to TMPRSS2-ERG fusions, both by FISH and immunohistochemical analysis (P < 0.0001 each). For example, moderate or strong p62 immunostaining was seen in 28.5% of cancers with TMPRSS2-ERG fusion detected by FISH and in 23.1% of cancers without such rearrangements (P < 0.0001). Strong p62 staining was significantly linked to the presence of all tested deletions, including PTEN (P < 0.0001), 6q15 (P < 0.0001), 5q21 (P = 0.0002), 3p13 (P = 0.0088), and 6q15 (P < 0.0001), suggesting a link between p62 accumulation and loss of genomic stability. The prognostic role of p62 protein accumulation was striking and independent of Gleason grade, pT stage, pN stage, surgical margin status, and preoperative PSA, regardless of whether preoperative or postoperative parameters were used for modeling. CONCLUSIONS Our study identifies cytoplasmic accumulation of p62 as a strong predictor of an adverse prognostic behavior of prostate cancer independently from established clinicopathologic findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Burdelski
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany. General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery Department and Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Viktor Reiswich
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Claudia Hube-Magg
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Martina Kluth
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Sarah Minner
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Christina Koop
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Markus Graefen
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Hans Heinzer
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | | | - Corinna Wittmer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Hartwig Huland
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Ronald Simon
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Thorsten Schlomm
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany. Department of Urology, Section for translational Prostate Cancer Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Guido Sauter
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Stefan Steurer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany.
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VEGFR-1 overexpression identifies a small subgroup of aggressive prostate cancers in patients treated by prostatectomy. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:8591-606. [PMID: 25894226 PMCID: PMC4425098 DOI: 10.3390/ijms16048591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Revised: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 04/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The VEGFR-1 is suggested to promote tumor progression. In the current study we analyzed prevalence and prognostic impact of the VEGFR-1 by immunohistochemistry on a tissue microarray containing more than 3000 prostate cancer specimens. Results were compared to tumor phenotype, ETS-related gene (ERG) status, and biochemical recurrence. Membranous VEGFR-1 expression was detectable in 32.6% of 2669 interpretable cancers and considered strong in 1.7%, moderate in 6.7% and weak in 24.2% of cases. Strong VEGFR-1 expression was associated with TMPRSS2:ERG fusion status as determined by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and immunohistochemistry (p < 0.0001 each). Elevated VEGFR-1 expression was linked to high Gleason grade and advanced pT stage in TMPRSS2:ERG negative cancers (p = 0.0008 and p = 0.001), while these associations were absent in TMPRSS2:ERG positive cancers. VEGFR-1 expression was also linked to phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) deletions. A comparison with prostate specific antigen (PSA) recurrence revealed that the 1.7% of prostate cancers with the highest VEGFR-1 levels had a strikingly unfavorable prognosis. This could be seen in all cancers, in the subsets of TMPRSS2:ERG positive or negative, PTEN deleted or undeleted carcinomas (p < 0.0001 each). High level VEGFR-1 expression is infrequent in prostate cancer, but identifies a subgroup of aggressive cancers, which may be candidates for anti-VEGFR-1 targeted therapy.
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BASU ANIRBAN. ESTIMATING PERSON-CENTERED TREATMENT (PeT) EFFECTS USING INSTRUMENTAL VARIABLES: AN APPLICATION TO EVALUATING PROSTATE CANCER TREATMENTS. JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECONOMETRICS (CHICHESTER, ENGLAND) 2015; 29:671-691. [PMID: 25620844 PMCID: PMC4300990 DOI: 10.1002/jae.2343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This paper builds on the methods of local instrumental variables developed by Heckman and Vytlacil (1999, 2001, 2005) to estimate person-centered treatment (PeT) effects that are conditioned on the person's observed characteristics and averaged over the potential conditional distribution of unobserved characteristics that lead them to their observed treatment choices. PeT effects are more individualized than conditional treatment effects from a randomized setting with the same observed characteristics. PeT effects can be easily aggregated to construct any of the mean treatment effect parameters and, more importantly, are well suited to comprehend individual-level treatment effect heterogeneity. The paper presents the theory behind PeT effects, and applies it to study the variation in individual-level comparative effects of prostate cancer treatments on overall survival and costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- ANIRBAN BASU
- Departments of Health Services and Economics and Pharmaceutical Outcomes Research and Policy Program (PORPP), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- NBER, Cambridge, MA, USA
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Abstract
Precise control of the balance between protein phosphorylation, catalyzed by protein kinases, and protein dephosphorylation, catalyzed by protein phosphatases, is essential for cellular homeostasis. Dysregulation of this balance leads to pathophysiological states, driving diseases such as cancer, heart disease, and diabetes. Aberrant phosphorylation of components of the pathways that control cell growth and cell survival are particularly prevalent in cancer. One of the most studied tumor suppressors in these pathways is the lipid phosphatase PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten), which dephosphorylates the lipid second messenger phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3), thus preventing activation of the oncogenic kinase AKT (v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog). In 2005, the discovery of a family of protein phosphatases whose members directly dephosphorylate and inactivate AKT introduced a new negative regulator of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) oncogenic pathway. Pleckstrin homology domain leucine-rich repeat protein phosphatase (PHLPP) isozymes comprise a novel tumor suppressor family whose two members, PHLPP1 and PHLPP2, are deleted as frequently as PTEN in cancers such as those of the prostate. PHLPP is thus a novel therapeutic target to suppress oncogenic pathways and is a potential candidate biomarker to stratify patients for the appropriate targeted therapeutics. This review discusses the role of PHLPP in terminating AKT signaling and how pharmacological intervention would impact this pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra C Newton
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093;
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Davis JW. Novel commercially available genomic tests for prostate cancer: a roadmap to understanding their clinical impact. BJU Int 2014; 114:320-2. [PMID: 25146527 DOI: 10.1111/bju.12695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Editorial comment. Urology 2014; 84:312. [PMID: 24962848 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2014.03.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Esserman LJ, Thompson IM, Reid B, Nelson P, Ransohoff DF, Welch HG, Hwang S, Berry DA, Kinzler KW, Black WC, Bissell M, Parnes H, Srivastava S. Addressing overdiagnosis and overtreatment in cancer: a prescription for change. Lancet Oncol 2014; 15:e234-42. [PMID: 24807866 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(13)70598-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 352] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A vast range of disorders--from indolent to fast-growing lesions--are labelled as cancer. Therefore, we believe that several changes should be made to the approach to cancer screening and care, such as use of new terminology for indolent and precancerous disorders. We propose the term indolent lesion of epithelial origin, or IDLE, for those lesions (currently labelled as cancers) and their precursors that are unlikely to cause harm if they are left untreated. Furthermore, precursors of cancer or high-risk disorders should not have the term cancer in them. The rationale for this change in approach is that indolent lesions with low malignant potential are common, and screening brings indolent lesions and their precursors to clinical attention, which leads to overdiagnosis and, if unrecognised, possible overtreatment. To minimise that potential, new strategies should be adopted to better define and manage IDLEs. Screening guidelines should be revised to lower the chance of detection of minimal-risk IDLEs and inconsequential cancers with the same energy traditionally used to increase the sensitivity of screening tests. Changing the terminology for some of the lesions currently referred to as cancer will allow physicians to shift medicolegal notions and perceived risk to reflect the evolving understanding of biology, be more judicious about when a biopsy should be done, and organise studies and registries that offer observation or less invasive approaches for indolent disease. Emphasis on avoidance of harm while assuring benefit will improve screening and treatment of patients and will be equally effective in the prevention of death from cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ian M Thompson
- University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Brian Reid
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Peter Nelson
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Donald A Berry
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | | | - Mina Bissell
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Howard Parnes
- Division of Prostate and Urologic Cancer Research Group, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sudhir Srivastava
- Cancer Biomarkers Research Group, Division of Cancer Prevention, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Abstract
Tissue-preserving focal therapies, such as brachytherapy, cryotherapy, high-intensity focused ultrasound and photodynamic therapy, aim to target individual cancer lesions rather than the whole prostate. These treatments have emerged as potential interventions for localized prostate cancer to reduce treatment-related adverse-effects associated with whole-gland treatments, such as radical prostatectomy and radiotherapy. In this article, the Prostate Cancer RCT Consensus Group propose that a novel cohort-embedded randomized controlled trial (RCT) would provide a means to study men with clinically significant localized disease, which we defined on the basis of PSA level (≤ 15 ng/ml or ≤ 20 ng/ml), Gleason grade (Gleason pattern ≤ 4 + 4 or ≤ 4 + 3) and stage (≤ cT2cN0M0). This RCT should recruit men who stand to benefit from treatment, with the control arm being whole-gland surgery or radiotherapy. Composite outcomes measuring rates of local and systemic salvage therapies at 3-5 years might best constitute the basis of the primary outcome on which to change practice.
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Huang KH, Carter SC, Hu JC. Does robotic prostatectomy meet its promise in the management of prostate cancer? Curr Urol Rep 2014; 14:184-91. [PMID: 23564268 DOI: 10.1007/s11934-013-0327-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Following Walsh's advances in pelvic anatomy and surgical technique to minimize intraoperative peri-prostatic trauma more than 30 years ago, open retropubic radical prostatectomy (RRP) evolved to become the gold standard treatment of localized prostate cancer, with excellent long-term survival outcomes [1•]. However, RRP is performed with great heterogeneity, even among high volume surgeons, and subtle differences in surgical technique result in clinically significant differences in recovery of urinary and sexual function. Since the initial description of robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) in 2000 [2], and U.S. Food and Drug Administration approval shortly thereafter, RARP has been rapidly adopted and has overtaken RRP as the most popular surgical approach in the management of prostate cancer in the United States [3]. However, the surgical management of prostate cancer remains controversial. This is confounded by the idolatry of new technologies and aggressive marketing versus conservatism in embracing tradition. Herein, we review the literature to compare RRP to RARP in terms of perioperative, oncologic, and quality-of-life outcomes as well as healthcare costs. This is a particularly relevant, given the absence of randomized trials and long-term (more than 10-year) follow-up for RARP biochemical recurrence-free survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-How Huang
- Institute of Urologic Oncology, Department of Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, 924 Westwood Blvd, Suite 1000, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA
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Sun M, Sammon JD, Becker A, Roghmann F, Tian Z, Kim SP, Larouche A, Abdollah F, Hu JC, Karakiewicz PI, Trinh QD. Radical prostatectomy vs radiotherapy vs observation among older patients with clinically localized prostate cancer: a comparative effectiveness evaluation. BJU Int 2013; 113:200-8. [DOI: 10.1111/bju.12321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maxine Sun
- Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit; University of Montreal Health Center; Montreal Canada
| | - Jesse D. Sammon
- VUI Center for Outcomes Research, Analytics and Evaluation; Henry Ford Health Systems; Detroit MI USA
| | - Andreas Becker
- Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit; University of Montreal Health Center; Montreal Canada
| | - Florian Roghmann
- Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit; University of Montreal Health Center; Montreal Canada
| | - Zhe Tian
- Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit; University of Montreal Health Center; Montreal Canada
| | - Simon P. Kim
- Department of Urology; Yale University; New Haven CT USA
| | - Alexandre Larouche
- Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit; University of Montreal Health Center; Montreal Canada
| | - Firas Abdollah
- Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit; University of Montreal Health Center; Montreal Canada
| | - Jim C. Hu
- Department of Urology; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA; Los Angeles CA USA
| | - Pierre I. Karakiewicz
- Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit; University of Montreal Health Center; Montreal Canada
- Department of Urology; University of Montreal Health Center; Montreal Canada
| | - Quoc-Dien Trinh
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology; Brigham and Women's Hospital/Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School; Boston MA USA
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Froehner M. Screening and efficacy of radical prostatectomy. Asian J Androl 2013; 15:441-2. [PMID: 23584377 DOI: 10.1038/aja.2013.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Froehner
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden University of Technology, Fetscherstrasse 74, Dresden D-01307, Germany.
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Garzotto M, Hung AY. Advances in the Multimodality Management of High-risk Prostate Cancer. Surg Oncol Clin N Am 2013; 22:375-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.soc.2012.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Lazzeri M, Haese A, de la Taille A, Palou Redorta J, McNicholas T, Lughezzani G, Scattoni V, Bini V, Freschi M, Sussman A, Ghaleh B, Le Corvoisier P, Alberola Bou J, Esquena Fernández S, Graefen M, Guazzoni G. Serum isoform [-2]proPSA derivatives significantly improve prediction of prostate cancer at initial biopsy in a total PSA range of 2-10 ng/ml: a multicentric European study. Eur Urol 2013; 63:986-94. [PMID: 23375961 DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2013.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2012] [Accepted: 01/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Strategies to reduce prostate-specific antigen (PSA)-driven prostate cancer (PCa) overdiagnosis and overtreatment seem to be necessary. OBJECTIVE To test the accuracy of serum isoform [-2]proPSA (p2PSA) and its derivatives, percentage of p2PSA to free PSA (fPSA; %p2PSA) and the Prostate Health Index (PHI)-called index tests-in discriminating between patients with and without PCa. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This was an observational, prospective cohort study of patients from five European urologic centers with a total PSA (tPSA) range of 2-10 ng/ml who were subjected to initial prostate biopsy for suspected PCa. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS The primary end point was to evaluate the specificity, sensitivity, and diagnostic accuracy of index tests in determining the presence of PCa at prostate biopsy in comparison to tPSA, fPSA, and percentage of fPSA to tPSA (%fPSA) (standard tests) and the number of prostate biopsies that could be spared using these tests. Multivariable logistic regression models were complemented by predictive accuracy analysis and decision curve analysis. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS Of >646 patients, PCa was diagnosed in 264 (40.1%). Median tPSA (5.7 vs 5.8 ng/ml; p=0.942) and p2PSA (15.0 vs 14.7 pg/ml) did not differ between groups; conversely, median fPSA (0.7 vs 1 ng/ml; p<0.001), %fPSA (0.14 vs 0.17; p<0.001), %p2PSA (2.1 vs 1.6; p<0.001), and PHI (48.2 vs 38; p<0.001) did differ significantly between men with and without PCa. In multivariable logistic regression models, p2PSA, %p2PSA, and PHI significantly increased the accuracy of the base multivariable model by 6.4%, 5.6%, and 6.4%, respectively (all p<0.001). At a PHI cut-off of 27.6, a total of 100 (15.5%) biopsies could have been avoided. The main limitation is that cases were selected on the basis of their initial tPSA values. CONCLUSIONS In patients with a tPSA range of 2-10 ng/ml, %p2PSA and PHI are the strongest predictors of PCa at initial biopsy and are significantly more accurate than tPSA and %fPSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Lazzeri
- Department of Urology, Ospedale San Raffaele Turro, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
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Re: Radical Prostatectomy Versus Observation for Localized Prostate Cancer. J Urol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2012.10.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Gardiner RFA, Yaxley J, Baade PD. Integrating disparate snippets of information in an approach to PSA testing in Australia and New Zealand. BJU Int 2012. [PMID: 23194123 DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-410x.2012.11616.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
• An invited response to 'Stricker PD, Frydenberg M, Kneebone A, Chopra S. Informed prostate cancer risk-adjusted testing: a new paradigm'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Frank A Gardiner
- Department of Urology, University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research and Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, and Cancer Council Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
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Catalona WJ. Words of wisdom. Re: Radical prostatectomy versus observation for localized prostate cancer. Eur Urol 2012; 62:1195. [PMID: 23141124 DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2012.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- William J Catalona
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
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Bremer M. [Radical prostatectomy versus observation for localized prostate cancer]. Strahlenther Onkol 2012; 188:1159-60. [PMID: 23108386 DOI: 10.1007/s00066-012-0246-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Bremer
- Klinik für Strahlentherapie und spezielle Onkologie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Deutschland.
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