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Kirchner K, Garvert L, Kühn L, Bonk S, Grabe HJ, Van der Auwera S. Detrimental Effects of ApoE ε4 on Blood-Brain Barrier Integrity and Their Potential Implications on the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease. Cells 2023; 12:2512. [PMID: 37947590 PMCID: PMC10649078 DOI: 10.3390/cells12212512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease representing the most common type of dementia in older adults. The major risk factors include increased age, genetic predisposition and socioeconomic factors. Among the genetic factors, the apolipoprotein E (ApoE) ε4 allele poses the greatest risk. Growing evidence suggests that cerebrovascular dysfunctions, including blood-brain barrier (BBB) leakage, are also linked to AD pathology. Within the scope of this paper, we, therefore, look upon the relationship between ApoE, BBB integrity and AD. In doing so, both brain-derived and peripheral ApoE will be considered. Despite the considerable evidence for the involvement of brain-derived ApoE ε4 in AD, information about the effect of peripheral ApoE ε4 on the central nervous system is scarce. However, a recent study demonstrated that peripheral ApoE ε4 might be sufficient to impair brain functions and aggravate amyloid-beta pathogenesis independent from brain-based ApoE ε4 expression. Building upon recent literature, we provide an insight into the latest research that has enhanced the understanding of how ApoE ε4, secreted either in the brain or the periphery, influences BBB integrity and consequently affects AD pathogenesis. Subsequently, we propose a pathway model based on current literature and discuss future research perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Kirchner
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Linda Garvert
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Luise Kühn
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Sarah Bonk
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Hans Jörgen Grabe
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
- German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Partner Site Rostock/Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Sandra Van der Auwera
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
- German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Partner Site Rostock/Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
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Terock J, Bonk S, Frenzel S, Wittfeld K, Garvert L, Hosten N, Nauck M, Völzke H, Van der Auwera S, Grabe HJ. Vitamin D deficit is associated with accelerated brain aging in the general population. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2022; 327:111558. [PMID: 36302278 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2022.111558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with reduced neurocognitive functioning and the neurodegenerative processes. However, existing evidence on brain structural correlates of vitamin D deficiency is controversial. We sought to investigate associations of vitamin D levels with imaging patterns of brain aging. In addition, we investigated whether low vitamin D levels were associated with gray matter volumes, whole brain volumes and hippocampus volumes. Structural MRI data and vitamin D levels were obtained in 1,865 subjects from the general population. Linear regressions were applied to investigate the association of vitamin D levels and vitamin D deficiency with imaging derived brain age, total brain, gray matter and hippocampal volumes. Different sets of covariates were included. Vitamin D deficiency was significantly associated with increased brain age. Also, linear vitamin D levels were significantly associated with total brain and gray matter volumes, while no significant association with hippocampal volume was found. Further interaction analyses showed that this association was only significant for male subjects. Our results support previous findings suggesting that vitamin D-deficient individuals have an accelerated brain aging. In addition, associations between vitamin D levels and total brain/ gray matter volumes suggest neuroprotective effects of vitamin D on the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Terock
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, HELIOS Hanseklinikum Stralsund, Stralsund, Germany.
| | - Sarah Bonk
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany
| | - Stefan Frenzel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany
| | - Katharina Wittfeld
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases DZNE, Site Rostock/ Greifswald, Germany
| | - Linda Garvert
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany
| | - Norbert Hosten
- Institute for Diagnostic Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany
| | - Matthias Nauck
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany
| | - Henry Völzke
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany
| | - Sandra Van der Auwera
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases DZNE, Site Rostock/ Greifswald, Germany
| | - Hans Joergen Grabe
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases DZNE, Site Rostock/ Greifswald, Germany
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3
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Bonk S, Kirchner K, Ameling S, Garvert L, Völzke H, Nauck M, Völker U, Grabe HJ, Van der Auwera S. APOE ε4 in Depression-Associated Memory Impairment—Evidence from Genetic and MicroRNA Analyses. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10071560. [PMID: 35884866 PMCID: PMC9313258 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10071560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The aim of this study was to replicate a reported interaction between APOE ε4 status and depression on memory function in two independent, nondemented samples from the general population and to examine the potential role of circulating plasma miRNAs. (2) Methods: The impact of the APOE ε4 allele on verbal memory and the interaction with depression is investigated in two large general-population cohorts from the Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP, total n = 6286). Additionally, biological insights are gained by examining the potential role of circulating plasma miRNAs as potential epigenetic regulators. Analyses are performed using linear regression models adjusted for relevant biological and environmental covariates. (3) Results: Current depression as well as carrying the APOE ε4 allele were associated with impaired memory performance, with increasing effect for subjects with both risk factors. In a subcohort with available miRNA data subjects with current depressive symptoms and carrying APOE e4 revealed reduced levels of hsa-miR-107, a prominent risk marker for early Alzheimer’s Disease. (4) Conclusions: Our results confirm the effect of depressive symptoms and APOE ε4 status on memory performance. Additionally, miRNA analysis identified hsa-miR-107 as a possible biological link between APOE ε4, depressive symptoms, and cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Bonk
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany; (S.B.); (K.K.); (L.G.); (H.J.G.)
| | - Kevin Kirchner
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany; (S.B.); (K.K.); (L.G.); (H.J.G.)
| | - Sabine Ameling
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany; (S.A.); (U.V.)
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany; (H.V.); (M.N.)
| | - Linda Garvert
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany; (S.B.); (K.K.); (L.G.); (H.J.G.)
| | - Henry Völzke
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany; (H.V.); (M.N.)
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Matthias Nauck
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany; (H.V.); (M.N.)
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Uwe Völker
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany; (S.A.); (U.V.)
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany; (H.V.); (M.N.)
| | - Hans J. Grabe
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany; (S.B.); (K.K.); (L.G.); (H.J.G.)
- German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Site Rostock/Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Sandra Van der Auwera
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany; (S.B.); (K.K.); (L.G.); (H.J.G.)
- German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Site Rostock/Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
- Correspondence:
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4
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Spethmann T, Böckelmann LC, Labitzky V, Ahlers AK, Schröder-Schwarz J, Bonk S, Simon R, Sauter G, Huland H, Kypta R, Schumacher U, Lange T. Opposing prognostic relevance of junction plakoglobin in distinct prostate cancer patient subsets. Mol Oncol 2021; 15:1956-1969. [PMID: 33533127 PMCID: PMC8253102 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Both oncogenic and tumor suppressor functions have been described for junction plakoglobin (JUP), also known as γ-catenin. To clarify the role of JUP in prostate cancer, JUP protein expression was immunohistochemically detected in a tissue microarray containing 11 267 individual prostatectomy specimens. Considering all patients, high JUP expression was associated with adverse tumor stage (P = 0.0002), high Gleason grade (P < 0.0001), and lymph node metastases (P = 0.011). These associations were driven mainly by the subset without TMPRSS2:ERG fusion, in which high JUP expression was an independent predictor of poor prognosis (multivariate analyses, P = 0.0054) and early biochemical recurrence (P = 0.0003). High JUP expression was further linked to strong androgen receptor expression (P < 0.0001), high cell proliferation, and PTEN and FOXP1 deletion (P < 0.0001). In the ERG-negative subset, high JUP expression was additionally linked to MAP3K7 (P = 0.0007) and CHD1 deletion (P = 0.0021). Contrasting the overall prognostic effect of JUP, low JUP expression indicated poor prognosis in the fraction of CHD1-deleted patients (P = 0.039). In this subset, the association of high JUP and high cell proliferation was specifically absent. In conclusion, the controversial biological roles of JUP are reflected by antagonistic prognostic effects in distinct prostate cancer patient subsets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Spethmann
- Institute of Anatomy and Experimental Morphology, Center for Experimental Medicine, University Cancer Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Lukas Clemens Böckelmann
- Institute of Anatomy and Experimental Morphology, Center for Experimental Medicine, University Cancer Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany.,Martini-Klinik, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Vera Labitzky
- Institute of Anatomy and Experimental Morphology, Center for Experimental Medicine, University Cancer Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Ann-Kristin Ahlers
- Institute of Anatomy and Experimental Morphology, Center for Experimental Medicine, University Cancer Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany.,Martini-Klinik, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Jennifer Schröder-Schwarz
- Institute of Anatomy and Experimental Morphology, Center for Experimental Medicine, University Cancer Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Sarah Bonk
- General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery Department, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Ronald Simon
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Guido Sauter
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Hartwig Huland
- Martini-Klinik, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Robert Kypta
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, UK.,Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences, CIC bioGUNE, Derio, Spain
| | - Udo Schumacher
- Institute of Anatomy and Experimental Morphology, Center for Experimental Medicine, University Cancer Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Tobias Lange
- Institute of Anatomy and Experimental Morphology, Center for Experimental Medicine, University Cancer Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
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5
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Marx A, Koopmann L, Höflmayer D, Büscheck F, Hube-Magg C, Steurer S, Eichenauer T, Clauditz TS, Wilczak W, Simon R, Sauter G, Izbicki JR, Huland H, Heinzer H, Graefen M, Haese A, Schlomm T, Bernreuther C, Lebok P, Bonk S. Reduced anoctamin 7 (ANO7) expression is a strong and independent predictor of poor prognosis in prostate cancer. Cancer Biol Med 2021; 18:245-255. [PMID: 33628598 PMCID: PMC7877177 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2019.0324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Anoctamin 7 (ANO7) is a calcium2+-dependent chloride ion channel protein. Its expression is restricted to prostate epithelial cells. The exact function is unknown. This study aimed to analyze ANO7 expression and its clinical significance in prostate cancer (PCa). Methods ANO7 expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry in 17,747 clinical PCa specimens. Results ANO7 was strongly expressed in normal prostate glandular cells but often less abundant in cancer cells. ANO7 staining was interpretable in 13,594 cancer tissues and considered strong in 34.4%, moderate in 48.7%, weak in 9.3%, and negative in 7.6%. Reduced staining was tightly linked to adverse tumor features [high classical and quantitative Gleason grade, lymph node metastasis, advanced tumor stage, high Ki67 labeling index, positive surgical margin, and early biochemical recurrence (P < 0.0001 each)]. The univariate Cox hazard ratio for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) recurrence after prostatectomy in patients with negative vs. strong ANO7 expression was 2.98 (95% confidence interval 2.61-3.38). The prognostic impact was independent of established pre- or postoperatively available parameters (P < 0.0001). Analysis of annotated molecular data showed that low ANO7 expression was linked to TMPRSS2:ERG fusions (P < 0.0001), elevated androgen receptor expression (P < 0.0001), as well as presence of 9 of 11 chromosomal deletions (P < 0.05 each). A particularly strong association of low ANO7 expression with phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) deletion may indicate a functional relationship with the PTEN/AKT pathway. Conclusions These data identify reduced ANO7 protein expression as a strong and independent predictor of poor prognosis in PCa. ANO7 measurement, either alone or in combination, might provide clinically useful prognostic information in PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Marx
- Institute of Pathology, Klinikum Fürth, Fürth 90766, Germany
| | - Lena Koopmann
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Doris Höflmayer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Franziska Büscheck
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Claudia Hube-Magg
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Stefan Steurer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Till Eichenauer
- Department of Urology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Till S Clauditz
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Waldemar Wilczak
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Ronald Simon
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Guido Sauter
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Jakob R Izbicki
- General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery Department and Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Hartwig Huland
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Hans Heinzer
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Markus Graefen
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Alexander Haese
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Thorsten Schlomm
- Department of Urology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin 10117, Germany
| | - Christian Bernreuther
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Patrick Lebok
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Sarah Bonk
- Department of Urology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
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6
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Bonk S, Kluth M, Jansen K, Hube-Magg C, Makrypidi-Fraune G, Höflmayer D, Weidemann S, Möller K, Uhlig R, Büscheck F, Luebke AM, Burandt E, Clauditz TS, Steurer S, Schlomm T, Huland H, Heinzer H, Sauter G, Simon R, Dum D. Reduced KLK2 expression is a strong and independent predictor of poor prognosis in ERG-negative prostate cancer. Prostate 2020; 80:1097-1107. [PMID: 32628300 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kallikrein-related peptidase 2 (KLK2)-like KLK3 (prostate-specific antigen [PSA])-belongs to the highly conserved serine proteases of the glandular kallikrein protein family (KLK family). Studies suggested that measurement of KLK2 serum levels advanced the predictive accuracy of PSA testing in prostate cancer. METHODS To clarify the potential utility of KLK2 as a prognostic tissue biomarker, KLK2 expression was analyzed by immunohistochemistry in more than 12 000 prostate cancers. RESULTS Normal epithelium cells usually showed weak to moderate KLK2 immunostaining, whereas KLK2 was negative in 23%, weak in 38%, moderate in 35%, and strong in 4% of 9576 analyzable cancers. Lost or reduced KLK2 immunostaining was associated with advanced tumor stage, high Gleason score, lymph node metastasis, increased cell proliferation, positive resection margin, and early PSA recurrence (P < .0001). Comparison with previously analyzed molecular alterations revealed a strong association of KLK2 loss and presence of TMPRSS2:ERG fusion (P < .0001), most of all analyzed common deletions (9 of 11; P ≤ .03), and decreased PSA immunostaining (P < .0001 each). Cancers with combined negative or weak immunostaining of KLK2 and PSA showed worse prognosis than cancers with at least moderate staining of one or both proteins (P < .0001). Multivariate analyses including established preoperative and postoperative prognostic parameters showed a strong independent prognostic impact of KLK2 loss alone or in combination of PSA, especially in erythroblast transformation-specific-negative cancers (P ≤ .006). CONCLUSIONS Loss of KLK2 expression is a potentially useful prognostic marker in prostate cancer. Analysis of KLK2 alone or in combination with PSA may be useful for estimating cancer aggressiveness at the time of biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Bonk
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery and Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martina Kluth
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kristina Jansen
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery and Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Hube-Magg
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Doris Höflmayer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sören Weidemann
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Möller
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ria Uhlig
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Franziska Büscheck
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andreas M Luebke
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Eike Burandt
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Till S Clauditz
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Steurer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Schlomm
- Department of Urology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hartwig Huland
- Prostate Cancer Center (Martini-Clinic), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hans Heinzer
- Prostate Cancer Center (Martini-Clinic), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Guido Sauter
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ronald Simon
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - David Dum
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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7
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Bonk S, Tasdelen P, Kluth M, Hube-Magg C, Makrypidi-Fraune G, Möller K, Höflmayer D, Dwertmann Rico S, Büscheck F, Minner S, Heinzer H, Graefen M, Hinsch A, Luebke AM, Dum D, Uhlig R, Schlomm T, Sauter G, Simon R, Weidemann SA. High B7-H3 expression is linked to increased risk of prostate cancer progression. Pathol Int 2020; 70:733-742. [PMID: 32776718 DOI: 10.1111/pin.12999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
B7-H3 is a member of the B7 superfamily of immune checkpoint molecules. B7-H3 up regulation has been linked to cancer development and progression in many tumors including prostate cancer. To clarify the potential utility of B7-H3 as a prognostic biomarker, B7-H3 expression was analyzed by immunohistochemistry in more than 17 000 prostate cancers. Normal prostatic glands were largely B7-H3 negative, while membranous B7-H3 immunostaining was seen in 47.0% of analyzed cancers. B7-H3 immunostaining was weak in 12.3%, moderate in 21.1% and strong in 13.5% of cases. High B7-H3 expression was associated with pT, Gleason score, lymph node metastasis, high Ki67 labeling index and early prostate-specific antigen recurrence (P < 0.0001 each). High B7-H3 expression was also linked to high androgen receptor expression and TMPRSS2:V-ets avian erythroblastosis virus E26 oncogene homolog (ERG) fusions (P < 0.0001 each). Multivariate analyses showed a strong independent prognostic impact of high B7-H3 expression in all cancers and in the ERG negative subgroup. Comparison with previously analyzed frequent chromosomal deletions revealed a close association with Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog deletions. Analysis of B7-H3, alone or in combination with other markers, might be of clinical utility, especially in the subgroup of ERG negative prostate cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Bonk
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery Department and Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Pinar Tasdelen
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martina Kluth
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Hube-Magg
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Katharina Möller
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Doris Höflmayer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Franziska Büscheck
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sarah Minner
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hans Heinzer
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Markus Graefen
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Hinsch
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andreas M Luebke
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - David Dum
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ria Uhlig
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Schlomm
- Department of Urology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Guido Sauter
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ronald Simon
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sören A Weidemann
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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8
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Wittenburg D, Bonk S, Doschoris M, Reyer H. Design of experiments for fine-mapping quantitative trait loci in livestock populations. BMC Genet 2020; 21:66. [PMID: 32600319 PMCID: PMC7324978 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-020-00871-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) which capture a significant impact on a trait can be identified with genome-wide association studies. High linkage disequilibrium (LD) among SNPs makes it difficult to identify causative variants correctly. Thus, often target regions instead of single SNPs are reported. Sample size has not only a crucial impact on the precision of parameter estimates, it also ensures that a desired level of statistical power can be reached. We study the design of experiments for fine-mapping of signals of a quantitative trait locus in such a target region. METHODS A multi-locus model allows to identify causative variants simultaneously, to state their positions more precisely and to account for existing dependencies. Based on the commonly applied SNP-BLUP approach, we determine the z-score statistic for locally testing non-zero SNP effects and investigate its distribution under the alternative hypothesis. This quantity employs the theoretical instead of observed dependence between SNPs; it can be set up as a function of paternal and maternal LD for any given population structure. RESULTS We simulated multiple paternal half-sib families and considered a target region of 1 Mbp. A bimodal distribution of estimated sample size was observed, particularly if more than two causative variants were assumed. The median of estimates constituted the final proposal of optimal sample size; it was consistently less than sample size estimated from single-SNP investigation which was used as a baseline approach. The second mode pointed to inflated sample sizes and could be explained by blocks of varying linkage phases leading to negative correlations between SNPs. Optimal sample size increased almost linearly with number of signals to be identified but depended much stronger on the assumption on heritability. For instance, three times as many samples were required if heritability was 0.1 compared to 0.3. An R package is provided that comprises all required tools. CONCLUSIONS Our approach incorporates information about the population structure into the design of experiments. Compared to a conventional method, this leads to a reduced estimate of sample size enabling the resource-saving design of future experiments for fine-mapping of candidate variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dörte Wittenburg
- Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology, Institute of Genetics and Biometry, Dummerstorf, 18196 Germany
| | - Sarah Bonk
- University Medicine Greifswald, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Greifswald, 17475 Germany
| | - Michael Doschoris
- Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology, Institute of Genetics and Biometry, Dummerstorf, 18196 Germany
| | - Henry Reyer
- Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology, Institute of Genome Biology, Dummerstorf, 18196 Germany
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9
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Möller K, Wecker AL, Höflmayer D, Fraune C, Makrypidi-Fraune G, Hube-Magg C, Kluth M, Steurer S, Clauditz TS, Wilczak W, Simon R, Sauter G, Huland H, Heinzer H, Haese A, Schlomm T, Weidemann S, Luebke AM, Minner S, Bernreuther C, Bonk S, Marx A. Upregulation of the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein hnRNPA1 is an independent predictor of early biochemical recurrence in TMPRSS2:ERG fusion-negative prostate cancers. Virchows Arch 2020; 477:625-636. [PMID: 32417965 PMCID: PMC7581599 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-020-02834-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 (hnRNPA1) is a ubiquitous RNA splicing factor that is overexpressed and prognostically relevant in various human cancer types. To study the impact of hnRNPA1 expression in prostate cancer, we analyzed a tissue microarray containing 17,747 clinical prostate cancer specimens by immunohistochemistry. hnRNPA1 was expressed in normal prostate glandular cells but often overexpressed in cancer cells. hnRNPA1 immunostaining was interpretable in 14,258 cancers and considered strong in 33.4%, moderate in 45.9%, weak in 15.3%, and negative in 5.4%. Moderate to strong hnRNPA1 immunostaining was strongly linked to adverse tumor features including high classical and quantitative Gleason score, lymph node metastasis, advanced tumor stage, positive surgical margin, and early biochemical recurrence (p < 0.0001 each). The prognostic impact of hnRNPA1 immunostaining was independent of established preoperatively or postoperatively available prognostic parameters (p < 0.0001). Subset analyses revealed that all these associations were strongly driven by the fraction of cancers lacking the TMPRSS2:ERG gene fusion. Comparison with other key molecular data that were earlier obtained on the same TMA showed that hnRNPA1 overexpression was linked to high levels of androgen receptor (AR) expression (p < 0.0001) as well as presence of 9 of 11 chromosomal deletions (p < 0.05 each). A strong association between hnRNPA1 upregulation and tumor cell proliferation that was independent from the Gleason score supports a role for tumor cell aggressiveness. In conclusion, hnRNPA1 overexpression is an independent predictor of poor prognosis in ERG-negative prostate cancer. hnRNPA1 measurement, either alone or in combination, might provide prognostic information in ERG-negative prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Möller
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anna Lena Wecker
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Doris Höflmayer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Fraune
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Georgia Makrypidi-Fraune
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Hube-Magg
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martina Kluth
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Steurer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Till S Clauditz
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Waldemar Wilczak
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ronald Simon
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Guido Sauter
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hartwig Huland
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hans Heinzer
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Haese
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Schlomm
- Department of Urology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sören Weidemann
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andreas M Luebke
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sarah Minner
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Bernreuther
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sarah Bonk
- General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery Department and Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Marx
- Institute of Pathology, Klinikum Fürth, Fürth, Germany
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10
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Höflmayer D, Hamuda M, Schroeder C, Hube-Magg C, Simon R, Göbel C, Hinsch A, Weidemann S, Möller K, Izbicki JR, Jacobsen F, Mandelkow T, Blessin NC, Lutz F, Viehweger F, Sauter G, Burandt E, Lebok P, Lennartz M, Fraune C, Minner S, Bonk S, Huland H, Graefen M, Schlomm T, Büscheck F. High RSF1 protein expression is an independent prognostic feature in prostate cancer. Acta Oncol 2020; 59:268-273. [PMID: 31687881 DOI: 10.1080/0284186x.2019.1686537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Background: Remodelling and spacing factor 1 (RSF1) is involved in the regulation of chromatin remodelling and represents a potential therapeutic target. High RSF1 expression has been linked to adverse tumour features in many cancer types, but its role in prostate cancer is uncertain.Methods: In this study, RSF1 expression was analysed by immunohistochemistry on a tissue microarray with 17,747 prostate cancers.Results: Nuclear RSF1 staining of 16,456 interpetable cancers was considered strong, moderate, weak and negative in 25.2%, 48.7%, 5.3% and 20.8% of cancers respectively. Positive RSF1 expression was associated with advanced tumour stage, high Gleason grade, lymph node metastasis (p < .0001 each), early biochemical recurrence (p < .0003) and more frequent in the ERG positive than in the ERG negative subset (88% versus 71%; p < .0001). Subset analysis revealed, that associations between RSF1 expression and unfavourable tumour phenotype and PSA recurrence were present in both subgroups but stronger in the ERG negative than in the ERG positive subset. The univariate Cox proportional hazard ratio for PSA recurrence-free survival for strong versus negative RSF1 expression was a weak 1.60 compared with 5.91 for the biopsy Gleason grade ≥4 + 4 versus ≤3 + 3. The positive association of RSF1 protein detection with deletion of 3p13, 10q23 (PTEN), 12p13, 16q23, and 17p13 (p < .0001 each) suggest a role of high RSF1 expression in the development of genomic instability.Conclusion: In summary, the results of our study identify RSF1 as an independent prognostic marker in prostate cancer with a particularly strong role in ERG negative cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doris Höflmayer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Moslim Hamuda
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Cornelia Schroeder
- General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery Department and Clinic, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Hube-Magg
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ronald Simon
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Cosima Göbel
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Hinsch
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sören Weidemann
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Möller
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jacob R. Izbicki
- General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery Department and Clinic, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Frank Jacobsen
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tim Mandelkow
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Niclas C. Blessin
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Florian Lutz
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Florian Viehweger
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Guido Sauter
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Eike Burandt
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Patrick Lebok
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Maximilian Lennartz
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Fraune
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sarah Minner
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sarah Bonk
- General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery Department and Clinic, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hartwig Huland
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Centre, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Markus Graefen
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Centre, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Schlomm
- Department of Urology, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Franziska Büscheck
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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11
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Bonk S, Van DAS, Frenzel S, Wittfeld K, Hosten N, Nauck M, Völzke H, Grabe HJ. Moderating effects of serum vitamin D on brain structure. PHARMACOPSYCHIATRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-3403028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Bonk
- Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Germany
| | - der Auwera S Van
- Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Germany
| | - St Frenzel
- Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Germany
| | - K Wittfeld
- Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Germany
| | - N Hosten
- Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Germany
| | - M Nauck
- Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Germany
| | - H Völzke
- Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Germany
| | - HJ Grabe
- Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Germany
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12
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Terock J, Hannemann A, Van der Auwera S, Janowitz D, Spitzer C, Bonk S, Völzke H, Grabe HJ. Posttraumatic stress disorder is associated with reduced vitamin D levels and functional polymorphisms of the vitamin D binding-protein in a population-based sample. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2020; 96:109760. [PMID: 31518608 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2019.109760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Low levels of vitamin D were found to be associated with different mental disorders. However, the role of vitamin D in the pathogenesis of PTSD is unclear. In this study, we aimed at investigating whether PTSD is linked to reduced vitamin D levels and vitamin D deficiency. Moreover, we sought to investigate the role of the vitamin D-binding protein (also group-specific component or Gc) by testing if two functional polymorphisms (rs4588 and rs7041) were associated with vitamin D levels and PTSD. METHODS Serum levels of total 25(OH)D were measured in a general-population sample of the Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP-1). The number of traumatic events and status of PTSD were assessed using the PTSD module of the Structured Clinical Interview for the DSM-IV. Study participants were genotyped for rs4588 and rs7041. Associations of 25(OH)D levels and the genotypes with PTSD were tested in subjects with at least one traumatic event (n = 1653). RESULTS 25(OH)D levels were inversely (OR: 0.96; p = 0.044) and vitamin D deficiency was positively (OR = 2.02; p = 0.028) associated with PTSD. Both polymorphisms of the Gc were associated with 25(OH)D levels and PTSD: Carriers of the CC-genotype of rs4588 showed significantly higher 25(OH)D levels (ß = 0.179, p < 0.001) and lower odds for PTSD (OR = 0.35; p = 0.023) compared to the AA-genotype. Likewise, carriers of the TT-allele of rs7041 showed lower 25(OH)D levels (-0.122; p < 0.001) and increased odds for PTSD (OR = 2.80; p = 0.015) compared to the GG-genotype. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that an altered vitamin D metabolism may be involved in the pathophysiology of PTSD. Also, genotypes of the Gc and thus Gc serum levels may impact on PTSD development over and above the effects of 25(OH)D. Our findings contribute to explain the associations of PTSD with different mental and physical disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Terock
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, HELIOS Hanseklinikum Stralsund, Rostocker Chaussee 70, 18437 Stralsund, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Ellernholzstraße 1-2, 17475 Greifswald, Germany.
| | - Anke Hannemann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Straße, Greifswald, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research DZHK, Partner Site Greifswald, University Medicine Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Straße, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Sandra Van der Auwera
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Ellernholzstraße 1-2, 17475 Greifswald, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases DZNE, Site Rostock/Greifswald, Ellernholzstraße 1-2, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Deborah Janowitz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Ellernholzstraße 1-2, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Carsten Spitzer
- Department of Psychosomatics and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, University Medicine Rostock, Gehlsheimer Straße 20, 18147 Rostock, Germany
| | - Sarah Bonk
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Ellernholzstraße 1-2, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Henry Völzke
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Ellernholzstraße 1-2, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Hans Jörgen Grabe
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Ellernholzstraße 1-2, 17475 Greifswald, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases DZNE, Site Rostock/Greifswald, Ellernholzstraße 1-2, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
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13
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Büscheck F, Sulimankhil M, Melling N, Höflmayer D, Hube-Magg C, Simon R, Göbel C, Hinsch A, Weidemann S, Izbicki JR, Jacobsen F, Mandelkow T, Blessin NC, Möller-Koop C, Lutz F, Viehweger F, Möller K, Sauter G, Lennartz M, Burandt E, Lebok P, Minner S, Bonk S, Huland H, Graefen M, Schlomm T, Fraune C. Loss of cytoplasmic survivin expression is an independent predictor of poor prognosis in radically operated prostate cancer patients. Cancer Med 2020; 9:1409-1418. [PMID: 31893572 PMCID: PMC7013067 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Survivin is an inhibitor of apoptosis. Aberrant survivin expression occurs in malignant tumors and has often been linked to unfavorable patient outcome. Here we analyzed 12 432 prostate cancers by immunohistochemistry. Survivin immunostaining was regularly expressed at high levels in normal prostate epithelium but expression was often reduced in prostate cancers. Among 9492 evaluable prostate cancers, 9% expressed survivin strongly, 19% moderately, 28% weakly, and 44% lacked it. Loss of cytoplasmic survivin was seen in advanced tumor stage, higher Gleason score, preoperative PSA levels, and Ki‐67 labeling index, and associated with earlier PSA recurrence (P < .0001). Survivin loss was significantly more common in cancers carrying TMPRSS2:ERG fusions (61% survivin negative) than in ERG wild‐type cancers (32% survivin negative; P < .0001). Multivariate analysis revealed that reduced cytoplasmic survivin expression predicted poor prognosis independent from Gleason score, pT, pN, and serum PSA level. This was valid for ERG‐positive and ERG‐negative cancers. Survivin expression loss even retained its prognostic impact in 1020 PTEN deleted cancers, a group that is already characterized by dismal patient prognosis. In conclusion, reduced survivin expression is associated with more aggressive tumors and inferior prognosis in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Büscheck
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mariam Sulimankhil
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nathaniel Melling
- General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery Department and Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Doris Höflmayer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Hube-Magg
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ronald Simon
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Cosima Göbel
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Hinsch
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sören Weidemann
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jacob R Izbicki
- General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery Department and Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Frank Jacobsen
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tim Mandelkow
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Niclas C Blessin
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christina Möller-Koop
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Florian Lutz
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Florian Viehweger
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Möller
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Guido Sauter
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Maximillian Lennartz
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Eike Burandt
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Patrick Lebok
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sarah Minner
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sarah Bonk
- General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery Department and Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hartwig Huland
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Markus Graefen
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Schlomm
- Department of Urology, Charité-University Medical Center Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christoph Fraune
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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14
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Meiners J, Schulz K, Möller K, Höflmayer D, Burdelski C, Hube-Magg C, Simon R, Göbel C, Hinsch A, Reiswich V, Weidemann S, Izbicki JR, Sauter G, Jacobsen F, Möller-Koop C, Mandelkow T, Blessin NC, Lutz F, Viehweger F, Lennartz M, Fraune C, Heinzer H, Minner S, Bonk S, Huland H, Graefen M, Schlomm T, Büscheck F. Upregulation of SPDEF is associated with poor prognosis in prostate cancer. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:5107-5118. [PMID: 31612022 PMCID: PMC6781494 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
SAM pointed domain-containing Ets transcription factor (SPDEF), a member of the ETS transcription factor family, has been associated with prostate cancer development; however, its role in tumour development and progression is controversial. In the present study, SPDEF expression was analysed on a tissue microarray with >12,000 prostate cancer samples. SPDEF expression levels were higher in most prostate cancer samples than in normal prostate epithelium, suggesting SPDEF was upregulated in cancer. Nuclear SPDEF expression was identified in 80% of prostate cancer samples, and considered weak in 26.4%, moderate in 40.1% and strong in 13.5% of cases. SPDEF positivity was significantly associated with tumour stage, Gleason grade, lymph node metastasis and PSA recurrence (all P<0.0001). SPDEF overexpression was more common in ERG positive (94%) than in ERG negative cancer (69%; P<0.0001). Elevated SPDEF expression predicted poor prognosis independent from established prognostic parameters, including Gleason grade, pT, pN, serum PSA level and nodal status (P<0.01). In summary, SPDEF overexpression was associated with aggressive behaviour, particularly in ERG negative prostate cancer, and may have potential for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Meiners
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany.,General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery Department and Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Schulz
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Möller
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Doris Höflmayer
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Burdelski
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Hube-Magg
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ronald Simon
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Cosima Göbel
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Hinsch
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Viktor Reiswich
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sören Weidemann
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jacob R Izbicki
- General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery Department and Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Guido Sauter
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Frank Jacobsen
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christina Möller-Koop
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tim Mandelkow
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Niclas C Blessin
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Florian Lutz
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Florian Viehweger
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Maximillian Lennartz
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Fraune
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hans Heinzer
- Prostate Cancer Center, Martini-Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sarah Minner
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sarah Bonk
- General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery Department and Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hartwig Huland
- Prostate Cancer Center, Martini-Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Markus Graefen
- Prostate Cancer Center, Martini-Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Schlomm
- Department of Urology, Section for Translational Prostate Cancer Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany.,Department of Urology, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, D-10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Franziska Büscheck
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
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Bonk S, Kluth M, Hube-Magg C, Polonski A, Soekeland G, Makropidi-Fraune G, Möller-Koop C, Witt M, Luebke AM, Hinsch A, Burandt E, Steurer S, Clauditz TS, Schlomm T, Perez D, Graefen M, Heinzer H, Huland H, Izbicki JR, Wilczak W, Minner S, Sauter G, Simon R. Prognostic and diagnostic role of PSA immunohistochemistry: A tissue microarray study on 21,000 normal and cancerous tissues. Oncotarget 2019; 10:5439-5453. [PMID: 31534629 PMCID: PMC6739211 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
To assess the prognostic and diagnostic utility of PSA immunostaining, tissue microarrays containing 17,747 prostate cancers, 3,442 other tumors from 82 different (sub) types and 608 normal tissues were analyzed at two different antibody concentrations (1:100 and 1:800). In normal tissues, PSA expression was limited to prostate epithelial cells. In prostate cancers, PSA staining was seen in 99.9–100% (1:800–1:100) primary tumors, 98.7–99.7% of advanced recurrent cancers, in 84.6–91.4% castration resistant cancers, and in 7.7–18.8% of 16 small cell carcinomas. Among extraprostatic tumors, PSA stained positive in 0–3 (1:800-1:100) of 19 osteosarcomas, 1-2 of 34 ovarian cancers, 0-2 of 35 malignant mesotheliomas, 0–1 of 21 thyroid gland carcinomas and 0–1 of 26 large cell lung cancers. Reduced staining intensity and loss of apical staining were strongly linked to unfavorable tumor phenotype and poor prognosis (p
< 0.0001 each). This was all the more the case if a combined “PSA pattern score” was built from staining intensity and pattern. The prognostic impact of the “PSA pattern score” was independent of established pre- and postoperative clinico-pathological prognostic features. In conclusion, PSA immunostaining is a strong prognostic parameter in prostate cancer and has high specificity for prostate cancer at a wide range of antibody dilutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Bonk
- General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery Department, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martina Kluth
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Hube-Magg
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Adam Polonski
- General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery Department, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Greta Soekeland
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Christina Möller-Koop
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Melanie Witt
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andreas M Luebke
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Hinsch
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Eike Burandt
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Steurer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Till S Clauditz
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Schlomm
- Urology Clinic, Charite - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel Perez
- General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery Department, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Markus Graefen
- Martini Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hans Heinzer
- Martini Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hartwig Huland
- Martini Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jakob R Izbicki
- General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery Department, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Waldemar Wilczak
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sarah Minner
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Guido Sauter
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ronald Simon
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Simon R, Kluth M, Fischer K, Bonk S, Hube-Magg C, Höflmayer D, Lennartz M, Lutz F, Sauter G, Büscheck F, Uhlig R, Dum D, Luebke AM, Wittmer C, Jacobsen F, Burandt E, Steurer S, Wilczak W, Minner S. Abstract 430: Prostate specific antigen (PSA) as a diagnostic and prognostic marker of prostate cancer. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2019-430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Since several decades, prostate specific antigen (PSA) is regarded as a specific marker for healthy and neoplastic prostate tissues, and PSA level changes in blood and tissue are discussed as prognostic markers of prostate cancer. Using a custom-made mouse monoclonal anti-PSA antibody, we studied expression of PSA in a tissue microarray (TMAs) comprising 17,456 prostate cancers with long-term follow-up data. PSA staining was typically present in the cytoplasm and pronounced at the apical cell pole. PSA expression was often reduced (15%) or even completely lost (1%). Reduction of PSA expression was significantly linked to adverse features of prostate cancer, including advanced stage, high classical and quantitative Gleason grade, presence of lymph node metastasis, a positive surgical margin, increased cell proliferation, and reduced time to recurrence (p<0.0001 each). Complete lack identified a small subset of patients with the worst prognosis. There was also in impact of the subcellular localization of PSA expression: Loss of the apical staining pattern worsened the prognosis in cancers with otherwise identical levels of cytoplasmic staining. In a multivariable analysis including pT stage, Gleason grade, nodal stage, and resection margin status, loss of PSA expression proved to predict outcome independently from these parameters. Of note, PSA even stratified the prognosis of 971 cancers harboring PTEN deletions in our cancer set. In conclusion, gradual reduction of PSA staining, including a loss of the apical staining pattern, is a strong and independent prognostic marker in prostate cancer.
Citation Format: Ronald Simon, Martina Kluth, Kristine Fischer, Sarah Bonk, Claudia Hube-Magg, Doris Höflmayer, Maximilian Lennartz, Florian Lutz, Guido Sauter, Franziska Büscheck, Ria Uhlig, David Dum, Andreas M. Luebke, Corinna Wittmer, Frank Jacobsen, Eike Burandt, Stefan Steurer, Waldemar Wilczak, Sarah Minner. Prostate specific antigen (PSA) as a diagnostic and prognostic marker of prostate cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 430.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald Simon
- 1Univ. Medical Ctr. Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martina Kluth
- 1Univ. Medical Ctr. Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Sarah Bonk
- 1Univ. Medical Ctr. Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Florian Lutz
- 1Univ. Medical Ctr. Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Guido Sauter
- 1Univ. Medical Ctr. Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Ria Uhlig
- 1Univ. Medical Ctr. Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - David Dum
- 1Univ. Medical Ctr. Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Eike Burandt
- 1Univ. Medical Ctr. Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | | | - Sarah Minner
- 1Univ. Medical Ctr. Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Grupp K, Bonk S, Poppe A, Wodack K, Reeh M, Gocht A, Mann O, Izbicki JR, Bachmann K. Cholecystokinin-8 treatment reduces acinar necrosis and edema of pigs with induced pancreatitis. Asian J Surg 2019; 43:272-277. [PMID: 31171354 DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2019.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute pancreatitis is an inflammatory process of the pancreas and a leading cause of hospitalization amongst gastrointestinal disorders. Previously, cholecystokinin (CCK) has been described to play a role in regeneration of pancreas. The aim of this study was to analyse the function of cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK-8) during induced pancreatitis in an animal model. METHODS Overall acute pancreatitis was induced in 38 pigs. After the induction of acute pancreatitis, half of the animals were treated with CCK-8. Intraoperative clinical data, postoperative blood parameters, 'Porcine Well-being' (PWB) and fitness score and post-mortal histopathological data were analysed. RESULTS At baseline, physiologically parameters of the pigs of both groups were comparable. No differences were observed regarding the overall survival of animals (p = 0.97). Postoperative PWB score were significantly enhanced in animals treated with CCK-8 as compared to the control group (p = 0.029). Moreover, histopathological analysis of the pancreatic tissue revealed that acinar necrosis and edema were significant reduced in the CCK-8 group in comparison to the control group (p = 0.016 and p = 0.019). CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, we found that CCK-8 treatment reduces acinar necrosis and edema of pancreatic tissue after induction of an acute pancreatitis in pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Grupp
- Department of General-, Visceral- and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Sarah Bonk
- Department of General-, Visceral- and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Annika Poppe
- Centre of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Karin Wodack
- Centre of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Reeh
- Department of General-, Visceral- and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Gocht
- Institute of Anatomy and Experimental Morphology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Mann
- Department of General-, Visceral- and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jakob R Izbicki
- Department of General-, Visceral- and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kai Bachmann
- Department of General-, Visceral- and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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18
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Misono A, Wehrenberg-Klee E, Rao S, Fadl S, Attaya H, Bonk S, Sheridan R, Loomis S, Mueller P, Walker T. Medical student IR symposia: characterizing impact on medical student career choices. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2016.12.1065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Bonk S, Reichelt M, Teuscher F, Segelke D, Reinsch N. Mendelian sampling covariability of marker effects and genetic values. Genet Sel Evol 2016; 48:36. [PMID: 27107720 PMCID: PMC4842306 DOI: 10.1186/s12711-016-0214-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Measures of the expected genetic variability among full-sibs are of practical relevance, such as in the context of mating decisions. An important application field in animal and plant breeding is the selection and allocation of mates when large or small amounts of genetic variability among offspring are desired, depending on user-specific goals. Estimates of the Mendelian sampling variance can be obtained by simulating gametes from parents with known diplotypes. Knowledge of recombination rates and additive marker effects is also required. In this study, we aimed at developing an exact method that can account for both additive and dominance effects. Results We derived parent-specific covariance matrices that exactly quantify the within-family (co-)variability of additive and dominance marker effects. These matrices incorporate prior knowledge of the parental diplotypes and recombination rates. When combined with additive marker effects, they allow the exact derivation of the Mendelian sampling (co-)variances of (estimated) breeding values for several traits, as well for the aggregate genotype. A comparative analysis demonstrated good average agreement between the exact values and the simulation results for a practical dataset (74,353 German Holstein cattle). Conclusions The newly derived method is suitable for calculating the exact amount of intra-family variation of the estimated breeding values and genetic values (comprising additive and dominance effects).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Bonk
- Institute of Genetics and Biometry, Leibniz-Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Manuela Reichelt
- Institute of Genetics and Biometry, Leibniz-Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Friedrich Teuscher
- Institute of Genetics and Biometry, Leibniz-Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Dierck Segelke
- Vereinigte Informationssysteme Tierhaltung w.V., Heideweg 1, 27283, Verden, Germany
| | - Norbert Reinsch
- Institute of Genetics and Biometry, Leibniz-Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany.
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Balesh E, Misono A, Attaya H, Wehrenberg-Klee E, Rao S, Specht K, Bonk S, Loomis S, Sheridan R, Mueller P, Walker T. Medical student perceptions of interventional radiology (IR): impact of an IR symposium. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2015.12.599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Burfeind O, Suthar VS, Voigtsberger R, Bonk S, Heuwieser W. Body temperature in early postpartum dairy cows. Theriogenology 2014; 82:121-31. [PMID: 24742963 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2014.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Revised: 03/07/2014] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A strategy widely adopted in the modern dairy industry is the introduction of postpartum health monitoring programs by trained farm personnel. Within these fresh cow protocols, various parameters (e.g., rectal temperature, attitude, milk production, uterine discharge, ketones) are evaluated during the first 5 to 14 days in milk (DIMs) to diagnose relevant diseases. It is well documented that 14% to 66% of healthy cows exhibit at least one temperature of 39.5 °C or greater within the first 10 DIM. Although widely adopted, data on diagnostic performance of body temperature (BT) measurement to diagnose infectious diseases (e.g., metritis, mastitis) are lacking. Therefore, the objective of this study was to identify possible factors associated with BT in postpartum dairy cows. A study was conducted on a commercial dairy farm including 251 cows. In a total of 217 cows, a vaginal temperature logger was inserted from DIM 2 to 10, whereas 34 cows did not receive a temperature logger as control. Temperature loggers measured vaginal temperature every 10 minutes. Rectal temperature was measured twice daily in all cows. On DIM 2, 5, and 10, cows underwent a clinical examination. Body temperature was influenced by various parameters. Primiparous cows had 0.2 °C higher BT than multiparous cows. Multiparous cows that calved during June and July had higher BT than those that calved in May. In primiparous cows, this effect was only evident from DIM 7 to 10. Furthermore, abnormal calving conditions (i.e., assisted calving, dead calf, retained placenta, twins) affected BT in cows. This effect was more pronounced in multiparous cows. Abnormal vaginal discharge did increase BT in primiparous and multiparous cows. Primiparous cows suffering from hyperketonemia (beta-hydroxybutyrat ≥ 1.4 mmol/L) had higher BT than those not affected. In multiparous cows, there was no association between hyperketonemia and BT. The results of this study clearly demonstrate that BT is influenced by various parameters in dairy cows. Therefore, these parameters have to be considered when interpreting measurements of BT in dairy cows. This information helps to explain the high incidence of type I and II errors when measuring BT and clearly illustrates that measures of BT should not be used as a single criterion to decide whether or not to provide antibiotic treatment to dairy cows. However, research-based test characteristics of other parameters (e.g., vaginal discharge) alone or in combination with BT are still lacking.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Burfeind
- Clinic for Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - V S Suthar
- Clinic for Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - R Voigtsberger
- Clinic for Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - S Bonk
- Clinic for Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - W Heuwieser
- Clinic for Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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Bonk S, Burfeind O, Suthar V, Heuwieser W. Technical note: Evaluation of data loggers for measuring lying behavior in dairy calves. J Dairy Sci 2013; 96:3265-71. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2012-6003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2012] [Accepted: 01/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Suthar VS, Burfeind O, Bonk S, Dhami AJ, Heuwieser W. Endogenous and exogenous progesterone influence body temperature in dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2012; 95:2381-9. [PMID: 22541466 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2011-4450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2011] [Accepted: 01/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Three experiments were conducted to determine the effect of endogenous progesterone (P4) on body temperature comparing lactating, pregnant with lactating, nonpregnant cows, and to study the effect of exogenous P4 administered via a controlled internal drug release (CIDR) insert on body temperature in lactating dairy cows. Body temperature was measured vaginally and rectally using temperature loggers and a digital thermometer, respectively. In experiment 1, 10 cyclic lactating cows (3 primiparous, 7 multiparous) and 10 lactating, pregnant cows (3 primiparous, 7 multiparous) were included. Vaginal temperatures and serum P4 concentrations were greater in pregnant cows (vaginal: 0.3±0.01°C; P4: 5.5±0.4 ng/mL) compared with nonpregnant cows. In experiment 2, estrous cycles of 14 postpartum healthy, cyclic, lactating cows (10 primiparous, 4 multiparous) were synchronized, and cows were assigned randomly to 1 of 2 treatments (CIDR-P4 or CIDR-blank). A temperature logger was inserted 1 d after ovulation using a P4-free CIDR (CIDR-blank) and a CIDR containing 1.38g of P4 (CIDR-P4) in the control (n=7) and the P4-treated group (n=7), respectively. On d 3 after P4 treatment, vaginal temperature was 0.3±0.03°C greater compared with that on d 1 and d 5. In experiment 3, 9 cyclic multiparous lactating cows were enrolled 1±1 d after confirmed ovulation and a temperature logger inserted. Two days later, a CIDR-P4 was inserted on top of the CIDR-blank. On d 5±1 and d 7±1, respectively, the CIDR-P4 and CIDR-blank with the temperature logger were removed. During the CIDR-P4 treatment (48h), vaginal temperature was 0.2±0.05°C and 0.1±0.05°C greater than during the pre- and post-treatment periods (48h), respectively. Serum P4 concentration peaked during CIDR-P4 treatment (2.2±0.8 ng/mL) and was greater than during the pre-treatment period (0.2±0.2 ng/mL) for 48h. An increase in vaginal temperature could be due to endogenous and exogenous P4. However, a correlation between serum P4 concentrations and body temperature did not exist. Further investigations are warranted to better understand the pathways of the thermogenic effect of P4 on body temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- V S Suthar
- Clinic of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Burfeind O, Suthar V, Voigtsberger R, Bonk S, Heuwieser W. Validity of prepartum changes in vaginal and rectal temperature to predict calving in dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2011; 94:5053-61. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2011-4484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2011] [Accepted: 06/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Bonk S, Hübotter E, Nickel C, Stocksmeier U, Vahey P, Volk I, Ziel H. Herzinfarktpatienten mit und ohne mehrjährige intensive Ernährungsberatung – Vergleich von physiologischen und sozialen Variablen. Transfus Med Hemother 2009. [DOI: 10.1159/000219637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Donnabella V, Salazar-Schicchi J, Bonk S, Hanna B, Rom WN. Increasing incidence of Mycobacterium xenopi at Bellevue hospital: An emerging pathogen or a product of improved laboratory methods? Chest 2000; 118:1365-70. [PMID: 11083687 DOI: 10.1378/chest.118.5.1365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES To investigate the dramatic rise in number of Mycobacterium xenopi isolates identified in our mycobacteriology laboratory, and to determine if this increase was due to emerging clinical pathology or to changes in culture technique. DESIGN Retrospective chart and laboratory review. SETTING University-affiliated tertiary-care city hospital. PATIENTS Eighty-one patients with a single culture positive for M xenopi from 1975 to 1994 (period 1), and 47 patients with two or more cultures positive from 1994 to 1998 (period 2). INTERVENTIONS The Bellevue mycobacteriology laboratory changed the culture medium from solid Lowenstein-Jensen medium (used from 1975 to 1990) to the Septi-Check AFB System (Becton-Dickinson; Glencoe, MD; used from 1991 to 1994), to the Mycobacteria Growth Indication Tube (MGIT; Becton-Dickinson; used from 1995 to 1998). MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS We recovered 29 M xenopi isolates from 1975 to 1990, 12 isolates from 1991 to 1994, and 381 isolates from 1995 to 1998. We subsequently identified and reviewed the medical records of all 81 patients who were culture positive for M xenopi from 1975 to 1994 (period 1), and 46 patients who had two or more isolates culture positive for M xenopi from 1995 to 1998 (period 2). For period 1, 75% of the subjects were male, 80% were minority, and at least 43% were HIV positive. Only one patient had clinical M xenopi lung disease during this period. For period 2, 79% of the subjects were male, 83% were minority, and at least 58% were HIV positive; two additional patients were identified who had clinical M xenopi lung disease. CONCLUSIONS The dramatic increase in M xenopi isolates noted in our hospital was due to a more sensitive laboratory isolation technique, rather than a true increase in clinical disease. Other hospitals utilizing MGIT systems for mycobacterial recovery should interpret positive M xenopi cultures with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Donnabella
- Bellevue Chest and Mycobacteriology Services, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
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Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) binds to different human cell lines in vitro. However, the efficiency of adsorption is very low due mainly to a relatively small fraction of the virus being able to bind to these cells. Free low density lipoprotein (LDL > 200 microg/ml) is able to block the attachment of HCV to human fibroblasts in vitro completely. COS-7 cells being primarily not able to bind HCV were transfected with a vector containing the entire coding sequence of the human LDL-receptor (LDLR). HCV was now bound to these cells. We propose that HCV and LDL are competitive for the cellular LDLR and that LDL in sera of patients may regulate the binding of HCV to this target.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Monazahian
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Göttingen, Germany.
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Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) binds to different human cell lines in vitro. However, the efficiency of adsorption is very low due mainly to a relatively small fraction of the virus being able to bind to these cells. Free low density lipoprotein (LDL > 200 microg/ml) is able to block the attachment of HCV to human fibroblasts in vitro completely. COS-7 cells being primarily not able to bind HCV were transfected with a vector containing the entire coding sequence of the human LDL-receptor (LDLR). HCV was now bound to these cells. We propose that HCV and LDL are competitive for the cellular LDLR and that LDL in sera of patients may regulate the binding of HCV to this target.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Monazahian
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Göttingen, Germany.
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Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) binds to different human cell lines in vitro. However, the efficiency of adsorption is very low due mainly to a relatively small fraction of the virus being able to bind to these cells. Free low density lipoprotein (LDL > 200 microg/ml) is able to block the attachment of HCV to human fibroblasts in vitro completely. COS-7 cells being primarily not able to bind HCV were transfected with a vector containing the entire coding sequence of the human LDL-receptor (LDLR). HCV was now bound to these cells. We propose that HCV and LDL are competitive for the cellular LDLR and that LDL in sera of patients may regulate the binding of HCV to this target.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Monazahian
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Göttingen, Germany.
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30
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Abstract
Rifampin is the cornerstone of short-course chemotherapy for the treatment of tuberculosis (TB). Rifampin monoresistance (RMR) is less common than resistance to isoniazid alone or in combination with other antituberculous medications. We conducted a retrospective case-control study to identify risk factors for RMR-TB. Complete records for 21 of a total of 26 RMR patients from 1990 to 1997 were available for review, and were compared with those of 48 patients with drug-susceptible TB, controlling for year of diagnosis. Cases more frequently had a history of TB than did controls (61% versus 22%, p < 0.01), and were more often human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive (81% versus 46%, p = 0.02). With control for HIV status, cases were more likely to have extrapulmonary involvement (47.6% versus 11.6%, p = 0.05). Four cases (19%) and one control (2. 1%) died (p = 0.02) during hospitalization. Cases more often had a history of incarceration (71.4% versus 37.5%, p = 0.09). Among the 13 cases with a history of TB, five had evidence of malabsorption (vomiting and/or diarrhea), versus none of the 11 controls with prior TB. These data support the hypothesis that RMR is seen primarily in individuals with a history of TB and who are HIV positive. Cases were frequently noncompliant with previous treatment for TB, had a history of incarceration, and had poor outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Sandman
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, USA
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31
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Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE To determine if screening by specialists could reduce unnecessary test ordering and reduce costs related to diagnostic workup in patients undergoing evaluation for tuberculosis. DESIGN Prospective evaluation of expert opinion in consecutive patients suspected of having tuberculosis. SETTING A large municipal hospital. PATIENTS Patients for whom sputum acid-fast smears were ordered. INTERVENTION For patients from whom sputum acid-fast bacilli smears and cultures were requested, the chest radiograph and a brief clinical history were presented separately to two pulmonologists with considerable experience in tuberculosis. Each expert reviewed each case independently (and was blinded to the opinion of the other) and indicated if he thought sputum smear examination and culture was, in fact, necessary. Final clinical diagnosis and microbiological information were correlated with the experts' opinion. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Ninety-seven patients had sputum smears ordered and had chest radiographs available for review. The two experts believed that sputum examination (smear and culture) was indicated in only 51.5% and 52.6% of cases, respectively. Interobserver agreement was 84.4%. Ultimately, six cases of active tuberculosis were diagnosed. Each expert detected all proven cases of tuberculosis, although one case occurred in a patient with a poor quality radiograph about which the experts offered no opinion. CONCLUSIONS Screening by experienced clinicians may be effective in reducing unnecessary test ordering and reducing costs related to diagnostic workup in patients evaluated for tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Divinagracia
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and the Bellevue Chest Service, New York University Medical Center and School of Medicine, NY, USA
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32
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Epstein MD, Schluger NW, Davidow AL, Bonk S, Rom WN, Hanna B. Time to detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum culture correlates with outcome in patients receiving treatment for pulmonary tuberculosis. Chest 1998; 113:379-86. [PMID: 9498955 DOI: 10.1378/chest.113.2.379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to determine whether the time to detection (TTD) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum culture correlates with the response to antituberculous treatment in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. STUDY DESIGN Twenty-six consecutive patients were studied who had active pulmonary tuberculosis and sufficient sputum cultures and clinical follow-up to allow adequate assessment. RESULTS Following initiation of antituberculous therapy, 13 patients (group 1, responders) had a complete response to treatment, and the TTD of M tuberculosis using the mycobacterial growth indicator tube increased steadily. The remaining 13 patients (group 2, nonresponders) had persistent evidence of active disease and demonstrated little or no increase in the TTD with treatment unless an additional therapeutic intervention was implemented (surgery, improved compliance with medications, or a change in medications). The presence of HIV infection, intravenous drug use, multidrug resistance, treatment with second-line therapy, extensive radiographic involvement, and cavitary disease were associated with a delayed increase in the TTD. CONCLUSIONS The TTD was superior to clinical, radiographic, or conventional bacteriologic evaluation in determining treatment outcome. The TTD closely correlates with the overall response to treatment for pulmonary tuberculosis and may represent a useful adjunct to predict outcome in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M D Epstein
- Department of Medicine, Bellevue Chest Service, NYU Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA
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33
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Epstein MD, Aranda CP, Bonk S, Hanna B, Rom WN. The significance of Mycobacterium avium complex cultivation in the sputum of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Chest 1997; 111:142-7. [PMID: 8996008 DOI: 10.1378/chest.111.1.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex (MAC) is a ubiquitous environmental microorganism whose pathogenicity ranges from innocuous colonization to disease, in immunocompetent as well as immunocompromised individuals. We sought to determine the clinical significance of MAC in sputum cultures of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). A retrospective analysis between January 1994 and March 1995 at Bellevue Hospital Center revealed both Mycobacterium tuberculosis and MAC in 35 patients (11% of all patients with TB). Of 27 patients reviewed, 52% were HIV-1 infected (median CD4 + 25 cells per microliter). Radiographic manifestations in patients with TB and MAC were similar to those seen in patients with TB alone. Both mycobacteria were cultured primarily from respiratory sources. M tuberculosis was usually cultured first or concurrent with MAC, and in nearly all cases, both species were recovered within 2 months of each other. Most patients improved clinically, bacteriologically, and radiographically with standard antituberculous therapy, except those with advanced AIDS, multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB), or disseminated MAC. We conclude that recovery of MAC in sputum is common in patients with pulmonary TB, regardless of HIV-1 infection, MDR-TB, or other clinical, bacteriologic, or radiographic attributes. MAC cultivation in most of these patients likely represents transient colonization, and in most cases is not clinically significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- M D Epstein
- Department of Medicine, NYU Medical Center, NY 10016, USA
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34
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Leibert E, Schluger NW, Bonk S, Rom WN. Spinal tuberculosis in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection: clinical presentation, therapy and outcome. Tuber Lung Dis 1996; 77:329-34. [PMID: 8796248 DOI: 10.1016/s0962-8479(96)90097-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
SETTING Bellevue Hospital, a large public hospital in New York City. OBJECTIVE To discern the clinical characteristics of spinal tuberculosis (Pott's disease) in patients with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). DESIGN Review of all cases of spinal tuberculosis seen at the hospital from 1988 to 1995, with comparison of HIV-positive and HIV-negative cases. Chart reviews for all cases were performed and information regarding signs and symptoms, neurological findings, laboratory and radiographic data, medical and surgical treatment and eventual outcome were recorded. RESULTS We collected 26 cases of tuberculosis of the spine between July 1988 and June 1995. Seven of our 26 patients (27%) were HIV seropositive. Six of these were PPD+ on presentation. When compared with HIV-negative patients, those with HIV and spinal tuberculosis had similar clinical presentations; most patients had a diagnosis made with percutaneous needle aspiration biopsy of clinically involved areas, and open procedures added little diagnostic information. Most were treated without surgery, and response to antituberculosis therapy was uniformly good. CONCLUSION We conclude that clinical presentations of spinal tuberculosis are similar in HIV-positive and -negative patients, and good outcomes can be expected with regard to mycobacterial disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Leibert
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, New York University Medical Center, NY, USA
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35
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Donnabella V, Martiniuk F, Kinney D, Bacerdo M, Bonk S, Hanna B, Rom WN. Isolation of the gene for the beta subunit of RNA polymerase from rifampicin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis and identification of new mutations. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 1994; 11:639-43. [PMID: 7946393 DOI: 10.1165/ajrcmb.11.6.7946393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the most important infections worldwide, with an estimated incidence of 10 million active cases per year. Rifampicin is a key component of the first-line therapy used in the treatment of tuberculosis. In Escherichia coli and Mycobacterium leprae, rifampicin has been shown to inhibit the beta subunit of RNA polymerase. The gene (rpoB) encoding this enzyme has been described in both species. We report the isolation of the homologous functional rifampicin resistance gene from M. tuberculosis. A library was constructed with 15 to 25 kb BamHI-digested DNA fragments from a rifampicin-resistant M. tuberculosis clinical isolate that was ligated into an E. coli-mycobacterial shuttle plasmid. Southern analysis of BamHI-digested DNA from 200 recombinant plasmids was performed and filters were hybridized to a 411 bp fragment of the beta subunit of RNA polymerase from M. tuberculosis. Only DNA from one plasmid (#86) hybridized, which suggested that the gene is found as a single copy per genome. This plasmid was able to transfer rifampicin resistance to sensitive M. smegmatis and thus codes for a functional genetic unit. Sequence analysis in the expected "hotspot" region in eight rifampicin-resistant M. tuberculosis strains (including one multidrug-resistant strain) revealed two novel mutations as well as others previously described.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Donnabella
- Department of Medicine and Pathology, Bellevue Hospital Center, New York University Medical Center, New York 10016
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36
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Abstract
We recently observed a striking increase in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) among patients admitted to the Chest Service at Bellevue Hospital Center in New York. We reviewed the laboratory susceptibility test results of 4,681 tuberculosis (TB) cases over the past 20 years, Combined resistance to isoniazid and rifampin increased from 2.5 percent in 1971 to 16 percent in 1991 with higher rates noted for individual drugs. We reviewed the medical records of 100 patients with drug-resistant TB, finding that these individuals were predominantly less than 40 years of age, minority, male, jobless, undomiciled, with a high percentage of drug abuse and human immunodeficiency virus infection. We conclude that the epidemics of AIDS and TB are complicated by a third epidemic of MDR-TB. This third epidemic requires urgent attention to achieve more rapid diagnosis, to develop new therapeutic regimens, and to address the social and hospital environment ot care for these individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Neville
- Department of Medicine, Bellevue Hospital Center, New York University Medical Center, New York 10016
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37
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38
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Thomssen R, Bonk S, Thiele A. Density heterogeneities of hepatitis C virus in human sera due to the binding of beta-lipoproteins and immunoglobulins. Med Microbiol Immunol 1993; 182:329-34. [PMID: 8121333 DOI: 10.1007/bf00191948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Heterogeneities in the density of hepatitis C virus RNA-carrying material (HCV-RNA-CM) found in human sera (1.03-1.20 g/cm3) are attributed to the binding of low-density lipoproteins and/or of IgG. In some sera HCV-RNA-CM seems to be nearly totally bound to beta-lipoproteins and cannot be precipitated by anti-IgG (gamma); in others more than 95% of HCV-RNA-CM is bound to IgG and cannot be precipitated by anti-beta-lipoprotein. Furthermore, there are sera from which HCV-RNA-CM can be completely be precipitated by either anti-beta-lipoprotein or anti-IgG (gamma), pointing to a binding of the two serum proteins to the same HCV-RNA-CM. There are other sera from which HCV-RNA-CM can be partially precipitated by the one or the other antiserum, leaving behind fractions, which are bound to beta-lipoprotein or to IgG. HCV-RNA-CM cannot be precipitated from some sera either by anti-beta-lipoprotein or by anti-IgG (gamma).
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Affiliation(s)
- R Thomssen
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Göttingen, Germany
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39
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Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV)-RNA in sera of patients with viral hepatitis C is supposed to be included, at least partially, into HCV particles. We found that the density of HCV-RNA-carrying material was variable, as determined by sucrose gradient density centrifugation (1.03-1.20 g/cm3). In some of the sera examined HCV-RNA was restricted to low densities between 1.03 and 1.08 g/cm3. In other sera additional densities of HCV-RNA were found distributed over the whole gradient with peaks at 1.12 and 1.17 and at 1.19-1.20 g/cm3. HCV-RNA banding at low densities could be completely co-precipitated with anti-beta lipoprotein, whereas HCV-RNA fractions of higher densities were only partially precipitated or not at all. In 8 of 20 sera directly examined, HCV-RNA could be completely and in 9 sera only partially co-precipitated by anti-beta lipoprotein. In 3 sera no significant precipitation could be observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Thomssen
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Göttingen, Federal Republic of Germany
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40
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Krasinski K, LaCouture R, Holzman RS, Waithe E, Bonk S, Hanna B. Screening for respiratory syncytial virus and assignment to a cohort at admission to reduce nosocomial transmission. J Pediatr 1990; 116:894-8. [PMID: 2348292 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-3476(05)80646-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
To limit nosocomial spread of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection, a longitudinal intervention trial was instituted. Nasal secretions or washes were screened for RSV antigen by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and patients were assigned to an RSV-infected or an RSV-uninfected cohort. The baseline (preintervention) rate of 7.17 nosocomial cases of RSV per 1000 patient-days of care was used for comparison. Despite continued infections in the community after screening was initiated, there were no cases of RSV infection in 1880 patient-days of care for 3 months (p = 0.039). During the fourth month, an RSV-infected child was erroneously assigned to the RSV-uninfected cohort, and three nosocomial cases occurred--5.33/1000 patient-days of care (p = 0.286). Overall, there were three nosocomial RSV infections in 2443 patient-days of care in the 1987 season after screening was introduced--1.23/1000 patient-days of care (p = 0.026). In the subsequent RSV season, there was one nosocomial case--0.461/1000 patient-days of care for 3 months (p = 0.0074). During the same period, nosocomial cases of RSV were observed in the pediatric and neonatal intensive care units, where assignment to a cohort was not possible. We conclude that entry into a cohort at the time of admission, on the basis of prospective RSV screening by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, effectively reduces nosocomial transmission of RSV.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Krasinski
- Department of Pediatrics, New York University Medical Center-Bellevue Hospital Center, NY 10016
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McMeeking A, Borkowsky W, Klesius PH, Bonk S, Holzman RS, Lawrence HS. A controlled trial of bovine dialyzable leukocyte extract for cryptosporidiosis in patients with AIDS. J Infect Dis 1990; 161:108-12. [PMID: 2404072 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/161.1.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryptosporidial infection causes severe diarrheal disease in patients with AIDS. Fourteen patients with AIDS and symptomatic cryptosporidiosis were treated with a specific bovine dialyzable leukocyte extract (immune DLE) prepared from lymph node lymphocytes of calves immunized with cryptosporidia or a nonspecific (nonimmune) DLE prepared from nonimmunized calves. Six of 7 patients given immune DLE gained weight and had a decrease in bowel movement frequency, with eradication of oocysts from stool in 5 patients. Six of 7 patients given nonimmune DLE showed no decrease in bowel movement and 4, no clearing of oocytes from stool; 5 continued to lose weight. Subsequently, 5 of these 7 were treated with immune DLE; 4 had a decrease in bowel movement frequency and significant weight gain, with eradication of oocytes from stool in 2 patients. Immune DLE produces sustained symptomatic improvement in patients with AIDS and active cryptosporidiosis, but lack of an appropriate cryptosporidial antigen allows only postulation that an augmentation of cellular immunity to Cryptosporidium parvum induced by immune DLE resulted in the microbiologic and clinical improvement observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A McMeeking
- Department of Medicine, New York University Medical Center, NY 10016
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42
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Louie E, Borkowsky W, Klesius PH, Haynes TB, Gordon S, Bonk S, Lawrence HS. Treatment of cryptosporidiosis with oral bovine transfer factor. Clin Immunol Immunopathol 1987; 44:329-34. [PMID: 3621678 DOI: 10.1016/0090-1229(87)90077-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Cryptosporidia are intestinal protozoans long known to cause diarrhea in humans, especially those with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). When transfer factor prepared from calves which possessed delayed-type hypersensitivity to Eimeria bovis was given to nonimmune calves and mice it conferred protection against clinical infection (coccidiosis). Recent studies with oral bovine transfer factor have shown that it can confer cell-mediated immunity to humans. Based on these findings we decided to treat eight AIDS patients suffering from Cryptosporidium-associated diarrhea with transfer factor prepared from calves immune to Cryptosporidium. Prior to treatment with transfer factor, three patients had been treated with spiramycin, one patient with alpha-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO), and one patient with furazolidone for greater than 1 month without clinical or laboratory improvement. Following administration of transfer factor, five or eight patients exhibited a decrease in the number of bowel movements and the development of formed stools. Cryptosporidium was eradicated from the stools of four patients but two of these patients subsequently relapsed and one patient continued to have diarrhea despite the absence of Cryptosporidium in the stool. One patient has been free of diarrhea and Cryptosporidium for 2 years after discontinuation of transfer factor therapy.
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43
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Stocksmeier U, Bonk S. [Changes in lipoprotein fractions of various densities during weight reduction by means of the nutritional counseling system]. Med Welt 1980; 31:1281-1283. [PMID: 7442526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
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44
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Stocksmeier U, Bonk S, Nickel C, Schroeter M. [Studies on the tolerance of coffee in cardiovascular patients]. Med Welt 1979; 30:976-9. [PMID: 459828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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45
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Nickel C, Bonk S, Stocksmeier U. [Nutritional counseling for myocardial infarct patients. Results of the AKL (Arbeitsgruppe für Kardiologische Langzeitstudien--Workteam for Long-Term Cardiological Research) study from the medical viewpoint--results of the AKL study from a questionnaire action in myocardial infarct patients]. Fortschr Med 1978; 96:289-95. [PMID: 620994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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46
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Bonk S, Hübotter E, Nickel C, Stocksmeier U, Vahey P, Volk I, Ziel H. [Myocardial infarct patients with and without intensive nutrition consultation over several years-- comparison of physiological and social variables]. Infusionsther Klin Ernahr 1975; 2:290-6. [PMID: 1078528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
After three years of experience with change of nutrition in 300 infarction patients of the Höhenried long-term study (150 patients with intensive change of nutrition and 150 patients serving as control group) and 50 randomized study participants from the control group, the following results could be found: 1. In infarction patients, who underwent rehabilitation and follow-up examinations (group with change of nutrition), the increase of the P/S quotient causes no serum cholesterol and serum triglyceride decrease compared with the control group. 2. Alcohol and nicotine consumption cannot be further decreased by intensive nutrition consultation compared with the lasting effect of the comprehensive care. 3. As well, no further weight reduction (no less than the patient obtained during the rehabilitation phase) can be attained in the "nutrition change" and the control group. 4. From the "nutrition change" group more patients took up work again after the infarction compared with the control group, although age and social status are identical in both groups. These results are contradictory to nearly all other studies. We explain this difference by the fact that both groups were under comprehensive care. The care of the patient is a very decisive factor, which is the reason for keeping low the mentioned risk factors.
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47
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Bonk S, Stocksmeier U. [Do correlations exist between coffee drinking and myocardial infarction? (author's transl)]. MMW Munch Med Wochenschr 1974; 116:2013-8. [PMID: 4216806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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48
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Thomssen R, Suhrkamp E, Bonk S. Inability of rubella virus interference to reverse the inhibition of cellular protein synthetis caused by poliovirus. Arch Gesamte Virusforsch 1972; 37:62-70. [PMID: 4336965 DOI: 10.1007/bf01241151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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49
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Bonk S, Niton' A, Kulikovskiĭ E. [Etiology of obliterating endarteritis]. Khirurgiia (Mosk) 1969; 45:109-13. [PMID: 5373191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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