1
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Manisha, Manohar PU. Spin-flip equation-of-motion coupled cluster method with singles, doubles and (full) triples: computational implementation and some pilot applications. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:21204-21212. [PMID: 39073075 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp02265c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
We present our computational implementation of the spin-flip (SF) equation-of-motion (EOM) coupled-cluster (CC) method with singles, doubles, and (full) triples (SDT) within Q-CHEM. The inclusion of triples not only enhances the quantitative accuracy of the SF-EOM-CCSD method but also provides correct qualitative trends in the energy gaps between strongly degenerate states. To assess the accuracy, we compare our SF-EOM-CCSDT results with full configuration interaction (FCI) and complete-active-space self-consistent field second-order (CASSCF-SO) CI benchmarks to study the adiabatic energy gaps in CH2 and NH2+ diradicals, vertical excitation energies in CH radicals and the bond dissociation of the HF molecule. We have implemented SF-EOM-CCSDT using both the conventional double precision (DP) and the single precision (SP) algorithms. The use of SP does not introduce any significant errors in energies and energy gaps, and, due to low cost (relative to DP), turns out to be a promising approach to widen the applicability of EOM-CCSDT to bigger molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisha
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology & Science-Pilani, Pilani, Rajasthan 333031, India.
| | - Prashant Uday Manohar
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology & Science-Pilani, Pilani, Rajasthan 333031, India.
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2
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Ferreras KN, Gordon MS. A Merger of the Spin-Flip ORMAS Approach and the MC-PDFT Method. J Chem Theory Comput 2024; 20:5487-5496. [PMID: 38916956 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.4c00322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
The SF-ORMAS-PDFT (spin-flip occupation restricted multiple active space-pair density functional theory) approach combines the SF-ORMAS-CI method with the MC-PDFT method to treat both static and dynamic correlation in multiconfigurational systems. The static correlation description is generated via the spin-flip approach, which uses a high-spin single reference determinant to treat excited states with multiconfigurational characters. The on-top pair density functional theory uses a translation scheme applied to GGA density functionals. The SF-ORMAS-PDFT scheme has also been combined with virtual valence orbitals (VVO), a well-defined subspace of the virtual molecular orbitals, giving rise to significant speedups relative to the use of the full virtual space. The accuracy of the SF-ORMAS-PDFT method is tested by calculating 65 vertical excitation energies of 12 small- and medium-sized organic molecules. The SF-ORMAS-PDFT vertical excitation energies calculated with VVOs are comparable to those calculated with the full virtual space. The SF-ORMAS-PDFT/6-31G(d) level of theory predicts the rotational barrier of ethylene to be 65.5 and 65.9 kcal/mol, with full virtual space and VVOs, respectively. These predicted barrier heights compare well with the experimental value of 65 kcal/mol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine N Ferreras
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University and Ames National Laboratory, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Mark S Gordon
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University and Ames National Laboratory, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
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3
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Pokhilko P, Zgid D. Natural orbitals and two-particle correlators as tools for the analysis of effective exchange couplings in solids. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:21267-21279. [PMID: 37548912 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp01975f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Using generalizations of spin-averaged natural orbitals and two-particle charge correlators for solids, we investigate the electronic structure of antiferromagnetic transition-metal oxides with a fully self-consistent, imaginary-time GW method. Our findings disagree with the Goodenough-Kanamori (GK) rules that are commonly used for the qualitative interpretation of such solids. First, we found a strong dependence of the natural orbital occupancies on momenta, contradicting GK assumptions. Second, along the momentum path, the character of natural orbitals changes. In particular, the contributions of oxygen 2s orbitals are important, which has not been considered in the GK rules. To analyze the influence of the electronic correlation on the values of effective exchange coupling constants, we use both natural orbitals and two-particle correlators and show that electronic screening modulates the degree of superexchange by stabilizing the charge-transfer contributions, which greatly affects these coupling constants. Finally, we give a set of predictions and recommendations regarding the use of density functional, Green's function, and wave-function methods for evaluating effective magnetic couplings in molecules and solids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Pokhilko
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.
| | - Dominika Zgid
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
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4
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Monino E, Boggio-Pasqua M, Scemama A, Jacquemin D, Loos PF. Reference Energies for Cyclobutadiene: Automerization and Excited States. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:4664-4679. [PMID: 35820169 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c02480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Cyclobutadiene is a well-known playground for theoretical chemists and is particularly suitable to test ground- and excited-state methods. Indeed, due to its high spatial symmetry, especially at the D4h square geometry but also in the D2h rectangular arrangement, the ground and excited states of cyclobutadiene exhibit multiconfigurational characters and single-reference methods, such as standard adiabatic time-dependent density-functional theory (TD-DFT) or standard equation-of-motion coupled cluster (EOM-CC), are notoriously known to struggle in such situations. In this work, using a large panel of methods and basis sets, we provide an extensive computational study of the automerization barrier (defined as the difference between the square and rectangular ground-state energies) and the vertical excitation energies at D2h and D4h equilibrium structures. In particular, selected configuration interaction (SCI), multireference perturbation theory (CASSCF, CASPT2, and NEVPT2), and coupled-cluster (CCSD, CC3, CCSDT, CC4, and CCSDTQ) calculations are performed. The spin-flip formalism, which is known to provide a qualitatively correct description of these diradical states, is also tested within TD-DFT (combined with numerous exchange-correlation functionals) and the algebraic diagrammatic construction [ADC(2)-s, ADC(2)-x, and ADC(3)]. A theoretical best estimate is defined for the automerization barrier and for each vertical transition energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enzo Monino
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques (UMR 5626), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Martial Boggio-Pasqua
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques (UMR 5626), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Anthony Scemama
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques (UMR 5626), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Denis Jacquemin
- Nantes Université, CNRS, CEISAM UMR 6230, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Pierre-François Loos
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques (UMR 5626), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 31062 Toulouse, France
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5
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Matsika S. Electronic Structure Methods for the Description of Nonadiabatic Effects and Conical Intersections. Chem Rev 2021; 121:9407-9449. [PMID: 34156838 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nonadiabatic effects are ubiquitous in photophysics and photochemistry, and therefore, many theoretical developments have been made to properly describe them. Conical intersections are central in nonadiabatic processes, as they promote efficient and ultrafast nonadiabatic transitions between electronic states. A proper theoretical description requires developments in electronic structure and specifically in methods that describe conical intersections between states and nonadiabatic coupling terms. This review focuses on the electronic structure aspects of nonadiabatic processes. We discuss the requirements of electronic structure methods to describe conical intersections and nonadiabatic couplings, how the most common excited state methods perform in describing these effects, and what the recent developments are in expanding the methodology and implementing nonadiabatic couplings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spiridoula Matsika
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
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6
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Casanova D. Restricted active space configuration interaction methods for strong correlation: Recent developments. WIRES COMPUTATIONAL MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/wcms.1561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- David Casanova
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC) Donostia Spain
- Ikerbasque Basque Foundation for Science Bilbao Spain
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7
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Monino E, Loos PF. Spin-Conserved and Spin-Flip Optical Excitations from the Bethe-Salpeter Equation Formalism. J Chem Theory Comput 2021; 17:2852-2867. [PMID: 33724811 PMCID: PMC8154368 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.1c00074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Like adiabatic time-dependent
density-functional theory (TD-DFT),
the Bethe–Salpeter equation (BSE) formalism of many-body perturbation
theory, in its static approximation, is “blind” to double
(and higher) excitations, which are ubiquitous, for example, in conjugated
molecules like polyenes. Here, we apply the spin-flip ansatz (which considers the lowest triplet state as the reference configuration
instead of the singlet ground state) to the BSE formalism in order
to access, in particular, double excitations. The present scheme is
based on a spin-unrestricted version of the GW approximation
employed to compute the charged excitations and screened Coulomb potential
required for the BSE calculations. Dynamical corrections to the static
BSE optical excitations are taken into account via an unrestricted
generalization of our recently developed (renormalized) perturbative
treatment. The performance of the present spin-flip BSE formalism
is illustrated by computing excited-state energies of the beryllium
atom, the hydrogen molecule at various bond lengths, and cyclobutadiene
in its rectangular and square-planar geometries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enzo Monino
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques (UMR 5626), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Pierre-François Loos
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques (UMR 5626), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France
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8
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Rodríguez-Jiménez JA, Carreras A, Casanova D. Short-range DFT energy correction to multiconfigurational wave functions for open-shell systems. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:124116. [PMID: 33810663 DOI: 10.1063/5.0046404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Electronic structure methods emerging from the combination of multiconfigurational wave functions and density functional theory (DFT) aim to take advantage of the strengths of the two nearly antagonistic theories. One of the common strategies employed to merge wave function theory (WFT) with DFT relies on the range separation of the Coulomb operator in which DFT functionals take care of the short-distance part, while long-range inter-electronic interactions are evaluated by using the chosen wave function method (WFT-srDFT). In this work, we uncover the limitations of WFT-srDFT in the characterization of open-shell systems. We show that spin polarization effects have a major impact on the (short-range) DFT exchange energy and are of vital importance in order to provide a balanced description between closed and open-shell configurations. We introduce different strategies to account for spin polarization in the short range based on the definition of a spin polarized electron density and with the use of short-range exact exchange. We test the performance of these approaches in the dissociation of the hydrogen molecule, the calculation of energy gaps in spin-triplet atoms and molecular diradicals, and the characterization of low-lying states of the gallium dimer. Our results indicate that the use of short-range DFT correlation in combination with a (full-range) multiconfigurational wave function might be an excellent approach for the study of open-shell molecules and largely improves the performance of WFT and WFT-srDFT.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Abel Carreras
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), 20080 Donostia, Euskadi, Spain
| | - David Casanova
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), 20080 Donostia, Euskadi, Spain
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9
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Rask AE, Zimmerman PM. Toward Full Configuration Interaction for Transition-Metal Complexes. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:1598-1609. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c07624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alan E. Rask
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930N. University Avenue, Ann Arbor 48109, Michigan, United States
| | - Paul M. Zimmerman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930N. University Avenue, Ann Arbor 48109, Michigan, United States
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10
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Shizu K, Adachi C, Kaji H. Correlated Triplet Pair Formation Activated by Geometry Relaxation in Directly Linked Tetracene Dimer (5,5'-Bitetracene). ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:2638-2643. [PMID: 33553881 PMCID: PMC7859935 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c04809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Singlet fission (SF) materials have the potential to overcome the traditional external quantum efficiency limits of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). In this study, we theoretically designed an intramolecular SF molecule, 5,5'-bitetracene (55BT), in which two tetracene units were directly connected through a C-C bond. Using quantum chemical calculation and the Fermi golden rule, we show that 55BT undergoes efficient SF induced by geometry relaxation in a locally excited singlet state, 1(S0S1). Compared with another high-performing SF system, the tetracene dimer in the crystalline state, 55BT has advantages when used in doped systems owing to covalent bonding of the two tetracene units. This feature makes 55BT a promising candidate triplet sensitizer for near-infrared OLEDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuyuki Shizu
- Institute
for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto]611-0011, Japan
| | - Chihaya Adachi
- Center
for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- International
Institute for Carbon Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Japan
Science and Technology Agency (JST), ERATO, Adachi Molecular Exciton
Engineering Project, 744 Motooka, Nishi, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Hironori Kaji
- Institute
for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto]611-0011, Japan
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11
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Schurkus HF, Chan GKL, Chen DT, Cheng HP, Stanton JF. Theoretical prediction of magnetic exchange coupling constants from broken-symmetry coupled cluster calculations. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:234115. [PMID: 32571049 DOI: 10.1063/1.5144696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Exchange coupling constants (J) are fundamental to the understanding of spin spectra of magnetic systems. Here, we investigate the broken-symmetry (BS) approaches of Noodleman and Yamaguchi in conjunction with coupled cluster (CC) methods to obtain exchange couplings. J values calculated from CC in this fashion converge smoothly toward the full configuration interaction result with increasing level of CC excitation. We compare this BS-CC scheme to the complementary equation-of-motion CC approach on a selection of bridged molecular cases and give results from a few other methodologies for context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry F Schurkus
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Garnet Kin-Lic Chan
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Dian-Teng Chen
- Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - Hai-Ping Cheng
- Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - John F Stanton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
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12
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Barca GMJ, Bertoni C, Carrington L, Datta D, De Silva N, Deustua JE, Fedorov DG, Gour JR, Gunina AO, Guidez E, Harville T, Irle S, Ivanic J, Kowalski K, Leang SS, Li H, Li W, Lutz JJ, Magoulas I, Mato J, Mironov V, Nakata H, Pham BQ, Piecuch P, Poole D, Pruitt SR, Rendell AP, Roskop LB, Ruedenberg K, Sattasathuchana T, Schmidt MW, Shen J, Slipchenko L, Sosonkina M, Sundriyal V, Tiwari A, Galvez Vallejo JL, Westheimer B, Włoch M, Xu P, Zahariev F, Gordon MS. Recent developments in the general atomic and molecular electronic structure system. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:154102. [PMID: 32321259 DOI: 10.1063/5.0005188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 506] [Impact Index Per Article: 126.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A discussion of many of the recently implemented features of GAMESS (General Atomic and Molecular Electronic Structure System) and LibCChem (the C++ CPU/GPU library associated with GAMESS) is presented. These features include fragmentation methods such as the fragment molecular orbital, effective fragment potential and effective fragment molecular orbital methods, hybrid MPI/OpenMP approaches to Hartree-Fock, and resolution of the identity second order perturbation theory. Many new coupled cluster theory methods have been implemented in GAMESS, as have multiple levels of density functional/tight binding theory. The role of accelerators, especially graphical processing units, is discussed in the context of the new features of LibCChem, as it is the associated problem of power consumption as the power of computers increases dramatically. The process by which a complex program suite such as GAMESS is maintained and developed is considered. Future developments are briefly summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe M J Barca
- Research School of Computer Science, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Colleen Bertoni
- Argonne Leadership Computing Facility, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Laura Carrington
- EP Analytics, 12121 Scripps Summit Dr. Ste. 130, San Diego, California 92131, USA
| | - Dipayan Datta
- Department of Chemistry and Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - Nuwan De Silva
- Department of Physical and Biological Sciences, Western New England University, Springfield, Massachusetts 01119, USA
| | - J Emiliano Deustua
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - Dmitri G Fedorov
- Research Center for Computational Design of Advanced Functional Materials (CD-FMat), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Umezono 1-1-1, Tsukuba 305-8568, Japan
| | - Jeffrey R Gour
- Microsoft, 15590 NE 31st St., Redmond, Washington 98052, USA
| | - Anastasia O Gunina
- Department of Chemistry and Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - Emilie Guidez
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, Colorado 80217, USA
| | - Taylor Harville
- Department of Chemistry and Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - Stephan Irle
- Computational Science and Engineering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, USA
| | - Joe Ivanic
- Advanced Biomedical Computational Science, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland 21702, USA
| | - Karol Kowalski
- Physical Sciences Division, Battelle, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, K8-91, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
| | - Sarom S Leang
- EP Analytics, 12121 Scripps Summit Dr. Ste. 130, San Diego, California 92131, USA
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, USA
| | - Wei Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Jesse J Lutz
- Center for Computing Research, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA
| | - Ilias Magoulas
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - Joani Mato
- Department of Chemistry and Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - Vladimir Mironov
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1/3, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Hiroya Nakata
- Kyocera Corporation, Research Institute for Advanced Materials and Devices, 3-5-3 Hikaridai Seika-cho, Souraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0237, Japan
| | - Buu Q Pham
- Department of Chemistry and Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - Piotr Piecuch
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - David Poole
- Department of Chemistry and Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - Spencer R Pruitt
- Department of Chemistry and Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - Alistair P Rendell
- Research School of Computer Science, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Luke B Roskop
- Cray Inc., a Hewlett Packard Enterprise Company, 2131 Lindau Ln #1000, Bloomington, Minnesota 55425, USA
| | - Klaus Ruedenberg
- Department of Chemistry and Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | | | - Michael W Schmidt
- Department of Chemistry and Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - Jun Shen
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - Lyudmila Slipchenko
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Masha Sosonkina
- Department of Computational Modeling and Simulation Engineering, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - Vaibhav Sundriyal
- Department of Computational Modeling and Simulation Engineering, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - Ananta Tiwari
- EP Analytics, 12121 Scripps Summit Dr. Ste. 130, San Diego, California 92131, USA
| | - Jorge L Galvez Vallejo
- Department of Chemistry and Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - Bryce Westheimer
- Department of Chemistry and Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - Marta Włoch
- 530 Charlesina Dr., Rochester, Michigan 48306, USA
| | - Peng Xu
- Department of Chemistry and Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - Federico Zahariev
- Department of Chemistry and Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - Mark S Gordon
- Department of Chemistry and Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
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13
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Pokhilko P, Krylov AI. Effective Hamiltonians derived from equation-of-motion coupled-cluster wave functions: Theory and application to the Hubbard and Heisenberg Hamiltonians. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:094108. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5143318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Pokhilko
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0482, USA
| | - Anna I. Krylov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0482, USA
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14
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Pokhilko P, Izmodenov D, Krylov AI. Extension of frozen natural orbital approximation to open-shell references: Theory, implementation, and application to single-molecule magnets. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:034105. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5138643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Pokhilko
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0482, USA
| | - Daniil Izmodenov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0482, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Anna I. Krylov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0482, USA
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15
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Abstract
This Perspective discusses salient features of the spin-flip approach to strong correlation and describes different methods that sprung from this idea. The spin-flip treatment exploits the different physics of low-spin and high-spin states and is based on the observation that correlation is small for same-spin electrons. By using a well-behaved high-spin state as a reference, one can access problematic low-spin states by deploying the same formal tools as in the excited-state treatments (i.e., linear response, propagator, or equation-of-motion theories). The Perspective reviews applications of this strategy within wave function and density functional theory frameworks as well as the extensions for molecular properties and spectroscopy. The utility of spin-flip methods is illustrated by examples. Limitations and proposed future directions are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Casanova
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), 20018 Donostia, Euskadi, Spain. and IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Euskadi, Spain
| | - Anna I Krylov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
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16
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Manna S, Ray SS, Chattopadhyay S, Chaudhuri RK. A simplified account of the correlation effects to bond breaking processes: The Brillouin-Wigner perturbation theory using a multireference formulation. J Chem Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5097657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shovan Manna
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah 711103, India
| | - Suvonil Sinha Ray
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700009, India
| | - Sudip Chattopadhyay
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah 711103, India
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17
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Pal AK, Bhattacharyya K, Datta A. Remote Functionalization through Symmetric or Asymmetric Substitutions Control the Pathway of Intermolecular Singlet Fission. J Chem Theory Comput 2019; 15:5014-5023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.9b00419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Arun K. Pal
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, WB India
| | - Kalishankar Bhattacharyya
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, WB India
| | - Ayan Datta
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, WB India
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18
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Pokhilko P, Epifanovsky E, Krylov AI. General framework for calculating spin-orbit couplings using spinless one-particle density matrices: Theory and application to the equation-of-motion coupled-cluster wave functions. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:034106. [PMID: 31325926 DOI: 10.1063/1.5108762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Standard implementations of nonrelativistic excited-state calculations compute only one component of spin multiplets (i.e., Ms = 0 triplets); however, matrix elements for all components are necessary for deriving spin-dependent experimental observables. Wigner-Eckart's theorem allows one to circumvent explicit calculations of all multiplet components. We generate all other spin-orbit matrix elements by applying Wigner-Eckart's theorem to a reduced one-particle transition density matrix computed for a single multiplet component. In addition to computational efficiency, this approach also resolves the phase issue arising within Born-Oppenheimer's separation of nuclear and electronic degrees of freedom. A general formalism and its application to the calculation of spin-orbit couplings using equation-of-motion coupled-cluster wave functions are presented. The two-electron contributions are included via the mean-field spin-orbit treatment. Intrinsic issues of constructing spin-orbit mean-field operators for open-shell references are discussed, and a resolution is proposed. The method is benchmarked by using several radicals and diradicals. The merits of the approach are illustrated by a calculation of the barrier for spin inversion in a high-spin tris(pyrrolylmethyl)amine Fe(II) complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Pokhilko
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0482, USA
| | - Evgeny Epifanovsky
- Q-Chem, Inc., 6601 Owens Drive, Suite 105, Pleasanton, California 94588, USA
| | - Anna I Krylov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0482, USA and Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
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19
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Ranasinghe DS, Margraf JT, Perera A, Bartlett RJ. Vertical valence ionization potential benchmarks from equation-of-motion coupled cluster theory and QTP functionals. J Chem Phys 2019; 150:074108. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5084728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Duminda S. Ranasinghe
- Quantum Theory Project, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Johannes T. Margraf
- Quantum Theory Project, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
- Chair for Theoretical Chemistry, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Ajith Perera
- Quantum Theory Project, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - Rodney J. Bartlett
- Quantum Theory Project, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
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20
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Chattopadhyay S. The effect of substituents on energy splitting in organic radicals: Quantitative cognizance from ab initio studies. Chem Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2018.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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21
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Lischka H, Nachtigallová D, Aquino AJA, Szalay PG, Plasser F, Machado FBC, Barbatti M. Multireference Approaches for Excited States of Molecules. Chem Rev 2018; 118:7293-7361. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hans Lischka
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P.R. China
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 17, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Dana Nachtigallová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry v.v.i., The Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacký University, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Adélia J. A. Aquino
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P.R. China
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
- Institute for Soil Research, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Peter-Jordan-Strasse 82, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Péter G. Szalay
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Felix Plasser
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 17, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, United Kingdom
| | - Francisco B. C. Machado
- Departamento de Química, Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica, São José dos Campos 12228-900, São Paulo, Brazil
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22
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Filatov M, Martínez TJ, Kim KS. Description of ground and excited electronic states by ensemble density functional method with extended active space. J Chem Phys 2018; 147:064104. [PMID: 28810777 DOI: 10.1063/1.4996873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
An extended variant of the spin-restricted ensemble-referenced Kohn-Sham (REKS) method, the REKS(4,4) method, designed to describe the ground electronic states of strongly multireference systems is modified to enable calculation of excited states within the time-independent variational formalism. The new method, the state-interaction state-averaged REKS(4,4), i.e., SI-SA-REKS(4,4), is capable of describing several excited states of a molecule involving double bond cleavage, polyradical character, or multiple chromophoric units. We demonstrate that the new method correctly describes the ground and the lowest singlet excited states of a molecule (ethylene) undergoing double bond cleavage. The applicability of the new method for excitonic states is illustrated with π stacked ethylene and tetracene dimers. We conclude that the new method can describe a wide range of multireference phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Filatov
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, South Korea
| | - Todd J Martínez
- Department of Chemistry and The PULSE Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Kwang S Kim
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, South Korea
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23
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Crespo-Otero R, Barbatti M. Recent Advances and Perspectives on Nonadiabatic Mixed Quantum–Classical Dynamics. Chem Rev 2018; 118:7026-7068. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 301] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Crespo-Otero
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
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24
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Mato J, Gordon MS. A general spin-complete spin-flip configuration interaction method. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:2615-2626. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp06837a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new spin-complete spin-flip configuration interaction (SF-CI) method was developed using the ORMAS-CI algorithm, along with a perturbative correction for capturing dynamic and non-dynamic correlation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joani Mato
- Department of Chemistry
- Iowa State University
- Ames
- USA
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25
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Abraham V, Mayhall NJ. Simple Rule To Predict Boundedness of Multiexciton States in Covalently Linked Singlet-Fission Dimers. J Phys Chem Lett 2017; 8:5472-5478. [PMID: 29061043 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.7b02476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Because of the potential for increasing solar cell efficiencies, significant effort has been spent understanding the mechanism of singlet fission. We provide a simple connectivity rule to predict whether the through-bond coupling will be stabilizing or destabilizing for the 1(TT) state in covalently linked singlet-fission chromophores. By drawing an analogy between the chemical system and a simple spin-lattice, one is able to determine the ordering of the multiexciton spin state via a generalized usage of Ovchinnikov's rule. This allows one to predict (without any computation) whether the 1(TT) multiexciton state will be bound or unbound with respect to the separated triplets in covalently linked singlet-fission dimers. To test our hypothesis, we have performed ab initio calculations on a systematic series of covalently linked singlet-fission dimers. Numerical examples are given, and the limitations of the proposed theory are explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vibin Abraham
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech , Blacksburg, Virginia 24060, United States
| | - Nicholas J Mayhall
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech , Blacksburg, Virginia 24060, United States
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26
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Grofe A, Chen X, Liu W, Gao J. Spin-Multiplet Components and Energy Splittings by Multistate Density Functional Theory. J Phys Chem Lett 2017; 8:4838-4845. [PMID: 28914545 PMCID: PMC5792056 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.7b02202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Kohn-Sham density functional theory has been tremendously successful in chemistry and physics. Yet, it is unable to describe the energy degeneracy of spin-multiplet components with any approximate functional. This work features two contributions. (1) We present a multistate density functional theory (MSDFT) to represent spin-multiplet components and to determine multiplet energies. MSDFT is a hybrid approach, taking advantage of both wave function theory and density functional theory. Thus, the wave functions, electron densities and energy density-functionals for ground and excited states and for different components are treated on the same footing. The method is illustrated on valence excitations of atoms and molecules. (2) Importantly, a key result is that for cases in which the high-spin components can be determined separately by Kohn-Sham density functional theory, the transition density functional in MSDFT (which describes electronic coupling) can be defined rigorously. The numerical results may be explored to design and optimize transition density functionals for configuration coupling in multiconfigurational DFT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Grofe
- Theoretical Chemistry Institute, Jilin University , Changchun, Jilin Province 130023, People's Republic of China
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Xin Chen
- Theoretical Chemistry Institute, Jilin University , Changchun, Jilin Province 130023, People's Republic of China
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Wenjian Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences and College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiali Gao
- Theoretical Chemistry Institute, Jilin University , Changchun, Jilin Province 130023, People's Republic of China
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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27
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A comparative study on seniority-based MO and VB calculations of the singlet and triplet energy gaps of open-shell molecules. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2017.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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28
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Nanda KD, Krylov AI. Effect of the diradical character on static polarizabilities and two-photon absorption cross sections: A closer look with spin-flip equation-of-motion coupled-cluster singles and doubles method. J Chem Phys 2017; 146:224103. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4984822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kaushik D. Nanda
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0482, USA
| | - Anna I. Krylov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0482, USA
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29
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Tsuneda T, Singh RK, Nakata A. On low-lying excited states of extended nanographenes. J Comput Chem 2017; 38:2020-2029. [DOI: 10.1002/jcc.24846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2017] [Revised: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Takao Tsuneda
- Fuel Cell Nanomaterials Center, University of Yamanashi; Kofu 400-0021 Japan
| | - Raman K. Singh
- Fuel Cell Nanomaterials Center, University of Yamanashi; Kofu 400-0021 Japan
| | - Ayako Nakata
- First-principles Simulation Group; Nano-Theory Field, International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS); Tsukuba 305-0044 Japan
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30
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Krylov AI. The Quantum Chemistry of Open-Shell Species. REVIEWS IN COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/9781119356059.ch4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna I. Krylov
- Department of Chemistry; University of Southern California; Los Angeles CA United States
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31
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Chien AD, Zimmerman PM. Recovering dynamic correlation in spin flip configuration interaction through a difference dedicated approach. J Chem Phys 2017; 146:014103. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4973245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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32
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Sinha Ray S, Ghosh A, Shit A, Chaudhuri RK, Chattopadhyay S. A simplified ab initio treatment of diradicaloid structures produced from stretching and breaking chemical bonds. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:22282-22301. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp03564k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
With a proper choice of active spaces, the single root perturbation theory employing improved virtual orbitals can flawlessly describe the ground, excited, ionized, and dissociated states having varying degrees of degeneracy at the expense of low computational cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suvonil Sinha Ray
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology
- Howrah 711103
- India
| | - Anirban Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology
- Howrah 711103
- India
| | | | | | - Sudip Chattopadhyay
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology
- Howrah 711103
- India
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33
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Filatov M, Liu F, Kim KS, Martínez TJ. Self-consistent implementation of ensemble density functional theory method for multiple strongly correlated electron pairs. J Chem Phys 2016; 145:244104. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4972174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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34
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Feng X, Krylov AI. On couplings and excimers: lessons from studies of singlet fission in covalently linked tetracene dimers. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:7751-61. [PMID: 26910414 DOI: 10.1039/c6cp00177g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Electronic factors controlling singlet fission (SF) rates are investigated in covalently linked dimers of tetracene. Using covalent linkers, relative orientation of the individual chromophores can be controlled, maximizing the rates of SF. Structures with coplanar and staggered arrangements of tetracene moieties are considered. The electronic structure calculations and three-state kinetic model for SF rates provide explanations for experimentally observed low SF yields in coplanar dimers and efficient SF in staggered dimers. The calculations illuminate the role of the excimer formation in SF process. The structural relaxation in the S1 state leads to the increased rate of the multi-exciton (ME) state formation, but impedes the second step, separation of the ME state into independent triplets. The slower second step reduces SF yield by allowing other processes, such as radiationless relaxation, to compete with triplet generation. The calculations of electronic couplings also suggest an increased rate of radiationless relaxation at the excimer geometries. Thus, the excimer serves as a trap of the ME state. The effect of covalent linkers on the electronic factors and SF rates is investigated. In all considered structures, the presence of the linker leads to larger couplings, however, the effect on the overall rate is less straightforward, since the linkers generally result in less favorable energetics. This complex behavior once again illustrates the importance of integrative approaches that evaluate the overall rate, rather than focusing on specific electronic factors such as energies or couplings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xintian Feng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0482, USA.
| | - Anna I Krylov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0482, USA.
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35
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Lefrancois D, Rehn DR, Dreuw A. Accurate adiabatic singlet-triplet gaps in atoms and molecules employing the third-order spin-flip algebraic diagrammatic construction scheme for the polarization propagator. J Chem Phys 2016; 145:084102. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4961298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Lefrancois
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Ruprecht-Karls University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 205, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dirk R. Rehn
- Departments of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Andreas Dreuw
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Ruprecht-Karls University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 205, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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36
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Mayhall NJ. From Model Hamiltonians to ab Initio Hamiltonians and Back Again: Using Single Excitation Quantum Chemistry Methods To Find Multiexciton States in Singlet Fission Materials. J Chem Theory Comput 2016; 12:4263-73. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.6b00545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J. Mayhall
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24060, United States
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37
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Musiał M, Lupa Ł, Kucharski SA. Equation-of-motion coupled cluster method for the description of the high spin excited states. J Chem Phys 2016; 144:154105. [PMID: 27389207 DOI: 10.1063/1.4946031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The equation-of-motion (EOM) coupled cluster (CC) approach in the version applicable for the excitation energy(EE) calculations has been formulated for high spin components. The EE-EOM-CC scheme based on the restricted Hartree-Fock reference and standard amplitude equations as used in the Davidson diagonalization procedure yields the singlet states. The triplet and higher spin components require separate amplitude equations. In the case of quintets, the relevant equations are much simpler and easier to solve. Out of 26 diagrammatic terms contributing to the R1 and R2 singlet equations in the case of quintets, only R2 operator survives with 5 diagrammatic terms present. In addition all terms engaging three body elements of the similarity transformed Hamiltonian disappear. This indicates a substantial simplification of the theory. The implemented method has been applied to the pilot study of the excited states of the C2 molecule and quintet states of C and Si atoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Musiał
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, Szkolna 9, 40-006 Katowice, Poland
| | - Łukasz Lupa
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, Szkolna 9, 40-006 Katowice, Poland
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38
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de Wergifosse M, Champagne B, Ito S, Fukuda K, Nakano M. Challenging compounds for calculating molecular second hyperpolarizabilities: the triplet state of the trimethylenemethane diradical and two derivatives. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:6420-9. [PMID: 26679401 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp06547j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The second hyperpolarizability γ of trimethylenemethane (TMM) and two 1,3-dipole derivatives (NXA and OXA) in their triplet ground state has been evaluated at the UCCSD(T) level with the d-aug-cc-pVDZ extended basis set, highlighting that γ decreases from TMM to NXA and OXA, following the opposite order of their permanent dipole moments. These results are then used to benchmark a broad range of levels of approximation. So, the UMP2, UMP4, and UCCSD methods can be used to characterize γ of TMM and NXA but not of OXA. In that case, the large field-induced charge transfer contribution is difficult to handle using the MPn methods and only the UCCSD method provides values close to the UCCSD(T) reference. Turning to the performance of DFT with typical exchange-correlation functionals, the UM06-2X functional, which contains 54% of HF exchange, performs very well with a maximum of 4.5% of difference with respect to the reference values. On the other hand, employing less HF exchange leads to an overestimation of the responses whereas range-separated hybrids generally underestimate the second hyperpolarizabilities. Finally, the use of spin-projected methods for these 1,3-dipole triplet molecules has a little impact since the spin contamination is almost negligible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc de Wergifosse
- University of Namur, Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry, Rue de Bruxelles 61, 5000 Namur, Belgium.
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39
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Casanova D, Krylov AI. Quantifying local exciton, charge resonance, and multiexciton character in correlated wave functions of multichromophoric systems. J Chem Phys 2016; 144:014102. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4939222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- David Casanova
- Kimika Fakultatea, Euskal Herriko Unibersitatea (UPV/EHU) and Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), P.K. 1072, 20018 Donostia, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Anna I. Krylov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0482, USA
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40
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Korovina NV, Das S, Nett Z, Feng X, Joy J, Haiges R, Krylov AI, Bradforth SE, Thompson ME. Singlet Fission in a Covalently Linked Cofacial Alkynyltetracene Dimer. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:617-27. [PMID: 26693957 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b10550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Singlet fission is a process in which a singlet exciton converts into two triplet excitons. To investigate this phenomenon, we synthesized two covalently linked 5-ethynyl-tetracene (ET) dimers with differing degrees of intertetracene overlap: BET-X, with large, cofacial overlap of tetracene π-orbitals, and BET-B, with twisted arrangement between tetracenes exhibits less overlap between the tetracene π-orbitals. The two compounds were crystallographically characterized and studied by absorption and emission spectroscopy in solution, in PMMA and neat thin films. The results show that singlet fission occurs within 1 ps in an amorphous thin film of BET-B with high efficiency (triplet yield: 154%). In solution and the PMMA matrix the S1 of BET-B relaxes to a correlated triplet pair (1)(T1T1) on a time scale of 2 ps, which decays to the ground state without forming separated triplets, suggesting that triplet energy transfer from (1)(T1T1) to a nearby chromophore is essential for producing free triplets. In support of this hypothesis, selective excitation of BET-B doped into a thin film of diphenyltetracene (DPT) leads to formation of the (1)(T1T1) state of BET-B, followed by generation of both DPT and BET-B triplets. For the structurally cofacial BET-X, an intermediate forms in <180 fs and returns to the ground state more rapidly than BET-B. First-principles calculations predict a 2 orders of magnitude faster rate of singlet fission to the (1)(T1T1) state in BET-B relative to that of crystalline tetracene, attributing the rate increase to greater coupling between the S1 and (1)(T1T1) states and favorable energetics for formation of the separated triplets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadezhda V Korovina
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Saptaparna Das
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Zachary Nett
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Xintian Feng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Jimmy Joy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Ralf Haiges
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Anna I Krylov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Stephen E Bradforth
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Mark E Thompson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
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41
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Tsuchimochi T. Spin-flip configuration interaction singles with exact spin-projection: Theory and applications to strongly correlated systems. J Chem Phys 2015; 143:144114. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4933113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Tsuchimochi
- Department of Computational Science, Graduate School of System Informatics, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
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42
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Lefrancois D, Wormit M, Dreuw A. Adapting algebraic diagrammatic construction schemes for the polarization propagator to problems with multi-reference electronic ground states exploiting the spin-flip ansatz. J Chem Phys 2015; 143:124107. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4931653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Lefrancois
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Ruprecht-Karls University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 368, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Wormit
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Ruprecht-Karls University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 368, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Dreuw
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Ruprecht-Karls University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 368, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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43
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Luzanov AV, Casanova D, Feng X, Krylov AI. Quantifying charge resonance and multiexciton character in coupled chromophores by charge and spin cumulant analysis. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:224104. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4921635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anatoliy V. Luzanov
- STC “Institute for Single Crystals,” National Academy of Sciences, Kharkov 61001, Ukraine
| | - David Casanova
- Kimika Fakultatea, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU) and Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), P.K. 1072, 20080 Donostia, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Euskadi, Spain
| | - Xintian Feng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0482, USA
| | - Anna I. Krylov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0482, USA
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44
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Mayhall NJ, Head-Gordon M. Computational Quantum Chemistry for Multiple-Site Heisenberg Spin Couplings Made Simple: Still Only One Spin-Flip Required. J Phys Chem Lett 2015; 6:1982-1988. [PMID: 26263278 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.5b00733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We provide a simple procedure for using inexpensive ab initio calculations to compute exchange coupling constants, J(AB), for multiradical molecules containing both an arbitrary number of radical sites and an arbitrary number of unpaired electrons. For a system comprised of 2M unpaired electrons, one needs only to compute states having the Ŝ(z) quantum number M - 1. Conveniently, these are precisely the states that are accessed by the family of single spin-flip methods. Building an effective Hamiltonian with these states allows one to extract all of the J(AB) constants in the molecule. Unlike approaches based on density functional theory, this procedure relies on neither spin-contaminated states nor nonunique spin-projection formulas. A key benefit is that it is possible to obtain completely spin-pure exchange coupling constants with inexpensive ab initio calculations. A couple of examples are provided to illustrate the approach, including a 4-nickel cubane complex and a 6-chromium horseshoe complex with 18 entangled electrons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J Mayhall
- †Kenneth S. Pitzer Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Martin Head-Gordon
- †Kenneth S. Pitzer Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- ‡Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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45
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Ibeji CU, Ghosh D. Singlet–triplet gaps in polyacenes: a delicate balance between dynamic and static correlations investigated by spin–flip methods. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:9849-56. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp00214a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we use various spin–flip methods to benchmark the singlet triplet (ST) gaps of small polyacenes and show that the error in the ST gaps with respect to the experiment is small and does not increase appreciably with the system size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Collins U. Ibeji
- Physical and Materials Chemistry Division
- CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory
- Pune 411008
- India
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Debashree Ghosh
- Physical and Materials Chemistry Division
- CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory
- Pune 411008
- India
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46
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Ambrosio
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Scientific Computing, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Alessandro Troisi
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Scientific Computing, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
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47
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Mayhall NJ, Head-Gordon M. Computational quantum chemistry for single Heisenberg spin couplings made simple: Just one spin flip required. J Chem Phys 2014; 141:134111. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4896659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J. Mayhall
- Kenneth S. Pitzer Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Martin Head-Gordon
- Kenneth S. Pitzer Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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48
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Shao Y, Gan Z, Epifanovsky E, Gilbert AT, Wormit M, Kussmann J, Lange AW, Behn A, Deng J, Feng X, Ghosh D, Goldey M, Horn PR, Jacobson LD, Kaliman I, Khaliullin RZ, Kuś T, Landau A, Liu J, Proynov EI, Rhee YM, Richard RM, Rohrdanz MA, Steele RP, Sundstrom EJ, Woodcock HL, Zimmerman PM, Zuev D, Albrecht B, Alguire E, Austin B, Beran GJO, Bernard YA, Berquist E, Brandhorst K, Bravaya KB, Brown ST, Casanova D, Chang CM, Chen Y, Chien SH, Closser KD, Crittenden DL, Diedenhofen M, DiStasio RA, Do H, Dutoi AD, Edgar RG, Fatehi S, Fusti-Molnar L, Ghysels A, Golubeva-Zadorozhnaya A, Gomes J, Hanson-Heine MW, Harbach PH, Hauser AW, Hohenstein EG, Holden ZC, Jagau TC, Ji H, Kaduk B, Khistyaev K, Kim J, Kim J, King RA, Klunzinger P, Kosenkov D, Kowalczyk T, Krauter CM, Lao KU, Laurent AD, Lawler KV, Levchenko SV, Lin CY, Liu F, Livshits E, Lochan RC, Luenser A, Manohar P, Manzer SF, Mao SP, Mardirossian N, Marenich AV, Maurer SA, Mayhall NJ, Neuscamman E, Oana CM, Olivares-Amaya R, O’Neill DP, Parkhill JA, Perrine TM, Peverati R, Prociuk A, Rehn DR, Rosta E, Russ NJ, Sharada SM, Sharma S, Small DW, Sodt A, Stein T, Stück D, Su YC, Thom AJ, Tsuchimochi T, Vanovschi V, Vogt L, Vydrov O, Wang T, Watson MA, Wenzel J, White A, Williams CF, Yang J, Yeganeh S, Yost SR, You ZQ, Zhang IY, Zhang X, Zhao Y, Brooks BR, Chan GK, Chipman DM, Cramer CJ, Goddard WA, Gordon MS, Hehre WJ, Klamt A, Schaefer HF, Schmidt MW, Sherrill CD, Truhlar DG, Warshel A, Xu X, Aspuru-Guzik A, Baer R, Bell AT, Besley NA, Chai JD, Dreuw A, Dunietz BD, Furlani TR, Gwaltney SR, Hsu CP, Jung Y, Kong J, Lambrecht DS, Liang W, Ochsenfeld C, Rassolov VA, Slipchenko LV, Subotnik JE, Van Voorhis T, Herbert JM, Krylov AI, Gill PM, Head-Gordon M. Advances in molecular quantum chemistry contained in the Q-Chem 4 program package. Mol Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2014.952696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1769] [Impact Index Per Article: 176.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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49
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Matsika S, Feng X, Luzanov AV, Krylov AI. What We Can Learn from the Norms of One-Particle Density Matrices, and What We Can’t: Some Results for Interstate Properties in Model Singlet Fission Systems. J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:11943-55. [DOI: 10.1021/jp506090g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Spiridoula Matsika
- Department
of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| | - Xintian Feng
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0482, United States
| | - Anatoliy V. Luzanov
- STC
“Institute for Single Crystals”, National Academy of Sciences, Kharkov 61001, Ukraine
| | - Anna I. Krylov
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0482, United States
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50
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Casanova D. How much tetraradical character is present in the Si₆Ge₉ cluster? J Comput Chem 2014; 35:944-9. [PMID: 24590505 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.23580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2013] [Revised: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 02/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
This study discusses in detail the supposedly tetraradicaloid nature of a spirobis(pentagerma[1.1.1]propellane) derivative recently reported by Ito et al. (J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2013, 135, 6770). The electronic structure properties of the Si6Ge9 cluster are computationally explored by means of the composition of the ground state wavefunction, excitation energies to low-lying singlet, triplet and quintet states, and magnetic couplings between radical centers. Two main conclusions can be extracted from the obtained results regarding the radical character of spriobis(pentagerma[1.1.1]propellane): (i) the ground state of the Si6Ge9 cluster presents a rather small amount of effective unpaired electrons, which might be related to its chemical stability and (ii) there is in fact a perceptible tetraradical character within the small overall radical nature of the molecule. The proposed description do not contradict the conclusions drawn by the introductory work of Ito et al., but it provides a more detailed and precise interpretation of radical character of the molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Casanova
- Faculty of Chemistry, Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), P.K. 1072, 20080 Donostia, Spain, and IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48011, Bilbao, Spain
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