1
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Schilz JD, Bodenstein E, Brack FE, Horst F, Irman A, Kroll F, Pawelke J, Prencipe I, Rehwald M, Reimold M, Schöbel S, Schramm U, Zeil K, Metzkes-Ng J. Absolute energy-dependent scintillating screen calibration for real-time detection of laser-accelerated proton bunches. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2024; 95:073303. [PMID: 39058268 DOI: 10.1063/5.0206931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Laser-plasma accelerators (LPAs) can deliver pico- to nanosecond long proton bunches with ≳100 nC of charge dispersed over a broad energy spectrum. Increasing the repetition rates of today's LPAs is a necessity for their practical application. This, however, creates a need for real-time proton bunch diagnostics. Scintillating screens are one detector solution commonly applied in the field of electron LPAs for spatially resolved particle and radiation detection. Yet their establishment for LPA proton detection is only slowly taking off, also due to the lack of available calibrations. In this paper, we present an absolute proton number calibration for the scintillating screen type DRZ High (Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation, Düsseldorf, Germany), one of the most sensitive screens according to calibrations for relativistic electrons and x rays. The presented absolute light yield calibration shows an uncertainty of the proton number of 10% and can seamlessly be applied at other LPA facilities. For proton irradiation of the DRZ High screen, we find an increase in light yield of >60% compared to reference calibration data for relativistic electrons. Moreover, we investigate the scintillating screen light yield dependence on proton energy since many types of scintillators (e.g., plastic, liquid, and inorganic) show a reduced light yield for increased local energy deposition densities, an effect termed ionization quenching. The ionization quenching can reduce the light yield for low-energy protons by up to ∼20%. This work provides all necessary data for absolute spectral measurements of LPA protons with DRZ High scintillating screens, e.g., when used in the commonly applied Thomson parabola spectrometers.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Schilz
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, 01328 Dresden, Germany
- OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
| | - E Bodenstein
- OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
| | - F-E Brack
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - F Horst
- OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
| | - A Irman
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - F Kroll
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - J Pawelke
- OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
| | - I Prencipe
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - M Rehwald
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - M Reimold
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - S Schöbel
- TUD Dresden University of Technology, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - U Schramm
- TUD Dresden University of Technology, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - K Zeil
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - J Metzkes-Ng
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, 01328 Dresden, Germany
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2
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Gatu Johnson M. Charged particle diagnostics for inertial confinement fusion and high-energy-density physics experiments. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2023; 94:021104. [PMID: 36859013 DOI: 10.1063/5.0127438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
MeV-range ions generated in inertial confinement fusion (ICF) and high-energy-density physics experiments carry a wealth of information, including fusion reaction yield, rate, and spatial emission profile; implosion areal density; electron temperature and mix; and electric and magnetic fields. Here, the principles of how this information is obtained from data and the charged particle diagnostic suite currently available at the major US ICF facilities for making the measurements are reviewed. Time-integrating instruments using image plate, radiochromic film, and/or CR-39 detectors in different configurations for ion counting, spectroscopy, or emission profile measurements are described, along with time-resolving detectors using chemical vapor deposited diamonds coupled to oscilloscopes or scintillators coupled to streak cameras for measuring the timing of ion emission. A brief description of charged-particle radiography setups for probing subject plasma experiments is also given. The goal of the paper is to provide the reader with a broad overview of available capabilities, with reference to resources where more detailed information can be found.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Gatu Johnson
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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3
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Reimold M, Assenbaum S, Bernert C, Beyreuther E, Brack FE, Karsch L, Kraft SD, Kroll F, Loeser M, Nossula A, Pawelke J, Püschel T, Schlenvoigt HP, Schramm U, Umlandt MEP, Zeil K, Ziegler T, Metzkes-Ng J. Time-of-flight spectroscopy for laser-driven proton beam monitoring. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21488. [PMID: 36509788 PMCID: PMC9744900 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25120-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Application experiments with laser plasma-based accelerators (LPA) for protons have to cope with the inherent fluctuations of the proton source. This creates a demand for non-destructive and online spectral characterization of the proton pulses, which are for application experiments mostly spectrally filtered and transported by a beamline. Here, we present a scintillator-based time-of-flight (ToF) beam monitoring system (BMS) for the recording of single-pulse proton energy spectra. The setup's capabilities are showcased by characterizing the spectral stability for the transport of LPA protons for two beamline application cases. For the two beamline settings monitored, data of 122 and 144 proton pulses collected over multiple days were evaluated, respectively. A relative energy uncertainty of 5.5% (1[Formula: see text]) is reached for the ToF BMS, allowing for a Monte-Carlo based prediction of depth dose distributions, also used for the calibration of the device. Finally, online spectral monitoring combined with the prediction of the corresponding depth dose distribution in the irradiated samples is demonstrated to enhance applicability of plasma sources in dose-critical scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marvin Reimold
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden, Rossendorf, 01328, Dresden, Germany.
- Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Stefan Assenbaum
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden, Rossendorf, 01328, Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Constantin Bernert
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden, Rossendorf, 01328, Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Elke Beyreuther
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden, Rossendorf, 01328, Dresden, Germany
- OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, 01309, Dresden, Germany
| | - Florian-Emanuel Brack
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden, Rossendorf, 01328, Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Leonhard Karsch
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden, Rossendorf, 01328, Dresden, Germany
- OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, 01309, Dresden, Germany
| | - Stephan D Kraft
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden, Rossendorf, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Florian Kroll
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden, Rossendorf, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Markus Loeser
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden, Rossendorf, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Alexej Nossula
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden, Rossendorf, 01328, Dresden, Germany
- Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, 06120, Halle, Germany
| | - Jörg Pawelke
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden, Rossendorf, 01328, Dresden, Germany
- OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, 01309, Dresden, Germany
| | - Thomas Püschel
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden, Rossendorf, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Ulrich Schramm
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden, Rossendorf, 01328, Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Marvin E P Umlandt
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden, Rossendorf, 01328, Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Karl Zeil
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden, Rossendorf, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Tim Ziegler
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden, Rossendorf, 01328, Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
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4
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Martin P, Ahmed H, Doria D, Alejo A, Clarke R, Ferguson S, Fernández-Tobias J, Freeman RR, Fuchs J, Green A, Green JS, Gwynne D, Hanton F, Jarrett J, Jung D, Kakolee KF, Krygier AG, Lewis CLS, McIlvenny A, McKenna P, Morrison JT, Najmudin Z, Naughton K, Nersisyan G, Norreys P, Notley M, Roth M, Ruiz JA, Scullion C, Zepf M, Zhai S, Borghesi M, Kar S. Absolute calibration of Fujifilm BAS-TR image plate response to laser driven protons up to 40 MeV. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2022; 93:053303. [PMID: 35649771 DOI: 10.1063/5.0089402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Image plates (IPs) are a popular detector in the field of laser driven ion acceleration, owing to their high dynamic range and reusability. An absolute calibration of these detectors to laser-driven protons in the routinely produced tens of MeV energy range is, therefore, essential. In this paper, the response of Fujifilm BAS-TR IPs to 1-40 MeV protons is calibrated by employing the detectors in high resolution Thomson parabola spectrometers in conjunction with a CR-39 nuclear track detector to determine absolute proton numbers. While CR-39 was placed in front of the image plate for lower energy protons, it was placed behind the image plate for energies above 10 MeV using suitable metal filters sandwiched between the image plate and CR-39 to select specific energies. The measured response agrees well with previously reported calibrations as well as standard models of IP response, providing, for the first time, an absolute calibration over a large range of proton energies of relevance to current experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Martin
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - H Ahmed
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - D Doria
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - A Alejo
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - R Clarke
- Central Laser Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - S Ferguson
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - J Fernández-Tobias
- Central Laser Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - R R Freeman
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - J Fuchs
- LULI - CNRS, CEA, UPMC Univ Paris 06 : Sorbonne Université, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris - F-91128 Palaiseau cedex, France
| | - A Green
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - J S Green
- Central Laser Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - D Gwynne
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - F Hanton
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - J Jarrett
- Department of Physics, SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G4 0NG, United Kingdom
| | - D Jung
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - K F Kakolee
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - A G Krygier
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - C L S Lewis
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - A McIlvenny
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - P McKenna
- Department of Physics, SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G4 0NG, United Kingdom
| | - J T Morrison
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA
| | - Z Najmudin
- Blackett Laboratory, Department of Physics, Imperial College, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - K Naughton
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - G Nersisyan
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - P Norreys
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - M Notley
- Central Laser Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - M Roth
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schloßgartenstrasse 9, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - J A Ruiz
- Instituto de Fusion Nuclear, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - C Scullion
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - M Zepf
- Helmholtz Institut Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - S Zhai
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - M Borghesi
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - S Kar
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
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5
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Discriminative detection of laser-accelerated multi-MeV carbon ions utilizing solid state nuclear track detectors. Sci Rep 2021; 11:16283. [PMID: 34381072 PMCID: PMC8358032 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92300-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A new diagnosis method for the discriminative detection of laser-accelerated multi-MeV carbon ions from background oxygen ions utilizing solid-state nuclear track detectors (SSNTDs) is proposed. The idea is to combine two kinds of SSNTDs having different track registration sensitivities: Bisphenol A polycarbonate detects carbon and the heavier ions, and polyethylene terephthalate detects oxygen and the heavier ions. The method is calibrated with mono-energetic carbon and oxygen ion beams from the heavy ion accelerator. Based on the calibration data, the method is applied to identify carbon ions accelerated from multilayered graphene targets irradiated by a high-power laser, where the generation of high-energy high-purity carbon ions is expected. It is found that 93 ± 1% of the accelerated heavy ions with energies larger than 14 MeV are carbons. The results thus obtained support that carbon-rich heavy ion acceleration is achieved.
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6
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Monte Carlo Study of Imaging Plate Response to Laser-Driven Aluminum Ion Beams. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11020820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
We measured the response of BAS-TR imaging plate (IP) to energetic aluminum ions up to 222 MeV, and compared it with predictions from a Monte Carlo simulation code using two different IP response models. Energetic aluminum ions were produced with an intense laser pulse, and the response was evaluated from cross-calibration between CR-39 track detector and IP energy spectrometer. For the first time, we obtained the response function of the BAS-TR IP for aluminum ions with a kinetic energy as high as 222 MeV. On close examination of the two IP response models, we confirm that the exponential model fits our experimental data better. Moreover, we find that the IP sensitivity in the exponential model is nearly constant in this energy range, suggesting that the response function can be determined even with little experimental data.
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7
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Ren J, Deng Z, Qi W, Chen B, Ma B, Wang X, Yin S, Feng J, Liu W, Xu Z, Hoffmann DHH, Wang S, Fan Q, Cui B, He S, Cao Z, Zhao Z, Cao L, Gu Y, Zhu S, Cheng R, Zhou X, Xiao G, Zhao H, Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Li Y, Wu D, Zhou W, Zhao Y. Observation of a high degree of stopping for laser-accelerated intense proton beams in dense ionized matter. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5157. [PMID: 33057005 PMCID: PMC7560615 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18986-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Intense particle beams generated from the interaction of ultrahigh intensity lasers with sample foils provide options in radiography, high-yield neutron sources, high-energy-density-matter generation, and ion fast ignition. An accurate understanding of beam transportation behavior in dense matter is crucial for all these applications. Here we report the experimental evidence on one order of magnitude enhancement of intense laser-accelerated proton beam stopping in dense ionized matter, in comparison with the current-widely used models describing individual ion stopping in matter. Supported by particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations, we attribute the enhancement to the strong decelerating electric field approaching 1 GV/m that can be created by the beam-driven return current. This collective effect plays the dominant role in the stopping of laser-accelerated intense proton beams in dense ionized matter. This finding is essential for the optimum design of ion driven fast ignition and inertial confinement fusion. A detailed understanding of particle stopping in matter is essential for nuclear fusion and high energy density science. Here, the authors report one order of magnitude enhancement of intense laser-accelerated proton beam stopping in dense ionized matter in comparison with currently used models describing ion stopping in matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieru Ren
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Zhigang Deng
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Laser Fusion Research Center, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, 621900, China
| | - Wei Qi
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Laser Fusion Research Center, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, 621900, China
| | - Benzheng Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China.,Institute for Fusion Theory and Simulation, Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Bubo Ma
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Xing Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Shuai Yin
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Jianhua Feng
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Wei Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China.,Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Zhongfeng Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Dieter H H Hoffmann
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Shaoyi Wang
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Laser Fusion Research Center, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, 621900, China
| | - Quanping Fan
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Laser Fusion Research Center, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, 621900, China
| | - Bo Cui
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Laser Fusion Research Center, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, 621900, China
| | - Shukai He
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Laser Fusion Research Center, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, 621900, China
| | - Zhurong Cao
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Laser Fusion Research Center, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, 621900, China
| | - Zongqing Zhao
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Laser Fusion Research Center, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, 621900, China
| | - Leifeng Cao
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Laser Fusion Research Center, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, 621900, China
| | - Yuqiu Gu
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Laser Fusion Research Center, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, 621900, China
| | - Shaoping Zhu
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Laser Fusion Research Center, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, 621900, China.,Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing, 100094, China.,Graduate School, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Beijing, 100088, China
| | - Rui Cheng
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 710049, China
| | - Xianming Zhou
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China.,Xianyang Normal University, Xianyang, 712000, China
| | - Guoqing Xiao
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 710049, China
| | - Hongwei Zhao
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 710049, China
| | - Yihang Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yutong Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Dong Wu
- Institute for Fusion Theory and Simulation, Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Weimin Zhou
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Laser Fusion Research Center, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, 621900, China.
| | - Yongtao Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China.
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8
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Versolato OO. Physics of laser-driven tin plasma sources of EUV radiation for nanolithography. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1088/1361-6595/ab3302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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9
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Ducret JE, Batani D, Boutoux G, Chancé A, Gastineau B, Guillard JC, Harrault F, Jakubowska K, Lantuejoul-Thfoin I, Leboeuf D, Loiseau D, Lotode A, Pès C, Rabhi N, Saïd A, Semsoum A, Serani L, Thomas B, Toussaint JC, Vauzour B. Calibration of the low-energy channel Thomson parabola of the LMJ-PETAL diagnostic SEPAGE with protons and carbon ions. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2018; 89:023304. [PMID: 29495838 DOI: 10.1063/1.5009737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The SEPAGE diagnostic will detect charged particles (electrons, protons, and ions) accelerated in the interaction of the PETAL (PETawatt Aquitaine Laser) laser with its targets on the LMJ (Laser MegaJoule)-PETAL laser facility. SEPAGE will be equipped with a proton-radiography front detector and two Thomson parabolas (TP), corresponding to different ranges of the particle energy spectra: Above 0.1 MeV for electrons and protons in the low-energy channel, with a separation capability between protons and 12C6+ up to 20 MeV proton energy and above 8 MeV for the high-energy channel, with a separation capability between protons and 12C6+ up to 200 MeV proton kinetic energy. This paper presents the calibration of the SEPAGE's low-energy channel TP at the Tandem facility of Orsay (France) with proton beams between 3 and 22 MeV and carbon-ion beams from 5.8 to 84 MeV. The magnetic and electric fields' integrals were determined with an accuracy of 10-3 by combining the deflections measured at different energies with different target thicknesses and materials, providing different in-target energy losses of the beam particles and hence different detected energies for given beam energies.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-E Ducret
- CELIA (Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications), Université Bordeaux, CNRS, CEA, UMR 5107, F-33405 Talence, France
| | - D Batani
- CELIA (Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications), Université Bordeaux, CNRS, CEA, UMR 5107, F-33405 Talence, France
| | - G Boutoux
- CELIA (Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications), Université Bordeaux, CNRS, CEA, UMR 5107, F-33405 Talence, France
| | - A Chancé
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - B Gastineau
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - J-C Guillard
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - F Harrault
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - K Jakubowska
- CELIA (Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications), Université Bordeaux, CNRS, CEA, UMR 5107, F-33405 Talence, France
| | | | - D Leboeuf
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - D Loiseau
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - A Lotode
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - C Pès
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - N Rabhi
- CELIA (Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications), Université Bordeaux, CNRS, CEA, UMR 5107, F-33405 Talence, France
| | - A Saïd
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay, 15 rue Georges Clémenceau, F-91405 Orsay cedex, France
| | - A Semsoum
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay, 15 rue Georges Clémenceau, F-91405 Orsay cedex, France
| | - L Serani
- Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan, Université de Bordeaux, UMR 5797 CNRS/IN2P3, Gradignan 33175, France
| | - B Thomas
- Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan, Université de Bordeaux, UMR 5797 CNRS/IN2P3, Gradignan 33175, France
| | - J-C Toussaint
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - B Vauzour
- CEA DAM DIF, F-91297 Arpajon, France
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10
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Komar D, Meiwes-Broer KH, Tiggesbäumker J. High performance charge-state resolving ion energy analyzer optimized for intense laser studies on low-density cluster targets. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2016; 87:103110. [PMID: 27802717 DOI: 10.1063/1.4964474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We report on a versatile ion analyzer which is capable to resolve ion charge states and energies with a resolution of E/ΔE = 100 at 75 keV/nucleon. Charge states are identified by their characteristic deflection in a magnetic field, whereas the ion energies are independently determined by a time-of-flight measurement. To monitor the signals a delay-line detector is used which records ion impact positions and times in each laser shot. Compared to conventional Thomson parabola spectrometers our instrument provides a low background measurement, hence a superior dynamic range. Further features are an improved energy resolution and a significantly increased transmission. We demonstrate the performance by showing charge-state resolved ion energy spectra from the Coulomb explosion of a low-density target, i.e., silver clusters exposed to intense femtosecond laser pulses.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Komar
- Institut für Physik, Universität Rostock, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - K-H Meiwes-Broer
- Institut für Physik, Universität Rostock, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - J Tiggesbäumker
- Institut für Physik, Universität Rostock, 18059 Rostock, Germany
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11
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Yang S, Yuan X, Fang Y, Ge X, Deng Y, Wei W, Gao J, Fu F, Jiang T, Liao G, Liu F, Chen M, Li Y, Zhao L, Ma Y, Sheng Z, Zhang J. A two-dimensional angular-resolved proton spectrometer. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2016; 87:103301. [PMID: 27802724 DOI: 10.1063/1.4963706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We present a novel design of two-dimensional (2D) angular-resolved spectrometer for full beam characterization of ultrashort intense laser driven proton sources. A rotated 2D pinhole array was employed, as selective entrance before a pair of parallel permanent magnets, to sample the full proton beam into discrete beamlets. The proton beamlets are subsequently dispersed without overlapping onto a planar detector. Representative experimental result of protons generated from femtosecond intense laser interaction with thin foil target is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Yang
- Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (Ministry of Education) and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xiaohui Yuan
- Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (Ministry of Education) and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yuan Fang
- Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (Ministry of Education) and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xulei Ge
- Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (Ministry of Education) and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yanqing Deng
- Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (Ministry of Education) and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Wenqing Wei
- Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (Ministry of Education) and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jian Gao
- Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (Ministry of Education) and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Feichao Fu
- Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (Ministry of Education) and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (Ministry of Education) and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Guoqian Liao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (Ministry of Education) and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Min Chen
- Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (Ministry of Education) and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yutong Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA (CICIFSA), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Li Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yanyun Ma
- Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA (CICIFSA), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zhengming Sheng
- Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (Ministry of Education) and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (Ministry of Education) and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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12
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Metzkes J, Zeil K, Kraft SD, Karsch L, Sobiella M, Rehwald M, Obst L, Schlenvoigt HP, Schramm U. An online, energy-resolving beam profile detector for laser-driven proton beams. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2016; 87:083310. [PMID: 27587116 DOI: 10.1063/1.4961576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, a scintillator-based online beam profile detector for the characterization of laser-driven proton beams is presented. Using a pixelated matrix with varying absorber thicknesses, the proton beam is spatially resolved in two dimensions and simultaneously energy-resolved. A thin plastic scintillator placed behind the absorber and read out by a CCD camera is used as the active detector material. The spatial detector resolution reaches down to ∼4 mm and the detector can resolve proton beam profiles for up to 9 proton threshold energies. With these detector design parameters, the spatial characteristics of the proton distribution and its cut-off energy can be analyzed online and on-shot under vacuum conditions. The paper discusses the detector design, its characterization and calibration at a conventional proton source, as well as the first detector application at a laser-driven proton source.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Metzkes
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Bautzner Landstr. 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - K Zeil
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Bautzner Landstr. 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - S D Kraft
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Bautzner Landstr. 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - L Karsch
- OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - M Sobiella
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Bautzner Landstr. 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - M Rehwald
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Bautzner Landstr. 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - L Obst
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Bautzner Landstr. 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - H-P Schlenvoigt
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Bautzner Landstr. 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - U Schramm
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Bautzner Landstr. 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
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13
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Altana C, Lanzalone G, Mascali D, Muoio A, Cirrone GAP, Schillaci F, Tudisco S. Ion acceleration with a narrow energy spectrum by nanosecond laser-irradiation of solid target. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2016; 87:02A914. [PMID: 26931975 DOI: 10.1063/1.4936091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In laser-driven plasma, ion acceleration of aluminum with the production of a quasi-monoenergetic beam has occurred. A useful device to analyze the ions is the Thomson parabolas spectrometer, a well-known diagnostic that is able to obtain information on charge-to-mass ratio and energy distribution of the charged particles. At the LENS (Laser Energy for Nuclear Science) laboratory of INFN-LNS in Catania, experimental measures were carried out; the features of LENS are: Q-switched Nd:YAG laser with 2 J laser energy, 1064 nm fundamental wavelengths, and 6 ns pulse duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Altana
- Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Via S. Sofia 62, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - G Lanzalone
- Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Via S. Sofia 62, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - D Mascali
- Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Via S. Sofia 62, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - A Muoio
- Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Via S. Sofia 62, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - G A P Cirrone
- Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Via S. Sofia 62, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - F Schillaci
- Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Via S. Sofia 62, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - S Tudisco
- Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Via S. Sofia 62, 95123 Catania, Italy
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14
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Tudisco S, Altana C, Lanzalone G, Muoio A, Cirrone GAP, Mascali D, Schillaci F, Brandi F, Cristoforetti G, Ferrara P, Fulgentini L, Koester P, Labate L, Palla D, Gizzi LA. Investigation on target normal sheath acceleration through measurements of ions energy distribution. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2016; 87:02A909. [PMID: 26931970 DOI: 10.1063/1.4934691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
An experimental campaign aiming at investigating the ion acceleration mechanisms through laser-matter interaction in femtosecond domain has been carried out at the Intense Laser Irradiation Laboratory facility with a laser intensity of up to 2 × 10(19) W/cm(2). A Thomson parabola spectrometer was used to obtain the spectra of the ions of the different species accelerated. Here, we show the energy spectra of light-ions and we discuss their dependence on structural characteristics of the target and the role of surface and target bulk in the acceleration process.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Tudisco
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, Via S. Sofia 62, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - C Altana
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, Via S. Sofia 62, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - G Lanzalone
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, Via S. Sofia 62, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - A Muoio
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, Via S. Sofia 62, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - G A P Cirrone
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, Via S. Sofia 62, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - D Mascali
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, Via S. Sofia 62, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - F Schillaci
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, Via S. Sofia 62, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - F Brandi
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto Nazionale di Ottica, Intense Laser Irradiation Laboratory, Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - G Cristoforetti
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto Nazionale di Ottica, Intense Laser Irradiation Laboratory, Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - P Ferrara
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto Nazionale di Ottica, Intense Laser Irradiation Laboratory, Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - L Fulgentini
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto Nazionale di Ottica, Intense Laser Irradiation Laboratory, Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - P Koester
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto Nazionale di Ottica, Intense Laser Irradiation Laboratory, Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - L Labate
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto Nazionale di Ottica, Intense Laser Irradiation Laboratory, Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - D Palla
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto Nazionale di Ottica, Intense Laser Irradiation Laboratory, Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - L A Gizzi
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto Nazionale di Ottica, Intense Laser Irradiation Laboratory, Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
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15
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Palaniyappan S, Huang C, Gautier DC, Hamilton CE, Santiago MA, Kreuzer C, Sefkow AB, Shah RC, Fernández JC. Efficient quasi-monoenergetic ion beams from laser-driven relativistic plasmas. Nat Commun 2015; 6:10170. [PMID: 26657147 PMCID: PMC4682178 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms10170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Table-top laser-plasma ion accelerators have many exciting applications, many of which require ion beams with simultaneous narrow energy spread and high conversion efficiency. However, achieving these requirements has been elusive. Here we report the experimental demonstration of laser-driven ion beams with narrow energy spread and energies up to 18 MeV per nucleon and ∼5% conversion efficiency (that is 4 J out of 80-J laser). Using computer simulations we identify a self-organizing scheme that reduces the ion energy spread after the laser exits the plasma through persisting self-generated plasma electric (∼10(12) V m(-1)) and magnetic (∼10(4) T) fields. These results contribute to the development of next generation compact accelerators suitable for many applications such as isochoric heating for ion-fast ignition and producing warm dense matter for basic science.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chengkun Huang
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - Donald C Gautier
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | | | | | | | - Adam B Sefkow
- Sandia National Laboratory, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA
| | - Rahul C Shah
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - Juan C Fernández
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
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16
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Jung D, Senje L, McCormack O, Yin L, Albright BJ, Letzring S, Gautier DC, Dromey B, Toncian T, Fernandez JC, Zepf M, Hegelich BM. On the analysis of inhomogeneous magnetic field spectrometer for laser-driven ion acceleration. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2015; 86:033303. [PMID: 25832219 DOI: 10.1063/1.4914845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We present a detailed study of the use of a non-parallel, inhomogeneous magnetic field spectrometer for the investigation of laser-accelerated ion beams. Employing a wedged yoke design, we demonstrate the feasibility of an in-situ self-calibration technique of the non-uniform magnetic field and show that high-precision measurements of ion energies are possible in a wide-angle configuration. We also discuss the implications of a stacked detector system for unambiguous identification of different ion species present in the ion beam and explore the feasibility of detection of high energy particles beyond 100 MeV/amu in radiation harsh environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Jung
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - L Senje
- Lund University, P.O. Box 118, S-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - O McCormack
- Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - L Yin
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - B J Albright
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - S Letzring
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - D C Gautier
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - B Dromey
- Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - T Toncian
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - J C Fernandez
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - M Zepf
- Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
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17
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Schillaci F, Anzalone A, Cirrone GAP, Carpinelli M, Cuttone G, Cutroneo M, De Martinis C, Giove D, Korn G, Maggiore M, Manti L, Margarone D, Musumarra A, Perozziello FM, Petrovic I, Pisciotta P, Renis M, Ristic-Fira A, Romano F, Romano FP, Schettino G, Scuderi V, Torrisi L, Tramontana A, Tudisco S. ELIMED, MEDical and multidisciplinary applications at ELI-Beamlines. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/508/1/012010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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18
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Gwynne D, Kar S, Doria D, Ahmed H, Cerchez M, Fernandez J, Gray RJ, Green JS, Hanton F, MacLellan DA, McKenna P, Najmudin Z, Neely D, Ruiz JA, Schiavi A, Streeter M, Swantusch M, Willi O, Zepf M, Borghesi M. Modified Thomson spectrometer design for high energy, multi-species ion sources. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2014; 85:033304. [PMID: 24689572 DOI: 10.1063/1.4866021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A modification to the standard Thomson parabola spectrometer is discussed, which is designed to measure high energy (tens of MeV/nucleon), broad bandwidth spectra of multi-species ions accelerated by intense laser plasma interactions. It is proposed to implement a pair of extended, trapezoidal shaped electric plates, which will not only resolve ion traces at high energies, but will also retain the lower energy part of the spectrum. While a longer (along the axis of the undeflected ion beam direction) electric plate design provides effective charge state separation at the high energy end of the spectrum, the proposed new trapezoidal shape will enable the low energy ions to reach the detector, which would have been clipped or blocked by simply extending the rectangular plates to enhance the electrostatic deflection.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Gwynne
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - S Kar
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - D Doria
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - H Ahmed
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - M Cerchez
- Institut für Laser-und Plasmaphysik, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - J Fernandez
- Instituto de Fusión Nuclear UPM, Jose Gutierrez Abascal 2, E28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - R J Gray
- Department of Physics, SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0NG, United Kingdom
| | - J S Green
- Central Laser Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - F Hanton
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - D A MacLellan
- Department of Physics, SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0NG, United Kingdom
| | - P McKenna
- Department of Physics, SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0NG, United Kingdom
| | - Z Najmudin
- Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - D Neely
- Central Laser Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - J A Ruiz
- Instituto de Fusión Nuclear UPM, Jose Gutierrez Abascal 2, E28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - A Schiavi
- Dipartimento SBAI, Università di Roma "La Sapienza," 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - M Streeter
- Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - M Swantusch
- Institut für Laser-und Plasmaphysik, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - O Willi
- Institut für Laser-und Plasmaphysik, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - M Zepf
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - M Borghesi
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
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19
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Sakaki H, Kanasaki M, Fukuda Y, Nishiuchi M, Hori T, Yogo A, Jinno S, Niita K. Development of a single-shot-imaging thin film for an online Thomson parabola spectrometer. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2013; 84:013301. [PMID: 23387636 DOI: 10.1063/1.4773546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A single-shot-imaging thin scintillator film was developed for an online Thomson parabola (TP) spectrometer and the first analysis of laser accelerated ions, using the online TP spectrometer, was demonstrated at the JAEA-Kansai Advanced Relativistic Engineering Laser System (J-KAREN). An energy spectrum of ~4.0 MeV protons is obtained using only this imaging film without the need of a microchannel plate that is typically utilized in online ion analyses. A general-purpose Monte Carlo particle and heavy ion-transport code system, which consists of various quantum dynamics models, was used for the prediction of the luminescent properties of the scintillator. The simulation can reasonably predict not only the ion trajectories detected by the spectrometer, but also luminescence properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Sakaki
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 8-1-7 Umemidai, Kizugawa, Kyoto 619-0215, Japan.
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20
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Daido H, Nishiuchi M, Pirozhkov AS. Review of laser-driven ion sources and their applications. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2012; 75:056401. [PMID: 22790586 DOI: 10.1088/0034-4885/75/5/056401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
For many years, laser-driven ion acceleration, mainly proton acceleration, has been proposed and a number of proof-of-principle experiments have been carried out with lasers whose pulse duration was in the nanosecond range. In the 1990s, ion acceleration in a relativistic plasma was demonstrated with ultra-short pulse lasers based on the chirped pulse amplification technique which can provide not only picosecond or femtosecond laser pulse duration, but simultaneously ultra-high peak power of terawatt to petawatt levels. Starting from the year 2000, several groups demonstrated low transverse emittance, tens of MeV proton beams with a conversion efficiency of up to several percent. The laser-accelerated particle beams have a duration of the order of a few picoseconds at the source, an ultra-high peak current and a broad energy spectrum, which make them suitable for many, including several unique, applications. This paper reviews, firstly, the historical background including the early laser-matter interaction studies on energetic ion acceleration relevant to inertial confinement fusion. Secondly, we describe several implemented and proposed mechanisms of proton and/or ion acceleration driven by ultra-short high-intensity lasers. We pay special attention to relatively simple models of several acceleration regimes. The models connect the laser, plasma and proton/ion beam parameters, predicting important features, such as energy spectral shape, optimum conditions and scalings under these conditions for maximum ion energy, conversion efficiency, etc. The models also suggest possible ways to manipulate the proton/ion beams by tailoring the target and irradiation conditions. Thirdly, we review experimental results on proton/ion acceleration, starting with the description of driving lasers. We list experimental results and show general trends of parameter dependences and compare them with the theoretical predictions and simulations. The fourth topic includes a review of scientific, industrial and medical applications of laser-driven proton or ion sources, some of which have already been established, while the others are yet to be demonstrated. In most applications, the laser-driven ion sources are complementary to the conventional accelerators, exhibiting significantly different properties. Finally, we summarize the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Daido
- Applied Laser Technology Institute, Tsuruga Head Office, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Kizaki, Tsuruga-shi, Fukui-ken 914-8585, Japan.
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21
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Cobble JA, Flippo KA, Offermann DT, Lopez FE, Oertel JA, Mastrosimone D, Letzring SA, Sinenian N. High-resolution Thomson parabola for ion analysis. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2011; 82:113504. [PMID: 22128973 DOI: 10.1063/1.3658048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A new, versatile Thomson parabola ion energy (TPIE) analyzer has been designed, constructed, and used at the OMEGA-EP facility. Laser-accelerated multi-MeV ions from hemispherical C targets are transmitted through a W pinhole into a multi-kG magnetic field and subsequently through a parallel electric field of up to 25 kV/cm. The ion drift region has a user-selected length of 10, 50, or 80 cm. With the highest fields, 400-MeV C(6+) and C(5+) may be resolved. TPIE is ten-inch manipulator (TIM)-mounted at OMEGA-EP and can be used opposite either of the EP ps beams. The instrument runs on pressure-interlocked 15-Vdc power available in EP TIM carts. Flux control derives from the insertion depth into the target chamber and the user-selected pinhole dimensions. The detector consists of CR39 backed by an image plate. A fully relativistic simulation code for calculating ion trajectories was employed for design optimization. Excellent agreement of code predictions with the actual ion positions on the detectors is observed. Through pit counting of carbon-ion tracks in CR39, it is shown that conversion efficiency of laser light to energetic carbon ions exceeds ~5% for these targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Cobble
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
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Jung D, Yin L, Albright BJ, Gautier DC, Hörlein R, Kiefer D, Henig A, Johnson R, Letzring S, Palaniyappan S, Shah R, Shimada T, Yan XQ, Bowers KJ, Tajima T, Fernández JC, Habs D, Hegelich BM. Monoenergetic ion beam generation by driving ion solitary waves with circularly polarized laser light. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2011; 107:115002. [PMID: 22026679 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.107.115002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Experimental data from the Trident Laser facility is presented showing quasimonoenergetic carbon ions from nm-scaled foil targets with an energy spread of as low as ±15% at 35 MeV. These results and high-resolution kinetic simulations show laser acceleration of quasimonoenergetic ion beams by the generation of ion solitons with circularly polarized laser pulses (500 fs, λ=1054 nm). The conversion efficiency into monoenergetic ions is increased by an order of magnitude compared with previous experimental results, representing an important step towards applications such as ion fast ignition.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Jung
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA.
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Jung D, Hörlein R, Gautier DC, Letzring S, Kiefer D, Allinger K, Albright BJ, Shah R, Palaniyappan S, Yin L, Fernández JC, Habs D, Hegelich BM. A novel high resolution ion wide angle spectrometer. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2011; 82:043301. [PMID: 21528999 DOI: 10.1063/1.3575581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A novel ion wide angle spectrometer (iWASP) has been developed, which is capable of measuring angularly resolved energy distributions of protons and a second ion species, such as carbon C(6 +), simultaneously. The energy resolution for protons and carbon ions is better than 10% at ∼50 MeV/nucleon and thus suitable for the study of novel laser-ion acceleration schemes aiming for ultrahigh particle energies. A wedged magnet design enables an acceptance angle of 30°(∼524 mrad) and high angular accuracy in the μrad range. First, results obtained at the LANL Trident laser facility are presented demonstrating high energy and angular resolution of this novel iWASP.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Jung
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA.
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