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Wang S, Song J, Zhao W, Guan P, Li M, Zhang M, Zou Y, Liu J, Chen G, Ren H, Wu X, Zhou G, Zhuang J, Liu Z, Zhou Z, Liu F, Zhang Y. Nanostructures and multi-scale aggregation of high ion exchange capacity short-side-chain perfluorosulfonic acid dispersion. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 672:805-813. [PMID: 38875836 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Short-side-chain perfluorosulfonic acid (SSC-PFSA) ionomers with high ion-exchange-capacity are promising candidates for high-temperature proton exchange membranes (PEMs) and catalyst layer (CL) binders. The solution-casting method determines the importance of SSC-PFSA dispersion characteristics in shaping the morphology of PEMs and CLs. Therefore, a thorough understanding of the chain behavior of SSC-PFSA in dispersions is essential for fabricating high-quality PEMs and CLs. In this study, we have employed multiple characterization techniques, including dynamic light scatting (DLS), small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), and cryo-transmission electron microscope (Cryo-TEM), to fully study the chain aggregation behaviors of SSC-PFSA in water-ethanol solvents and elucidate the concentration-dependent self-assembly process. In dilute dispersions (2 mg/mL), SSC-PFSA assembles into mono-disperse rod-like aggregates, featuring a twisted fluorocarbon backbone that forms a hydrophobic stem, and the sulfonic acid side chains extending outward to suit the hydrophilic environment. As the concentration increases, the radius of rod particles increases from 1.47 to 1.81 nm, and the mono-disperse rod particles first form a "end-to-end" configuration that doubles length (10 mg/mL), and then transform into a swollen network structure in semi-dilute dispersion (20 mg/mL). This work provides a well-established structure model for SSC-PFSA dispersions, which is the key nanostructure to be inherited by PEMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suyan Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Center of Hydrogen Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jingnan Song
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Center of Hydrogen Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Wutong Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Center of Hydrogen Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Panpan Guan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Center of Hydrogen Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Min Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Center of Hydrogen Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Center of Hydrogen Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yecheng Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Fluorinated Functional Membrane Materials and Dongyue Future Hydrogen Energy Materials Company, Zibo, Shandong 256401, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Shanghai Hydrogen Propulsion Technology Co. Ltd., Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Guangying Chen
- Shanghai Hydrogen Propulsion Technology Co. Ltd., Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Huan Ren
- Shanghai Hydrogen Propulsion Technology Co. Ltd., Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Xuefei Wu
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Guanqing Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Center of Hydrogen Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jiaxin Zhuang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Center of Hydrogen Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zehan Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Center of Hydrogen Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zichun Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Center of Hydrogen Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Feng Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Center of Hydrogen Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; State Key Laboratory of Fluorinated Functional Membrane Materials and Dongyue Future Hydrogen Energy Materials Company, Zibo, Shandong 256401, China.
| | - Yongming Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Center of Hydrogen Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; State Key Laboratory of Fluorinated Functional Membrane Materials and Dongyue Future Hydrogen Energy Materials Company, Zibo, Shandong 256401, China.
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Hayes DG, Barth BA, Pingali SV. Effect of equilibration time on the structural gradient in the vertical direction for bicontinuous microemulsions in Winsor-III and -IV systems. SOFT MATTER 2024; 20:6109-6119. [PMID: 38651769 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm01741a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Bicontinuous microemulsions (BMEs), self-assembly systems consisting of oil and water nanodomains separated by surfactant monolayers, have many applications. However, changes in structure and properties of BMEs in the vertical direction can affect BMEs' utility. This study's objective was to determine the effect of equilibration time (τeq) on structural changes in the vertical direction for bicontinuous phases of Winsor-III (WIII) systems in situ or after being isolated, for D2O + H2O/1-dodecane/sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)/1-pentanol/NaCl at 22 °C. Small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) measurements were performed using a vertical stage sample environment that precisely aligned samples in the neutron beam. SANS data were fitted by the Teubner-Strey (TS) model and changes in TS-derived parameter values were observed. For 10 min ≤ τeq ≤ 4 h, the effective activity of the bicontinuous phase's surfactant monolayers increased with time at all vertical positions. At short equilibration (τeq = 10 min), small but significant amounts of water and oil were transiently emulsified near the WIII upper liquid-liquid interface. WIII systems underwent a relaxation process after being transferred to narrow 1 mm pathlength cells, resulting in a decrease of surfactant activity for the top half of the bicontinuous phase. For isolated bicontinuous phases, results suggest that SDS was desorbed from the BMEs by quartz near the bottom, while near the top, the water concentration near was relatively high. The results suggest that WIII systems should equilibrate for at least 4 hours after being prepared and transferred to a container that differs in cross sectional area and surfactant behavior in BMEs can change near interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas G Hayes
- Department of Biosystems Engineering and Soil Science, University of Tennessee, 2506 E.J. Chapman Drive, Knoxville, TN 37996-4531, USA.
| | - Brian A Barth
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, 1512 Middle Dr, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.
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3
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Shimma Y, Sato T, Baglioni P, Ogura T. Hierarchical Emulsion Structure and Functionality Regulated by Coexisting Bicontinuous Microemulsion and Liquid Crystal Domains. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:4077-4086. [PMID: 38346388 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c02935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Since microemulsions are usually low viscosity fluids, enhanced rheological properties while maintaining their structure-derived functionality have long been desired from an industrial application point of view. However, for instance, it is practically difficult to thicken bicontinuous microemulsions (BCMEs) without perturbing their alternating domain structure or to emulsify oils using BCME having ultralow interfacial tension as an external phase. In this study, a methodology called a BCLC emulsification technique has been constructed to obtain oil-in-water emulsions stabilized by coexisting BCME and liquid crystal (LC) phases. The produced emulsions based on polyglyceryl-10 diisostearate, polyglyceryl-6 dicaprate, cetyl ethylhexanoate, and water are structurally scrutinized by means of small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering (SWAXS), freeze fracture transmission electron microscopy (FF-TEM), and scanning electron assisted dielectric microscopy (SE-ADM). The data provide experimental evidence that this methodology enables one to control the bending elasticity of the interfacial membranes and consequent long-range order of the BCME domains. Moreover, closely correlated with the interfacial membrane properties, submicrometer-sized fine oil droplets are supported by the LC networks and agglomerated into spongy or network-like phase-separation patterns. The resulting nonfluidic, jelly emulsions are particularly useful in cosmetics because of combined BCME-derived high cleansing performance and excellent usability owing to the enhanced viscosity. The thickening mechanisms are essentially different from those of common lamellar-gel-stabilized oil-in-water emulsions, which utilize crystalline lamellar gel networks as oil droplet stabilizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Shimma
- ALBION Co., Ltd., 2-24-11 Higashi-Nihonbashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-0004, Japan
| | - Takaaki Sato
- Department of Chemistry and Materials, Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 3-15-1 Tokida, Ueda, Nagano 386-8567, Japan
| | - Piero Baglioni
- Department of Chemistry and CSGI, University of Florence, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Taku Ogura
- NIKKOL GROUP, Nikko Chemicals Co., Ltd., 1-4-8 Nihonbashibakurocho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-0002, Japan
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Bobrin VA, Hackbarth HG, Yao Y, Bedford NM, Zhang J, Corrigan N, Boyer C. Customized Nanostructured Ceramics via Microphase Separation 3D Printing. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2304734. [PMID: 37750431 PMCID: PMC10646229 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202304734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
To date, the restricted capability to fabricate ceramics with independently tailored nano- and macroscopic features has hindered their implementation in a wide range of crucial technological areas, including aeronautics, defense, and microelectronics. In this study, a novel approach that combines self- and digital assembly to create polymer-derived ceramics with highly controlled structures spanning from the nano- to macroscale is introduced. Polymerization-induced microphase separation of a resin during digital light processing generates materials with nanoscale morphologies, with the distinct phases consisting of either a preceramic precursor or a sacrificial polymer. By precisely controlling the molecular weight of the sacrificial polymer, the domain size of the resulting material phases can be finely tuned. Pyrolysis of the printed objects yields ceramics with complex macroscale geometries and nanoscale porosity, which display excellent thermal and oxidation resistance, and morphology-dependent thermal conduction properties. This method offers a valuable technological platform for the simplified fabrication of nanostructured ceramics with complex shapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentin A. Bobrin
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular DesignSchool of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNSW2052Australia
| | - Haira G. Hackbarth
- School of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNSW2052Australia
| | - Yin Yao
- Electron Microscope UnitMark Wainwright Analytical CentreUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNSW2052Australia
| | - Nicholas M. Bedford
- School of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNSW2052Australia
| | - Jin Zhang
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing EngineeringUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNSW2052Australia
| | - Nathaniel Corrigan
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular DesignSchool of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNSW2052Australia
| | - Cyrille Boyer
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular DesignSchool of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNSW2052Australia
- Australian Centre for NanomedicineSchool of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNSW2052Australia
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Hammond OS, Bousrez G, Mehler F, Li S, Shimpi MR, Doutch J, Cavalcanti L, Glavatskih S, Antzutkin ON, Rutland MW, Mudring AV. Molecular Architecture Effects on Bulk Nanostructure in Bis(Orthoborate) Ionic Liquids. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2300912. [PMID: 37395635 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202300912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
A series of 19 ionic liquids (ILs) based on phosphonium and imidazolium cations of varying alkyl-chain lengths with the orthoborate anions bis(oxalato)borate [BOB]- , bis(mandelato)borate, [BMB]- and bis(salicylato)borate, [BScB]- , are synthesized and studied using small-angle neutron scattering (SANS). All measured systems display nanostructuring, with 1-methyl-3-n-alkyl imidazolium-orthoborates forming clearly bicontinuous L3 spongelike phases when the alkyl chains are longer than C6 (hexyl). L3 phases are fitted using the Teubner and Strey model, and diffusely-nanostructured systems are primarily fitted using the Ornstein-Zernicke correlation length model. Strongly-nanostructured systems have a strong dependence on the cation, with molecular architecture variation explored to determine the driving forces for self-assembly. The ability to form well-defined complex phases is effectively extinguished in several ways: methylation of the most acidic imidazolium ring proton, replacing the imidazolium 3-methyl group with a longer hydrocarbon chain, substitution of [BOB]- by [BMB]- , or exchanging the imidazolium for phosphonium systems, irrespective of phosphonium architecture. The results suggest there is only a small window of opportunity, in terms of molecular amphiphilicity and cation:anion volume matching, for the formation of stable extensive bicontinuous domains in pure bulk orthoborate-based ILs. Particularly important for self-assembly processes appear to be the ability to form H-bonding networks, which offer additional versatility in imidazolium systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver S Hammond
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm, SE-114 18, Sweden
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering and iNANO, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, 8000, Denmark
| | - Guillaume Bousrez
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm, SE-114 18, Sweden
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering and iNANO, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, 8000, Denmark
| | - Filip Mehler
- Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, SE-100 40, Sweden
| | - Sichao Li
- Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, SE-100 40, Sweden
| | - Manishkumar R Shimpi
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm, SE-114 18, Sweden
- Chemistry of Interfaces, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, SE-971 87, Sweden
| | - James Doutch
- ISIS Neutron & Muon Source, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell-Oxford, OX11 0QX, UK
| | - Leide Cavalcanti
- ISIS Neutron & Muon Source, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell-Oxford, OX11 0QX, UK
| | - Sergei Glavatskih
- Department of Engineering Design, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, SE-10044, Sweden
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia
- Department of Electromechanical, Systems and Metal Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, B-9052, Belgium
| | - Oleg N Antzutkin
- Chemistry of Interfaces, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, SE-971 87, Sweden
| | - Mark W Rutland
- Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, SE-100 40, Sweden
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia
- Bioeconomy and Health Department Materials and Surface Design, RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Stockholm, SE-114 86, Sweden
- Laboratoire de Tribologie et Dynamique des Systèmes, École Centrale de Lyon, Lyon, 69130, France
| | - Anja-Verena Mudring
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm, SE-114 18, Sweden
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering and iNANO, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, 8000, Denmark
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Fang W, Mu Z, He Y, Kong K, Jiang K, Tang R, Liu Z. Organic-inorganic covalent-ionic molecules for elastic ceramic plastic. Nature 2023:10.1038/s41586-023-06117-1. [PMID: 37286604 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06117-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Although organic-inorganic hybrid materials have played indispensable roles as mechanical1-4, optical5,6, electronic7,8 and biomedical materials9-11, isolated organic-inorganic hybrid molecules (at present limited to covalent compounds12,13) are seldom used to prepare hybrid materials, owing to the distinct behaviours of organic covalent bonds14 and inorganic ionic bonds15 in molecular construction. Here we integrate typical covalent and ionic bonds within one molecule to create an organic-inorganic hybrid molecule, which can be used for bottom-up syntheses of hybrid materials. A combination of the organic covalent thioctic acid (TA) and the inorganic ionic calcium carbonate oligomer (CCO) through an acid-base reaction provides a TA-CCO hybrid molecule with the representative molecular formula TA2Ca(CaCO3)2. Its dual reactivity involving copolymerization of the organic TA segment and inorganic CCO segment generates the respective covalent and ionic networks. The two networks are interconnected through TA-CCO complexes to form a covalent-ionic bicontinuous structure within the resulting hybrid material, poly(TA-CCO), which unifies paradoxical mechanical properties. The reversible binding of Ca2+-CO32- bonds in the ionic network and S-S bonds in the covalent network ensures material reprocessability with plastic-like mouldability while preserving thermal stability. The coexistence of ceramic-like, rubber-like and plastic-like behaviours within poly(TA-CCO) goes beyond current classifications of materials to generate an 'elastic ceramic plastic'. The bottom-up creation of organic-inorganic hybrid molecules provides a feasible pathway for the molecular engineering of hybrid materials, thereby supplementing the classical methodology used for the manufacture of organic-inorganic hybrid materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifeng Fang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhao Mu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yan He
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kangren Kong
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kai Jiang
- Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics & Advanced Instrument (Ministry of Education), Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruikang Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Zhaoming Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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Oehler MA, Hayes DG, D’Souza DH, Senanayake M, Gurumoorthy V, Pingali SV, O’Neill HM, Bras W, Urban VS. Assessment of antimicrobial activity of melittin encapsulated in bicontinuous microemulsions prepared using renewable oils. J SURFACTANTS DETERG 2023; 26:387-399. [PMID: 37470058 PMCID: PMC10353728 DOI: 10.1002/jsde.12654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study is to demonstrate that melittin, a well-studied antimicrobial peptide (AMP), can be solubilized in an active form in bicontinuous microemulsions (BMEs) that employ biocompatible oils. The systems investigated consisted of Winsor-III and -IV BME phases composed of Water/Aerosol-OT (AOT)/Polysorbate 85/isopropyl myristate and a Winsor-IV BME employing Polysorbate 80 and limonene. We found that melittin resided in an α-helix-rich configuration and was in an apolar environment for the AOT/Polysorbate 85 Winsor-III system, suggesting that melittin interacted with the surfactant monolayer and was in an active conformation. An apolar environment was also detected for melittin in the two Winsor-IV systems, but to a lesser extent than the Winsor-III system. Small-angle X-ray scattering analysis indicated that melittin at a concentration of 1.0 g/Laq in the aqueous subphase of the Winsor-IV systems led to the greatest impact on the BME structure (e.g., decrease of quasi-periodic repeat distance and correlation length and induction of interfacial fluidity). The antimicrobial activity of the Polysorbate 80 Winsor-IV system was evaluated against several bacteria prominent in chronic wounds and surgical site infections (SSIs). Melittin-free BMEs inhibited the growth of all tested bacteria due to its oil, limonene, while the inclusion of 1.0 g/Laq of melittin in the BMEs enhanced the activity against several bacteria. A further increase of melittin concentration in the BMEs had no further enhancement. These results demonstrate the potential utility of BMEs as a delivery platform for AMPs and other hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs to inhibit antibiotic-resistant microorganisms in chronic wounds and SSIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madison A. Oehler
- Department of Biosystems Engineering and Soil Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Douglas G. Hayes
- Department of Biosystems Engineering and Soil Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Doris H. D’Souza
- Department of Food Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Manjula Senanayake
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
| | | | - Sai Venkatesh Pingali
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
| | - Hugh M. O’Neill
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
| | - Wim Bras
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
| | - Volker S. Urban
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
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8
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Fischer J, Porcar L, Cabral JT, Sottmann T. Shear-induced sponge-to-lamellar transition in bicontinuous microemulsions evidenced by microfluidic-SANS. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 635:588-597. [PMID: 36610202 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.12.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Shear flow applied to bicontinuous microemulsions is expected to induce a transition to lamellae via the suppression of surfactant monolayer fluctuations. Compared to the topologically analogous L3 (sponge) phase, composed of surfactant bilayers, this transition is likely to occur at much higher shear rates. EXPERIMENTS We examine the flow response of a model bicontinuous microemulsion, D2O/n-octane/C10E4 by coupling microfluidics with small-angle neutron scattering (SANS), attaining wall shear rates in excess of 105 s-1. The reduction of probed sample volumes down to ∼10 nL allows the spatial mapping of the structural and orientation changes within the microchannel, as a function of the flow field components. FINDINGS With increasing flow rate, we observe a gradual increase in scattering anisotropy, accompanied by a decrease of the microemulsion domain size along the main flow orientation. A consistent description of the degree of anisotropy was obtained when considering the velocity gradient along the scattering plane perpendicular to the flow. We discuss the flow dependence of the effective bending rigidity, rationalizing a strong influence of shear on thermal membrane fluctuations. Assuming a similar shear dependence for the saddle splay modulus, the bicontinuous-to-lamellar transition can be attributed to the gradual disappearance of inter-lamellar passages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Fischer
- Instiute of Physical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Lionel Porcar
- Institut Laue-Langevin, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS 20156, 38042 Grenoble CEDEX 9, France
| | - João T Cabral
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Sottmann
- Instiute of Physical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
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9
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Zhang B, Cui S, Lodge TP, Bates FS. Structure and Phase Behavior of Bottlebrush Diblock Copolymer-Linear Homopolymer Ternary Blends. Macromolecules 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c02434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Shuquan Cui
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Timothy P. Lodge
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Frank S. Bates
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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Tratnik B, Van de Velde N, Jerman I, Kapun G, Tchernychova E, Tomšič M, Jamnik A, Genorio B, Vizintin A, Dominko R. Correlating Structural Properties with Electrochemical Behavior of Non-graphitizable Carbons in Na-Ion Batteries. ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS 2022; 5:10667-10679. [PMID: 36185811 PMCID: PMC9516555 DOI: 10.1021/acsaem.2c01390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We report on a detailed structural versus electrochemical property investigation of the corncob-derived non-graphitizable carbons prepared at different carbonization temperatures using a combination of structural characterization methodology unique to this field. Non-graphitizable carbons are currently the most viable option for the negative electrode in sodium-ion batteries. However, many challenges arise from the strong dependence of the precursor's choice and carbonization parameters on the evolution of the carbon matrix and its resulting electrochemistry. We followed structure development upon the increase in carbonization temperature with thorough structural characterization and electrochemical testing. With the increase of carbonization temperature from 900 to 1600 °C, our prepared materials exhibited a trend toward increasing structural order, an increase in the specific surface area of micropores, the development of ultramicroporosity, and an increase in conductivity. This was clearly demonstrated by a synergy of small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering, scanning transmission electron microscopy, and electron-energy loss spectroscopy techniques. Three-electrode full cell measurements confirmed incomplete desodiation of Na+ ions from the non-graphitizable carbons in the first cycle due to the formation of a solid-electrolyte interface and Na trapping in the pores, followed by a stable second cycle. The study of cycling stability over 100 cycles in a half-cell configuration confirmed the observed high irreversible capacity in the first cycle, which stabilized to a slow decrease afterward, with the Coulombic efficiency reaching 99% after 30 cycles and then stabilizing between 99.3 and 99.5%. Subsequently, a strong correlation between the determined structural properties and the electrochemical behavior was established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blaž Tratnik
- National
Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
- Faculty
of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University
of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
| | - Nigel Van de Velde
- National
Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
| | - Ivan Jerman
- National
Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
| | - Gregor Kapun
- National
Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
| | - Elena Tchernychova
- National
Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
| | - Matija Tomšič
- Faculty
of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University
of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
| | - Andrej Jamnik
- Faculty
of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University
of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
| | - Boštjan Genorio
- Faculty
of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University
of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
| | - Alen Vizintin
- National
Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
| | - Robert Dominko
- National
Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
- Faculty
of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University
of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
- ALISTORE-European
Research Institute, CNRS FR 3104 Cedex, Hub de l’Energie, Rue Baudelocque, Amiens 80039, France
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11
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Le ML, Grzetic DJ, Delaney KT, Yang KC, Xie S, Fredrickson GH, Chabinyc ML, Segalman RA. Electrostatic Interactions Control the Nanostructure of Conjugated Polyelectrolyte–Polymeric Ionic Liquid Blends. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- My Linh Le
- Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Douglas J. Grzetic
- Chemical Engineering Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Kris T. Delaney
- Chemical Engineering Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Kai-Chieh Yang
- Chemical Engineering Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Shuyi Xie
- Chemical Engineering Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Glenn H. Fredrickson
- Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
- Chemical Engineering Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Michael L. Chabinyc
- Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Rachel A. Segalman
- Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
- Chemical Engineering Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
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12
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Cattelaens F, Myrdek T. Study of the efficiency of technical grade nonionic surfactants. J SURFACTANTS DETERG 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/jsde.12623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Frederike Cattelaens
- Department of Research & Development Kao Chemicals GmbH Emmerich am Rhein Germany
| | - Thomas Myrdek
- Department of Research & Development Kao Chemicals GmbH Emmerich am Rhein Germany
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13
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Schirone D, Gentile L, Olsson U, Palazzo G. Optimum formulation conditions for cationic surfactants via rheo-titration in turbulent regime. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.129154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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14
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Shi X, Bobrin VA, Yao Y, Zhang J, Corrigan N, Boyer C. Designing Nanostructured 3D Printed Materials by Controlling Macromolecular Architecture. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202206272. [PMID: 35732587 PMCID: PMC9544629 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202206272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Nanostructured polymeric materials play important roles in many advanced applications, however, controlling the morphologies of polymeric thermosets remains a challenge. This work uses multi-arm macroCTAs to mediate polymerization-induced microphase separation (PIMS) and prepare nanostructured materials via photoinduced 3D printing. The characteristic length scale of microphase-separated domains is determined by the macroCTA arm length, while nanoscale morphologies are controlled by the macroCTA architecture. Specifically, using 2- and 4- arm macroCTAs provides materials with different morphologies compared to analogous monofunctional linear macroCTAs at similar compositions. The mechanical properties of these nanostructured thermosets can also be tuned while maintaining the desired morphologies. Using multi-arm macroCTAs can thus broaden the scope of accessible nanostructures for extended applications, including the fabrication of actuators and potential drug delivery devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobing Shi
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design and Australian Centre for NanomedicineSchool of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNSW 2052Australia
| | - Valentin A. Bobrin
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design and Australian Centre for NanomedicineSchool of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNSW 2052Australia
| | - Yin Yao
- Electron Microscope UnitMark Wainwright Analytical CentreUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNSW 2052Australia
| | - Jin Zhang
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing EngineeringUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNSW 2052Australia
| | - Nathaniel Corrigan
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design and Australian Centre for NanomedicineSchool of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNSW 2052Australia
| | - Cyrille Boyer
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design and Australian Centre for NanomedicineSchool of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNSW 2052Australia
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15
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Cabry CP, D'Andrea L, Elstone NS, Kirchhecker S, Riccobono A, Khazal I, Li P, Rogers SE, Bruce DW, Slattery JM. Small-angle neutron scattering from mixtures of long- and short-chain 3-alkyl-1-methyl imidazolium bistriflimides. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:15811-15823. [PMID: 35762383 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp01528e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The preparation of mixtures of ionic liquids (ILs) represents an attractive strategy to tune their properties, an important aspect of which is to understand how the structure of the bulk varies with composition. In this study, small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) was used to probe mixtures of methylimidazolium-based ionic liquids [Cnmim][Tf2N] with [C2mim][Tf2N]) (n = 4, 6, 8 and 10) and of [Cmmim][Tf2N] with [C12mim][Tf2N] (m = 2, 4, 6 and 8). Mixtures were prepared in both contrasts, which is to say that one component would be fully hydrogenated while the other was fully deuterated, and vice versa. Data were fitted using a range of appropriate models, of which the Teubner-Strey model provided most useful information and the pure materials showed a nascent Polar Non-polar Peak (PNPP) for n = 6, which became more evident as n increased. In the mixtures [Cnmim]x[C2mim]1-x[Tf2N], the PNPP was evident for n = 10 and 8, nascent for n = 6 and absent for n = 4, with percolation showing a very strong dependence on the chain length of the added IL, [Cnmim][Tf2N]. In contrast, while the ability of [C12mim][Tf2N] to form percolated structures was damped when mixed with [Cmmim][Tf2N], as m increased from 2 to 6, this effect was less strong. However, data obtained for mixtures of [C12mim][Tf2N] and [C8mim][Tf2N], both of which percolate as pure materials, did not fit easily in any of the models applied to the previous systems and gave results that depended on the contrast used. Complementary small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) data, however, showed the expected evolution and behaviour of the PNPP, COP and CP, revealing that the unexpected observations were due to an adventitious matching out of isotopic contrasts. As well as revealing details of the structures of these IL mixtures, the results also point to complementary strategies for generating bulk percolated structures as a function of cation chain length.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lucía D'Andrea
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK.
| | - Naomi S Elstone
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK.
| | - Sarah Kirchhecker
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK.
| | - Alessio Riccobono
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK.
| | - Iman Khazal
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK.
| | - Peixun Li
- ISIS, Science & Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, UK
| | - Sarah E Rogers
- ISIS, Science & Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, UK
| | - Duncan W Bruce
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK.
| | - John M Slattery
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK.
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16
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Shi X, Bobrin VA, Yao Y, Zhang J, Corrigan N, Boyer CAJM. Designing Nanostructured 3D Printed Materials by Controlling Macromolecular Architecture. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202206272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobing Shi
- UNSW: University of New South Wales Chemical Engineering 2031 Sydney AUSTRALIA
| | - Valentin A. Bobrin
- UNSW: University of New South Wales Chemical Engineering School of Chemical Engineering 2031 Sydney AUSTRALIA
| | - Yin Yao
- UNSW: University of New South Wales Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre 2031 Sydney AUSTRALIA
| | - Jin Zhang
- UNSW: University of New South Wales School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering 2031 Sydney AUSTRALIA
| | - Nathaniel Corrigan
- UNSW: University of New South Wales School of Chemical Engineering UNSWSchool of Chemical Engineering 2031 Sydney AUSTRALIA
| | - Cyrille Andre Jean Marie Boyer
- University of New South Wales Chemical Engineering and Australian Centre for Nanomedicine and Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design High streetApplied science building 2052 Sydney AUSTRALIA
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17
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Nano- to macro-scale control of 3D printed materials via polymerization induced microphase separation. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3577. [PMID: 35732624 PMCID: PMC9217958 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31095-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Although 3D printing allows the macroscopic structure of objects to be easily controlled, controlling the nanostructure of 3D printed materials has rarely been reported. Herein, we report an efficient and versatile process for fabricating 3D printed materials with controlled nanoscale structural features. This approach uses resins containing macromolecular chain transfer agents (macroCTAs) which microphase separate during the photoinduced 3D printing process to form nanostructured materials. By varying the chain length of the macroCTA, we demonstrate a high level of control over the microphase separation behavior, resulting in materials with controllable nanoscale sizes and morphologies. Importantly, the bulk mechanical properties of 3D printed objects are correlated with their morphologies; transitioning from discrete globular to interpenetrating domains results in a marked improvement in mechanical performance, which is ascribed to the increased interfacial interaction between soft and hard domains. Overall, the findings of this work enable the simplified production of materials with tightly controllable nanostructures for broad potential applications.
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18
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Stemplinger S, Causse J, Prévost S, Pellet-Rostaing S, Zemb T, Horinek D. Short-chain branched sulfosuccinate as a missing link between surfactants and hydrotropes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:11353-11361. [PMID: 35485971 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp04849j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Surfactants aggregate in water into micelles, and these micelles incorporate organic substances to solubilize them. Hydrotropes are compounds that increase the solubility of hydrophobic substances in water without this form of aggregation. Decreasing the chain length of the classical surfactant Aerosol OT (AOT) from C8 to C5 results in a molecule with intermediate properties. Molecular dynamics simulations and surface tension measurements are performed on this short chain derivative of AOT. This compound shows high solubility and at the same time progressive weak aggregation. The hydration of head groups hinders significant plunging into a hydrophobic core, which leads to well defined liquid chain nanodomains. The transition to bicontinuous aggregates is in the concentration range of 1 mol L-1. The sulfonate group of the head groups (placed at the water interface of worm-like aggregates) rather than the aggregate-aggregate interaction is responsible for the unusual small angle X-ray scattering pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Stemplinger
- ICSM, CEA, CNRS, Univ Montpellier, ENSCM, Marcoule, France.,Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Jérémy Causse
- ICSM, CEA, CNRS, Univ Montpellier, ENSCM, Marcoule, France
| | | | | | - Thomas Zemb
- ICSM, CEA, CNRS, Univ Montpellier, ENSCM, Marcoule, France
| | - Dominik Horinek
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
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19
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Imel AE, Barth B, Hayes DG, Dadmun M, Zawodzinski T. Microemulsions as Emerging Electrolytes: The Correlation of Structure to Electrochemical Response. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:20179-20189. [PMID: 35467833 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c00181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We describe the structural studies of microemulsions (μEs) prepared from water, toluene, butanol, and polysorbate 20 (PS20) that we recently used as electrolytes. Small-angle neutron scattering was used to monitor the development of the bicontinuous system as a function of the water-to-surfactant mass ratio on a constant oil-to-surfactant dilution line, revealing how the domain size, correlation length, amphiphilicity factor, and bending moduli change with composition. Kratky and Porod analyses are also employed, providing further structural detail of the scattering domains. We demonstrate that controlling the water-to-surfactant ratio with a constant oil-to-surfactant dilution affects the bicontinuous phase, reveals a sizeable compositional region with structural similarities, and provides insight into the correlation of structure to physical properties. Voltammetric results are presented to examine how the evolution of the bicontinuous structure formed in a μE prepared from water, toluene, butanol, and PS20 contributes to the electrochemical response. These findings, therefore, provide essential information that will guide the formulation of μEs as electrolytes for energy storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam E Imel
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Brian Barth
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Douglas G Hayes
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
- Department of Biosystems Engineering and Soil Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Mark Dadmun
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | - Thomas Zawodzinski
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
- Energy Storage and Membrane Materials Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
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20
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Zhao X, Zhan F, Liao G, Liu W, Su X, Feng Y. In situ micro-emulsification during surfactant enhanced oil recovery: A microfluidic study. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 620:465-477. [PMID: 35447575 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.04.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS It is generally believed that the improved efficiency of surfactant enhanced oil recovery (EOR) comes from ultra-low interfacial tension (IFT) between oil and surfactant solution owing to the formation of middle-phase microemulsion. However, hindered visibility in underground porous media prevents direct observation of in situ generation of middle-phase microemulsion during surfactant flooding. Thus, direct visualization of the process is vital, and could clarify its contribution to EOR. EXPERIMENTS Micro-emulsification of a displacing fluid containing sodium 4-dodecylbenzenesulfonate and alcohol propoxy sulfate with model oil was investigated. Phase diagrams were drawn using salinity scans, and the influence of polymer on emulsification was analyzed. Micro-emulsification was monitored through in situ fluorescent tagging via 2D-microfluidics and ex situ visualization via cryo-electron microscopy and small angle X-ray scattering. Its contribution to the oil recovery factor was quantified by measuring the volume of each phase in the eluates. FINDINGS On-chip experiments indicated that in situ micro-emulsification occurred when the prescreened surfactant solution flowed in contact with trapped oil. The aqueous phase initially invaded the residual oil, forming a low mobility microemulsion. This microemulsion was then diluted by subsequent displacing fluid, forming a new driving fluid that caused ultra-low IFT in the trapped oil downstream. Under the synergistic effect of micellar solubilization and trapped-oil mobilization, the recovery factor could be increased by up to 40% over waterflooding and 43% on polymer inclusion in the formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuezhi Zhao
- Polymer Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuxing Zhan
- Polymer Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangzhi Liao
- PetroChina Exploration & Production Company, Beijing 100007, People's Republic of China
| | - Weidong Liu
- Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development, PetroChina Company Limited, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Su
- Polymer Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujun Feng
- Polymer Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, People's Republic of China.
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21
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22
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Sofroniou C, Baglioni M, Mamusa M, Resta C, Doutch J, Smets J, Baglioni P. Self-Assembly of Soluplus in Aqueous Solutions: Characterization and Prospectives on Perfume Encapsulation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:14791-14804. [PMID: 35312278 PMCID: PMC8972246 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c01087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Soluplus is an amphiphilic graft copolymer intensively studied as a micellar solubilizer for drugs. An extensive characterization of the nanostructure of its colloidal aggregates is still lacking. Here, we provide insights into the polymer's self-assembly in water, and we assess its use as an encapsulating agent for fragrances. The self-assembly properties of Soluplus aqueous solutions were studied over a wide concentration range (1-70% w/w) by means of small-angle neutron scattering (SANS), differential scanning calorimetry, NMR, and rheometry. SANS analyses revealed the presence of polymeric micelles with a fuzzy surface interacting via a 2-Yukawa potential, up to 15% w/w polymer. Increasing the polymer concentration up to 55% w/w led to tightly packed micelles described according to the Teubner-Strey model. The ability of Soluplus to encapsulate seven perfume molecules, 2-phenyl ethanol, l-carvone, linalool, florhydral, β-citronellol, α-pinene, and R-limonene, was then examined. We showed that the fragrance's octanol/water partition coefficient (log Kow), widely used to characterize the solubilization capacity, is not sufficient to characterize such systems and the presence of specific functional groups or molecular conformation needs to be considered. In fact, the combination of SANS, NMR, confocal laser scanning microscopy, and confocal Raman microscopy showed that the perfumes, interacting with different regions of the polymer aggregates, are able to tune the systems' structures resulting in micelles, matrix-type capsules, core-shell capsules, or oil-in-water emulsions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constantina Sofroniou
- Department
of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff” and CSGI, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Michele Baglioni
- Department
of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff” and CSGI, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Marianna Mamusa
- Department
of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff” and CSGI, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Claudio Resta
- Department
of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff” and CSGI, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - James Doutch
- Science
and Technology Facilities Council, ISIS
Neutron and Muon Source, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - Johan Smets
- The
Procter & Gamble Company, Temselaan 100, 1853 Strombeek Bever, Belgium
| | - Piero Baglioni
- Department
of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff” and CSGI, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
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23
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Kulshreshtha A, Hayward RC, Jayaraman A. Impact of Composition and Placement of Hydrogen-Bonding Groups along Polymer Chains on Blend Phase Behavior: Coarse-Grained Molecular Dynamics Simulation Study. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arjita Kulshreshtha
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Colburn Laboratory, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Ryan C. Hayward
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, 596 UCB, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Arthi Jayaraman
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Colburn Laboratory, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, 201 Dupont Hall, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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24
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Herrera D, Chevalier T, Frot D, Barré L, Drelich A, Pezron I, Dalmazzone C. Monitoring the formation kinetics of a bicontinuous microemulsion. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 609:200-211. [PMID: 34896824 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
HYPOTHESES The performance of bicontinuous microemulsions is usually assessed on the characteristics of the middle phase at equilibrium. However, applied to Enhanced Oil Recovery, such an evaluation would not be representative of the structure and composition of fluids in reservoir rocks. Studies on the properties of non-equilibrated microemulsions are still needed to better understand the formation of such complex systems, in particular to optimize input parameters of process simulation tools. EXPERIMENTS For this purpose, we monitored the formation of a microemulsion from contact with the oil to equilibrium when no mixing or convection is provided. Non-destructive methods such as Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Micro-Computed Tomography, Dynamic Light Scattering and Small Angle X-ray scattering were used to extract the compositions, phase thicknesses, dynamics and structures of the system over time. FINDING We found that the system gets structured into several layers over time that include the transient presence of an oriented semi-crystalline phase. The growth of the bicontinuous middle phase results from a progressive reorganization of the liquid crystal. The compositional and structural gradients, observed along the sample height, are correlated and linked to the corresponding structures of the phase diagram of the quaternary system. Equilibrium is reached after the total transfer of the liquid crystal into the bicontinuous phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delphine Herrera
- IFP Energies nouvelles, 1 et 4 avenue de Bois-Préau, Rueil-Malmaison Cedex 92852, France
| | - Thibaud Chevalier
- IFP Energies nouvelles, 1 et 4 avenue de Bois-Préau, Rueil-Malmaison Cedex 92852, France
| | - Didier Frot
- IFP Energies nouvelles, 1 et 4 avenue de Bois-Préau, Rueil-Malmaison Cedex 92852, France
| | - Loïc Barré
- IFP Energies nouvelles, 1 et 4 avenue de Bois-Préau, Rueil-Malmaison Cedex 92852, France
| | - Audrey Drelich
- Université de technologie de Compiègne, ESCOM, TIMR (Integrated Transformations of Renewable Matter), Centre de recherche Royallieu-CS60319, Compiègne Cedex 60203, France
| | - Isabelle Pezron
- Université de technologie de Compiègne, ESCOM, TIMR (Integrated Transformations of Renewable Matter), Centre de recherche Royallieu-CS60319, Compiègne Cedex 60203, France
| | - Christine Dalmazzone
- IFP Energies nouvelles, 1 et 4 avenue de Bois-Préau, Rueil-Malmaison Cedex 92852, France.
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25
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Peng K, Preisig N, Sottmann T, Stubenrauch C. From water-rich to oil-rich gelled non-toxic microemulsions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:16855-16867. [PMID: 34328162 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp02522h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Gelled non-toxic microemulsions have great potential in transdermal drug delivery: the microemulsion provides an optimum solubilizing capacity for drugs and promotes drug permeation through the skin barrier, while the gel network provides mechanical stability. We have formulated such a gelled non-toxic microemulsion consisting of H2O - isopropyl myristate (IPM) - Plantacare 1200 UP (technical-grade alkyl polyglucoside with an average composition of C12G1.4) - 1,2-octanediol in the presence of the low molecular weight gelator (LMWG) 1,3:2,4-dibenzylidene-d-sorbitol (DBS) at an oil-to-water ratio of φ = 0.50. The study at hand aimed to develop gelled non-toxic microemulsions that can contain both oil- and water-soluble drugs and are either water- or oil-based, depending on the application. To accomplish this, we varied the oil-to-water ratio from being water-rich to oil-rich, i.e. 0.2 ≤ φ ≤ 0.8. Phase studies were carried out along the middle phase trajectory, and a suitable LMWG was identified for all φ-ratios. Electrical conductivity measurements showed that the structure can be tuned from water- to oil-continuous by adjusting the amount of 1,2-octanediol and φ-ratios. The existence of the gel network was visualized by freeze-fracture electron microscopy (FFEM) at three different φ-ratios. We found that all systems from φ = 0.35 to φ = 0.80 form strong gels with nearly the same rheological behavior, while the system with φ = 0.20 is a much weaker gel. We attribute this behavior on the one hand to the microemulsion microstructure and on the other hand to the solvent-dependent gelation properties of DBS, which can be described by the Hansen solubility parameters (HSPs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Peng
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
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26
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Incorporation of Membrane Proteins Into Bicontinuous Microemulsions Through
Winsor‐III System‐Based
Extraction. J SURFACTANTS DETERG 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/jsde.12500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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27
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Bahadur J, Maity A, Sen D, Das A, Polshettiwar V. Origin of the Hierarchical Structure of Dendritic Fibrous Nanosilica: A Small-Angle X-ray Scattering Perspective. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:6423-6434. [PMID: 34008990 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c00368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of dendritic fibrous nanosilica (DFNS) has attracted great attention to the field of catalysis, CO2 capture, drug delivery due to its distinct morphology, and pore size distribution. Despite extensive research, the understanding of the DFNS formation process and its internal structure remains incomplete as microscopy and gas sorption techniques were not able to provide necessary in-depth structural information due to their inherent limitations. In the current work, we present a structural model of DFNS derived using small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) supported by 129Xe nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), which provided intricate details of DFNS and its internal structure. Mechanistic understanding of the DFNS formation and growth process was achieved by performing time-resolved SAXS measurements during the synthesis of DFNS, which unveils the evolution of two levels of a bicontinuous microemulsion structure responsible for intricate DFNS morphology. The validity and the accuracy of the SAXS method and the model were successfully established through a direct correlation among the functionality of the DFNS scattering profile and its pore size distribution, as well as results obtained from the 129Xe NMR studies. It has been established that the DFNS structure originates from direct modulation of the bicontinuous structure controlled by a surfactant, a co-surfactant, and the silicate species formed during hydrolysis and the condensation reaction of the silica precursor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitendra Bahadur
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Ayan Maity
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai 400005, India
| | - Debasis Sen
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Avik Das
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Vivek Polshettiwar
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai 400005, India
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Viviani M, Lova P, Portale G. Structural Transitions During Formation and Rehydration of Proton Conducting Polymeric Membranes. Macromol Rapid Commun 2021; 42:e2000717. [PMID: 33998098 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202000717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Knowledge of the transitions occurring during the formation of ion-conducting polymer films and membranes is crucial to optimize material performances. The use of non-destructive scattering techniques that offer high spatio-temporal resolution is essential to investigating such structural transitions, especially when combined with complementary techniques probing at different time and spatial scales. Here, a simultaneous multi-technique study is performed on the membrane formation mechanism and the subsequent hydration of two ion-conducting polymers, the well-known commercial Nafion and a synthesized sulfonated poly(phenylene sulfide sulfone) (sPSS). The X-ray data distinguish the multi-stage processes occurring during drying. A sol-gel-membrane transition sequence is observed for both polymers. However, while Nafion membrane evolves from a micellar solution through the formation of a phase-separated gel, forming an oriented supported membrane, sPSS membrane evolves from a solution of dispersed polyelectrolyte chains via formation of an inhomogeneous gel, showing assembly and ionic phase separation only at the end of the drying process. Impedance spectroscopy data confirm the occurrence of the sol-gel transitions, while gel-membrane transitions are detected by optical reflectance data. The simultaneous multi-technique approach presented here can connect the nanoscale to the macroscopic behavior, unraveling information essential to optimize membrane formation of different ion-conducting polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Viviani
- Macromolecular Chemistry and New Polymeric Materials, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen, 9747AG, The Netherlands
| | - Paola Lova
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Genova, Via Dodecaneso 31, Genova, 16142, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Portale
- Macromolecular Chemistry and New Polymeric Materials, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen, 9747AG, The Netherlands
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29
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Gradzielski M, Duvail M, de Molina PM, Simon M, Talmon Y, Zemb T. Using Microemulsions: Formulation Based on Knowledge of Their Mesostructure. Chem Rev 2021; 121:5671-5740. [PMID: 33955731 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Microemulsions, as thermodynamically stable mixtures of oil, water, and surfactant, are known and have been studied for more than 70 years. However, even today there are still quite a number of unclear aspects, and more recent research work has modified and extended our picture. This review gives a short overview of how the understanding of microemulsions has developed, the current view on their properties and structural features, and in particular, how they are related to applications. We also discuss more recent developments regarding nonclassical microemulsions such as surfactant-free (ultraflexible) microemulsions or ones containing uncommon solvents or amphiphiles (like antagonistic salts). These new findings challenge to some extent our previous understanding of microemulsions, which therefore has to be extended to look at the different types of microemulsions in a unified way. In particular, the flexibility of the amphiphilic film is the key property to classify different microemulsion types and their properties in this review. Such a classification of microemulsions requires a thorough determination of their structural properties, and therefore, the experimental methods to determine microemulsion structure and dynamics are reviewed briefly, with a particular emphasis on recent developments in the field of direct imaging by means of electron microscopy. Based on this classification of microemulsions, we then discuss their applications, where the application demands have to be met by the properties of the microemulsion, which in turn are controlled by the flexibility of their amphiphilic interface. Another frequently important aspect for applications is the control of the rheological properties. Normally, microemulsions are low viscous and therefore enhancing viscosity has to be achieved by either having high concentrations (often not wished for) or additives, which do not significantly interfere with the microemulsion. Accordingly, this review gives a comprehensive account of the properties of microemulsions, including most recent developments and bringing them together from a united viewpoint, with an emphasis on how this affects the way of formulating microemulsions for a given application with desired properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Gradzielski
- Stranski-Laboratorium für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, D-10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Magali Duvail
- ICSM, Université Montpellier, CEA, CNRS, ENSCM, 30207 Marcoule, France
| | - Paula Malo de Molina
- Centro de Física de Materiales (CFM) (CSIC-UPV/EHU)-Materials Physics Center (MPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain.,IKERBASQUE - Basque Foundation for Science, María Díaz de Haro 3, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Miriam Simon
- Stranski-Laboratorium für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, D-10623 Berlin, Germany.,Department of Chemical Engineering and the Russell Berrie Nanotechnolgy Inst. (RBNI), Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, IL-3200003, Israel
| | - Yeshayahu Talmon
- Department of Chemical Engineering and the Russell Berrie Nanotechnolgy Inst. (RBNI), Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, IL-3200003, Israel
| | - Thomas Zemb
- Stranski-Laboratorium für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, D-10623 Berlin, Germany.,ICSM, Université Montpellier, CEA, CNRS, ENSCM, 30207 Marcoule, France
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30
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Xi Y, Leão JB, Ye Q, Lankone RS, Sung LP, Liu Y. Controlling Bicontinuous Structures through a Solvent Segregation-Driven Gel. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:2170-2178. [PMID: 33533619 PMCID: PMC11165622 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c03472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The past decade has seen increased research interest in studying bicontinuous structures formed via colloidal self-assembly due to their many useful applications. A new type of colloidal gel, solvent segregation-driven gel (SeedGel), has been recently demonstrated as an effective approach to arrest bicontinuous structures with unique and intriguing properties, such as thermoreversibility, structural reproducibility, and sensitive temperature response. Here, using a model system with silica particles in the 2,6-lutidine/water binary solvent, we investigate the factors controlling the domain size of a SeedGel system by varying the particle concentration, solvent ratio, and quenching protocol. A phase diagram is identified to produce SeedGels for this model system. Our results indicate that by adjusting the sample composition, it is possible to realize bicontinuous domains with well-controlled repeating distances (periodicities). In addition, the effect of quenching rate on the domain size is systematically investigated, showing that it is a very sensitive parameter to control domain sizes. By further heating SeedGel up into the spinodal region, the structure evolution under high temperatures is also investigated and discussed. These results provide important insights into how to control bicontinuous structures in SeedGel systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyin Xi
- Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Juscelino B Leão
- Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Qiang Ye
- Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Ronald S Lankone
- Engineering Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Li-Piin Sung
- Engineering Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Yun Liu
- Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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31
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Xi Y, Lankone RS, Sung LP, Liu Y. Tunable thermo-reversible bicontinuous nanoparticle gel driven by the binary solvent segregation. Nat Commun 2021; 12:910. [PMID: 33568668 PMCID: PMC7876140 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20701-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Bicontinuous porous structures through colloidal assembly realized by non-equilibrium process is crucial to various applications, including water treatment, catalysis and energy storage. However, as non-equilibrium structures are process-dependent, it is very challenging to simultaneously achieve reversibility, reproducibility, scalability, and tunability over material structures and properties. Here, a novel solvent segregation driven gel (SeedGel) is proposed and demonstrated to arrest bicontinuous structures with excellent thermal structural reversibility and reproducibility, tunable domain size, adjustable gel transition temperature, and amazing optical properties. It is achieved by trapping nanoparticles into one of the solvent domains upon the phase separation of the binary solvent. Due to the universality of the solvent driven particle phase separation, SeedGel is thus potentially a generic method for a wide range of colloidal systems. Bicontinuous porous materials made by colloidal self-assemblies have many applications. Xi et al. utilize colloidal particles dispersed in a binary solvent to form thermo-reversible bicontinuous gel structures with good reproducibility and scalability, and tunable structural and optical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyin Xi
- Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899, USA.,Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Ronald S Lankone
- Engineering Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899, USA
| | - Li-Piin Sung
- Engineering Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899, USA
| | - Yun Liu
- Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899, USA. .,Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA. .,Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA.
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Zhang B, Xie S, Lodge TP, Bates FS. Phase Behavior of Diblock Copolymer–Homopolymer Ternary Blends with a Compositionally Asymmetric Diblock Copolymer. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c01745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Shuyi Xie
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Timothy P. Lodge
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Frank S. Bates
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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33
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Thünemann AF, Gruber A, Klinger D. Amphiphilic Nanogels: Fuzzy Spheres with a Pseudo-Periodic Internal Structure. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:10979-10988. [PMID: 32854501 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c01812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Amphiphilic polymer nanogels (NGs) are promising drug delivery vehicles that extend the application of conventional hydrophilic NGs to hydrophobic cargoes. By randomly introducing hydrophobic groups into a hydrophilic polymer network, loading and release profiles as well as surface characteristics of these colloids can be tuned. However, very little is known about the underlying internal structure of such complex colloidal architectures. Of special interest is the question how the amphiphilic network composition influences the internal morphology and the "fuzzy" surface structure. To shine light into the influence of varying network amphiphilicity on these structural features, we investigated a small library of water-swollen amphiphilic NGs using small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). It was found that overall hydrophilic NGs, consisting of pure poly(N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide) (PHPMA), display a disordered internal structure as indicated by the absence of a SAXS peak. In contrast, a SAXS peak is present for amphiphilic NGs with various amounts of incorporated hydrophobic groups such as cholesteryl (CHOLA) or dodecyl (DODA). The internal composition of the NGs is considered structurally homologous to microgels. Application of the Teubner-Strey model reveals that hydrophilic PHPMA NGs have a disordered internal structure (positive amphiphilicity factor) while CHOLA and DODA samples have an ordered internal structure (negative amphiphilicity factor). From the SAXS data it can be derived that the internal structure of the amphiphilic NGs consists of regularly alternating hydrophilic and hydrophobic domains with repeat distances of 3.45-5.83 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas F Thünemann
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Unter den Eichen 87, 12205 Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexandra Gruber
- Institute of Pharmacy (Pharmaceutical Chemistry), Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise Straße 2-4, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel Klinger
- Institute of Pharmacy (Pharmaceutical Chemistry), Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise Straße 2-4, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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34
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Peng J, Cantillo NM, Nelms KM, Roberts LS, Goenaga G, Imel A, Barth BA, Dadmun M, Heroux L, Hayes DG, Zawodzinski T. Electron Transfer in Microemulsion-Based Electrolytes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:40213-40219. [PMID: 32805803 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c07028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The use of flowing electrochemical reactors, for example, in redox flow batteries and in various electrosynthesis processes, is increasing. This technology has the potential to be of central significance in the increased deployment of renewable electricity for carbon-neutral processes. A key element of optimizing efficiency of electrochemical reactors is the combination of high solution conductivity and reagent solubility. Here, we show a substantial rate of charge transfer for an electrochemical reaction occurring in a microemulsion containing electroactive material is loaded inside the nonpolar (toluene) subphase of the microemulsion. The measured rate constant translates to an exchange current density comparable to that in redox flow batteries. The rate could be controlled by the surfactant, which maintains partitioning of reactants and products by forming an interfacial region with ions in the aqueous phase in close proximity. The hypothesized mechanism is evocative of membrane-bound enzymatic reactions. Achieving sufficient rates of electrochemical reaction is the product of an effort designed to establish a reaction condition that meets the requirements of electrochemical reactors using microemulsions to realize a separation of conducting and reactive elements of the solution, opening a door to the broad use of microemulsions to effect controlled electrochemical reactions as steps in more complex processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Peng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Nelly M Cantillo
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - K McKensie Nelms
- Department of Biosystems Engineering and Soil Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Lacey S Roberts
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Gabriel Goenaga
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Adam Imel
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Brian Andrew Barth
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Mark Dadmun
- Department of Biosystems Engineering and Soil Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Luke Heroux
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Douglas G Hayes
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
- Department of Biosystems Engineering and Soil Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Thomas Zawodzinski
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
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Schneider K, Verkoyen P, Krappel M, Gardiner C, Schweins R, Frey H, Sottmann T. Efficiency Boosting of Surfactants with Poly(ethylene oxide)-Poly(alkyl glycidyl ether)s: A New Class of Amphiphilic Polymers. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:9849-9866. [PMID: 32689803 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c01491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Twenty years ago, it was found that adding small amounts of amphiphilic block copolymers like poly(ethylene propylene)-co-poly(ethylene oxide) (PEP-b-PEO) to microemulsion systems strongly increases the efficiency of medium-chain surfactants to solubilize water and oil. Although being predestined to serve as a milestone in microemulsion research, the effect has only scarcely found its way into applications. In this work, we propose new types of efficiency boosters, namely, poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(alkyl glycidyl ether carbonate)s (PEO-b-PAlkGE) and their "carbonated" poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(carbonate alkyl glycidyl ether) analogs. Their synthesis via anionic ring-opening polymerization (AROP) from commercially available long-chain alkyl glycidyl ethers (AlkGE) and monomethoxypoly(ethylene glycol)s as macroinitiators can be performed at low cost and on a large scale. We demonstrate that these new PEO-b-PAlkGE copolymers with dodecyl and hexadecyl side chains in the nonpolar block strongly increase the efficiency of both pure and technical-grade n-alkyl polyglycol ether surfactants to form microemulsions containing pure n-alkanes or even technical-grade waxes, a result that could be of interest for industrial applications where reduced surfactant needs would have significant economic and ecological implications. For n-decane microemulsions, the boosting effect of PEO-b-PAlkGE and PEP-b-PEO polymers can be scaled on top of each other, when plotting the efficiency semilogarithmically versus the polymeric coverage of the amphiphilic film. Interestingly, a somewhat different scaling behavior was observed for n-octacosane microemulsions at elevated temperatures, suggesting that the polymers show less self-avoidance and rather behave as almost ideal chains. A similar trend was found for the increase of the bending rigidity κ upon polymeric coverage of the amphiphilic film, which was obtained from the analysis of small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Schneider
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Patrick Verkoyen
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Maximilian Krappel
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Christina Gardiner
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Ralf Schweins
- Institut Laue-Langevin, DS/LSS, 71 avenue des Martyrs, CS 20156, 38042 Grenoble CEDEX 9, France
| | - Holger Frey
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Sottmann
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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36
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Hampu N, Hillmyer MA. Molecular Engineering of Nanostructures in Disordered Block Polymers. ACS Macro Lett 2020; 9:382-388. [PMID: 35648549 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.0c00036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A series of symmetric poly(methyl methacrylate-stat-styrene)-block-polylactide (P(MMA-s-S)-b-PLA) diblock terpolymers with nearly constant molar masses yet varying block interaction parameters were synthesized as a model system to probe the extent and utility of composition fluctuations in the disordered state. A combination of differential scanning calorimetry, dynamic mechanical analysis, and small-angle X-ray scattering revealed that a broad range of segregation strengths ranging from what we ascribe to essentially a mean-field disordered to a fluctuating disordered to an ordered system could be readily obtained by tuning the molar fraction of styrene in these diblocks. The P(MMA-s-S)-b-PLA diblocks were annealed above their order-disorder transition temperatures (TODT) and rapidly quenched to low temperatures to trap the disordered state via vitrification, as confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. Small-angle X-ray scattering and N2 sorption analysis post-removal of PLA demonstrated that a transition from a very weakly structured, mean-field-like melt to a bicontinuous fluctuating disordered state occurred with increasing segregation strength. This work demonstrates that the extent of microphase segregation as well as the domain continuity of the disordered block polymer melt can be tuned using both synthetic design and thermal stimuli, guiding the design of disordered block polymers with targeted nanostructures that have potential technological utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Hampu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Marc A. Hillmyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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Miao S, Atkin R, Warr GG. Amphiphilic nanostructure in choline carboxylate and amino acid ionic liquids and solutions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:3490-3498. [PMID: 31990285 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp06752c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The liquid structures of six choline carboxylate/amino acid ionic liquids (bio-ILs) and their mixtures with water and various n-alkanols have been investigated by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). The ILs exhibit long-range amphiphilic nanostructure comprised of polar and apolar domains that can be controlled by choice of anion, and which is tolerant to water dilution. Mixtures with n-alkanols can lead to marked changes in domain size and ordering. Utilising the Teubner-Strey model, we find amphiphilicity factors in many of these mixtures are comparable to those observed in conventional microemulsions, and that cooperative assembly in bio-IL/alkanol mixtures can enhance amphiphilicity, with potential to improve performance in a range of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shurui Miao
- School of Chemistry and University of Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Rob Atkin
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Gregory G Warr
- School of Chemistry and University of Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
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Aubry JM, Ontiveros JF, Salager JL, Nardello-Rataj V. Use of the normalized hydrophilic-lipophilic-deviation (HLD N) equation for determining the equivalent alkane carbon number (EACN) of oils and the preferred alkane carbon number (PACN) of nonionic surfactants by the fish-tail method (FTM). Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 276:102099. [PMID: 31931276 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2019.102099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The standard HLD (Hydrophilic-Lipophilic-Deviation) equation expressing quantitatively the deviation from the "optimum formulation" of Surfactant/Oil/Water systems is normalized and simplified into a relation including only the three more meaningful formulation variables, namely (i) the "Preferred Alkane Carbon Number" PACN which expresses the amphiphilicity of the surfactant, (ii) the "Equivalent Alkane Carbon Number" EACN which accurately reflects the hydrophobicity of the oil and (iii) the temperature which has a strong influence on ethoxylated surfactants and is thus selected as an effective, continuous and reversible scanning variable. The PACN and EACN values, as well as the "temperature-sensitivity-coefficient"τ of surfactants are determined by reviewing available data in the literature for 17 nonionic n-alkyl polyglycol ether (CiEj) surfactants and 125 well-defined oils. The key information used is the so-called "fish-tail-temperature" T* which is a unique data point in true ternary CiEj/Oil/Water fish diagrams. The PACNs of CiEj surfactants are compared with other descriptors of their amphiphilicity, namely, the cloud point, the HLB number and the PIT-slope value. The EACNs of oils are rationalized by the Effective-Packing-Parameter concept and modelled thanks to the COSMO-RS theory.
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Mamusa M, Tempesti P, Bartolini A, Carretti E, Ghobadi AF, Smets J, Aouad YG, Baglioni P. Associative properties of poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(vinyl acetate) comb-like graft copolymers in water. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:6635-6643. [PMID: 30895975 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr10453k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The self-assembly of amphiphilic graft copolymers is generally reported for polymer melts or polymers deposited onto surfaces, while a small number of cases deal with binary mixtures with water. We report on the associative properties of poly(ethylene glycol)-graft-poly(vinyl acetate) (PEG-g-PVAc) comb-like copolymers in water, demonstrating the existence of a percolative behaviour when increasing the PEG-g-PVAc content. Rheology, light- and small-angle X-ray scattering experiments, together with dissipative particle dynamics simulations, reveal a progressive transition from spherical polymer single-chain nanoparticles (SCNPs) towards hierarchically complex structures as the weight fraction of the polymer in water increases. The ability of PEG-g-PVAc to attain different nano- and microstructures is of great importance in numerous applications such as in the fields of cosmetics, detergency and drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Mamusa
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" and CSGI, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy.
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Combined molecular dynamics (MD) and small angle scattering (SAS) analysis of organization on a nanometer-scale in ternary solvent solutions containing a hydrotrope. J Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 540:623-633. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.01.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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41
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Schneider K, Ott TM, Schweins R, Frielinghaus H, Lade O, Sottmann T. Phase Behavior and Microstructure of Symmetric Nonionic Microemulsions with Long-Chain n-Alkanes and Waxes. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.8b04833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Schneider
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Tim M. Ott
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Ralf Schweins
- Institut Laue-Langevin, DS/LSS, 71 avenue des Martyrs, CS 20156, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Henrich Frielinghaus
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science JCNS at Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Lichtenbergstraße 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Oliver Lade
- Clariant Produkte (Deutschland) GmbH, G 860, Industriepark Höchst, August-Laubenheimer Straße 1, 65929 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Thomas Sottmann
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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Mamusa M, Arroyo MC, Fratini E, Giorgi R, Baglioni P. Nonaqueous Microemulsion in the Bmim Tf 2N/Brij 30/ n-Nonane System: Structural Investigation and Application as Gold Nanoparticle Microreactor. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:12609-12618. [PMID: 30261725 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b02420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Microemulsions based on ionic liquids (ILs) are being increasingly studied in many different areas of physical chemistry because of the attractive properties of ILs. In particular, waterless microemulsions where the IL represents the polar phase can be of interest for those applications that demand the nanosegregation of polar substances, but in which the absence of water is a strict requirement. In this work, we prepared a reverse, nonaqueous microemulsion based on the low-viscosity room-temperature IL, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide , the surfactant Brij 30, and n-nonane. The systems were characterized by dynamic light scattering and small-angle X-ray scattering; the IL/oil microemulsion was further employed as a templating system for the synthesis of gold nanoparticles from hydrogen tetrachloroaurate(III), HAuCl4, by UV-photoreduction technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Mamusa
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" and CSGI , University of Florence , via della Lastruccia 3 , Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence , Italy
| | - Marcia C Arroyo
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" and CSGI , University of Florence , via della Lastruccia 3 , Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence , Italy
| | - Emiliano Fratini
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" and CSGI , University of Florence , via della Lastruccia 3 , Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence , Italy
| | - Rodorico Giorgi
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" and CSGI , University of Florence , via della Lastruccia 3 , Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence , Italy
| | - Piero Baglioni
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" and CSGI , University of Florence , via della Lastruccia 3 , Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence , Italy
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Monoolein-based nanoparticles for drug delivery to the central nervous system: A platform for lysosomal storage disorder treatment. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2018; 133:96-103. [PMID: 30315863 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2018.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Lysosomal Storage Disorders (LSDs) are characterized by an abnormal accumulation of substrates within the lysosome and comprise more than 50 genetic disorders with a frequency of 1:5000 live births. Nanotechnology may be a promising way to circumvent the drawbacks of the current therapies for lysosomal diseases. The blood circulation time and bioavailability of the enzymes or drugs could be improved by inserting them in nanocarriers, which could decrease and/or avoid the need of frequent intravenous infusions along with the minimization or elimination of associated immunogenic responses. Considering the exposed, we aimed to build monoolein-based nanoparticles stabilized by polysorbate 80 as a smart platform able to reach the central nervous system (CNS) to deliver drugs or enzymes inside lysosomes. We developed and characterized the nanoparticles by dynamic light scattering (DLS), small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (Cryo-TEM). The nanoparticles showed a diameter of 115 nm, which is compatible with in vivo application. The SAXS patterns of the formulations displayed a single broad correlation peak that was fitted to the Teubner-Strey model confirming that disordered bicontinuous structures were obtained. Cryo-TEM images corroborated this finding and showed nanoparticles with size values that are similar to those determined by DLS. Furthermore, the nanoparticles did not present cytotoxicity when they were incubated with human fibroblasts, and demonstrated hemolytic activity proportional to the negative control, proving to be safe for parenteral administration. Through the use of a fluorescent dye to track the nanoparticles inside the cell, we demonstrated that they reached lysosomes after 1 h of treatment. More interestingly, the fluorescent dye was detected in the CNS of mice just after 3 h of treatment. The nanoparticles show great potential to improve the treatment of LSDs with brain impairment, acting as a smart platform to targeted delivery of drugs or enzymes.
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Hayes DG, Pingali SV, O'Neill HM, Urban VS, Ye R. Observation of a structural gradient in Winsor-III microemulsion systems. SOFT MATTER 2018; 14:5270-5276. [PMID: 29892769 DOI: 10.1039/c8sm00322j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate here for the first time via small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) that the middle, bicontinuous microemulsion (BμE) phase of Winsor-III systems undergoes a gradual change of structure and composition in the vertical direction, contrary to the commonly held belief of uniform structure and composition. A vertical stage was deployed to enable precise alignment of a custom-designed rectangular cell containing the WIII system with respect to the neutron beam, allowing for several different vertical positions to be analyzed. For the water/AOT/CK-2,13 (two-tailed alkyl ethoxylate containing a 1,3-dioxolane linkage)/heptane Winsor-III system, the quasi-periodic repeat distance (d) and correlation length (ξ), obtained from the Teubner-Strey model applied to the SANS data, decreased and the surface area per volume of the surfactant monolayer (via Porod analysis) increased in the downward direction, trends that reflect an increase of surfactant concentration, consistent with the ultralow interfacial tension that often occurs for the lower liquid-liquid interface of many WIII systems. The water/sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)/1-pentanol/dodecane system shared the same trend with regard to d as observed for AOT/CK-2,13. In contrast, for SDS/pentanol, ξ increased and the amphiphilicity factor (fa) decreased in the downward direction, trends consistent with a decrease of cosurfactant (pentanol) concentration in the downward direction. Non-uniformity in the vertical direction has implications in the transport of solutes between WIII phases during the extractive purification of proteins or the removal of heavy metals and pollutants from wastewater, or the deposition of BμEs onto hydrophilic vs. hydrophobic surfaces as thin coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas G Hayes
- Department of Biosystems Engineering and Soil Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-4531, USA.
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Owoseni O, Zhang Y, Omarova M, Li X, Lal J, McPherson GL, Raghavan SR, Bose A, John VT. Microstructural characteristics of surfactant assembly into a gel-like mesophase for application as an oil spill dispersant. J Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 524:279-288. [PMID: 29655147 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.03.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2018] [Revised: 03/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monooleate (Tween 80) can be incorporated into the gel-like phase formed by L-α-phosphatidylcholine (PC) and dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt (DOSS) for potential application as a gel-like dispersant for oil spill treatment. Such gel-like dispersants offer advantages over existing liquid dispersants for mitigating oil spill impacts. EXPERIMENTS Crude oil-in-saline water emulsions stabilized by the surfactant system were characterized by optical microscopy and turbidity measurements while interfacial tensions were measured by the spinning drop and pendant drop techniques. The microstructure of the gel-like surfactant mesophase was elucidated using small angle neutron scattering (SANS), cryo scanning electron microscopy (cryo-SEM), and 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. FINDINGS The gel-like phase consisting of PC, DOSS and Tween 80 is positively buoyant on water and breaks down on contact with floating crude oil layers to release the surfactant components. The surfactant mixture effectively lowers the crude oil-saline water interfacial tension to the 10-2 mN/m range, producing stable crude oil-in-saline water emulsions with an average droplet size of about 7.81 µm. Analysis of SANS, cryo-SEM and NMR spectroscopy data reveals that the gel-like mesophase has a lamellar microstructure that transition from rolled lamellar sheets to onion-like, multilamellar structures with increasing Tween 80 content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olasehinde Owoseni
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA
| | - Yueheng Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA
| | - Marzhana Omarova
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA
| | - Xin Li
- Louisiana Consortium for Neutron Scattering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Jyotsana Lal
- Louisiana Consortium for Neutron Scattering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Gary L McPherson
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA
| | - Srinivasa R Raghavan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Arijit Bose
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Vijay T John
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA.
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46
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Truong PV, Shingleton S, Kammoun M, Black RL, Charendoff M, Willis C, Ardebili H, Stein GE. Structure and Properties of Sulfonated Pentablock Terpolymer Films as a Function of Wet–Dry Cycles. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b00194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Stacy Shingleton
- Kraton Performance
Polymers, Inc., 16400 Park Row, Houston, Texas 77084, United States
| | | | - Rephayah L. Black
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Tennessee at Knoxville, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Marc Charendoff
- Kraton Performance
Polymers, Inc., 16400 Park Row, Houston, Texas 77084, United States
| | - Carl Willis
- Kraton Performance
Polymers, Inc., 16400 Park Row, Houston, Texas 77084, United States
| | | | - Gila E. Stein
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Tennessee at Knoxville, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
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Cabry CP, D’Andrea L, Shimizu K, Grillo I, Li P, Rogers S, Bruce DW, Canongia Lopes JN, Slattery JM. Exploring the bulk-phase structure of ionic liquid mixtures using small-angle neutron scattering. Faraday Discuss 2018; 206:265-289. [DOI: 10.1039/c7fd00167c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Small-angle neutron scattering experiments, supported by molecular dynamics simulations, have been performed on a range of compositions of the [C2mim]1−x[C12mim]x[Tf2N] ionic liquid mixture system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lucía D’Andrea
- Department of Chemistry
- University of York
- York YO10 5DD
- UK
| | - Karina Shimizu
- Centro de Química Estrutural
- IST
- Universidade de Lisboa
- 1049-001 Lisboa
- Portugal
| | | | - Peixun Li
- ISIS
- Science & Technology Facilities Council
- Rutherford Appleton Laboratory
- UK
| | - Sarah Rogers
- ISIS
- Science & Technology Facilities Council
- Rutherford Appleton Laboratory
- UK
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48
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Hayes DG, Ye R, Dunlap RN, Anunciado DB, Pingali SV, O'Neill HM, Urban VS. Bicontinuous microemulsions as a biomembrane mimetic system for melittin. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2017; 1860:624-632. [PMID: 29138064 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2017.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides effectively kill antibiotic-resistant bacteria by forming pores in prokaryotes' biomembranes via penetration into the biomembranes' interior. Bicontinuous microemulsions, consisting of interdispersed oil and water nanodomains separated by flexible surfactant monolayers, are potentially valuable for hosting membrane-associated peptides and proteins due to their thermodynamic stability, optical transparency, low viscosity, and high interfacial area. Here, we show that bicontinuous microemulsions formed by negatively-charged surfactants are a robust biomembrane mimetic system for the antimicrobial peptide melittin. When encapsulated in bicontinuous microemulsions formed using three-phase (Winsor-III) systems, melittin's helicity increases greatly due to penetration into the surfactant monolayers, mimicking its behavior in biomembranes. But, the threshold melittin concentration required to achieve these trends is lower for the microemulsions. The extent of penetration was decreased when the interfacial fluidity of the microemulsions was increased. These results suggest the utility of bicontinuous microemulsions for isolation, purification, delivery, and host systems for antimicrobial peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas G Hayes
- Department of Biosystems Engineering and Soil Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-4531, USA.
| | - Ran Ye
- Department of Biosystems Engineering and Soil Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-4531, USA
| | - Rachel N Dunlap
- Biology & Soft Matter Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6475, USA
| | - Divina B Anunciado
- Biology & Soft Matter Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6475, USA
| | - Sai Venkatesh Pingali
- Biology & Soft Matter Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6475, USA
| | - Hugh M O'Neill
- Biology & Soft Matter Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6475, USA
| | - Volker S Urban
- Biology & Soft Matter Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6475, USA.
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Kang T, Qian S, Smith GS, Do C, Heller WT. Small-angle neutron scattering study of a dense microemulsion system formed with an ionic liquid. SOFT MATTER 2017; 13:7154-7160. [PMID: 28895963 DOI: 10.1039/c7sm01516j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Mixtures of water, octane and 1-octanol with 1-tetradecyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (C14MIM·Cl), often referred to as a surface active ionic liquid (SAIL), form water-in-oil microemulsions that have potential application as extraction media for various metal ions. Here, we present a structural study by small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) of dense microemulsions formed by surfactant-rich mixtures of these four compounds to understand how the SAIL can be used to tune the structures and properties of the microemulsions. The SANS experiments revealed that the microemulsions formed are composed of two phases, a water-in-oil microemulsion and a bicontinuous microemulsion, which becomes the dominant phase at high surfactant concentration. In this concentration regime, the surfactant film becomes more rigid, having a higher bending modulus that results from the parallel stacking of the imidazolium ring of the SAIL. At lower surfactant concentrations, the molecular packing of the SAIL does not change with the water content of the microemulsion. The results presented here correlate well with previously observed changes in the interaction between the IL cation and metal ions (Y. Tong, L. Han and Y. Yang, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 2012, 51, 16438-16443), while the capacity of the microemulsion system for water remains high enough for using the system as an extraction medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kang
- Biology and Soft Matter Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA.
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Hayes DG, Ye R, Dunlap RN, Cuneo MJ, Pingali SV, O'Neill HM, Urban VS. Protein extraction into the bicontinuous microemulsion phase of a Water/SDS/pentanol/dodecane winsor-III system: Effect on nanostructure and protein conformation. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2017; 160:144-153. [PMID: 28922633 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2017.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2017] [Revised: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Bicontinuous microemulsions (BμEs), consisting of water and oil nanodomains separated by surfactant monolayers of near-zero curvature, are potentially valuable systems for purification and delivery of biomolecules, for hosting multiphasic biochemical reactions, and as templating media for preparing nanomaterials. We formed Winsor-III systems by mixing aqueous protein and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) solutions with dodecane and 1-pentanol (cosurfactant) to efficiently extract proteins into the middle (BμE) phase. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) and cytochrome c partitioned to the BμE phase at 64% and 81% efficiency, respectively, producing highly concentrated protein solutions (32 and 44gL-1, respectively), through release of water and oil from the BμEs. Circular dichroism spectroscopic analysis demonstrated that BSA underwent minor secondary structural changes upon incorporation into BμEs, while the secondary structure of cytochrome c and pepsin underwent major changes. Small-angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) results show that proteins promoted an increase of the interfacial fluidity and surface area per volume for the BμE surfactant monolayers, and that each protein uniquely altered self-assembly in the Winsor-III systems. Cytochrome c partitioned via electrostatic attractions between SDS and the protein's positively-charged groups, residing near the surfactant head groups of BμE monolayers, where it decreased surfactant packing efficiency. BSA partitioned through formation of SDS-BSA complexes via hydrophobic and electrostatic attractive interactions. As the BSA-SDS ratio increased, complexes' partitioning favored BμEs over the oil excess phase due to the increased hydrophilicity of the complexes. This study demonstrates the potential utility of BμEs to purify proteins and prepare nanostructured fluids possessing high protein concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas G Hayes
- Department of Biosystems Engineering and Soil Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-4531 USA.
| | - Ran Ye
- Department of Biosystems Engineering and Soil Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-4531 USA
| | - Rachel N Dunlap
- Department of Biosystems Engineering and Soil Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-4531 USA; Biology & Soft Matter Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6475, USA
| | - Matthew J Cuneo
- Biology & Soft Matter Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6475, USA
| | - Sai Venkatesh Pingali
- Biology & Soft Matter Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6475, USA
| | - Hugh M O'Neill
- Biology & Soft Matter Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6475, USA
| | - Volker S Urban
- Biology & Soft Matter Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6475, USA
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