1
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Voss J. Machine learning for accuracy in density functional approximations. J Comput Chem 2024; 45:1829-1845. [PMID: 38668453 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.27366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
Machine learning techniques have found their way into computational chemistry as indispensable tools to accelerate atomistic simulations and materials design. In addition, machine learning approaches hold the potential to boost the predictive power of computationally efficient electronic structure methods, such as density functional theory, to chemical accuracy and to correct for fundamental errors in density functional approaches. Here, recent progress in applying machine learning to improve the accuracy of density functional and related approximations is reviewed. Promises and challenges in devising machine learning models transferable between different chemistries and materials classes are discussed with the help of examples applying promising models to systems far outside their training sets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Voss
- SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, USA
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2
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Sahoo SJ, Xu Q, Lei X, Staros D, Iyer GR, Rubenstein B, Suryanarayana P, Medford AJ. Self-Consistent Convolutional Density Functional Approximations: Application to Adsorption at Metal Surfaces. Chemphyschem 2024; 25:e202300688. [PMID: 38421371 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202300688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
The exchange-correlation (XC) functional in density functional theory is used to approximate multi-electron interactions. A plethora of different functionals are available, but nearly all are based on the hierarchy of inputs commonly referred to as "Jacob's ladder." This paper introduces an approach to construct XC functionals with inputs from convolutions of arbitrary kernels with the electron density, providing a route to move beyond Jacob's ladder. We derive the variational derivative of these functionals, showing consistency with the generalized gradient approximation (GGA), and provide equations for variational derivatives based on multipole features from convolutional kernels. A proof-of-concept functional, PBEq, which generalizes the PBE α ${\alpha }$ framework with α ${\alpha }$ being a spatially-resolved function of the monopole of the electron density, is presented and implemented. It allows a single functional to use different GGAs at different spatial points in a system, while obeying PBE constraints. Analysis of the results underlines the importance of error cancellation and the XC potential in data-driven functional design. After testing on small molecules, bulk metals, and surface catalysts, the results indicate that this approach is a promising route to simultaneously optimize multiple properties of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Qimen Xu
- Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA
- National Supercomputing Center, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Daniel Staros
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI
| | - Gopal R Iyer
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI
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3
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Avagliano D, Skreta M, Arellano-Rubach S, Aspuru-Guzik A. DELFI: a computer oracle for recommending density functionals for excited states calculations. Chem Sci 2024; 15:4489-4503. [PMID: 38516092 PMCID: PMC10952086 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc06440a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Density functional theory (DFT) is the workhorse of computational quantum chemistry. One of its main limitations is that choosing the right functional is a non-trivial task left for human experts. The choice is particularly hard for excited state calculations when using its time-dependent formulation (TD-DFT). This is due to the approximations of the method, but also because the photophysical properties of a molecule are defined by a manifold of states that all need to be properly described. This includes not only the relative energy of the states, but also capturing the correct character, order, and intensity of the transitions. In this work, we developed a neural network to recommend functionals to be used on molecules for TD-DFT calculations, by simultaneously considering all these properties for a manifold of states. This was possible by developing a scoring system to define the accuracy of an excited state's calculation against a higher-accuracy reference. The scoring system is generalizable to any level of theory; we here applied it to evaluate the performance of common functionals of different rungs against a higher accuracy method on a large set of organic molecules. The results are collected in a database that we released and made open, providing four million data points to the community for future applications. The scoring system assigns a value between zero and one hundred to each functional for each molecule, transforming the complicated task of learning photophysical properties into a simpler regression task. We used the dataset to train a graph attention neural network to predict the scores for unseen molecules. We call this oracle DELFI (Data-driven EvaLuation of Functionals by Inference), which can be used to quickly screen and predict the ranking of functionals to calculate the optical properties of organic molecules. We validated DELFI in two in silico experiments: choosing a common functional for a series of spiropyran-merocyanine isomers and a unique functional to screen a large dataset of over 50 000 organic photovoltaic molecules, for which an extensive benchmark would be unfeasible. A corresponding web application allows DELFI to be easily run and the results to be analyzed, alleviating the hurdle of choosing the right functional for TD-DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Avagliano
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto 80 St. George Street Toronto ON M5S 3H6 Canada
- Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto 40 St. George Street Toronto ON M5S 2E4 Canada
| | - Marta Skreta
- Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto 40 St. George Street Toronto ON M5S 2E4 Canada
- Vector Institute for Artificial Intelligence 661 University Ave. Suite 710 ON M5G 1M1 Toronto Canada
| | | | - Alán Aspuru-Guzik
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto 80 St. George Street Toronto ON M5S 3H6 Canada
- Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto 40 St. George Street Toronto ON M5S 2E4 Canada
- Vector Institute for Artificial Intelligence 661 University Ave. Suite 710 ON M5G 1M1 Toronto Canada
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Toronto 184 College St Toronto M5S 3E4 Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto 200 College St ON M5S 3E5 Toronto Canada
- Lebovic Fellow, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR) 66118 University Ave. M5G 1M1 Toronto Canada
- Acceleration Consortium 80 St George St M5S 3H6 Toronto Canada
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4
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Mortensen JJ, Larsen AH, Kuisma M, Ivanov AV, Taghizadeh A, Peterson A, Haldar A, Dohn AO, Schäfer C, Jónsson EÖ, Hermes ED, Nilsson FA, Kastlunger G, Levi G, Jónsson H, Häkkinen H, Fojt J, Kangsabanik J, Sødequist J, Lehtomäki J, Heske J, Enkovaara J, Winther KT, Dulak M, Melander MM, Ovesen M, Louhivuori M, Walter M, Gjerding M, Lopez-Acevedo O, Erhart P, Warmbier R, Würdemann R, Kaappa S, Latini S, Boland TM, Bligaard T, Skovhus T, Susi T, Maxson T, Rossi T, Chen X, Schmerwitz YLA, Schiøtz J, Olsen T, Jacobsen KW, Thygesen KS. GPAW: An open Python package for electronic structure calculations. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:092503. [PMID: 38450733 DOI: 10.1063/5.0182685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
We review the GPAW open-source Python package for electronic structure calculations. GPAW is based on the projector-augmented wave method and can solve the self-consistent density functional theory (DFT) equations using three different wave-function representations, namely real-space grids, plane waves, and numerical atomic orbitals. The three representations are complementary and mutually independent and can be connected by transformations via the real-space grid. This multi-basis feature renders GPAW highly versatile and unique among similar codes. By virtue of its modular structure, the GPAW code constitutes an ideal platform for the implementation of new features and methodologies. Moreover, it is well integrated with the Atomic Simulation Environment (ASE), providing a flexible and dynamic user interface. In addition to ground-state DFT calculations, GPAW supports many-body GW band structures, optical excitations from the Bethe-Salpeter Equation, variational calculations of excited states in molecules and solids via direct optimization, and real-time propagation of the Kohn-Sham equations within time-dependent DFT. A range of more advanced methods to describe magnetic excitations and non-collinear magnetism in solids are also now available. In addition, GPAW can calculate non-linear optical tensors of solids, charged crystal point defects, and much more. Recently, support for graphics processing unit (GPU) acceleration has been achieved with minor modifications to the GPAW code thanks to the CuPy library. We end the review with an outlook, describing some future plans for GPAW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Jørgen Mortensen
- CAMD, Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Ask Hjorth Larsen
- CAMD, Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Mikael Kuisma
- CAMD, Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Aleksei V Ivanov
- Riverlane Ltd., St Andrews House, 59 St Andrews Street, Cambridge CB2 3BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Alireza Taghizadeh
- CAMD, Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Andrew Peterson
- School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | - Anubhab Haldar
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Asmus Ougaard Dohn
- Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark and Science Institute and Faculty of Physical Sciences, VR-III, University of Iceland, Reykjavík 107, Iceland
| | - Christian Schäfer
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Elvar Örn Jónsson
- Science Institute and Faculty of Physical Sciences, University of Iceland, VR-III, 107 Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Eric D Hermes
- Quantum-Si, 29 Business Park Drive, Branford, Connecticut 06405, USA
| | | | - Georg Kastlunger
- CatTheory, Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Gianluca Levi
- Science Institute and Faculty of Physical Sciences, University of Iceland, VR-III, 107 Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Hannes Jónsson
- Science Institute and Faculty of Physical Sciences, University of Iceland, VR-III, 107 Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Hannu Häkkinen
- Departments of Physics and Chemistry, Nanoscience Center, University of Jyväskylä, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Jakub Fojt
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jiban Kangsabanik
- CAMD, Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Joachim Sødequist
- CAMD, Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jouko Lehtomäki
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 11100, 00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Julian Heske
- CAMD, Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jussi Enkovaara
- CSC-IT Center for Science Ltd., P.O. Box 405, FI-02101 Espoo, Finland
| | - Kirsten Trøstrup Winther
- SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Marcin Dulak
- CAMD, Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Marko M Melander
- Department of Chemistry, Nanoscience Center, University of Jyväskylä, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Martin Ovesen
- CAMD, Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Martti Louhivuori
- CSC-IT Center for Science Ltd., P.O. Box 405, FI-02101 Espoo, Finland
| | - Michael Walter
- FIT Freiburg Centre for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies, University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Morten Gjerding
- CAMD, Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Olga Lopez-Acevedo
- Biophysics of Tropical Diseases, Max Planck Tandem Group, University of Antioquia UdeA, 050010 Medellin, Colombia
| | - Paul Erhart
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Robert Warmbier
- School of Physics and Mandelstam Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of the Witwatersrand, 1 Jan Smuts Avenue, 2001 Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Rolf Würdemann
- Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum, Universität Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Straße 21, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sami Kaappa
- Computational Physics Laboratory, Tampere University, P.O. Box 692, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - Simone Latini
- Nanomade, Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Tara Maria Boland
- CAMD, Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Thomas Bligaard
- Department of Energy Conversion and Storage, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Thorbjørn Skovhus
- CAMD, Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Toma Susi
- Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, Boltzmanngasse 5, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Tristan Maxson
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, USA
| | - Tuomas Rossi
- CSC-IT Center for Science Ltd., P.O. Box 405, FI-02101 Espoo, Finland
| | - Xi Chen
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | | | - Jakob Schiøtz
- CAMD, Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Thomas Olsen
- CAMD, Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
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Bai Y, Taarning E, Luthra M, Lundegaard LF, Katerinopoulou A, Falsig H, Nova A, Martinez-Espin JS. Tracking Lattice Distortion Induced by Defects and Framework Tin in Beta Zeotypes. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2023; 127:19278-19289. [PMID: 39092204 PMCID: PMC11290454 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.3c04751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
The use of powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) coupled with lattice parameter refinement is used to investigate the crystal structure of Sn-Beta materials. A newly developed semiempirical PXRD model with a reduced tetragonal unit cell is applied to obtain the characteristic crystallographic features. There is a robust correlation between lattice parameters and the concentration of tin and defects for materials prepared via hydrothermal (HT) and postsynthetic (PT) methods. With tin incorporation, PT Sn-Beta samples, which possess a more defective structure, exhibit an extended interlayer distance in the stacking sequence and expansion of the translation symmetry within the layers, leading to larger unit cell dimensions. In contrast, HT Sn-Beta samples, having fewer defects, show a minimal effect of tin site density on the unit cell volume, whereas lattice distortion is directly correlated to the framework tin density. Furthermore, density functional theory (DFT) studies support an identical trend of lattice distortion following the monoisomorphous substitution of T sites from silicon to tin. These findings highlight that PXRD can serve as a rapid and straightforward characterization method to evaluate both framework defects and heteroatom density, offering a novel approach to monitor structural changes and the possibility to evaluate the catalytic properties of heteroatom-incorporated zeotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfei Bai
- Topsoe
A/S, Haldor Topso̷es Allé 1, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
- Aarhus
University, Nordre Ringgade
1, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Esben Taarning
- Topsoe
A/S, Haldor Topso̷es Allé 1, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Mahika Luthra
- Hylleraas
Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences, Centre for Materials Science
and Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, Blindern, 0315 Oslo, Norway
| | | | | | - Hanne Falsig
- Topsoe
A/S, Haldor Topso̷es Allé 1, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Ainara Nova
- Hylleraas
Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences, Centre for Materials Science
and Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, Blindern, 0315 Oslo, Norway
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6
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Villot C, Huang T, Lao KU. Accurate prediction of global-density-dependent range-separation parameters based on machine learning. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:044103. [PMID: 37486048 DOI: 10.1063/5.0157340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, we develop an accurate and efficient XGBoost machine learning model for predicting the global-density-dependent range-separation parameter, ωGDD, for long-range corrected functional (LRC)-ωPBE. This ωGDDML model has been built using a wide range of systems (11 466 complexes, ten different elements, and up to 139 heavy atoms) with fingerprints for the local atomic environment and histograms of distances for the long-range atomic correlation for mapping the quantum mechanical range-separation values. The promising performance on the testing set with 7046 complexes shows a mean absolute error of 0.001 117 a0-1 and only five systems (0.07%) with an absolute error larger than 0.01 a0-1, which indicates the good transferability of our ωGDDML model. In addition, the only required input to obtain ωGDDML is the Cartesian coordinates without electronic structure calculations, thereby enabling rapid predictions. LRC-ωPBE(ωGDDML) is used to predict polarizabilities for a series of oligomers, where polarizabilities are sensitive to the asymptotic density decay and are crucial in a variety of applications, including the calculations of dispersion corrections and refractive index, and surpasses the performance of all other popular density functionals except for the non-tuned LRC-ωPBE. Finally, LRC-ωPBE (ωGDDML) combined with (extended) symmetry-adapted perturbation theory is used in calculating noncovalent interactions to further show that the traditional ab initio system-specific tuning procedure can be bypassed. The present study not only provides an accurate and efficient way to determine the range-separation parameter for LRC-ωPBE but also shows the synergistic benefits of fusing the power of physically inspired density functional LRC-ωPBE and the data-driven ωGDDML model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corentin Villot
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284, USA
| | - Tong Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284, USA
| | - Ka Un Lao
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284, USA
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7
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Lambor SM, Kasiraju S, Vlachos DG. CKineticsDB─An Extensible and FAIR Data Management Framework and Datahub for Multiscale Modeling in Heterogeneous Catalysis. J Chem Inf Model 2023; 63:4342-4354. [PMID: 37436913 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.3c00123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
A great advantage of computational research is its reproducibility and reusability. However, an enormous amount of computational research data in heterogeneous catalysis is barricaded due to logistical limitations. Sufficient provenance and characterization of data and computational environment, with uniform organization and easy accessibility, can allow the development of software tools for integration across the multiscale modeling workflow. Here, we develop the Chemical Kinetics Database, CKineticsDB, a state-of-the-art datahub for multiscale modeling, designed to be compliant with the FAIR guiding principles for scientific data management. CKineticsDB utilizes a MongoDB back-end for extensibility and adaptation to varying data formats, with a referencing-based data model to reduce redundancy in storage. We have developed a Python software program for data processing operations and with built-in features to extract data for common applications. CKineticsDB evaluates the incoming data for quality and uniformity, retains curated information from simulations, enables accurate regeneration of publication results, optimizes storage, and allows the selective retrieval of files based on domain-relevant catalyst and simulation parameters. CKineticsDB provides data from multiple scales of theory (ab initio calculations, thermochemistry, and microkinetic models) to accelerate the development of new reaction pathways, kinetic analysis of reaction mechanisms, and catalysis discovery, along with several data-driven applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddhant M Lambor
- RAPID Manufacturing Institute, Delaware Energy Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Sashank Kasiraju
- RAPID Manufacturing Institute, Delaware Energy Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Dionisios G Vlachos
- RAPID Manufacturing Institute, Delaware Energy Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Catalysis Center for Energy Innovation (CCEI), University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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8
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Morgante P, Peverati R. Comparison of the Performance of Density Functional Methods for the Description of Spin States and Binding Energies of Porphyrins. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28083487. [PMID: 37110720 PMCID: PMC10146789 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28083487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This work analyzes the performance of 250 electronic structure theory methods (including 240 density functional approximations) for the description of spin states and the binding properties of iron, manganese, and cobalt porphyrins. The assessment employs the Por21 database of high-level computational data (CASPT2 reference energies taken from the literature). Results show that current approximations fail to achieve the "chemical accuracy" target of 1.0 kcal/mol by a long margin. The best-performing methods achieve a mean unsigned error (MUE) <15.0 kcal/mol, but the errors are at least twice as large for most methods. Semilocal functionals and global hybrid functionals with a low percentage of exact exchange are found to be the least problematic for spin states and binding energies, in agreement with the general knowledge in transition metal computational chemistry. Approximations with high percentages of exact exchange (including range-separated and double-hybrid functionals) can lead to catastrophic failures. More modern approximations usually perform better than older functionals. An accurate statistical analysis of the results also casts doubts on some of the reference energies calculated using multireference methods. Suggestions and general guidelines for users are provided in the conclusions. These results hopefully stimulate advances for both the wave function and the density functional side of electronic structure calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierpaolo Morgante
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Florida Institute of Technology, 150 W. University Blvd., Melbourne, FL 32901, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
| | - Roberto Peverati
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Florida Institute of Technology, 150 W. University Blvd., Melbourne, FL 32901, USA
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9
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Lawes N, Gow IE, Smith LR, Aggett KJ, Hayward JS, Kabalan L, Logsdail AJ, Slater TJA, Dearg M, Morgan DJ, Dummer NF, Taylor SH, Bowker M, Catlow CRA, Hutchings GJ. Methanol synthesis from CO 2 and H 2 using supported Pd alloy catalysts. Faraday Discuss 2023; 242:193-211. [PMID: 36189732 DOI: 10.1039/d2fd00119e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
A number of Pd based materials have been synthesised and evaluated as catalysts for the conversion of carbon dioxide and hydrogen to methanol, a useful platform chemical and hydrogen storage molecule. Monometallic Pd catalysts show poor methanol selectivity, but this is improved through the formation of Pd alloys, with both PdZn and PdGa alloys showing greatly enhanced methanol productivity compared with monometallic Pd/Al2O3 and Pd/TiO2 catalysts. Catalyst characterisation shows that the 1 : 1 β-PdZn alloy is present in all Zn containing post-reaction samples, including PdZn/Ga2O3, with the Pd2Ga alloy formed for the Pd/Ga2O3 sample. The heat of mixing was calculated for a variety of alloy compositions with high values determined for both PdZn and Pd2Ga alloys, at ca. -0.6 eV per atom and ca. -0.8 eV per atom, respectively. However, ZnO is more readily reduced than Ga2O3, providing a possible explanation for the preferential formation of the PdZn alloy, rather than PdGa, when in the presence of Ga2O3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi Lawes
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK.
| | - Isla E Gow
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK.
| | - Louise R Smith
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK.
| | - Kieran J Aggett
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK.
| | - James S Hayward
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK.
| | - Lara Kabalan
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK.
| | - Andrew J Logsdail
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK.
| | - Thomas J A Slater
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK.
| | - Malcolm Dearg
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK.
| | - David J Morgan
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK.
| | - Nicholas F Dummer
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK.
| | - Stuart H Taylor
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK.
| | - Michael Bowker
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK.
| | - C Richard A Catlow
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK.
| | - Graham J Hutchings
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK.
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10
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Sparrow ZM, Ernst BG, Quady TK, DiStasio RA. Uniting Nonempirical and Empirical Density Functional Approximation Strategies Using Constraint-Based Regularization. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:6896-6904. [PMID: 35863751 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c00643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we present a general framework that unites the two primary strategies for constructing density functional approximations (DFAs): nonempirical (NE) constraint satisfaction and empirical (E) data-driven optimization. The proposed method employs B-splines, bell-shaped spline functions with compact support, to construct each inhomogeneity correction factor (ICF). This choice offers several distinct advantages over traditional polynomial expansions by enabling explicit enforcement of linear and nonlinear constraints as well as ICF smoothness using Tikhonov and penalized B-splines (P-splines) regularization. As proof-of-concept, we use the so-called CASE (constrained and smoothed empirical) framework to construct a constraint-satisfying and data-driven global hybrid that exhibits enhanced performance across a diverse set of chemical properties. We argue that the CASE approach can be used to generate DFAs that maintain the physical rigor and transferability of NE-DFAs while leveraging high-quality quantum-mechanical data to remove the arbitrariness of ansatz selection and improve performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary M Sparrow
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Brian G Ernst
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Trine K Quady
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Robert A DiStasio
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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11
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J. Medford
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | | | - Karsten Wedel Jacobsen
- CAMD, Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby DK-2800, Denmark
| | - Andrew A. Peterson
- School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
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12
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Kovacs P, Tran F, Blaha P, Madsen G. What is the optimal mGGA exchange functional for solids? J Chem Phys 2022; 157:094110. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0098787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The space of GGA and mGGA exchange approximations is systematically explored bytraining 25 new functionals to produce accurate lattice parameter, cohesive energy andband gap predictions. The trained functionals are used to reproduce previous knowledge ina data-driven way and to understand the accuracy tradeoff between the mentioned proper-ties. The functionals are compared to notable mGGA functionals to analyze how changesin the enhancement factor maps influence the accuracy of the predictions. Some of thetrained functionals are found to perform on par with specialized functionals for band gaps,while outperforming them on the other two properties. The error surface of our trainedfunctionals can serve as a soft-limit of what mGGA functionals can achieve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Kovacs
- Vienna University of Technology Faculty of Technical Chemistry, Austria
| | - Fabien Tran
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, Vienna University of Technology, Austria
| | - Peter Blaha
- Materials Chemistry, Vienna University of Technology Faculty of Technical Chemistry, Austria
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13
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Liang J, Feng X, Hait D, Head-Gordon M. Revisiting the Performance of Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory for Electronic Excitations: Assessment of 43 Popular and Recently Developed Functionals from Rungs One to Four. J Chem Theory Comput 2022; 18:3460-3473. [PMID: 35533317 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.2c00160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, the performance of more than 40 popular or recently developed density functionals is assessed for the calculation of 463 vertical excitation energies against the large and accurate QuestDB benchmark set. For this purpose, the Tamm-Dancoff approximation offers a good balance between computational efficiency and accuracy. The functionals ωB97X-D and BMK are found to offer the best performance overall with a root-mean square error (RMSE) of around 0.27 eV, better than the computationally more demanding CIS(D) wave function method with a RMSE of 0.36 eV. The results also suggest that Jacob's ladder still holds for time-dependent density functional theory excitation energies, though hybrid meta generalized-gradient approximations (meta-GGAs) are not generally better than hybrid GGAs. Effects of basis set convergence, gauge invariance correction to meta-GGAs, and nonlocal correlation (VV10) are also studied, and practical basis set recommendations are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiashu Liang
- Kenneth S. Pitzer Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Xintian Feng
- Q-Chem Inc., Pleasanton, California 94588, United States
| | - Diptarka Hait
- Kenneth S. Pitzer Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Martin Head-Gordon
- Kenneth S. Pitzer Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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14
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Bowker M, Lawes N, Gow I, Hayward J, Esquius JR, Richards N, Smith LR, Slater TJA, Davies TE, Dummer NF, Kabalan L, Logsdail A, Catlow RC, Taylor S, Hutchings GJ. The Critical Role of βPdZn Alloy in Pd/ZnO Catalysts for the Hydrogenation of Carbon Dioxide to Methanol. ACS Catal 2022; 12:5371-5379. [PMID: 35557711 PMCID: PMC9087181 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c00552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The rise in atmospheric
CO2 concentration and the concomitant
rise in global surface temperature have prompted massive research
effort in designing catalytic routes to utilize CO2 as
a feedstock. Prime among these is the hydrogenation of CO2 to make methanol, which is a key commodity chemical intermediate,
a hydrogen storage molecule, and a possible future fuel for transport
sectors that cannot be electrified. Pd/ZnO has been identified as
an effective candidate as a catalyst for this reaction, yet there
has been no attempt to gain a fundamental understanding of how this
catalyst works and more importantly to establish specific design criteria
for CO2 hydrogenation catalysts. Here, we show that Pd/ZnO
catalysts have the same metal particle composition, irrespective of
the different synthesis procedures and types of ZnO used here. We
demonstrate that all of these Pd/ZnO catalysts exhibit the same activity
trend. In all cases, the β-PdZn 1:1 alloy is produced and dictates
the catalysis. This conclusion is further supported by the relationship
between conversion and selectivity and their small variation with
ZnO surface area in the range 6–80 m2g–1. Without alloying with Zn, Pd is a reverse water-gas shift catalyst
and when supported on alumina and silica is much less active for CO2 conversion to methanol than on ZnO. Our approach is applicable
to the discovery and design of improved catalysts for CO2 hydrogenation and will aid future catalyst discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Bowker
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
- Catalyst Hub, RCAH, Rutherford Appleton Lab, Harwell, Oxford, Didcot OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Naomi Lawes
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Isla Gow
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - James Hayward
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan Ruiz Esquius
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
- now at: Clean Energy Cluster, International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Av. Mestre José Veiga, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
| | - Nia Richards
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Louise R. Smith
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas J. A. Slater
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
- Electron Physical Sciences Imaging Centre, Diamond Light Source Ltd., Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas E Davies
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas F. Dummer
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Lara Kabalan
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Logsdail
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Richard C. Catlow
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
- Catalyst Hub, RCAH, Rutherford Appleton Lab, Harwell, Oxford, Didcot OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Stuart Taylor
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Graham J Hutchings
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
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15
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Kowalec I, Kabalan L, Catlow CRA, Logsdail AJ. A computational study of direct CO 2 hydrogenation to methanol on Pd surfaces. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:9360-9373. [PMID: 35383806 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp01019d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The reaction mechanism of direct CO2 hydrogenation to methanol is investigated in detail on Pd (111), (100) and (110) surfaces using density functional theory (DFT), supporting investigations into emergent Pd-based catalysts. Hydrogen adsorption and surface mobility are firstly considered, with high-coordination surface sites having the largest adsorption energy and being connected by diffusion channels with low energy barriers. Surface chemisorption of CO2, forming a partially charged CO2δ-, is weakly endothermic on a Pd (111) whilst slightly exothermic on Pd (100) and (110), with adsorption enthalpies of 0.09, -0.09 and -0.19 eV, respectively; the low stability of CO2δ- on the Pd (111) surface is attributed to negative charge accumulating on the surface Pd atoms that interact directly with the CO2δ- adsorbate. Detailed consideration for sequential hydrogenation of the CO2 shows that HCOOH hydrogenation to H2COOH would be the rate determining step in the conversion to methanol, for all surfaces, with activation barriers of 1.41, 1.51, and 0.84 eV on Pd (111), (100) and (110) facets, respectively. The Pd (110) surface exhibits overall lower activation energies than the most studied Pd (111) and (100) surfaces, and therefore should be considered in more detail in future Pd catalytic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Kowalec
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK.
| | - Lara Kabalan
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK.
| | - C Richard A Catlow
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK. .,UK Catalysis Hub, Research Complex at Harwell, RAL, Oxford, OX11 0FA, UK.,Department of Chemistry, University College London, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Andrew J Logsdail
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK.
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16
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Pernot P. The long road to calibrated prediction uncertainty in computational chemistry. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:114109. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0084302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Uncertainty quantification (UQ) in computational chemistry (CC) is still in its infancy. Very few CC methods are designed to provide a confidence level on their predictions, and most users still rely improperly on the mean absolute error as an accuracy metric. The development of reliable UQ methods is essential, notably for CC to be used confidently in industrial processes. A review of the CC-UQ literature shows that there is no common standard procedure to report or validate prediction uncertainty. I consider here analysis tools using concepts (calibration and sharpness) developed in meteorology and machine learning for the validation of probabilistic forecasters. These tools are adapted to CC-UQ and applied to datasets of prediction uncertainties provided by composite methods, Bayesian ensembles methods, and machine learning and a posteriori statistical methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Pernot
- Institut de Chimie Physique, UMR8000 CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay, France
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17
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Trends in oxygenate/hydrocarbon selectivity for electrochemical CO (2) reduction to C 2 products. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1399. [PMID: 35302055 PMCID: PMC8931056 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29140-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The electrochemical conversion of carbon di-/monoxide into commodity chemicals paves a way towards a sustainable society but it also presents one of the great challenges in catalysis. Herein, we present the trends in selectivity towards specific dicarbon oxygenate/hydrocarbon products from carbon monoxide reduction on transition metal catalysts, with special focus on copper. We unveil the distinctive role of electrolyte pH in tuning the dicarbon oxygenate/hydrocarbon selectivity. The understanding is based on density functional theory calculated energetics and microkinetic modeling. We identify the critical reaction steps determining selectivity and relate their transition state energies to two simple descriptors, the carbon and hydroxide binding strengths. The atomistic insight gained enables us to rationalize a number of experimental observations and provides avenues towards the design of selective electrocatalysts for liquid fuel production from carbon di-/monoxide.
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18
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Bystrom K, Kozinsky B. CIDER: An Expressive, Nonlocal Feature Set for Machine Learning Density Functionals with Exact Constraints. J Chem Theory Comput 2022; 18:2180-2192. [PMID: 35235322 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.1c00904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Machine learning (ML) has recently gained attention as a means to develop more accurate exchange-correlation (XC) functionals for density functional theory, but functionals developed thus far need to be improved on several metrics, including accuracy, numerical stability, and transferability across chemical space. In this work, we introduce a set of nonlocal features of the density called the CIDER formalism, which we use to train a Gaussian process model for the exchange energy that obeys the critical uniform scaling rule for exchange. The resulting CIDER exchange functional is significantly more accurate than any semilocal functional tested here, and it has good transferability across main-group molecules. This work therefore serves as an initial step toward more accurate exchange functionals, and it also introduces useful techniques for developing robust, physics-informed XC models via ML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle Bystrom
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Boris Kozinsky
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
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19
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Wang J, Zhang D, Xu RX, Yam C, Chen G, Zheng X. Improving Density Functional Prediction of Molecular Thermochemical Properties with a Machine-Learning-Corrected Generalized Gradient Approximation. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:970-978. [PMID: 35113552 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c10491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The past decade has seen an increasing interest in designing sophisticated density functional approximations (DFAs) by integrating the power of machine learning (ML) techniques. However, application of the ML-based DFAs is often confined to simple model systems. In this work, we construct an ML correction to the widely used Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof (PBE) functional by establishing a semilocal mapping from the electron density and reduced gradient to the exchange-correlation energy density. The resulting ML-corrected PBE is immediately applicable to any real molecule and yields significantly improved heats of formation while preserving the accuracy for other thermochemical and kinetic properties. This work highlights the prospect of combining the power of data-driven ML methods with physics-inspired derivations for reaching the heaven of chemical accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- JingChun Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale & Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - DaDi Zhang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Rui-Xue Xu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale & Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - ChiYung Yam
- Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing 100193, China
| | - GuanHua Chen
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiao Zheng
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale & Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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20
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Kovács P, Tran F, Hanbury A, Madsen GKH. Similarity Clustering for Representative Sets of Inorganic Solids for Density Functional Testing. J Chem Theory Comput 2022; 18:441-447. [PMID: 34919396 PMCID: PMC8757462 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.1c00536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Benchmarking DFT functionals is complicated since the results highly depend on which properties and materials were used in the process. Unwanted biases can be introduced if a data set contains too many examples of very similar materials. We show that a clustering based on the distribution of density gradient and kinetic energy density is able to identify groups of chemically distinct solids. We then propose a method to create smaller data sets or rebalance existing data sets in a way that no region of the meta-GGA descriptor space is overrepresented, yet the new data set reproduces average errors of the original set as closely as possible. We apply the method to an existing set of 44 inorganic solids and suggest a representative set of seven solids. The representative sets generated with this method can be used to make more general benchmarks or to train new functionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Péter Kovács
- Institute
of Materials Chemistry, Technical University
of Vienna, Getreidemarkt 9/165-TC, A-1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Fabien Tran
- Institute
of Materials Chemistry, Technical University
of Vienna, Getreidemarkt 9/165-TC, A-1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Allan Hanbury
- Institute
for Information Systems Engineering, Technical
University of Vienna, Favoritenstrasse 9-11/194, A-1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Georg K. H. Madsen
- Institute
of Materials Chemistry, Technical University
of Vienna, Getreidemarkt 9/165-TC, A-1060 Vienna, Austria
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21
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Reiher
- ETH Zürich, Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2 8093 Zürich Switzerland
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22
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Brown K, Maimaiti Y, Trepte K, Bligaard T, Voss J. MCML: Combining physical constraints with experimental data for a multi-purpose meta-generalized gradient approximation. J Comput Chem 2021; 42:2004-2013. [PMID: 34406661 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.26732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The predictive power of density functional theory for materials properties can be improved without increasing the overall computational complexity by extending the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) for electronic exchange and correlation to density functionals depending on the electronic kinetic energy density in addition to the charge density and its gradient, resulting in a meta-GGA. Here, we propose an empirical meta-GGA model that is based both on physical constraints and on experimental and quantum chemistry reference data. The resulting optimized meta-GGA MCML yields improved surface and gas phase reaction energetics without sacrificing the accuracy of bulk property predictions of existing meta-GGA approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristopher Brown
- SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, USA.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Yasheng Maimaiti
- SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, USA.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Kai Trepte
- SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, USA
| | - Thomas Bligaard
- Department of Energy Conversion and Storage, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Johannes Voss
- SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, USA
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23
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Duan C, Chen S, Taylor MG, Liu F, Kulik HJ. Machine learning to tame divergent density functional approximations: a new path to consensus materials design principles. Chem Sci 2021; 12:13021-13036. [PMID: 34745533 PMCID: PMC8513898 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc03701c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Virtual high-throughput screening (VHTS) with density functional theory (DFT) and machine-learning (ML)-acceleration is essential in rapid materials discovery. By necessity, efficient DFT-based workflows are carried out with a single density functional approximation (DFA). Nevertheless, properties evaluated with different DFAs can be expected to disagree for cases with challenging electronic structure (e.g., open-shell transition-metal complexes, TMCs) for which rapid screening is most needed and accurate benchmarks are often unavailable. To quantify the effect of DFA bias, we introduce an approach to rapidly obtain property predictions from 23 representative DFAs spanning multiple families, “rungs” (e.g., semi-local to double hybrid) and basis sets on over 2000 TMCs. Although computed property values (e.g., spin state splitting and frontier orbital gap) differ by DFA, high linear correlations persist across all DFAs. We train independent ML models for each DFA and observe convergent trends in feature importance, providing DFA-invariant, universal design rules. We devise a strategy to train artificial neural network (ANN) models informed by all 23 DFAs and use them to predict properties (e.g., spin-splitting energy) of over 187k TMCs. By requiring consensus of the ANN-predicted DFA properties, we improve correspondence of computational lead compounds with literature-mined, experimental compounds over the typically employed single-DFA approach. Machine learning (ML)-based feature analysis reveals universal design rules regardless of density functional choices. Using the consensus among multiple functionals, we identify robust lead complexes in ML-accelerated chemical discovery.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenru Duan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 USA +1-617-253-4584.,Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Shuxin Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 USA +1-617-253-4584.,Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Michael G Taylor
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 USA +1-617-253-4584
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 USA +1-617-253-4584
| | - Heather J Kulik
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 USA +1-617-253-4584
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24
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Bhattacharjee H, Anesiadis N, Vlachos DG. Regularized machine learning on molecular graph model explains systematic error in DFT enthalpies. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14372. [PMID: 34257362 PMCID: PMC8277863 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93854-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A major goal of materials research is the discovery of novel and efficient heterogeneous catalysts for various chemical processes. In such studies, the candidate catalyst material is modeled using tens to thousands of chemical species and elementary reactions. Density Functional Theory (DFT) is widely used to calculate the thermochemistry of these species which might be surface species or gas-phase molecules. The use of an approximate exchange correlation functional in the DFT framework introduces an important source of error in such models. This is especially true in the calculation of gas phase molecules whose thermochemistry is calculated using the same planewave basis set as the rest of the surface mechanism. Unfortunately, the nature and magnitude of these errors is unknown for most practical molecules. Here, we investigate the error in the enthalpy of formation for 1676 gaseous species using two different DFT levels of theory and the ‘ground truth values’ obtained from the NIST database. We featurize molecules using graph theory. We use a regularized algorithm to discover a sparse model of the error and identify important molecular fragments that drive this error. The model is robust to rigorous statistical tests and is used to correct DFT thermochemistry, achieving more than an order of magnitude improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himaghna Bhattacharjee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark, DE, 19716, USA.,RAPID Manufacturing Institute and Delaware Energy Institute (DEI), 221 Academy Street, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Nikolaos Anesiadis
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College St., Toronto, ON, M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Dionisios G Vlachos
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark, DE, 19716, USA. .,RAPID Manufacturing Institute and Delaware Energy Institute (DEI), 221 Academy Street, Newark, DE, 19716, USA.
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25
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Blomberg MRA. The importance of exact exchange-A methodological investigation of NO reduction in heme-copper oxidases. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:055103. [PMID: 33557557 DOI: 10.1063/5.0035634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Significant improvements of the density functional theory (DFT) methodology during the past few decades have made DFT calculations a powerful tool in studies of enzymatic reaction mechanisms. For metalloenzymes, however, there are still concerns about the reliability in the DFT-results. Therefore, a systematic study is performed where the fraction of exact exchange in a hybrid DFT functional is used as a parameter. By varying this parameter, a set of different but related functionals are obtained. The various functionals are applied to one of the reactions occurring in the enzyme family heme-copper oxidases, the reduction of nitric oxide (NO) to nitrous oxide (N2O) and water. The results show that, even though certain parts of the calculated energetics exhibit large variations, the qualitative pictures of the reaction mechanisms are quite stable. Furthermore, it is found that the functional with 15% exact exchange (B3LYP*) gives the best agreement with experimental data for the particular reactions studied. An important aspect of the procedure used is that the computational results are carefully combined with a few more general experimental data to obtain a complete description of the entire catalytic cycle of the reactions studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margareta R A Blomberg
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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26
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Veccham SP, Head-Gordon M. Assessment of Performance of Density Functionals for Predicting Potential Energy Curves in Hydrogen Storage Applications. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:4245-4257. [PMID: 33951911 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c01041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The availability of accurate computational tools for modeling and simulation is vital to accelerate the discovery of materials capable of storing hydrogen (H2) under given parameters of pressure swing and temperature. Previously, we compiled the H2Bind275 data set consisting of equilibrium geometries and assessed the performance of 55 density functionals over this data set (Veccham, S. P.; Head-Gordon, M. J. Chem. Theory Comput. 2020, 16, 4963-4982). As it is crucial for computational tools to accurately model the entire potential energy curve (PEC), in addition to the equilibrium geometry, we extended this data set with 389 new data points to include two compressed and three elongated geometries along 78 PECs for H2 binding, forming the H2Bind78 × 7 data set. By assessing the performance of 55 density functionals on this significantly larger and more comprehensive H2Bind78 × 7 data set, we identified the best performing density functionals for H2 binding applications: PBE0-DH, ωB97X-V, ωB97M-V, and DSD-PBEPBE-D3(BJ). The addition of Hartree-Fock exchange improves the performance of density functionals, albeit not uniformly throughout the PEC. We recommend the usage of ωB97X-V and ωB97M-V density functionals as they offer good performance for both geometries and energies. In addition, we also identified B97M-V and B97M-rV as the best semilocal density functionals for predicting H2 binding energy at its equilibrium geometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srimukh Prasad Veccham
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Martin Head-Gordon
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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27
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Smeets EF, Kroes GJ. Performance of Made Simple Meta-GGA Functionals with rVV10 Nonlocal Correlation for H 2 + Cu(111), D 2 + Ag(111), H 2 + Au(111), and D 2 + Pt(111). THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2021; 125:8993-9010. [PMID: 34084265 PMCID: PMC8162760 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.0c11034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Accurately modeling heterogeneous catalysis requires accurate descriptions of rate-controlling elementary reactions of molecules on metal surfaces, but standard density functionals (DFs) are not accurate enough for this. The problem can be solved with the specific reaction parameter approach to density functional theory (SRP-DFT), but the transferability of SRP DFs among chemically related systems is limited. We combine the MS-PBEl, MS-B86bl, and MS-RPBEl semilocal made simple (MS) meta-generalized gradient approximation (GGA) (mGGA) DFs with rVV10 nonlocal correlation, and we evaluate their performance for the hydrogen (H2) + Cu(111), deuterium (D2) + Ag(111), H2 + Au(111), and D2 + Pt(111) gas-surface systems. The three MS mGGA DFs that have been combined with rVV10 nonlocal correlation were not fitted to reproduce particular experiments, nor has the b parameter present in rVV10 been reoptimized. Of the three DFs obtained the MS-PBEl-rVV10 DF yields an excellent description of van der Waals well geometries. The three original MS mGGA DFs gave a highly accurate description of the metals, which was comparable in quality to that obtained with the PBEsol DF. Here, we find that combining the three original MS mGGA DFs with rVV10 nonlocal correlation comes at the cost of a slightly less accurate description of the metal. However, the description of the metal obtained in this way is still better than the descriptions obtained with SRP DFs specifically optimized for individual systems. Using the Born-Oppenheimer static surface (BOSS) model, simulations of molecular beam dissociative chemisorption experiments yield chemical accuracy for the D2 + Ag(111) and D2 + Pt(111) systems. A comparison between calculated and measured E 1/2(ν, J) parameters describing associative desorption suggests chemical accuracy for the associative desorption of H2 from Au(111) as well. Our results suggest that ascending Jacob's ladder to the mGGA rung yields increasingly more accurate results for gas-surface reactions of H2 (D2) interacting with late transition metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Egidius
W. F. Smeets
- Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden
Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Geert-Jan Kroes
- Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden
Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
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28
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Kroes GJ. Computational approaches to dissociative chemisorption on metals: towards chemical accuracy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:8962-9048. [PMID: 33885053 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp00044f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We review the state-of-the-art in the theory of dissociative chemisorption (DC) of small gas phase molecules on metal surfaces, which is important to modeling heterogeneous catalysis for practical reasons, and for achieving an understanding of the wealth of experimental information that exists for this topic, for fundamental reasons. We first give a quick overview of the experimental state of the field. Turning to the theory, we address the challenge that barrier heights (Eb, which are not observables) for DC on metals cannot yet be calculated with chemical accuracy, although embedded correlated wave function theory and diffusion Monte-Carlo are moving in this direction. For benchmarking, at present chemically accurate Eb can only be derived from dynamics calculations based on a semi-empirically derived density functional (DF), by computing a sticking curve and demonstrating that it is shifted from the curve measured in a supersonic beam experiment by no more than 1 kcal mol-1. The approach capable of delivering this accuracy is called the specific reaction parameter (SRP) approach to density functional theory (DFT). SRP-DFT relies on DFT and on dynamics calculations, which are most efficiently performed if a potential energy surface (PES) is available. We therefore present a brief review of the DFs that now exist, also considering their performance on databases for Eb for gas phase reactions and DC on metals, and for adsorption to metals. We also consider expressions for SRP-DFs and briefly discuss other electronic structure methods that have addressed the interaction of molecules with metal surfaces. An overview is presented of dynamical models, which make a distinction as to whether or not, and which dissipative channels are modeled, the dissipative channels being surface phonons and electronically non-adiabatic channels such as electron-hole pair excitation. We also discuss the dynamical methods that have been used, such as the quasi-classical trajectory method and quantum dynamical methods like the time-dependent wave packet method and the reaction path Hamiltonian method. Limits on the accuracy of these methods are discussed for DC of diatomic and polyatomic molecules on metal surfaces, paying particular attention to reduced dimensionality approximations that still have to be invoked in wave packet calculations on polyatomic molecules like CH4. We also address the accuracy of fitting methods, such as recent machine learning methods (like neural network methods) and the corrugation reducing procedure. In discussing the calculation of observables we emphasize the importance of modeling the properties of the supersonic beams in simulating the sticking probability curves measured in the associated experiments. We show that chemically accurate barrier heights have now been extracted for DC in 11 molecule-metal surface systems, some of which form the most accurate core of the only existing database of Eb for DC reactions on metal surfaces (SBH10). The SRP-DFs (or candidate SRP-DFs) that have been derived show transferability in many cases, i.e., they have been shown also to yield chemically accurate Eb for chemically related systems. This can in principle be exploited in simulating rates of catalyzed reactions on nano-particles containing facets and edges, as SRP-DFs may be transferable among systems in which a molecule dissociates on low index and stepped surfaces of the same metal. In many instances SRP-DFs have allowed important conclusions regarding the mechanisms underlying observed experimental trends. An important recent observation is that SRP-DFT based on semi-local exchange DFs has so far only been successful for systems for which the difference of the metal work function and the molecule's electron affinity exceeds 7 eV. A main challenge to SRP-DFT is to extend its applicability to the other systems, which involve a range of important DC reactions of e.g. O2, H2O, NH3, CO2, and CH3OH. Recent calculations employing a PES based on a screened hybrid exchange functional suggest that the road to success may be based on using exchange functionals of this category.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geert-Jan Kroes
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands.
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29
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Hait D, Liang YH, Head-Gordon M. Too big, too small, or just right? A benchmark assessment of density functional theory for predicting the spatial extent of the electron density of small chemical systems. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:074109. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0038694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Diptarka Hait
- Kenneth S. Pitzer Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Yu Hsuan Liang
- Kenneth S. Pitzer Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Martin Head-Gordon
- Kenneth S. Pitzer Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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30
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Chan B, Luo Y, Kimura M. Hydride Affinities for Main-Group Hydride Reductants: Assessment of Density Functionals and Trends in Reactivities. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:835-842. [PMID: 33449696 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c10543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we have examined hydride affinities relevant to a range of group 13 and group 14 reductants. We use the high-level W1X-G0, G4(MP2)-XK, and DSD-PBEP86 methods to obtain the RHA42 set of accurate reductant hydride affinities. Assessment of DFT methods with the RHA42 set shows that all functionals that we have examined are fairly accurate. Overall, we find ωB97X-V to be the most accurate. The MN12-SX screened-exchange functional and the nonhybrid B97-D3BJ method also perform well, and they may provide a lower-cost means for obtaining hydride affinities. The trend in the hydride affinities suggests an increased reducing power when one moves down the periodic table, e.g., with TlH3 being a stronger reductant than BH3. We also find that group 13 hydrides are stronger reductants than the group 13 analogues. In general, substitution of a hydrogen, e.g., BH2+ → BHMe+, and the formation of dimer, e.g., BH2+ → B2H5+, also lead to stronger reductants. A notable observation is the small hydride affinities for silyl cations, which are indicative of the potential of silanes as strong reducing agents. In particular, poly(methylhydrosiloxane) (PMHS) cations are associated with especially small hydride affinities owing to the presence of intramolecular oxygen atoms that can stabilize the cation center. We have further found the germanium analogues of the silanes to be more reactive, and they may further widen the scope of main-group hydride reducing agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bun Chan
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagasaki University, Bunkyo 1-14, Nagasaki-shi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Ying Luo
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagasaki University, Bunkyo 1-14, Nagasaki-shi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Masanari Kimura
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagasaki University, Bunkyo 1-14, Nagasaki-shi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
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31
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GABRIEL JOSHUAJ, PAULSON NOAHH, DUONG THIENC, TAVAZZA FRANCESCA, BECKER CHANDLERA, CHAUDHURI SANTANU, STAN MARIUS. Uncertainty Quantification in Atomistic Modeling of Metals and Its Effect on Mesoscale and Continuum Modeling: A Review. JOM (WARRENDALE, PA. : 1989) 2021; 73:10.1007/s11837-020-04436-6. [PMID: 34511862 PMCID: PMC8431950 DOI: 10.1007/s11837-020-04436-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The design of next-generation alloys through the integrated computational materials engineering (ICME) approach relies on multiscale computer simulations to provide thermodynamic properties when experiments are difficult to conduct. Atomistic methods such as density functional theory (DFT) and molecular dynamics (MD) have been successful in predicting properties of never before studied compounds or phases. However, uncertainty quantification (UQ) of DFT and MD results is rarely reported due to computational and UQ methodology challenges. Over the past decade, studies that mitigate this gap have emerged. These advances are reviewed in the context of thermodynamic modeling and information exchange with mesoscale methods such as the phase-field method (PFM) and calculation of phase diagrams (CALPHAD). The importance of UQ is illustrated using properties of metals, with aluminum as an example, and highlighting deterministic, frequentist, and Bayesian methodologies. Challenges facing routine uncertainty quantification and an outlook on addressing them are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- JOSHUA J. GABRIEL
- Applied Materials Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - NOAH H. PAULSON
- Applied Materials Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - THIEN C. DUONG
- Energy and Global Security, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - FRANCESCA TAVAZZA
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
| | - CHANDLER A. BECKER
- Office of Data and Informatics, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
| | - SANTANU CHAUDHURI
- Manufacturing Science and Engineering, Energy and Global Security, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
- Civil, Materials, and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - MARIUS STAN
- Applied Materials Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
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32
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Kabalan L, Kowalec I, Catlow CRA, Logsdail AJ. A computational study of the properties of low- and high-index Pd, Cu and Zn surfaces. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:14649-14661. [PMID: 34212951 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp01602d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report a detailed Density Functional Theory (DFT) based investigation of the structure and stability of bulk and surface structures for the Group 10-12 elements Pd, Cu and Zn, considering the effect of the choice of exchange-correlation density functional and computation parameters. For the initial bulk structures, the lattice parameter and cohesive energy are calculated, which are then augmented by calculation of surface energies and work functions for the lower-index surfaces. Of the 22 density functionals considered, we highlight the mBEEF density functional as providing the best overall agreement with experimental data. The optimal density functional choice is applied to the study of higher index surfaces for the three metals, and Wulff constructions performed for nanoparticles with a radius of 11 nm, commensurate with nanoparticle sizes commonly employed in catalytic chemistry. For Pd and Cu, the low-index (111) facet is dominant in the constructed nanoparticles, covering ∼50% of the surface, with (100) facets covering a further 10 to 25%; however, non-negligible coverage from higher index (332), (332) and (210) facets is also observed for Pd, and (322), (221) and (210) surfaces are observed for Cu. In contrast, only the (0001) and (10-10) facets are observed for Zn. Overall, our results highlight the need for careful validation of computational settings before performing extensive density functional theory investigations of surface properties and nanoparticle structures of metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Kabalan
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, Wales, UK.
| | - Igor Kowalec
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, Wales, UK.
| | - C Richard A Catlow
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, Wales, UK. and Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK and UK Catalysis Hub, Research Complex at Harwell, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, OX11 OFA, UK
| | - Andrew J Logsdail
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, Wales, UK.
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33
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Zöllner MS, Saghatchi A, Mujica V, Herrmann C. Influence of Electronic Structure Modeling and Junction Structure on First-Principles Chiral Induced Spin Selectivity. J Chem Theory Comput 2020; 16:7357-7371. [PMID: 33167619 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.0c00621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We have carried out a comprehensive study of the influence of electronic structure modeling and junction structure description on the first-principles calculation of the spin polarization in molecular junctions caused by the chiral induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect. We explore the limits and the sensitivity to modeling decisions of a Landauer/Green's function/two-component density functional theory approach to CISS. We find that although the CISS effect is entirely attributed in the literature to molecular spin filtering, spin-orbit coupling being partially inherited from the metal electrodes plays an important role in our calculations on ideal carbon helices, even though this effect cannot explain the experimental conductance results. Its magnitude depends considerably on the shape, size, and material of the metal clusters modeling the electrodes. Also, a pronounced dependence on the specific description of exchange interaction and spin-orbit coupling is manifest in our approach. This is important because the interplay between exchange effects and spin-orbit coupling may play an important role in the description of the junction magnetic response. Our calculations are relevant for the whole field of spin-polarized electron transport and electron transfer, because there is still an open discussion in the literature about the detailed underlying mechanism and the magnitude of physical parameters that need to be included to achieve a consistent description of the CISS effect: seemingly good quantitative agreement between simulation and the experiment can be caused by error compensation, because spin polarization as contained in a Landauer/Green's function/two-component density functional theory approach depends strongly on computational and structural parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aida Saghatchi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hamburg, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Vladimiro Mujica
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1604, United States.,Kimika Fakultatea, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea and Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Donostia, Euskadi P.K. 1072, 20080, Spain
| | - Carmen Herrmann
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hamburg, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
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34
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Savara A, Walker EA. CheKiPEUQ Intro 1: Bayesian Parameter Estimation Considering Uncertainty or Error from both Experiments and Theory**. ChemCatChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202000953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Savara
- Surface Chemistry and Catalysis group Oak Ridge National Laboratory 1 Bethel Valley Road Oak Ridge TN 37830 USA
| | - Eric A. Walker
- Institute for Computational and Data Sciences Chemical and Biological Engineering University at Buffalo Buffalo NY 14260 USA
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35
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Veccham SP, Head-Gordon M. Density Functionals for Hydrogen Storage: Defining the H2Bind275 Test Set with Ab Initio Benchmarks and Assessment of 55 Functionals. J Chem Theory Comput 2020; 16:4963-4982. [PMID: 32603109 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.0c00292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Efficient and high-capacity storage materials are indispensable for a hydrogen-based economy. In silico tools can accelerate the process of discovery of new adsorbent materials with optimal hydrogen adsorption enthalpies. Density functional theory is well-poised to become a very useful tool for enabling high-throughput screening of potential materials. In this work, we have identified density functional approximations that provide good performance for hydrogen binding applications following a two-pronged approach. First, we have compiled a data set (H2Bind275) that comprehensively represents the hydrogen binding problem capturing the chemical and mechanistic diversity in the binding sites encountered in hydrogen storage materials. We have also computed reference interaction energies for this data set using coupled-cluster theory. Second, we have assessed the performance of 55 density functional approximations for predicting H2 interaction energies and have identified two hybrid density functionals (ωB97X-V and ωB97M-V), two double hybrid density functionals (DSD-PBEPBE-D3(BJ) and PBE0-DH), and one semilocal density functional (B97M-V) as the best performing ones. We have recommended the addition of empirical dispersion corrections to systematically underbinding density functionals such as revPBE, BLYP, and B3LYP for improvements in performance at negligible additional cost. We have also recommended the usage of the def2-TZVPP basis set as it represents a good compromise between accuracy and cost, limiting the finite basis set errors to less than 1 kJ/mol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srimukh Prasad Veccham
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Martin Head-Gordon
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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36
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Vargas−Hernández RA. Bayesian Optimization for Calibrating and Selecting Hybrid-Density Functional Models. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:4053-4061. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c01375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. A. Vargas−Hernández
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
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37
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Catalysis at Metal/Oxide Interfaces: Density Functional Theory and Microkinetic Modeling of Water Gas Shift at Pt/MgO Boundaries. Top Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11244-020-01257-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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38
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Wella SA, Hamamoto Y, Iskandar F, Suprijadi, Morikawa Y, Hamada I. Atomic and molecular adsorption on single platinum atom at the graphene edge: A density functional theory study. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:104707. [PMID: 32171202 DOI: 10.1063/5.0002902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a density functional theory study of atomic and molecular adsorption on a single Pt atom deposited at the edges of graphene. We investigate geometric and electronic structures of atoms (H, C, N, and O) and molecules (O2, CO, OH, NO, H2O, and OOH) on a variety of Pt deposited graphene edges and compare the adsorption states with those on a Pt(111) surface and on a Pt single atom. Furthermore, using the calculated adsorption energy and simple kinetic models, the catalytic activities of a Pt single-atom catalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction and CO oxidation are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasfan Arman Wella
- Department of Precision Science and Technology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1, Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuji Hamamoto
- Department of Precision Science and Technology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1, Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ferry Iskandar
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - Suprijadi
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - Yoshitada Morikawa
- Department of Precision Science and Technology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1, Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ikutaro Hamada
- Department of Precision Science and Technology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1, Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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39
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Chen J, Chan B, Shao Y, Ho J. How accurate are approximate quantum chemical methods at modelling solute-solvent interactions in solvated clusters? Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:3855-3866. [PMID: 32022044 PMCID: PMC7394230 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp06792b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, the performance of a wide range of DFT methods is assessed for the calculation of interaction energies of thermal clusters of a solute in water. Three different charge states (neutral, proton transfer transition state and zwitterion) of glycine were solvated by 1 to 40 water molecules as sampled from molecular dynamics simulations. While some ab initio composite methods that employ insufficiently large basis sets incurred significant errors even for a cluster containing only 5 water molecules relative to the W1X-2 benchmark, the DLPNO-CCSD(T)/CBS and DSD-PBEP86 (triple zeta basis set) levels of theory predicted very accurate interaction energies. These levels of theory were used to benchmark the performance of 16 density functionals from different rungs of Jacob's Ladder. Of the Rung 4 functionals examined, the ωB97M-V and ωB97X-V functionals stood out for predicting absolute interaction energies in 40-water clusters with mean absolute deviations (MAD) ∼4 kJ mol-1. The B3LYP-D3(BJ) functional performed exceptionally well with a MAD ∼1.7 kJ mol-1 and is the overall best performing method. Calculations of relative interaction energies allow for cancellation of systematic errors, including basis set truncation and superposition errors, and the ωB97M-V and B3LYP-D3(BJ) double zeta basis set calculations yielded relative interaction energies that are within ∼3 kJ mol-1 of the benchmark. The ONIOM approximation provides another strategy for accelerating the calculation of accurate absolute interaction energies provided that the calculations have converged with respect to the size of the "high-level-layer".
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Affiliation(s)
- Junbo Chen
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
| | - Bun Chan
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagasaki University, Bunkyo-Machi 1-14, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan.
| | - Yihan Shao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, USA
| | - Junming Ho
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
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40
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Brunken C, Reiher M. Self-Parametrizing System-Focused Atomistic Models. J Chem Theory Comput 2020; 16:1646-1665. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.9b00855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Brunken
- Laboratory for Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Markus Reiher
- Laboratory for Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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41
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Chan B. Aqueous-Phase Conformations of Lactose, Maltose, and Sucrose and the Assessment of Low-Cost DFT Methods with the DSCONF Set of Conformers for the Three Disaccharides. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:582-590. [PMID: 31927999 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b10932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we have examined a range of quantum chemistry methods for the calculation of conformers for lactose, maltose, and sucrose. We find that the DSD-PBE-P86/aug'-cc-pVTZ//B3-LYP-D3BJ/6-311+G(2d,p) protocol yields good relative energies in comparison with reference CCSD(T)/CBS//B3-LYP-D3BJ/maug-cc-pVTZ values. We have surveyed a total of ∼550 conformers for the three disaccharides with the chosen DSD-PBE-P86 method in conjunction with continuum aqueous solvation. In each case, the lowest free energy conformer is characterized by hydrogen bond(s) between the two rings. Another finding is that the major contributors to the overall variations in aqueous free energies are the electronic energies and the solvation energies. To facilitate investigations of larger systems, we have compiled the DSCONF set of conformers for the three disaccharides, and we have assessed lower cost methods with this set. We find MS1-D3/6-31+G(2d,p) to be cost-effective and accurate for both geometry optimization and the calculation of relative energies for disaccharides. In addition, we note that MS1-D3 has previously been found to yield good relative energies for the WATER27 set of water clusters. We thus deem this method to be appropriate for the study of saccharide conformations in both gas phase and aqueous solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bun Chan
- Graduate School of Engineering , Nagasaki University , Bunkyo 1-14 , Nagasaki 852-8521 , Japan
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42
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Lonsdale DR, Goerigk L. The one-electron self-interaction error in 74 density functional approximations: a case study on hydrogenic mono- and dinuclear systems. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:15805-15830. [PMID: 32458849 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp01275k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The self-interaction error (SIE), i.e. unphysical interactions of electrons with themselves, has plagued developers and users of Density Functional Approximations (DFAs) since the inception of Density Functional Theory (DFT). Formally, it can be separated into the one-electron and many-electron SIE; herein we present one of the most comprehensive studies of the first. While we focus mostly on the total SIE, we also make use of two different decompositions. The first is a separation into functional and density-driven errors as championed by Sim, Burke and co-workers [J. Phys. Chem. Lett., 2018, 9, 6385-6392]; the second separates the error into exchange, correlation, and one-electron components, with the latter being a density error that has not been discussed in this form before. After investigating the familiar hydrogen atom and dihydrogen cation, we establish a relationship between the SIE and the nuclear charge with the help of a series of heavier hydrogenic analogues. For the mononuclear systems and the diatomics at the dissociation limit, this relationship is linear in nature with prominent exceptions, mostly belonging to the Minnesota and range-separated (double-)hybrid DFAs. For the first time, we also show how the magnitude of the SIE depends on the underlying atomic-orbital basis set and how DFAs that rely on a popular van-der-Waals DFT type London-dispersion term exhibit "self-dispersion". We find that range separation is not a panacea for solving the one-electron SIE. DFAs that have been developed to be one-electron SIE free for one system, such as the hydrogen atom, show larger errors for heavier hydrogenic systems. Often, one-electron SIE-free DFAs rely on fortuitous error cancellation between their exchange and correlation components. An analysis of the most robust methods for general applications to date reveals that they suffer moderately from the one-electron SIE, while DFAs that are nearly SIE-free do not perform well in applications. Implicit in the continued existence of the one-electron SIE is that well-performing DFAs continue to suffer insufficiencies at their fundamental levels that are being compensated for by the SIE. Our analysis includes more than 250 000 datapoints, resulting in multiple insights that may drive future developments of new DFAs or SIE corrections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dale R Lonsdale
- School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
| | - Lars Goerigk
- School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
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43
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Bergmann TG, Welzel MO, Jacob CR. Towards theoretical spectroscopy with error bars: systematic quantification of the structural sensitivity of calculated spectra. Chem Sci 2019; 11:1862-1877. [PMID: 34123280 PMCID: PMC8148348 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc05103a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular spectra calculated with quantum-chemical methods are subject to a number of uncertainties (e.g., errors introduced by the computational methodology) that hamper the direct comparison of experiment and computation. Judging these uncertainties is crucial for drawing reliable conclusions from the interplay of experimental and theoretical spectroscopy, but largely relies on subjective judgment. Here, we explore the application of methods from uncertainty quantification to theoretical spectroscopy, with the ultimate goal of providing systematic error bars for calculated spectra. As a first target, we consider distortions of the underlying molecular structure as one important source of uncertainty. We show that by performing a principal component analysis, the most influential collective distortions can be identified, which allows for the construction of surrogate models that are amenable to a statistical analysis of the propagation of uncertainties in the molecular structure to uncertainties in the calculated spectrum. This is applied to the calculation of X-ray emission spectra of iron carbonyl complexes, of the electronic excitation spectrum of a coumarin dye, and of the infrared spectrum of alanine. We show that with our approach it becomes possible to obtain error bars for calculated spectra that account for uncertainties in the molecular structure. This is an important first step towards systematically quantifying other relevant sources of uncertainty in theoretical spectroscopy. Uncertainty quantification is applied in theoretical spectroscopy to obtain error bars accounting for the structural sensitivity of calculated spectra.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias G Bergmann
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Gaußstraße 17 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Michael O Welzel
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Gaußstraße 17 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Christoph R Jacob
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Gaußstraße 17 38106 Braunschweig Germany
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44
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Chan B. The CUAGAU Set of Coupled-Cluster Reference Data for Small Copper, Silver, and Gold Compounds and Assessment of DFT Methods. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:5781-5788. [PMID: 31241947 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b03976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We have obtained benchmark data for a set of small molecular systems of Cu, Ag, and Au using coupled-cluster methods. Using this collection of reference data (that we termed the CUAGAU set) for assessing DFT-type methods, we find the MN15-L nonhybrid DFT to be cost-effective for geometry optimization [mean absolute deviation (MAD) in bond length = 0.20 Å], with an accuracy that is comparable to that for the double-hybrid (DH) DFT method DSD-PBEP86 (MAD = 0.19 Å). For the computation of thermochemical properties, among "conventional" (non-MP2-based) DFT methods, the best performance is found for the global-hybrid meta-GGA functional MN15, with an MAD of 11.4 kJ mol-1. We also find the nonhybrid method B97M-rV to have a reasonable performance (MAD = 14.4 kJ mol-1), and it may serve as a cost-effective means for qualitative study. If we look beyond conventional functionals, we find DSD-PBEP86 (MAD = 7.3 kJ mol-1) to be more accurate than even MN15. Nonetheless, this level of accuracy is still not sufficient for quantitative studies. In this regard, high-level wave function methods such as composite procedures that are based on coupled cluster are still indispensable for obtaining reliable reference data for transition-metal species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bun Chan
- Graduate School of Engineering , Nagasaki University , Bunkyo 1-14 , Nagasaki 852-8521 , Japan
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45
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Margraf JT, Kunkel C, Reuter K. Towards density functional approximations from coupled cluster correlation energy densities. J Chem Phys 2019; 150:244116. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5094788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Johannes T. Margraf
- Chair for Theoretical Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, D-85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Christian Kunkel
- Chair for Theoretical Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, D-85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Karsten Reuter
- Chair for Theoretical Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, D-85747 Garching, Germany
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46
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Smeets EF, Voss J, Kroes GJ. Specific Reaction Parameter Density Functional Based on the Meta-Generalized Gradient Approximation: Application to H 2 + Cu(111) and H 2 + Ag(111). J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:5395-5406. [PMID: 31149824 PMCID: PMC6600505 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b02914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Specific reaction parameter density functionals (SRP-DFs), which can describe dissociative chemisorption reactions on metals to within chemical accuracy, have so far been based on exchange functionals within the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) and on GGA correlation functionals or van der Waals correlation functionals. These functionals are capable of describing the molecule-metal surface interaction accurately, but they suffer from the general GGA problem that this can be done only at the cost of a rather poor description of the metal. Here, we show that it is possible also to construct SRP-DFs for H2 dissociation on Cu(111) based on meta-GGA functionals, introducing three new functionals based on the "made-simple" (MS) concept. The exchange parts of the three functionals (MS-PBEl, MS-B86bl, and MS-RPBEl) are based on the expressions for the PBE, B86b, and RPBE exchange functionals. Quasi-classical trajectory (QCT) calculations performed with potential energy surfaces (PESs) obtained with the three MS functionals reproduce molecular beam experiments on H2, D2 + Cu(111) with chemical accuracy. Therefore, these three non-empirical functionals themselves are also capable of describing H2 dissociation on Cu(111) with chemical accuracy. Similarly, QCT calculations performed on the MS-PBEl and MS-B86bl PESs reproduced molecular beam and associative desorption experiments on D2, H2 + Ag(111) more accurately than was possible with the SRP48 density functional for H2 + Cu(111). Also, the three new MS functionals describe the Cu, Ag, Au, and Pt metals more accurately than the all-purpose Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof (PBE) functional. The only disadvantage we noted of the new MS functionals is that, as found for the example of H2 + Cu(111), the reaction barrier height obtained by taking weighted averages of the MS-PBEl and MS-RPBEl functionals is tunable over a smaller range (9 kJ/mol) than possible with the standard GGA PBE and RPBE functionals (33 kJ/mol). As a result of this restricted tunability, it is not possible to construct an SRP-DF for H2 + Ag(111) on the basis of the three examined MS meta-GGA functionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Egidius
W. F. Smeets
- Leiden
Institute of Chemistry, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes Voss
- SLAC
National Accelerator Laboratory, SUNCAT Center Interface Science &
Catalysis, 2575 Sand
Hill Rd, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Geert-Jan Kroes
- Leiden
Institute of Chemistry, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
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47
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Matera S, Schneider WF, Heyden A, Savara A. Progress in Accurate Chemical Kinetic Modeling, Simulations, and Parameter Estimation for Heterogeneous Catalysis. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b01234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Matera
- Fachbereich Mathematik and Informatik, Freie Universität, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - William F. Schneider
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Andreas Heyden
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Aditya Savara
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
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48
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Krishnamurthy D, Sumaria V, Viswanathan V. Quantifying robustness of DFT predicted pathways and activity determining elementary steps for electrochemical reactions. J Chem Phys 2019; 150:041717. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5056167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dilip Krishnamurthy
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Vaidish Sumaria
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Venkatasubramanian Viswanathan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
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49
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Morgante P, Peverati R. Statistically representative databases for density functional theory via data science. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:19092-19103. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp03211h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cluster analysis applied to quantum chemistry: a new broad database of chemical properties with a reasonable computational cost.
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50
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Jana S, Samal P. Screened hybrid meta-GGA exchange–correlation functionals for extended systems. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:3002-3015. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp06715e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Screened Hartree–Fock exchange integrated with semilocal exchange–correlation functionals often proficiently predict several solid-state properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subrata Jana
- School of Physical Sciences
- National Institute of Science Education and Research
- HBNI
- Bhubaneswar 752050
- India
| | - Prasanjit Samal
- School of Physical Sciences
- National Institute of Science Education and Research
- HBNI
- Bhubaneswar 752050
- India
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