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Liu L, Zhang C, Xia Y, Zhang W, Wang Z, Tang X. Dimeric product formation in the self-reaction of small peroxy radicals using synchrotron radiation vacuum ultraviolet photoionization mass spectrometry. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 363:142846. [PMID: 39025306 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Peroxy radicals (RO2) are key reactive intermediates in atmospheric oxidation processes and yet their chemistry is not fully unraveled. Little is known about their structures and the structures of the dimeric products (ROOR) in the self-reaction of small RO2, which are among the most abundant RO2 in the atmosphere. The product branching ratios of ROOR and their atmospheric roles are still in controversy. Here, the self-reaction of propyl peroxy radicals (C3H7O2), a typical small RO2 radical in the atmosphere, has been studied using synchrotron radiation vacuum ultraviolet photoionization mass spectrometry. Both radical (C3H7O) and closed-shell molecular (C3H6O, C3H7OH, C3H7OOC3H7) products in the self-reaction are observed in photoionization mass spectra and their elusive isomers are definitely identified in mass-selected photoionization spectra. Three isomers of the C3H7OOC3H7 dimeric products, R1OOR1, R1OOR2, and R2OOR2 (R1 and R2 represent 1-C3H7 and 2-C3H7, respectively), as well as their complex structures have been determined for the first time. Kinetic experiments are performed and compared with chemical simulations to reveal the sources of specific products. The branching ratio of the C3H7OOC3H7 dimeric channel is measured at 10 ± 5%. This work demonstrates that the dimeric product formation in the self-reaction of small RO2 radicals is non-negligible and should provide valuable new insight into atmospheric modelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyu Liu
- Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, Anhui, China; School of Environmental Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Cuihong Zhang
- Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, Anhui, China
| | - Yu Xia
- Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, Anhui, China; Science Island Branch, Graduate School, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Weijun Zhang
- Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, Anhui, China; School of Environmental Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, China.
| | - Zhandong Wang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230029, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaofeng Tang
- Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, Anhui, China.
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2
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Olive LN, Heide AD, Turney JM, Schaefer HF. Ethynyl Radical Hydrogen Abstraction Energetics and Kinetics Utilizing High-Level Theory. ACS EARTH & SPACE CHEMISTRY 2024; 8:1349-1358. [PMID: 39045226 PMCID: PMC11261607 DOI: 10.1021/acsearthspacechem.4c00040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
The ethynyl radical, C2H, is found in a variety of different environments ranging from interstellar space and planetary atmospheres to playing an important role in the combustion of various alkynes under fuel-rich conditions. Hydrogen-atom abstraction reactions are common for the ethynyl radical in these contrasting environments. In this study, the C2H + HX → C2H2 + X, where HX = HNCO, trans-HONO, cis-HONO, C2H4, and CH3OH, reactions have been investigated at rigorously high levels of theory, including CCSD(T)-F12a/cc-pVTZ-F12. For the stationary points thus located, much higher levels of theory have been used, with basis sets as large as aug-cc-pV5Z and methods up to CCSDT(Q), and core correlation was also included. These molecules were chosen because they can be found in either interstellar or combustion environments. Various additive energy corrections have been included to converge the relative enthalpies of the stationary points to subchemical accuracy (≤0.5 kcal mol-1). Barriers predicted here (2.19 kcal mol-1 for the HNCO reaction and 0.47 kcal mol-1 for C2H4) are significantly lower than previous predictions. Reliable kinetics were acquired over a wide range of temperatures (50-5000 K), which may be useful for future experimental studies of these reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura N Olive
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Alexandra D Heide
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Justin M Turney
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Henry F Schaefer
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
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3
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Lahm ME, Bartlett MA, Liang T, Pu L, Allen WD, Schaefer HF. The multichannel i-propyl + O2 reaction system: A model of secondary alkyl radical oxidation. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:024305. [PMID: 37428067 DOI: 10.1063/5.0156705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The i-propyl + O2 reaction mechanism has been investigated by definitive quantum chemical methods to establish this system as a benchmark for the combustion of secondary alkyl radicals. Focal point analyses extrapolating to the ab initio limit were performed based on explicit computations with electron correlation treatments through coupled cluster single, double, triple, and quadruple excitations and basis sets up to cc-pV5Z. The rigorous coupled cluster single, double, and triple excitations/cc-pVTZ level of theory was used to fully optimize all reaction species and transition states, thus, removing some substantial flaws in reference geometries existing in the literature. The vital i-propylperoxy radical (MIN1) and its concerted elimination transition state (TS1) were found 34.8 and 4.4 kcal mol-1 below the reactants, respectively. Two β-hydrogen transfer transition states (TS2, TS2') lie above the reactants by (1.4, 2.5) kcal mol-1 and display large Born-Oppenheimer diagonal corrections indicative of nearby surface crossings. An α-hydrogen transfer transition state (TS5) is discovered 5.7 kcal mol-1 above the reactants that bifurcates into equivalent α-peroxy radical hanging wells (MIN3) prior to a highly exothermic dissociation into acetone + OH. The reverse TS5 → MIN1 intrinsic reaction path also displays fascinating features, including another bifurcation and a conical intersection of potential energy surfaces. An exhaustive conformational search of two hydroperoxypropyl (QOOH) intermediates (MIN2 and MIN3) of the i-propyl + O2 system located nine rotamers within 0.9 kcal mol-1 of the corresponding lowest-energy minima.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell E Lahm
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
| | - Marcus A Bartlett
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
| | - Tao Liang
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
| | - Liang Pu
- College of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Wesley D Allen
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
- Allen Heritage Foundation, Dickson, Tennessee 37055, USA
| | - Henry F Schaefer
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
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4
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Lahm ME, Kitzmiller NL, Mull HF, Allen WD, Schaefer HF. Concordant Mode Approach for Molecular Vibrations. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:23271-23274. [PMID: 36521165 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c11158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The Concordant Mode Approach (CMA) is advanced as a novel hierarchy for increasing the system size and level of theory feasible for quantum chemical computations of harmonic vibrational frequencies. The key concept behind CMA is that transferrable, internal-coordinate normal modes computed at an appropriate lower level of theory (B) comprise a superb basis for converging to vibrational frequencies given by a higher level of theory (A). Accordingly, high-level harmonic frequencies can be evaluated via CMA from a collection of single-point energies that essentially scales linearly in the number of atoms, providing nearly order-of-magnitude CPU time speedups. The accuracy of CMA methods was established by comprehensive tests on over 120 molecules for target Level A = CCSD(T)/cc-pVTZ with auxiliary Level B choices of both CCSD(T)/cc-pVDZ and B3LYP/6-31G(2df,p). Remarkably, the frequency residuals given by the diagonal CMA-0A(nc) scheme exhibit mean absolute deviations (MADs) of only 0.2 cm-1 and standard deviations less than 0.5 cm-1; the corresponding zero-point vibrational energies (ZPVEs) have negligible errors in the vicinity of 0.3 cm-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell E Lahm
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602 United States
| | - Nathaniel L Kitzmiller
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602 United States
| | - Henry F Mull
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602 United States
| | - Wesley D Allen
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602 United States.,Allen Heritage Foundation, Dickson, Tennessee 37055, United States
| | - Henry F Schaefer
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602 United States
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5
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Danilack AD, Mulvihill CR, Klippenstein SJ, Goldsmith CF. Diastereomers and Low-Temperature Oxidation. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:8064-8073. [PMID: 34469163 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c05635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Diastereomers have historically been ignored when building kinetic mechanisms for combustion. Low-temperature oxidation kinetics, which continues to gain interest in both combustion and atmospheric communities, may be affected by the inclusion of diastereomers in radical chain-branching pathways. In this work, key intermediates and transition states lacking stereochemical specification in an existing diethyl ether low-temperature oxidation mechanism were replaced with their diastereomeric counterparts. Rate coefficients for reactions involving diastereomers were computed with ab initio transition state theory master equation calculations. The presence of diastereomers increased rate coefficients by factors of 1.2-1.6 across various temperatures and pressures. Ignition delay simulations incorporating these revised rate coefficients indicate that the diastereomers enhanced the overall reactivity of the mechanism by almost 15% and increased the peak ketohydroperoxide concentration by 30% in the negative temperature coefficient region at combustion-relevant pressures. These results provide an illustrative indication of the important role of stereomeric effects in oxidation kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron D Danilack
- Chemical and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Clayton R Mulvihill
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Stephen J Klippenstein
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - C Franklin Goldsmith
- Chemical and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
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6
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Quanz H, Bernhardt B, Erb FR, Bartlett MA, Allen WD, Schreiner PR. Identification and Reactivity of s- cis, s- cis-Dihydroxycarbene, a New [CH 2O 2] Intermediate. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:19457-19461. [PMID: 33166464 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c09317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
We report the first preparation of the s-cis,s-cis conformer of dihydroxycarbene (1cc) by means of pyrolysis of oxalic acid, isolation of the lower-energy s-trans,s-trans (1tt) and s-cis,s-trans (1ct) product conformers at cryogenic temperatures in a N2 matrix, and subsequent narrow-band near-infrared (NIR) laser excitation to give 1cc. Carbene 1cc converts quickly to 1ct via quantum-mechanical tunneling with an effective half-life of 22 min at 3 K. The potential energy surface features around 1 were pinpointed by convergent focal point analysis targeting the AE-CCSDT(Q)/CBS level of electronic structure theory. Computations of the tunneling kinetics confirm the time scale of the 1cc → 1ct rotamerization and suggest that direct 1cc → H2 + CO2 decomposition may also be a minor pathway. The intriguing latter possibility cannot be confirmed spectroscopically, but hints of it may be present in the measured kinetic profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrik Quanz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Bastian Bernhardt
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Frederik R Erb
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Marcus A Bartlett
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Wesley D Allen
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States.,Allen Heritage Foundation, Dickson, Tennessee 37055, United States
| | - Peter R Schreiner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
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Wagner JP. An Intramolecular Hydrogen-Shift in a Peroxy Radical at Cryogenic Temperatures: The Reaction of 2-Hydroxyphenyl Radical with O 2. Chemistry 2020; 26:12119-12124. [PMID: 32427391 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202000980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Peroxy radical hydrogen-shifts are pivotal elementary reaction steps in the oxidation of small hydrocarbons in autoignition and the lower atmosphere. Although these reactions are typically associated with a substantial barrier, we demonstrate that the [1,5]H-shift in the peroxy species derived from the 2-hydroxyphenyl radical 1 is so facile that it even proceeds rapidly in an argon matrix at 35 K through a proton-coupled electron transfer mechanism. Hydrogen-bound complexes of o-benzoquinone are identified as the main reaction products by infrared spectroscopy although their formation through O-O bond scission is hampered by a barrier of 11.9 kcal mol-1 at the ROCCSD(T)/cc-pVTZ/UB3LYP/6-311G(d,p) level of theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Philipp Wagner
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
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8
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Weidman JD, Turney JM, Schaefer HF. Energetics and mechanisms for the acetonyl radical + O 2 reaction: An important system for atmospheric and combustion chemistry. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:114301. [PMID: 32199416 DOI: 10.1063/1.5141859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The acetonyl radical (•CH2COCH3) is relevant to atmospheric and combustion chemistry due to its prevalence in many important reaction mechanisms. One such reaction mechanism is the decomposition of Criegee intermediates in the atmosphere that can produce acetonyl radical and OH. In order to understand the fate of the acetonyl radical in these environments and to create more accurate kinetics models, we have examined the reaction system of the acetonyl radical with O2 using highly reliable theoretical methods. Structures were optimized using coupled cluster theory with singles, doubles, and perturbative triples [CCSD(T)] with an atomic natural orbital (ANO0) basis set. Energetics were computed to chemical accuracy using the focal point approach involving perturbative treatment of quadruple excitations [CCSDT(Q)] and basis sets as large as cc-pV5Z. The addition of O2 to the acetonyl radical produces the acetonylperoxy radical, and multireference computations on this reaction suggest it to be barrierless. No submerged pathways were found for the unimolecular isomerization of the acetonylperoxy radical. Besides dissociation to reactants, the lowest energy pathway available for the acetonylperoxy radical is a 1-5 H shift from the methyl group to the peroxy group through a transition state that is 3.3 kcal mol-1 higher in energy than acetonyl radical + O2. The ultimate products from this pathway are the enol tautomer of the acetonyl radical along with O2. Multiple pathways that lead to OH formation are considered; however, all of these pathways are predicted to be energetically inaccessible, except at high temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jared D Weidman
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
| | - Justin M Turney
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
| | - Henry F Schaefer
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
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9
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Davis MM, Weidman JD, Abbott AS, Douberly GE, Turney JM, Schaefer HF. Characterization of the 2-methylvinoxy radical + O2 reaction: A focal point analysis and composite multireference study. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:124302. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5113800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew M. Davis
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
| | - Jared D. Weidman
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
| | - Adam S. Abbott
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
| | - Gary E. Douberly
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
| | - Justin M. Turney
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
| | - Henry F. Schaefer
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
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10
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Bartlett MA, Kazez AH, Schaefer HF, Allen WD. Riddles of the structure and vibrational dynamics of HO 3 resolved near the ab initio limit. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:094304. [PMID: 31492062 DOI: 10.1063/1.5110291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The hydridotrioxygen (HO3) radical has been investigated in many previous theoretical and experimental studies over several decades, originally because of its possible relevance to the tropospheric HOx cycle but more recently because of its fascinating chemical bonding, geometric structure, and vibrational dynamics. We have executed new, comprehensive research on this vexing molecule via focal point analyses (FPA) to approach the ab initio limit of optimized geometric structures, relative energies, complete quartic force fields, and the entire reaction path for cis-trans isomerization. High-order coupled cluster theory was applied through the CCSDT(Q) and even CCSDTQ(P) levels, and CBS extrapolations were performed using cc-pVXZ (X = 2-6) basis sets. The cis isomer proves to be higher than trans by 0.52 kcal mol-1, but this energetic ordering is achieved only after the CCSDT(Q) milestone is reached; the barrier for cis → trans isomerization is a minute 0.27 kcal mol-1. The FPA central re(O-O) bond length of trans-HO3 is astonishingly long (1.670 Å), consistent with the semiexperimental re distance we extracted from microwave rotational constants of 10 isotopologues using FPA vibration-rotation interaction constants (αi). The D0(HO-O2) dissociation energy converges to a mere 2.80 ± 0.25 kcal mol-1. Contrary to expectation for such a weakly bound system, vibrational perturbation theory performs remarkably well with the FPA anharmonic force fields, even for the torsional fundamental near 130 cm-1. Exact numerical procedures are applied to the potential energy function for the torsional reaction path to obtain energy levels, tunneling rates, and radiative lifetimes. The cis → trans isomerization occurs via tunneling with an inherent half-life of 1.4 × 10-11 s and 8.6 × 10-10 s for HO3 and DO3, respectively, thus resolving the mystery of why the cis species has not been observed in previous experiments executed in dissipative environments that allow collisional cooling of the trans-HO3 product. In contrast, the pure ground eigenstate of the cis species in a vacuum is predicted to have a spontaneous radiative lifetime of about 1 h and 5 days for HO3 and DO3, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus A Bartlett
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
| | - Arianna H Kazez
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
| | - Henry F Schaefer
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
| | - Wesley D Allen
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
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Karton A. Highly Accurate CCSDT(Q)/CBS Reaction Barrier Heights for a Diverse Set of Transition Structures: Basis Set Convergence and Cost-Effective Approaches for Estimating Post-CCSD(T) Contributions. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:6720-6732. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b04611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amir Karton
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
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12
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Franke PR, Brice JT, Moradi CP, Schaefer HF, Douberly GE. Ethyl + O2 in Helium Nanodroplets: Infrared Spectroscopy of the Ethylperoxy Radical. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:3558-3568. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b01867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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13
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Weidman JD, Allen RT, Moore KB, Schaefer HF. High-level theoretical characterization of the vinoxy radical (•CH2CHO) + O2 reaction. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:184308. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5026295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jared D. Weidman
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
| | - Ryan T. Allen
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
| | - Kevin B. Moore
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
| | - Henry F. Schaefer
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
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