1
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Blake MJ, Page EF, Smith ME, Calhoun TR. Miltefosine impacts small molecule transport in Gram-positive bacteria. RSC Chem Biol 2024; 5:981-988. [PMID: 39363965 PMCID: PMC11446237 DOI: 10.1039/d4cb00106k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 10/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Miltefosine (MLT) is an alkylphosphocholine with clinical success as an anticancer and antiparasitic drug. Although the mechanism of action of MLT is highly debated, the interaction of MLT with the membrane, specifically lipid rafts of eukaryotes, is well-documented. Recent reports suggest MLT impacts the functional membrane microdomains in bacteria - regions of the membrane structurally and functionally similar to lipid rafts. There have been conflicting reports, however, as to whether MLT impacts the overall fluidity of cellular plasma membranes. Here, we apply steady-state fluorescence techniques, generalized polarization of laurdan and anisotropy of diphenylhexatriene, to discern how MLT impacts the global ordering and lipid packing of Staphylococcus aureus membranes. Additionally, we investigate how the transport of a range of small molecules is impacted by MLT for S. aureus and Bacillus subtilis by employing time-resolved second harmonic scattering. Overall, we observe MLT does not have an influence on the overall ordering and packing of S. aureus membranes. Additionally, we show that the transport of small molecules across the membrane can be significantly altered by MLT - although this is not the case for all molecules studied. The results presented here illustrate the potential use of MLT as an adjuvant to assist in the delivery of drug molecules in bacteria.
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2
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Chen S, Liu Z, Li B, Hou Y, Peng Y, Li J, Yuan Q, Gan W. Probing the structural evolution on the surface of cardiolipin vesicles with an amphiphilic second harmonic generation and fluorescence probe. J Chem Phys 2024; 161:014705. [PMID: 38949588 DOI: 10.1063/5.0211845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Investigating the influence of the ambient chemical environment on molecular behaviors in liposomes is crucial for understanding and manipulating cellular vitality as well as the capabilities of lipid drug carriers in various environments. Here, we designed and synthesized a second harmonic generation (SHG) and fluorescence probe molecule called Pyr-Py+-N+ (PPN), which possesses membrane-targeting capability. We employed PPN to investigate the response of lipid vesicles composed of cardiolipin to the presence of exogenous salt. The kinetic behaviors, including the adsorption and embedding of PPN on the surface of small unilamellar vesicles (SUVs) composed of cardiolipin, were analyzed. The response of the SUVs to the addition of NaCl was also monitored. A rapid decrease in vesicle size can be evidenced through the rapid drop in SHG emission originating from PPN located on the vesicle surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujiao Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology, School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), University Town, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zhongcheng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Bifei Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology, School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), University Town, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yi Hou
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology, School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), University Town, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yingying Peng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology, School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), University Town, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jianhui Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology, School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), University Town, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Qunhui Yuan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), University Town, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Gan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology, School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), University Town, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
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3
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Dash R, Holsinger KA, Chordia MD, Gh. MS, Pires MM. Bioluminescence-Based Determination of Cytosolic Accumulation of Antibiotics in Escherichia coli. ACS Infect Dis 2024; 10:1602-1611. [PMID: 38592927 PMCID: PMC11091882 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.3c00684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is an alarming public health concern that affects millions of individuals across the globe each year. A major challenge in the development of effective antibiotics lies in their limited ability to permeate cells, noting that numerous susceptible antibiotic targets reside within the bacterial cytosol. Consequently, improving the cellular permeability is often a key consideration during antibiotic development, underscoring the need for reliable methods to assess the permeability of molecules across cellular membranes. Currently, methods used to measure permeability often fail to discriminate between the arrival within the cytoplasm and the overall association of molecules with the cell. Additionally, these techniques typically possess throughput limitations. In this work, we describe a luciferase-based assay designed for assessing the permeability of molecules in the cytosolic compartment of Gram-negative bacteria. Our findings demonstrate a robust system that can elucidate the kinetics of intracellular antibiotic accumulation in live bacterial cells in real time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachita Dash
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Kadie A. Holsinger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Mahendra D. Chordia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Mohammad Sharifian Gh.
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Marcos M. Pires
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
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4
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Dash R, Holsinger KA, Chordia MD, Sharifian Gh M, Pires MM. Bioluminescence-Based Determination of Cytosolic Accumulation of Antibiotics in Escherichia coli. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.06.570448. [PMID: 38106213 PMCID: PMC10723488 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.06.570448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is an alarming public health concern that affects millions of individuals across the globe each year. A major challenge in the development of effective antibiotics lies in their limited ability to permeate into cells, noting that numerous susceptible antibiotic targets reside within the bacterial cytosol. Consequently, improving cellular permeability is often a key consideration during antibiotic development, underscoring the need for reliable methods to assess the permeability of molecules across cellular membranes. Currently, methods used to measure permeability often fail to discriminate between arrival within the cytoplasm and the overall association of molecules with the cell. Additionally, these techniques typically possess throughput limitations. In this work, we describe a luciferase-based assay designed for assessing the permeability of molecules into the cytosolic compartment of Gram-negative bacteria. Our findings demonstrate a robust system that can elucidate the kinetics of intracellular antibiotics accumulation in live bacterial cells in real time.
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5
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Simas RG, Pessoa Junior A, Long PF. Mechanistic aspects of IPTG (isopropylthio-β-galactoside) transport across the cytoplasmic membrane of Escherichia coli-a rate limiting step in the induction of recombinant protein expression. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 50:kuad034. [PMID: 37849239 PMCID: PMC10639102 DOI: 10.1093/jimb/kuad034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Coupling transcription of a cloned gene to the lac operon with induction by isopropylthio-β-galactoside (IPTG) has been a favoured approach for recombinant protein expression using Escherichia coli as a heterologous host for more than six decades. Despite a wealth of experimental data gleaned over this period, a quantitative relationship between extracellular IPTG concentration and consequent levels of recombinant protein expression remains surprisingly elusive across a broad spectrum of experimental conditions. This is because gene expression under lac operon regulation is tightly correlated with intracellular IPTG concentration due to allosteric regulation of the lac repressor protein (lacY). An in-silico mathematical model established that uptake of IPTG across the cytoplasmic membrane of E. coli by simple diffusion was negligible. Conversely, lacY mediated active transport was a rapid process, taking only some seconds for internal and external IPTG concentrations to equalize. Optimizing kcat and KM parameters by targeted mutation of the galactoside binding site in lacY could be a future strategy to improve the performance of recombinant protein expression. For example, if kcat were reduced whilst KM was increased, active transport of IPTG across the cytoplasmic membrane would be reduced, thereby lessening the metabolic burden on the cell and expediating accumulation of recombinant protein. The computational model described herein is made freely available and is amenable to optimize recombinant protein expression in other heterologous hosts. ONE-SENTENCE SUMMARY A computational model made freely available to optimize recombinant protein expression in Escherichia coli other heterologous hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo G Simas
- Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, UK
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 580, B16, 05508-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Adalberto Pessoa Junior
- Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, UK
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 580, B16, 05508-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Paul F Long
- Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, UK
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 580, B16, 05508-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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6
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Page EF, Blake MJ, Foley GA, Calhoun TR. Monitoring membranes: The exploration of biological bilayers with second harmonic generation. CHEMICAL PHYSICS REVIEWS 2022; 3:041307. [PMID: 36536669 PMCID: PMC9756348 DOI: 10.1063/5.0120888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Nature's seemingly controlled chaos in heterogeneous two-dimensional cell membranes stands in stark contrast to the precise, often homogeneous, environment in an experimentalist's flask or carefully designed material system. Yet cell membranes can play a direct role, or serve as inspiration, in all fields of biology, chemistry, physics, and engineering. Our understanding of these ubiquitous structures continues to evolve despite over a century of study largely driven by the application of new technologies. Here, we review the insight afforded by second harmonic generation (SHG), a nonlinear optical technique. From potential measurements to adsorption and diffusion on both model and living systems, SHG complements existing techniques while presenting a large exploratory space for new discoveries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor F. Page
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - Marea J. Blake
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - Grant A. Foley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - Tessa R. Calhoun
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
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7
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Dupertuis N, Tarun OB, Lütgebaucks C, Roke S. Three-Dimensional Confinement of Water: H 2O Exhibits Long-Range (>50 nm) Structure while D 2O Does Not. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:7394-7400. [PMID: 36067223 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c02206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Water is the liquid of life thanks to its three-dimensional adaptive hydrogen (H)-bond network. Confinement of this network may lead to dramatic structural changes influencing chemical and physical transformations. Although confinement effects occur on a <1 nm length scale, the upper length scale limit is unknown. Here, we investigate 3D-confinement over lengths scales ranging from 58-140 nm. By confining water in zwitterionic liposomes of different sizes and measuring the change in H-bond network conformation using second harmonic scattering (SHS), we determined long-range confinement effects in light and heavy water. D2O displays no detectable 3D-confinement effects <58 nm (<3 × 106 D2O molecules). H2O is distinctly different. The vesicle enclosed inner H-bond network has a different conformation compared to the outside network and the SHS response scales with the volume of the confining space. H2O displays confinement effects over distances >100 nm (>2 × 107 H2O molecules).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Dupertuis
- Laboratory for Fundamental BioPhotonics (LBP), Institute of Bioengineering (IBI), School of Engineering (STI), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Orly B Tarun
- Laboratory for Fundamental BioPhotonics (LBP), Institute of Bioengineering (IBI), School of Engineering (STI), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Cornelis Lütgebaucks
- Laboratory for Fundamental BioPhotonics (LBP), Institute of Bioengineering (IBI), School of Engineering (STI), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sylvie Roke
- Laboratory for Fundamental BioPhotonics (LBP), Institute of Bioengineering (IBI), School of Engineering (STI), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering (IMX), School of Engineering (STI), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Lausanne Centre for Ultrafast Science, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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8
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Influence of Phase Transitions on Diffusive Molecular Transport Across Biological Membranes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202205608. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202205608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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9
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Wu T, Wilhelm MJ, Ma J, Li Y, Wu Y, Dai HL. Influence of Phase Transitions on Diffusive Molecular Transport Across Biological Membranes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202205608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tong Wu
- Temple University Department of Chemistry UNITED STATES
| | - Michael J. Wilhelm
- Temple University Department of Chemistry 1901 N. 13th Street 19122 Philadelphia UNITED STATES
| | - Jianqiang Ma
- Temple University Department of Chemistry UNITED STATES
| | - Yujie Li
- Temple University Department of Chemistry UNITED STATES
| | - Yuhao Wu
- Temple University Department of Chemistry UNITED STATES
| | - Hai-Lung Dai
- Temple University Department of Chemistry UNITED STATES
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10
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Abstract
Indole signaling in bacteria plays an important role in antibiotic resistance, persistence, and tolerance. Here, we used the nonlinear optical technique, second-harmonic light scattering (SHS), to examine the influence of exogenous indole on the bacterial uptake of the antimicrobial quaternary ammonium cation (qac), malachite green. The transport rates of the antimicrobial qac across the individual membranes of Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, as well as liposomes composed of the polar lipid extract of E. coli, were directly measured using time-resolved SHS. Whereas exogenous indole was shown to induce a 2-fold increase in the transport rate of the qac across the cytoplasmic membranes of the wild-type bacteria, it had no influence on a knockout strain of E. coli lacking the tryptophan-specific transport protein (Δmtr). Likewise, indole did not affect the transport rate of the qac diffusing across the liposome membrane. Our findings suggest that indole increases the bacterial uptake of antimicrobials through an interaction with the Mtr permease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, 1901 N. 13th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| | - Michael J. Wilhelm
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, 1901 N. 13th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| | - Yujie Li
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, 1901 N. 13th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| | - Jianqiang Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, 1901 N. 13th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| | - Hai-Lung Dai
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, 1901 N. 13th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
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11
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Li J, Chen SL, Hou Y, Yuan Q, Gan W. Revealing the mechanisms of vesicle formation with multiple spectral methods. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:12465-12475. [PMID: 35575256 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp01183b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The investigation of the self-assembly of amphiphilic molecules and the formation of micelles/vesicles has attracted significant attention. However, in situ and real-time methods for such studies are rare. Here, a surface-sensitive second harmonic generation (SHG) technique was applied to study the formation of vesicles in solutions of an anti-cancer drug, doxorubicin (DOX), and a generally used surfactant (sodium bis (2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate, AOT). With the aid of two-photon fluorescence (TPF), Rayleigh scattering and TEM, we revealed the structural evolution of the aggregated micelles/vesicles. It was found that AOT and DOX molecules rapidly aggregated and formed micelles in the solution. The residual DOX then acted as a "glue" that induced the aggregating/growing of the micelles and the transformation from aggregates to vesicles. The existence of lipid films, which was considered as the necessary intermediate state for vesicle formation, was excluded via the SHG observations, indicating that hollow shells may be directly transformed from solid aggregated micelles in the self-assembly formation of complex vesicles. The combined spectroscopic methods were also used to investigate the formation of vesicles from a commonly used lipid (i.e., 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-rac-(1-glycerol) sodium salt, DOPG) from its stacked bilayers. The swelling, curving and sealing of the DOPG bilayers for vesicle formation was monitored and clear dynamics were revealed. This work shows that the vesicle formation mechanism varies with the initial state of the surfactant/lipid molecules. It not only demonstrates the capability of the combined spectroscopic methods in investigating the aggregated systems but also provides new insight for understanding the formation of vesicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhui Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology, also School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), University Town, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Shun-Li Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structure Materials of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi Hou
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology, also School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), University Town, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Qunhui Yuan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology, also School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), University Town, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Gan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology, also School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), University Town, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China.
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12
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Behuria H, Arumugam GS, Pal CK, Jena AK, Sahu SK. Lipid Flip-Flop-Inducing Antimicrobial Phytochemicals from Gymnema sylvestre are Bacterial Membrane Permeability Enhancers. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:35667-35678. [PMID: 34984297 PMCID: PMC8717809 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c05581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
An amphiphilic phytochemical fraction isolated from methanol extract of Gymnema sylvestre leaf powder contained six terpenoids, two flavonoids, and one alkaloid that induced rapid flip-flop of fluorescent phospholipid analog in the phosphatidyl choline bilayer. Lipid-flipping activity of the methanol-extracted fraction of G. sylvestre (MEFGS) was dose-dependent and time-dependent with a rate constant k = (12.09 ± 0.94) mg-1 min-1 that was saturable at (40 ± 1) % flipping of the fluorescent lipid analogue. Interactions of MEFGS phytochemicals with large unilamelar vesicles led to time-dependent change in their rounded morphology into irregular shapes, indicating their membrane-destabilizing activity. MEFGS exhibited antibacterial activity on Escherichia coli (MTCC-118), Staphylococcus aureus (MTCC-212), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MTCC-1035) with IC50 values 0.5, 0.35, and 0.1 mg/mL, respectively. Phytochemicals in MEFGS increased membrane permeabilization in all three bacteria, as indicated by 23, 17, and 17% increase in the uptake of crystal violet, respectively. MEFGS enhanced membrane damage, resulting in a 3-5 fold increase in leakage of cytosolic ions, 0.5-2 fold increase in leakage of PO4 -, and 15-20% increase in loss of cellular proteins. MEFGS synergistically increased the efficacy of curcumin, amoxillin, ampicillin, and cefotaxime on S. aureus probably by enhancing their permeability into the bacterium. For the first time, our study reveals that phytochemicals from G. sylvestre enhance the permeability of the bacterial plasma membrane by facilitating flip-flop of membrane lipids. Lipid-flipping phytochemicals from G. sylvestre can be used as adjuvant therapeutics to enhance the efficacy of antibacterials by increasing their bioavailability in the target bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himadri
Gourav Behuria
- Department
of Biotechnology, Maharaja Sriram Chandra
Bhanj Deo University (Erstwhile: North Orissa University), Mayurbhanj, Baripada, Odisha 757003, India
| | | | - Chandan Kumar Pal
- Department
of Chemistry, Maharaja Sriram Chandra Bhanj
Deo University (Erstwhile: North Orissa University), Mayurbhanj, Baripada, Odisha 757003, India
| | - Ashis Kumar Jena
- Department
of Chemistry, Maharaja Sriram Chandra Bhanj
Deo University (Erstwhile: North Orissa University), Mayurbhanj, Baripada, Odisha 757003, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Sahu
- Department
of Biotechnology, Maharaja Sriram Chandra
Bhanj Deo University (Erstwhile: North Orissa University), Mayurbhanj, Baripada, Odisha 757003, India
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13
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Xu B, Chen SL, Zhang Y, Li B, Yuan Q, Gan W. Evaluating the cross-membrane dynamics of a charged molecule on lipid films with different surface curvature. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 610:376-384. [PMID: 34923275 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Does the curvature of a phospholipid membrane influence the permeability of the lipid bilayers? This is a question of great importance yet hard to answer. In this work the permeability of a positively charged rod like probing molecule (D289 dye) on the bilayers of DOPG lipid vesicles was investigated using angle resolved second harmonic generation method. It was revealed that the permeability of D289 on the surface of small vesicles with ∼ 100 nm diameter was notably lower than that on giant vesicles with ∼ 1000 nm diameter. With the increasing of temperature or the introducing of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) in the solutions, the D289 permeability of the lipid bilayers was notably enhanced as expected, on both the small and the giant vesicles. Still, the D289 permeability of the lipid film with more curvature is lower than the relatively flat film in all these cases. This work demonstrated a general protocol for the investigating of surface permeability of lipid films with various curvature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baomei Xu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology, and School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), University Town, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Shun-Li Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structure Materials of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, Guangdong, China
| | - Yiru Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology, and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), University Town, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Bifei Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology, and School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), University Town, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Qunhui Yuan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology, and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), University Town, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Gan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology, and School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), University Town, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China.
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14
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Dikkumbura A, Hamal P, Chen M, Babayode DA, Ranasinghe JC, Lopata K, Haber LH. Growth Dynamics of Colloidal Silver-Gold Core-Shell Nanoparticles Studied by In Situ Second Harmonic Generation and Extinction Spectroscopy. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2021; 125:25615-25623. [PMID: 34868446 PMCID: PMC8631735 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.1c06094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The in situ growth dynamics of colloidal silver-gold core-shell (Ag@Au CS) nanoparticles (NPs) in water are monitored in a stepwise synthesis approach using time-dependent second harmonic generation (SHG) and extinction spectroscopy. Three sequential additions of chloroauric acid, sodium citrate, and hydroquinone are added to the silver nanoparticle solution to grow a gold shell around a silver core. The first addition produces a stable urchin-like surface morphology, while the second and third additions continue to grow the gold shell thickness as the surface becomes more smooth and uniform, as determined using transmission electron microscopy. The extinction spectra after each addition are compared to finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) calculations, showing large deviations for the first and second additions due to the bumpy surface morphology and plasmonic hotspots while showing general agreement after the third addition reaches equilibrium. The in situ SHG signal is dominated by the NP surface, providing complementary information on the growth time scales due to changes to the surface morphology. This combined approach of synthesis and characterization of Ag@Au CS nanoparticles with in situ SHG spectroscopy, extinction spectroscopy, and FDTD calculations provides a detailed foundation for investigating complex colloidal nanoparticle growth mechanisms and dynamics in developing enhanced plasmonic nanomaterial technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asela
S. Dikkumbura
- Department
of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Prakash Hamal
- Department
of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Min Chen
- Department
of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Daniel A. Babayode
- Department
of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Jeewan C. Ranasinghe
- Department
of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Kenneth Lopata
- Center
for Computation and Technology, Louisiana
State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Louis H. Haber
- Department
of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
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15
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Li B, Li J, Gan W, Tan Y, Yuan Q. Unveiling the Molecular Dynamics in a Living Cell to the Subcellular Organelle Level Using Second-Harmonic Generation Spectroscopy and Microscopy. Anal Chem 2021; 93:14146-14152. [PMID: 34648265 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c02604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Second-harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy has been proved to be a powerful method for investigating the structures of biomaterials. SHG spectra were also generally used to probe the adsorption and cross-membrane transport of molecules on lipid bilayers in situ and in real time. In this work, we applied SHG and two-photon fluorescence (TPF) spectra to investigate the dynamics of an amphiphilic ion with an SHG and TPF chromophore, D289 (4-(4-diethylaminostyry)-1-methyl-pyridinium iodide), on the surface of human chronic myelogenous leukemia (K562) cells and the subcellular structures inside the cells. The adsorption and cross-membrane transport of D289 into the cells and then into the organelles such as mitochondria were revealed. SHG images were also recorded and used to demonstrate their capability of probing molecular dynamics in organelles in K562 cells. This work demonstrated the first SHG investigation of the cross-membrane transport dynamics on the surface of subcellular organelles. It may also shed light on the differentiation of different types of subcellular structures in cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bifei Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology, Also School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), University Town, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jianhui Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology, Also School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), University Town, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Wei Gan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology, Also School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), University Town, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Ying Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Qunhui Yuan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology, Also School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), University Town, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China
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16
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Hamal P, Subasinghege Don V, Nguyenhuu H, Ranasinghe JC, Nauman JA, McCarley RL, Kumar R, Haber LH. Influence of Temperature on Molecular Adsorption and Transport at Liposome Surfaces Studied by Molecular Dynamics Simulations and Second Harmonic Generation Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:10506-10513. [PMID: 34495664 PMCID: PMC8474114 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c04263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A fundamental understanding of the kinetics and thermodynamics of chemical interactions at the phospholipid bilayer interface is crucial for developing potential drug-delivery applications. Here we use molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and surface-sensitive second harmonic generation (SHG) spectroscopy to study the molecular adsorption and transport of a small organic cation, malachite green (MG), at the surface of 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-rac-glycerol) (DOPG) liposomes in water at different temperatures. The temperature-dependent adsorption isotherms, obtained by SHG measurements, provide information on adsorbate concentration, free energy of adsorption, and associated changes in enthalpy and entropy, showing that the adsorption process is exothermic, resulting in increased overall entropy. Additionally, the molecular transport kinetics are found to be more rapid under higher temperatures. Corresponding MD simulations are used to calculate the free energy profiles of the adsorption and the molecular orientation distributions of MG at different temperatures, showing excellent agreement with the experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakash Hamal
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803-1804, United States
| | - Visal Subasinghege Don
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803-1804, United States
| | - Huy Nguyenhuu
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803-1804, United States
| | - Jeewan C Ranasinghe
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803-1804, United States
| | - Julia A Nauman
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803-1804, United States
| | - Robin L McCarley
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803-1804, United States
| | - Revati Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803-1804, United States
| | - Louis H Haber
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803-1804, United States
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17
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Sharifian Gh M. Recent Experimental Developments in Studying Passive Membrane Transport of Drug Molecules. Mol Pharm 2021; 18:2122-2141. [PMID: 33914545 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.1c00009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The ability to measure the passive membrane permeation of drug-like molecules is of fundamental biological and pharmaceutical importance. Of significance, passive diffusion across the cellular membranes plays an effective role in the delivery of many pharmaceutical agents to intracellular targets. Hence, approaches for quantitative measurement of membrane permeability have been the topics of research for decades, resulting in sophisticated biomimetic systems coupled with advanced techniques. In this review, recent developments in experimental approaches along with theoretical models for quantitative and real-time analysis of membrane transport of drug-like molecules through mimetic and living cell membranes are discussed. The focus is on time-resolved fluorescence-based, surface plasmon resonance, and second-harmonic light scattering approaches. The current understanding of how properties of the membrane and permeant affect the permeation process is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Sharifian Gh
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, United States
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18
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Wilhelm MJ, Sharifian Gh M, Wu T, Li Y, Chang CM, Ma J, Dai HL. Determination of bacterial surface charge density via saturation of adsorbed ions. Biophys J 2021; 120:2461-2470. [PMID: 33932437 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2021.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial surface charge is a critical characteristic of the cell's interfacial physiology that influences how the cell interacts with the local environment. A direct, sensitive, and accurate experimental technique capable of quantifying bacterial surface charge is needed to better understand molecular adaptations in interfacial physiology in response to environmental changes. We introduce here the method of second-harmonic light scattering (SHS), which is capable of detecting the number of molecular ions adsorbed as counter charges on the exterior bacterial surface, thereby providing a measure of the surface charge. In this first demonstration, we detect the small molecular cation, malachite green, electrostatically adsorbed on the surface of representative strains of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Surprisingly, the SHS-deduced molecular transport rates through the different cellular ultrastructures are revealed to be nearly identical. However, the adsorption saturation densities on the exterior surfaces of the two bacteria were shown to be characteristically distinct. The negative charge density of the lipopolysaccharide coated outer surface of Gram-negative Escherichia coli (6.6 ± 1.3 nm-2) was deduced to be seven times larger than that of the protein surface layer of Gram-positive Lactobacillus rhamnosus (1.0 ± 0.2 nm-2). The feasibility of SHS-deduced bacterial surface charge density for Gram-type differentiation is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Wilhelm
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
| | | | - Tong Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Yujie Li
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Chia-Mei Chang
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jianqiang Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Hai-Lung Dai
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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19
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Boudjema L, Aarrass H, Assaf M, Morille M, Martin-Gassin G, Gassin PM. PySHS: Python Open Source Software for Second Harmonic Scattering. J Chem Inf Model 2020; 60:5912-5917. [PMID: 33085456 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.0c00789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The PySHS package is a new python open source software tool which simulates the second harmonic scattering (SHS) of different kinds of colloidal nano-objects in various experimental configurations. This package is able to compute polarizations resolved at a fixed scattered angle or angular distribution for different polarization configurations. This article presents the model implemented in the PySHS software and gives some computational examples. A comparison between computational results and experimental data concerning molecular dye intercalated inside liposomes membrane is presented to illustrate the possibilities with PySHS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lotfi Boudjema
- ICGM, ENSCM, CNRS, Univ. Montpellier, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Hanna Aarrass
- ICGM, ENSCM, CNRS, Univ. Montpellier, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Marwa Assaf
- ICGM, ENSCM, CNRS, Univ. Montpellier, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Marie Morille
- ICGM, ENSCM, CNRS, Univ. Montpellier, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
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20
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Wilhelm MJ, Dai HL. Molecule-Membrane Interactions in Biological Cells Studied with Second Harmonic Light Scattering. Chem Asian J 2019; 15:200-213. [PMID: 31721448 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201901406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The nonlinear optical phenomenon second harmonic light scattering (SHS) can be used for detecting molecules at the membrane surfaces of living biological cells. Over the last decade, SHS has been developed for quantitatively monitoring the adsorption and transport of small and medium size molecules (both neutral and ionic) across membranes in living cells. SHS can be operated with both time and spatial resolution and is even capable of isolating molecule-membrane interactions at specific membrane surfaces in multi-membrane cells, such as bacteria. In this review, we discuss select examples from our lab employing time-resolved SHS to study real-time molecular interactions at the plasma membranes of biological cells. We first demonstrate the utility of this method for determining the transport rates at each membrane/interface in a Gram-negative bacterial cell. Next, we show how SHS can be used to characterize the molecular mechanism of the century old Gram stain protocol for classifying bacteria. Additionally, we examine how membrane structures and molecular charge and polarity affect adsorption and transport, as well as how antimicrobial compounds alter bacteria membrane permeability. Finally, we discuss adaptation of SHS as an imaging modality to quantify molecular adsorption and transport in sub-cellular regions of individual living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Wilhelm
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, 1901 N. 13th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - Hai-Lung Dai
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, 1901 N. 13th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
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21
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Benderskii A, Morita A. Nonlinear spectroscopy and interfacial structure and dynamics. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:150401. [PMID: 31640380 DOI: 10.1063/1.5129103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Benderskii
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
| | - Akihiro Morita
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
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22
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Hamal P, Nguyenhuu H, Subasinghege Don V, Kumal RR, Kumar R, McCarley RL, Haber LH. Molecular Adsorption and Transport at Liposome Surfaces Studied by Molecular Dynamics Simulations and Second Harmonic Generation Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:7722-7730. [PMID: 31407578 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b05954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A fundamental understanding of the factors that determine the interactions with and transport of small molecules through phospholipid membranes is crucial in developing liposome-based drug delivery systems. Here we combine time-dependent second harmonic generation (SHG) measurements with molecular dynamics simulations to elucidate the events associated with adsorption and transport of the small molecular cation, malachite green isothiocyanate (MGITC), in colloidal liposomes of different compositions. The molecular transport of MGITC through the liposome bilayer is found to be more rapid in 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-rac-glycerol) and 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-l-serine (DOPG and DOPS, respectively) liposomes, while the molecular transport is slower in 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC) liposomes. Interestingly, MGITC is observed to neither adsorb nor transport in trimethyl quinone-1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (QPADOPE) liposomes due to shielding by the quinone group. The modified Langmuir adsorption isotherm model is used to determine the free energy of adsorption for MGITC, which is found to be less negative in DOPC than in DOPG and DOPS, caused by lower electrostatic interactions between the positively charged dye and the zwitterionic DOPC liposome surface. The results are compared to our previous investigations, which showed that malachite green (MG) adsorbs and transports in DOPG and DOPS liposomes but not in DOPC and QPADOPE liposomes. Molecular dynamics simulations are used to investigate the adsorption and transport properties of MG and MGITC in DOPC and DOPG liposomes using umbrella sampling to determine the free energy profiles and interfacial molecular orientations. Together, these time-resolved SHG studies and corresponding molecular dynamics simulations characterize the complicated chemical interactions at different lipid membranes to provide key molecular-level insights for potential drug delivery applications. The results also point toward understanding the role of chemical functional groups, in this case isothiocyanate, in controlling molecular adsorption at and transport through lipid bilayers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakash Hamal
- Department of Chemistry , Louisiana State University , Baton Rouge , Louisiana 70803-1804 , United States
| | - Huy Nguyenhuu
- Department of Chemistry , Louisiana State University , Baton Rouge , Louisiana 70803-1804 , United States
| | - Visal Subasinghege Don
- Department of Chemistry , Louisiana State University , Baton Rouge , Louisiana 70803-1804 , United States
| | - Raju R Kumal
- Department of Chemistry , Louisiana State University , Baton Rouge , Louisiana 70803-1804 , United States
| | - Revati Kumar
- Department of Chemistry , Louisiana State University , Baton Rouge , Louisiana 70803-1804 , United States
| | - Robin L McCarley
- Department of Chemistry , Louisiana State University , Baton Rouge , Louisiana 70803-1804 , United States
| | - Louis H Haber
- Department of Chemistry , Louisiana State University , Baton Rouge , Louisiana 70803-1804 , United States
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23
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Sharifian Gh M, Wilhelm MJ, Moore M, Dai HL. Spatially Resolved Membrane Transport in a Single Cell Imaged by Second Harmonic Light Scattering. Biochemistry 2019; 58:1841-1844. [PMID: 30912648 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.9b00110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrate that time-resolved second harmonic (SH) light scattering, when applied as an imaging modality, can be used to spatially resolve the adsorption and transport rates of molecules diffusing across the membrane in a living cell. As a representative example, we measure the passive transport of the amphiphilic ion, malachite green, across the plasma membrane in living human dermal fibroblast cells. Analysis of the time-resolved SH images reveals that membrane regions, which appear to be enduring higher stress, exhibit slower transport rates. It is proposed that this stress-transport relation may be a result of local enrichment of membrane rigidifiers as part of a response to maintain membrane integrity under strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Sharifian Gh
- Department of Chemistry , Temple University , 1901 N. 13th Street , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19122 , United States
| | - Michael J Wilhelm
- Department of Chemistry , Temple University , 1901 N. 13th Street , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19122 , United States
| | - Michael Moore
- Optical Science Center for Applied Research , Delaware State University , Dover , Delaware 19904 , United States
| | - Hai-Lung Dai
- Department of Chemistry , Temple University , 1901 N. 13th Street , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19122 , United States
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