1
|
Sepali C, Gómez S, Grifoni E, Giovannini T, Cappelli C. Computational Spectroscopy of Aqueous Solutions: The Underlying Role of Conformational Sampling. J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:5083-5091. [PMID: 38733374 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.4c01443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Fully atomistic multiscale polarizable quantum mechanics (QM)/molecular mechanics (MM) approaches, combined with techniques to sample the solute-solvent phase space, constitute the most accurate method to compute spectral signals in aqueous solution. Conventional sampling strategies, such as classical molecular dynamics (MD), may encounter drawbacks when the conformational space is particularly complex, and transition barriers between conformers are high. This can lead to inaccurate sampling, which can potentially impact the accuracy of spectral calculations. For this reason, in this work, we compare classical MD with enhanced sampling techniques, i.e., replica exchange MD and metadynamics. In particular, we show how the different sampling techniques affect computed UV, electronic circular dichroism, nuclear magnetic resonance shielding, and optical rotatory dispersion of N-acetylproline-amide in aqueous solution. Such a system is a model peptide characterized by complex conformational variability. Calculated values suggest that spectral properties are influenced by solute conformers, relative population, and solvent effects; therefore, particular care needs to be paid for when choosing the sampling technique.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Sepali
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Sara Gómez
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Emanuele Grifoni
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Chiara Cappelli
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gómez S, Ambrosetti M, Giovannini T, Cappelli C. Close-Up Look at Electronic Spectroscopic Signatures of Common Pharmaceuticals in Solution. J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:2432-2446. [PMID: 38416564 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c07795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Simulating electronic properties and spectral signals requires robust computational approaches that need tuning with the system's peculiarities. In this paper, we test implicit and fully atomistic solvation models for the calculation of UV-vis and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra of two pharmaceutically relevant molecules, namely, (2S)-captopril and (S)-naproxen, dissolved in aqueous solution. Room temperature molecular dynamics simulations reveal that these two drugs establish strong contacts with the surrounding solvent molecules via hydrogen bonds. Such specific interactions, which play a major role in the spectral response and are neglected in implicit approaches, are further characterized and quantified with natural bond orbital methods. Our calculations show that simulated spectra, and especially ECD, are in good agreement with experiments solely when conformational and configurational dynamics, mutual polarization, and solute-solvent repulsion effects are considered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Gómez
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Classe di Scienze, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, Pisa 56126, Italy
| | - Matteo Ambrosetti
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Classe di Scienze, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, Pisa 56126, Italy
| | - Tommaso Giovannini
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Classe di Scienze, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, Pisa 56126, Italy
| | - Chiara Cappelli
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Classe di Scienze, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, Pisa 56126, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sepali C, Lafiosca P, Gómez S, Giovannini T, Cappelli C. Effective fully polarizable QM/MM approaches to compute Raman and Raman Optical Activity spectra in aqueous solution. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 305:123485. [PMID: 37827000 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Raman and Raman Optical Activity (ROA) signals are amply affected by solvent effects, especially in the presence of strongly solute-solvent interactions such as Hydrogen Bonding (HB). In this work, we extend the fully atomistic polarizable Quantum Mechanics/Molecular Mechanics approach, based on the Fluctuating Charges and Fluctuating Dipoles force field to the calculation of Raman and ROA spectra. Such an approach is able to accurately describe specific HB interactions, by also accounting for anisotropic contributions due to the inclusion of fluctuating dipoles. To highlight the potentiality of the novel approach, Raman and ROA spectra of L-Serine and L-Cysteine dissolved in aqueous solution are computed and compared both with alternative theoretical approaches and experimental measurements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Sepali
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri, 7, Pisa, 56126, Italy
| | - Piero Lafiosca
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri, 7, Pisa, 56126, Italy
| | - Sara Gómez
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri, 7, Pisa, 56126, Italy
| | | | - Chiara Cappelli
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri, 7, Pisa, 56126, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lafiosca P, Rossi F, Egidi F, Giovannini T, Cappelli C. Multiscale Frozen Density Embedding/Molecular Mechanics Approach for Simulating Magnetic Response Properties of Solvated Systems. J Chem Theory Comput 2024; 20:266-279. [PMID: 38109486 PMCID: PMC10782454 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.3c00850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
We present a three-layer hybrid quantum mechanical/quantum embedding/molecular mechanics approach for calculating nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) shieldings and J-couplings of molecular systems in solution. The model is based on the frozen density embedding (FDE) and polarizable fluctuating charges (FQ) and fluctuating dipoles (FQFμ) force fields and permits the accurate ab initio description of short-range nonelectrostatic interactions by means of the FDE shell and cost-effective treatment of long-range electrostatic interactions through the polarizable force field FQ(Fμ). Our approach's accuracy and potential are demonstrated by studying NMR spectra of Brooker's merocyanine in aqueous and nonaqueous solutions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Piero Lafiosca
- Scuola
Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Federico Rossi
- Scuola
Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Franco Egidi
- Software
for Chemistry and Materials BV, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Chiara Cappelli
- Scuola
Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Giovannini T, Marrazzini G, Scavino M, Koch H, Cappelli C. Integrated Multiscale Multilevel Approach to Open Shell Molecular Systems. J Chem Theory Comput 2023; 19:1446-1456. [PMID: 36780359 PMCID: PMC10018740 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.2c00805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
We present a novel multiscale approach to study the electronic structure of open shell molecular systems embedded in an external environment. The method is based on the coupling of multilevel Hartree-Fock (MLHF) and Density Functional Theory (MLDFT), suitably extended to the unrestricted formalism, to Molecular Mechanics (MM) force fields (FF). Within the ML region, the system is divided into active and inactive parts, thus describing the most relevant interactions (electrostatic, polarization, and Pauli repulsion) at the quantum level. The surrounding MM part, which is formulated in terms of nonpolarizable or polarizable FFs, permits a physically consistent treatment of long-range electrostatics and polarization effects. The approach is extended to the calculation of hyperfine coupling constants and applied to selected nitroxyl radicals in an aqueous solution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Gioia Marrazzini
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Marco Scavino
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Henrik Koch
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56126 Pisa, Italy.,Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Chiara Cappelli
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Maghsoud Y, Vázquez-Montelongo EA, Yang X, Liu C, Jing Z, Lee J, Harger M, Smith AK, Espinoza M, Guo HF, Kurie JM, Dalby KN, Ren P, Cisneros GA. Computational Investigation of a Series of Small Molecules as Potential Compounds for Lysyl Hydroxylase-2 (LH2) Inhibition. J Chem Inf Model 2023; 63:986-1001. [PMID: 36779232 PMCID: PMC10233724 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.2c01448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The catalytic function of lysyl hydroxylase-2 (LH2), a member of the Fe(II)/αKG-dependent oxygenase superfamily, is to catalyze the hydroxylation of lysine to hydroxylysine in collagen, resulting in stable hydroxylysine aldehyde-derived collagen cross-links (HLCCs). Reports show that high amounts of LH2 lead to the accumulation of HLCCs, causing fibrosis and specific types of cancer metastasis. Some members of the Fe(II)/αKG-dependent family have also been reported to have intramolecular O2 tunnels, which aid in transporting one of the required cosubstrates into the active site. While LH2 can be a promising target to combat these diseases, efficacious inhibitors are still lacking. We have used computational simulations to investigate a series of 44 small molecules as lead compounds for LH2 inhibition. Tunneling analyses indicate the existence of several intramolecular tunnels. The lengths of the calculated O2-transporting tunnels in holoenzymes are relatively longer than those in the apoenzyme, suggesting that the ligands may affect the enzyme's structure and possibly block (at least partially) the tunnels. The sequence alignment analysis between LH enzymes from different organisms shows that all of the amino acid residues with the highest occurrence rate in the oxygen tunnels are conserved. Our results suggest that the enolate form of diketone compounds establishes stronger interactions with the Fe(II) in the active site. Branching the enolate compounds with functional groups such as phenyl and pyridinyl enhances the interaction with various residues around the active site. Our results provide information about possible leads for further LH2 inhibition design and development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yazdan Maghsoud
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Erik Antonio Vázquez-Montelongo
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, United States
| | - Xudong Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Chengwen Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Zhifeng Jing
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Juhoon Lee
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Matthew Harger
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Ally K Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76201, United States
| | - Miguel Espinoza
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76201, United States
| | - Hou-Fu Guo
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, College of Medicine, The University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536, United States
| | - Jonathan M Kurie
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Kevin N Dalby
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Pengyu Ren
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - G Andrés Cisneros
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
- Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Nicoli L, Giovannini T, Cappelli C. Assessing the quality of QM/MM approaches to describe vacuo-to-water solvatochromic shifts. J Chem Phys 2022; 157:214101. [PMID: 36511555 DOI: 10.1063/5.0118664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The performance of different quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics embedding models to compute vacuo-to-water solvatochromic shifts is investigated. In particular, both nonpolarizable and polarizable approaches are analyzed and computed results are compared to reference experimental data. We show that none of the approaches outperform the others and that errors strongly depend on the nature of the molecular transition to be described. Thus, we prove that the best choice of embedding model highly depends on the molecular system and that the use of a specific approach as a black box can lead to significant errors and, sometimes, totally wrong predictions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Nicoli
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Chiara Cappelli
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Gómez S, Giovannini T, Cappelli C. Multiple Facets of Modeling Electronic Absorption Spectra of Systems in Solution. ACS PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY AU 2022; 3:1-16. [PMID: 36718266 PMCID: PMC9881242 DOI: 10.1021/acsphyschemau.2c00050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In this Perspective, we outline the essential physicochemical aspects that need to be considered when building a reliable approach to describe absorption properties of solvated systems. In particular, we focus on how to properly model the complexity of the solvation phenomenon, arising from dynamical aspects and specific, strong solute-solvent interactions. To this end, conformational and configurational sampling techniques, such as Molecular Dynamics, have to be coupled to accurate fully atomistic Quantum Mechanical/Molecular Mechanics (QM/MM) methodologies. By exploiting different illustrative applications, we show that an effective reproduction of experimental spectral signals can be achieved by delicately balancing exhaustive sampling, hydrogen bonding, mutual polarization, and nonelectrostatic effects.
Collapse
|
9
|
Pei Z, Mao Y, Shao Y, Liang W. Analytic high-order energy derivatives for metal nanoparticle-mediated infrared and Raman scattering spectra within the framework of quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics model with induced charges and dipoles. J Chem Phys 2022; 157:164110. [PMID: 36319412 PMCID: PMC9616608 DOI: 10.1063/5.0118205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This work is devoted to deriving and implementing analytic second- and third-order energy derivatives with respect to the nuclear coordinates and external electric field within the framework of the hybrid quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics method with induced charges and dipoles (QM/DIM). Using these analytic energy derivatives, one can efficiently compute the harmonic vibrational frequencies, infrared (IR) and Raman scattering (RS) spectra of the molecule in the proximity of noble metal clusters/nanoparticles. The validity and accuracy of these analytic implementations are demonstrated by the comparison of results obtained by the finite-difference method and the analytic approaches and by the full QM and QM/DIM calculations. The complexes formed by pyridine and two sizes of gold clusters (Au18 and Au32) at varying intersystem distances of 3, 4, and 5 Å are used as the test systems, and Raman spectra of 4,4'-bipyridine in the proximity of Au2057 and Ag2057 metal nanoparticles (MNP) are calculated by the QM/DIM method and compared with experimental results as well. We find that the QM/DIM model can well reproduce the IR spectra obtained from full QM calculations for all the configurations, while although it properly enhances some of the vibrational modes, it artificially overestimates RS spectral intensities of several modes for the systems with very short intersystem distance. We show that this could be improved, however, by incorporating the hyperpolarizability of the gold metal cluster in the evaluation of RS intensities. Additionally, we address the potential impact of charge migration between the adsorbate and MNPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuezhi Mao
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Yihan Shao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, USA
| | - WanZhen Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Giovannini T, Bonatti L, Lafiosca P, Nicoli L, Castagnola M, Illobre PG, Corni S, Cappelli C. Do We Really Need Quantum Mechanics to Describe Plasmonic Properties of Metal Nanostructures? ACS PHOTONICS 2022; 9:3025-3034. [PMID: 36164484 PMCID: PMC9502030 DOI: 10.1021/acsphotonics.2c00761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Optical properties of metal nanostructures are the basis of several scientific and technological applications. When the nanostructure characteristic size is of the order of few nm or less, it is generally accepted that only a description that explicitly describes electrons by quantum mechanics can reproduce faithfully its optical response. For example, the plasmon resonance shift upon shrinking the nanostructure size (red-shift for simple metals, blue-shift for d-metals such as gold and silver) is universally accepted to originate from the quantum nature of the system. Here we show instead that an atomistic approach based on classical physics, ωFQFμ (frequency dependent fluctuating charges and fluctuating dipoles), is able to reproduce all the typical "quantum" size effects, such as the sign and the magnitude of the plasmon shift, the progressive loss of the plasmon resonance for gold, the atomistically detailed features in the induced electron density, and the non local effects in the nanoparticle response. To support our findings, we compare the ωFQFμ results for Ag and Au with literature time-dependent DFT simulations, showing the capability of fully classical physics to reproduce these TDDFT results. Only electron tunneling between nanostructures emerges as a genuine quantum mechanical effect, that we had to include in the model by an ad hoc term.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Giovannini
- Scuola
Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- E-mail:
| | - Luca Bonatti
- Scuola
Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Piero Lafiosca
- Scuola
Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Luca Nicoli
- Scuola
Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | - Stefano Corni
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche, Università di
Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
- Istituto
di Nanoscienze del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche CNR-NANO, via Campi 213/A, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Chiara Cappelli
- Scuola
Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Paul AC, Folkestad SD, Myhre RH, Koch H. Oscillator Strengths in the Framework of Equation of Motion Multilevel CC3. J Chem Theory Comput 2022; 18:5246-5258. [PMID: 35921447 PMCID: PMC9476665 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.2c00164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
We present an efficient implementation of the equation
of motion
oscillator strengths for the closed-shell multilevel coupled cluster
singles and doubles with perturbative triples method (MLCC3) in the
electronic structure program eT. The orbital space is split into an active part treated with
CC3 and an inactive part computed at the coupled cluster singles and
doubles (CCSD) level of theory. Asymptotically, the CC3 contribution
scales as floating-point operations, where nV is the total number of virtual orbitals while nv and no are the
number of active virtual and occupied orbitals, respectively. The
CC3 contribution, thus, only scales linearly with the full system
size and can become negligible compared to the cost of CCSD. We demonstrate
the capabilities of our implementation by calculating the ultraviolet–visible
spectrum of azobenzene and a core excited state of betaine 30 with
more than 1000 molecular orbitals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander C Paul
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Sarai Dery Folkestad
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Rolf H Myhre
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Henrik Koch
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU, 7491 Trondheim, Norway.,Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavaleri 7, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Gómez S, Bottari C, Egidi F, Giovannini T, Rossi B, Cappelli C. Amide Spectral Fingerprints are Hydrogen Bonding-Mediated. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:6200-6207. [PMID: 35770492 PMCID: PMC9272440 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c01277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The origin of the peculiar amide spectral features of proteins in aqueous solution is investigated, by exploiting a combined theoretical and experimental approach to study UV Resonance Raman (RR) spectra of peptide molecular models, namely N-acetylglycine-N-methylamide (NAGMA) and N-acetylalanine-N-methylamide (NALMA). UVRR spectra are recorded by tuning Synchrotron Radiation at several excitation wavelengths and modeled by using a recently developed multiscale protocol based on a polarizable QM/MM approach. Thanks to the unparalleled agreement between theory and experiment, we demonstrate that specific hydrogen bond interactions, which dominate hydration dynamics around these solutes, play a crucial role in the selective enhancement of amide signals. These results further argue the capability of vibrational spectroscopy methods as valuable tools for refined structural analysis of peptides and proteins in aqueous solution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Gómez
- Scuola
Normale Superiore, Classe di Scienze, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Cettina Bottari
- Elettra
Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., S. S. 14 Km 163.5 in Area Science Park, I-34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - Franco Egidi
- Scuola
Normale Superiore, Classe di Scienze, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Tommaso Giovannini
- Scuola
Normale Superiore, Classe di Scienze, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Barbara Rossi
- Elettra
Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., S. S. 14 Km 163.5 in Area Science Park, I-34149, Trieste, Italy
- Department
of Physics, University of Trento, via Sommarive 14, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - Chiara Cappelli
- Scuola
Normale Superiore, Classe di Scienze, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Nottoli M, Mazzeo P, Lipparini F, Cupellini L, Mennucci B. A ΔSCF model for excited states within a polarisable embedding. Mol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2022.2089605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michele Nottoli
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Patrizia Mazzeo
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa, Italy
| | - Filippo Lipparini
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Cupellini
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Benedetta Mennucci
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Liang W, Pei Z, Mao Y, Shao Y. Evaluation of molecular photophysical and photochemical properties using linear response time-dependent density functional theory with classical embedding: Successes and challenges. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:210901. [PMID: 35676148 PMCID: PMC9162785 DOI: 10.1063/5.0088271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) based approaches have been developed in recent years to model the excited-state properties and transition processes of the molecules in the gas-phase and in a condensed medium, such as in a solution and protein microenvironment or near semiconductor and metal surfaces. In the latter case, usually, classical embedding models have been adopted to account for the molecular environmental effects, leading to the multi-scale approaches of TDDFT/polarizable continuum model (PCM) and TDDFT/molecular mechanics (MM), where a molecular system of interest is designated as the quantum mechanical region and treated with TDDFT, while the environment is usually described using either a PCM or (non-polarizable or polarizable) MM force fields. In this Perspective, we briefly review these TDDFT-related multi-scale models with a specific emphasis on the implementation of analytical energy derivatives, such as the energy gradient and Hessian, the nonadiabatic coupling, the spin-orbit coupling, and the transition dipole moment as well as their nuclear derivatives for various radiative and radiativeless transition processes among electronic states. Three variations of the TDDFT method, the Tamm-Dancoff approximation to TDDFT, spin-flip DFT, and spin-adiabatic TDDFT, are discussed. Moreover, using a model system (pyridine-Ag20 complex), we emphasize that caution is needed to properly account for system-environment interactions within the TDDFT/MM models. Specifically, one should appropriately damp the electrostatic embedding potential from MM atoms and carefully tune the van der Waals interaction potential between the system and the environment. We also highlight the lack of proper treatment of charge transfer between the quantum mechanics and MM regions as well as the need for accelerated TDDFT modelings and interpretability, which calls for new method developments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- WanZhen Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zheng Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuezhi Mao
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Yihan Shao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Computational hints for the simultaneous spectroscopic detection of common contaminants in water. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.118908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
16
|
Cignoni E, Slama V, Cupellini L, Mennucci B. The atomistic modeling of light-harvesting complexes from the physical models to the computational protocol. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:120901. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0086275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The function of light-harvesting complexes is determined by a complex network of dynamic interactions among all the different components: the aggregate of pigments, the protein, and the surrounding environment. Complete and reliable predictions on these types of composite systems can be only achieved with an atomistic description. In the last few decades, there have been important advances in the atomistic modeling of light-harvesting complexes. These advances have involved both the completeness of the physical models and the accuracy and effectiveness of the computational protocols. In this Perspective, we present an overview of the main theoretical and computational breakthroughs attained so far in the field, with particular focus on the important role played by the protein and its dynamics. We then discuss the open problems in their accurate modeling that still need to be addressed. To illustrate an effective computational workflow for the modeling of light harvesting complexes, we take as an example the plant antenna complex CP29 and its H111N mutant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo Cignoni
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, University of Pisa, via G. Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Vladislav Slama
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, University of Pisa, via G. Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Cupellini
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, University of Pisa, via G. Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Benedetta Mennucci
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, University of Pisa, via G. Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Lafiosca P, Gómez S, Giovannini T, Cappelli C. Absorption Properties of Large Complex Molecular Systems: The DFTB/Fluctuating Charge Approach. J Chem Theory Comput 2022; 18:1765-1779. [PMID: 35184553 PMCID: PMC8908768 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.1c01066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
![]()
We report on the
first formulation of a novel polarizable QM/MM
approach, where the density functional tight binding (DFTB) is coupled
to the fluctuating charge (FQ) force field. The resulting method (DFTB/FQ)
is then extended to the linear response within the TD-DFTB framework
and challenged to study absorption spectra of large condensed-phase
systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Piero Lafiosca
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Classe di Scienze, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Sara Gómez
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Classe di Scienze, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Tommaso Giovannini
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Classe di Scienze, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Chiara Cappelli
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Classe di Scienze, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Yokogawa D, Suda K. Analytical second derivatives of the free energy in solution by the reference interaction site model self-consistent field explicitly including constrained spatial electron density distribution. J Chem Phys 2021; 155:204102. [PMID: 34852465 DOI: 10.1063/5.0067248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The application of analytical derivative methods to solution systems is important because several chemical reactions occur in solution. The reference interaction site model (RISM) is one of the solvation theories used to study solution systems and has shown good performance, especially in the polar solvent systems. Although the analytical first derivative based on the RISM coupled with quantum methods (RISM-SCF) has already been derived, the analytical second derivative has not been proposed yet. Therefore, in this study, the analytical second derivative was derived using RISM-SCF explicitly including constrained spatial electron density distribution (RISM-SCF-cSED). The performance of this method was validated with the Hessian calculations of formaldehyde and para-nitroaniline in solution, and the results demonstrated that the method accurately calculated frequency values at a small computational cost.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Yokogawa
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - Kayo Suda
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Ambrosetti M, Skoko S, Giovannini T, Cappelli C. Quantum Mechanics/Fluctuating Charge Protocol to Compute Solvatochromic Shifts. J Chem Theory Comput 2021; 17:7146-7156. [PMID: 34619965 PMCID: PMC8582258 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.1c00763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Despite the potentialities
of the quantum mechanics (QM)/fluctuating
charge (FQ) approach to model the spectral properties of solvated
systems, its extensive use has been hampered by the lack of reliable
parametrizations of solvents other than water. In this paper, we substantially
extend the applicability of QM/FQ to solvating environments of different
polarities and hydrogen-bonding capabilities. The reliability and
robustness of the approach are demonstrated by challenging the model
to simulate solvatochromic shifts of four organic chromophores, which
display large shifts when dissolved in apolar, aprotic or polar, protic
solvents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sulejman Skoko
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Chiara Cappelli
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Lafiosca P, Giovannini T, Benzi M, Cappelli C. Going Beyond the Limits of Classical Atomistic Modeling of Plasmonic Nanostructures. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2021; 125:23848-23863. [PMID: 34765073 PMCID: PMC8573767 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.1c04716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Theoretical modeling of plasmonic phenomena is of fundamental importance for rationalizing experimental measurements. Despite the great success of classical continuum modeling, recent technological advances allowing for the fabrication of structures defined at the atomic level require to be modeled through atomistic approaches. From a computational point of view, the latter approaches are generally associated with high computational costs, which have substantially hampered their extensive use. In this work, we report on a computationally fast formulation of a classical, fully atomistic approach, able to accurately describe both metal nanoparticles and graphene-like nanostructures composed of roughly 1 million atoms and characterized by structural defects.
Collapse
|
21
|
Uribe L, Gómez S, Giovannini T, Egidi F, Restrepo A. An efficient and robust procedure to calculate absorption spectra of aqueous charged species applied to NO 2. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:14857-14872. [PMID: 34223573 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp00652e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Accurate calculation of absorption spectra of aqueous NO2- requires rigorously sampling the quantum potential energy surfaces for microsolvation of NO2- with at least five explicit water molecules and embedding the resulting clusters in a continuum solvent accounting for the statistical weighted contributions of individual isomers. This method, which we address as ASCEC + PCM, introduces several desired features when compared against MD simulations derived QM/MM spectra: comparatively fewer explicit solvent molecules to be treated with expensive QM methods, the identification of equilibrium structures in the quantum PES to be used in further vibrational spectroscopy, and the unequivocal identification of cluster orbitals undergoing electronic transitions and charge transfer that originate the spectral bands.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lina Uribe
- Instituto de Química, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín, Colombia.
| | - Sara Gómez
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Classe di Scienze, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56126, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Tommaso Giovannini
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Classe di Scienze, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56126, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Franco Egidi
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Classe di Scienze, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56126, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Albeiro Restrepo
- Instituto de Química, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín, Colombia.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Nochebuena J, Naseem-Khan S, Cisneros GA. Development and application of quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics methods with advanced polarizable potentials. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. COMPUTATIONAL MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2021; 11:e1515. [PMID: 34367343 PMCID: PMC8341087 DOI: 10.1002/wcms.1515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) simulations are a popular approach to study various features of large systems. A common application of QM/MM calculations is in the investigation of reaction mechanisms in condensed-phase and biological systems. The combination of QM and MM methods to represent a system gives rise to several challenges that need to be addressed. The increase in computational speed has allowed the expanded use of more complicated and accurate methods for both QM and MM simulations. Here, we review some approaches that address several common challenges encountered in QM/MM simulations with advanced polarizable potentials, from methods to account for boundary across covalent bonds and long-range effects, to polarization and advanced embedding potentials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Nochebuena
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, USA
| | - Sehr Naseem-Khan
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, USA
| | - G Andrés Cisneros
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Egidi F, Angelico S, Lafiosca P, Giovannini T, Cappelli C. A polarizable three-layer frozen density embedding/molecular mechanics approach. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:164107. [PMID: 33940798 DOI: 10.1063/5.0045574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We present a novel multilayer polarizable embedding approach in which the system is divided into three portions, two of which are treated using density functional theory and their interaction is based on frozen density embedding (FDE) theory, and both also mutually interact with a polarizable classical layer described using an atomistic model based on fluctuating charges (FQ). The efficacy of the model is demonstrated by extending the formalism to linear response properties and applying it to the simulation of the excitation energies of organic molecules in aqueous solution, where the solute and the first solvation shell are treated using FDE, while the rest of the solvent is modeled using FQ charges.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Franco Egidi
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Sara Angelico
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Piero Lafiosca
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Tommaso Giovannini
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Chiara Cappelli
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Marrazzini G, Giovannini T, Scavino M, Egidi F, Cappelli C, Koch H. Multilevel Density Functional Theory. J Chem Theory Comput 2021; 17:791-803. [PMID: 33449681 PMCID: PMC7880574 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.0c00940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Following recent
developments in multilevel embedding methods,
we introduce a novel density matrix-based multilevel approach within
the framework of density functional theory (DFT). In this multilevel
DFT, the system is partitioned in an active and an inactive fragment,
and all interactions are retained between the two parts. The decomposition
of the total system is performed upon the density matrix. The orthogonality
between the two parts is maintained by solving the Kohn–Sham
equations in the MO basis for the active part only, while keeping
the inactive density matrix frozen. This results in the reduction
of computational cost. We outline the theory and implementation and
discuss the differences and similarities with state-of-the-art DFT
embedding methods. We present applications to aqueous solutions of
methyloxirane and glycidol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gioia Marrazzini
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Tommaso Giovannini
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Marco Scavino
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Franco Egidi
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Chiara Cappelli
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Henrik Koch
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Folkestad SD, Kjønstad EF, Goletto L, Koch H. Multilevel CC2 and CCSD in Reduced Orbital Spaces: Electronic Excitations in Large Molecular Systems. J Chem Theory Comput 2021; 17:714-726. [PMID: 33417769 PMCID: PMC8016205 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.0c00590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We present efficient implementations of the multilevel CC2 (MLCC2) and multilevel CCSD (MLCCSD) models. As the system size increases, MLCC2 and MLCCSD exhibit the scaling of the lower-level coupled cluster model. To treat large systems, we combine MLCC2 and MLCCSD with a reduced-space approach in which the multilevel coupled cluster calculation is performed in a significantly truncated molecular orbital basis. The truncation scheme is based on the selection of an active region of the molecular system and the subsequent construction of localized Hartree-Fock orbitals. These orbitals are used in the multilevel coupled cluster calculation. The electron repulsion integrals are Cholesky decomposed using a screening protocol that guarantees accuracy in the truncated molecular orbital basis and reduces computational cost. The Cholesky factors are constructed directly in the truncated basis, ensuring low storage requirements. Systems for which Hartree-Fock is too expensive can be treated by using a multilevel Hartree-Fock reference. With the reduced-space approach, we can handle systems with more than a thousand atoms. This is demonstrated for paranitroaniline in aqueous solution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarai Dery Folkestad
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Eirik F Kjønstad
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Linda Goletto
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Henrik Koch
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491, Trondheim, Norway.,Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavaleri 7, Pisa, 56126, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Goletto L, Giovannini T, Folkestad SD, Koch H. Combining multilevel Hartree–Fock and multilevel coupled cluster approaches with molecular mechanics: a study of electronic excitations in solutions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:4413-4425. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cp06359b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We present the coupling of different quantum-embedding approaches with a third molecular-mechanics layer, which can be either polarizable or non-polarizable.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linda Goletto
- Department of Chemistry
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)
- 7491 Trondheim
- Norway
| | - Tommaso Giovannini
- Department of Chemistry
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)
- 7491 Trondheim
- Norway
| | - Sarai D. Folkestad
- Department of Chemistry
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)
- 7491 Trondheim
- Norway
| | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Skoko S, Ambrosetti M, Giovannini T, Cappelli C. Simulating Absorption Spectra of Flavonoids in Aqueous Solution: A Polarizable QM/MM Study. Molecules 2020; 25:E5853. [PMID: 33322361 PMCID: PMC7764712 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25245853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a detailed computational study of the UV/Vis spectra of four relevant flavonoids in aqueous solution, namely luteolin, kaempferol, quercetin, and myricetin. The absorption spectra are simulated by exploiting a fully polarizable quantum mechanical (QM)/molecular mechanics (MM) model, based on the fluctuating charge (FQ) force field. Such a model is coupled with configurational sampling obtained by performing classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The calculated QM/FQ spectra are compared with the experiments. We show that an accurate reproduction of the UV/Vis spectra of the selected flavonoids can be obtained by appropriately taking into account the role of configurational sampling, polarization, and hydrogen bonding interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sulejman Skoko
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, I-56126 Pisa, Italy; (S.S.); (M.A.)
| | - Matteo Ambrosetti
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, I-56126 Pisa, Italy; (S.S.); (M.A.)
| | - Tommaso Giovannini
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway;
| | - Chiara Cappelli
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, I-56126 Pisa, Italy; (S.S.); (M.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Marrazzini G, Giovannini T, Egidi F, Cappelli C. Calculation of Linear and Non-linear Electric Response Properties of Systems in Aqueous Solution: A Polarizable Quantum/Classical Approach with Quantum Repulsion Effects. J Chem Theory Comput 2020; 16:6993-7004. [PMID: 33058671 PMCID: PMC8015238 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.0c00674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
We present a computational study of polarizabilities and hyperpolarizabilities of organic molecules in aqueous solutions, focusing on solute-water interactions and the way they affect a molecule's linear and non-linear electric response properties. We employ a polarizable quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) computational model that treats the solute at the QM level while the solvent is treated classically using a force field that includes polarizable charges and dipoles, which dynamically respond to the solute's quantum-mechanical electron density. Quantum confinement effects are also treated by means of a recently implemented method that endows solvent molecules with a parametric electron density, which exerts Pauli repulsion forces upon the solute. By applying the method to a set of aromatic molecules in solution we show that, for both polarizabilities and first hyperpolarizabilities, observed solution values are the result of a delicate balance between electrostatics, hydrogen-bonding, and non-electrostatic solute solvent interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gioia Marrazzini
- Scuola
Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, Pisa 56126, Italy
| | - Tommaso Giovannini
- Department
of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science
and Technology, Trondheim 7491, Norway
| | - Franco Egidi
- Scuola
Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, Pisa 56126, Italy
| | - Chiara Cappelli
- Scuola
Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, Pisa 56126, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Segalina A, Cerezo J, Prampolini G, Santoro F, Pastore M. Accounting for Vibronic Features through a Mixed Quantum-Classical Scheme: Structure, Dynamics, and Absorption Spectra of a Perylene Diimide Dye in Solution. J Chem Theory Comput 2020; 16:7061-7077. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.0c00919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alekos Segalina
- Université de Lorraine & CNRS, LPCT, UMR 7019, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Javier Cerezo
- Departamento de Química and Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Giacomo Prampolini
- Istituto di Chimica dei Composti Organo Metallici, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, (ICCOM-CNR) SS di Pisa, Area della Ricerca, via G. Moruzzi 1, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Santoro
- Istituto di Chimica dei Composti Organo Metallici, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, (ICCOM-CNR) SS di Pisa, Area della Ricerca, via G. Moruzzi 1, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Giovannini T, Egidi F, Cappelli C. Theory and algorithms for chiroptical properties and spectroscopies of aqueous systems. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:22864-22879. [PMID: 33043930 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp04027d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Chiroptical properties and spectroscopies are valuable tools to study chiral molecules and assign absolute configurations. The spectra that result from chiroptical measurements may be very rich and complex, and hide much of their information content. For this reason, the interplay between experiments and calculations is especially useful, provided that all relevant physico-chemical interactions that are present in the experimental sample are accurately modelled. The inherent difficulty associated to the calculation of chiral signals of systems in aqueous solutions requires the development of specific tools, able to account for the peculiarities of water-solute interactions, and especially its ability to form hydrogen bonds. In this perspective we discuss a multiscale approach, which we have developed and challenged to model the most used chiroptical techniques.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Giovannini
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Giovannini T, Egidi F, Cappelli C. Molecular spectroscopy of aqueous solutions: a theoretical perspective. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:5664-5677. [PMID: 32744278 DOI: 10.1039/c9cs00464e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Computational spectroscopy is an invaluable tool to both accurately reproduce the spectra of molecular systems and provide a rationalization for the underlying physics. However, the inherent difficulty to accurately model systems in aqueous solutions, owing to water's high polarity and ability to form hydrogen bonds, has severely hampered the development of the field. In this tutorial review we present a technique developed and tested in recent years based on a fully atomistic and polarizable classical modeling of water coupled with a quantum mechanical description of the solute. Thanks to its unparalleled accuracy and versatility, this method can change the perspective of computational and experimental chemists alike.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Franco Egidi
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, I-56126 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Chiara Cappelli
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, I-56126 Pisa, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Folkestad SD, Kjønstad EF, Myhre RH, Andersen JH, Balbi A, Coriani S, Giovannini T, Goletto L, Haugland TS, Hutcheson A, Høyvik IM, Moitra T, Paul AC, Scavino M, Skeidsvoll AS, Tveten ÅH, Koch H. e T 1.0: An open source electronic structure program with emphasis on coupled cluster and multilevel methods. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:184103. [PMID: 32414265 DOI: 10.1063/5.0004713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The eT program is an open source electronic structure package with emphasis on coupled cluster and multilevel methods. It includes efficient spin adapted implementations of ground and excited singlet states, as well as equation of motion oscillator strengths, for CCS, CC2, CCSD, and CC3. Furthermore, eT provides unique capabilities such as multilevel Hartree-Fock and multilevel CC2, real-time propagation for CCS and CCSD, and efficient CC3 oscillator strengths. With a coupled cluster code based on an efficient Cholesky decomposition algorithm for the electronic repulsion integrals, eT has similar advantages as codes using density fitting, but with strict error control. Here, we present the main features of the program and demonstrate its performance through example calculations. Because of its availability, performance, and unique capabilities, we expect eT to become a valuable resource to the electronic structure community.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarai D Folkestad
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Eirik F Kjønstad
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Rolf H Myhre
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Josefine H Andersen
- DTU Chemistry-Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Alice Balbi
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri, 7, IT-56126 Pisa, PI, Italy
| | - Sonia Coriani
- DTU Chemistry-Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Tommaso Giovannini
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Linda Goletto
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Tor S Haugland
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Anders Hutcheson
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ida-Marie Høyvik
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Torsha Moitra
- DTU Chemistry-Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Alexander C Paul
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Marco Scavino
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri, 7, IT-56126 Pisa, PI, Italy
| | - Andreas S Skeidsvoll
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Åsmund H Tveten
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Henrik Koch
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Bonatti L, Gil G, Giovannini T, Corni S, Cappelli C. Plasmonic Resonances of Metal Nanoparticles: Atomistic vs. Continuum Approaches. Front Chem 2020; 8:340. [PMID: 32457870 PMCID: PMC7221199 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The fully atomistic model, ωFQ, based on textbook concepts (Drude theory, electrostatics, quantum tunneling) and recently developed by some of the present authors in Nanoscale, 11, 6004-6015 is applied to the calculation of the optical properties of complex Na, Ag, and Au nanostructures. In ωFQ, each atom of the nanostructures is endowed with an electric charge that can vary according to the external electric field. The electric conductivity between nearest atoms is modeled by adopting the Drude model, which is reformulated in terms of electric charges. Quantum tunneling effects are considered by letting the dielectric response of the system arise from atom-atom conductivity. ωFQ is challenged to reproduce the optical response of metal nanoparticles of different sizes and shapes, and its performance is compared with continuum Boundary Element Method (BEM) calculations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Bonatti
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, Pisa, Italy
| | - Gabriel Gil
- Institute of Cybernetics, Mathematics and Physics (ICIMAF), La Habana, Cuba
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Tommaso Giovannini
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Stefano Corni
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Institute of Nanoscience, National Research Council (CNR), Modena, Italy
| | - Chiara Cappelli
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, Pisa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Gómez S, Giovannini T, Cappelli C. Absorption spectra of xanthines in aqueous solution: a computational study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:5929-5941. [PMID: 32115599 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp05420k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We present a detailed computational analysis of the UV/Vis spectra of caffeine, paraxanthine and theophylline in aqueous solution. A hierarchy of solvation approaches for modeling the aqueous environment have been tested, ranging from the continuum model to the non-polarizable and polarizable quantum mechanical (QM)/molecular mechanics (MM) models, with and without the explicit inclusion of water molecules in the QM portion. The computed results are directly compared with the experimental data, thus highlighting the role of electrostatic, polarization and hydrogen boding solute-solvent interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Gómez
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Classe di Scienze, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Giovannini T, Ambrosetti M, Cappelli C. Quantum Confinement Effects on Solvatochromic Shifts of Molecular Solutes. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:5823-5829. [PMID: 31518133 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b02318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate the pivotal role of quantum mechanics density confinement effects on solvatochromic shifts. In particular, by resorting to a quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) approach capable of accounting for confinement effects we successfully reproduce vacuo-to-water solvatochromic shifts for dark n → π* and bright π → π* transitions of acrolein and dark n → π* transitions of pyridine and pyrimidine without the need of including explicit water molecules in the QM portion. Remarkably, our approach is also able to dissect the effects of the single forces acting on the solute-solvent couple and allows for a rationalization of the experimental findings in terms of physicochemical quantities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Giovannini
- Department of Chemistry , Norwegian University of Science and Technology , 7491 Trondheim , Norway
| | - Matteo Ambrosetti
- Scuola Normale Superiore , Piazza dei Cavalieri 7 , 56126 Pisa , Italy
| | - Chiara Cappelli
- Scuola Normale Superiore , Piazza dei Cavalieri 7 , 56126 Pisa , Italy
| |
Collapse
|