1
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Bulgarin H, Thomberg T, Lust A, Nerut J, Koppel M, Romann T, Palm R, Månsson M, Vana M, Junninen H, Külaviir M, Paiste P, Kirsimäe K, Punapart M, Viru L, Merits A, Lust E. Enhanced and copper concentration dependent virucidal effect against SARS-CoV-2 of electrospun poly(vinylidene difluoride) filter materials. iScience 2024; 27:109835. [PMID: 38799576 PMCID: PMC11126773 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Virucidal filter materials were prepared by electrospinning a solution of 28 wt % poly(vinylidene difluoride) in N,N-dimethylacetamide without and with the addition of 0.25 wt %, 0.75 wt %, 2.0 wt %, or 3.5 wt % Cu(NO3)2 · 2.5H2O as virucidal agent. The fabricated materials had a uniform and defect free fibrous structure and even distribution of copper nanoclusters. X-ray diffraction analysis showed that during the electrospinning process, Cu(NO3)2 · 2.5H2O changed into Cu2(NO3)(OH)3. Electrospun filter materials obtained by electrospinning were essentially macroporous. Smaller pores of copper nanoclusters containing materials resulted in higher particle filtration than those without copper nanoclusters. Electrospun filter material fabricated with the addition of 2.0 wt % and 3.5 wt % of Cu(NO3)2 · 2.5H2O in a spinning solution showed significant virucidal activity, and there was 2.5 ± 0.35 and 3.2 ± 0.30 logarithmic reduction in the concentration of infectious SARS-CoV-2 within 12 h, respectively. The electrospun filter materials were stable as they retained virucidal activity for three months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Bulgarin
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Thomas Thomberg
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Andres Lust
- Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Jaak Nerut
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Miriam Koppel
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Tavo Romann
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Rasmus Palm
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
- Department of Applied Physics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Martin Månsson
- Department of Applied Physics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marko Vana
- Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, W. Ostwald 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Heikki Junninen
- Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, W. Ostwald 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Marian Külaviir
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Päärn Paiste
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Kalle Kirsimäe
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Marite Punapart
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Liane Viru
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Andres Merits
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Enn Lust
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
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2
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Krishna SBN, Jakmunee J, Mishra YK, Prakash J. ZnO based 0-3D diverse nano-architectures, films and coatings for biomedical applications. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:2950-2984. [PMID: 38426529 DOI: 10.1039/d4tb00184b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Thin-film nano-architecting is a promising approach that controls the properties of nanoscale surfaces to increase their interdisciplinary applications in a variety of fields. In this context, zinc oxide (ZnO)-based various nano-architectures (0-3D) such as quantum dots, nanorods/nanotubes, nanothin films, tetrapods, nanoflowers, hollow structures, etc. have been extensively researched by the scientific community in the past decade. Owing to its unique surface charge transport properties, optoelectronic properties and reported biomedical applications, ZnO has been considered as one of the most important futuristic bio-nanomaterials. This review is focused on the design/synthesis and engineering of 0-3D nano-architecture ZnO-based thin films and coatings with tunable characteristics for multifunctional biomedical applications. Although ZnO has been extensively researched, ZnO thin films composed of 0-3D nanoarchitectures with promising thin film device bio-nanotechnology applications have rarely been reviewed. The current review focuses on important details about the technologies used to make ZnO-based thin films, as well as the customization of properties related to bioactivities, characterization, and device fabrication for modern biomedical uses that are relevant. It features biosensing, tissue engineering/wound healing, antibacterial, antiviral, and anticancer activity, as well as biomedical diagnosis and therapy with an emphasis on a better understanding of the mechanisms of action. Eventually, key issues, experimental parameters and factors, open challenges, etc. in thin film device fabrications and applications, and future prospects will be discussed, followed by a summary and conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh Babu Naidu Krishna
- Institute for Water and Wastewater Technology, Durban University of Technology, Durban-4000, South Africa
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Technology, Durban University of Technology, Durban-4000, South Africa
| | - Jaroon Jakmunee
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Yogendra Kumar Mishra
- Mads Clausen Institute, NanoSYD, University of Southern Denmark, Alsion 2, 6400, Sønderborg, Denmark
| | - Jai Prakash
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Hamirpur, Hamirpur 177005, (H.P.), India.
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3
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Hilton J, Nanao Y, Flokstra M, Askari M, Smith TK, Di Falco A, King PDC, Wahl P, Adamson CS. The role of ion dissolution in metal and metal oxide surface inactivation of SARS-CoV-2. Appl Environ Microbiol 2024; 90:e0155323. [PMID: 38259079 PMCID: PMC10880620 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01553-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Anti-viral surface coatings are under development to prevent viral fomite transmission from high-traffic touch surfaces in public spaces. Copper's anti-viral properties have been widely documented, but the anti-viral mechanism of copper surfaces is not fully understood. We screened a series of metal and metal oxide surfaces for anti-viral activity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Copper and copper oxide surfaces exhibited superior anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity; however, the level of anti-viral activity was dependent on the composition of the carrier solution used to deliver virus inoculum. We demonstrate that copper ions released into solution from test surfaces can mediate virus inactivation, indicating a copper ion dissolution-dependent anti-viral mechanism. The level of anti-viral activity is, however, not dependent on the amount of copper ions released into solution per se. Instead, our findings suggest that degree of virus inactivation is dependent on copper ion complexation with other biomolecules (e.g., proteins/metabolites) in the virus carrier solution that compete with viral components. Although using tissue culture-derived virus inoculum is experimentally convenient to evaluate the anti-viral activity of copper-derived test surfaces, we propose that the high organic content of tissue culture medium reduces the availability of "uncomplexed" copper ions to interact with the virus, negatively affecting virus inactivation and hence surface anti-viral performance. We propose that laboratory anti-viral surface testing should include virus delivered in a physiologically relevant carrier solution (saliva or nasal secretions when testing respiratory viruses) to accurately predict real-life surface anti-viral performance when deployed in public spaces.IMPORTANCEThe purpose of evaluating the anti-viral activity of test surfaces in the laboratory is to identify surfaces that will perform efficiently in preventing fomite transmission when deployed on high-traffic touch surfaces in public spaces. The conventional method in laboratory testing is to use tissue culture-derived virus inoculum; however, this study demonstrates that anti-viral performance of test copper-containing surfaces is dependent on the composition of the carrier solution in which the virus inoculum is delivered to test surfaces. Therefore, we recommend that laboratory surface testing should include virus delivered in a physiologically relevant carrier solution to accurately predict real-life test surface performance in public spaces. Understanding the mechanism of virus inactivation is key to future rational design of improved anti-viral surfaces. Here, we demonstrate that release of copper ions from copper surfaces into small liquid droplets containing SARS-CoV-2 is a mechanism by which the virus that causes COVID-19 can be inactivated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Hilton
- Biomedical Sciences Research Complex, School of Biology, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, United Kingdom
| | - Yoshiko Nanao
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, United Kingdom
| | - Machiel Flokstra
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, United Kingdom
| | - Meisam Askari
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, United Kingdom
| | - Terry K. Smith
- Biomedical Sciences Research Complex, School of Biology, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, United Kingdom
| | - Andrea Di Falco
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, United Kingdom
| | - Phil D. C. King
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Wahl
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, United Kingdom
| | - Catherine S. Adamson
- Biomedical Sciences Research Complex, School of Biology, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, United Kingdom
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4
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Restivo E, Pugliese D, Gallichi-Nottiani D, Sammartino JC, Bloise N, Peluso E, Percivalle E, Janner D, Milanese D, Visai L. Effect of Low Copper Doping on the Optical, Cytocompatible, Antibacterial, and SARS-CoV-2 Trapping Properties of Calcium Phosphate Glasses. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:42264-42274. [PMID: 38024754 PMCID: PMC10652837 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c04293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Calcium phosphate glasses (CPGs) are acquiring great importance in the biomedical field because of their thermomechanical and bioresorbable properties. In this study, optically transparent copper (1 mol %)-doped calcium phosphate glasses (CPGs_Cu) were prepared through the melt-quenching method, and their biocompatibility and antibacterial and antiviral properties were evaluated and compared with undoped CPGs. Biocompatibility was evaluated on murine fibroblast NIH-3T3 cells as a preliminary study of cytocompatibility. The in vitro tests were performed through indirect and direct cytotoxicity analyses by MTT and Alamar Blue assays and supported by electron microscopy observations. Microbiological analyses were performed against the most common Gram-negative and Gram-positive pathogens that cause nosocomial infections: Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, and the methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strain. In addition, the bioglass samples were exposed to SARS-CoV-2 to assess their effects on viral survival. The obtained results assessed the biocompatibility of both bioglass types and their ability to reduce the viral load and trap the virus. In addition, Cu2+-doped bioglass was found to be antibacterial despite its low content (1 mol %) of copper, making this a promising candidate material for biomedical applications, e.g., surgery probes, drug delivery, and photodynamic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Restivo
- Department
of Molecular Medicine, Center for Health Technologies, UdR INSTM, University of Pavia, Pavia27100,Italy
| | - Diego Pugliese
- Department
of Applied Science and Technology, UdR INSTM, Politecnico di Torino, Torino10129,Italy
| | | | - José Camilla Sammartino
- Department
of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia27100,Italy
| | - Nora Bloise
- Department
of Molecular Medicine, Center for Health Technologies, UdR INSTM, University of Pavia, Pavia27100,Italy
- Medicina
Clinica-Specialistica, UOR5 Laboratorio di Nanotecnologie, ICS Maugeri, IRCCS, Pavia27100,Italy
| | - Emanuela Peluso
- Department
of Molecular Medicine, Center for Health Technologies, UdR INSTM, University of Pavia, Pavia27100,Italy
| | - Elena Percivalle
- Molecular
Virology Unit, Microbiology and Virology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia27100,Italy
| | - Davide Janner
- Department
of Applied Science and Technology, UdR INSTM, Politecnico di Torino, Torino10129,Italy
| | - Daniel Milanese
- Department
of Engineering and Architecture, UdR INSTM, University of Parma, Parma43121,Italy
| | - Livia Visai
- Department
of Molecular Medicine, Center for Health Technologies, UdR INSTM, University of Pavia, Pavia27100,Italy
- Medicina
Clinica-Specialistica, UOR5 Laboratorio di Nanotecnologie, ICS Maugeri, IRCCS, Pavia27100,Italy
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5
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Rashed AO, Huynh C, Merenda A, Rodriguez-Andres J, Kong L, Kondo T, Razal JM, Dumée LF. Dry-spun carbon nanotube ultrafiltration membranes tailored by anti-viral metal oxide coatings for human coronavirus 229E capture in water. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2023; 11:110176. [PMID: 37234558 PMCID: PMC10201849 DOI: 10.1016/j.jece.2023.110176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Although waterborne virus removal may be achieved using separation membrane technologies, such technologies remain largely inefficient at generating virus-free effluents due to the lack of anti-viral reactivity of conventional membrane materials required to deactivating viruses. Here, a stepwise approach towards simultaneous filtration and disinfection of Human Coronavirus 229E (HCoV-229E) in water effluents, is proposed by engineering dry-spun ultrafiltration carbon nanotube (CNT) membranes, coated with anti-viral SnO2 thin films via atomic layer deposition. The thickness and pore size of the engineered CNT membranes were fine-tuned by varying spinnable CNT sheets and their relative orientations on carbon nanofibre (CNF) porous supports to reach thicknesses less than 1 µm and pore size around 28 nm. The nanoscale SnO2 coatings were found to further reduce the pore size down to ∼21 nm and provide more functional groups on the membrane surface to capture the viruses via size exclusion and electrostatic attractions. The synthesized CNT and SnO2 coated CNT membranes were shown to attain a viral removal efficiency above 6.7 log10 against HCoV-229E virus with fast water permeance up to ∼4 × 103 and 3.5 × 103 L.m-2.h-1.bar-1, respectively. Such high performance was achieved by increasing the dry-spun CNT sheets up to 60 layers, orienting successive 30 CNT layers at 45°, and coating 40 nm SnO2 on the synthesized membranes. The current study provides an efficient scalable fabrication scheme to engineer flexible ultrafiltration CNT-based membranes for cost-effective filtration and inactivation of waterborne viruses to outperform the state-of-the-art ultrafiltration membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed O Rashed
- Deakin University, Geelong, Institute for Frontier Materials, 3216 Waurn Ponds, Victoria, Australia
| | - Chi Huynh
- LINTEC OF AMERICA, INC. Nano-Science and Technology Center, 2900 E. Plano Pkwy. Suite 100, Plano, TX 75074, United States
| | - Andrea Merenda
- School of Science, RMIT University, 124 La Trobe Street, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | | | - Lingxue Kong
- Deakin University, Geelong, Institute for Frontier Materials, 3216 Waurn Ponds, Victoria, Australia
| | - Takeshi Kondo
- LINTEC OF AMERICA, INC. Nano-Science and Technology Center, 2900 E. Plano Pkwy. Suite 100, Plano, TX 75074, United States
| | - Joselito M Razal
- Deakin University, Geelong, Institute for Frontier Materials, 3216 Waurn Ponds, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ludovic F Dumée
- Khalifa University, Department of Chemical Engineering, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Research and Innovation Center on CO2 and Hydrogen, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Center for Membrane and Advanced Water Technology, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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6
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Hussain F, Memon N, Khatri Z. Facile Process for the Development of Antiviral Cotton Fabrics with Nano-Embossed Copper Oxide. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:18617-18625. [PMID: 37273634 PMCID: PMC10233694 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c00492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Metallic or metal oxide-based nanoparticles have the potential to inactivate viruses. Among various metals, copper has shown edge over others. One of the rapidly evolving areas is to combine nanoscience for production of self-sanitizing antiviral surfaces. In this study, we designed antiviral-coated fabrics to combat the spread of viruses. Copper oxide nanoparticles were sonochemically synthesized and subsequently deposited using the dip-coat process to modify the surface of fabric. The morphology and structure of uncoated and coated fabrics were examined by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, FTIR, and elemental analysis. The findings show that small, agglomerated rugby ball structures made of copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles (16 ± 1.6 nm, according to the Scherrer equation) develop on the surface of fabric, resulting in nano-embossing and a hydrophobic (contact angle > 140°) surface. The CuO-coated fabric yielded the maximum zone of inhibition for antibacterial activity. The virucidal activity (against human adenovirus-B) of CuO nanoparticle-fabricated fabric against adenovirus shows decreased 99.99% according to the ISO 18184 testing standard. With the dip and dry approach, any textile industry can use the simple coating procedure without having to change its textile operations. This fabric can be widely used in the face mask, clothing, bedding, and aprons, and the coating remains efficient over more than 25 washes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fayyaz
Salih Hussain
- National Center
of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University
of Sindh, Jamshoro 76080, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Najma Memon
- National Center
of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University
of Sindh, Jamshoro 76080, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Zeeshan Khatri
- Department of Textile Engineering, Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro 76062, Pakistan
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7
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Ivanoska-Dacikj A, Oguz-Gouillart Y, Hossain G, Kaplan M, Sivri Ç, Ros-Lis JV, Mikucioniene D, Munir MU, Kizildag N, Unal S, Safarik I, Akgül E, Yıldırım N, Bedeloğlu AÇ, Ünsal ÖF, Herwig G, Rossi RM, Wick P, Clement P, Sarac AS. Advanced and Smart Textiles during and after the COVID-19 Pandemic: Issues, Challenges, and Innovations. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:healthcare11081115. [PMID: 37107948 PMCID: PMC10137734 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11081115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has hugely affected the textile and apparel industry. Besides the negative impact due to supply chain disruptions, drop in demand, liquidity problems, and overstocking, this pandemic was found to be a window of opportunity since it accelerated the ongoing digitalization trends and the use of functional materials in the textile industry. This review paper covers the development of smart and advanced textiles that emerged as a response to the outbreak of SARS-CoV-2. We extensively cover the advancements in developing smart textiles that enable monitoring and sensing through electrospun nanofibers and nanogenerators. Additionally, we focus on improving medical textiles mainly through enhanced antiviral capabilities, which play a crucial role in pandemic prevention, protection, and control. We summarize the challenges that arise from personal protective equipment (PPE) disposal and finally give an overview of new smart textile-based products that emerged in the markets related to the control and spread reduction of SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Ivanoska-Dacikj
- Research Centre for Environment and Materials, Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Krste Misirkov 2, 1000 Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Yesim Oguz-Gouillart
- Department of Building and Urban Environment, Innovative Textile Material, JUNIA, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Gaffar Hossain
- V-Trion GmbH Textile Research, Millennium Park 15, 6890 Lustenau, Austria
| | - Müslüm Kaplan
- Department of Textile Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Architecture and Design, Bartin University, Bartin 74110, Turkey
| | - Çağlar Sivri
- Management Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Bahcesehir University, İstanbul 34349, Turkey
| | - José Vicente Ros-Lis
- Centro de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnologico (IDM), Unidad Mixta Universitat Politecnica de Valencia, Universitat de Valencia, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universitat de València, Doctor Moliner 56, 46100 Valencia, Spain
| | - Daiva Mikucioniene
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Design, Kaunas University of Technology, Studentu Str. 56, 50404 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Muhammad Usman Munir
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Design, Kaunas University of Technology, Studentu Str. 56, 50404 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Nuray Kizildag
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Gebze Technical University, Gebze, Kocaeli 41400, Turkey
- Integrated Manufacturing Technologies Research and Application Center, Sabanci University, Pendik, Istanbul 34906, Turkey
| | - Serkan Unal
- Integrated Manufacturing Technologies Research and Application Center, Sabanci University, Pendik, Istanbul 34906, Turkey
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Material Science and Nanoengineering, Sabanci University, Tuzla, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
| | - Ivo Safarik
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Biology Centre, ISBB, CAS, Na Sadkach 7, 370 05 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacky University, Slechtitelu 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Esra Akgül
- Department of Industrial Design Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
| | - Nida Yıldırım
- Trabzon Vocational School, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon 61080, Turkey
| | - Ayşe Çelik Bedeloğlu
- Department of Polymer Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Bursa Technical University, Bursa 16310, Turkey
| | - Ömer Faruk Ünsal
- Department of Polymer Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Bursa Technical University, Bursa 16310, Turkey
| | - Gordon Herwig
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Biomimetic Membranes and Textiles, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - René M Rossi
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Biomimetic Membranes and Textiles, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Peter Wick
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Particle-Biology Interactions, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Pietro Clement
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Particle-Biology Interactions, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - A Sezai Sarac
- Department of Chemistry, Polymer Science and Technology, Faculty of Sciences and Letters, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul 34469, Turkey
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8
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Gopal J, Muthu M. The COVID-19 pandemic redefining the mundane food packaging material industry? THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 861:160463. [PMID: 36503651 PMCID: PMC9701582 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 pandemic has been the talk of the globe, as it swept across the world population, changing enumerable aspects. The pandemic affected all sectors directly or indirectly. The food sector took a direct hit. The food packaging sector rose to the occasion to serve and feed the pandemic affected, but there were interactions, reactions, and consequences that evolved through the course of the journey through the pandemic. The aim of this perspective is to address the importance of the food packaging industry (from the COVID-19 point of view) and to highlight the unpreparedness of the food packaging materials, for times as these. As the world has been asked to learn to live with Corona, improvisations are definitely necessary, the lapses in the system need to be rectified, and the entire packaging industry has to go through fortification to co-exist with Corona or confront something worse than Corona. This discussion is set out to understand the gravity of the actual situation, assimilating information available from the scattered shreds of reports. Food packaging materials were used, and plastic wastes were generated in bulks, single-use plastics for fear of contamination gained prominence, leading to an enormous turnover of wastes. Fear of Corona, sprayed overloads of sanitizers and disinfectants on food package material surfaces for surface sterilization. The food packages were tailored for food containment needs, never were they planned for sanitizer sprays. The consequences of these sanitization procedures are unprecedented, neglected and in the post-COVID-19 phase no action appears to have been taken. Corona took us by surprise this time, but next time atleast the food packaging industry needs to be fully equipped. Speculated consequences have been reviewed and plausible suggestions have been proposed. The need for extensive research focus in this direction in exploring the ground-reality has been highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judy Gopal
- Department of Research and Innovation, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Thandalam, Chennai 602105, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Manikandan Muthu
- Department of Research and Innovation, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Thandalam, Chennai 602105, Tamil Nadu, India.
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9
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Thomberg T, Bulgarin H, Lust A, Nerut J, Koppel M, Romann T, Palm R, Månsson M, Flores March NM, Junninen H, Külaviir M, Paiste P, Kirsimäe K, Punapart M, Viru L, Merits A, Lust E. The anti SARS-CoV-2 activity of nanofibrous filter materials activated with metal clusters. ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT: X 2023; 17:100212. [PMID: 36915669 PMCID: PMC9984305 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeaoa.2023.100212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Nanofibrous filter materials were prepared by electrospinning a solution of 28 wt% poly(vinylidene fluoride) in N,N-dimethylacetamide with and without the addition of 2 wt% AgNO3, Cu(NO3)2·2.5H2O or ZnCl2. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, contact angle measurement, nitrogen sorption, and mercury intrusion porosimetry methods were used for the characterization of physical structure as well as the chemical composition of the electrospun materials. Particle filtration efficiency and antiviral activity against the SARS-CoV-2 alpha variant were tested in order to estimate the suitability of the prepared electrospun filter materials for application as indoor air filtration systems with virucidal properties. All filter materials prepared with salts demonstrated very high particle filtration efficiency (≥98.0%). The best antiviral activity was demonstrated by a material containing Cu(NO3)2·2.5H2O in the spinning solution, which displayed the decrease in the number of infectious virions by three orders of magnitude after a contact time of 12 h. Materials with the addition of AgNO3 and ZnCl2 decreased the number of infectious virions after the same contact time by only ∼8 and ∼11 times, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Thomberg
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - H Bulgarin
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - A Lust
- Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - J Nerut
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - M Koppel
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - T Romann
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - R Palm
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
- Department of Applied Physics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-10691, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Månsson
- Department of Applied Physics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-10691, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - N M Flores March
- Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, W. Ostwald 1, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - H Junninen
- Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, W. Ostwald 1, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - M Külaviir
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - P Paiste
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - K Kirsimäe
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - M Punapart
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - L Viru
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - A Merits
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - E Lust
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
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10
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Lishchynskyi O, Shymborska Y, Stetsyshyn Y, Raczkowska J, Skirtach AG, Peretiatko T, Budkowski A. Passive antifouling and active self-disinfecting antiviral surfaces. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND : 1996) 2022; 446:137048. [PMID: 35601363 PMCID: PMC9113772 DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2022.137048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Viruses pose a serious threat to human health and society in general, as virus infections are one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality. Till May 2022, over 513 million people around the world have been confirmed to be infected and more than 6.2 million have died due to SARS-CoV-2. Although the COVID-19 pandemic will be defeated in the near future, we are likely to face new viral threats in the coming years. One of the important instruments to protect from viruses are antiviral surfaces, which are essentially capable of limiting their spread. The formulation of the concept of antiviral surfaces is relatively new. In general, five types of mechanism directed against virus spread can be proposed for antiviral surfaces; involving: direct and indirect actions, receptor inactivation, photothermal effect, and antifouling behavior. All antiviral surfaces can be classified into two main types - passive and active. Passive antiviral surfaces are based on superhydrophobic coatings that are able to repel virus contaminated droplets. In turn, viruses can become biologically inert (e.g., blocked or destroyed) upon contact with active antiviral surfaces, as they contain antiviral agents: metal atoms, synthetic or natural polymers, and small molecules. The functionality of antiviral surfaces can be significantly improved with additional properties, such as temperature- or pH-responsivity, multifunctionality, non-specific action on different virus types, long-term application, high antiviral efficiency and self-cleaning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ostap Lishchynskyi
- Lviv Polytechnic National University, St. George's Square 2, 79013 Lviv, Ukraine
- Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Yana Shymborska
- Lviv Polytechnic National University, St. George's Square 2, 79013 Lviv, Ukraine
- Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Łojasiewicza 11, 30-348, Kraków, Poland
| | - Yurij Stetsyshyn
- Lviv Polytechnic National University, St. George's Square 2, 79013 Lviv, Ukraine
- Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Łojasiewicza 11, 30-348, Kraków, Poland
| | - Joanna Raczkowska
- Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Łojasiewicza 11, 30-348, Kraków, Poland
| | - Andre G Skirtach
- Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Taras Peretiatko
- Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Universytetska 1, 79000 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Andrzej Budkowski
- Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Łojasiewicza 11, 30-348, Kraków, Poland
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11
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Prakash J, Krishna SBN, Kumar P, Kumar V, Ghosh KS, Swart HC, Bellucci S, Cho J. Recent Advances on Metal Oxide Based Nano-Photocatalysts as Potential Antibacterial and Antiviral Agents. Catalysts 2022; 12:1047. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12091047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Photocatalysis, a unique process that occurs in the presence of light radiation, can potentially be utilized to control environmental pollution, and improve the health of society. Photocatalytic removal, or disinfection, of chemical and biological species has been known for decades; however, its extension to indoor environments in public places has always been challenging. Many efforts have been made in this direction in the last two–three years since the COVID-19 pandemic started. Furthermore, the development of efficient photocatalytic nanomaterials through modifications to improve their photoactivity under ambient conditions for fighting with such a pandemic situation is a high research priority. In recent years, several metal oxides-based nano-photocatalysts have been designed to work efficiently in outdoor and indoor environments for the photocatalytic disinfection of biological species. The present review briefly discusses the advances made in the last two to three years for photocatalytic viral and bacterial disinfections. Moreover, emphasis has been given to the tailoring of such nano-photocatalysts in disinfecting surfaces, air, and water to stop viral/bacterial infection in the indoor environment. The role of such nano-photocatalysts in the photocatalytic disinfection of COVID-19 has also been highlighted with their future applicability in controlling such pandemics.
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12
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Ayodeji OJ, Khyum MMO, Afolabi RT, Smith E, Kendall R, Ramkumar S. Preparation of surface-functionalized electrospun PVA nanowebs for potential remedy for SARS-CoV-2. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 7:100128. [PMID: 37520801 PMCID: PMC9278001 DOI: 10.1016/j.hazadv.2022.100128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Infections with coronaviruses remain a burden that is negatively affecting human life. The use of metal oxides to prevent and control the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has been widely studied. However, the use of metal oxides in masks to enhance the performances of barrier face coverings in trapping and neutralizing SARS-CoV-2 remained unexplored. In the present study, we explore the possibility of developing surface functional PVA/ZnO electrospun nanowebs to be used as a component of multilayer barrier face coverings. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and zinc acetate (ZnA) nanowebs were electrospun as precursor samples. After calcination at 400 degrees centigrade under a controlled atmosphere of nitrogen gas, product nanowebs containing ZnO (PVA/ZnO) were obtained. The presence of ZnO was determined using an attenuated total reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectrometer. This study inspired the possibility of developing surface-functional materials to produce enhanced performance masks against the spread of SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olukayode J Ayodeji
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, The Institute of Environmental and Human Health, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, 79416, United States
| | - Mirza M O Khyum
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, The Institute of Environmental and Human Health, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, 79416, United States
| | - Racheal T Afolabi
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, The Institute of Environmental and Human Health, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, 79416, United States
| | - Ernest Smith
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, The Institute of Environmental and Human Health, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, 79416, United States
| | - Ron Kendall
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, The Institute of Environmental and Human Health, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, 79416, United States
| | - Seshadri Ramkumar
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, The Institute of Environmental and Human Health, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, 79416, United States
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13
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Glassy-like Metal Oxide Particles Embedded on Micrometer Thicker Alginate Films as Promising Wound Healing Nanomaterials. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105585. [PMID: 35628396 PMCID: PMC9142123 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Micrometer-thicker, biologically responsive nanocomposite films were prepared starting from alginate-metal alkoxide colloidal solution followed by sol-gel chemistry and solvent removal through evaporation-induced assembly. The disclosed approach is straightforward and highly versatile, allowing the entrapment and growth of a set of glassy-like metal oxide within the network of alginate and their shaping as crake-free transparent and flexible films. Immersing these films in aqueous medium triggers alginate solubilization, and affords water-soluble metal oxides wrapped in a biocompatible carbohydrate framework. Biological activity of the nano-composites films was also studied including their hemolytic activity, methemoglobin, prothrombin, and thrombine time. The effect of the films on fibroblasts and keratinocytes of human skin was also investigated with a special emphasis on the role played by the incorporated metal oxide. This comparative study sheds light on the crucial biological response of the ceramic phase embedded inside of the films, with titanium dioxide being the most promising for wound healing purposes.
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14
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Thomberg T, Ramah P, Lust A, Nerut J, Koppel M, Romann T, Palm R, Månsson M, March NF, Junninen H, Külaviir M, Paiste P, Kirsimäe K, Punapart M, Viru L, Merits A, Lust E. Preparation of nanofibrous materials activated with metal clusters for active and long-lasting air filters. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.120697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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15
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Antiviral Biodegradable Food Packaging and Edible Coating Materials in the COVID-19 Era: A Mini-Review. COATINGS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings12050577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
With the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in late 2019, and the catastrophe faced by the world in 2020, the food industry was one of the most affected industries. On the one hand, the pandemic-induced fear and lockdown in several countries increased the online delivery of food products, resulting in a drastic increase in single-use plastic packaging waste. On the other hand, several reports revealed the spread of the viral infection through food products and packaging. This significantly affected consumer behavior, which directly influenced the market dynamics of the food industry. Still, a complete recovery from this situation seems a while away, and there is a need to focus on a potential solution that can address both of these issues. Several biomaterials that possess antiviral activities, in addition to being natural and biodegradable, are being studied for food packaging applications. However, the research community has been ignorant of this aspect, as the focus has mainly been on antibacterial and antifungal activities for the enhancement of food shelf life. This review aims to cover the different perspectives of antiviral food packaging materials using established technology. It focuses on the basic principles of antiviral activity and its mechanisms. Furthermore, the antiviral activities of several nanomaterials, biopolymers, natural oils and extracts, polyphenolic compounds, etc., are discussed.
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