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Ramalingam A, Santhi VM. Evaluation of chemical reactivity and polarity of imidazolium-based ionic liquids using quantum chemical calculations. J Mol Model 2024; 30:182. [PMID: 38780810 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-024-05984-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT By using the DFT theory, the orbital energies of twenty-five ionic liquids were estimated. To comprehend their molecular stability and chemical reactivity, the orbital energy values, orbital energy gap (HOMO-LUMO energy gap), chemical hardness (η), chemical softness (S), electronegativity (χ), and electrophilicity index (ω) were computed. The interaction energies between all of the cations and anions under study were then computed and examined. Finally, using quantum chemical calculations, the molecular polarity of all 25 ionic liquids was examined using the sigma profile and sigma potential. METHODS Using the lowest orbital energy of the molecules, HF/6-31G* level of theory quantum chemical calculation were carried out using the MOLDEN and GAUSSIAN03 software. The B3LYP DFT approach produced a COSMO file that contained the species optimal SCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anantharaj Ramalingam
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Rajiv Gandhi Salai (OMR), Kalavakkam, Tamilnadu-603110, India.
| | - Vivek Mariappan Santhi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Rajiv Gandhi Salai (OMR), Kalavakkam, Tamilnadu-603110, India
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2
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Dixit M, Hajari T, Meti MD, Srivastava S, Srivastava A, Daniel J. Ionic Pairing and Selective Solvation of Butylmethylimidazolium Chloride Ion Pairs in DMSO-Water Mixtures: A Comprehensive Examination via Molecular Dynamics Simulations and Potentials of Mean Force Analysis. J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:2168-2180. [PMID: 38415290 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c06876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and water act as a promising solvent medium for the dissolution of cellulose in an efficient manner. To develop a proper solvent system, it is really important to understand the thermodynamics of the molecular solutions consisting of ILs, DMSO, and water. The ion-pairing propensity of the ILs in the presence of DMSO and water plays a crucial role in governing the property of the solvent mixtures. Employing all-atom molecular dynamics simulations, we estimate the potentials of mean force between BMIM+ and Cl- ions in DMSO-water mixtures. Analysis reveals a significant increase in the thermodynamic stability of both contact ion pair (CIP) and solvent-assisted ion pair (SAIP) states with a rising DMSO mole fraction. Thermodynamic assessments highlight the entropic stabilization of CIP states and SAIP states in pure water, in DMSO-water mixtures, and in pure DMSO. The structural analysis reveals that in comparison to the DMSO local density, the local water density is relatively very high around ion pairs, more specifically in the solvation shell of a chloride ion. Preferential binding coefficients also consistently indicate exclusion of DMSO from the ion pair in DMSO-water mixtures. To enhance our understanding regarding the solvent molecules kinetics around the ion pairs, the survival probabilities of DMSO and water are computed. The calculations reveal that the water molecules prefer a prolonged stay in the solvation shell of Cl- ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayank Dixit
- Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Timir Hajari
- Department of Chemistry, City College, 102/1, Raja Rammohan Sarani, Kolkata - 700009, India
| | - Manjunath D Meti
- Bio-physical Laboratory, Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana 500046, India
| | - Srishti Srivastava
- Department of Zoology, Allahabad University, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh 211002, India
| | - Amar Srivastava
- Chemistry Department, Har Sahai (PG) College, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208012, India
| | - Joseph Daniel
- Department of Chemistry, Christ Church College, Kanpur 208001, India
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3
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Walz MM, Signorelli MRM, Caleman C, Costa LT, Björneholm O. The Surface of Ionic Liquids in Water: From an Ionic Tug of War to a Quasi-Ordered Two-Dimensional Layer. Chemphyschem 2024; 25:e202300551. [PMID: 37991256 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202300551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
The sustainable development encompasses the search for new materials for energy storage, gas capture, separation, and solvents in industrial processes that can substitute conventional ones in an efficient and clean manner. Ionic liquids (ILs) emerged and have been advanced as alternative materials for such applications, but an obstacle is their hygroscopicity and the effects on their physical properties in the presence of humidity. Several industrial processes depend on the aqueous interfacial properties, and the main focus of this work is the water/IL interface. The behavior of the aqueous ionic liquids at the water-vacuum interface is representative for their water interfacial properties. Using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy in combination with molecular dynamics simulations we investigate four aqueous IL systems, and provide molecular level insight on the interfacial behaviour of the ionic liquids, such as ion-pair formation, orientation and surface concentration. We find that ionic liquids containing a chloride anion have a lowered surface enrichment due to the low surface propensity of chloride. In contrast, the ionic liquids containing a bistriflimide anion are extremely surface-enriched due to cooperative surface propensity between the cations and anions, forming a two-dimensional ionic liquid on the water surface at low concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Madeleine Walz
- Uppsala University, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Uppsala, Sweden
- Current address: Novavax AB, Kungsgatan 109, 753 18, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Carl Caleman
- Uppsala University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, X-ray Photon Science, Uppsala, Sweden
- Deutches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Center for Free-electron Laser Science, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Luciano T Costa
- Fluminense Federal University-Outeiro de São João Batista, Institute of Chemistry, MolMod-CS, Niteroi, RJ, Brazil
| | - Olle Björneholm
- Uppsala University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, X-ray Photon Science, Uppsala, Sweden
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4
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Ma L, Zhong Z, Hu J, Qing L, Jiang J. Long-Lived Weak Ion Pairs in Ionic Liquids: An Insight from All-Atom Molecular Dynamics Simulations. J Phys Chem B 2023. [PMID: 37262343 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c01559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The microstructure and local dynamics of ions in room-temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) have drawn a lot of attention due to their extensive potential applications in numerous fields. It is well-known that the widely used definitions of ion pairs (IPs) cannot reflect the full picture of RTILs. In this study, we find a universal residence time (τMR), which is regardless of the number of counterions in the first solvation shell in RTILs. Inspired by this, we propose a weak IP (WIP) model from a spatiotemporal perspective and demonstrate that the WIPs are long-lived and that their lifetimes obey a log-normal distribution, which is different from the literature. In addition, the electrostatic interactions are the main factors in the formation of WIPs, and the reorientations of ions are vital to the ruptures of WIPs. This research provides a new perspective for understanding the microstructural and dynamical properties of RTILs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linbo Ma
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Zhixuan Zhong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Junbao Hu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Leying Qing
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Jian Jiang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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5
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Haddad B, Pandey DK, Singh DK, Paolone A, Drai M, Villemin D, Bresson S. Effect of isopropyl side chain branching and different anions on electronic structure, vibrational spectra, and hydrogen bonding of isopropyl-imidazolium-based ionic liquids: Experimental and theoretical investigations. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 291:122325. [PMID: 36634492 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.122325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, four branched methylated, 1,2-dimethyl-3-isopropyl-imidazolium (i-[C3Dmim+]) and protonated,1-methyl-3-isopropyl-imidazolium (i-[C3mim+])-based ionic liquids (ILs) with varying anion (Br-, BF4-, PF6-, and NTf2-) were synthesized and investigated by NMR, infrared (IR) and Raman spectroscopy. Based on infrared and Raman spectroscopy, complete vibrational assignments have been performed. The IR and Raman analysis revealed that the vibrational spectra are virtually unaffected upon methylation, while significant frequency changes were observed by changing anion. Furthermore, to determine the electronic structure, energetic stability, and vibrational properties of these i-[C3Dmim]Y, i-[C3mim]Y (Y = Br, BF4, PF6, and NTf2) ion pairs, quantum chemical calculations including the dispersion correction method are performed both on single ions and on ionic couples. The calculated electron density was analyzed to expose non-covalent intra- and interionic interactions by the quantum theory of atoms in molecules (AIM) and interpreted in terms of both anion dependence and type of interaction. Computational results suggest that for all ionic couples the most energetically stable configuration is obtained with the anions located close to the C2 position of the imidazolium cation. However, in the case of i-[C3mim]NTf2 and i-[C3Dmim]BF4, similar energies were obtained in configurations 2 and 3 where the anion is located above the imidazolium ring. For i-[C3mim]Br a stronger hydrogen bond is predicted than for other studied ILs. Calculations indicate that a red shift of the CH stretching bands should occur due to hydrogen bonding; indeed, such displacement of bands is experimentally observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boumediene Haddad
- Department of Chemistry, Dr. Moulay Tahar University of Saida, 20000 Saida, Algeria; Chemistry Laboratory of Synthesis, Properties, and Applications (CLSPA-Saida), 20000 Saida, Algeria; Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire et Thio-organique, ENSICAEN, University of Caen, 6 Boulevard Maréchal Juin, 14050 Caen, France.
| | - Deepak K Pandey
- Department of Basic Sciences, Institute of Infrastructure Technology Research and Management, Ahmedabad 380026, India
| | - Dheeraj K Singh
- Department of Basic Sciences, Institute of Infrastructure Technology Research and Management, Ahmedabad 380026, India
| | - Annalisa Paolone
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto dei SistemiComplessi, U.O.S. La Sapienza, Piazzale A. Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Mokhtar Drai
- Chemistry Laboratory of Synthesis, Properties, and Applications (CLSPA-Saida), 20000 Saida, Algeria; Université DjillaliLiabes, BP 89, 22000 Sidi-Bel-Abbes, Algeria
| | - Didier Villemin
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire et Thio-organique, ENSICAEN, University of Caen, 6 Boulevard Maréchal Juin, 14050 Caen, France
| | - Serge Bresson
- Laboratoire de Physique des Systèmes Complexes, Université Picardie Jules Verne, 33 rue St Leu, 80039 Amiens cedex, France
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Mostafa GAE, Bakheit AH, Al-Agamy MH, Al-Salahi R, Ali EA, Alrabiah H. Synthesis of 4-Amino- N-[2 (diethylamino)Ethyl]Benzamide Tetraphenylborate Ion-Associate Complex: Characterization, Antibacterial and Computational Study. Molecules 2023; 28:2256. [PMID: 36903501 PMCID: PMC10005259 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The 4-amino-N-[2 (diethylamino) ethyl] benzamide (procainamide)-tetraphenylborate complex was synthesized by reacting sodium tetraphenyl borate with 4-amino-N-[2 (diethylamino) ethyl] benzamide, chloride salt, and procainamide in deionized water at room temperature through an ion-associate reaction (green chemistry) at room temperature, and characterized by several physicochemical methods. The formation of ion-associate complex between bio-active molecules and/or organic molecules is crucial to comprehending the relationships between bioactive molecules and receptor interactions. The solid complex was characterized by infrared spectra, NMR, elemental analysis, and mass spectrometry, indicating the formation of ion-associate or ion-pair complex. The complex under study was examined for antibacterial activity. The ground state electronic characteristics of the S1 and S2 complex configurations were computed using the density functional theory (DFT) approach, using B3LYP level 6-311 G(d,p) basis sets. R2 = 0.9765 and 0.9556, respectively, indicate a strong correlation between the observed and theoretical 1H-NMR, and the relative error of vibrational frequencies for both configurations was acceptable, as well. HOMO and LUMO frontier molecular orbitals and molecular electrostatics using the optimized were used to obtain a potential map of the chemical. The n → π* UV absorption peak of the UV cutoff edge was detected for both configurations of the complex. Spectroscopic methods were structures used to characterize the structure (FT-IR and 1HNMR). In the ground state, DFT/B3LYP/6-311G(d,p) basis sets were used to determine the electrical and geometric properties of the S1 and S2 configurations of the title complex. Comparing the observed and calculated values for the S1 and S2 forms, the HOMO-LUMO energy gap of compounds was 3182 and 3231 eV, respectively. The small energy gap between HOMO and LUMO indicated that the compound was stable. In addition, the MEP reveals that positive potential sites were around the PR molecule, whereas negative potential sites were surrounding the TPB site of atoms. The UV absorption of both arrangements is comparable to the experimental UV spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gamal A. E. Mostafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed H. Bakheit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed H. Al-Agamy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rashad Al-Salahi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Essam A. Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haitham Alrabiah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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7
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Niemöller H, Blasius J, Hollóczki O, Kirchner B. How do alternative amino acids behave in water? A comparative ab initio molecular dynamics study of solvated α-amino acids and α-amino amidines. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.120282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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8
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Ostadsharif Memar Z, Moosavi M. A combined QTAIM, DFT and molecular dynamics study on the nanoscale dynamical and structural organization of imidazolium-based dicationic ionic liquids. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.120186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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9
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Yu CF, Liu SH, Xia R, Wu KF. Studies on the thermal stability and decomposition kinetics of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide via density functional theory and experimental methods. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.119422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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10
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Anggraini Y, Yusuf A, Wonorahardjo S, Kurnia D, Viridi S, Magdalena Sutjahja I. Role of C2 Methylation and Anion Type on the Physicochemical and Thermal Properties of Imidazolium-Based Ionic Liquids. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.103963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
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11
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Torkzadeh M, Moosavi M. DFT and COSMO-RS studies on dicationic ionic liquids (DILs) as potential candidates for CO 2 capture: the effects of alkyl side chain length and symmetry in cations. RSC Adv 2022; 12:35418-35435. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ra05805g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The weaker interaction energy between anions and cations, the stronger interaction of a CO2 molecule with the cation. Also, the selectivity of CO2 from H2, CO and CH4 gases decreases slightly with increasing the length of side alkyl chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrangiz Torkzadeh
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746-73441, Iran
| | - Majid Moosavi
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746-73441, Iran
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12
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Beil S, Markiewicz M, Pereira CS, Stepnowski P, Thöming J, Stolte S. Toward the Proactive Design of Sustainable Chemicals: Ionic Liquids as a Prime Example. Chem Rev 2021; 121:13132-13173. [PMID: 34523909 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The tailorable and often unique properties of ionic liquids (ILs) drive their implementation into a broad variety of seminal technologies. The modular design of ILs allows in this context a proactive selection of structures that favor environmental sustainability─ideally without compromising their technological performance. To achieve this objective, the whole life cycle must be taken into account and various aspects considered simultaneously. In this review, we discuss how the structural design of ILs affects their environmental impacts throughout all stages of their life cycles and scrutinize the available data in order to point out knowledge gaps that need further research activities. The design of more sustainable ILs starts with the selection of the most beneficial precursors and synthesis routes, takes their technical properties and application specific performance into due account, and considers its environmental fate particularly in terms of their (eco)toxicity, biotic and abiotic degradability, mobility, and bioaccumulation potential. Special emphasis is placed on reported structure-activity relationships and suggested mechanisms on a molecular level that might rationalize the empirically found design criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Beil
- Institute of Water Chemistry, TU Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Marta Markiewicz
- Institute of Water Chemistry, TU Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Cristina Silva Pereira
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa (ITQB NOVA), Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Piotr Stepnowski
- Department of Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, ul. Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Jorg Thöming
- Chemical Process Engineering, University of Bremen, Leobener Straße 6, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Stefan Stolte
- Institute of Water Chemistry, TU Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
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13
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Zhao Q, Bennington P, Nealey PF, Patel SN, Evans CM. Ion Specific, Thin Film Confinement Effects on Conductivity in Polymerized Ionic Liquids. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Peter Bennington
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 S. Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Paul F. Nealey
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 S. Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Shrayesh N. Patel
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 S. Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
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Sowińska A, Maciejewska M, Grajewska A. Bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide Ionic Liquids Applied for Fine-Tuning the Cure Characteristics and Performance of Natural Rubber Composites. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073678. [PMID: 33916131 PMCID: PMC8036513 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The goal of this work was to apply ionic liquids (ILs) with bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide anion (TFSI) for fine-tuning the cure characteristics and physico-chemical properties of elastomer composites based on a biodegradable natural rubber (NR) matrix. ILs with TFSI anion and different cations, such as alkylpyrrolidinium, alkylammonium, and alkylsulfonium cations, were applied to increase the efficiency of sulfur vulcanization and to improve the performance of NR composites. Thus, the influence of ILs on the vulcanization of NR compounds, as well as crosslink density and physical properties of NR vulcanizates, including tensile properties, thermal stability, and resistance to thermo-oxidative aging was explored. The activity of ILs seems to be strongly dependent on their cation. Pyrrolidinium and ammonium ILs effectively supported the vulcanization, reducing the optimal vulcanization time and temperature of NR compounds and increasing the crosslink density of the vulcanizates. Consequently, vulcanizates with these ILs exhibited higher tensile strength than the benchmark without IL. On the other hand, sulfonium ILs reduced the torque increment owing to the lower crosslinking degree of elastomer but significantly improved the resistance of NR composites to thermo-oxidation. Thus, TFSI ILs can be used to align the curing behavior and performance of NR composites for particular applications.
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15
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Marullo S, D'Anna F. Interplay of Acidity and Ionic Liquid Structure on the Outcome of a Heterocyclic Rearrangement Reaction. J Org Chem 2021; 86:4045-4052. [PMID: 33596066 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The study of suitable probe reactions is a powerful tool to investigate the properties of nonconventional solvents such ionic liquids (ILs). In particular, we studied the acid-catalyzed mononuclear rearrangement of heterocycles (MHR) of the Z-phenylhydrazone of 5-amino-3-benzoyl-1,2,4-oxadiazole into the relevant 1,2,3-triazole, in solution of ILs by means of kinetic measurements. We chose as solvents six ILs differing both in the cation and anion, in the presence of five carboxylic and sulfonic acids as catalysts. For a useful comparison, the reaction was also performed in 1,4-dioxane and methanol. In general, the reaction occurs faster in ILs, compared to conventional solvents, according to the weaker solvation interactions operating in the former media. The effect of IL anion and cation on the reactivity and on the acidic strength of the catalysts was analyzed. To this aim, we measured the acidic strength of the sulfonic acids in each IL, estimated by the equilibrium formation constant of each acid with 4-nitroaniline. We found that the trend of reactivity as a function of the IL anion mainly reflects the larger difference in acidic strengths of the catalyst. Conversely, acidic strength spans a narrower range as a function of the IL cation. As a result, other factors come into play, such as the π-π interactions involving aromatic IL cations, substrate, and transition states, leading to a more articulate trend.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Marullo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Sezione di Chimica, Viale delle Scienze, Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Francesca D'Anna
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Sezione di Chimica, Viale delle Scienze, Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
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16
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Hadji D, Haddad B, Brandán SA, Panja SK, Paolone A, Drai M, Villemin D, Bresson S, Rahmouni M. Synthesis, NMR, Raman, thermal and nonlinear optical properties of dicationic ionic liquids from experimental and theoretical studies. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.128713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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17
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Rangan S, Viereck J, Bartynski RA. Electronic Properties of Cyano Ionic Liquids: a Valence Band Photoemission Study. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:7909-7917. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c06423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sylvie Rangan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Laboratory for Surface Modification, Rutgers University, 136 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Jonathan Viereck
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Laboratory for Surface Modification, Rutgers University, 136 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Robert A. Bartynski
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Laboratory for Surface Modification, Rutgers University, 136 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
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18
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Men S, Licence P, Do-Thanh CL, Luo H, Dai S. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of piperidinium ionic liquids: a comparison to the charge delocalised pyridinium analogues. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:11976-11983. [PMID: 32420557 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp01454k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study, nine piperidinium-based ionic liquids are analysed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The effect of alkyl substituent length and the nature of the anion on the electronic environment of the cation are investigated. The electronic environment of the hetero carbon and the cationic nitrogen is compared between two structurally similar cations, 1-octyl-1-methylpiperidinium ([C8C1Pip]+) versus 1-octylpyridinium ([C8Py]+). Due to the charge delocalisation, the hetero carbon component within [C8Py]+ is more positively charged, which exhibits much higher binding energy; whilst the cationic nitrogen component is in the similar electronic environment. The impact of the charge delocalisation on the electronic environment of the anion is also compared between [C8C1Pip]+ and [C8Py]+. It is found that for the more basic anion, the cation can significantly affect the electronic environment of the anion; for the less basic anion, such an effect concentrates on the component bearing more negative point charges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Men
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Shenyang Ligong University, Shenyang, 110159, P. R. China. and Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, 37830, USA.
| | - Peter Licence
- School of Chemistry, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Chi-Linh Do-Thanh
- Department of Chemistry, Joint Institute of Advanced Materials, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, 37996, USA
| | - Huimin Luo
- Energy and Transportation Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, 37830, USA
| | - Sheng Dai
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, 37830, USA.
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Damilano G, Kalebić D, Binnemans K, Dehaen W. One-pot synthesis of symmetric imidazolium ionic liquids N, N-disubstituted with long alkyl chains. RSC Adv 2020; 10:21071-21081. [PMID: 35518762 PMCID: PMC9054310 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra03358h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The Debus–Radziszewski imidazole synthesis was adapted to directly yield long-chain imidazolium ionic liquids. Imidazolium acetate ionic liquids with side-chains up to sixteen carbon atoms were synthesised in excellent yields via an on-water, one-pot reaction. The imidazolium acetate ILs acted as surfactants when dissolved in various solvents. The imidazolium acetate ionic liquids were also derivatised via an acid metathesis to the chloride, nitrate, and hydrogen oxalate derivatives. The thermal behaviour of all the ionic liquids was determined via thermogravimetric and calorimetric analysis. The modified Debus–Radziszewski reaction was used as a one-pot on-water reaction to allow a greener synthesis of long-chain 1,3-dialkylimidazolium acetate ionic liquids in high yield from long-chain linear amines.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Damilano
- KU Leuven, Department of Chemistry Celestijnenlaan 200F - P.O. Box 2404 B-3001 Leuven Belgium
| | - Demian Kalebić
- KU Leuven, Department of Chemistry Celestijnenlaan 200F - P.O. Box 2404 B-3001 Leuven Belgium
| | - Koen Binnemans
- KU Leuven, Department of Chemistry Celestijnenlaan 200F - P.O. Box 2404 B-3001 Leuven Belgium
| | - Wim Dehaen
- KU Leuven, Department of Chemistry Celestijnenlaan 200F - P.O. Box 2404 B-3001 Leuven Belgium
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20
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Ahmad NA, Jumbri K, Ramli A, Ahmad H, Rahman MBA, Wahab RA. Design and molecular modelling of phenolic-based protic ionic liquids. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.113062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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21
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Zhao C, Lu G, Yao J, Li H. Structural and electronic properties of Cu II, Co II, and Ni II-containing chelate-based ionic liquids. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:11417-11430. [PMID: 32383723 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp00024h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Potential applications of chelate-based ionic liquids depend on the structural and electronic properties of this class of liquid materials. Due to the large size of chelated metal anions, the high number of potential interaction sites could lead to complex intermolecular interactions, but metal-based anions have many degrees of freedom, and they have great potential in the structural modification of the physical properties of ionic liquids. To explore the influence of varying the metal center of anions and the length of carbon chains of cationic species, four single crystal structures of chelate-based ionic liquids, ([C10mim][M(F6-acac)3], M = Cu, Co, and Ni) and [C6mim][Cu(F6-acac)3] were obtained. Taking these as the initial configurations, theoretical efforts were made to understand the structural and electronic properties. The hydrogen bonding energies of the primary hydrogen bonding interaction, in the range of 17.7-20.9 kJ mol-1, follow the order of [C10mim][Ni(F6-acac)3] < [C10mim][Co(F6-acac)3] <[C10mim][Cu(F6-acac)3], and [Cnmim][Cu(F6-acac)3] (n≠ 10) < [C10mim][Cu(F6-acac)3], while the experimental viscosities exhibit an opposite trend. Furthermore, by NBO analysis, the more negative charge on the oxygen atoms of anions shows the stronger hydrogen bonding of imidazolium with C2H. The reliability of the theoretical method was supported by the comparison between the simulated and experimental infrared and UV/vis spectra. This work is useful in increasing the understanding of the structure-property relationship of chelate-based ionic liquids and furthering the rational design of novel ionic liquids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxuan Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, ZJU-NHU United R&D Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China.
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22
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Larrechi MS, Cera-Manjarres A, Salavera D, Coronas A. Quantitative analysis of the interaction of ammonia with 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ionic liquid. Understanding the volumetric and transport properties of their mixtures. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.112440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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23
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Yang Q, Yang H, Ding X, Xue W, Sun S. The effect of adsorption and grafting on the acidity of [(HSO 3)C3C1im] +[Cl] - on the surface of (SiO 2) 4O 2H 4 clusters. J Mol Graph Model 2020; 96:107528. [PMID: 31918320 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2019.107528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Both adsorption and graft of active components on the surface of the silica are paramount methods for preparing heterogeneous catalysts. In this paper, the acidity of [(HSO3)C3C1im]+[Cl]- adsorbed and grafted on the surface of silica clusters was calculated at the level of B3LYP-d3/6-311++g(d, p). The results showed that both methods can enhance the acidity of the ionic liquids (ILs). The hydroxyl group on the carrier surface can increase the acidity, and moreover the acidity increases with the number of hydroxyl group. Besides, geometric parameters, ESP, topology and NBO analysis proved that the ILs acidity on the hydroxyl-free surface was mainly influenced by the interaction between -SO3 group and cluster surface. And yet the ILs acidity on the hydroxylated surface changes followed with the moderate strength hydrogen bond between the ILs and cluster surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiusheng Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, PR China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chemical Process Safety, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, PR China.
| | - Hansen Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, PR China
| | - Xiaoshu Ding
- School of Chemical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, PR China
| | - Wei Xue
- School of Chemical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, PR China; Hebei Province Technology Institute of Green Chemical Industry, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, PR China
| | - Shujuan Sun
- School of Chemical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, PR China.
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24
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Naberezhnyi D, Dementyev P. Molecular transport in ionic liquid/nanomembrane hybrids. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:9808-9814. [PMID: 32337528 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp01233e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Ionic liquids and nanoscale membranes are both considered as promising functional components to design next-generation gas separation technologies. Herein, we combine free-standing carbon nanomembranes (CNMs) with [bmim][Tf2N] ionic liquid having affinity to carbon dioxide, and explore molecular permeation through such a composite membrane. Gas transport measurements reveal an increase in the transmembrane flux of carbon dioxide as compared to that of bare CNMs, whereas passage of helium is found to be suppressed in accordance with the solubility constants. Upon exposure to water vapor, the behavior of the hybrid membrane appears to differ strikingly as hydrophilic properties of CNMs are camouflaged by the hydrophobic nature of the ionic liquid. Kinetic simulations are conducted to account for the change in permeation mechanism, and the results agree with the experimental data obtained. Our study confirms that molecular transport in two-dimensional membranes can be tailored by imparting chemical functionalities, but at the same time highlights practical challenges in surface modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniil Naberezhnyi
- Physics of Supramolecular Systems and Surfaces, Faculty of Physics, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld 33615, Germany.
| | - Petr Dementyev
- Physics of Supramolecular Systems and Surfaces, Faculty of Physics, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld 33615, Germany.
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25
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Philippi F, Rauber D, Kuttich B, Kraus T, Kay CWM, Hempelmann R, Hunt PA, Welton T. Ether functionalisation, ion conformation and the optimisation of macroscopic properties in ionic liquids. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:23038-23056. [PMID: 33047758 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp03751f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ionic liquids are an attractive material class due to their wide liquid range, intrinsic ionic conductivity, and high chemical as well as electrochemical stability. However, the widespread use of ionic liquids is hindered by significantly higher viscosities compared to conventional molecular solvents. In this work, we show how the transport properties of ionic liquids can be altered significantly, even for isostructural ions that have the same backbone. To this end, structure-property relationships have been determined for a set of 16 systematically varied representative ionic liquids. Variations in molecular structure include ammonium vs. phosphonium, ether vs. alkyl side chains, and rigid vs. flexible anions. Ab initio calculations are used to relate molecular structures to the thermal, structural and transport properties of the ionic liquids. We find that the differences in properties of ether and alkyl functionalised ionic liquids are primarily dependent on minimum energy geometries, with the conformational flexibility of ether side chains appearing to be of secondary importance. We also show unprecedented correlations between anion conformational flexibility and transport properties. Critically, increasing fluidity upon consecutive introduction of ether side chains and phosphonium centres into the cation is found to be dependent on whether the anion is flexible or rigid. We demonstrate that targeted design of functional groups based on structure-property relationships can yield ionic liquids of exceptionally high fluidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederik Philippi
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, White City Campus, London W12 0BZ, UK.
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26
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Electronic structure and spectral characteristics of alkyl substituted imidazolium based dication-X2 (X = Br, BF4, PF6 and CF3SO3) complexes from theory. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.111548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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27
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Koverga VA, Smortsova Y, Miannay FA, Kalugin ON, Takamuku T, Jedlovszky P, Marekha B, Cordeiro MNDS, Idrissi A. Distance Angle Descriptors of the Interionic and Ion-Solvent Interactions in Imidazolium-Based Ionic Liquid Mixtures with Aprotic Solvents: A Molecular Dynamics Simulation Study. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:6065-6075. [PMID: 31179700 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b03838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to quantify the changes of the interionic and ion-solvent interactions in mixtures of imidazolium-based ionic liquids, having tetrafluoroborate (BmimBF4), hexafluorophosphate (BmimPF6), trifluoromethylsulfonate (BmimTFO), or bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (BmimTFSI), anions, and polar aprotic molecular solvents, such as acetonitrile (AN), γ-butyrolactone (GBL), and propylene carbonate (PC). For this purpose, we calculate, using the nearest-neighbor approach, the average distance between the imidazolium ring H atom in positions 2, 4, and 5 (H2,4,5) and the nearest high-electronegativity atom of the solvent or anion (X) as distance descriptors, and the mean angle formed by the C2,4,5-H2,4,5 bond and the H2,4,5···X axis around the H2,4,5 atom as angular descriptors of the cation-anion and cation-solvent interactions around the ring C-H groups. The behavior of these descriptors as a function of the ionic liquid mole fraction is analyzed in detail. The obtained results show that the extent of the change of these descriptors with respect to their values in the neat ionic liquid depends both on the nature of the anion and on the mixture composition. Thus, in the case of the mixtures of the molecular solvents with BmimBF4 and BmimTFO, a small change of the distance and a drastic increase of the angular descriptor corresponding to the cation-anion interactions are observed with decreasing mole fraction of the ionic liquid, indicating that the anion moves from the above/below position (with respect to the imidazolium ring plane) to a position that is nearly linearly aligned with the C2-H2 bond and hinders the possible interaction between the C2-H2 group and the solvent molecules. On the other hand, in the case of mixtures of BmimTFSI and BmimPF6 with the molecular solvents, both the observed increase of the distance descriptor and the slight change of the angular descriptor with decreasing ionic liquid mole fraction are compatible with the direct interactions of the solvent with the C2-H2 group. The behavior of these descriptors is correlated with the experimentally observed 1H chemical shift of the C2-H2 group and the red shift of the C2-H2 vibrational mode, particularly at low ionic liquid mole fractions. The present results are thus of great help in interpreting these experimental observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volodymyr A Koverga
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8516-LASIR-Laboratoire de Spectrochimie Infrarouge et Raman , F-59000 Lille , France.,Department of Inorganic Chemistry , V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University , Svoboda sq. 4 , Kharkiv 61022 , Ukraine.,LAQV@REQUIMTE, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Porto , Rua do Campo Alegre , 4169-007 Porto , Portugal
| | - Yevheniia Smortsova
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8516-LASIR-Laboratoire de Spectrochimie Infrarouge et Raman , F-59000 Lille , France
| | - François Alexandre Miannay
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8516-LASIR-Laboratoire de Spectrochimie Infrarouge et Raman , F-59000 Lille , France
| | - Oleg N Kalugin
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry , V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University , Svoboda sq. 4 , Kharkiv 61022 , Ukraine
| | - Toshiyuki Takamuku
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering , Saga University , Honjo-machi, Saga 840-8502 , Japan
| | - Pal Jedlovszky
- Department of Chemistry , Eszterházy Károly University , Leányka utca 6 , H-3300 Eger , Hungary
| | - Bogdan Marekha
- Molecular Spectroscopy Department , Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research , 10 Ackermannweg , 55128 Mainz , Germany
| | - M Natalia D S Cordeiro
- LAQV@REQUIMTE, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Porto , Rua do Campo Alegre , 4169-007 Porto , Portugal
| | - Abdenacer Idrissi
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8516-LASIR-Laboratoire de Spectrochimie Infrarouge et Raman , F-59000 Lille , France
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28
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Williams IM, Qasim LN, Tran L, Scott A, Riley K, Dutta S. C-D Vibration at C2 Position of Imidazolium Cation as a Probe of the Ionic Liquid Microenvironment. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:6342-6349. [PMID: 31257885 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b02387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Unlike molecular solvents, imidazolium-based ionic liquids are entirely made of ions with spatial heterogeneity. There is a need for spectroscopic probes that can assess the microenvironment near the cations of these complex liquids. In this manuscript, we describe simple chemical procedures to label the C2 position of imidazolium cation with a C-D vibrational probe and show, through linear and nonlinear vibrational spectroscopies, that this C-D stretching mode can be a useful analytical tool to assess both the solvent microenvironment and solute-solvent interactions in imidazolium-based ionic liquids from the cation point of view. It is expected that this C-D vibration probe on the cation will lead to the development of innovative experimental strategies that can provide a better understanding of such ionic liquids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isis Marie Williams
- Department of Chemistry , Xavier University of Louisiana , New Orleans , Louisiana 70125 , United States
| | - Layla N Qasim
- Department of Chemistry , Tulane University , New Orleans , Louisiana 70118 , United States
| | - Ly Tran
- Department of Chemistry , Xavier University of Louisiana , New Orleans , Louisiana 70125 , United States
| | - Asia Scott
- Department of Chemistry , Xavier University of Louisiana , New Orleans , Louisiana 70125 , United States
| | - Kevin Riley
- Department of Chemistry , Xavier University of Louisiana , New Orleans , Louisiana 70125 , United States
| | - Samrat Dutta
- Department of Chemistry , Xavier University of Louisiana , New Orleans , Louisiana 70125 , United States
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29
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Larrechi MS, Cera-Manjarres A, Coronas A. Ranking the solubility of ammonia in ionic liquids using near infrared spectroscopy and multivariate curve resolution. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2019; 215:88-96. [PMID: 30822737 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.02.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We rank the expected solubilities of ammonia in three hydroxyl ionic liquids - [HOEMIm][BF4], [HOEMIm][NTf2] and [Ch][NTf2] - in the temperature range 20-105 °C by analyzing the cations and anions available for interaction with ammonia. As this availability depends on ion-pair formation in ionic liquids, in this paper it is evaluated using the concentration and spectral profiles recovered in the analysis of their near infrared spectra by the multivariate resolution curve - alternating least squares method. The results indicate that the main effect of temperature on ion pairs is to decrease the number of structural configurations with cooperative hydrogen bonds between cation and cation, although in a lesser extent the number of cation-anion interactions increases. Regardless of the type of ionic liquid cation, the cation-anion interactions are higher in the tetrafluorborate ionic liquid than in the imide ionic liquid, hydroxyl imidazolium or choline. Assuming that the solubility of ammonia is limited by the concentration profile values representative of the cation-cation interactions, we deduce that at temperatures higher than 80 °C, ammonia solubility increases in the following order [HOEMIm][BF4] < [HOEMIm][NTf2] < [Ch][NTf2]. At lower temperatures, this order varies with the ammonia concentration in the NH3/ILs mixtures considered. We deduce that if the ammonia concentration is relatively low, the ammonia solubility will be governed by the evolution of cation-anion interaction in the ionic liquids and the solubility order is the same as at higher temperatures. However, when the ammonia concentration is higher, the ammonia solubility in the [Ch][NTf2] ionic liquid is lower than in the hydroxyl-ionic liquids. This conclusion is supported by the experimental vapor-liquid equilibria (VLE) data of ammonia-/ILs mixtures with ammonia mass fractions between 0.2 and 0.8.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Soledad Larrechi
- Group of Research in Applied Thermal Engineering-CREVER, Mechanical Engineering Dept, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain; Analytical and Organic Chemistry Dept, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain.
| | - Andry Cera-Manjarres
- Group of Research in Applied Thermal Engineering-CREVER, Mechanical Engineering Dept, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Alberto Coronas
- Group of Research in Applied Thermal Engineering-CREVER, Mechanical Engineering Dept, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
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Abdurrokhman I, Elamin K, Danyliv O, Hasani M, Swenson J, Martinelli A. Protic Ionic Liquids Based on the Alkyl-Imidazolium Cation: Effect of the Alkyl Chain Length on Structure and Dynamics. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:4044-4054. [PMID: 30995045 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b01274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Protic ionic liquids are known to form extended hydrogen-bonded networks that can lead to properties different from those encountered in the aprotic analogous liquids, in particular with respect to the structure and transport behavior. In this context, the present paper focuses on a wide series of 1-alkyl-imidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ionic liquids, [HC nIm][TFSI], with the alkyl chain length ( n) on the imidazolium cation varying from ethyl ( n = 2) to dodecyl ( n = 12). A combination of several methods, such as vibrational spectroscopy, wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS), broadband dielectric spectroscopy, and 1H NMR spectroscopy, is used to understand the correlation between local cation-anion coordination, nature of nanosegregation, and transport properties. The results indicate the propensity of the -NH site on the cation to form stronger H-bonds with the anion as the alkyl chain length increases. In addition, the position and width of the scattering peak q1 (or the pre-peak), resolved by WAXS and due to the nanosegregation of the polar from the nonpolar domains, are clearly dependent on the alkyl chain length. However, we find no evidence from pulsed-field gradient NMR of a proton motion decoupled from molecular diffusion, hypothesized to be facilitated by the longer N-H bonds localized in the segregated ionic domains. Finally, for all protic ionic liquids investigated, the ionic conductivity displays a Vogel-Fulcher-Tammann dependence on inverse temperature, with an activation energy Ea that also depends on the alkyl chain length, although not strictly linearly.
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31
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Pereira Rodrigues G, Lopes de Lima TM, de Andrade RB, Ventura E, do Monte SA, Barbatti M. Photoinduced Formation of H-Bonded Ion Pair in HCFC-133a. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:1953-1961. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b12482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gessenildo Pereira Rodrigues
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 58059-900, João Pessoa-PB, Brazil
- Faculdade Rebouças, 58406-040, Campina Grande-PB, Brazil
| | | | | | - Elizete Ventura
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 58059-900, João Pessoa-PB, Brazil
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32
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Ma Y, Zhang Y, Zhang W, Heng P, Wang L, Zhang J. Multiscale simulations to uncover the relationship between hydrogen bond and viscosity for ammonium-based ionic liquids. J Mol Liq 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2018.08.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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33
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Effects of C(2) Methylation on Thermal Behavior and Interionic Interactions in Imidazolium-Based Ionic Liquids with Highly Symmetric Anions. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/app8071043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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34
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Seeger ZL, Kobayashi R, Izgorodina EI. Cluster approach to the prediction of thermodynamic and transport properties of ionic liquids. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:193832. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5009791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zoe L. Seeger
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, 17 Rainforest Walk, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Rika Kobayashi
- Australian National University, Leonard Huxley Building 56, Mills Road, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
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Xu J, Zhou Y, Deng G, Ashraf H, Yu ZW. Identifying Different Halogen-/Hydrogen-Bonding Interaction Modes in Binary Systems that Contain an Acetate Ionic Liquid and Various Halobenzenes. Chemphyschem 2018; 19:1030-1040. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201701302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorous, Chemistry and Chemical Biology; Department of Chemistry; Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 P. R. China
| | - Yu Zhou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorous, Chemistry and Chemical Biology; Department of Chemistry; Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; the Growing Base for State Key Laboratory; Qingdao University; Qingdao 266071 P. R. China
| | - Geng Deng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorous, Chemistry and Chemical Biology; Department of Chemistry; Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 P. R. China
| | - Hamad Ashraf
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorous, Chemistry and Chemical Biology; Department of Chemistry; Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Wu Yu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorous, Chemistry and Chemical Biology; Department of Chemistry; Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 P. R. China
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36
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Verma PL, Gejji SP. Electronic structure, spectral characteristics and physicochemical properties of linear, branched and cyclic alkyl group substituted 1-alkyl-3-butylimidazolium cation based ionic liquids. J Mol Liq 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2017.12.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Moosavi M, Khashei F, Sedghamiz E. Molecular dynamics simulation of geminal dicationic ionic liquids [Cn(mim)2][NTf2]2 – structural and dynamical properties. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:435-448. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp05681h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The structural and dynamical properties of two dicationic ionic liquids, i.e. [Cn(mim)2][NTf2]2 with n = 3 and 5, have been studied to obtain a fundamental understanding of the molecular basis of the macroscopic and microscopic properties of the bulk liquid phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Moosavi
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Isfahan
- Isfahan 81746-73441
- Iran
| | - Fatemeh Khashei
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Isfahan
- Isfahan 81746-73441
- Iran
| | - Elaheh Sedghamiz
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Isfahan
- Isfahan 81746-73441
- Iran
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38
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Li Y, Yuan D, Wang Q, Li W, Li S. Accurate prediction of the structure and vibrational spectra of ionic liquid clusters with the generalized energy-based fragmentation approach: critical role of ion-pair-based fragmentation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:13547-13557. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp00513c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The GEBF method with the ion-pair-based fragmentation has been developed to facilitate ab initio calculations of general ionic liquid clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunzhi Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of Ministry of Education
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing
| | - Dandan Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of Ministry of Education
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing
| | - Qingchun Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of Ministry of Education
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing
| | - Wei Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of Ministry of Education
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing
| | - Shuhua Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of Ministry of Education
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing
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39
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Gorlova O, Craig SM, Johnson MA. Communication: Spectroscopic characterization of a strongly interacting C(2)H group on the EMIM+ cation in the (EMIM+)2X− (X = BF4, Cl, Br, and I) ternary building blocks of ionic liquids. J Chem Phys 2017; 147:231101. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5009009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Olga Gorlova
- Sterling Chemistry Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, USA
| | - Stephanie M. Craig
- Sterling Chemistry Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, USA
| | - Mark A. Johnson
- Sterling Chemistry Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, USA
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40
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Lovelock KRJ. Quantifying intermolecular interactions of ionic liquids using cohesive energy densities. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2017; 4:171223. [PMID: 29308254 PMCID: PMC5750021 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.171223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
For ionic liquids (ILs), both the large number of possible cation + anion combinations and their ionic nature provide a unique challenge for understanding intermolecular interactions. Cohesive energy density, ced, is used to quantify the strength of intermolecular interactions for molecular liquids, and is determined using the enthalpy of vaporization. A critical analysis of the experimental challenges and data to obtain ced for ILs is provided. For ILs there are two methods to judge the strength of intermolecular interactions, due to the presence of multiple constituents in the vapour phase of ILs. Firstly, cedIP, where the ionic vapour constituent is neutral ion pairs, the major constituent of the IL vapour. Secondly, cedC+A, where the ionic vapour constituents are isolated ions. A cedIP dataset is presented for 64 ILs. For the first time an experimental cedC+A, a measure of the strength of the total intermolecular interaction for an IL, is presented. cedC+A is significantly larger for ILs than ced for most molecular liquids, reflecting the need to break all of the relatively strong electrostatic interactions present in ILs. However, the van der Waals interactions contribute significantly to IL volatility due to the very strong electrostatic interaction in the neutral ion pair ionic vapour. An excellent linear correlation is found between cedIP and the inverse of the molecular volume. A good linear correlation is found between IL cedIP and IL Gordon parameter (which are dependent primarily on surface tension). ced values obtained through indirect methods gave similar magnitude values to cedIP. These findings show that cedIP is very important for understanding IL intermolecular interactions, in spite of cedIP not being a measure of the total intermolecular interactions of an IL. In the outlook section, remaining challenges for understanding IL intermolecular interactions are outlined.
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41
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Hasib-ur-Rahman M, Hamoudi S, Belkacemi K. Fatty acid methyl ester heterogeneous self-metathesis in hydrophobic green solvent: Mass transfer limitations, catalyst recyclability, and stability. CAN J CHEM ENG 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.22918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Hasib-ur-Rahman
- Department of Soil Sciences and Food Engineering Université Laval; Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Centre in Green Chemistry and Catalysis (CGCC), 801 Sherbrooke Street West; Otto Maass Building, Room 416 Montréal, QC H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Safia Hamoudi
- Department of Soil Sciences and Food Engineering Université Laval; Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Centre in Green Chemistry and Catalysis (CGCC), 801 Sherbrooke Street West; Otto Maass Building, Room 416 Montréal, QC H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Khaled Belkacemi
- Department of Soil Sciences and Food Engineering Université Laval; Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Centre in Green Chemistry and Catalysis (CGCC), 801 Sherbrooke Street West; Otto Maass Building, Room 416 Montréal, QC H3A 0B8, Canada
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42
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Men S, Jiang J. Probing the impact of the cation acidity on the cation-anion interaction in ionic liquids by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Chem Phys Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2017.03.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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43
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Maier F, Niedermaier I, Steinrück HP. Perspective: Chemical reactions in ionic liquids monitored through the gas (vacuum)/liquid interface. J Chem Phys 2017; 146:170901. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4982355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- F. Maier
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 3, 91058 Erlangen,
Germany
| | - I. Niedermaier
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 3, 91058 Erlangen,
Germany
| | - H.-P. Steinrück
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 3, 91058 Erlangen,
Germany
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44
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Izgorodina EI, Seeger ZL, Scarborough DLA, Tan SYS. Quantum Chemical Methods for the Prediction of Energetic, Physical, and Spectroscopic Properties of Ionic Liquids. Chem Rev 2017; 117:6696-6754. [PMID: 28139908 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The accurate prediction of physicochemical properties of condensed systems is a longstanding goal of theoretical (quantum) chemistry. Ionic liquids comprising entirely of ions provide a unique challenge in this respect due to the diverse chemical nature of available ions and the complex interplay of intermolecular interactions among them, thus resulting in the wide variability of physicochemical properties, such as thermodynamic, transport, and spectroscopic properties. It is well understood that intermolecular forces are directly linked to physicochemical properties of condensed systems, and therefore, an understanding of this relationship would greatly aid in the design and synthesis of functionalized materials with tailored properties for an application at hand. This review aims to give an overview of how electronic structure properties obtained from quantum chemical methods such as interaction/binding energy and its fundamental components, dipole moment, polarizability, and orbital energies, can help shed light on the energetic, physical, and spectroscopic properties of semi-Coulomb systems such as ionic liquids. Particular emphasis is given to the prediction of their thermodynamic, transport, spectroscopic, and solubilizing properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina I Izgorodina
- Monash Computational Chemistry Group, School of Chemistry, Monash University , 17 Rainforest Walk, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Zoe L Seeger
- Monash Computational Chemistry Group, School of Chemistry, Monash University , 17 Rainforest Walk, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - David L A Scarborough
- Monash Computational Chemistry Group, School of Chemistry, Monash University , 17 Rainforest Walk, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Samuel Y S Tan
- Monash Computational Chemistry Group, School of Chemistry, Monash University , 17 Rainforest Walk, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
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45
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Pilar K, Rua A, Suarez SN, Mallia C, Lai S, Jayakody JRP, Hatcher JL, Wishart JF, Greenbaum S. Investigation of dynamics in BMIM TFSA ionic liquid through variable temperature and pressure NMR relaxometry and diffusometry. JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY 2017; 164:H5189-H5196. [PMID: 30034028 PMCID: PMC6052354 DOI: 10.1149/2.0301708jes] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A comprehensive variable temperature, pressure and frequency multinuclear (1H, 2H, and 19F) magnetic resonance study was undertaken on selectively deuterated 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amide (BMIM TFSA) ionic liquid isotopologues. This study builds on our earlier investigation of the effects of increasing alkyl chain length on diffusion and dynamics in imidazolium-based TFSA ionic liquids. Fast field cycling 1H T1 data revealed multiple modes of motion. Through calculation of diffusion coefficient (D) values and activation energies, the low- and high-field regimes were assigned to the translational and reorientation dynamics respectively. Variable-pressure 2H T1 measurements reveal site-dependent interactions in the cation with strengths in the order MD3 > CD3 > CD2, indicating dissimilarities in the electric field gradients along the alkyl chain, with the CD2 sites having the largest gradient. Additionally, the α saturation effect in T1 vs. P was observed for all three sites, suggesting significant reduction of the short-range rapid reorientational dynamics. This reduction was also deduced from the variable pressure 1H T1 data, which showed an approach to saturation for both the methyl and butyl group terminal methyl sites. Pressure-dependent D measurements show independent motions for both cations and anions, with the cations having greater D values over the entire pressure range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kartik Pilar
- Department of Physics, Hunter College, New York, NY 10065, United States
- CUNY Graduate School, New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Armando Rua
- Department of Physics, Hunter College, New York, NY 10065, United States
- Department of Physics, Recinto Universitario de Mayagüez, Mayagüez, PR 00681
- CUNY Graduate School, New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Sophia N Suarez
- Physics Department, Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, NY 11210, United States
- CUNY Graduate School, New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Christopher Mallia
- Department of Physics, Hunter College, New York, NY 10065, United States
| | - Shen Lai
- Department of Physics, Hunter College, New York, NY 10065, United States
- CUNY Graduate School, New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - J R P Jayakody
- Department of Physics, University of Kelaniya, Kelaniya, Sri Lanka 11600
| | - Jasmine L Hatcher
- Chemistry Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, United States
- CUNY Graduate School, New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - James F Wishart
- Chemistry Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, United States
| | - Steve Greenbaum
- Department of Physics, Hunter College, New York, NY 10065, United States
- CUNY Graduate School, New York, New York 10016, United States
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46
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Fogarty RM, Matthews RP, Clough MT, Ashworth CR, Brandt-Talbot A, Corbett PJ, Palgrave RG, Bourne RA, Chamberlain TW, Vander Hoogerstraete T, Thompson PBJ, Hunt PA, Besley NA, Lovelock KRJ. NEXAFS spectroscopy of ionic liquids: experiments versus calculations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:31156-31167. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp07143d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Experimental N 1s and S 1s NEXAFS spectra are compared to TD-DFT calculated spectra for 12 ionic liquids.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Paul J. Corbett
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London
- UK
| | | | - Richard A. Bourne
- School of Chemical and Process Engineering
- University of Leeds
- UK
- Institute of Process Research and Development
- School of Chemistry
| | - Thomas W. Chamberlain
- Institute of Process Research and Development
- School of Chemistry
- University of Leeds
- UK
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47
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Si D, Chen K, Yao J, Li H. Structures and Electronic Properties of Lithium Chelate-Based Ionic Liquids. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:3904-13. [PMID: 27070194 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b00731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The conformations, electronic properties, and interaction energies of four chelate-based ionic liquids [Li(EA)][Tf2N], [Li(HDA)][Tf2N], [Li(DEA)][Tf2N], and [Li(DOBA)][Tf2N] have been theoretically explored. The reliability of the located conformers has been confirmed via the comparison between the simulated and experimental infrared spectra. Our results show that the N-Li and O-Li coordinate bonds in cation are elongated as the numbers of coordinate heteroatoms of alkanolamine ligands to Li(+) increased. Also the binding energies between Li(+) and ligands are increased and the interaction energies between cations and Tf2N anion are decreased. The cation-anion interaction energies follow the order of [Li(DOBA)][Tf2N] < [Li(HDA)][Tf2N] < [Li(DEA)][Tf2N] < [Li(EA)][Tf2N], which fall within the energetic ranges of conventional ionic liquids. Interestingly, the strongest stabilization orbital interactions in these ionic liquids and their cations revealed by the natural bond orbital analysis lie in the interaction between the lone pair (LP) of the coordinate heteroatoms in ligands or anion as donors and the vacant valence shell nonbonding orbital (LP*) of Li(+) as acceptors, which are very different from that of conventional ionic liquids. Moreover, the charges transferred from cations to anion are quite similar, and the charge of Li(+) is proposed for possibly predicting the order of the interaction energies of ionic liquids in series. The present study allows for the deeper understanding the differences between chelate-based ionic liquids and conventional ionic liquids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Si
- Department of Chemistry, ZJU-NHU United R&D Center, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Kexian Chen
- College of Food and Biology Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University , Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, P. R. China
| | - Jia Yao
- Department of Chemistry, ZJU-NHU United R&D Center, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Haoran Li
- Department of Chemistry, ZJU-NHU United R&D Center, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
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48
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Theoretical Studies on the Adsorption of 1-Butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium-hexafluorophosphate (BMI/PF $$_6$$ 6 ) on Au(100) Surfaces. Top Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11244-016-0552-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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49
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Mousavi MPS, Wilson BE, Kashefolgheta S, Anderson EL, He S, Bühlmann P, Stein A. Ionic Liquids as Electrolytes for Electrochemical Double-Layer Capacitors: Structures that Optimize Specific Energy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:3396-406. [PMID: 26771378 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b11353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Key parameters that influence the specific energy of electrochemical double-layer capacitors (EDLCs) are the double-layer capacitance and the operating potential of the cell. The operating potential of the cell is generally limited by the electrochemical window of the electrolyte solution, that is, the range of applied voltages within which the electrolyte or solvent is not reduced or oxidized. Ionic liquids are of interest as electrolytes for EDLCs because they offer relatively wide potential windows. Here, we provide a systematic study of the influence of the physical properties of ionic liquid electrolytes on the electrochemical stability and electrochemical performance (double-layer capacitance, specific energy) of EDLCs that employ a mesoporous carbon model electrode with uniform, highly interconnected mesopores (3DOm carbon). Several ionic liquids with structurally diverse anions (tetrafluoroborate, trifluoromethanesulfonate, trifluoromethanesulfonimide) and cations (imidazolium, ammonium, pyridinium, piperidinium, and pyrrolidinium) were investigated. We show that the cation size has a significant effect on the electrolyte viscosity and conductivity, as well as the capacitance of EDLCs. Imidazolium- and pyridinium-based ionic liquids provide the highest cell capacitance, and ammonium-based ionic liquids offer potential windows much larger than imidazolium and pyridinium ionic liquids. Increasing the chain length of the alkyl substituents in 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonimide does not widen the potential window of the ionic liquid. We identified the ionic liquids that maximize the specific energies of EDLCs through the combined effects of their potential windows and the double-layer capacitance. The highest specific energies are obtained with ionic liquid electrolytes that possess moderate electrochemical stability, small ionic volumes, low viscosity, and hence high conductivity, the best performing ionic liquid tested being 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maral P S Mousavi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota , 207 Pleasant Street S.E., Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Benjamin E Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota , 207 Pleasant Street S.E., Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Sadra Kashefolgheta
- Department of Theory and Bio-Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces , Science Park, Potsdam 14476, Germany
| | | | | | - Philippe Bühlmann
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota , 207 Pleasant Street S.E., Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Andreas Stein
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota , 207 Pleasant Street S.E., Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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50
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Cade EA, Petenuci J, Hoffmann MM. Aggregation Behavior of Several Ionic Liquids in Molecular Solvents of Low Polarity-Indication of a Bimodal Distribution. Chemphyschem 2016; 17:520-9. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201500990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Revised: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elise A. Cade
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; The College at Brockport; State University of New York; Brockport NY 14420 USA
| | - João Petenuci
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; The College at Brockport; State University of New York; Brockport NY 14420 USA
| | - Markus M. Hoffmann
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; The College at Brockport; State University of New York; Brockport NY 14420 USA
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