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Bustamante MÁ, Michelozzi M, Barra Caracciolo A, Grenni P, Verbokkem J, Geerdink P, Safi C, Nogues I. Effects of Soil Fertilization on Terpenoids and Other Carbon-Based Secondary Metabolites in Rosmarinus officinalis Plants: A Comparative Study. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9070830. [PMID: 32630705 PMCID: PMC7411580 DOI: 10.3390/plants9070830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Rosmarinus officinalis is an evergreen aromatic plant with important commercial interest as it contains numerous essential oils (composed of terpenoid compounds) and phenolic constituents (natural antioxidant compounds). This work aims at evaluating the concomitant effects of different inorganic and organic fertilization treatments and the subsequent increases in soil nutrient availability on terpenoids and other carbon-based secondary metabolites, e.g., flavonoids and phenolic compounds, in Rosmarinus officinalis leaves. The results showed that, as expected, the structural carbohydrate content (lignocellulosic compounds) in stems was higher in fertilized plants than in controls. Additionally, positive correlations were observed of the absolute amounts of total terpenoids and some single terpenoid compounds with N or P contents in leaves. On the contrary, the phenolic and flavonoid concentrations in all the rosemary plant parts were lower with the fertilization treatments. Indeed, negative correlations between the phenolic compounds (and flavonoids) and N in rosemary leaves were also found. Overall, the results suggest that the terpenoid production's response to fertilization was due to N, which is essential for protein synthesis and terpene synthase activity, and to P, which is necessary for the synthesis of both terpenoid precursors and ATP and NADPH, also needed for terpenoid synthesis. On the other hand, the basis for the fertilization's effects on the production of phenolic compounds is the direct nitrogen trade-off between growth and the shikimic acid pathway by which phenolics compounds are synthesized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Ángeles Bustamante
- Department of Agrochemistry and Environment, Miguel Hernandez University, EPS-Orihuela, ctra. Beniel km 3.2, 03312 Orihuela, Spain;
| | - Marco Michelozzi
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, National Research Council, via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy;
| | - Anna Barra Caracciolo
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council, Via Salaria km 29.300, 00015 Monterotondo, Rome, Italy; (A.B.C.); (P.G.)
| | - Paola Grenni
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council, Via Salaria km 29.300, 00015 Monterotondo, Rome, Italy; (A.B.C.); (P.G.)
| | - Janine Verbokkem
- Wageningen Food & Biobased Research, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands; (J.V.); (P.G.); (C.S.)
| | - Peter Geerdink
- Wageningen Food & Biobased Research, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands; (J.V.); (P.G.); (C.S.)
| | - Carl Safi
- Wageningen Food & Biobased Research, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands; (J.V.); (P.G.); (C.S.)
| | - Isabel Nogues
- Research Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, National Research Council, Via Salaria km 29.300, 00015 Monterotondo, Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-06-9067-2227
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Lourkisti R, Froelicher Y, Herbette S, Morillon R, Tomi F, Gibernau M, Giannettini J, Berti L, Santini J. Triploid Citrus Genotypes Have a Better Tolerance to Natural Chilling Conditions of Photosynthetic Capacities and Specific Leaf Volatile Organic Compounds. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:330. [PMID: 32391024 PMCID: PMC7189121 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Low temperatures during winter are one of the main constraints for citrus crop. Polyploid rootstocks can be used for improving tolerance to abiotic stresses, such as cold stress. Because the produced fruit are seedless, using triploid scions is one of the most promising approaches to satisfy consumer expectations. In this study, we evaluated how the triploidy of new citrus varieties influences their sensitivity to natural chilling temperatures. We compared their behavior to that of diploid citrus, their parents (Fortune mandarin and Ellendale tangor), and one diploid clementine tree, as reference, focusing on photosynthesis parameters, oxidative metabolism, and volatile organic compounds (VOC) in leaves. Triploid varieties appeared to be more tolerant than diploid ones to natural low temperatures, as evidenced by better photosynthetic properties (Pnet, gs, Fv/Fm , ETR/P net ratio), without relying on a better antioxidant system. The VOC levels were not influenced by chilling temperatures; however, they were affected by the ploidy level and atypical chemotypes were found in triploid varieties, with the highest proportions of E-β-ocimene and linalool. Such compounds may contribute to better stress adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radia Lourkisti
- CNRS, Equipe de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire du Végétal, UMR 6134 SPE, Université de Corse, Corsica, France
| | | | | | - Raphael Morillon
- Equipe “Amélioration des Plantes à Multiplication Végétative”, UMR AGAP, Département BIOS, CIRAD, Petit-Bourg, Guadeloupe
| | - Félix Tomi
- CNRS, Equipe Chimie et Biomasse, UMR 6134 SPE, Université de Corse, Corsica, France
| | - Marc Gibernau
- CNRS, Equipe Chimie et Biomasse, UMR 6134 SPE, Université de Corse, Corsica, France
| | - Jean Giannettini
- CNRS, Equipe de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire du Végétal, UMR 6134 SPE, Université de Corse, Corsica, France
| | - Liliane Berti
- CNRS, Equipe de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire du Végétal, UMR 6134 SPE, Université de Corse, Corsica, France
| | - Jérémie Santini
- CNRS, Equipe de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire du Végétal, UMR 6134 SPE, Université de Corse, Corsica, France
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Seasonal and diel variations in scent composition of ephemeral Murraya paniculata (Linn.) Jack flowers are contributed by separate volatile components. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2020.104004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Rinnan R, Steinke M, McGenity T, Loreto F. Plant volatiles in extreme terrestrial and marine environments. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2014; 37:1776-89. [PMID: 24601952 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2013] [Accepted: 02/26/2014] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
This review summarizes the current understanding on plant and algal volatile organic compound (VOC) production and emission in extreme environments, where temperature, water availability, salinity or other environmental factors pose stress on vegetation. Here, the extreme environments include terrestrial systems, such as arctic tundra, deserts, CO₂ springs and wetlands, and marine systems such as sea ice, tidal rock pools and hypersaline environments, with mangroves and salt marshes at the land-sea interface. The emission potentials at fixed temperature and light level or actual emission rates for phototrophs in extreme environments are frequently higher than for organisms from less stressful environments. For example, plants from the arctic tundra appear to have higher emission potentials for isoprenoids than temperate species, and hypersaline marine habitats contribute to global dimethyl sulphide (DMS) emissions in significant amounts. DMS emissions are more widespread than previously considered, for example, in salt marshes and some desert plants. The reason for widespread VOC, especially isoprenoid, emissions from different extreme environments deserves further attention, as these compounds may have important roles in stress resistance and adaptation to extremes. Climate warming is likely to significantly increase VOC emissions from extreme environments both by direct effects on VOC production and volatility, and indirectly by altering the composition of the vegetation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riikka Rinnan
- Terrestrial Ecology Section, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen Ø, DK-2100, Denmark; Centre for Permafrost (CENPERM), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen K, DK-1350, Denmark
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