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Gastineau R, Lemieux C, Turmel M, Otis C, Boyle B, Coulis M, Gouraud C, Boag B, Murchie AK, Winsor L, Justine JL. The invasive land flatworm Arthurdendyus triangulatus has repeated sequences in the mitogenome, extra-long cox2 gene and paralogous nuclear rRNA clusters. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7840. [PMID: 38570596 PMCID: PMC10991399 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58600-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Using a combination of short- and long-reads sequencing, we were able to sequence the complete mitochondrial genome of the invasive 'New Zealand flatworm' Arthurdendyus triangulatus (Geoplanidae, Rhynchodeminae, Caenoplanini) and its two complete paralogous nuclear rRNA gene clusters. The mitogenome has a total length of 20,309 bp and contains repetitions that includes two types of tandem-repeats that could not be solved by short-reads sequencing. We also sequenced for the first time the mitogenomes of four species of Caenoplana (Caenoplanini). A maximum likelihood phylogeny associated A. triangulatus with the other Caenoplanini but Parakontikia ventrolineata and Australopacifica atrata were rejected from the Caenoplanini and associated instead with the Rhynchodemini, with Platydemus manokwari. It was found that the mitogenomes of all species of the subfamily Rhynchodeminae share several unusual structural features, including a very long cox2 gene. This is the first time that the complete paralogous rRNA clusters, which differ in length, sequence and seemingly number of copies, were obtained for a Geoplanidae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Gastineau
- Institute of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Claude Lemieux
- Département de Biochimie, de Microbiologie et de Bio-Informatique, Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Monique Turmel
- Département de Biochimie, de Microbiologie et de Bio-Informatique, Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Christian Otis
- Plateforme d'Analyse Génomique, Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Brian Boyle
- Plateforme d'Analyse Génomique, Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Mathieu Coulis
- CIRAD, UPR GECO, 97285, Le Lamentin, Martinique, France
- GECO, CIRAD, University Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Clément Gouraud
- UMR CNRS 6553 Ecobio, Université de Rennes, 263 Avenue du Gal Leclerc, CS 74205, CEDEX, 35042, Rennes, France
| | - Brian Boag
- The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, DD2 5DA, Scotland
| | - Archie K Murchie
- Sustainable Agri-Food Sciences Division, Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Belfast, BT9 5PX, Northern Ireland
| | - Leigh Winsor
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University of North Queensland, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Jean-Lou Justine
- ISYEB, Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité (UMR7205 CNRS, EPHE, MNHN, UPMC, Université des Antilles), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CP 51, 55 Rue Buffon, 75231, Paris Cedex 05, France
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Rojo I, Escudero N, Fernndez R, Fernndez-Lvarez FN. First record of the alien land flatworm Marionfyfea adventor (Platyhelminthes: Geoplanidae) in the Iberian Peninsula. Zootaxa 2024; 5397:291-294. [PMID: 38221202 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5397.2.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Iaki Rojo
- Citizen scientist; Sopelana; Euskadi; Spain.
| | - Nuria Escudero
- Animal Biodiversity and Evolution; Institute of Evolutionary Biology (CSIC-UPF); Barcelona; Spain.
| | - Rosa Fernndez
- Animal Biodiversity and Evolution; Institute of Evolutionary Biology (CSIC-UPF); Barcelona; Spain.
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Kakui K, Tsuyuki A. Flatworm cocoons in the abyss: same plan under pressure. Biol Lett 2024; 20:20230506. [PMID: 38263880 PMCID: PMC10806396 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2023.0506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
While knowledge of early ontogeny in abyssal animals is highly limited in general, it was completely lacking for abyssal, free-living platyhelminths. We discovered flatworm egg capsules (or 'cocoons') on rocks collected at depths of 6176-6200 m on the abyssal slope of the Kuril-Kamchatka Trench, northwestern Pacific. The egg capsules were black and spherical, around 3 mm in diameter, and contained three to seven individuals (n = 4) at the same developmental stage, either the spherical (putative early embryo) or vermiform (putative late embryo) stages. A molecular phylogenetic analysis based on 18S and 28S rRNA sequences revealed that the flatworms belong in suborder Maricola in Tricladida and suggested that they may have colonized from shallow to deep waters. This study provides the deepest record for free-living flatworms and the first information on their early life stages in the abyssal zone, which were very similar to those in shallow-water forms. This similarity in development between the relatively benign shallow-water and the extreme abyssal environments suggests that triclads adapting to the latter faced primarily physiological and/or ecological adaptive challenges rather than developmental ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichi Kakui
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
| | - Aoi Tsuyuki
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
- Creative Research Institution, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
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Luna MDE, Boll PK. An annotated checklist of terrestrial flatworms (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida: Geoplanidae) from Mexico, with new records of invasive species from a citizen science platform and a new nomen dubium. Zootaxa 2023; 5297:518-532. [PMID: 37518781 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5297.4.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
A checklist of species of terrestrial flatworms (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida: Geoplanidae) recorded for Mexico is compiled, listing 11 species. Five are directly referenced in the literature: Bipalium kewense Moseley, 1878, Bipalium vagum Jones & Sterrer, 2005, Diporodemus yucatani Hyman, 1938, Geoplana multipunctata Fuhrmann, 1914, and Pseudogeoplana nigrofusca (Darwin, 1844); and one species had been indirectly mentioned for the country: Parakontikia ventrolineata (Dendy, 1892), which was described from material intercepted in the USA in a shipment of ornamental plants from Mexico. Mexican records from the citizen science platform iNaturalist were reviewed, revealing the presence of five widely distributed invasive species: Caenoplana coerulea Moseley, 1877, recorded in Ciudad de Mexico; Endeavouria septemlineata (Hyman, 1939), recorded in Ciudad de Mexico, Estado de Mexico, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Morelos, and Oaxaca; Dolichoplana carvalhoi Corrêa, 1947, recorded in Jalisco; Dolichoplana striata Moseley, 1877, recorded in Morelos, Nuevo Leon, Quintana Roo, Tamaulipas, and Veracruz; and Rhynchodemus sylvaticus (Leidy, 1851), recorded in Jalisco. The presence of Parakontikia ventrolineata is confirmed for the country, being recorded in Ciudad de Mexico, Estado de Mexico, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Michoacan, Puebla, Queretaro, and Veracruz. The original description of Pseudogeoplana nigrofusca was revisited and compared to subsequent descriptions and keys, noting that the specimens are not conspecific and that the original description is too vague to accurately identify the species, therefore, this taxon is hereby relegated as a nomen dubium. A key for the higher taxa (subfamilies and tribes) of the North American terrestrial flatworms is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel DE Luna
- Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon; Ciudad Universitaria; P.C. 66451; San Nicolas de los Garza; Nuevo Leoon; Mexico.
| | - Piter Kehoma Boll
- Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos; Avenida Unisinos; 950; 93022-750; São Leopoldo; RS; Brazil.
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Geraerts M, Huyse T, Barson M, Bassirou H, Bilong Bilong CF, Bitja Nyom AR, Chocha Manda A, Cruz-Laufer AJ, Kalombo Kabalika C, Kapepula Kasembele G, Muterezi Bukinga F, Njom S, Artois T, Vanhove MPM. Mosaic or melting pot: The use of monogeneans as a biological tag and magnifying glass to discriminate introduced populations of Nile tilapia in sub-Saharan Africa. Genomics 2022; 114:110328. [PMID: 35276332 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2022.110328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The origin of introduced Nile tilapia stocks in sub-Saharan Africa is largely unknown. In this study, the potential of monogeneans as a biological tag and magnifying glass is tested to reveal their hosts' stocking history. The monogenean gill community of different Nile tilapia populations in sub-Saharan Africa was explored, and a phylogeographic analysis was performed based on the mitogenomes of four dactylogyrid species (Cichlidogyrus halli, C. sclerosus, C. thurstonae, and Scutogyrus longicornis). Our results encourage the use of dactylogyrids as biological tags. The magnifying glass hypothesis is only confirmed for C. thurstonae, highlighting the importance of the absence of other potential hosts as prerequisites for a parasite to act as a magnifying glass. With the data generated here, we are the first to extract mitogenomes from individual monogeneans and to perform an upscaled survey of the comparative phylogeography of several monogenean species with unprecedented diagnostic resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mare Geraerts
- UHasselt - Hasselt University, Faculty of Sciences, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Research Group Zoology: Biodiversity and Toxicology, Diepenbeek, Belgium.
| | - Tine Huyse
- Department of Biology, Royal Museum for Central Africa, Tervuren, Belgium
| | - Maxwell Barson
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana; Lake Kariba Research Station, University of Zimbabwe, Kariba, Zimbabwe
| | - Hassan Bassirou
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ngaoundéré, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon
| | | | - Arnold R Bitja Nyom
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ngaoundéré, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon; Department of Management of Fisheries and Aquatic Ecosystems, Institute of Fisheries, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Auguste Chocha Manda
- Unité de Recherche en Biodiversité et Exploitation durable des Zones Humides (BEZHU), Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques, Université de Lubumbashi, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Armando J Cruz-Laufer
- UHasselt - Hasselt University, Faculty of Sciences, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Research Group Zoology: Biodiversity and Toxicology, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Clément Kalombo Kabalika
- Unité de Recherche en Biodiversité et Exploitation durable des Zones Humides (BEZHU), Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques, Université de Lubumbashi, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Gyrhaiss Kapepula Kasembele
- Unité de Recherche en Biodiversité et Exploitation durable des Zones Humides (BEZHU), Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques, Université de Lubumbashi, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Fidel Muterezi Bukinga
- Section de Parasitologie, Département de Biologie, Centre de Recherche en Hydrobiologie, Uvira, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Samuel Njom
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ngaoundéré, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon
| | - Tom Artois
- UHasselt - Hasselt University, Faculty of Sciences, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Research Group Zoology: Biodiversity and Toxicology, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Maarten P M Vanhove
- UHasselt - Hasselt University, Faculty of Sciences, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Research Group Zoology: Biodiversity and Toxicology, Diepenbeek, Belgium; Zoology Unit, Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Justine JL, Gastineau R, Gros P, Gey D, Ruzzier E, Charles L, Winsor L. Hammerhead flatworms (Platyhelminthes, Geoplanidae, Bipaliinae): mitochondrial genomes and description of two new species from France, Italy, and Mayotte. PeerJ 2022; 10:e12725. [PMID: 35178290 PMCID: PMC8815365 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND New records of alien land planarians are regularly reported worldwide, and some correspond to undescribed species of unknown geographic origin. The description of new species of land planarians (Geoplanidae) should classically be based on both external morphology and histology of anatomical structures, especially the copulatory organs, ideally with the addition of molecular data. METHODS Here, we describe the morphology and reproductive anatomy of a species previously reported as Diversibipalium "black", and the morphology of a species previously reported as Diversibipalium "blue". Based on next generation sequencing, we obtained the complete mitogenome of five species of Bipaliinae, including these two species. RESULTS The new species Humbertium covidum n. sp. (syn: Diversibipalium "black" of Justine et al., 2018) is formally described on the basis of morphology, histology and mitogenome, and is assigned to Humbertium on the basis of its reproductive anatomy. The type-locality is Casier, Italy, and other localities are in the Department of Pyrénées-Atlantiques, France; some published or unpublished records suggest that this species might also be present in Russia, China, and Japan. The mitogenomic polymorphism of two geographically distinct specimens (Italy vs France) is described; the cox1 gene displayed 2.25% difference. The new species Diversibipalium mayottensis n. sp. (syn: Diversibipalium "blue" of Justine et al., 2018) is formally described on the basis of external morphology and complete mitogenome and is assigned to Diversibipalium on the basis of an absence of information on its reproductive anatomy. The type- and only known locality is the island of Mayotte in the Mozambique Channel off Africa. Phylogenies of bipaliine geoplanids were constructed on the basis of SSU, LSU, mitochondrial proteins and concatenated sequences of cox1, SSU and LSU. In all four phylogenies, D. mayottensis was the sister-group to all the other bipaliines. With the exception of D. multilineatum which could not be circularised, the complete mitogenomes of B. kewense, B. vagum, B. adventitium, H. covidum and D. mayottensis were colinear. The 16S gene in all bipaliine species was problematic because usual tools were unable to locate its exact position. CONCLUSION Next generation sequencing, which can provide complete mitochondrial genomes as well as traditionally used genes such as SSU, LSU and cox1, is a powerful tool for delineating and describing species of Bipaliinae when the reproductive structure cannot be studied, which is sometimes the case of asexually reproducing invasive species. The unexpected position of the new species D. mayottensis as sister-group to all other Bipaliinae in all phylogenetic analyses suggests that the species could belong to a new genus, yet to be described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Lou Justine
- ISYEB-Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France
| | - Romain Gastineau
- Institute of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Pierre Gros
- Amateur Naturalist, Unaffiliated, Cagnes-sur-Mer, France
| | - Delphine Gey
- Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-Organismes, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France
| | - Enrico Ruzzier
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and the Environment (DAFNAE), Padova, Italy
| | | | - Leigh Winsor
- James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
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Negrete L, Lenguas Francavilla M, Damborenea C, Brusa F. Trying to take over the world: Potential distribution of Obama nungara (Platyhelminthes: Geoplanidae), the Neotropical land planarian that has reached Europe. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2020; 26:4907-4918. [PMID: 32510686 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Obama nungara Carbayo, Álvarez-Presas, Jones, & Riutort, 2016 is a land planarian (Platyhelminthes: Geoplanidae) native to southern South America, which has recently dispersed towards several countries of the European continent, thus becoming a threat to the native soil fauna. Its dispersion would be favoured by its wide food habit and its tendency to live linked to humans, being the plant trade its most plausible vector of dispersion. Here, we explored the potential distribution of O. nungara on a global scale by using the MaxEnt software. We used 144 records (encompassing 10 countries) from sampling campaigns, citizen science, recent literature, and material deposited in scientific collections. Our results showed that southern South America has favourable climatic conditions for O. nungara. MaxEnt also allowed predicting expansions to countries of Europe where this planarian is already established and to others not yet colonized, as well as to Asia (southern coast of the Caspian Sea, Taiwan, and south-east of mainland China) and Oceania (south-east of Australia and New Zealand). The potential distribution of O. nungara was mainly outlined by climatic factors related to temperature (annual mean temperature, mean temperature of the coldest quarter, and annual temperature range). Thus, under a global warming scenario, a significant expansion of O. nungara relative to the current prediction is expected. This information may be useful to design strategies to prevent new introductions, since the dissemination of this planarian seems to be strongly man-linked.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisandro Negrete
- División Zoología Invertebrados, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- CONICET - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marina Lenguas Francavilla
- División Zoología Invertebrados, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- CONICET - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cristina Damborenea
- División Zoología Invertebrados, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- CONICET - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Francisco Brusa
- División Zoología Invertebrados, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- CONICET - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Fernández-Álvarez FÁ, Braid HE, Nigmatullin CM, Bolstad KSR, Haimovici M, Sánchez P, Sajikumar KK, Ragesh N, Villanueva R. Global biodiversity of the genus Ommastrephes (Ommastrephidae: Cephalopoda): an allopatric cryptic species complex. Zool J Linn Soc 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Cryptic speciation among morphologically homogeneous species is a phenomenon increasingly reported in cosmopolitan marine invertebrates. This situation usually leads to the discovery of new species, each of which occupies a smaller fraction of the original distributional range. The resolution of the taxonomic status of species complexes is essential because species are used as the unit of action for conservation and natural resource management politics. Before the present study, Ommastrephes bartramii was considered a monotypic cosmopolitan species with a discontinuous distribution. Here, individuals from nearly its entire distributional range were evaluated with mitochondrial DNA (cytochrome c oxidase subunit I and 16S rRNA). Four distinct species were consistently identified using four molecular species delimitation methods. These results, in combination with morphological and metabolic information from the literature, were used to resurrect three formerly synonymized names (Ommastrephes brevimanus, Ommastrephes caroli and Ommastrephes cylindraceus) and to propose revised distributional ranges for each species. In addition, diagnostic characters from the molecular sequences were incorporated in the species description. At present, only one of the four newly recognized species (Ommastrephes bartramii) is commercially exploited by fisheries in the North Pacific, but it now appears that the distributional range of this species is far smaller than previously believed, which is an essential consideration for effective fisheries management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Á Fernández-Álvarez
- Institut de Ciències del Mar (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
- Ryan Institute and School of Natural Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Heather E Braid
- AUT Lab for Cephalopod Ecology & Systematics, Institute for Applied Ecology New Zealand, School of Science, Auckland University of Technology, Private Bag, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - Kathrin S R Bolstad
- AUT Lab for Cephalopod Ecology & Systematics, Institute for Applied Ecology New Zealand, School of Science, Auckland University of Technology, Private Bag, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Manuel Haimovici
- Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande – FURG, Brazil
| | - Pilar Sánchez
- Institut de Ciències del Mar (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Nadakkal Ragesh
- Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute (CMFRI), Kerala, India
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Justine JL, Winsor L, Gey D, Gros P, Thévenot J. Obama chez moi! The invasion of metropolitan France by the land planarian Obama nungara (Platyhelminthes, Geoplanidae). PeerJ 2020; 8:e8385. [PMID: 32071801 PMCID: PMC7007977 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Obama nungara is a species of land flatworm originating from South America; the species was recently described and distinguished from a similar species, Obama marmorata. Obama nungara has invaded several countries of Europe, but the extent of the invasion has not been thoroughly mapped. Methods In this article, based on a five and a half-year survey undertaken by citizen science, which yielded 530 records from 2013 to 2018, we analysed information about the invasion of Metropolitan France by O. nungara. We also investigated the variability of newly obtained cytochrome c oxidase 1 (COI) sequences of specimens from France, Italy and Switzerland. Results Obama nungara was recorded from 72 of the 96 Departments of Metropolitan France. The species is especially abundant along the Atlantic coast, from the Spanish border to Brittany, and along the Mediterranean coast, from the Spanish border to the Italian border. More than half of the records were from an altitude below 50 m, and no record was from above 500 m; mountainous regions such as the Alps, Pyrenees and Massif Central are not invaded. Local abundance can be impressive, with 100 of specimens found in a small garden. An analysis of our new COI sequences, combined with published sequences of specimens from several countries, confirmed that three clades comprise the species. The first clade, ‘Brazil’, is currently confined to this country in South America; the second clade, ‘Argentina 2’, was found in Argentina and in Europe, only in Spain; and the third, ‘Argentina 1’, was found in Argentina and in Europe, in Spain, Portugal, France, UK, Italy, Belgium, and Switzerland. This suggests that two clades of O. nungara from Argentina have invaded Europe, with one widely spread. Discussion The present findings strongly suggest that O. nungara is a highly invasive species and that the population which has invaded several countries in Europe comes from Argentina. The wide dispersion of the species and its reported local abundance, combined with the predatory character of the species, make O. nungara a potential threat to the biodiversity and ecology of the native soil fauna in Europe, and probably the most threatening species of all invasive land planarians present in Europe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Lou Justine
- ISYEB, Institut de Systématique Évolution Biodiversité, UMR7205 CNRS, EPHE, MNHN, UPMC, Université des Antilles, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France
| | - Leigh Winsor
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Delphine Gey
- Service de Systématique Moléculaire, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France
| | | | - Jessica Thévenot
- UMS Patrinat (CNRS-AFB-MNHN), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France
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10
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Boll PK, Marques D, Leal-Zanchet AM. Mind the food: Survival, growth and fecundity of a Neotropical land planarian (Platyhelminthes, Geoplanidae) under different diets. ZOOLOGY 2019; 138:125722. [PMID: 31783237 DOI: 10.1016/j.zool.2019.125722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Although most land planarians are sensitive to environmental changes, some species are well adapted to human-disturbed areas and are easily transported to new places, having the potential to threaten native ecosystems. We investigated growth and survival in a land planarian common in human-disturbed areas in southern Brazil. Specimens of Obama anthropophila were divided into three groups that received different diets: (1) only the land planarian Luteostriata abundans (N=13), (2) only the slug Deroceras leave (N=12), and (3) alternating both prey types (N=13). We monitored the weight of the specimens for a month and counted and weighed egg capsules. Planarians receiving a mixed diet tended to survive less than the groups receiving a single prey type; there were significant differences between those feeding on D. laeve and the other groups. Planarians with the mixed diet ate L. abundans more often than D. laeve, and those feeding only on L. abundans tended to eat more than the other groups. Most egg capsules were laid by specimens with a diet based on D. laeve but the mixed-diet group laid heavier capsules. Both prey species are suitable as food for O. anthropophila, although it prefers planarians when both food items are available. The constant alternation between food items seems to have adverse effects, perhaps related to physiological changes to digest different food items. The heavier egg capsules of the mixed-diet group, considering its lower survival, suggest terminal investment, i.e., an increased reproductive effort when approaching death. The ability to feed on both snails and planarians, combined with its proximity to humans, make O. anthropophila a potentially invasive species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piter Kehoma Boll
- Instituto de Pesquisas de Planárias and Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos - UNISINOS, Av. Unisinos, 950, Cristo Rei, São Leopoldo, RS, 93022-750, Brazil.
| | - Douglas Marques
- Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde and Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Rua Sarmento Leite, 500, Farroupilha, Porto Alegre, RS, 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Leal-Zanchet
- Instituto de Pesquisas de Planárias and Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos - UNISINOS, Av. Unisinos, 950, Cristo Rei, São Leopoldo, RS, 93022-750, Brazil
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11
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Negrete L, Do Amaral SV, Ribeiro GG, Wolmann Gonçalves J, Valiati VH, Damborenea C, Brusa F, Leal-Zanchet AM. Far away, so close! Integrative taxonomy reveals a new genus and species of land flatworm (Platyhelminthes: Geoplanidae) from southern South America. Zool J Linn Soc 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlz131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Land flatworms usually show low ability to disperse and high endemicity, displaying many singletons in studies on land planarian assemblages. Thus, many species have been described based on specimens sampled in a single locality and/or on a few specimens. Based on phylogenetic analyses of concatenated COI and 18S rRNA genes and morphological analyses, a new genus and species of geoplaninid land planarian is described from central–east Argentina and southern Brazil. Winsoria gen. nov. shows, among its most outstanding features, a ventral cephalic retractor muscle and a subneural muscle layer that extends throughout the anterior region of the body. In addition, characters of the reproductive system and the phylogenetic analyses support the erection of this new genus. According to molecular phylogenies,Winsoria bipatria sp. nov. is closely related to species of Luteostriata, Supramontana and Issoca, taxa that also possess a cephalic retractor muscle. Despite its disjunct distribution, phylogenetic analyses, genetic divergence and morphological features show that the allopatric populations studied herein belong to a single species. We argue that the occurrence of W. bipatria in localities separated by hundreds of kilometres and a geographical barrier should be explained by passive dispersal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisandro Negrete
- División Zoología Invertebrados, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo (UNLP), Boulevard 120 & 61, B1900CHX, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- CONICET – Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Silvana Vargas Do Amaral
- Instituto de Pesquisas de Planárias and Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos – UNISINOS, 93022-750, São Leopoldo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Giovana Gamino Ribeiro
- Laboratório de Genética e Biologia Molecular and Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos – UNISINOS, 93022-750, São Leopoldo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Juliana Wolmann Gonçalves
- Laboratório de Genética e Biologia Molecular and Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos – UNISINOS, 93022-750, São Leopoldo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Victor Hugo Valiati
- Laboratório de Genética e Biologia Molecular and Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos – UNISINOS, 93022-750, São Leopoldo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Cristina Damborenea
- División Zoología Invertebrados, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo (UNLP), Boulevard 120 & 61, B1900CHX, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- CONICET – Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Francisco Brusa
- División Zoología Invertebrados, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo (UNLP), Boulevard 120 & 61, B1900CHX, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- CONICET – Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ana Maria Leal-Zanchet
- Instituto de Pesquisas de Planárias and Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos – UNISINOS, 93022-750, São Leopoldo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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12
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Negrete L, Gira RD, Brusa F. Two new species of land planarians (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Geoplanidae) from protected areas in the southern extreme of the Paranaense Rainforest, Argentina. ZOOL ANZ 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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13
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Reconstructing routes of invasion of Obama nungara (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida) in the Iberian Peninsula. Biol Invasions 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-018-1834-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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14
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Abstract
Hundreds of planarian species exist worldwide, representing a rich phenotypic diversity. This chapter presents an overview of the morphology and anatomy of various taxonomic groups of planarian flatworms, focusing on features enabling recognition and identification of the animals. The most recent view on the phylogenetic relationships of the planarians is presented, together with geographic distribution patterns of major groups of triclads. The chapter concludes with a brief methodological section outlining species identification on basis of anatomical features. In conjunction with the established laboratory model species, the phenotypic diversity of planarians provides rich opportunities for comparative studies, which this chapter aims to inspire.
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15
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Boll PK, Leal-Zanchet AM. Preference for different prey allows the coexistence of several land planarians in areas of the Atlantic Forest. ZOOLOGY 2016; 119:162-168. [DOI: 10.1016/j.zool.2016.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Revised: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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16
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Carbayo F, Álvarez-Presas M, Jones HD, Riutort M. The true identity ofObama(Platyhelminthes: Geoplanidae) flatworm spreading across Europe. Zool J Linn Soc 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Carbayo
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Evolução; Escola de Artes; Ciências e Humanidades; Universidade de São Paulo; Av. Arlindo Bettio, 1000 São Paulo SP 03828-000 Brazil
- Departamento de Zoologia; Instituto de Biociências; Universidade de São Paulo; Rua do Matão, Travessa 14, Cidade Universitária São Paulo SP 05508-900 Brazil
| | - Marta Álvarez-Presas
- Departament de Genètica; Facultat de Biologia and Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio); Universitat de Barcelona; Avinguda Diagonal, 643 Barcelona E-08028 Spain
| | - Hugh D. Jones
- Life Sciences; Natural History Museum; Cromwell Road London SW7 5BD UK
| | - Marta Riutort
- Departament de Genètica; Facultat de Biologia and Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio); Universitat de Barcelona; Avinguda Diagonal, 643 Barcelona E-08028 Spain
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17
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Justine JL, Winsor L, Barrière P, Fanai C, Gey D, Han AWK, La Quay-Velázquez G, Lee BPYH, Lefevre JM, Meyer JY, Philippart D, Robinson DG, Thévenot J, Tsatsia F. The invasive land planarian Platydemus manokwari (Platyhelminthes, Geoplanidae): records from six new localities, including the first in the USA. PeerJ 2015; 3:e1037. [PMID: 26131377 PMCID: PMC4485254 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.1037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The land planarian Platydemus manokwari de Beauchamp, 1963 or “New Guinea flatworm” is a highly invasive species, mainly in the Pacific area, and recently in Europe (France). We report specimens from six additional countries and territories: New Caledonia (including mainland and two of the Loyalty Islands, Lifou and Maré), Wallis and Futuna Islands, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Puerto Rico, and Florida, USA. We analysed the COI gene (barcoding) in these specimens with two sets of primers and obtained 909 bp long sequences. In addition, specimens collected in Townsville (Australia) were also sequenced. Two haplotypes of the COI sequence, differing by 3.7%, were detected: the “World haplotype” found in France, New Caledonia, French Polynesia, Singapore, Florida and Puerto Rico; and the “Australian haplotype” found in Australia. The only locality with both haplotypes was in the Solomon Islands. The country of origin of Platydemus manokwari is New Guinea, and Australia and the Solomon Islands are the countries closest to New Guinea from which we had specimens. These results suggest that two haplotypes exist in the area of origin of the species, but that only one of the two haplotypes (the “World haplotype”) has, through human agency, been widely dispersed. However, since P. manokwari is now recorded from 22 countries in the world and we have genetic information from only 8 of these, with none from New Guinea, this analysis provides only partial knowledge of the genetic structure of the invasive species. Morphological analysis of specimens from both haplotypes has shown some differences in ratio of the genital structures but did not allow us to interpret the haplotypes as different species. The new reports from Florida and Puerto Rico are firsts for the USA, for the American continent, and the Caribbean. P. manokwari is a known threat for endemic terrestrial molluscs and its presence is a matter of concern. While most of the infected territories reported until now were islands, the newly reported presence of the species in mainland US in Florida should be considered a potential major threat to the whole US and even the Americas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Lou Justine
- Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité, ISYEB, UMR7205 CNRS, EPHE, MNHN, UPMC, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Sorbonne Universités , Paris , France
| | - Leigh Winsor
- College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, James Cook University , Townsville , Australia
| | - Patrick Barrière
- Conservatoire d'Espaces Naturels de Nouvelle-Calédonie (CEN NC), Pôle Espèces Envahissantes (PEE) , Koné , New Caledonia
| | - Crispus Fanai
- Biosecurity Solomon Islands, Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock , Honiara , Solomon Islands
| | - Delphine Gey
- Service de Systématique Moléculaire, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle , Paris , France
| | | | | | - Benjamin Paul Yi-Hann Lee
- Durrell Institute of Conservation & Ecology, University of Kent , United Kingdom ; National Parks Board , Singapore
| | | | - Jean-Yves Meyer
- Délégation à la Recherche, Gouvernement de la Polynésie française , Papeete, Tahiti , French Polynesia
| | | | - David G Robinson
- USDA APHIS National Malacology Laboratory, Academy of Natural Sciences , Philadelphia, PA , USA
| | - Jessica Thévenot
- Service du Patrimoine Naturel, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle , Paris , France
| | - Francis Tsatsia
- Biosecurity Solomon Islands, Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock , Honiara , Solomon Islands
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