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Liu Y, Liu X, Pan C. Advances in Factors Affecting ALDH2 Activity and its Mechanisms. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2024:10.1007/s12012-024-09923-9. [PMID: 39365551 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-024-09923-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2024] [Accepted: 09/15/2024] [Indexed: 10/05/2024]
Abstract
Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) is a mitochondrial enzyme primarily involved in the detoxification of alcohol-derived aldehyde and endogenous toxic aldehydes. It exhibits widespread expression across various organs and exerts a broad and significant impact on diverse acute cardiovascular diseases, including acute coronary syndrome, acute aortic dissection, hypoxic pulmonary hypertension, and heart failure. The ALDH2 rs671 variant represents the most prevalent genetic variant in East Asian populations, with carriage rates ranging from 30 to 50% among the Chinese population. Given its widespread presence in the body, the wide range of diseases it affects, and its high rate of variation, it can serve as a crucial tool for the precise prevention and treatment of acute cardiovascular diseases, while offering individualized medication guidance. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the latest advancements in factors affecting ALDH2 activity, encompassing post-transcriptional modifications, modulators of ALDH2, and relevant clinical drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
- Chest Pain Center, Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong University, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary-Cerebral Resuscitation Research of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Xuemei Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Chang Pan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.
- Chest Pain Center, Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong University, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary-Cerebral Resuscitation Research of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.
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Gurung S, Timmermand OV, Perocheau D, Gil-Martinez AL, Minnion M, Touramanidou L, Fang S, Messina M, Khalil Y, Spiewak J, Barber AR, Edwards RS, Pinto PL, Finn PF, Cavedon A, Siddiqui S, Rice L, Martini PGV, Ridout D, Heywood W, Hargreaves I, Heales S, Mills PB, Waddington SN, Gissen P, Eaton S, Ryten M, Feelisch M, Frassetto A, Witney TH, Baruteau J. mRNA therapy corrects defective glutathione metabolism and restores ureagenesis in preclinical argininosuccinic aciduria. Sci Transl Med 2024; 16:eadh1334. [PMID: 38198573 PMCID: PMC7615535 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adh1334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
The urea cycle enzyme argininosuccinate lyase (ASL) enables the clearance of neurotoxic ammonia and the biosynthesis of arginine. Patients with ASL deficiency present with argininosuccinic aciduria, an inherited metabolic disease with hyperammonemia and a systemic phenotype coinciding with neurocognitive impairment and chronic liver disease. Here, we describe the dysregulation of glutathione biosynthesis and upstream cysteine utilization in ASL-deficient patients and mice using targeted metabolomics and in vivo positron emission tomography (PET) imaging using (S)-4-(3-18F-fluoropropyl)-l-glutamate ([18F]FSPG). Up-regulation of cysteine metabolism contrasted with glutathione depletion and down-regulated antioxidant pathways. To assess hepatic glutathione dysregulation and liver disease, we present [18F]FSPG PET as a noninvasive diagnostic tool to monitor therapeutic response in argininosuccinic aciduria. Human hASL mRNA encapsulated in lipid nanoparticles improved glutathione metabolism and chronic liver disease. In addition, hASL mRNA therapy corrected and rescued the neonatal and adult Asl-deficient mouse phenotypes, respectively, enhancing ureagenesis. These findings provide mechanistic insights in liver glutathione metabolism and support clinical translation of mRNA therapy for argininosuccinic aciduria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonam Gurung
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | | | - Dany Perocheau
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Ana Luisa Gil-Martinez
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Magdalena Minnion
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
- Southampton NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Loukia Touramanidou
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Sherry Fang
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Martina Messina
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Youssef Khalil
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Justyna Spiewak
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Abigail R Barber
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Richard S Edwards
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Patricia Lipari Pinto
- Santa Maria's Hospital, Lisbon North University Hospital Center, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | | | | | - Lisa Rice
- Moderna Inc., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | | | - Deborah Ridout
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Wendy Heywood
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Ian Hargreaves
- Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moore University, Liverpool L3 5UG, UK
| | - Simon Heales
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Philippa B Mills
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Simon N Waddington
- EGA Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London WC1E 6HX, UK
- Wits/SAMRC Antiviral Gene Therapy Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witswatersrand, Braamfontein, 2000 Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Paul Gissen
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 3JH, UK
- National Institute of Health Research Great Ormond Street Biomedical Research Centre, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Simon Eaton
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Mina Ryten
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Martin Feelisch
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
- Southampton NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | | | - Timothy H Witney
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Julien Baruteau
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 3JH, UK
- National Institute of Health Research Great Ormond Street Biomedical Research Centre, London WC1N 1EH, UK
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3
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Wang A, Gu X, Wang C, Li Y, Deng F, Fang J, Chen N, Li Q, Tang L. TRAP-induced PAR1 expression with its mechanism during AMI in a rat model. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2023; 23:97. [PMID: 36809978 PMCID: PMC9942295 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-023-03118-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Protease-activated receptor 1 (PAR1) is crucial in individuals with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The continuous and prompt PAR1 activation mainly dependent on PAR1 trafficking is essential for the role of PAR1 during AMI in which cardiomyocytes are in hypoxia. However, the PAR1 trafficking in cardiomyocytes specially during the hypoxia is still unclear. METHODS AND RESULT A rat AMI model was created. PAR1 activation with thrombin-receptor activated peptide (TRAP) had a transient effect on cardiac function in normal rats but persistent improvement in rats with AMI. Cardiomyocytes from neonatal rats were cultured in a normal CO2 incubator and a hypoxic modular incubator chamber. The cells were then subjected to western blot for the total protein expression and staining with fluorescent reagent and antibody for PAR1 localization. No change in total PAR1 expression following TRAP stimulation was observed; however, it led to increased PAR1 expression in the early endosomes in normoxic cells and decreased expression in the early endosomes in hypoxic cells. Under hypoxic conditions, TRAP restored the PAR1 expression on both cell and endosomal surfaces within an hour by decreasing Rab11A (8.5-fold; 179.93 ± 9.82% of the normoxic control group, n = 5) and increasing Rab11B (15.5-fold) expression after 4 h of hypoxia. Similarly, Rab11A knockdown upregulated PAR1 expression under normoxia, and Rab11B knockdown downregulated PAR1 expression under both normoxic and hypoxic conditions. Cardiomyocytes knocked out of both Rab11A, and Rad11B lost the TRAP-induced PAR1 expression but still exhibited the early endosomal TRAP-induced PAR1 expression under hypoxia. CONCLUSIONS TRAP-mediated activation of PAR1 in cardiomyocytes did not alter the total PAR1 expression under normoxic conditions. Instead, it triggers a redistribution of PAR1 levels under normoxic and hypoxic conditions. TRAP reverses the hypoxia-inhibited PAR1 expression in cardiomyocytes by downregulating Rab11A expression and upregulating Rab11B expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ani Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, #52 Meihua East Road, Zhuhai, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Division of Geriatics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyuan Gu
- Yuebei Hospital, Shaoguan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, #52 Meihua East Road, Zhuhai, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanhui Li
- Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Huazhong Technology University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuhong Deng
- Department of Cardiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, #52 Meihua East Road, Zhuhai, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Fang
- Division of Cardiology, Xiangtan Central Hospital, Xiangtan, People's Republic of China
| | - Naxia Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, #52 Meihua East Road, Zhuhai, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qifu Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, #52 Meihua East Road, Zhuhai, Guangdong, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lilong Tang
- Department of Cardiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, #52 Meihua East Road, Zhuhai, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
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Maeda H, Ishima Y, Saruwatari J, Mizuta Y, Minayoshi Y, Ichimizu S, Yanagisawa H, Nagasaki T, Yasuda K, Oshiro S, Taura M, McConnell MJ, Oniki K, Sonoda K, Wakayama T, Kinoshita M, Shuto T, Kai H, Tanaka M, Sasaki Y, Iwakiri Y, Otagiri M, Watanabe H, Maruyama T. Nitric oxide facilitates the targeting Kupffer cells of a nano-antioxidant for the treatment of NASH. J Control Release 2021; 341:457-474. [PMID: 34856227 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.11.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Kupffer cells are a key source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and are implicated in the development of steatohepatitis and fibrosis in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). We recently developed a polythiolated and mannosylated human serum albumin (SH-Man-HSA), a nano-antioxidant that targets Kupffer cells, in which the mannosyl units on albumin allows their specific uptake by Kupffer cells via the mannose receptor C type 1 (MRC1), and in which the polythiolation confers antioxidant activity. The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic potential of SH-Man-HSA in NASH model mice. In livers from mice and/or patients with NASH, we observed a reduced blood flow in the liver lobes and the down-regulation in MRC1 expression in Kupffer cells, and SH-Man-HSA alone failed to improve the pathological phenotype in NASH. However, the administration of a nitric oxide (NO) donor restored hepatic blood flow and increased the expression of the mannose receptor C type 2 (MRC2) instead of MRC1. Consequently, treatment with a combination of SH-Man-HSA and an NO donor improved oxidative stress-associated pathology. Finally, we developed a hybrid type of nano-antioxidant (SNO-Man-HSA) via the S-nitrosation of SH-Man-HSA. This nanomedicine efficiently delivered both NO and thiol groups to the liver, with a hepatoprotective effect that was comparable to the combination therapy of SH-Man-HSA and an NO donor. These findings suggest that SNO-Man-HSA has the potential for functioning as a novel nano-therapy for the treatment of NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitoshi Maeda
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan; Department of Internal Medicine, Sections of Digestive Diseases, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yu Ishima
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Junji Saruwatari
- Division of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yuki Mizuta
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yuki Minayoshi
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Shota Ichimizu
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hiroki Yanagisawa
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Taisei Nagasaki
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kengo Yasuda
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Shun Oshiro
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Manabu Taura
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Laboratory of Bioresponse Regulation, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Matthew J McConnell
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sections of Digestive Diseases, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Kentaro Oniki
- Division of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kayoko Sonoda
- Department of Histology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Wakayama
- Department of Histology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Manabu Kinoshita
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Shuto
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Kai
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Motohiko Tanaka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yutaka Sasaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yasuko Iwakiri
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sections of Digestive Diseases, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Masaki Otagiri
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and DDS Research Institute, Sojo University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Watanabe
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
| | - Toru Maruyama
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
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da Silva GM, da Silva MC, Nascimento DVG, Lima Silva EM, Gouvêa FFF, de França Lopes LG, Araújo AV, Ferraz Pereira KN, de Queiroz TM. Nitric Oxide as a Central Molecule in Hypertension: Focus on the Vasorelaxant Activity of New Nitric Oxide Donors. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:1041. [PMID: 34681140 PMCID: PMC8533285 DOI: 10.3390/biology10101041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases include all types of disorders related to the heart or blood vessels. High blood pressure is an important risk factor for cardiac complications and pathological disorders. An increase in circulating angiotensin-II is a potent stimulus for the expression of reactive oxygen species and pro-inflammatory cytokines that activate oxidative stress, perpetuating a deleterious effect in hypertension. Studies demonstrate the capacity of NO to prevent platelet or leukocyte activation and adhesion and inhibition of proliferation, as well as to modulate inflammatory or anti-inflammatory reactions and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells. However, in conditions of low availability of NO, such as during hypertension, these processes are impaired. Currently, there is great interest in the development of compounds capable of releasing NO in a modulated and stable way. Accordingly, compounds containing metal ions coupled to NO are being investigated and are widely recognized as having great relevance in the treatment of different diseases. Therefore, the exogenous administration of NO is an attractive and pharmacological alternative in the study and treatment of hypertension. The present review summarizes the role of nitric oxide in hypertension, focusing on the role of new NO donors, particularly the metal-based drugs and their protagonist activity in vascular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Maria da Silva
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Physical Activity and Phenotypic Plasticity, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão 55.608-680, PE, Brazil; (G.M.d.S.); (M.C.d.S.); (D.V.G.N.); (E.M.L.S.); (A.V.A.); (K.N.F.P.)
| | - Mirelly Cunha da Silva
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Physical Activity and Phenotypic Plasticity, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão 55.608-680, PE, Brazil; (G.M.d.S.); (M.C.d.S.); (D.V.G.N.); (E.M.L.S.); (A.V.A.); (K.N.F.P.)
| | - Déborah Victória Gomes Nascimento
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Physical Activity and Phenotypic Plasticity, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão 55.608-680, PE, Brazil; (G.M.d.S.); (M.C.d.S.); (D.V.G.N.); (E.M.L.S.); (A.V.A.); (K.N.F.P.)
| | - Ellen Mayara Lima Silva
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Physical Activity and Phenotypic Plasticity, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão 55.608-680, PE, Brazil; (G.M.d.S.); (M.C.d.S.); (D.V.G.N.); (E.M.L.S.); (A.V.A.); (K.N.F.P.)
| | - Fabíola Furtado Fialho Gouvêa
- School of Technical Health, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58.051-900, PB, Brazil;
| | - Luiz Gonzaga de França Lopes
- Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry, Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60.020-181, CE, Brazil;
| | - Alice Valença Araújo
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Physical Activity and Phenotypic Plasticity, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão 55.608-680, PE, Brazil; (G.M.d.S.); (M.C.d.S.); (D.V.G.N.); (E.M.L.S.); (A.V.A.); (K.N.F.P.)
| | - Kelli Nogueira Ferraz Pereira
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Physical Activity and Phenotypic Plasticity, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão 55.608-680, PE, Brazil; (G.M.d.S.); (M.C.d.S.); (D.V.G.N.); (E.M.L.S.); (A.V.A.); (K.N.F.P.)
| | - Thyago Moreira de Queiroz
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Physical Activity and Phenotypic Plasticity, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão 55.608-680, PE, Brazil; (G.M.d.S.); (M.C.d.S.); (D.V.G.N.); (E.M.L.S.); (A.V.A.); (K.N.F.P.)
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Li H, Huang L, Jiang H, Fang J, Guo Z, Gao F, Chen M, Xu D, Li Z, Zhang X. Controllable stripping of radiolabeled group in vivo to optimize nuclear imaging via NO-responsive bioorthogonal cleavage reaction. RSC Adv 2020; 10:40030-40034. [PMID: 35520872 PMCID: PMC9057491 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra07186b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel "turn-off" strategy for controllable radionuclide clearance is established. 1,4-dihydropyridine (DHP) is used as a conditional linker to connect a radioisotope labeled moiety and nano-agent. A highly specific, sensitive and effective C-C bond cleavage of DHP happens in vivo when treated with nitric oxide which is provided by glyceryl trinitrate (GTN). The radioactive cut-off part from the nanoparticle is observed to be cleared quickly by microSPECT-CT. 3-5 times decreases of radioactivity in the blood, kidneys, intestine, heart and lungs are observed after GTN treatment in a biodistribution assay. The radioactivity redistribution indicates that the radioactive leaving part is indeed cut off and the radionuclide metabolism accelerated. Organ level internal dose assessment reveals the GTN treated groups carry only ½ the radiation dose of the control group. Collectively, a feasible pathway for controllable radionuclide clearance is for the first time provided for high contrast and low radiation nuclear imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Li
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University Xiamen Fujian 361102 China
| | - Lumei Huang
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University Xiamen Fujian 361102 China
| | - Hailong Jiang
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University Xiamen Fujian 361102 China
| | - Jianyang Fang
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University Xiamen Fujian 361102 China
| | - Zhide Guo
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University Xiamen Fujian 361102 China
| | - Fei Gao
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University Xiamen Fujian 361102 China
| | - Mei Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University Changsha Hunan 410082 China
| | - Duo Xu
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University Xiamen Fujian 361102 China
| | - Zijing Li
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University Xiamen Fujian 361102 China
| | - Xianzhong Zhang
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University Xiamen Fujian 361102 China
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7
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Lambden S. Bench to bedside review: therapeutic modulation of nitric oxide in sepsis-an update. Intensive Care Med Exp 2019; 7:64. [PMID: 31792745 PMCID: PMC6888802 DOI: 10.1186/s40635-019-0274-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide is a signalling molecule with an extensive range of functions in both health and disease. Discovered in the 1980s through work that earned the Nobel prize, nitric oxide is an essential factor in regulating cardiovascular, immune, neurological and haematological function in normal homeostasis and in response to infection. Early work implicated exaggerated nitric oxide synthesis as a potentially important driver of septic shock; however, attempts to modulate production through global inhibition of nitric oxide synthase were associated with increased mortality. Subsequent work has shown that regulation of nitric oxide production is determined by numerous factors including substrate and co-factor availability and expression of endogenous regulators. In sepsis, nitric oxide synthesis is dysregulated with exaggerated production leading to cardiovascular dysfunction, bioenergetic failure and cellular toxicity whilst at the same time impaired microvascular function may be driven in part by reduced nitric oxide synthesis by the endothelium. This bench to bedside review summarises our current understanding of the ways in which nitric oxide production is regulated on a tissue and cellular level before discussing progress in translating these observations into novel therapeutic strategies for patients with sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Lambden
- Department of Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University, 5th Floor, Cambridge, CB20QQ, UK.
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8
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The Endothelin Receptor Antagonist Macitentan Improves Isosorbide-5-Mononitrate (ISMN) and Isosorbide Dinitrate (ISDN) Induced Endothelial Dysfunction, Oxidative Stress, and Vascular Inflammation. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2018:7845629. [PMID: 30687454 PMCID: PMC6327264 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7845629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Objective Organic nitrates such as isosorbide-5-mononitrate (ISMN) and isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN) are used for the treatment of patients with chronic symptomatic stable coronary artery disease and chronic congestive heart failure. Limiting side effects of these nitrovasodilators include nitrate tolerance and/or endothelial dysfunction mediated by oxidative stress. Here, we tested the therapeutic effects of the dual endothelin (ET) receptor antagonist macitentan in ISMN- and ISDN-treated animals. Methods and Results Organic nitrates (ISMN, ISDN, and nitroglycerin (GTN)) augmented the oxidative burst and interleukin-6 release in cultured macrophages, whereas macitentan decreased the oxidative burst in isolated human leukocytes. Male C57BL/6j mice were treated with ISMN (75 mg/kg/d) or ISDN (25 mg/kg/d) via s.c. infusion for 7 days and some mice in addition with 30 mg/kg/d of macitentan (gavage, once daily). ISMN and ISDN in vivo therapy caused endothelial dysfunction but no nitrate (or cross-)tolerance to the organic nitrates, respectively. ISMN/ISDN increased blood nitrosative stress, vascular/cardiac oxidative stress via NOX-2 (fluorescence and chemiluminescence methods), ET1 expression, ET receptor signaling, and markers of inflammation (protein and mRNA level). ET receptor signaling blockade by macitentan normalized endothelial function, vascular/cardiac oxidative stress, and inflammatory phenotype in both nitrate therapy groups. Conclusion ISMN/ISDN treatment caused activation of the NOX-2/ET receptor signaling axis leading to increased vascular oxidative stress and inflammation as well as endothelial dysfunction. Our study demonstrates for the first time that blockade of ET receptor signaling by the dual endothelin receptor blocker macitentan improves adverse side effects of the organic nitrates ISMN and ISDN.
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Gerić M, Gajski G, Domijan AM, Garaj-Vrhovac V, Filipič M, Žegura B. Genotoxic effects of neurotoxin ß-N-methylamino-l-alanine in human peripheral blood cells. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 214:623-632. [PMID: 30290362 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.09.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The non-proteinogenic amino acid ß-N-methylamino-l-alanine (BMAA) is associated with the development of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/parkinsonism-dementia complex (ALS-PDC) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. BMAA is known to induce neurotoxic effects leading to neurodegeneration via multiple mechanisms including misfolded protein accumulation, glutamate induced excitotoxicity, calcium dyshomeostasis, endoplasmic reticulum stress and oxidative stress. In the present study, for the first time, genotoxic activity of BMAA (2.5, 5, 10 and 20 μg/mL) was studied in human peripheral blood cells (HPBCs) using the comet and cytokinesis-block micronucleus cytome assays. In addition, the influence of BMAA on the oxidative stress was assessed. At non-cytotoxic concentrations BMAA did not induce formation of DNA strand breaks in HPBCs after 4 and 24 h exposure; however, it significantly increased the number of micronuclei after 24 and 48 h at 20 μg/mL and nucleoplasmic bridges after 48 h at 20 μg/mL. The frequency of nuclear buds was slightly though non-significantly increased after 48 h. Altogether, this indicates that in HPBCs BMAA is clastogenic and induces complex genomic alterations including structural chromosomal rearrangements and gene amplification. No influence on oxidative stress markers was noticed. These findings provide new evidence that environmental neurotoxin BMAA, in addition to targeting common pathways involved in neurodegeneration, can also induce genomic instability in non-target HPBCs suggesting that it might be involved in cancer development. Therefore, these data are important in advancing our current knowledge and opening new questions in the understanding of the mechanisms of BMAA toxicity, particularly in the context of genotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko Gerić
- Mutagenesis Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Goran Gajski
- Mutagenesis Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Ana-Marija Domijan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Vera Garaj-Vrhovac
- Mutagenesis Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Metka Filipič
- Department for Genetic Toxicology and Cancer Biology, National Institute of Biology, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Bojana Žegura
- Department for Genetic Toxicology and Cancer Biology, National Institute of Biology, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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10
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Nrf2 Deficiency Unmasks the Significance of Nitric Oxide Synthase Activity for Cardioprotection. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:8309698. [PMID: 29854098 PMCID: PMC5952436 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8309698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The transcription factor nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) is a key master switch that controls the expression of antioxidant and cytoprotective enzymes, including enzymes catalyzing glutathione de novo synthesis. In this study, we aimed to analyze whether Nrf2 deficiency influences antioxidative capacity, redox state, NO metabolites, and outcome of myocardial ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury. In Nrf2 knockout (Nrf2 KO) mice, we found elevated eNOS expression and preserved NO metabolite concentrations in the aorta and heart as compared to wild types (WT). Unexpectedly, Nrf2 KO mice have a smaller infarct size following myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury than WT mice and show fully preserved left ventricular systolic function. Inhibition of NO synthesis at onset of ischemia and during early reperfusion increased myocardial damage and systolic dysfunction in Nrf2 KO mice, but not in WT mice. Consistent with this, infarct size and diastolic function were unaffected in eNOS knockout (eNOS KO) mice after ischemia/reperfusion. Taken together, these data suggest that eNOS upregulation under conditions of decreased antioxidant capacity might play an important role in cardioprotection against I/R. Due to the redundancy in cytoprotective mechanisms, this fundamental antioxidant property of eNOS is not evident upon acute NOS inhibition in WT mice or in eNOS KO mice until Nrf2-related signaling is abrogated.
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11
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Eglin CM, Costello JT, Bailey SJ, Gilchrist M, Massey H, Shepherd AI. Effects of dietary nitrate supplementation on the response to extremity cooling and endothelial function in individuals with cold sensitivity. A double blind, placebo controlled, crossover, randomised control trial. Nitric Oxide 2017; 70:76-85. [PMID: 28941934 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2017.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Individuals with cold sensitivity have low peripheral skin blood flow and skin temperature possibly due to reduced nitric oxide (NO•) bioavailability. Beetroot has a high concentration of inorganic nitrate and may increase NO-mediated vasodilation. Using a placebo-controlled, double blind, randomised, crossover design, this study tested the hypotheses that acute beetroot supplementation would increase the rate of cutaneous rewarming following a local cold challenge and augment endothelium-dependent vasodilation in cold sensitive individuals. Thirteen cold sensitive participants completed foot and hand cooling (separately, in 15 °C water for 2 min) with spontaneous rewarming in 30 °C air whilst skin temperature and cutaneous vascular conductance (CVC) were measured (Baseline). On two further separate visits, participants consumed 140 ml of either concentrated beetroot juice (nitrate supplementation) or nitrate-depleted beetroot juice (Placebo) 90 min before resting seated blood pressure was measured. Endothelial function was assessed by measuring CVC at the forearm, finger and foot during iontophoresis of 1% w/v acetylcholine followed by foot and hand cooling as for Baseline. Plasma nitrite concentrations significantly increased in nitrate supplementation compared to Placebo and Baseline (502 ± 246 nmol L-1; 73 ± 45 nmol L-1; 74 ± 49 nmol L-1 respectively; n = 11; P < 0.001). Resting blood pressure and the response to foot and hand cooling did not differ between conditions (all P > 0.05). Nitrate supplementation did not alter endothelial function in the forearm, finger or foot (all P > 0.05) compared to Placebo. Despite a physiologically meaningful rise in plasma nitrite concentrations, acute nitrate supplementation does not alter extremity rewarming, endothelial function or blood pressure in individuals with cold sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare M Eglin
- Department of Sport and Exercise Science, University of Portsmouth, UK
| | - Joseph T Costello
- Department of Sport and Exercise Science, University of Portsmouth, UK
| | - Stephen J Bailey
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Mark Gilchrist
- University of Exeter Medical School, NIHR Exeter Clinical Research Facility, Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital, Exeter, Devon, UK
| | - Heather Massey
- Department of Sport and Exercise Science, University of Portsmouth, UK
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Abstract
While the biological role of nitric oxide (NO) synthase (NOS) is appreciated, several fundamental aspects of the NOS/NO-related signaling pathway(s) remain incompletely understood. Canonically, the NOS-derived NO diffuses through the (inter)cellular milieu to bind the prosthetic ferro(Fe2+)-heme group of the soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC). The formation of ternary NO-ferroheme-sGC complex results in the enzyme activation and accelerated production of the second messenger, cyclic GMP. This paper argues that cells dynamically generate mobile/exchangeable NO-ferroheme species, which activate sGC and regulate the function of some other biomolecules. In contrast to free NO, the mobile NO-ferroheme may ensure safe, efficient and coordinated delivery of the signal within and between cells. The NO-heme signaling may contribute to a number of NOS/NO-related phenomena (e.g. nitrite bioactivity, selective protein S-(N-)nitrosation, endothelium and erythrocyte-dependent vasodilation, some neural and immune NOS functions) and predicts new NO-related discoveries, diagnostics and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei L Kleschyov
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Freiberg Instruments GmbH, 09599 Freiberg, Germany.
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13
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Beuve A. Thiol-Based Redox Modulation of Soluble Guanylyl Cyclase, the Nitric Oxide Receptor. Antioxid Redox Signal 2017; 26:137-149. [PMID: 26906466 PMCID: PMC5240013 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2015.6591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Revised: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC), which produces the second messenger cyclic guanosine 3', 5'-monophosphate (cGMP), is at the crossroads of nitric oxide (NO) signaling: sGC catalytic activity is both stimulated by NO binding to the heme and inhibited by NO modification of its cysteine (Cys) thiols (S-nitrosation). Modulation of sGC activity by thiol oxidation makes sGC a therapeutic target for pathologies originating from oxidative or nitrosative stress. sGC has an unusually high percentage of Cys for a cytosolic protein, the majority solvent exposed and therefore accessible modulatory targets for biological and pathophysiological signaling. Recent Advances: Thiol oxidation of sGC contributes to the development of cardiovascular diseases by decreasing NO-dependent cGMP production and thereby vascular reactivity. This thiol-based resistance to NO (e.g., increase in peripheral resistance) is observed in hypertension and hyperaldosteronism. CRITICAL ISSUES Some roles of specific Cys thiols have been identified in vitro. So far, it has not been possible to pinpoint the roles of specific Cys of sGC in vivo and to investigate the molecular mechanisms in an animal model. FUTURE DIRECTIONS The role of Cys as redox sensors, intermediates of activation, and mediators of change in sGC conformation, activity, and dimerization remains largely unexplored. To understand modulation of sGC activity, it is critical to investigate the roles of specific oxidative thiol modifications that are formed during these processes. Where the redox state of sGC thiols contribute to pathologies (vascular resistance and sGC desensitization by NO donors), it becomes crucial to design therapeutic strategies to restore sGC to its normal, physiological thiol redox state. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 26, 137-149.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie Beuve
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience, New Jersey Medical School-Rutgers , Newark, New Jersey
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14
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Opelt M, Eroglu E, Waldeck-Weiermair M, Russwurm M, Koesling D, Malli R, Graier WF, Fassett JT, Schrammel A, Mayer B. Formation of Nitric Oxide by Aldehyde Dehydrogenase-2 Is Necessary and Sufficient for Vascular Bioactivation of Nitroglycerin. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:24076-24084. [PMID: 27679490 PMCID: PMC5104933 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.752071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 (ALDH2) catalyzes vascular bioactivation of the antianginal drug nitroglycerin (GTN), resulting in activation of soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) and cGMP-mediated vasodilation. We have previously shown that a minor reaction of ALDH2-catalyzed GTN bioconversion, accounting for about 5% of the main clearance-based turnover yielding inorganic nitrite, results in direct NO formation and concluded that this minor pathway could provide the link between vascular GTN metabolism and activation of sGC. However, lack of detectable NO at therapeutically relevant GTN concentrations (≤1 μm) in vascular tissue called into question the biological significance of NO formation by purified ALDH2. We addressed this issue and used a novel, highly sensitive genetically encoded fluorescent NO probe (geNOp) to visualize intracellular NO formation at low GTN concentrations (≤1 μm) in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) expressing an ALDH2 mutant that reduces GTN to NO but lacks clearance-based GTN denitration activity. NO formation was compared with GTN-induced activation of sGC. The addition of 1 μm GTN to VSMC expressing either wild-type or C301S/C303S ALDH2 resulted in pronounced intracellular NO elevation, with maximal concentrations of 7 and 17 nm, respectively. Formation of GTN-derived NO correlated well with activation of purified sGC in VSMC lysates and cGMP accumulation in intact porcine aortic endothelial cells infected with wild-type or mutant ALDH2. Formation of NO and cGMP accumulation were inhibited by ALDH inhibitors chloral hydrate and daidzin. The present study demonstrates that ALDH2-catalyzed NO formation is necessary and sufficient for GTN bioactivation in VSMC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marissa Opelt
- From the Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Graz, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Emrah Eroglu
- the Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Center of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria, and
| | - Markus Waldeck-Weiermair
- the Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Center of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria, and
| | - Michael Russwurm
- the Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Doris Koesling
- the Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Roland Malli
- the Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Center of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria, and
| | - Wolfgang F Graier
- the Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Center of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria, and
| | - John T Fassett
- From the Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Graz, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Astrid Schrammel
- From the Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Graz, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Bernd Mayer
- From the Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Graz, A-8010 Graz, Austria,
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15
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Mikhed Y, Fahrer J, Oelze M, Kröller-Schön S, Steven S, Welschof P, Zinßius E, Stamm P, Kashani F, Roohani S, Kress JM, Ullmann E, Tran LP, Schulz E, Epe B, Kaina B, Münzel T, Daiber A. Nitroglycerin induces DNA damage and vascular cell death in the setting of nitrate tolerance. Basic Res Cardiol 2016; 111:52. [DOI: 10.1007/s00395-016-0571-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2015] [Revised: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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16
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Daiber A, Münzel T. Organic Nitrate Therapy, Nitrate Tolerance, and Nitrate-Induced Endothelial Dysfunction: Emphasis on Redox Biology and Oxidative Stress. Antioxid Redox Signal 2015; 23:899-942. [PMID: 26261901 PMCID: PMC4752190 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2015.6376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Organic nitrates, such as nitroglycerin (GTN), isosorbide-5-mononitrate and isosorbide dinitrate, and pentaerithrityl tetranitrate (PETN), when given acutely, have potent vasodilator effects improving symptoms in patients with acute and chronic congestive heart failure, stable coronary artery disease, acute coronary syndromes, or arterial hypertension. The mechanisms underlying vasodilation include the release of •NO or a related compound in response to intracellular bioactivation (for GTN, the mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase [ALDH-2]) and activation of the enzyme, soluble guanylyl cyclase. Increasing cyclic guanosine-3',-5'-monophosphate (cGMP) levels lead to an activation of the cGMP-dependent kinase I, thereby causing the relaxation of the vascular smooth muscle by decreasing intracellular calcium concentrations. The hemodynamic and anti-ischemic effects of organic nitrates are rapidly lost upon long-term (low-dose) administration due to the rapid development of tolerance and endothelial dysfunction, which is in most cases linked to increased intracellular oxidative stress. Enzymatic sources of reactive oxygen species under nitrate therapy include mitochondria, NADPH oxidases, and an uncoupled •NO synthase. Acute high-dose challenges with organic nitrates cause a similar loss of potency (tachyphylaxis), but with distinct pathomechanism. The differences among organic nitrates are highlighted regarding their potency to induce oxidative stress and subsequent tolerance and endothelial dysfunction. We also address pleiotropic effects of organic nitrates, for example, their capacity to stimulate antioxidant pathways like those demonstrated for PETN, all of which may prevent adverse effects in response to long-term therapy. Based on these considerations, we will discuss and present some preclinical data on how the nitrate of the future should be designed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Daiber
- The 2nd Medical Clinic, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University , Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Münzel
- The 2nd Medical Clinic, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University , Mainz, Germany
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17
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Involvement of Anandamide Transporter in Calcitonin Gene-related Peptide Expression Stimulated by Nitroglycerin and Influence of ALDH2 Glu504Lys Polymorphism. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2014; 64:460-4. [DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000000138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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18
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Siddiqi N, Neil C, Bruce M, MacLennan G, Cotton S, Papadopoulou S, Feelisch M, Bunce N, Lim PO, Hildick-Smith D, Horowitz J, Madhani M, Boon N, Dawson D, Kaski JC, Frenneaux M. Intravenous sodium nitrite in acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction: a randomized controlled trial (NIAMI). Eur Heart J 2014; 35:1255-62. [PMID: 24639423 PMCID: PMC4019912 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehu096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2014] [Revised: 01/29/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Despite prompt revascularization of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), substantial myocardial injury may occur, in part a consequence of ischaemia reperfusion injury (IRI). There has been considerable interest in therapies that may reduce IRI. In experimental models of AMI, sodium nitrite substantially reduces IRI. In this double-blind randomized placebo controlled parallel-group trial, we investigated the effects of sodium nitrite administered immediately prior to reperfusion in patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 229 patients presenting with acute STEMI were randomized to receive either an i.v. infusion of 70 μmol sodium nitrite (n = 118) or matching placebo (n = 111) over 5 min immediately before primary percutaneous intervention (PPCI). Patients underwent cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) at 6-8 days and at 6 months and serial blood sampling was performed over 72 h for the measurement of plasma creatine kinase (CK) and Troponin I. Myocardial infarct size (extent of late gadolinium enhancement at 6-8 days by CMR-the primary endpoint) did not differ between nitrite and placebo groups after adjustment for area at risk, diabetes status, and centre (effect size -0.7% 95% CI: -2.2%, +0.7%; P = 0.34). There were no significant differences in any of the secondary endpoints, including plasma troponin I and CK area under the curve, left ventricular volumes (LV), and ejection fraction (EF) measured at 6-8 days and at 6 months and final infarct size (FIS) measured at 6 months. CONCLUSIONS Sodium nitrite administered intravenously immediately prior to reperfusion in patients with acute STEMI does not reduce infarct size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishat Siddiqi
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Christopher Neil
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Margaret Bruce
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Graeme MacLennan
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Seonaidh Cotton
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
| | | | | | | | - Pitt O Lim
- St George's Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | | | - John Horowitz
- The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia
| | | | | | - Dana Dawson
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
| | | | - Michael Frenneaux
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
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Stoyanovsky DA, Scott MJ, Billiar TR. Glutathione and thioredoxin type 1 cooperatively denitrosate HepG2 cells-derived cytosolic S-nitrosoproteins. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 11:4433-7. [PMID: 23743503 DOI: 10.1039/c3ob40809d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we present experimental evidence that glutathione acts in concert with human thioredoxin type 1 in the denitrosation of cytosolic S-nitrosoproteins (PSNOs) from HepG2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Detcho A Stoyanovsky
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA.
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Sonoda K, Ohtake K, Kubo Y, Uchida H, Uchida M, Natsume H, Kobayashi M, Kobayashi J. Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 partly mediates hypotensive effect of nitrite onl-NAME-induced hypertension in normoxic rat. Clin Exp Hypertens 2013; 36:410-8. [DOI: 10.3109/10641963.2013.846355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Ghasemi A, Mehrazin F, Zahediasl S. Effect of nitrate and l-arginine therapy on nitric oxide levels in serum, heart, and aorta of fetal hypothyroid rats. J Physiol Biochem 2013; 69:751-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s13105-013-0251-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2012] [Accepted: 03/19/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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22
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Dulce RA, Yiginer O, Gonzalez DR, Goss G, Feng N, Zheng M, Hare JM. Hydralazine and organic nitrates restore impaired excitation-contraction coupling by reducing calcium leak associated with nitroso-redox imbalance. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:6522-33. [PMID: 23319593 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.412130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the combined use of hydralazine and isosorbide dinitrate confers important clinical benefits in patients with heart failure, the underlying mechanism of action is still controversial. We used two models of nitroso-redox imbalance, neuronal NO synthase-deficient (NOS1(-/-)) mice and spontaneously hypertensive heart failure rats, to test the hypothesis that hydralazine (HYD) alone or in combination with nitroglycerin (NTG) or isosorbide dinitrate restores Ca(2+) cycling and contractile performance and controls superoxide production in isolated cardiomyocytes. The response to increased pacing frequency was depressed in NOS1(-/-) compared with wild type myocytes. Both sarcomere length shortening and intracellular Ca(2+) transient (Δ[Ca(2+)]i) responses in NOS1(-/-) cardiomyocytes were augmented by HYD in a dose-dependent manner. NTG alone did not affect myocyte shortening but reduced Δ[Ca(2+)]i across the range of pacing frequencies and increased myofilament Ca(2+) sensitivity thereby enhancing contractile efficiency. Similar results were seen in failing myocytes from the heart failure rat model. HYD alone or in combination with NTG reduced sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) leak, improved SR Ca(2+) reuptake, and restored SR Ca(2+) content. HYD and NTG at low concentrations (1 μm), scavenged superoxide in isolated cardiomyocytes, whereas in cardiac homogenates, NTG inhibited xanthine oxidoreductase activity and scavenged NADPH oxidase-dependent superoxide more efficiently than HYD. Together, these results revealed that by reducing SR Ca(2+) leak, HYD improves Ca(2+) cycling and contractility impaired by nitroso-redox imbalance, and NTG enhanced contractile efficiency, restoring cardiac excitation-contraction coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raul A Dulce
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136, USA
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23
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Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE S-nitrosothiol formation and protein S-nitrosation is an important nitric oxide (NO)-dependent signaling paradigm that is relevant to almost all aspects of cell biology, from proliferation, to homeostasis, to programmed cell death. However, the mechanisms by which S-nitrosothiols are formed are still largely unknown, and there are gaps of understanding between the known chemical biology of S-nitrosothiols and their reported functions. RECENT ADVANCES This review attempts to describe the biological chemistry of S-nitrosation and to point out where the challenges lie in matching the known chemical biology of these compounds with their reported functions. The review will detail new discoveries concerning the mechanisms of the formation of S-nitrosothiols in biological systems. CRITICAL ISSUES Although S-nitrosothiols may be formed with some degree of specificity on particular protein thiols, through un-catalyzed chemistry, and mechanisms for their degradation and redistribution are present, these processes are not sufficient to explain the vast array of specific and targeted responses of NO that have been attributed to S-nitrosation. Elements of catalysis have been discovered in the formation, distribution, and metabolism of S-nitrosothiols, but it is less clear whether these represent a specific network for targeted NO-dependent signaling. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Much recent work has uncovered new targets for S-nitrosation through either targeted or proteome-wide approaches There is a need to understand which of these modifications represent concerted and targeted signaling processes and which is an inevitable consequence of living with NO. There is still much to be learned about how NO transduces signals in cells and the role played by protein S-nitrosation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna A Broniowska
- Department of Biophysics and Redox Biology Program, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, 53226, USA
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24
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Raffay TM, Martin RJ, Reynolds JD. Can nitric oxide-based therapy prevent bronchopulmonary dysplasia? Clin Perinatol 2012; 39:613-38. [PMID: 22954273 PMCID: PMC3437658 DOI: 10.1016/j.clp.2012.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A growing understanding of endogenous nitric oxide (NO) biology is helping to explain how and when exogenous NO may confer benefit or harm; this knowledge is also helping to identify new better-targeted NO-based therapies. In this review, results of the bronchopulmonary dysplasia clinical trials that used inhaled NO in the preterm population are placed in context, the biologic basis for novel NO therapeutics is considered, and possible future directions for NO-focused clinical and basic research in developmental lung disease are identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M. Raffay
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics Rainbow Babies & Children’s Hospital, Case Medical Center/University Hospitals, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Richard J. Martin
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics Rainbow Babies & Children’s Hospital, Case Medical Center/University Hospitals, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - James D. Reynolds
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Case Medical Center/University Hospitals, Cleveland, Ohio
,Institute for Transformative Molecular Medicine, Case Medical Center/University Hospitals, Cleveland, Ohio
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25
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Omar SA, Artime E, Webb AJ. A comparison of organic and inorganic nitrates/nitrites. Nitric Oxide 2012; 26:229-40. [PMID: 22491087 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2012.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2011] [Revised: 02/15/2012] [Accepted: 03/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Although both organic and inorganic nitrates/nitrites mediate their principal effects via nitric oxide, there are many important differences. Inorganic nitrate and nitrite have simple ionic structures and are produced endogenously and are present in the diet, whereas their organic counterparts are far more complex, and, with the exception of ethyl nitrite, are all medicinally synthesised products. These chemical differences underlie the differences in pharmacokinetic properties allowing for different modalities of administration, particularly of organic nitrates, due to the differences in their bioavailability and metabolic profiles. Whilst the enterosalivary circulation is a key pathway for orally ingested inorganic nitrate, preventing an abrupt effect or toxic levels of nitrite and prolonging the effects, this is not used by organic nitrates. The pharmacodynamic differences are even greater; while organic nitrates have potent acute effects causing vasodilation, inorganic nitrite's effects are more subtle and dependent on certain conditions. However, in chronic use, organic nitrates are considerably limited by the development of tolerance and endothelial dysfunction, whereas inorganic nitrate/nitrite may compensate for diminished endothelial function, and tolerance has not been reported. Also, while inorganic nitrate/nitrite has important cytoprotective effects against ischaemia-reperfusion injury, continuous use of organic nitrates may increase injury. While there are concerns that inorganic nitrate/nitrite may induce carcinogenesis, direct evidence of this in humans is lacking. While organic nitrates may continue to dominate the therapeutic arena, this may well change with the increasing recognition of their limitations, and ongoing discovery of beneficial effects and specific advantages of inorganic nitrate/nitrite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sami A Omar
- King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, London, UK
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26
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Samuels TL, Willers JW, Uncles DR, Monteiro R, Halloran C, Dai H. In vitro suppression of drug-induced methaemoglobin formation by Intralipid(®) in whole human blood: observations relevant to the 'lipid sink theory'. Anaesthesia 2011; 67:23-32. [PMID: 21999405 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2044.2011.06914.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
To provide further evidence for the lipid sink theory, we have developed an in vitro model to assess the effect of Intralipid® 20% on methaemoglobin formation by drugs of varying lipid solubility. Progressively increasing Intralipid concentrations from 4 to 24 mg.ml⁻¹ suppressed methaemoglobin formation by the lipid soluble drug glyceryl trinitrate in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.001). Both dose and timing of administration of Intralipid to blood previously incubated with glyceryl trinitrate for 10 and 40 min resulted in significant suppression of methaemoglobin formation (p < 0.0001 and p < 0.05, respectively). Mathematical modelling demonstrated that the entire process of methaemoglobin formation by glyceryl trinitrate was slowed down in the presence of Intralipid. Intralipid did not significantly suppress methaemoglobin formation induced by 2-amino-5-hydroxytoluene (partially lipid soluble) or sodium nitrite (lipid insoluble; both p > 0.5). This work may assist determination of the suitability of drugs taken in overdose for which Intralipid might be deployed.
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Affiliation(s)
- T L Samuels
- Department of Anaesthesia, Worthing Hospital, Worthing, UK.
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27
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Kevil CG, Kolluru GK, Pattillo CB, Giordano T. Inorganic nitrite therapy: historical perspective and future directions. Free Radic Biol Med 2011; 51:576-93. [PMID: 21619929 PMCID: PMC4414241 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2011.04.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2011] [Revised: 04/26/2011] [Accepted: 04/27/2011] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Over the past several years, investigators studying nitric oxide (NO) biology and metabolism have come to learn that the one-electron oxidation product of NO, nitrite anion, serves as a unique player in modulating tissue NO bioavailability. Numerous studies have examined how this oxidized metabolite of NO can act as a salvage pathway for maintaining NO equivalents through multiple reduction mechanisms in permissive tissue environments. Moreover, it is now clear that nitrite anion production and distribution throughout the body can act in an endocrine manner to augment NO bioavailability, which is important for physiological and pathological processes. These discoveries have led to renewed hope and efforts for an effective NO-based therapeutic agent through the unique action of sodium nitrite as an NO prodrug. More recent studies also indicate that sodium nitrate may also increase plasma nitrite levels via the enterosalivary circulatory system resulting in nitrate reduction to nitrite by microorganisms found within the oral cavity. In this review, we discuss the importance of nitrite anion in several disease models along with an appraisal of sodium nitrite therapy in the clinic, potential caveats of such clinical uses, and future possibilities for nitrite-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher G Kevil
- Department of Pathology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71130, USA.
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28
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Stoyanovsky DA, Maeda A, Atkins JL, Kagan VE. Assessments of Thiyl Radicals in Biosystems: Difficulties and New Applications. Anal Chem 2011; 83:6432-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ac200418s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - James L. Atkins
- Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910, United States
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29
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Ishibashi T, Nishizawa N, Nakamoto-Nomura M, Abe F, Liu H, Yoshida J, Kawada T, Nishio M. Different Disappearance Rates of Plasma Nitrite (NO2-) Contribute to Apparent Steady-State Arterio-Venous Differences in Anesthetized Animals. Biol Pharm Bull 2011; 34:528-37. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.34.528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takaharu Ishibashi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Nursing, Kanazawa Medical University
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University
| | - Naoki Nishizawa
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University
| | | | - Fusae Abe
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University
| | - He Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University
| | - Junko Yoshida
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University
| | - Tomie Kawada
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Musashino University
| | - Matomo Nishio
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University
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30
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Ishibashi T, Miwa T, Nishizawa N, Shinkawa I, Yoshida J, Kawada T, Nishio M. Role of Plasma S-Nitrosothiols in Regulation of Blood Pressure in Anesthetized Rabbits with Special References to Hypotensive Effects of Acetylcholine and Nitrovasodilators. Biol Pharm Bull 2011; 34:1307-13. [PMID: 21804223 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.34.1307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takaharu Ishibashi
- Pharmacology, School of Nursing, Kanazawa Medical University
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University
| | - Tomoko Miwa
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University
| | - Naoki Nishizawa
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University
| | - Ikumi Shinkawa
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University
| | - Junko Yoshida
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University
| | - Tomie Kawada
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Musashino University
| | - Matomo Nishio
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University
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Brito LA, Chandrasekhar S, Little SR, Amiji MM. Non-viral eNOS gene delivery and transfection with stents for the treatment of restenosis. Biomed Eng Online 2010; 9:56. [PMID: 20875110 PMCID: PMC2955648 DOI: 10.1186/1475-925x-9-56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2010] [Accepted: 09/27/2010] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this study, we have examined local non-viral gene delivery, transfection, and therapeutic efficacy of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) encoding plasmid DNA administered using coated stents in a rabbit iliac artery restenosis model. METHODS Lipopolyplexes (LPPs) with eNOS expressing plasmid DNA were immobilized on stainless steel stents using poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) and type B gelatin coatings. The gene-eluting stents were implanted bilaterally in the denuded iliac arteries and eNOS transfection and therapeutic efficacy were examined 14 days after implantation. RESULTS The results show that non-viral lipopolyplex-coated stents can efficiently tranfect eNOS locally in the arterial lumen assessed by PCR and ELISA. Human eNOS ELISA levels were significantly raised 24 hours after transfection compared to controls (125 pg eNOS compared to <50 pg for all controls including naked DNA). Local eNOS production suppressed smooth muscle cell proliferation and promoted re-endothelialization of the artery showing a significant reduction in restenosis of 1.75 neointima/media ratio for stents with lipoplexes encoding eNOS compared with 2.3 neointima/media ratio for stents with lipoplexes encosing an empty vector. CONCLUSIONS These results support the hypothesis that a potent non-viral gene vector encoding for eNOS coated onto a stent can inhibit restenosis through inhibition of smooth muscle cell growth and promotion of a healthy endothelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis A Brito
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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32
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Ito J, Uchida H, Yokote T, Ohtake K, Kobayashi J. Fasting-induced intestinal apoptosis is mediated by inducible nitric oxide synthase and interferon-{gamma} in rat. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2010; 298:G916-26. [PMID: 20378828 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00429.2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is associated with intestinal apoptosis in health and disease. This study aimed to investigate the role of intestinal NO in the regulation of apoptosis during fasting in rats. Male Wistar rats were divided into two groups and subcutaneously injected with saline (SA) or aminoguanidine (AG), followed by fasting for 24, 48, 60, and 72 h. At each time point, the jejunum was subjected to histological evaluation for enterocyte apoptosis by histomorphometric assessment and TUNEL analysis. We performed immunohistochemistry for inducible NO synthase (iNOS) expression in the jejunum and measured tissue nitrite levels using HPLC and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine adduct using ELISA, indicative of endogenous NO production and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, respectively. Jejunal transcriptional levels of iNOS, neuronal NO synthase (nNOS), and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) were also determined by RT-PCR. Fasting caused significant jejunal mucosal atrophy due to attenuated cell proliferation and enhanced apoptosis with increase in iNOS transcription, its protein expression in intestinal epithelial cells (IEC), and jejunal nitrite levels. However, AG treatment histologically reduced apoptosis with inhibition of fasting-induced iNOS transcription, protein expression, and nitrite production. We also observed fasting-induced ROS production and subsequent IFN-gamma transcription, which were all inhibited by AG treatment. Furthermore, we observed reduced transcriptional levels of nNOS, known to suppress iNOS activation physiologically. These results suggest that fasting-induced iNOS activation in IEC may induce apoptosis mediators such as IFN-gamma via a ROS-mediated mechanism and also a possible role of nNOS in the regulation of iNOS activity in fasting-induced apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junta Ito
- Josai Univ., 1-1 Keyaki-Dai, Sakado, Saitama, Japan 350-0295.
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33
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Sengupta R, Billiar TR, Atkins JL, Kagan VE, Stoyanovsky DA. Nitric oxide and dihydrolipoic acid modulate the activity of caspase 3 in HepG2 cells. FEBS Lett 2009; 583:3525-30. [PMID: 19822150 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2009.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2009] [Revised: 08/25/2009] [Accepted: 10/05/2009] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report that dihydrolipoic acid and lipoic acid (LA) plus lipoamide dehydrogenase and NADH denitrosate S-nitrosocaspase 3 (CASP-SNO). In HepG2 cells, S-nitroso-L-cysteine ethyl ester (SNCEE) impeded the activity of caspase 3 (CASP-SH), while a subsequent incubation of the cells in SNCEE-free medium resulted in endogenous denitrosation and reactivation of CASP-SH. The latter process was inhibited in thioredoxin reductase-deficient HepG2 cells, in which, however, LA markedly reactivated CASP-SH. The data obtained are discussed with focus on low molecular mass dithiols that mimic the activity of thioredoxin in reactions of protein S-denitrosation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajib Sengupta
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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Daiber A, Schildknecht S, Müller J, Kamuf J, Bachschmid MM, Ullrich V. Chemical model systems for cellular nitros(yl)ation reactions. Free Radic Biol Med 2009; 47:458-67. [PMID: 19477267 PMCID: PMC4006669 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2009.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2008] [Revised: 04/21/2009] [Accepted: 05/18/2009] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
S-nitros(yl)ation belongs to the redox-based posttranslational modifications of proteins but the underlying chemistry is controversial. In contrast to current concepts involving the autoxidation of nitric oxide ((.)NO, nitrogen monoxide), we and others have proposed the formation of peroxynitrite (oxoperoxonitrate (1(-))as an essential intermediate. This requires low cellular fluxes of (.)NO and superoxide (UO2(-)), for which model systems have been introduced. We here propose two new systems for nitros(yl)ation that avoid the shortcomings of previous models. Based on the thermal decomposition of 3-morpholinosydnonimine,equal fluxes of (.)NO and UO2(-) were generated and modulated by the addition of (.)NO donors or Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase. As reactants for S-nitros(yl)ation, NADP+-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase and glutathione were employed, for which optimal S-nitros(yl)ation was observed at nanomolar fluxes of (.)NO and UO2(-) at a ratio of about 3:1. The previously used reactants phenol and diaminonaphthalene (C- and Nnitrosation)demonstrated potential participation of multiple pathways for nitros(yl)ation. According to our data, neither peroxynitrite nor autoxidation of UNO was as efficient as the 3 (.)NO/1 UO2(-) system in mediating S-nitros(yl)ation. In theory this could lead to an elusive nitrosonium (nitrosyl cation)-like species in the first step and to N2O3 in the subsequent reaction. Which of these two species or whether both together will participate in biological S-nitros(yl)ation remains to be elucidated. Finally, we developed several hypothetical scenarios to which the described (.)NO/UO2-flux model could apply, providing conditions that allow either direct electrophilic substitution at a thiolate or S-nitros(yl)ation via transnitrosation from S-nitrosoglutathione.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Daiber
- Second Medical Clinic, Department of Cardiology, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55101 Mainz, Germany.
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Zhang XJ, Chang L, Zhang YM, Deng S, Li YJ, Peng J. Comparing the role of glutathione-S-transferase and mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase in nitroglycerin biotransformation and the correlation with calcitonin gene-related peptide. Eur J Pharmacol 2009; 617:97-101. [PMID: 19576883 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2009.06.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2009] [Revised: 06/06/2009] [Accepted: 06/17/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Both glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH-2) have been reported to participate in the biotransformation of nitroglycerin. In this study, we explored which is the major player in nitroglycerin biotransformation. In vivo, rats were treated with nitroglycerin, the blood pressure and plasma calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) were measured. The inhibitor of GST (ethacrynic acid) or ALDH-2 (cyanamide) was given before nitroglycerin treatment; In vitro, the isolated aorta rings were incubated with nitroglycerin to obtain the concentration-response curve. Ethacrynic acid or cyanamide was pre-incubated with the rings before nitroglycerin treatment. The release of CGRP from the aorta rings was determined. Both ethacrynic acid and cyanamide were able to reverse the depressant action of nitroglycerin while the inhibitory effect of cyanamide was more profound. However, combined administration of both inhibitors did not produce an additive effect. The change of plasma CGRP level positively correlated with the change of nitroglycerin-induced hypotensive effects. In the isolated aorta rings, vasodilator responses to nitroglycerin were reduced in the presence of ethacrynic acid or cyanamide while the inhibitory effect of cyanamide was more profound. However, combined administration of both inhibitors did not produce an additive effect. The change of CGRP release from the rings positively correlated with the nitroglycerin-induced vasodilator responses. The present results suggest that both GST and ALDH-2 are involved in nitroglycerin action while ALDH-2 plays a major role, and the change of CGRP contents closely correlates with the biotransformation of nitroglycerin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Jing Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
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36
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Pautz A, Rauschkolb P, Schmidt N, Art J, Oelze M, Wenzel P, Förstermann U, Daiber A, Kleinert H. Effects of nitroglycerin or pentaerithrityl tetranitrate treatment on the gene expression in rat hearts: evidence for cardiotoxic and cardioprotective effects. Physiol Genomics 2009; 38:176-85. [PMID: 19417013 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00035.2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitroglycerin (NTG) and pentaerithrityl tetranitrate (PETN) are organic nitrates used in the treatment of angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, and congestive heart failure. Recent data show marked differences in the effects of NTG and PETN on the generation of reactive oxygen species. These differences are attributed to different effects of NTG and PETN on the expression of antioxidative proteins like the heme oxygenase-I. To analyze the expressional effects of NTG and PETN in a more comprehensive manner we performed whole genome expression profiling experiments using cardiac total RNA from NTG- or PETN-treated rats and DNA microarrays containing oligonucleotides representing 27,044 rat gene transcripts. The data obtained show that NTG and PETN together significantly modify the expression of >1,600 genes (NTG 532, PETN 1212). However, the expression of only a small group of these genes (68) was modified by both treatments, indicating marked differences in the expressional effects of NTG and PETN. NTG treatment resulted in the enhanced expression of genes that are believed to be markers for cardiotoxic processes. In addition, NTG treatment reduced the expression of genes described to code for cardioprotective proteins. In sharp contrast, PETN treatment enhanced the expression of cardioprotective genes and reduced the expression of genes believed to perform cardiotoxic effects. In conclusion, our data suggest that NTG treatment results in the induction of cardiotoxic gene expression networks leading to an activation of mechanisms that result in pathological changes in cardiomyocytes. In contrast, PETN treatment seems to activate gene expression networks that result in cardioprotective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Pautz
- Department of Pharmacology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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37
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Limón-Pacheco J, Gonsebatt ME. The role of antioxidants and antioxidant-related enzymes in protective responses to environmentally induced oxidative stress. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2009; 674:137-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2008.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 438] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2008] [Accepted: 09/18/2008] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Perkins WJ, Kost S, Danielson M. Prolonged NO treatment decreases alpha-adrenoreceptor agonist responsiveness in porcine pulmonary artery due to persistent soluble guanylyl cyclase activation. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2009; 296:L666-73. [PMID: 19181745 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.90322.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A cultured porcine pulmonary artery (PA) model was used to examine the effects of prolonged nitric oxide (NO) treatment on the response of this vessel to acutely applied NO and to the alpha-adrenoreceptor agonist phenylephrine. Two-hour treatment with the NO donor (Z)-1-[N-(2-aminoethyl)-N-(2-ammonioethyl)amino]diazen-1-ium-1,2-diolate (DETA-NO) decreased both NO and phenylephrine responsiveness. Twenty-four-hour treatment with DETA-NO resulted in a further reduction in NO responsiveness but no further reduction in phenylephrine responsiveness. Acute addition of soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) inhibitor 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ) had no effect on phenylephrine responsiveness in PA not treated with DETA-NO. ODQ treatment fully restored phenylephrine responsiveness in PA treated with DETA-NO. sGCbeta(1) subunit protein levels in PA tissue homogenate were 48.6 +/- 6.9, 51.6 +/- 3.5, and 41.3 +/- 2.8 ng/mg total protein for freshly prepared and 2-h and 24-h NO-treated PA, respectively. Steady-state tissue cGMP was not significantly different in control versus NO-treated PA. sGC specific activity in the absence of added NO was measured in PA homogenate and was 0.29 +/- 0.02, 1.38 +/- 0.12, and 0.53 +/- 0.08 micromol cGMP.min(-1).mg sGC(-1), in freshly prepared and 2-h and 24-h NO treated PA, respectively. Ten-minute Hb treatment completely normalized sGC basal activity in homogenates prepared from DETA-NO-treated PA, which was 0.23 +/- 0.02, 0.18 +/- 0.03, and 0.25 +/- 0.04 micromol cGMP.min(-1).mg sGC(-1), in freshly prepared and 2-h and 24-h NO-treated PA, respectively. The kinetics of the Hb reversal of NO-mediated sGC persistent activation do not support sGC covalent modification as the activation mechanism. We conclude that prolonged NO exposure results in a persistently increased sGC specific activity, which accounts for the observed alpha-adrenoreceptor agonist hyporesponsiveness.
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Ckless K, Lampert A, Reiss J, Kasahara D, Poynter ME, Irvin CG, Lundblad LKA, Norton R, van der Vliet A, Janssen-Heininger YMW. Inhibition of arginase activity enhances inflammation in mice with allergic airway disease, in association with increases in protein S-nitrosylation and tyrosine nitration. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2008; 181:4255-64. [PMID: 18768883 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.181.6.4255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary inflammation in asthma is orchestrated by the activity of NF-kappaB. NO and NO synthase (NOS) activity are important modulators of inflammation. The availability of the NOS substrate, l-arginine, is one of the mechanisms that controls the activity of NOS. Arginase also uses l-arginine as its substrate, and arginase-1 expression is highly induced in a murine model of asthma. Because we have previously described that arginase affects NOx content and interferes with the activation of NF-kappaB in lung epithelial cells, the goal of this study was to investigate the impact of arginase inhibition on the bioavailability of NO and the implications for NF-kappaB activation and inflammation in a mouse model of allergic airway disease. Administration of the arginase inhibitor BEC (S-(2-boronoethyl)-l-cysteine) decreased arginase activity and caused alterations in NO homeostasis, which were reflected by increases in S-nitrosylated and nitrated proteins in the lungs from inflamed mice. In contrast to our expectations, BEC enhanced perivascular and peribronchiolar lung inflammation, mucus metaplasia, NF-kappaB DNA binding, and mRNA expression of the NF-kappaB-driven chemokine genes CCL20 and KC, and lead to further increases in airways hyperresponsiveness. These results suggest that inhibition of arginase activity enhanced a variety of parameters relevant to allergic airways disease, possibly by altering NO homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Ckless
- Department of Pathology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
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40
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Giustarini D, Dalle-Donne I, Colombo R, Milzani A, Rossi R. Is ascorbate able to reduce disulfide bridges? A cautionary note. Nitric Oxide 2008; 19:252-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2008.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2008] [Revised: 06/19/2008] [Accepted: 07/09/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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41
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Sayed N, Kim DD, Fioramonti X, Iwahashi T, Durán WN, Beuve A. Nitroglycerin-induced S-nitrosylation and desensitization of soluble guanylyl cyclase contribute to nitrate tolerance. Circ Res 2008; 103:606-14. [PMID: 18669924 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.108.175133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Nitrates such as nitroglycerin (GTN) and nitric oxide donors such as S-nitrosothiols are clinically vasoactive through stimulation of soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC), which produces the second messenger cGMP. Development of nitrate tolerance, after exposure to GTN for several hours, is a major drawback to a widely used cardiovascular therapy. We recently showed that exposure to nitric oxide and to S-nitrosothiols causes S-nitrosylation of sGC, which directly desensitizes sGC to stimulation by nitric oxide. We tested the hypothesis that desensitization of sGC by S-nitrosylation is a mechanism of nitrate tolerance. Our results established that vascular tolerance to nitrates can be recapitulated in vivo by S-nitrosylation through exposure to cell membrane-permeable S-nitrosothiols and that sGC is S-nitrosylated and desensitized in the tolerant, treated tissues. We next determined that (1) GTN treatment of primary aortic smooth muscle cells induces S-nitrosylation of sGC and its desensitization as a function of GTN concentration; (2) S-nitrosylation and desensitization are prevented by treatment with N-acetyl-cysteine, a precursor of glutathione, used clinically to prevent development of nitrate tolerance; and (3) S-nitrosylation and desensitization are reversed by cessation of GTN treatment. Finally, we demonstrated that in vivo development of nitrate tolerance and crosstolerance by 3-day chronic GTN treatment correlates with S-nitrosylation and desensitization of sGC in tolerant tissues. These results suggest that in vivo nitrate tolerance is mediated, in part, by desensitization of sGC through GTN-dependent S-nitrosylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazish Sayed
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, New Jersey Medical School, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark, NJ 07101, USA
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Abstract
Potential carcinogenic effects, blue baby syndrome, and occasional intoxications caused by nitrite, as well as the suspected health risks related to fertilizer overuse, contributed to the negative image that inorganic nitrite and nitrate have had for decades. Recent experimental studies related to the molecular interaction between nitrite and heme proteins in blood and tissues, the potential role of nitrite in hypoxic vasodilatation, and an unexpected protective action of nitrite against ischemia/reperfusion injury, however, paint a different picture and have led to a renewed interest in the physiological and pharmacological properties of nitrite and nitrate. The range of effects reported suggests that these simple oxyanions of nitrogen have a much richer profile of biological actions than hitherto assumed, and several efforts are currently underway to investigate possible beneficial effects in the clinical arena. We provide here a brief historical account of the medical uses of nitrite and nitrate over the centuries that may serve as a basis for a careful reassessment of the health implications of their exposure and intake and may inform investigations into their therapeutic potential in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony R Butler
- Bute Medical School, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, Scotland.
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Basu S, Wang X, Gladwin MT, Kim‐Shapiro DB. Chemiluminescent Detection of S‐Nitrosated Proteins: Comparison of Tri‐iodide, Copper/CO/Cysteine, and Modified Copper/Cysteine Methods. Methods Enzymol 2008; 440:137-56. [DOI: 10.1016/s0076-6879(07)00808-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Ohtake K, Ishiyama Y, Uchida H, Muraki E, Kobayashi J. Dietary nitrite inhibits early glomerular injury in streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy in rats. Nitric Oxide 2007; 17:75-81. [PMID: 17681477 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2007.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2007] [Revised: 06/21/2007] [Accepted: 06/22/2007] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a key event leading to microvascular complications, including nephropathy, in diabetes mellitus (DM). Excessive ROS and oxidative stress in DM have been reported to be associated with subsequent impaired nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability. The aim of this study is to examine the beneficial function of dietary nitrite supplementation as an interventional NO donor to attenuate early progression of diabetic nephropathy. To test this hypothesis, male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: non-diabetic rats given water with or without nitrite (nitrite-treated or untreated, respectively), and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats given water with or without nitrite (nitrite-treated or untreated, respectively). After a 4 week experimental period, untreated diabetic rats exhibited significantly higher malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in the kidney compared with untreated non-diabetic rats, accompanied by a reduction in levels of endogenous NO synthase-derived nitrite. However, dietary nitrite supplementation to diabetic rats not only decreased MDA levels but also increased nitrite levels in the kidney to the same levels as in the non-diabetic kidney. These improvements accompanied an improvement in the parameters of glomerular injury, including urinary protein and albumin excretion, histopathological glomerular hypertrophy, and mesangial matrix accumulation. These results indicate that dietary nitrite is effective in the prevention of early diabetic glomerular injury in which NO bioavailability is impaired.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuo Ohtake
- Division of Pathophysiology, Department of Clinical Dietetics and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Josai University, Saitama, Japan
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Dezfulian C, Raat NJH, Shiva S, Gladwin MT. Role of the anion nitrite in ischemia-reperfusion cytoprotection and therapeutics. Cardiovasc Res 2007; 75:327-38. [PMID: 17568573 PMCID: PMC2002522 DOI: 10.1016/j.cardiores.2007.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2007] [Revised: 04/30/2007] [Accepted: 05/03/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The anion nitrite (NO(2)(-)) constitutes a biochemical reservoir for nitric oxide (NO). Nitrite reduction to NO may be catalyzed by hemoglobin, myoglobin or other metal-containing enzymes and occurs at increasing rates under conditions of physiologic hypoxia or ischemia. A number of laboratories have now demonstrated in animal models the ability of nitrite to provide potent cytoprotection following focal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury of the heart, liver, brain, and kidney. While the mechanism of nitrite-mediated cytoprotection remains to be fully characterized, the release of nitrite-derived NO following IR appears to be central to this mechanism. The evidence of nitrite-mediated cytoprotection against IR injury in multiple animal models opens the door to potential therapeutic opportunities in human disease. Here we review the mechanisms for nitrite formation in blood and tissue, its metabolic equilibrium with NO, nitrate, and NO-modified proteins, the evidence supporting nitrite-mediated cytoprotection, and the potential mechanisms driving cytoprotection, and we explore the opportunities for the therapeutic application of nitrite for human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron Dezfulian
- Vascular Medicine Branch, National Heart Lung Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
- Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
- Division of Pediatric Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD 21287
| | - Nicolaas JH Raat
- Vascular Medicine Branch, National Heart Lung Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Sruti Shiva
- Vascular Medicine Branch, National Heart Lung Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Mark T. Gladwin
- Vascular Medicine Branch, National Heart Lung Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
- Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
- Corresponding author: Dr. Mark T. Gladwin, National Institutes of Health, Building 10-CRC, Room 5-5140, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-1662, Phone: 301-435-2310, Fax: 301-402-1213, e-mail:
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Rose MJ, Patra AK, Alcid EA, Olmstead MM, Mascharak PK. Ruthenium Nitrosyls Derived from Polypyridine Ligands with Carboxamide or Imine Nitrogen Donor(s): Isoelectronic Complexes with Different NO Photolability. Inorg Chem 2007; 46:2328-38. [PMID: 17315866 DOI: 10.1021/ic0620945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
As part of our search for photoactive ruthenium nitrosyls, a set of {RuNO}6 nitrosyls has been synthesized and structurally characterized. In this set, the first nitrosyl [(SBPy3)Ru(NO)](BF4)3 (1) is derived from a polypyridine Schiff base ligand SBPy3, while the remaining three nitrosyls are derived from analogous polypyridine ligands containing either one ([(PaPy3)Ru(NO)](BF4)2 (2)) or two ([(Py3P)Ru(NO)]BF4 (3) and [(Py3P)Ru(NO)(Cl)] (4)) carboxamide group(s). The coordination structures of 1 and 2 are very similar except that in 2, a carboxamido nitrogen is coordinated to the ruthenium center in place of an imine nitrogen in case of 1. In 3 and 4, the ruthenium center is coordinated to two carboxamido nitrogens in the equatorial plane and the bound NO is trans to a pyridine nitrogen (in 3) and chloride (in 4), respectively. Complexes 1-3 contain N6 donor set, and the NO stretching frequencies (nuNO) correlate well with the N-O bond distances. All four diamagnetic {RuNO}(6) nitrosyls are photoactive and release NO rapidly upon illumination with low-intensity (5-10 mW) UV light. Interestingly, photolysis of 1 generates the diamagnetic Ru(II) photoproduct [(SBPy3)Ru(MeCN)](2+) while 2-4 afford paramagnetic Ru(III) species in MeCN solution. The quantum yield values of NO release under UV illumination (lambda(max) = 302 nm) lie in the range 0.06-0.17. Complexes 3 and 4 also exhibit considerable photoactivity under visible light. The efficiency of NO release increases in the order 2 < 3 < 4, indicating that photorelease of NO is facilitated by (a) the increase in the number of coordinated carboxamido nitrogen(s) and (b) the presence of negatively charged ligands (like chloride) trans to the bound NO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Rose
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
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Ckless K, van der Vliet A, Janssen-Heininger Y. Oxidative-nitrosative stress and post-translational protein modifications: implications to lung structure-function relations. Arginase modulates NF-kappaB activity via a nitric oxide-dependent mechanism. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2007; 36:645-53. [PMID: 17218616 PMCID: PMC1899343 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2006-0329sm] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
NF-kappaB is a versatile transcription factor that regulates a wide array of processes, including inflammation and survival, and plays a critical role in the etiology of inflammatory lung diseases. Nitric oxide (NO) has been suggested to play an antiinflammatory role through S-nitrosation of components of NF-kappaB pathway. NO production can be modulated by changing the availability of its substrate, L-arginine. Arginases compete with NO synthases (NOSs) for their common substrate, L-arginine, and thereby have the potential to alter the signaling function of NO. The goal of the present study was to determine the impact of arginase manipulation on NO, and subsequent effects on NF-kappaB activation, in lung epithelial cells. Our results demonstrate that reduction of arginase activity enhanced cellular content of NO and S-nitrosated proteins, and resulted in decreases in TNF-alpha- or LPS-stimulated NF-kappaB DNA binding and transcriptional activity, in association with enhanced S-nitrosation of p50. The effects of arginase inhibition on NF-kappaB were reversed by the generic NOS inhibitor, N-omega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), suggesting a causal role for NO in the attenuation of NF-kappaB induced by arginase suppression. Conversely, overexpression of arginase I decreased cellular S-nitrosothiol content and enhanced IkappaB kinase activity and NF-kappaB DNA binding, and decreased S-nitrosation of p50. Collectively, our data point to a regulatory mechanism wherein NF-kappaB is controlled through arginase-dependent regulation of NO levels, which may impact on chronic inflammatory diseases that are accompanied by NF-kappaB activation and upregulation of arginases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Ckless
- Department of Pathology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
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48
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Dhawan V, Janero D, Ellis J. Detection of nitros(yl)ated metabolites of nitric oxide (NO) in vivo by gas-phase chemiluminescence assay. CURRENT PROTOCOLS IN PHARMACOLOGY 2006; Chapter 12:Unit12.10. [PMID: 22294171 DOI: 10.1002/0471141755.ph1210s35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
There are several methods utilized for detection of nitric oxide (NO) and its various metabolites in biological systems. These include spectrophotometric analysis, high performance liquid chromatography, mass spectrophotometry, electro-paramagnetic resonance (EPR), and gas-phase chemiluminscence. Of these, the gas-phase chemiluminescence technique is perhaps the most sensitive, with a limit of detection in the femtomole range. Furthermore, as there are a number of commercially available NO analyzers, it is possible to directly compare results from different laboratories using this technique. Described in this unit is a group-specific derivatization approach with gas-phase chemiluminscence detection to profile NO metabolites in vivo.
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49
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Lundberg JO, Feelisch M, Björne H, Jansson EA, Weitzberg E. Cardioprotective effects of vegetables: Is nitrate the answer? Nitric Oxide 2006; 15:359-62. [PMID: 16563818 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2006.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2005] [Revised: 01/20/2006] [Accepted: 01/26/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A diet rich in fruits and vegetables is associated with a lower risk of certain forms of cancer and cardiovascular disease, but the mechanisms behind this protection are not completely understood. Recent epidemiological studies suggest a cardioprotective action afforded specifically by green leafy vegetables. We here propose that these beneficial effects are related to the high content of inorganic nitrate, which in concert with symbiotic bacteria in the oral cavity is converted into nitrite, nitric oxide, and secondary reaction products with vasodilating and tissue-protective properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon O Lundberg
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.
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50
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Zuckerbraun BS, Stoyanovsky DA, Sengupta R, Shapiro RA, Ozanich BA, Rao J, Barbato JE, Tzeng E. Nitric oxide-induced inhibition of smooth muscle cell proliferation involves S-nitrosation and inactivation of RhoA. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2006; 292:C824-31. [PMID: 16914531 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00592.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) acts as a vasoregulatory molecule that inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation. Studies have illustrated that NO inhibits SMC proliferation via the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway, leading to increased protein levels of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21(Waf1/Cip1). The ERK pathway can be pro- or antiproliferative, and it has been demonstrated that the activation status of the small GTPase RhoA determines the proliferative fate of ERK signaling, whereby inactivation of RhoA influences ERK signaling to increase p21(Waf1/Cip1) and inhibit proliferation. The purpose of these investigations was to examine the effect of NO on RhoA activation/S-nitrosation and to test the hypothesis that inhibition of SMC proliferation by NO is dependent on inactivation of RhoA. NO decreases activation of RhoA, as demonstrated by RhoA GTP-binding assays, affinity precipitation, and phalloidin staining of the actin cytoskeleton. Additionally, these effects are independent of cGMP. NO decreases SMC proliferation, and gene transfer of constitutively active RhoA (RhoA(63L)) diminished the antiproliferative effects of NO, as determined by thymidine incorporation. Western blots of p21(Waf1/Cip1) correlated with changes in proliferation. S-nitrosation of recombinant RhoA protein and immunoprecipitated RhoA was demonstrated by Western blotting for nitrosocysteine and by measurement of NO release. Furthermore, NO decreases GTP loading of recombinant RhoA protein. These findings indicate that inactivation of RhoA plays a role in NO-mediated SMC antiproliferation and that S-nitrosation is associated with decreased GTP binding of RhoA. Nitrosation of RhoA and other proteins likely contributes to cGMP-independent effects of NO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian S Zuckerbraun
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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