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Mohamed AH, Ahmed AT, Al Abdulmonem W, Bokov DO, Shafie A, Al-Hetty HRAK, Hsu CY, Alissa M, Nazir S, Jamali MC, Mudhafar M. Interleukin-6 serves as a critical factor in various cancer progression and therapy. Med Oncol 2024; 41:182. [PMID: 38900329 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-024-02422-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Interleukin-6 (IL-6), a pro-inflammatory cytokine, plays a crucial role in host immune defense and acute stress responses. Moreover, it modulates various cellular processes, including proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and differentiation. These effects are facilitated by various signaling pathways, particularly the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and Janus kinase 2 (JAK2). However, excessive IL-6 production and dysregulated signaling are associated with various cancers, promoting tumorigenesis by influencing all cancer hallmarks, such as apoptosis, survival, proliferation, angiogenesis, invasiveness, metastasis, and notably, metabolism. Emerging evidence indicates that selective inhibition of the IL-6 signaling pathway yields therapeutic benefits across diverse malignancies, such as multiple myeloma, prostate, colorectal, renal, ovarian, and lung cancers. Targeting key components of IL-6 signaling, such as IL-6Rs, gp130, STAT3, and JAK via monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) or small molecules, is a heavily researched approach in preclinical cancer studies. The purpose of this study is to offer an overview of the role of IL-6 and its signaling pathway in various cancer types. Furthermore, we discussed current preclinical and clinical studies focusing on targeting IL-6 signaling as a therapeutic strategy for various types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma'a H Mohamed
- Biomedical Engineering Department, College of Engineering and Technologies, Al-Mustaqbal University, Babil, Hilla, 51001, Iraq
| | - Abdulrahman T Ahmed
- Department of Nursing, Al-Maarif University College, Ramadi, AL-Anbar Governorate, Iraq.
| | - Waleed Al Abdulmonem
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Dmitry Olegovich Bokov
- Institute of Pharmacy named after A.P. Nelyubin, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 8 Trubetskaya St., bldg. 2, Moscow, Russian Federation, 119991
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Federal Research Center of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, 2/14 Ustyinsky pr., Moscow, Russian Federation, 109240
| | - Alaa Shafie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, 21944, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Chou-Yi Hsu
- Thunderbird School of Global Management, Arizona State University Tempe Campus, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA
| | - Mohammed Alissa
- Department of Medical Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahid Nazir
- School of Science and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia
| | - Mohammad Chand Jamali
- Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Liwa College, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mustafa Mudhafar
- Department of Medical Physics, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Kerbala, Karbala, 56001, Iraq
- Department of Anesthesia Techniques and Intensive Care, Al-Taff University College, Kerbala, 56001, Iraq
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2
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Zhang L, Liu P, Jiang Y, Fan D, He X, Zhang J, Luo B, Sui J, Luo Y, Fu X, Yang T. Exploration of novel isoxazole-fused quinone derivatives as anti-colorectal cancer agents through inhibiting STAT3 and elevating ROS level. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 272:116448. [PMID: 38704936 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is trending to be a major health problem throughout the world. Therapeutics with dual modes of action have shown latent capacity to create ideal anti-tumor activity. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) has been proved to be a potential target for the development of anti-colon cancer drug. In addition, modulation of tumor redox homeostasis through deploying exogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS)-enhancing agents has been widely applied as anti-tumor strategy. Thus, simultaneously targeting STAT3 and modulation ROS balance would offer a fresh avenue to combat CRC. In this work, we designed and synthesized a novel series of isoxazole-fused quinones, which were evaluated for their preliminary anti-proliferative activity against HCT116 cells. Among these quinones, compound 41 exerted excellent in vitro anti-tumor effect against HCT116 cell line with an IC50 value of 10.18 ± 0.4 nM. Compound 41 was proved to bind to STAT3 by using Bio-Layer Interferometry (BLI) assay, and can significantly inhibit phosphorylation of STAT3. It also elevated ROS of HCT116 cells by acting as a substrate of NQO1. Mitochondrial dysfunction, apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest, which was caused by compound 41, might be partially due to the inhibition of STAT3 phosphorylation and ROS production induced by 41. Moreover, it exhibited ideal anti-tumor activity in human colorectal cancer xenograft model and good safety profiles in vivo. Overall, this study provided a novel quinone derivative 41 with excellent anti-tumor activity by inhibiting STAT3 and elevating ROS level, and gave insights into designing novel anti-tumor therapeutics by simultaneously modulation of STAT3 and ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidan Zhang
- Laboratory of Human Diseases and Immunotherapies, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Pingxian Liu
- Laboratory of Human Diseases and Immunotherapies, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yunhan Jiang
- Laboratory of Human Diseases and Immunotherapies, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Dongmei Fan
- Laboratory of Human Diseases and Immunotherapies, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xinlian He
- Laboratory of Human Diseases and Immunotherapies, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jiangnan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Baozhu Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jing Sui
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Youfu Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Xinyuan Fu
- Laboratory of Human Diseases and Immunotherapies, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Tao Yang
- Laboratory of Human Diseases and Immunotherapies, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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3
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Long L, Fei X, Chen L, Yao L, Lei X. Potential therapeutic targets of the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway in triple-negative breast cancer. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1381251. [PMID: 38699644 PMCID: PMC11063389 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1381251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) poses a significant clinical challenge due to its propensity for metastasis and poor prognosis. TNBC evades the body's immune system recognition and attack through various mechanisms, including the Janus Kinase 2 (JAK2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway. This pathway, characterized by heightened activity in numerous solid tumors, exhibits pronounced activation in specific TNBC subtypes. Consequently, targeting the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway emerges as a promising and precise therapeutic strategy for TNBC. The signal transduction cascade of the JAK2/STAT3 pathway predominantly involves receptor tyrosine kinases, the tyrosine kinase JAK2, and the transcription factor STAT3. Ongoing preclinical studies and clinical research are actively investigating this pathway as a potential therapeutic target for TNBC treatment. This article comprehensively reviews preclinical and clinical investigations into TNBC treatment by targeting the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway using small molecule compounds. The review explores the role of the JAK2/STAT3 pathway in TNBC therapeutics, evaluating the benefits and limitations of active inhibitors and proteolysis-targeting chimeras in TNBC treatment. The aim is to facilitate the development of novel small-molecule compounds that target TNBC effectively. Ultimately, this work seeks to contribute to enhancing therapeutic efficacy for patients with TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Long
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Xiangyu Fei
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Liucui Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Liang Yao
- Department of Pharmacy, Central Hospital of Hengyang, Hengyang, China
| | - Xiaoyong Lei
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
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Shen Y, Thng DKH, Wong ALA, Toh TB. Mechanistic insights and the clinical prospects of targeted therapies for glioblastoma: a comprehensive review. Exp Hematol Oncol 2024; 13:40. [PMID: 38615034 PMCID: PMC11015656 DOI: 10.1186/s40164-024-00512-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a fatal brain tumour that is traditionally diagnosed based on histological features. Recent molecular profiling studies have reshaped the World Health Organization approach in the classification of central nervous system tumours to include more pathogenetic hallmarks. These studies have revealed that multiple oncogenic pathways are dysregulated, which contributes to the aggressiveness and resistance of GBM. Such findings have shed light on the molecular vulnerability of GBM and have shifted the disease management paradigm from chemotherapy to targeted therapies. Targeted drugs have been developed to inhibit oncogenic targets in GBM, including receptors involved in the angiogenic axis, the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway, the ubiquitination-proteasome pathway, as well as IDH1/2 pathway. While certain targeted drugs showed promising results in vivo, the translatability of such preclinical achievements in GBM remains a barrier. We also discuss the recent developments and clinical assessments of targeted drugs, as well as the prospects of cell-based therapies and combinatorial therapy as novel ways to target GBM. Targeted treatments have demonstrated preclinical efficacy over chemotherapy as an alternative or adjuvant to the current standard of care for GBM, but their clinical efficacy remains hindered by challenges such as blood-brain barrier penetrance of the drugs. The development of combinatorial targeted therapies is expected to improve therapeutic efficacy and overcome drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yating Shen
- The N.1 Institute for Health (N.1), National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Dexter Kai Hao Thng
- The N.1 Institute for Health (N.1), National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Andrea Li Ann Wong
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tan Boon Toh
- The N.1 Institute for Health (N.1), National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
- The Institute for Digital Medicine (WisDM), National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
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Cai H, Huang T, Zheng B, Zhu X, Zhou L, Wu J, Xu Y, Huang S, Huang Y, Liu T. Exploring the evolutionary mechanism of hepatitis B and gastric cancer based on Mendelian randomization combined with bioinformatics analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37645. [PMID: 38579038 PMCID: PMC10994552 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic hepatitis B virus infection (HBV) infection appears to be associated with extrahepatic cancers. This study aims to evaluate the causality and evolutionary mechanism of chronic HBV infection and gastric cancer through Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis and bioinformatics analysis. We conducted 2-sample MR to investigate the causal relationship between chronic HBV infection and gastric cancer. We identified 5 independent genetic variants closely associated with exposure (chronic HBV infection) as instrumental variables in a sample of 1371 cases and 2938 controls of East Asian descent in Korea. The genome wide association study (GWAS) data for the outcome variable came from the Japanese Biobank. Bioinformatics analysis was used to explore the evolutionary mechanism of chronic HBV infection and gastric cancer. Differential expression analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) were performed to identify key targets that are commonly associated with both diseases, and their biological functions were investigated. Multiple machine-learning models were employed to select hub genes. The MR analysis showed a positive causal relationship between chronic HBV infection and gastric cancer (IVW: OR = 1.165, 95% CI = 1.085-1.250, P < .001), and the result was robust in sensitivity analysis. According to the bioinformatics analysis, the 5 key targets were mainly enriched in Toll-like receptor signaling and PI3K-Akt signaling. Two hub genes, CXCL9 and COL6A2, were identified, and a high-performing predictive model was constructed. Chronic HBV infection is positively associated with gastric cancer, and the evolutionary mechanism may be related to Toll-like receptor signaling. Prospective studies are still needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huilian Cai
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tianjian Huang
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bohui Zheng
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianqiong Zhu
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lisi Zhou
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiayu Wu
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shulan Huang
- General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command of PLA, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuxuan Huang
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tian Liu
- Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan, China
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6
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Liang X, Ren H, Han F, Liang R, Zhao J, Liu H. The new direction of drug development: Degradation of undruggable targets through targeting chimera technology. Med Res Rev 2024; 44:632-685. [PMID: 37983964 DOI: 10.1002/med.21992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Imbalances in protein and noncoding RNA levels in vivo lead to the occurrence of many diseases. In addition to the use of small molecule inhibitors and agonists to restore these imbalances, recently emerged targeted degradation technologies provide a new direction for disease treatment. Targeted degradation technology directly degrades target proteins or RNA by utilizing the inherent degradation pathways, thereby eliminating the functions of pathogenic proteins (or RNA) to treat diseases. Compared with traditional therapies, targeted degradation technology which avoids the principle of traditional inhibitor occupation drive, has higher efficiency and selectivity, and widely expands the range of drug targets. It is one of the most promising and hottest areas for future drug development. Herein, we systematically introduced the in vivo degradation systems applied to degrader design: ubiquitin-proteasome system, lysosomal degradation system, and RNA degradation system. We summarized the development progress, structural characteristics, and limitations of novel chimeric design technologies based on different degradation systems. In addition, due to the lack of clear ligand-binding pockets, about 80% of disease-associated proteins cannot be effectively intervened with through traditional therapies. We deeply elucidated how to use targeted degradation technology to discover and design molecules for representative undruggable targets including transcription factors, small GTPases, and phosphatases. Overall, this review provides a comprehensive and systematic overview of targeted degradation technology-related research advances and a new guidance for the chimeric design of undruggable targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuewu Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Hairu Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fengyang Han
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Renwen Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiayan Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
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7
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Chen Y, Zhai N, Zhu Y, Yue P, Verma N, Brotherton-Pleiss C, Fu W, Nakamura K, Chen W, Kawakami J, Murali R, Tius MA, Lopez-Tapia F, Turkson J. Azetidine ring, salicylic acid, and salicylic acid bioisosteres as determinants of the binding characteristics of novel potent compounds to Stat3. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2024; 97:129565. [PMID: 38008341 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2023.129565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Chen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd., Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; Cancer Biology Program, Cedars-Sinai Cancer, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd., Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Ning Zhai
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd., Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; Cancer Biology Program, Cedars-Sinai Cancer, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd., Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Yinsong Zhu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd., Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; Cancer Biology Program, Cedars-Sinai Cancer, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd., Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Peibin Yue
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd., Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; Cancer Biology Program, Cedars-Sinai Cancer, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd., Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Nagendra Verma
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd., Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; Cancer Biology Program, Cedars-Sinai Cancer, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd., Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Christine Brotherton-Pleiss
- Cancer Biology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 701 Ilalo St., Honolulu, HI 96813, USA; Department of Chemistry, University of Hawaii, Manoa, 2545 McCarthy Mall, Honolulu, HI 96825, USA
| | - Wenzhen Fu
- Cancer Biology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 701 Ilalo St., Honolulu, HI 96813, USA; Department of Chemistry, University of Hawaii, Manoa, 2545 McCarthy Mall, Honolulu, HI 96825, USA
| | - Kayo Nakamura
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawaii, Manoa, 2545 McCarthy Mall, Honolulu, HI 96825, USA
| | - Weiliang Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawaii, Manoa, 2545 McCarthy Mall, Honolulu, HI 96825, USA
| | - Joel Kawakami
- Department of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Chaminade University, 3140 Waialae Avenue, Honolulu, HI 96816, USA
| | - Ramachandran Murali
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd., Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Marcus A Tius
- Cancer Biology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 701 Ilalo St., Honolulu, HI 96813, USA; Department of Chemistry, University of Hawaii, Manoa, 2545 McCarthy Mall, Honolulu, HI 96825, USA
| | - Francisco Lopez-Tapia
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd., Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; Cancer Biology Program, Cedars-Sinai Cancer, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd., Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA.
| | - James Turkson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd., Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; Cancer Biology Program, Cedars-Sinai Cancer, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd., Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA.
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Wang W, Lopez McDonald MC, Kim C, Ma M, Pan Z(T, Kaufmann C, Frank DA. The complementary roles of STAT3 and STAT1 in cancer biology: insights into tumor pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1265818. [PMID: 38022653 PMCID: PMC10663227 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1265818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
STATs are a family of transcription factors that regulate many critical cellular processes such as proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation. Dysregulation of STATs is frequently observed in tumors and can directly drive cancer pathogenesis. STAT1 and STAT3 are generally viewed as mediating opposite roles in cancer development, with STAT1 suppressing tumorigenesis and STAT3 promoting oncogenesis. In this review, we investigate the specific roles of STAT1 and STAT3 in normal physiology and cancer biology, explore their interactions with each other, and offer insights into therapeutic strategies through modulating their transcriptional activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - David A. Frank
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
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9
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Tan J, Feng R. A pan-cancer analysis of STAT3 expression and genetic alterations in human tumors. Open Med (Wars) 2023; 18:20230792. [PMID: 37724127 PMCID: PMC10505358 DOI: 10.1515/med-2023-0792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Combined cancer immunotherapy and targeted therapy have proven to be effective against various cancers and therefore have recently become the focus of cancer research. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a member of the STAT protein family of transcription factors. Several studies have shown that STAT3 can affect the prognosis of cancer patients by regulating immune microenvironment (IME). Therefore, STAT3 may have high research value for the development of combined immunotherapy/targeted therapy approaches for the treatment of cancer patients. We found differences in STAT3 expression between tumor and normal tissues. Kaplan-Meier survival and Cox regression analyses showed that high expression of STAT3 is associated with poor prognosis in low-grade glioma (LGG) patients. The results of the analysis of the area under the curve of the receiver operating characteristic curve further suggested that the expression of STAT3 is an effective way to evaluate the prognosis of patients with glioma. The results of the IME analysis revealed that the immune and matrix scores of LGGs were positively correlated with the expression of STAT3 (P < 0.05). The results of immune cell infiltration analysis showed that STAT3 was positively correlated with resting dendritic cells, eosinophils, neutrophils, M0 macrophages, M1 macrophages, CD4 memory resting T cells, and CD8 T cells in LGG patients, but negatively correlated with activated mast cells and M2 macrophages (P < 0.05). Our gene set enrichment analysis identified 384 enriched pathways. According to the enrichment scores, the top ten most significantly upregulated pathways were related to immune response. The top ten most significantly downregulated pathways were related to cell signal transduction and the regulation of cell survival, proliferation, and metabolism. Genetic alteration analysis showed that missense mutations in STAT3 account for the majority of mutations, and STAT3 mutations mostly occur in the Src homology domain. In conclusion overexpression of STAT3 can promote the development and growth of tumors by regulating IME, which is significantly related to the poor prognosis of cancer patients. Therefore, targeted inhibition of STAT3 expression may have high research value for the development of combined immunotherapy/targeted therapy approaches for the treatment of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyin Tan
- Department of Oncology, Guigang People’s Hospital of Guangxi/The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guigang, Guangxi, China
| | - Ronghao Feng
- Department of Oncology, Guigang People’s Hospital of Guangxi/The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guigang, Guangxi, China
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10
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Huang Y, Zeng A, Song L. Facts and prospects of peptide in targeted therapy and immune regulation against triple-negative breast cancer. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1255820. [PMID: 37691919 PMCID: PMC10485606 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1255820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive subtype of breast cancer. Due to the lack of specific therapeutic targets, treatment options are limited, and the recurrence and metastasis rate is high, the overall survival of patients is poor. However, with the discovery of some new targets and the corresponding immune regulation after targeting these targets, TNBC has a new hope in treatment. The peptide has a simple structure, strong binding affinity, and high stability, and has great potential in targeted therapy and immune regulation against TNBC. This review will discuss how single peptides and peptide combinations target triple-negative breast cancer to exert immunomodulatory effects. Among them, single peptides target specific receptors on TNBC cells, act as decoys to target key ligands in the regulatory pathway, and target TME-related cells. The combinations of peptides work in the form of cancer vaccines, engineered exosomes, microRNAs and other immune-related molecular pathways, immune checkpoint inhibitors, chimeric antigen receptor T cells, and drug-peptide conjugates. This article is mainly dedicated to exploring new treatment methods for TNBC to improve the curative effect and prolong the survival time of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxiu Huang
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Anqi Zeng
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology and Clinical Application, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Linjiang Song
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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11
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Li T, Cai K, Liu X, Cao H, Liu J, Wu L. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 positively regulates osteoblastic differentiation in MC3T3-E1 cells. Minerva Med 2023; 114:491-499. [PMID: 33047939 DOI: 10.23736/s0026-4806.20.06588-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) plays a pivotal role in osteoblastic differentiation. However, the exact role of STAT3 in osteogenic differentiation of the pre-osteoblastic cell line MC3T3-E1 is still controversial. METHODS In this study, we demonstrated that eradication of STAT3 signaling by the inhibitors cryptotanshinone (CPT, a STAT3-specific inhibitor) or STAT3 siRNA both suppressed osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells, with a decrease in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, protein expressions of the osteogenic differentiation markers Collagen I (ColI), ALP, and osteocalcin (OCN), and reduced matrix mineralization capacity at the terminal stage of osteogenic differentiation. However, the inhibition of STAT3 by CPT did not affect MC3T3-E1 cell proliferation. To further clarify the effect of STAT3 on osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells, we forced STAT3 expression and found that this ameliorated osteogenic differentiation. RESULTS Thus, our results confirmed that STAT3 is a likely positive regulator of osteogenic differentiation in MC3T3-E1 cells. CONCLUSIONS These findings may provide a basis for the development of more efficient and controllable protocols for osteoblastic differentiation and facilitate their use in regenerative medicine. In addition, our results provide novel insights into the effect of the STAT3 antagonist CPT on modulation of osteogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Li
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Kunzhan Cai
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaohan Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hongjuan Cao
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Center of Science Experiment, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lin Wu
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China -
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12
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Pang Q, You L, Meng X, Li Y, Deng T, Li D, Zhu B. Regulation of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway: The promising targets for cardiovascular disease. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 213:115587. [PMID: 37187275 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Individuals have known that Janus kinase (JAK) signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling pathway was involved in the growth of the cell, cell differentiation courses advancement, immune cellular survival, as well as hematopoietic system advancement. Researches in the animal models have already uncovered a JAK/STAT regulatory function in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI), acute myocardial infarction (MI), hypertension, myocarditis, heart failure, angiogenesis and fibrosis. Evidences originating in these studies indicate a therapeutic JAK/STAT function in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). In this retrospection, various JAK/STAT functions in the normal and ill hearts were described. Moreover, the latest figures about JAK/STAT were summarized under the background of CVDs. Finally, we discussed the clinical transformation prospects and technical limitations of JAK/STAT as the potential therapeutic targets for CVDs. This collection of evidences has essential meanings for the clinical application of JAK/STAT as medicinal agents for CVDs. In this retrospection, various JAK/STAT functions in the normal and ill hearts were described. Moreover, the latest figures about JAK/STAT were summarized under the background of CVDs. Finally, we discussed the clinical transformation prospects and toxicity of JAK/STAT inhibitors as potential therapeutic targets for CVDs. This collection of evidences has essential meanings for the clinical application of JAK/STAT as medicinal agents for CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyu Pang
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lu You
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiangmin Meng
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yumeng Li
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tian Deng
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Deyong Li
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bingmei Zhu
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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13
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Standing D, Feess E, Kodiyalam S, Kuehn M, Hamel Z, Johnson J, Thomas SM, Anant S. The Role of STATs in Ovarian Cancer: Exploring Their Potential for Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15092485. [PMID: 37173951 PMCID: PMC10177275 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15092485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OvCa) is a deadly gynecologic malignancy that presents many clinical challenges due to late-stage diagnoses and the development of acquired resistance to standard-of-care treatment protocols. There is an increasing body of evidence suggesting that STATs may play a critical role in OvCa progression, resistance, and disease recurrence, and thus we sought to compile a comprehensive review to summarize the current state of knowledge on the topic. We have examined peer reviewed literature to delineate the role of STATs in both cancer cells and cells within the tumor microenvironment. In addition to summarizing the current knowledge of STAT biology in OvCa, we have also examined the capacity of small molecule inhibitor development to target specific STATs and progress toward clinical applications. From our research, the best studied and targeted factors are STAT3 and STAT5, which has resulted in the development of several inhibitors that are under current evaluation in clinical trials. There remain gaps in understanding the role of STAT1, STAT2, STAT4, and STAT6, due to limited reports in the current literature; as such, further studies to establish their implications in OvCa are necessitated. Moreover, due to the deficiency in our understanding of these STATs, selective inhibitors also remain elusive, and therefore present opportunities for discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Standing
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66103, USA
| | - Emma Feess
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66103, USA
| | - Satvik Kodiyalam
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66103, USA
| | - Michael Kuehn
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66103, USA
| | - Zachary Hamel
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66103, USA
| | - Jaimie Johnson
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66103, USA
| | - Sufi Mary Thomas
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Shrikant Anant
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66103, USA
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14
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Gharibi T, Barpour N, Hosseini A, Mohammadzadeh A, Marofi F, Ebrahimi-Kalan A, Nejati-Koshki K, Abdollahpour-Alitappeh M, Safaei S, Baghbani E, Baradaran B. STA-21, a small molecule STAT3 inhibitor, ameliorates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by altering Th-17/Treg balance. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 119:110160. [PMID: 37080068 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous studies have demonstrated the role of T helper (Th) 17 and T regulatory (reg) cells and pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines related to these cells in the pathogenesis of MS and its animal model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). STAT3 is one of the downstream signaling proteins of IL-23, IL-6, and IL-21 that are required for Th17 cells differentiation. STA-21 is a STAT3 inhibitor that functions by inhibiting STAT3 dimerization and binding to DNA impairing the expression of STAT3 target genes including, RORγt, IL-21 and IL-23R that are also required for Th17 cell differentiation. AIM In this study, we evaluated the effect of STA-21 on EAE Model and investigated how this small molecule can change Th17/Treg balance leading to amelioration of disease. METHODS After EAE induction and treatment with STA-21, its effects were assessed. Major assays were H&E and LFB staining, Flow cytometric analysis, Reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR), and ELISA. RESULTS STA-21 ameliorated the EAE severity and decreased the EAE inflammation and demyelination. It also decreased STAT3 phosphorylation, the proportion of Th17 cells and the protein level of IL-17. In contrast, the balance of Tregs and the level of anti-inflammatory cytokine, IL-10 increased in STA-21-treated mice. Moreover, STA-21 significantly decreased the expression of Th17 related transcription factors, RORɣt and IL-23R while FOXP3 expression associated with Treg differentiation was increased. CONCLUSION This study showed that STA-21 has therapeutic effects in EAE by reducing inflammation and shifting inflammatory immune responses to anti-inflammatory and can be used as a suitable treatment strategy for the treatment of EAE. The effectiveness of inhibiting or strengthening the functional cells of the immune system by these small molecules in terms of easy to access, simple construction and inexpensive expansion make them as a suitable tool for the treatment of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tohid Gharibi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Neurosciences and Cognition, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nesa Barpour
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Neurosciences and Cognition, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Arezoo Hosseini
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Adel Mohammadzadeh
- Department of Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Faroogh Marofi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Abbas Ebrahimi-Kalan
- Department of Neurosciences and Cognition, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Kazem Nejati-Koshki
- Department of Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Meghdad Abdollahpour-Alitappeh
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran; Department of Nursing, School of Nursing, Larestan University of Medical Sciences, Larestan, Iran
| | - Sahar Safaei
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Elham Baghbani
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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15
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Zhang C, Yang L, Yang X, Gao Q, Qu Y, Wu L. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of novel napabucasin-melatonin hybrids as potent STAT3 inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2023; 136:106541. [PMID: 37062104 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
The current work developed diverse novel napabucasin-melatonin hybrids as potent STAT3 inhibitors. Several biological studies have suggested many compounds demonstrating potent inhibition against different tumor cells. Among these, compound 7e depicted enhanced inhibition against HepG2, MDA-MB-231, and A549 cells than napabucasin, with IC50 values of 1.06, 1.38, and 1.3 µM, respectively. Based on fluorescence polarization analysis, compound 7e was bound to the SH2 domain in STAT3, with an IC50 value of 12.95 µM. Molecular docking further confirmed the 7e binding mode inside the SH2 domain of STAT3. Further mechanistic studies indicated that 7e inhibited the activation of STAT3 (Y705), and thus reduced the expression of STAT3 downstream genes (CyclinD1, Bcl-2 and c-Myc) instead of affecting p-STAT1 expression. Meanwhile, the phosphorylation levels of its upstream kinases JAK2 and bypass kinase Erk1/2 remain unaffected. Simultaneously, 7e induced cancer cell apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner. Significantly, 20 mg/kg (i.p.) compound 7e suppressed the mouse HepG2 xenograft development in vivo without body weight loss, suggesting that it could be an effective antitumor agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Limin Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Xiaojuan Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Qinghe Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China.
| | - Yan Qu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China.
| | - Liqiang Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China.
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16
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Liu B, Chen R, Zhang Y, Huang J, Luo Y, Rosthøj S, Zhao C, Jäättelä M. Cationic amphiphilic antihistamines inhibit STAT3 via Ca 2+-dependent lysosomal H + efflux. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112137. [PMID: 36807142 PMCID: PMC9989825 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Commonly used antihistamines and other cationic amphiphilic drugs (CADs) are emerging as putative cancer drugs. Their unique chemical structure enables CADs to accumulate rapidly inside lysosomes, where they increase lysosomal pH, alter lysosomal lipid metabolism, and eventually cause lysosomal membrane permeabilization. Here, we show that CAD-induced rapid elevation in lysosomal pH is caused by a lysosomal H+ efflux that requires P2RX4-mediated lysosomal Ca2+ release and precedes the lysosomal membrane permeabilization. The subsequent cytosolic acidification triggers the dephosphorylation, lysosomal translocation, and inactivation of the oncogenic signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) transcription factor. Moreover, CAD-induced lysosomal H+ efflux sensitizes cancer cells to apoptosis induced by STAT3 inhibition and acts synergistically with STAT3 inhibition in restricting the tumor growth of A549 non-small cell lung carcinoma xenografts. These findings identify lysosomal H+ efflux and STAT3 inhibition as anticancer mechanisms of CADs and reinforce the repurposing of safe and inexpensive CADs as cancer drugs with a drug combination strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- Cell Death and Metabolism, Center for Autophagy, Recycling and Disease (CARD), Danish Cancer Society Research Center (DCRC), 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Ran Chen
- Cell Death and Metabolism, Center for Autophagy, Recycling and Disease (CARD), Danish Cancer Society Research Center (DCRC), 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Yidan Zhang
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266555, China
| | - Jinrong Huang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; Lars Bolund Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Qingdao-Europe Advanced Institute for Life Sciences, BGI-Qingdao, Qingdao 266555, China
| | - Yonglun Luo
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; Lars Bolund Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Qingdao-Europe Advanced Institute for Life Sciences, BGI-Qingdao, Qingdao 266555, China; Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Susanne Rosthøj
- Statistics and Data Analysis, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Chenyang Zhao
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266555, China
| | - Marja Jäättelä
- Cell Death and Metabolism, Center for Autophagy, Recycling and Disease (CARD), Danish Cancer Society Research Center (DCRC), 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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17
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Fu W, Hou X, Dong L, Hou W. Roles of STAT3 in the pathogenesis and treatment of glioblastoma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1098482. [PMID: 36923251 PMCID: PMC10009693 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1098482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most malignant of astrocytomas mainly involving the cerebral hemispheres and the cerebral cortex. It is one of the fatal and refractory solid tumors, with a 5-year survival rate of merely 5% among the adults. IL6/JAK/STAT3 is an important signaling pathway involved in the pathogenesis and progression of GBM. The expression of STAT3 in GBM tissues is substantially higher than that of normal brain cells. The abnormal activation of STAT3 renders the tumor microenvironment of GBM immunosuppression. Besides, blocking the STAT3 pathway can effectively inhibit the growth and metastasis of GBM. On this basis, inhibition of STAT3 may be a new therapeutic approach for GBM, and the combination of STAT3 targeted therapy and conventional therapies may improve the current status of GBM treatment. This review summarized the roles of STAT3 in the pathogenesis of GBM and the feasibility of STAT3 for GBM target therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijia Fu
- Department of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xue Hou
- Department of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lihua Dong
- Department of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Hou
- Department of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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18
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Wang F, Wang S, Zhang C, Tian X, Zhou Y, Xuan W, Matteson EL, Luo F, Tschumperlin D, Vassallo R. Noncanonical JAK1/STAT3 interactions with TGF-β modulate myofibroblast transdifferentiation and fibrosis. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2022; 323:L698-L714. [PMID: 36283961 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00428.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive lung disease with limited survival. Janus kinases (JAKs), tyrosine kinases that transduce cytokine-mediated signals, are known to be involved, but their specific roles in lung fibrosis are not well defined. In this study, the interactions between JAK1/signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT)3 signaling and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β)-induced fibroblast responses were investigated using both pharmacological and siRNA approaches in human normal and IPF-derived lung fibroblasts. We found that JAK1 directly interacts with the TGF-β receptor I subunit (TβRI), and silencing JAK1 promotes myofibroblast transdifferentiation. However, the suppression of JAK1 signaling in vitro and in vivo using an inhibitor (upadacitinib) did not alter lung fibroblast activation or fibrosis development. STAT3 was constitutively active in cultured primary lung fibroblasts; this STAT3 activation required JAK1 and repressed myofibroblast transdifferentiation. Loss of phosphorylated STAT3 following transcriptional JAK1 silencing promoted myofibroblast transdifferentiation. In contrast, transcriptional silencing of unphosphorylated STAT3 suppressed TGF-β signaling, decreased SMAD3 activation, and reduced myofibroblast transdifferentiation and ECM production. Taken together, these observations support a role for JAK1/STAT3 as a direct regulator of TGF-β signaling in lung fibroblasts. Modulation of JAK1/STAT3 signaling in lung fibroblasts represents a noncanonical approach to regulating TGF-β-induced fibrosis and suggests the potential for a novel approach to treat pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faping Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Shaohua Wang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Chujie Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Xue Tian
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Yongfang Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Weixia Xuan
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Eric L Matteson
- Division of Rheumatology and Department of Health Science Research, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Fengming Luo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Daniel Tschumperlin
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Robert Vassallo
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota.,Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota
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19
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Structural optimization of Imidazo[1, 2-a]pyridine derivatives for the treatment of gastric cancer via STAT3 signaling pathway. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 244:114858. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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20
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Lozynskyi A, Senkiv J, Ivasechko I, Finiuk N, Klyuchivska O, Kashchak N, Lesyk D, Karkhut A, Polovkovych S, Levytska O, Karpenko O, Boshkayeva A, Sayakova G, Gzella A, Stoika R, Lesyk R. 1,4-Naphthoquinone Motif in the Synthesis of New Thiopyrano[2,3-d]thiazoles as Potential Biologically Active Compounds. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27217575. [PMID: 36364402 PMCID: PMC9658586 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of 11-substituted 3,5,10,11-tetrahydro-2H-benzo[6,7]thiochromeno[2,3-d][1,3]thiazole-2,5,10-triones were obtained via hetero-Diels-Alder reaction of 5-alkyl/arylallylidene/-4-thioxo-2-thiazolidinones and 1,4-naphthoquinones. The structures of newly synthesized compounds were established by spectral data and a single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. According to U.S. NCI protocols, compounds 3.5 and 3.6 were screened for their anticancer activity; 11-Phenethyl-3,11-dihydro-2H-benzo[6,7]thiochromeno[2,3-d]thiazole-2,5,10-trione (3.6) showed pronounced cytotoxic effect on leukemia (Jurkat, THP-1), epidermoid (KB3-1, KBC-1), and colon (HCT116wt, HCT116 p53-/-) cell lines. The cytotoxic action of 3.6 on p53-deficient colon carcinoma cells was two times weaker than on HCT116wt, and it may be an interesting feature of the mechanism action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrii Lozynskyi
- Department of Pharmaceutical, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Pekarska 69, 79010 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Julia Senkiv
- Institute of Cell Biology of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Drahomanov14/16, 79005 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Iryna Ivasechko
- Institute of Cell Biology of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Drahomanov14/16, 79005 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Nataliya Finiuk
- Institute of Cell Biology of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Drahomanov14/16, 79005 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Olga Klyuchivska
- Institute of Cell Biology of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Drahomanov14/16, 79005 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Nataliya Kashchak
- Institute of Cell Biology of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Drahomanov14/16, 79005 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Danylo Lesyk
- Department of Pharmaceutical, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Pekarska 69, 79010 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Andriy Karkhut
- Department of Technology of Biologically Active Substances, Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Lviv Polytechnic National University, Bandera 12, 79013 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Svyatoslav Polovkovych
- Department of Technology of Biologically Active Substances, Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Lviv Polytechnic National University, Bandera 12, 79013 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Oksana Levytska
- Department of Organization and Economics of Pharmacy, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Pekarska 69, 79010 Lviv, Ukraine
| | | | - Assyl Boshkayeva
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, Pharmacognosy and Botany, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan
| | - Galiya Sayakova
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, Pharmacognosy and Botany, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan
| | - Andrzej Gzella
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznan, Poland
| | - Rostyslav Stoika
- Institute of Cell Biology of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Drahomanov14/16, 79005 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Roman Lesyk
- Department of Pharmaceutical, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Pekarska 69, 79010 Lviv, Ukraine
- Department of Biotechnology and Cell Biology, Medical College, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszow, Sucharskiego 2, 35-225 Rzeszow, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +380-677-038-010
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21
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Wong GL, Manore SG, Doheny DL, Lo HW. STAT family of transcription factors in breast cancer: Pathogenesis and therapeutic opportunities and challenges. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:84-106. [PMID: 35995341 PMCID: PMC9714692 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and second-leading cause of cancer deaths in women. Breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) promote metastasis and therapeutic resistance contributing to tumor relapse. Through activating genes important for BCSCs, transcription factors contribute to breast cancer metastasis and therapeutic resistance, including the signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) family of transcription factors. The STAT family consists of six major isoforms, STAT1, STAT2, STAT3, STAT4, STAT5, and STAT6. Canonical STAT signaling is activated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to a cell-surface receptor followed by STAT phosphorylation, leading to STAT nuclear translocation and transactivation of target genes. It is important to note that STAT transcription factors exhibit diverse effects in breast cancer; some are either pro- or anti-tumorigenic while others maintain dual, context-dependent roles. Among the STAT transcription factors, STAT3 is the most widely studied STAT protein in breast cancer for its critical roles in promoting BCSCs, breast cancer cell proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis, metastasis, and immune evasion. Consequently, there have been substantial efforts in developing cancer therapeutics to target breast cancer with dysregulated STAT3 signaling. In this comprehensive review, we will summarize the diverse roles that each STAT family member plays in breast cancer pathobiology, as well as, the opportunities and challenges in pharmacologically targeting STAT proteins and their upstream activators in the context of breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace L Wong
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Sara G Manore
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Daniel L Doheny
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Hui-Wen Lo
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA; Breast Cancer Center of Excellence, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA; Wake Forest Baptist Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
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22
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He P, Bian A, Miao Y, Jin W, Chen H, He J, Li L, Sun Y, Ye J, Yi Z, Zhou W, Chen Y. Discovery of a Highly Potent and Orally Bioavailable STAT3 Dual Phosphorylation Inhibitor for Pancreatic Cancer Treatment. J Med Chem 2022; 65:15487-15511. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peng He
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Genome Editing and Cell Therapy, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, The Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Aiwu Bian
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Genome Editing and Cell Therapy, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, The Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
- Shanghai Yuyao Biotech Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Ying Miao
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Genome Editing and Cell Therapy, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, The Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Wangrui Jin
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Genome Editing and Cell Therapy, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, The Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Huang Chen
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Genome Editing and Cell Therapy, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, The Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
- Shanghai Yuyao Biotech Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jia He
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Genome Editing and Cell Therapy, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, The Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Liting Li
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Genome Editing and Cell Therapy, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, The Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yue Sun
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Genome Editing and Cell Therapy, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, The Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jiangnan Ye
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Genome Editing and Cell Therapy, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, The Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Zhengfang Yi
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Genome Editing and Cell Therapy, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, The Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Wenbo Zhou
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Genome Editing and Cell Therapy, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, The Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
- Shanghai Yuyao Biotech Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yihua Chen
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Genome Editing and Cell Therapy, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, The Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
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23
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Hashimoto S, Hashimoto A, Muromoto R, Kitai Y, Oritani K, Matsuda T. Central Roles of STAT3-Mediated Signals in Onset and Development of Cancers: Tumorigenesis and Immunosurveillance. Cells 2022; 11:cells11162618. [PMID: 36010693 PMCID: PMC9406645 DOI: 10.3390/cells11162618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the time of Rudolf Virchow in the 19th century, it has been well-known that cancer-associated inflammation contributes to tumor initiation and progression. However, it remains unclear whether a collapse of the balance between the antitumor immune response via the immunological surveillance system and protumor immunity due to cancer-related inflammation is responsible for cancer malignancy. The majority of inflammatory signals affect tumorigenesis by activating signal transducer and activation of transcription 3 (STAT3) and nuclear factor-κB. Persistent STAT3 activation in malignant cancer cells mediates extremely widespread functions, including cell growth, survival, angiogenesis, and invasion and contributes to an increase in inflammation-associated tumorigenesis. In addition, intracellular STAT3 activation in immune cells causes suppressive effects on antitumor immunity and leads to the differentiation and mobilization of immature myeloid-derived cells and tumor-associated macrophages. In many cancer types, STAT3 does not directly rely on its activation by oncogenic mutations but has important oncogenic and malignant transformation-associated functions in both cancer and stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). We have reported a series of studies aiming towards understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the proliferation of various types of tumors involving signal-transducing adaptor protein-2 as an adaptor molecule that modulates STAT3 activity, and we recently found that AT-rich interactive domain-containing protein 5a functions as an mRNA stabilizer that orchestrates an immunosuppressive TME in malignant mesenchymal tumors. In this review, we summarize recent advances in our understanding of the functional role of STAT3 in tumor progression and introduce novel molecular mechanisms of cancer development and malignant transformation involving STAT3 activation that we have identified to date. Finally, we discuss potential therapeutic strategies for cancer that target the signaling pathway to augment STAT3 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeru Hashimoto
- Division of Molecular Psychoimmunology, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0815, Japan
- Correspondence: (S.H.); (T.M.)
| | - Ari Hashimoto
- Department of Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - Ryuta Muromoto
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Yuichi Kitai
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Kenji Oritani
- Department of Hematology, International University of Health and Welfare, Narita 286-8686, Japan
| | - Tadashi Matsuda
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
- Correspondence: (S.H.); (T.M.)
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24
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Zhang Z, Xue ST, Gao Y, Li Y, Zhou Z, Wang J, Li Z, Liu Z. Small molecule targeting FOXM1 DNA binding domain exhibits anti-tumor activity in ovarian cancer. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:280. [PMID: 35680842 PMCID: PMC9184618 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-01070-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
FOXM1 is a potent oncogenic transcription factor essential for cancer initiation, progression, and drug resistance. FOXM1 regulatory network is a major predictor of adverse outcomes in various human cancers. Inhibition of FOXM1 transcription factor function is a potential strategy in cancer treatment. In this study, we performed structure-based in silico screening to discover small molecules targeting the FOXM1 DNA-binding domain (DBD). Compound XST-20 was identified to effectively suppress FOXM1 transcriptional activities and inhibit ovarian cancer cell proliferation. XST-20 directly interacts with the FOXM1 DNA-binding domain determined by SPR assay. Furthermore, XST-20 was found to significantly reduce the colony-forming efficiency and induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Our study provides a lead compound of FOXM1 inhibitor which may serve as a potential targeted therapy agent for ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaixin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Si-Tu Xue
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yan Gao
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yingwei Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ziying Zhou
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhuorong Li
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Zhaojian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
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25
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Ang GCK, Gupta A, Surana U, Yap SXL, Taneja R. Potential Therapeutics Targeting Upstream Regulators and Interactors of EHMT1/2. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14122855. [PMID: 35740522 PMCID: PMC9221123 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14122855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The expression of Euchromatin histone lysine methyltransferase 1 and 2 (EHMT1/2) is deregulated in many cancers. Most studies thus far have focused on the downstream targets and pathways regulated by EHMTs. However, the mechanisms that lead to their deregulated expression, and the interacting proteins that could impact EHMT activity are not well understood. In this review, we summarize our current understanding of the upstream regulators and the interactors that provide alternative therapeutic approaches to tackle EHMT driven malignancies. Abstract Euchromatin histone lysine methyltransferases (EHMTs) are epigenetic regulators responsible for silencing gene transcription by catalyzing H3K9 dimethylation. Dysregulation of EHMT1/2 has been reported in multiple cancers and is associated with poor clinical outcomes. Although substantial insights have been gleaned into the downstream targets and pathways regulated by EHMT1/2, few studies have uncovered mechanisms responsible for their dysregulated expression. Moreover, EHMT1/2 interacting partners, which can influence their function and, therefore, the expression of target genes, have not been extensively explored. As none of the currently available EHMT inhibitors have made it past clinical trials, understanding upstream regulators and EHMT protein complexes may provide unique insights into novel therapeutic avenues in EHMT-overexpressing cancers. Here, we review our current understanding of the regulators and interacting partners of EHMTs. We also discuss available therapeutic drugs that target the upstream regulators and binding partners of EHMTs and could potentially modulate EHMT function in cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gareth Chin Khye Ang
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore; (G.C.K.A.); (A.G.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore;
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research A*STAR, 61 Biopolis Drive, Singapore 138673, Singapore
| | - Amogh Gupta
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore; (G.C.K.A.); (A.G.)
| | - Uttam Surana
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore;
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research A*STAR, 61 Biopolis Drive, Singapore 138673, Singapore
| | - Shirlyn Xue Ling Yap
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore;
| | - Reshma Taneja
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore; (G.C.K.A.); (A.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +65-(65)-153-236; Fax: +65-(67)-788-161
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26
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He M, Cao C, Ni Z, Liu Y, Song P, Hao S, He Y, Sun X, Rao Y. PROTACs: great opportunities for academia and industry (an update from 2020 to 2021). Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:181. [PMID: 35680848 PMCID: PMC9178337 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-00999-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PROteolysis TArgeting Chimeras (PROTACs) technology is a new protein-degradation strategy that has emerged in recent years. It uses bifunctional small molecules to induce the ubiquitination and degradation of target proteins through the ubiquitin–proteasome system. PROTACs can not only be used as potential clinical treatments for diseases such as cancer, immune disorders, viral infections, and neurodegenerative diseases, but also provide unique chemical knockdown tools for biological research in a catalytic, reversible, and rapid manner. In 2019, our group published a review article “PROTACs: great opportunities for academia and industry” in the journal, summarizing the representative compounds of PROTACs reported before the end of 2019. In the past 2 years, the entire field of protein degradation has experienced rapid development, including not only a large increase in the number of research papers on protein-degradation technology but also a rapid increase in the number of small-molecule degraders that have entered the clinical and will enter the clinical stage. In addition to PROTAC and molecular glue technology, other new degradation technologies are also developing rapidly. In this article, we mainly summarize and review the representative PROTACs of related targets published in 2020–2021 to present to researchers the exciting developments in the field of protein degradation. The problems that need to be solved in this field will also be briefly introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming He
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Chaoguo Cao
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, P. R. China.,Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, 100084, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Zhihao Ni
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yongbo Liu
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Peilu Song
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Shuang Hao
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yuna He
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xiuyun Sun
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yu Rao
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, P. R. China. .,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 450001, Zhengzhou, China.
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27
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Eskandarian Boroujeni M, Sekrecka A, Antonczyk A, Hassani S, Sekrecki M, Nowicka H, Lopacinska N, Olya A, Kluzek K, Wesoly J, Bluyssen HAR. Dysregulated Interferon Response and Immune Hyperactivation in Severe COVID-19: Targeting STATs as a Novel Therapeutic Strategy. Front Immunol 2022; 13:888897. [PMID: 35663932 PMCID: PMC9156796 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.888897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A disease outbreak in December 2019, caused by a novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, was named COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2 infects cells from the upper and lower respiratory tract system and is transmitted by inhalation or contact with infected droplets. Common clinical symptoms include fatigue, fever, and cough, but also shortness of breath and lung abnormalities. Still, some 5% of SARS-CoV-2 infections progress to severe pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), with pulmonary edema, acute kidney injury, and/or multiple organ failure as important consequences, which can lead to death. The innate immune system recognizes viral RNAs and triggers the expression of interferons (IFN). IFNs activate anti-viral effectors and components of the adaptive immune system by activating members of the STAT and IRF families that induce the expression of IFN-stimulated genes (ISG)s. Among other coronaviruses, such as Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and SARS-CoV, common strategies have been identified to antagonize IFN signaling. This typically coincides with hyperactive inflammatory host responses known as the “cytokine storm” that mediate severe lung damage. Likewise, SARS-CoV-2 infection combines a dysregulated IFN response with excessive production of inflammatory cytokines in the lungs. This excessive inflammatory response in the lungs is associated with the local recruitment of immune cells that create a pathogenic inflammatory loop. Together, it causes severe lung pathology, including ARDS, as well as damage to other vulnerable organs, like the heart, spleen, lymph nodes, and kidney, as well as the brain. This can rapidly progress to multiple organ exhaustion and correlates with a poor prognosis in COVID-19 patients. In this review, we focus on the crucial role of different types of IFN that underlies the progression of SARS-CoV-2 infection and leads to immune cell hyper-activation in the lungs, exuberant systemic inflammation, and multiple organ damage. Consequently, to protect from systemic inflammation, it will be critical to interfere with signaling cascades activated by IFNs and other inflammatory cytokines. Targeting members of the STAT family could therefore be proposed as a novel therapeutic strategy in patients with severe COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Eskandarian Boroujeni
- Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Agata Sekrecka
- Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Antonczyk
- Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Sanaz Hassani
- Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Michal Sekrecki
- Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Hanna Nowicka
- Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Natalia Lopacinska
- Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Arta Olya
- Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kluzek
- Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Joanna Wesoly
- Laboratory of High Throughput Technologies, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Hans A R Bluyssen
- Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
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28
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Yue P, Zhu Y, Brotherton-Pleiss C, Fu W, Verma N, Chen J, Nakamura K, Chen W, Chen Y, Alonso-Valenteen F, Mikhael S, Medina-Kauwe L, Kershaw KM, Celeridad M, Pan S, Limpert AS, Sheffler DJ, Cosford NDP, Shiao SL, Tius MA, Lopez-Tapia F, Turkson J. Novel potent azetidine-based compounds irreversibly inhibit Stat3 activation and induce antitumor response against human breast tumor growth in vivo. Cancer Lett 2022; 534:215613. [PMID: 35276290 PMCID: PMC9867837 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2022.215613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription (Stat)3 is a valid anticancer therapeutic target. We have discovered a highly potent chemotype that amplifies the Stat3-inhibitory activity of lead compounds to levels previously unseen. The azetidine-based compounds, including H172 (9f) and H182, irreversibly bind to Stat3 and selectively inhibit Stat3 activity (IC50 0.38-0.98 μM) over Stat1 or Stat5 (IC50 > 15.8 μM) in vitro. Mass spectrometry detected the Stat3 cysteine peptides covalently bound to the azetidine compounds, and the key residues, Cys426 and Cys468, essential for the high potency inhibition, were confirmed by site-directed mutagenesis. In triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) models, treatment with the azetidine compounds inhibited constitutive and ligand-induced Stat3 signaling, and induced loss of viable cells and tumor cell death, compared to no effect on the induction of Janus kinase (JAK)2, Src, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and other proteins, or weak effects on cells that do not harbor aberrantly-active Stat3. H120 (8e) and H182 as a single agent inhibited growth of TNBC xenografts, and H278 (hydrochloric acid salt of H182) in combination with radiation completely blocked mouse TNBC growth and improved survival in syngeneic models. We identify potent azetidine-based, selective, irreversible Stat3 inhibitors that inhibit TNBC growth in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peibin Yue
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angenes, CA, 90048, USA,Cancer Biology Program, Cedars-Sinai Cancer, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Yinsong Zhu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angenes, CA, 90048, USA,Cancer Biology Program, Cedars-Sinai Cancer, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Christine Brotherton-Pleiss
- Cancer Biology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo St, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA,Department of Chemistry, University of Hawaii, Manoa, 2545 McCarthy Mall, Honolulu, HI, 96825, USA
| | - Wenzhen Fu
- Cancer Biology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo St, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA,Department of Chemistry, University of Hawaii, Manoa, 2545 McCarthy Mall, Honolulu, HI, 96825, USA
| | - Nagendra Verma
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angenes, CA, 90048, USA,Cancer Biology Program, Cedars-Sinai Cancer, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Jasmine Chen
- Cancer Biology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo St, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA
| | - Kayo Nakamura
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawaii, Manoa, 2545 McCarthy Mall, Honolulu, HI, 96825, USA
| | - Weiliang Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawaii, Manoa, 2545 McCarthy Mall, Honolulu, HI, 96825, USA
| | - Yue Chen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angenes, CA, 90048, USA,Cancer Biology Program, Cedars-Sinai Cancer, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Felix Alonso-Valenteen
- Cancer Biology Program, Cedars-Sinai Cancer, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Simoun Mikhael
- Cancer Biology Program, Cedars-Sinai Cancer, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Lali Medina-Kauwe
- Cancer Biology Program, Cedars-Sinai Cancer, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Kathleen M. Kershaw
- Cancer Biology Program, Cedars-Sinai Cancer, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA,Department of Radiation Oncology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Maria Celeridad
- Cell and Molecular Biology of Cancer Program, Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 N. Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Songqin Pan
- W. M. Keck Proteomics Laboratory, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Allison S. Limpert
- Cell and Molecular Biology of Cancer Program, Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 N. Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Douglas J. Sheffler
- Cell and Molecular Biology of Cancer Program, Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 N. Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Nicholas D. P. Cosford
- Cell and Molecular Biology of Cancer Program, Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 N. Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Stephen L. Shiao
- Cancer Biology Program, Cedars-Sinai Cancer, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA,Department of Radiation Oncology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Marcus A. Tius
- Cancer Biology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo St, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA,Department of Chemistry, University of Hawaii, Manoa, 2545 McCarthy Mall, Honolulu, HI, 96825, USA
| | - Francisco Lopez-Tapia
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angenes, CA, 90048, USA,Cancer Biology Program, Cedars-Sinai Cancer, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA,Corresponding author. Cancer Biology Program, Cedars-Sinai Cancer, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA. (J. Turkson)
| | - James Turkson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angenes, CA, 90048, USA; Cancer Biology Program, Cedars-Sinai Cancer, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA.
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29
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Wang X, Jia P, Ren T, Zou Z, Xu S, Zhang Y, Shi Y, Bao S, Li Y, Fang Y, Ding X. MicroRNA-382 Promotes M2-Like Macrophage via the SIRP-α/STAT3 Signaling Pathway in Aristolochic Acid-Induced Renal Fibrosis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:864984. [PMID: 35585990 PMCID: PMC9108237 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.864984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aristolochic acid nephropathy (AAN) is a type of drug-induced nephropathy and is correlated with a potentially progression of kidney fibrosis. However, whether miR-382 is implicated in macrophage activation in AA-induced kidney fibrosis remains elusive. Here, cell-sorting experiments defined a significant miR-382 enrichment in renal macrophage after AAN 14 days. Then, we found that treatment of AA induced a significant switch in the phenotype of macrophage both in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, miR-382 knockout (KO) mice and miR-382-/- bone marrow-derived macrophage (BMDM) were subjected to AA induction. We found that both systemic KO and macrophage-specific miR-382 depletion notably suppressed M2-like macrophage activation as well as kidney interstitial fibrosis. Additionally, adoptive transfer of miR-382 overexpression BMDMs into mice promoted AA-induced kidney injury. Moreover, in cultured macrophage, upregulation of miR-382 promoted M2-related gene expression, accompanied by downregulation of signal regulatory protein α (SIRP-α) and activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). The interaction between miR-382 and SIRP-α was evaluated via dual-luciferase assay. Knockdown of SIRP-α upregulated phosphorylated STAT3 at S727 and Y705. Pharmacological inhibition of STAT3 was performed both in vivo and in vitro. Inhibition of STAT3 attenuated AA-induced kidney fibrosis, in parallel to lesser macrophage M2 polarization. Coculture experiments further confirmed that overexpressed miR-382 in macrophage promoted injuries of tubular cells. Luminex bio-chip detection suggested that IL-4 and CCL-5 were critical in the cross talk between macrophages and tubular cells. Taken together, our data suggest that miR-382 is a critical mediator in M2-like macrophage polarization and can be a promising therapeutic target for kidney fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Medical Center of Kidney Disease, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Kidney and Dialysis, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Jia
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Medical Center of Kidney Disease, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Kidney and Dialysis, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Kidney and Blood Purification, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting Ren
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Medical Center of Kidney Disease, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Kidney and Dialysis, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhouping Zou
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Medical Center of Kidney Disease, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Kidney and Dialysis, Shanghai, China
| | - Sujuan Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Medical Center of Kidney Disease, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Kidney and Dialysis, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunlu Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Medical Center of Kidney Disease, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Kidney and Dialysis, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiqin Shi
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Medical Center of Kidney Disease, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Kidney and Dialysis, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Kidney and Blood Purification, Shanghai, China
| | - Siyu Bao
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Medical Center of Kidney Disease, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Kidney and Dialysis, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingxiang Li
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Medical Center of Kidney Disease, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Kidney and Dialysis, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Fang
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Medical Center of Kidney Disease, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Kidney and Dialysis, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Kidney and Blood Purification, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaoqiang Ding, ; Yi Fang,
| | - Xiaoqiang Ding
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Medical Center of Kidney Disease, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Kidney and Dialysis, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Kidney and Blood Purification, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaoqiang Ding, ; Yi Fang,
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30
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Jin W, Zhang T, Zhou W, He P, Sun Y, Hu S, Chen H, Ma X, Peng Y, Yi Z, Liu M, Chen Y. Discovery of 2-Amino-3-cyanothiophene Derivatives as Potent STAT3 Inhibitors for the Treatment of Osteosarcoma Growth and Metastasis. J Med Chem 2022; 65:6710-6728. [PMID: 35476936 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is one of the most common malignant bone tumors. However, the treatment and clinical outcomes of osteosarcoma have hardly changed over the past three decades due to the comprehensive heterogeneity and higher rate of mutation of osteosarcoma. Recent studies have shown that STAT3 has the potential to suppress the proliferation and metastasis of osteosarcoma. In this study, a novel class of 2-amino-3-cyanothiophene derivatives were designed and synthesized to inhibit osteosarcoma by targeting STAT3. Representative compound 6f showed potent antiproliferative effects against osteosarcoma cells, directly bound to the STAT3 SH2 domain with a KD of 0.46 μM, and inhibited the phosphorylation of STAT3 Y705 in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, compound 6f promoted osteosarcoma cell apoptosis in vitro and significantly suppressed the growth and metastasis of osteosarcoma in vivo. These findings demonstrate that targeting STAT3 may be a feasible therapeutic strategy for the treatment of metastatic osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangrui Jin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, The Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Wenbo Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, The Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Peng He
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, The Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yue Sun
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, The Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Shijia Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, The Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Huang Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, The Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xinglong Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Yangrui Peng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, The Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Zhengfang Yi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, The Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Mingyao Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, The Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yihua Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, The Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
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31
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Manore SG, Doheny DL, Wong GL, Lo HW. IL-6/JAK/STAT3 Signaling in Breast Cancer Metastasis: Biology and Treatment. Front Oncol 2022; 12:866014. [PMID: 35371975 PMCID: PMC8964978 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.866014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women. Metastasis is the primary cause of mortality for breast cancer patients. Multiple mechanisms underlie breast cancer metastatic dissemination, including the interleukin-6 (IL-6)-mediated signaling pathway. IL-6 is a pleiotropic cytokine that plays an important role in multiple physiological processes including cell proliferation, immune surveillance, acute inflammation, metabolism, and bone remodeling. IL-6 binds to the IL-6 receptor (IL-6Rα) which subsequently binds to the glycoprotein 130 (gp130) receptor creating a signal transducing hexameric receptor complex. Janus kinases (JAKs) are recruited and activated; activated JAKs, in turn, phosphorylate signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) for activation, leading to gene regulation. Constitutively active IL-6/JAK/STAT3 signaling drives cancer cell proliferation and invasiveness while suppressing apoptosis, and STAT3 enhances IL-6 signaling to promote a vicious inflammatory loop. Aberrant expression of IL-6 occurs in multiple cancer types and is associated with poor clinical prognosis and metastasis. In breast cancer, the IL-6 pathway is frequently activated, which can promote breast cancer metastasis while simultaneously suppressing the anti-tumor immune response. Given these important roles in human cancers, multiple components of the IL-6 pathway are promising targets for cancer therapeutics and are currently being evaluated preclinically and clinically for breast cancer. This review covers the current biological understanding of the IL-6 signaling pathway and its impact on breast cancer metastasis, as well as, therapeutic interventions that target components of the IL-6 pathway including: IL-6, IL-6Rα, gp130 receptor, JAKs, and STAT3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara G Manore
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Daniel L Doheny
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Grace L Wong
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Hui-Wen Lo
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States.,Wake Forest Baptist Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
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SINBAD, structural, experimental and clinical characterization of STAT inhibitors and their potential applications. Sci Data 2022; 9:139. [PMID: 35361787 PMCID: PMC8971479 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-022-01243-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The abnormal activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) protein family is recognized as cause or driving force behind multiple diseases progression. Therefore, searching for potential treatment strategy is pursued by multiple scientific groups. We consider that providing comprehensive, integrated and unified dataset for STAT inhibitory compounds may serve as important tool for other researchers. We developed SINBAD (STAT INhbitor Biology And Drug-ability) in response to our experience with inhibitory compound research, knowing that gathering detailed information is crucial for effective experiment design and also for finding potential solutions in case of obtaining inconclusive results. SINBAD is a curated database of STAT inhibitors which have been published and described in scientific articles providing prove of their inhibitory properties. It is a tool allowing easy analysis of experimental conditions and provides detailed information about known STAT inhibitory compounds.
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Wang H, Man Q, Huo F, Gao X, Lin H, Li S, Wang J, Su F, Cai, L, Shi Y, Liu, B, Bu L. STAT3 pathway in cancers: Past, present, and future. MedComm (Beijing) 2022; 3:e124. [PMID: 35356799 PMCID: PMC8942302 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), a member of the STAT family, discovered in the cytoplasm of almost all types of mammalian cells, plays a significant role in biological functions. The duration of STAT3 activation in normal tissues is a transient event and is strictly regulated. However, in cancer tissues, STAT3 is activated in an aberrant manner and is induced by certain cytokines. The continuous activation of STAT3 regulates the expression of downstream proteins associated with the formation, progression, and metastasis of cancers. Thus, elucidating the mechanisms of STAT3 regulation and designing inhibitors targeting the STAT3 pathway are considered promising strategies for cancer treatment. This review aims to introduce the history, research advances, and prospects concerning the STAT3 pathway in cancer. We review the mechanisms of STAT3 pathway regulation and the consequent cancer hallmarks associated with tumor biology that are induced by the STAT3 pathway. Moreover, we summarize the emerging development of inhibitors that target the STAT3 pathway and novel drug delivery systems for delivering these inhibitors. The barriers against targeting the STAT3 pathway, the focus of future research on promising targets in the STAT3 pathway, and our perspective on the overall utility of STAT3 pathway inhibitors in cancer treatment are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han‐Qi Wang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education School & Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan China
| | - Qi‐Wen Man
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education School & Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan China
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Head Neck Oncology School & Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan China
| | - Fang‐Yi Huo
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education School & Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan China
| | - Xin Gao
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education School & Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan China
| | - Hao Lin
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education School & Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan China
| | - Su‐Ran Li
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education School & Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan China
| | - Jing Wang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education School & Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan China
| | - Fu‐Chuan Su
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education School & Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan China
| | - Lulu Cai,
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Department of Pharmacy School of Medicine Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu China
| | - Yi Shi
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study and Department of Laboratory Medicine Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu China
| | - Bing Liu,
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education School & Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan China
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Head Neck Oncology School & Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan China
| | - Lin‐Lin Bu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education School & Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan China
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Head Neck Oncology School & Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan China
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34
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El-Tanani M, Al Khatib AO, Aladwan SM, Abuelhana A, McCarron PA, Tambuwala MM. Importance of STAT3 signalling in cancer, metastasis and therapeutic interventions. Cell Signal 2022; 92:110275. [PMID: 35122990 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2022.110275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3) protein is encoded on chromosome 17q21. The SH2 and the DNA binding domains are critical structural components of the protein, together with tyrosine and serine residues that initiate phosphorylation. STAT3 interacts with DNA directly and functions in cells as both a signal transducer and a transcription factor. Its cytoplasmic activation results in dimerisation and nuclear translocation, where it is involved in the transcription of a large number of target genes. STAT3 is hyperactive in cancer cells as a result of upstream STAT3 mutations or enhanced cytokine production in the tumour environment. The STAT3 signalling pathway promotes many hallmarks of carcinogenesis and metastasis, including enhanced cell proliferation and survival, as well as migration and invasion into the extracellular matrix. Recent investigations into novel STAT3-based therapies describe a range of innovative approaches, such as the use of novel oligonucleotide drugs. These limit STAT3 binding to its target genes by attaching to SH2 and DNA-binding domains. Yet, despite these significant steps in understanding the underpinning mechanisms, there are currently no therapeutic agents that addresses STAT3 signalling in a clinically relevant manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed El-Tanani
- Pharmacological and Diagnostic Research Centre, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Amman, Jordan; Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Grosvenor Road, Belfast BT12 6BJ, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom; Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, United Kingdom.
| | - Arwa Omar Al Khatib
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Grosvenor Road, Belfast BT12 6BJ, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Safwan Mahmoud Aladwan
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Grosvenor Road, Belfast BT12 6BJ, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Ahmed Abuelhana
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Paul A McCarron
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Murtaza M Tambuwala
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom..
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Abstract
The Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathway was discovered more than a quarter-century ago. As a fulcrum of many vital cellular processes, the JAK/STAT pathway constitutes a rapid membrane-to-nucleus signaling module and induces the expression of various critical mediators of cancer and inflammation. Growing evidence suggests that dysregulation of the JAK/STAT pathway is associated with various cancers and autoimmune diseases. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge about the composition, activation, and regulation of the JAK/STAT pathway. Moreover, we highlight the role of the JAK/STAT pathway and its inhibitors in various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, P. R. China
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Development and Related Disease of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Maorong Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Xia Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, P. R. China.
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Development and Related Disease of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, P. R. China.
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, P. R. China.
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36
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Hu X, Li J, Fu M, Zhao X, Wang W. The JAK/STAT signaling pathway: from bench to clinic. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:402. [PMID: 34824210 PMCID: PMC8617206 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-021-00791-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 698] [Impact Index Per Article: 232.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathway was discovered more than a quarter-century ago. As a fulcrum of many vital cellular processes, the JAK/STAT pathway constitutes a rapid membrane-to-nucleus signaling module and induces the expression of various critical mediators of cancer and inflammation. Growing evidence suggests that dysregulation of the JAK/STAT pathway is associated with various cancers and autoimmune diseases. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge about the composition, activation, and regulation of the JAK/STAT pathway. Moreover, we highlight the role of the JAK/STAT pathway and its inhibitors in various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, P. R. China
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Development and Related Disease of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Maorong Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Xia Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, P. R. China.
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Development and Related Disease of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, P. R. China.
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, P. R. China.
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Kasembeli MM, Singhmar P, Ma J, Edralin J, Tang Y, Adams C, Heijnen CJ, Kavelaars A, Tweardy DJ. TTI-101: A competitive inhibitor of STAT3 that spares oxidative phosphorylation and reverses mechanical allodynia in mouse models of neuropathic pain. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 192:114688. [PMID: 34274354 PMCID: PMC8478865 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (STAT) 3 emerged rapidly as a high-value target for treatment of cancer. However, small-molecule STAT3 inhibitors have been slow to enter the clinic due, in part, to serious adverse events (SAE), including lactic acidosis and peripheral neuropathy, which have been attributed to inhibition of STAT3's mitochondrial function. Our group developed TTI-101, a competitive inhibitor of STAT3 that targets the receptor pY705-peptide binding site within the Src homology 2 (SH2) domain to block its recruitment and activation. TTI-101 has shown target engagement, no toxicity, and evidence of clinical benefit in a Phase I study in patients with solid tumors. Here we report that TTI-101 did not affect mitochondrial function, nor did it cause STAT3 aggregation, chemically modify STAT3 or cause neuropathic pain. Instead, TTI-101 unexpectedly suppressed neuropathic pain induced by chemotherapy or in a spared nerve injury model. Thus, in addition to its direct anti-tumor effect, TTI-101 may be of benefit when administered to cancer patients at risk of developing chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN).
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Affiliation(s)
- Moses M Kasembeli
- The Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control & Employee Health, Division of Internal Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030-4009, United States
| | - Pooja Singhmar
- The Department of Symptom Research, Division of Internal Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030-4009, United States
| | - Jiacheng Ma
- The Department of Symptom Research, Division of Internal Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030-4009, United States
| | - Jules Edralin
- The Department of Symptom Research, Division of Internal Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030-4009, United States
| | - Yongfu Tang
- The Department of Symptom Research, Division of Internal Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030-4009, United States
| | - Clydell Adams
- The Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control & Employee Health, Division of Internal Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030-4009, United States
| | - Cobi J Heijnen
- The Department of Symptom Research, Division of Internal Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030-4009, United States
| | - Annemieke Kavelaars
- The Department of Symptom Research, Division of Internal Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030-4009, United States
| | - David J Tweardy
- The Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control & Employee Health, Division of Internal Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030-4009, United States.
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IL-6 enhances CD4 cell motility by sustaining mitochondrial Ca 2+ through the noncanonical STAT3 pathway. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2103444118. [PMID: 34507993 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2103444118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin 6 (IL-6) is known to regulate the CD4 T cell function by inducing gene expression of a number of cytokines through activation of Stat3 transcription factor. Here, we reveal that IL-6 strengthens the mechanics of CD4 T cells. The presence of IL-6 during activation of mouse and human CD4 T cells enhances their motility (random walk and exploratory spread), resulting in an increase in travel distance and higher velocity. This is an intrinsic effect of IL-6 on CD4 T-cell fitness that involves an increase in mitochondrial Ca2+ Although Stat3 transcriptional activity is dispensable for this process, IL-6 uses mitochondrial Stat3 to enhance mitochondrial Ca2+-mediated motility of CD4 T cells. Thus, through a noncanonical pathway, IL-6 can improve competitive fitness of CD4 T cells by facilitating cell motility. These results could lead to alternative therapeutic strategies for inflammatory diseases in which IL-6 plays a pathogenic role.
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Li WZ, Xi HZ, Wang YJ, Ma HB, Cheng ZQ, Yang Y, Wu ML, Liu TM, Yang W, Wang Q, Liao MY, Xia Y, Zhang YW. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of benzo[b]thiophene 1,1-dioxide derivatives as potent STAT3 inhibitors. Chem Biol Drug Des 2021; 98:835-849. [PMID: 34416096 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
As a member of the signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) family, STAT3 plays a critical role in several biological pathways such as cell proliferation, migration, survival, and differentiation. Due to abnormal continuous activation in tumors, inhibition of STAT3 has emerged as an attractive approach for the treatment of various cancer cells. Herein, we report a series of novel STAT3 inhibitors based on benzo[b]thiophene 1,1-dioxide scaffold and evaluated their anticancer potency. Among them, compound 8b exhibited the best activity against cancer cells. Compound 8b induced apoptosis and blocked the cell cycle. Meanwhile, 8b reduced intracellular ROS content and caused the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. Further research revealed that 8b significantly blocked STAT3 phosphorylation and STAT3-dependent dual-luciferase reporter gene experiments showed that compound 8b has a marked inhibition of STAT3-mediated Firefly luciferase activity. Molecular modeling studies revealed compound 8b occupied the pocket well with the SH2 domain in a favorable conformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Zhen Li
- Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hui-Zhi Xi
- Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi-Jie Wang
- Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong-Bo Ma
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yu Yang
- Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Meng-Ling Wu
- Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ting-Mei Liu
- Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wen Yang
- Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qin Wang
- Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Meng-Ya Liao
- Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong Xia
- Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi-Wen Zhang
- Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Kim L, Park SA, Park H, Kim H, Heo TH. Bazedoxifene, a GP130 Inhibitor, Modulates EMT Signaling and Exhibits Antitumor Effects in HPV-Positive Cervical Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168693. [PMID: 34445405 PMCID: PMC8395523 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Persistent HPV (Human Papillomavirus) infection is the primary cause of cervical cancer. Despite the development of the HPV vaccine to prevent infections, cervical cancer is still a fatal malignant tumor and metastatic disease, and it is often difficult to treat, so a new treatment strategy is needed. The FDA-approved drug Bazedoxifene is a novel inhibitor of protein–protein interactions between IL-6 and GP130. Multiple ligand simultaneous docking and drug repositioning approaches have demonstrated that an IL-6/GP130 inhibitor can act as a selective estrogen modulator. However, the molecular basis for GP130 activation in cervical cancer remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the anticancer properties of Bazedoxifene in HPV-positive cervical cancer cells. In vitro and in vivo experiments showed that Bazedoxifene inhibited cell invasion, migration, colony formation, and tumor growth in cervical cancer cells. We also confirmed that Bazedoxifene inhibits the GP130/STAT3 pathway and suppresses the EMT (Epithelial-mesenchymal transition) sub-signal. Thus, these data not only suggest a molecular mechanism by which the GP130/STAT3 pathway may promote cancer, but also may provide a basis for cervical cancer replacement therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Heejung Kim
- Correspondence: (H.K.); (T.-H.H.); Tel.: +82-2-2164-4088 (T.-H.H. & H.K.)
| | - Tae-Hwe Heo
- Correspondence: (H.K.); (T.-H.H.); Tel.: +82-2-2164-4088 (T.-H.H. & H.K.)
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41
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Wang Z, Hui C, Xie Y. Natural STAT3 inhibitors: A mini perspective. Bioorg Chem 2021; 115:105169. [PMID: 34333418 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) plays pivotal role in several cellular processes such as cell proliferation and survival and has been found to be aberrantly activated in many cancers. STAT3 is largely believed to be one of the key oncogenes and crucial therapeutic targets. Much research has suggested the leading mechanisms for regulating the STAT3 pathway and its role in promoting tumorigenesis. Therefore, intensive efforts have been devoted to develop potent STAT3 inhibitors and several of them are currently undergoing clinical trials. Nevertheless, many natural products were identified as STAT3 inhibitors but attract less attention compared to the small molecule counterpart. In this review, the development of natural STAT3 inhibitors with an emphasis on their biological profile and chemical synthesis are detailed. The current state of STAT3 inhibitors and the future directions and opportunities for STAT3 inhibitor are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Wang
- Southern University of Science and Technology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chunngai Hui
- Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yusheng Xie
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
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42
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Gu C, Upchurch K, Horton J, Wiest M, Zurawski S, Millard M, Kane RR, Joo H, Miller LA, Oh S. Dectin-1 Controls TSLP-Induced Th2 Response by Regulating STAT3, STAT6, and p50-RelB Activities in Dendritic Cells. Front Immunol 2021; 12:678036. [PMID: 34305908 PMCID: PMC8293820 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.678036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The epithelium-associated cytokine thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) can induce OX40L and CCL17 expression by myeloid dendritic cells (mDCs), which contributes to aberrant Th2-type immune responses. Herein, we report that such TSLP-induced Th2-type immune response can be effectively controlled by Dectin-1, a C-type lectin receptor expressed by mDCs. Dectin-1 stimulation induced STAT3 activation and decreased the transcriptional activity of p50-RelB, both of which resulted in reduced OX40L expression on TSLP-activated mDCs. Dectin-1 stimulation also suppressed TSLP-induced STAT6 activation, resulting in decreased expression of the Th2 chemoattractant CCL17. We further demonstrated that Dectin-1 activation was capable of suppressing ragweed allergen (Amb a 1)-specific Th2-type T cell response in allergy patients ex vivo and house dust mite allergen (Der p 1)-specific IgE response in non-human primates in vivo. Collectively, this study provides a molecular explanation of Dectin-1-mediated suppression of Th2-type inflammatory responses and suggests Dectin-1 as a target for controlling Th2-type inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Gu
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, United States
| | - Katherine Upchurch
- Institute of Biomedical Studies, Baylor University, Waco, TX, United States
| | - Joshua Horton
- Institute of Biomedical Studies, Baylor University, Waco, TX, United States
| | - Mathew Wiest
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, United States.,Institute of Biomedical Studies, Baylor University, Waco, TX, United States
| | | | - Mark Millard
- Department of Pulmonology, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Robert R Kane
- Institute of Biomedical Studies, Baylor University, Waco, TX, United States.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, Waco, TX, United States
| | - HyeMee Joo
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, United States.,Institute of Biomedical Studies, Baylor University, Waco, TX, United States
| | - Lisa A Miller
- California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - SangKon Oh
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, United States.,Institute of Biomedical Studies, Baylor University, Waco, TX, United States
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43
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Liu J, Chen H, Kaniskan HÜ, Xie L, Chen X, Jin J, Wei W. TF-PROTACs Enable Targeted Degradation of Transcription Factors. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:8902-8910. [PMID: 34100597 PMCID: PMC8225582 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c03852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Transcription factors (TFs) represent a major class of therapeutic targets for the treatment of human diseases including cancer. Although the biological functions and even crystal structures of many TFs have been clearly elucidated, there is still no viable approach to target the majority of TFs, thus rendering them undruggable for decades. PROTACs (proteolysis targeting chimeras) emerge as a powerful class of therapeutic modalities, which rely on induced protein-protein interactions between the proteins of interest (POIs) and E3 ubiquitin ligases to aid the degradation of POIs by the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS). Here, we report the development of a platform termed TF-PROTAC, which links an DNA oligonucleotide to an E3 ligase ligand via a click reaction, to selectively degrade the TF of interest. The selectivity of these TF-PROTACs depends on the DNA oligonucleotides utilized that can be specific to the TFs of interest. We have developed two series of VHL-based TF-PROTACs, NF-κB-PROTAC (dNF-κB) and E2F-PROTAC (dE2F), which effectively degrade endogenous p65 and E2F1 proteins in cells, respectively, and subsequently display superior antiproliferative effects in cells. Collectively, our results suggest that TF-PROTACs provide a generalizable platform to achieve selective degradation of TFs and a universal strategy for targeting most "undruggable" TFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - He Chen
- Mount Sinai Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Departments of Pharmacological Sciences and Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - H Ümit Kaniskan
- Mount Sinai Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Departments of Pharmacological Sciences and Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Ling Xie
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Xian Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Jian Jin
- Mount Sinai Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Departments of Pharmacological Sciences and Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Wenyi Wei
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
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44
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Jin J, Li Y, Zhao Q, Chen Y, Fu S, Wu J. Coordinated regulation of immune contexture: crosstalk between STAT3 and immune cells during breast cancer progression. Cell Commun Signal 2021; 19:50. [PMID: 33957948 PMCID: PMC8101191 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-021-00705-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent insights into the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying cancer development have revealed the tumor microenvironment (TME) immune cells to functionally affect the development and progression of breast cancer. However, insufficient evidence of TME immune modulators limit the clinical application of immunotherapy for advanced and metastatic breast cancers. Intercellular STAT3 activation of immune cells plays a central role in breast cancer TME immunosuppression and distant metastasis. Accumulating evidence suggests that targeting STAT3 and/or in combination with radiotherapy may enhance anti-cancer immune responses and rescue the systemic immunologic microenvironment in breast cancer. Indeed, apart from its oncogenic role in tumor cells, the functions of STAT3 in TME of breast cancer involve multiple types of immunosuppression and is associated with tumor cell metastasis. In this review, we summarize the available information on the functions of STAT3-related immune cells in TME of breast cancer, as well as the specific upstream and downstream targets. Additionally, we provide insights about the potential immunosuppression mechanisms of each type of evaluated immune cells. Video abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Jin
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qijie Zhao
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Center of Excellence for Molecular Imaging (CEMI), Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.,Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaozhi Fu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
| | - JingBo Wu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China. .,Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China. .,Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
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45
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Jasek-Gajda E, Jurkowska H, JasiŃska M, Litwin JA, Lis GJ. Combination of ERK2 and STAT3 Inhibitors Promotes Anticancer Effects on Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Cells. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2021; 17:517-527. [PMID: 32859630 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Deregulated activation of signaling through the RAS/RAF/mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK) and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathways is involved in numerous hematological malignancies, making it an attractive therapeutic target. This study aimed to assess the effect of the combination of ERK2 inhibitor VX-11e and STAT3 inhibitor STA-21 on acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell lines REH and MOLT-4. MATERIALS AND METHODS REH and MOLT-4 cell lines were cultured with each drug alone and in combination. Cell viability, ERK activity, cell cycle distribution, apoptosis and oxidative stress induction were assessed by flow cytometry. Protein levels of STAT3, phospho-STAT3, protein tyrosine phosphatase 4A3 (PTP4A3), survivin, p53 and p21 were determined by western blotting. RESULTS VX-11e in combination with STA-21 significantly inhibited cell viability, induced G0/G1 cell-cycle arrest, enhanced production of reactive oxygen species, and induced apoptosis. These effects were associated with an increased level of p21 protein in REH cells and with reduced levels of phopho-STAT3, survivin and PTP4A3 proteins in MOLT-4 cells. CONCLUSION Our findings provide a rationale for combined inhibition of RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK and STAT3 pathways in order to enhance anticancer effects against acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Jasek-Gajda
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Halina Jurkowska
- Chair of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - MaŁgorzata JasiŃska
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Jan A Litwin
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Grzegorz J Lis
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
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Novel STAT3 small-molecule inhibitors identified by structure-based virtual ligand screening incorporating SH2 domain flexibility. Pharmacol Res 2021; 169:105637. [PMID: 33932608 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Efforts to develop STAT3 inhibitors have focused on its SH2 domain starting with short phosphotyrosylated peptides based on STAT3 binding motifs, e.g. pY905LPQTV within gp130. Despite binding to STAT3 with high affinity, issues regarding stability, bioavailability, and membrane permeability of these peptides, as well as peptidomimetics such as CJ-887, have limited their further clinical development and led to interest in small-molecule inhibitors. Some small molecule STAT3 inhibitors, identified using structure-based virtual ligand screening (SB-VLS); while having favorable drug-like properties, suffer from weak binding affinities, possibly due to the high flexibility of the target domain. We conducted molecular dynamic (MD) simulations of the SH2 domain in complex with CJ-887, and used an averaged structure from this MD trajectory as an "induced-active site" receptor model for SB-VLS of 110,000 compounds within the SPEC database. Screening was followed by re-docking and re-scoring of the top 30% of hits, selection for hit compounds that directly interact with pY + 0 binding pocket residues R609 and S613, and testing for STAT3 targeting in vitro, which identified two lead hits with good activity and favorable drug-like properties. Unlike most small-molecule STAT3 inhibitors previously identified, which contain negatively-charged moieties that mediate binding to the pY + 0 binding pocket, these compounds are uncharged and likely will serve as better candidates for anti-STAT3 drug development. IMPLICATIONS: SB-VLS, using an averaged structure from molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of STAT3 SH2 domain in a complex with CJ-887, a known peptidomimetic binder, identify two highly potent, neutral, low-molecular weight STAT3-inhibitors with favorable drug-like properties.
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47
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Srinivas R, Verma N, Kraka E, Larson EC. Deep Learning-Based Ligand Design Using Shared Latent Implicit Fingerprints from Collaborative Filtering. J Chem Inf Model 2021; 61:2159-2174. [PMID: 33899481 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.0c01355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In their previous work, Srinivas et al. [ J. Cheminf. 2018, 10, 56] have shown that implicit fingerprints capture ligands and proteins in a shared latent space, typically for the purposes of virtual screening with collaborative filtering models applied on known bioactivity data. In this work, we extend these implicit fingerprints/descriptors using deep learning techniques to translate latent descriptors into discrete representations of molecules (SMILES), without explicitly optimizing for chemical properties. This allows the design of new compounds based upon the latent representation of nearby proteins, thereby encoding druglike properties including binding affinities to known proteins. The implicit descriptor method does not require any fingerprint similarity search, which makes the method free of any bias arising from the empirical nature of the fingerprint models [Srinivas, R.; J. Cheminf. 2018, 10, 56]. We evaluate the properties of the potentially novel drugs generated by our approach using physical properties of druglike molecules and chemical complexity. Additionally, we analyze the reliability of the biological activity of the new compounds generated using this method by employing models of protein-ligand interaction, which assists in assessing the potential binding affinity of the designed compounds. We find that the generated compounds exhibit properties of chemically feasible compounds and are predicted to be excellent binders to known proteins. Furthermore, we also analyze the diversity of compounds created using the Tanimoto distance and conclude that there is a wide diversity in the generated compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghuram Srinivas
- Department of Computer Science, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75205, United States
| | - Niraj Verma
- Department of Chemistry, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75205, United States
| | - Elfi Kraka
- Department of Chemistry, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75205, United States
| | - Eric C Larson
- Department of Computer Science, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75205, United States
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Zafar E, Maqbool MF, Iqbal A, Maryam A, Shakir HA, Irfan M, Khan M, Li Y, Ma T. A comprehensive review on anticancer mechanism of bazedoxifene. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2021; 69:767-782. [PMID: 33759222 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is counted as a second leading cause of death among nontransmissible diseases. Identification of novel anticancer drugs is therefore necessary for the effective treatment of cancer. Conventional drug discovery is time consuming and expensive process. Unlike conventional drug discovery, drug repositioning offers a novel strategy for urgent drug discovery since it is a cost-effective and faster process. Bazedoxifene (BZA) is a synthetic selective estrogen receptor modulator, approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. BZA is now being studied for its anticancer activity in various cancers including breast cancer, liver cancer, pancreatic cancer, colon cancer, head and neck cancer, medulloblastoma, brain cancer, and gastrointestinal cancer. Studies have reported that BZA is effective in reducing cancer progression through multiple mechanisms. BZA could effectively inhibit STAT3, PI3K/AKT, and MAPK signaling pathways and induce apoptosis. In addition to its anticancer activity as monotherapy, BZA has been shown to enhance the chemotherapeutic efficacy of clinical drugs such as paclitaxel, cisplatin, palbociclib, and oxaliplatin in multiple neoplasms. This review mainly focused on the anticancer activity, cellular targets, and anticancer mechanism of BZA, which may help the further design and conduct of research and repositioning it for oncological clinic trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erum Zafar
- Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Asia Iqbal
- Department of Wild Life and Ecology, University of Veternary and Animal Sciences, Ravi Campus, Patoki, Pakistan
| | - Amara Maryam
- Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Abdullah Shakir
- Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Irfan
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Khan
- Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Yongming Li
- School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Tonghui Ma
- School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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Lee LL, Kim SJ, Hahn YI, Jang JH, Saeidi S, Surh YJ. Stabilization of C/EBPβ through direct interaction with STAT3 in H-Ras transformed human mammary epithelial cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 546:130-137. [PMID: 33582555 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) plays important roles in cancer-associated inflammation by controlling expression of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Recent studies suggest that C/EBPβ (CCAAT-enhancer binding protein beta) and STAT3 synergistically stimulate cancer cell proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. C/EBPβ is a leucine-zipper transcription factor that regulates expression of a variety of inflammatory cytokines or chemokines, such as IL-8, G-CSF (granulocyte colony stimulating factor), and GM-CSF (granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor) which induce neutrophil infiltration and differentiation. However, molecular mechanisms by which STAT3 and C/EBPβ cooperatively interact had not been fully elucidated. In this study, we found that the level of C/EBPβ protein, but not that of its mRNA transcript, was decreased in the absence of STAT3 in H-Ras transformed human mammary epithelial (H-Ras MCF10A) cells. In addition, silencing STAT3 dramatically induced ubiquitination of C/EBPβ for proteasomal degradation. Furthermore, direct interaction between STAT3 and C/EBPβ was confirmed by immunoprecipitation and proximity ligation assays. Taken together, these results suggest that STAT3 stabilizes C/EBPβ, thereby promoting cancer-associated inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lil-Li Lee
- Tumor Microenvironment Global Core Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Su-Jung Kim
- Tumor Microenvironment Global Core Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Young-Il Hahn
- Tumor Microenvironment Global Core Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea; Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Jeong-Hoon Jang
- Tumor Microenvironment Global Core Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Soma Saeidi
- Tumor Microenvironment Global Core Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea; Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Young-Joon Surh
- Tumor Microenvironment Global Core Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea; Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080, South Korea.
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Kim SJ, Cho NC, Han B, Kim K, Hahn YI, Kim KP, Suh YG, Choi BY, Na HK, Surh YJ. 15-Deoxy-Δ 12,14 -prostaglandin J 2 binds and inactivates STAT3 via covalent modification of cysteine 259 in H-Ras-transformed human breast epithelial cells. FEBS Lett 2021; 595:604-622. [PMID: 33452674 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) has been considered as a potential target for development of anticancer therapeutics. Here, we report a novel mechanism by which the cyclopentenone prostaglandin, 15-deoxy-Δ12,14 -prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2 ) functions as an allosteric inhibitor of STAT3. 15d-PGJ2 inhibits phosphorylation, dimerization, nuclear translocation, and transcriptional activity of STAT3 in H-Ras-transformed human mammary epithelial cells (MCF10A-Ras) through the Michael addition reaction at cysteine 259 of STAT3. Comparative studies with 15d-PGJ2 analogues reveal that both C12-C13 and C9-C10 double bonds conjugated to the carbonyl group in the cyclopentenone ring of 15d-PGJ2 are essential for STAT3 binding. Antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic activities of 15d-PGJ2 in MCF10A-Ras cells are attributable to covalent modification of STAT3 on Cys259, and mimic the effects induced by mutation of this amino acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Jung Kim
- Tumor Microenvironment Global Core Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Korea
| | - Nam-Chul Cho
- Center for Neuro-Medicine, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Korea
| | - Bitnara Han
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Institute of Natural Science, Global Center for Pharmaceutical Ingredient Materials, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Korea
| | - Kyeojin Kim
- Tumor Microenvironment Global Core Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Korea
| | - Young-Il Hahn
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Korea
| | - Kwang Pyo Kim
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Institute of Natural Science, Global Center for Pharmaceutical Ingredient Materials, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Korea.,Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Kyung Hee Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Ger Suh
- College of Pharmacy, CHA University, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Bu Young Choi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science and Engineering, School of Convergence Bioscience and Technology, Seowon University, Chungbuk, Korea
| | - Hye-Kyung Na
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Knowledge Based Services Engineering, Sungshin Women's University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Joon Surh
- Tumor Microenvironment Global Core Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Korea.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Korea
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