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Nazir S. Re/Ir@Os-doping induced insulator-to-metal transition in Mott-insulator Ca 2FeOsO 6: octahedral distortion effects. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:14384-14392. [PMID: 38712613 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp00746h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Regardless of several investigations to elucidate the ground state of the strongly correlated electron systems in doped Mott-insulators (MIs), the origin of the doping-induced insulator-to-metal transition (IMT) remains a crucial and debatable subject in solid-state physics. Herein, we explore the consequences of Re/Ir-doping at the Os-site (Re/Ir@Os), on the physical properties of the MI ferrimagnetic (FiM) Ca2FeOsO6 double perovskite oxides using density functional theory calculations. The doped structures' solidity is analyzed by computing the defect formation energies in terms of the dopant-rich situation, which confirms their growth credibility at ambient conditions along with mechanical and dynamical stabilities. Various FiM spin-ordering is taken into account in the doped structures to analyze the magnetic ground state, which is FiM-I/FiM-II in the Re/Ir@Os-doped system. Remarkably, an IMT is predicted in the Re/Ir@Os-doped structures, which is due to the admixture of the partially occupied 5d orbitals of these ions. The calculated partial spin magnetic moments (ms) of +4.12, -1.58, -0.75 and +0.88μB on the Fe, Os, Re, and Ir ions, endorse the +3, +5, +5, and +4 states having electronic configurations of t32g↑t02g↓e2g↑e0g↓, t32g↑t02g↓e0g↑e0g↓, t22g↑t02g↓e0g↑e0g↓, t32g↑t22g↓e0g↑e0g↓, respectively. The "+" and "-" signs on the ions ms values, lead the systems into various FiM magnetic ordering. Moreover, the estimated Curie temperature (TC) using the Heisenberg model in the pristine structure is 334 K, which is close to the experimentally observed value of 320 K along with a colossal uniaxial magneto crystalline anisotropy energy constant (K) of 2.95 × 107 erg cm-3 having the easy magnetic axis of the ac-plane ([101]). It is established that TC/K reduces and enhances to 298 K/1.33 × 107 erg cm-3 and 365 K/4.71 × 107 erg cm-3 for the Re@Os and Ir@Os-doped motif due to an increase and decrease in the octahedral distortions compared to that of the pristine system, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Nazir
- Department of Physics, University of Sargodha, 40100 Sargodha, Pakistan.
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Nazir S. Insulator-to-metal transition, magnetic anisotropy, and improved TC in a ferrimagnetic La 2CoIrO 6: strain influence. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:5002-5009. [PMID: 38258460 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp04755e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
The elegant interactions between Coulomb repulsion and spin-orbit coupling in Ir-based double perovskite oxides (DPO) normally induce peculiar magnetic behavior. Herein, we investigate the effect of the development of biaxial [110] strain on the formation energetics, and electronic and magnetic properties of the La2CoIrO6 DPO employing density functional theory calculations. Our results reveal that the unstrained motif is a Mott-insulator achieving an energy band gap of 0.35 eV with a ferrimagnetic (FiM) ground state, which essentially arises due to anti-ferromagnetic (AFM) coupling between the half-occupied Co t2g and partially occupied Ir t2g/empty eg orbitals via oxygen 2p states. Along with this, it is found that [001] (c-axis) is the easy magnetic axis, which results in 12.5 meV total energy per u.c., obtaining a large anisotropy constant of 0.8 × 108 erg cm-3. The computed partial spin-magnetic moments on the Co/Ir ion are 2.64/-0.46 μB, where the negative sign on the Ir ion moment confirms the AFM interactions between them. Additionally, the t2g/eg and t2g orbital characteristics of Co2+ and Ir4+ ions are visible in the spin-magnetization density isosurfaces plot, respectively. Likewise, the estimated Curie temperature (TC) using the Heisenberg model is 104 K, which is in agreement with the experimentally observed value of 94/97 K. Interestingly, an insulator-to-metal transition is achieved at a critical compressive strain of -6% with a robust FiM state, where the Co 3dxy and Ir 5dx2-y2 orbitals are mainly responsible for metallicity. Simultaneously, the magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy and TC can be sufficiently enhanced by applying compressive strain due to enhancement in the structural distortions. So this work suggested that the strain strategy is an efficient approach to tuning the properties of the compounds for their feasible realization in spintronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Nazir
- Department of Physics, University of Sargodha, 40100 Sargodha, Pakistan.
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Khan MT, Mehmood S, Arslan M, Azhar M, Asad T, Raziq F, Liaqat S, Gondal MA, Rauf M, Nazir S, Faran G, Abbasi F, Farooq Z, Iqbal ZM, Qumar M, Wadood F, Raja IH, Ali H, Abbas G, Bughio E, Magsi AS, Younas U, Arshad MA, Rehman MF. Organoleptic characteristics and compositional profile of meat of growing Japanese quail fed different levels of poultry byproducts compost. BRAZ J BIOL 2023; 83:e274040. [PMID: 37937627 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.274040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The poultry industry generates a lot of waste, including dead birds, manure, and poultry litter. Poultry waste should never be disposed of improperly because it can seriously harm the environment. The waste can be recycled as a feedstock for use in poultry feed by composting the litter and deceased birds. The compositional profile and organoleptic properties of the meat of growing Japanese quail were examined over the course of a 4-week trial to ascertain the effect of adding compost to the diet. In a completely randomized design (CRD), 1200 newly hatched quail chicks (Coturnix coturnix japonica) were divided into five treatment groups (diets with 0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10% compost), each consisting of 40 birds with six replicates. The addition of compost to the diet had no noticeable effects on the organoleptic qualities of appearance, color, aroma, taste, texture, juiciness, tenderness, and acceptability (P>0.05). The compositional profile characteristics for chicks given compost at any level compared to chicks fed the control diet showed no differences (P>0.05). These findings suggest that the sensory characteristics and compositional profile of growing meat quails can be maintained when fed diets including up to 10% compost.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Khan
- Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Animal Production and Technology, Department of Poultry Science, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - S Mehmood
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Animal Production and Technology, Department of Poultry Production, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M Arslan
- Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Animal Production and Technology, Department of Poultry Science, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - M Azhar
- Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Animal Production and Technology, Department of Poultry Science, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - T Asad
- Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Animal Production and Technology, Department of Poultry Science, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - F Raziq
- Livestock and Dairy Development Department (Extension), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - S Liaqat
- The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - M A Gondal
- Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Institute of Continuing Education and Extension, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - M Rauf
- Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Department of Pathology, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - S Nazir
- Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Animal Production and Technology, Department of Meat Technology, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - G Faran
- The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Institute of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Department of Biochemistry, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - F Abbasi
- The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Z Farooq
- Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biosciences, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Z M Iqbal
- Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Animal Production and Technology, Department of Livestock Management, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - M Qumar
- Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Animal Production and Technology, Department of Animal Nutrition, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - F Wadood
- Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - I H Raja
- Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Animal Production and Technology, Department of Animal Nutrition, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - H Ali
- Office of Human and Animal Food Operation , Food Safety Officer, Springfield, IL, USA
| | - G Abbas
- Riphah College of Veterinary Sciences, Department of Animal Production, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - E Bughio
- Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Poultry Production, Sakrand, Pakistan
| | - A S Magsi
- Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Dairy Technology, Sakrand, Pakistan
| | - U Younas
- Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Animal Production and Technology, Department of Livestock Management, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - M A Arshad
- Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Animal Production and Technology, Department of Poultry Science, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - M F Rehman
- Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Animal Production and Technology, Department of Poultry Science, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
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Khan MT, Mehmood S, Asad T, Azhar M, Arslan M, Raziq F, Liaqat S, Raja IH, Gondal MA, Rauf M, Nazir S, Faran G, Nisa Q, Abbasi F, Farooq Z, Iqbal ZM, Qumar M, Wadood F, Abbas G, Bughio E, Magsi AS, Younas U, Arshad MA. Assessing effect of feeding poultry byproducts compost on organoleptic characteristics and compositional profile of meat of broiler chickens. BRAZ J BIOL 2023; 83:e275633. [PMID: 37937630 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.275633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Large amounts of waste, including dead birds, manure, and poultry litter, are produced by the poultry industry. Poultry waste should be disposed of properly to avoid major pollution and health risks. Composting litter and dead birds could be an option to recycle the waste and use in poultry feed. A study was conducted to investigate the effects of feeding composted poultry waste on the organoleptic qualities and compositional profile of the meat of broiler chickens. A total of 300 day-old broiler chicks (500-Cobb) were randomly allocated to five treatment groups replicated six times with 10 birds each, under a completely randomized design (CRD). Five iso-caloric and iso-nitrogenous diets including composted poultry byproducts at concentrations of 0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10% were fed ad libitum to the birds from day 0 to day 35. The sensory grading and meat composition profile of 500 Cobb broiler chickens were tested at 35 days of age. The findings showed that there were no variations in the sensory profiles of the meat from birds given various diets (P>0.05). Although the results were somewhat lower for the chicks fed compost-containing diets than for the control group, this difference was deemed to be insignificant (P>0.05). Similarly, there were no variations in the compositional profile values of the meat between meat from birds fed various diets (P>0.05). These findings imply that broiler chickens may be raised on diets containing up to 10% poultry byproduct compost without any negative impacts on the meat's sensory quality or composition. Additionally, using compost into broiler diets may help to lower the cost of feed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Khan
- Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Animal Production and Technology, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - S Mehmood
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Poultry Production, Faculty of Animal Production and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - T Asad
- Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Animal Production and Technology, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - M Azhar
- Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Animal Production and Technology, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - M Arslan
- Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Animal Production and Technology, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - F Raziq
- Livestock and Dairy Development Department (Extension), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - S Liaqat
- The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - I H Raja
- Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Animal Production and Technology, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - M A Gondal
- Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Institute of Continuing Education and Extension, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - M Rauf
- Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Department of Pathology, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - S Nazir
- Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Animal Production and Technology, Department of Meat Technology, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - G Faran
- The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Q Nisa
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Pathology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - F Abbasi
- The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Faculty of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Department of Zoology, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Z Farooq
- Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Biosciences, Department of Zoology, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Z M Iqbal
- Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Animal Production and Technology, Department of Livestock Management, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - M Qumar
- Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Animal Production and Technology, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - F Wadood
- Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Department of Theriogenology, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - G Abbas
- Riphah College of Veterinary Sciences, Department of Animal Production, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - E Bughio
- Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Poultry Production, Sakrand, Pakistan
| | - A S Magsi
- Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Dairy Technology, Sakrand, Pakistan
| | - U Younas
- Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Animal Production and Technology, Department of Livestock Management, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - M A Arshad
- Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Animal Production and Technology, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
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Jawad M, Adnan A, Rehman RA, Nazir S, Adeyemo OA, Amer SAM, Hadi S, Liu F, Wang CC, Rakha A. Evaluation of facial hair-associated SNPs: a pilot study on male Pakistani Punjabi population. Forensic Sci Med Pathol 2023; 19:293-302. [PMID: 35994154 DOI: 10.1007/s12024-022-00515-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Variation in facial hair is one of the most conspicuous features of facial appearance, particularly in South Asia and Middle East countries. A genome-wide association study in Latin Americans has identified multiple genetic variants at distinct loci being associated with facial hair traits including eyebrow thickness, beard thickness, and monobrow. In this pilot study, we have evaluated 16 SNPs associated with facial hair traits in 58 male individuals from the Punjabi population of Pakistan. In our sample, rs365060 in EDAR and rs12597422 in FTO showed significant association with monobrow, rs6684877 in MACF1 showed significant association with eyebrow thickness, and two SNPs in LOC105379031 (rs9654415 and rs7702331) showed significant association with beard thickness. Our results also suggest that genetic association may vary between ethnic groups and geographic regions. Although more data are needed to validate our results, our findings are of value in forensic molecular photofitting research in Pakistan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Jawad
- Department of Forensic Sciences, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Atif Adnan
- Department of Anthropology and Ethnology, Institute of Anthropology, School of Sociology and Anthropology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
- Department of Forensic Sciences, College of Criminal Justice, Naif Arab University of Security Sciences, Riyadh, 11452, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Rahat Abdul Rehman
- Department of Forensic Sciences, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Nazir
- Department of Forensic Sciences, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Oyenike A Adeyemo
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, University of Lagos, AkokaLagos, Yaba, Nigeria
| | - S A M Amer
- Department of Forensic Sciences, College of Criminal Justice, Naif Arab University of Security Sciences, Riyadh, 11452, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sibte Hadi
- Department of Forensic Sciences, College of Criminal Justice, Naif Arab University of Security Sciences, Riyadh, 11452, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Fan Liu
- Department of Forensic Sciences, College of Criminal Justice, Naif Arab University of Security Sciences, Riyadh, 11452, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Chuan-Chao Wang
- Department of Anthropology and Ethnology, Institute of Anthropology, School of Sociology and Anthropology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
| | - Allah Rakha
- Department of Forensic Sciences, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.
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Anjum J, Quach A, Wongkrasant P, Nazir S, Tariq M, Barrett KE, Zaidi A. Potentially probiotic Limosilactobacillus reuteri from human milk strengthens the gut barrier in T84 cells and a murine enteroid model. J Appl Microbiol 2023; 134:6902067. [PMID: 36724218 DOI: 10.1093/jambio/lxac029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
AIMS At conception, the infant gut barrier is immature, gradually developing with regular intake of maternal milk. This study addressed whether the barrier-strengthening effect of breast feeding might be attributable, at least in part, to autochthonous beneficial human milk bacteria. METHODS AND RESULTS Twelve bacterial strains from the breast milk of Pakistani mothers who underwent cesarean delivery (NPL-88, NPL-157, NPL-179, NPL-181, NPL-388 (Limosilactobacillus reuteri), NPL-76, NPL-495, NPL-504 (Limosilactobacillus fermentum), NPL-415 (Lactobacillus pentosus), NPL-412, NPL-416 (Lactiplantibacilllus plantarum) and NPL-374 (Bifidobacterium longum) were shortlisted based on their tolerance to acidic pH (2.8-4.2) and bile (0.1-0.3%). The effect of these bacteria on gut barrier function in the presence and absence of pathogens was assessed as changes in transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) in the human T84 colonic epithelial cell line and in murine enteroid-derived monolayers (EDMs). The TEER of T84 cells monolayers rose in the presence of most of the human milk strains, being most pronounced in case of L. reuteri NPL-88 (34% within five h), exceeding the effect of the well-known probiotic L. acidophilus (20%). qRT-PCR, western blot and immunofluorescent staining associated the increase in TEER with enhanced expression of tight junction proteins. Pretreatment of murine EDMs with NPL-88 also largely prevented the ability of the pathogen, Salmonella, to decrease TEER (87 ± 1.50%; P < 0.0001, n = 4). CONCLUSIONS Human milk lactic acid bacteria are potential probiotics that can strengthen gut barrier function and protect breastfed neonates against enteric infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasia Anjum
- National Probiotic Laboratory, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College (NIBGE-C), Faisalabad 38000, (Punjab)Pakistan.,Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Nilore, Islamabad 45650, (ICT)Pakistan.,Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0063, USA
| | - Andrew Quach
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0063, USA
| | - Preedajit Wongkrasant
- Current affiliation: Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, 4610 X Street, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Rajathevi, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Shahid Nazir
- Dept of Pediatrics, Shifa International Hospitals Ltd, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Tariq
- National Probiotic Laboratory, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College (NIBGE-C), Faisalabad 38000, (Punjab)Pakistan.,Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Nilore, Islamabad 45650, (ICT)Pakistan
| | - Kim E Barrett
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0063, USA.,Current affiliation: Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, 4610 X Street, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Arsalan Zaidi
- National Probiotic Laboratory, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College (NIBGE-C), Faisalabad 38000, (Punjab)Pakistan.,Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Nilore, Islamabad 45650, (ICT)Pakistan
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Kalsoom T, Nazir S. Thermodynamics, electronic, and magnetic properties of Cr-doped Cr 2CoAl: Biaxial ([110]) strain impact. Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing 2022; 150:106934. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mssp.2022.106934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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Andres M, Murphy TM, Poku N, Nazir S, Ramalingam S, Chambers V, Rosen SD, Lyon AR. Cardio-Oncology: a medical specialty in constant growth and evolution. the 10-year experience of the first cardio-oncology service in the United Kingdom. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.2564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Survivorship has increased significantly in cancer patients with the advent of novel therapies. However, this improvement has been at the cost of higher rates of cardiotoxicity. Cardiovascular disease has become the main cause of death or cancer therapy interruption in many of these patients. The need for specialist services to deal with these emerging problems has led to global development of many Cardio-Oncology services.
Objectives
To describe how a Cardio-Oncology service has grown and evolved over a 10 year period in response to the constantly changing oncological landscape.
Methods and results
Prospective, single center, study of cancer patients referred to our service from February 2011 to December 2021. 1499 patients were referred to the service. Mean age was 60 years (SD: 15) and 60% were female. CV risk factors including hypertension (32%), dyslipidaemia (12%) and diabetes (6%) were common.
The most frequent primary tumour location was breast (427 patients, 28%), followed by haematological (151, 10%) and gastrointestinal tract (114, 8%). The average number of referrals per month increased 6 fold from 2011, from 3.3 patients per month to 21 patients in 2021. In the last 5 years there was a 10 fold increase in the number of outpatient consultations from 189 consultations in 2016 to 1988 consultations in 2021.
The most frequent reason for referral was pre-treatment assessment (39%), followed by cancer therapy related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD) (33%) and other acute cancer therapy related CV diseases (CTR-CVDs) (22%). From 2011 to 2017 CTRCD was the main CTR-CVD due to anthracycline and trastuzumab. This ratio changed in 2018 when other CTR-CVDs became the most frequent referral reason following pre-treatment assessment. Patients referred to our service were or had been, mostly under medical therapy alone or in combination with surgery or radiotherapy (1058 patients, 70%), anthracyclines being the predominant treatment (435 patients, 40%). Targeted therapies and immune check point inhibitors became more popular in the last two years (2020–2021). A multivariable logistic regression model was built to assess the relation between the medical treatment and the prevalence of CTRCD vs other CTR-CVDs. Anthracyclines and HER2 therapy are independently associated with a higher prevalence of CTRCD while tyrosine kinase inhibitors and immune checkpoint inhibitors increase the risk of other CTR-CVDs e.g. hypertension, arrhythmias and myocarditis.
Conclusions
Cardio-Oncology has rapidly evolved from its origin as a subspecialty of heart failure medicine, to a diverse medical specialty that encompasses many different domains of cardiology. Future cardio-oncology services should reflect this and be dynamic, collaborating with cardiac sub-specialities as necessary. Provision of cardio-oncology services requires a considerable knowledge and understanding of the ever growing and changing oncology therapies.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Andres
- Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospital , London , United Kingdom
| | - T M Murphy
- Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospital , London , United Kingdom
| | - N Poku
- Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospital , London , United Kingdom
| | - S Nazir
- Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospital , London , United Kingdom
| | - S Ramalingam
- Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospital , London , United Kingdom
| | - V Chambers
- Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospital , London , United Kingdom
| | - S D Rosen
- Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospital , London , United Kingdom
| | - A R Lyon
- Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospital , London , United Kingdom
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Sharif N, Munir MS, Arshad M, Nazir S, Sadiq MU, Rehman R. Outcome of Probing and Syringing in Congenital Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction in Children Under Local Anesthesia. PAFMJ 2022. [DOI: 10.51253/pafmj.v72i4.8160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To evaluate the success rate of probing and syringing for congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction in children under local anaesthesia.
Study Design: Cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Ophthalmology Department, Niazi Medical Dental College, Sargodha Pakistan, from Jul 2018 to Dec 2019
Methodology: Forty-five children were included in the study, of which five had bilateral epiphora. Children of 8-12 months of age were included in this study. Probing and syringing were done under topical local anaesthesia. In this study, special modified straight 25D lacrimal probe cannula was used. Post-operative steroids and antibiotics were given to all the children for two weeks.
Results: Forty Children (45 Eyes) of 8-12 months of age (less than one year) were included in this study. Single successful probing was achieved in 40 eyes (88.88%). Probing was repeated in five cases. Repeated successful probing was achieved in 3 eyes (60%) as the remaining two eyes (40%) where success was not achieved had a bone abnormality which needed an ENT examination and further intervention like Dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) with close intubation.
Conclusion: Topical local anaesthesia is a good alternative to general anaesthesia as it is not available, particularly in remote areas of Pakistan. It saves the children from the hazards of general anaesthesia and is a good choice for children who are not fit for general anaesthesia.
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Nazir S, Adnan A, Rehman RA, Al-Qahtani WS, Alsaleh AB, Al-Harthi HS, Safhi FA, Almheiri R, Lootah R, Alreyami A, Almarri I, Wang CC, Rakha A, Hadi S. Mutation Rate Analysis of RM Y-STRs in Deep-Rooted Multi-Generational Punjabi Pedigrees from Pakistan. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13081403. [PMID: 36011314 PMCID: PMC9407599 DOI: 10.3390/genes13081403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Y chromosome short tandem repeat polymorphisms (Y-STRs) are important in many areas of human genetics. Y chromosomal STRs, being normally utilized in the field of forensics, exhibit low haplotype diversity in consanguineous populations and fail to discriminate among male relatives from the same pedigree. Rapidly mutating Y-STRs (RM Y-STRs) have received much attention in the past decade. These 13 RM Y-STRs have high mutation rates (>10−2) and have considerably higher haplotype diversity and discrimination capacity than conventionally used Y-STRs, showing remarkable power when it comes to differentiation in paternal lineages in endogamous populations. Previously, we analyzed two to four generations of 99 pedigrees with 1568 pairs of men covering one to six meioses from all over Pakistan and 216 male relatives from 18 deep-rooted endogamous Sindhi pedigrees covering one to seven meioses. Here, we present 861 pairs of men from 62 endogamous pedigrees covering one to six meioses from the Punjabi population of Punjab, Pakistan. Mutations were frequently observed at DYF399 and DYF403, while no mutation was observed at DYS526a/b. The rate of differentiation ranged from 29.70% (first meiosis) to 80.95% (fifth meiosis), while overall (first to sixth meiosis) differentiation was 59.46%. Combining previously published data with newly generated data, the overall differentiation rate was 38.79% based on 5176 pairs of men related by 1−20 meioses, while Yfiler differentiation was 9.24% based on 3864 pairs. Using father−son pair data from the present and previous studies, we also provide updated RM Y-STR mutation rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahid Nazir
- Department of Forensic Sciences, University of Health Sciences, Lahore 54600, Pakistan
| | - Atif Adnan
- Department of Anthropology and Ethnology, Institute of Anthropology, School of Sociology and Anthropology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- Department of Forensic Sciences, College of Criminal Justice, Naïf Arab University of Security Sciences, Riyadh 11452, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (A.A.); (C.-C.W.); (A.R.); (S.H.)
| | - Rahat Abdul Rehman
- Department of Forensic Sciences, University of Health Sciences, Lahore 54600, Pakistan
| | - Wedad Saeed Al-Qahtani
- Department of Forensic Sciences, College of Criminal Justice, Naïf Arab University of Security Sciences, Riyadh 11452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abrar B. Alsaleh
- Department of Forensic Sciences, College of Criminal Justice, Naïf Arab University of Security Sciences, Riyadh 11452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hussam S. Al-Harthi
- Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Makkah Al Mukarramah Road, Al-Sulimaniyah, Riyadh 12233, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatmah Ahmed Safhi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reem Almheiri
- General Department of Forensic Sciences and Criminology, Dubai Police General Headquarters, Dubai 1493, United Arab Emirates
| | - Reem Lootah
- General Department of Forensic Sciences and Criminology, Dubai Police General Headquarters, Dubai 1493, United Arab Emirates
| | - Afra Alreyami
- General Department of Forensic Sciences and Criminology, Dubai Police General Headquarters, Dubai 1493, United Arab Emirates
| | - Imran Almarri
- General Department of Forensic Sciences and Criminology, Dubai Police General Headquarters, Dubai 1493, United Arab Emirates
| | - Chuan-Chao Wang
- Department of Anthropology and Ethnology, Institute of Anthropology, School of Sociology and Anthropology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- Correspondence: (A.A.); (C.-C.W.); (A.R.); (S.H.)
| | - Allah Rakha
- Department of Forensic Sciences, University of Health Sciences, Lahore 54600, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (A.A.); (C.-C.W.); (A.R.); (S.H.)
| | - Sibte Hadi
- Department of Forensic Sciences, College of Criminal Justice, Naïf Arab University of Security Sciences, Riyadh 11452, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (A.A.); (C.-C.W.); (A.R.); (S.H.)
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Awan MA, Haq A, Shaheen F, Nazir S, Choudhry S. Frequency and Outcome of Retinopathy of Prematurity at Tertiary Care Hospital in Pakistan. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak 2022; 32:895-898. [PMID: 35795939 DOI: 10.29271/jcpsp.2022.07.895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the frequency and outcome of Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). STUDY DESIGN Observational study. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY Ophthalmology Department, Shifa International Hospital (SIH) Islamabad from May 2014 to December 2019. METHODOLOGY All preterm infants with gestational age ≤35 weeks and/or birth weight ≤2000g were included while those born at greater than 35 weeks of gestation and having a gestational weight more than 2000g were excluded from this study. Studied variables included gender, gestational age, birth weight, form and duration of supplemental oxygen, systemic diseases, presence or absence of ROP, ROP stage, treatment, and outcome. RESULTS Six hundred and twenty-two met the inclusion criteria out of whom 316 were screened. The majority (n=202, 64%) of the screened infants were males. Supplemental oxygen was given to 244 (77.2%) infants. The mean gestational age was 31.94 ± 2.2 weeks. The mean birth weight was 1632 ± 446 g. ROP was diagnosed in 10 (3.2%) infants with stage 1 in 3 (0.9%) infants, stage 2 in 1 (0.3%), stage 3 in 5 (1.5%), and stage 4B in 1 (0.3%) infant. In the infants diagnosed with ROP, mean gestational age was 30.4 ± 2.9 weeks, and mean birth weight was 1393 ± 416 g. ROP regressed spontaneously in 3 infants with stage 1 and 1 infant with stage 2 disease. Infants with stage 3 disease also had disease regression after treatment with intravitreal Ranibizumab (n=3) or intravitreal Bevacizumab (n=2) injection along with concurrent laser photocoagulation (n=1). The infant with 4B ROP underwent bilateral vitrectomy with the complete attachment of retina on follow-up. CONCLUSION There was a low frequency of 3.2 % of ROP reported in this study. The infants diagnosed with ROP had favorable outcomes following timely treatment of this dreadful disease. KEY WORDS Retinopathy of prematurity, Eye, Retina, Supplemental oxygen, Screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Amer Awan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Department of Pediatrics, Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad, Paki
| | - Aqdus Haq
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Department of Pediatrics, Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad, Paki
| | - Fiza Shaheen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Department of Pediatrics, Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad, Paki
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Hassan N, Nazir S, Sharif U. Effect of risperidone on the cravings of patients with methamphetamine use disorder. Eur Psychiatry 2022. [PMCID: PMC9567441 DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Methamphetamine associated psychosis has increased globally because of the increased usage of the substance. The use of risperidone is noted to reduce the cravings of methamphetamine in patients who have methamphetamine use disorder. This becomes relevant because the number of patients who are being treated with MAP tends to have high relapse rates. MAP is being treated with different antipsychotics and the treatment protocol is made usually for alleviating the symptoms, a formal treatment regimen for patients with MAP is yet to be developed (Chiang et al 2018; Srisurapanont 2021; Edwards and Mooney 2014) Objectives The purpose of this review is to highlight the use of risperidone in reducing the cravings of methamphetamine in patients who have methamphetamine use disorder Methods PubMed, SCOPUS and Web of Science literature databases were screened and filtered.With established Inclusion and exclusion criteria, obtained a total of 15578 hits which was refined to 133articles. A total of 10papers were reviewed in detail Results Multiple clinical trials have shown that risperidone was effective in lowering drug cravings in methamphetamine use disorder. Along with the effects on craving, risperidone has also been studied for its effect on positive symptoms in patients with MAP (Samei 2016). Risperidone was noted to be effective in reducing positive symptoms. Conclusions Risperidone can be effectively used in the acute setting for psychosis and future cravings in the patients. Considering the limited clinical trials and research on risperidone and the cravings of methamphetamine use disorder, studies are needed with longer follow-ups and more samples in the future. Disclosure No significant relationships.
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Nazir S, Talpur A, Hassan N, Sharif U. Olanzapine and its use for methamphetamine-induced psychosis. Eur Psychiatry 2022. [PMCID: PMC9567821 DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.1853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Over time the prevalence of methamphetamine associated psychosis (MAP) has increased globally including Asia and Europe. Shoptaw et al looked at an RCT and concluded that olanzapine is superior to haloperidol in terms of tolerability and the side effect profile as it causes fewer extrapyramidal symptoms. Another study by Xue et al compared the efficacy of olanzapine and haloperidol and found that they had comparable effects but the onset time in the olanzapine group was significantly earlier than the haloperidol group. Srisurapanont et al analyzed 6 RCTs and concluded that quetiapine and olanzapine are probably superior than aripiprazole and risperidone. Objectives The purpose of this review is to find out if olanzapine is better than other antipsychotics in treating methamphetamine-induced psychosis. Methods PubMed, SCOPUS, and Web of Science literature databases were screened and filtered by using specific search terms, inclusion/exclusion criteria. Texts of the selected articles and trials were reviewed and the search terms generated a total of 248 results from the databases. After applying the criteria 200 citations were left and 15 papers were reviewed. Results The literature review concluded that olanzapine can be used as an effective treatment for methamphetamine-induced psychosis. Olanzapine can help to reduce the psychotic symptoms in MAP with a quicker onset and lesser side effects. Conclusions Olanzapine can help in the treatment of methamphetamine-associated psychosis and can be considered as the first-line therapy. Research is further needed with a higher pool of candidates in the future to compare the efficacy and tolerability of different typical and atypical antipsychotics. Disclosure No significant relationships.
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Adnan A, Rakha A, Lazim H, Nazir S, Al-Qahtani WS, Abdullah Alwaili M, Hadi S, Wang CC. Are Roma People Descended from the Punjab Region of Pakistan: A Y-Chromosomal Perspective. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13030532. [PMID: 35328085 PMCID: PMC8951058 DOI: 10.3390/genes13030532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Gypsies are a separate ethnic group living in Pakistan and some other countries as well. They are mostly known as ‘Roma’ and ‘untouchables’. They have different types of lifestyles as compared to other common people, as they always keep migrating from one place to another. They do not have proper houses; they live in tent houses and most probably work on daily wages to earn their living. Gypsies cannot be specified according to the place of residence and can only be classified according to their migration route. Previous historical and linguistic research showed the north Indian origin of Roma people. The present study collected 285 unrelated Roma individuals living in Punjab and typed with the Goldeneye Y20 system. Allelic frequencies ranged between 0.0035 and 0.5266, with haplotype diversity (HD) of 0.9999 and discrimination capacity (DC) of 0.8790. Gene diversity (GD) ranged from 0.6489 (DYS391) to 0.9764 (DYS391) (DY385ab). A total of 223 unique alleles were observed. Interestingly, the haplogroup R accounted for 40.56% and J for 22.06%. In MDS analysis, Pakistani Roma formed a close cluster with Roma from Constanta, Romania. The migration pattern of the Roma population from Pakistan, India and Europe was inferred using coalescence theory in the Migrate-n program. Overlapping Y-STR data were used to test different migration models. These migration models showed us the dominant gene flow from Pakistan to India and Europe to Pakistan. The results of our study showed that Y STRs provided substantially stronger discriminatory power in the Pakistani Roma population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atif Adnan
- Department of Anthropology and Ethnology, Institute of Anthropology, School of Sociology and Anthropology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China
- Department of Forensic Sciences, College of Criminal Justice, Naif Arab University of Security Sciences, Riyadh 11452, Saudi Arabia; (W.S.A.-Q.); (S.H.)
- Correspondence: (A.A.); (C.-C.W.)
| | - Allah Rakha
- Department of Forensic Sciences, University of Health Sciences, Lahore 54600, Pakistan; (A.R.); (S.N.)
| | - Hayder Lazim
- Faculty of Health, Social Care and Medicine, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk L39 4QP, UK;
| | - Shahid Nazir
- Department of Forensic Sciences, University of Health Sciences, Lahore 54600, Pakistan; (A.R.); (S.N.)
| | - Wedad Saeed Al-Qahtani
- Department of Forensic Sciences, College of Criminal Justice, Naif Arab University of Security Sciences, Riyadh 11452, Saudi Arabia; (W.S.A.-Q.); (S.H.)
| | - Maha Abdullah Alwaili
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 84428, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Sibte Hadi
- Department of Forensic Sciences, College of Criminal Justice, Naif Arab University of Security Sciences, Riyadh 11452, Saudi Arabia; (W.S.A.-Q.); (S.H.)
| | - Chuan-Chao Wang
- Department of Anthropology and Ethnology, Institute of Anthropology, School of Sociology and Anthropology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China
- Correspondence: (A.A.); (C.-C.W.)
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Nazir S, Charlesworth RPG, Moens PDJ, Assen AM, Walkden-Brown SW, Gerber PF. A preliminary study of the localisation of infectious laryngotracheitis virus glycoprotein E within specific peripheral blood lymphocytes. Avian Pathol 2021; 51:141-145. [PMID: 34881666 DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2021.2015062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Infectious laryngotracheitis virus (ILTV) DNA has been detected in blood fractions, but the cell phenotype with which the virus is associated is unknown. This study investigated the presence of ILTV antigen in peripheral blood cells of six acutely ILTV-infected chickens (5 or 9 days post ocular inoculation with a virulent isolate and three sham-inoculated chickens using immunofluorescent staining. Blood fractions were separated by Ficoll-Paque density gradient centrifugation, and smears were prepared from erythrocyte and leukocyte fractions. The smears were stained for ILTV glycoprotein E and the leukocyte markers CD4, CD8, Bu-1 (B cell), KUL01 (monocyte/macrophage), TCRγδ, and TCRαβ/Vβ2 and examined under a confocal microscope. In samples from infected birds, ILTV gE specific fluorescence was localised in B cells and all evaluated T cell types, but not in monocytes and erythrocytes. The percentage of CD4, CD8, TCRγδ, TCRαβ/Vβ1, TCRαβ/Vβ2 and B cells colocalised with ILTV antigen ranged from 13.3% to 22.3%. None of the samples from the sham-inoculated chickens exhibited fluorescence for ILTV gE. The results of this pilot study suggest that ILTV has a tropism for peripheral blood T and B cells. Further research is required to investigate whether these cells support ILTV productive replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahid Nazir
- Animal Science, School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, Australia
| | | | - Pierre D J Moens
- School of Science and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, Australia
| | - Awol M Assen
- Animal Science, School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, Australia .,School of Veterinary Medicine, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Stephen W Walkden-Brown
- Animal Science, School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, Australia
| | - Priscilla F Gerber
- Animal Science, School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, Australia
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Farid M, Khan N, Fatima M, Rasool F, Azmat H, Iqbal KJ, Nazir S, Bano S, Khizar A, Asghar M. Performance evaluation of the commercial aquafeeds available in the market of Pakistan on Channa marulius (Sole). BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 84:e250821. [PMID: 34755812 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.250821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to determine the effect of different levels of protein on the growth, body composition, amino acid profile and serology of Channa marulius fingerlings. The experiment was conducted in ten happas installed in earthen ponds, each stocked with 10 fishes for 90 days. Four commercial fish feeds having 25%, 30%, 32% and 40% crude protein (CP) levels were fed to fish at 3% of their wet body weight three times a day. The results of the study revealed that highest weight gain, feed conversion ratio and survival rate were observed in 30% protein feed. Meanwhile, moisture content was higher in fish fed with 30% CP feed while highest crude protein was recorded in 40% CP fed fish. Lowest fat content was observed in 32% CP feed. Amino acid profile of fish revealed better results in 30% CP feed. Total protein, glucose and globulin were also highest in fish feeding 30% CP feed, while albumin was highest in 40% CP feed. It is concluded that 30% CP feed showed better results in terms of growth, amino acid profile and serological parameters without effecting fish body composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Farid
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - N Khan
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M Fatima
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - F Rasool
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - H Azmat
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - K J Iqbal
- Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Department of Zoology, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - S Nazir
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - S Bano
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - A Khizar
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M Asghar
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Lahore, Pakistan
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Ariss R, Minhas A, Nazir S, Meenakshisundaram C, Ali M, Ahuja K, Grande R, Ramanathan P, Kayani W, Sheikh M. Outcomes and resource utilization of atrial fibrillation hospitalizations with type 2 myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.0432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) are often elderly and have higher rates of comorbidities which may predispose them to an increased risk of myocardial oxygen demand-supply mismatch. Scarce data exist on the prognostic impact of type 2 myocardial infarction (MI) in AF.
Purpose
To examine the association of type 2 MI with outcomes and resource utilization in primary AF hospitalizations.
Methods
We utilized the Nationwide Readmission Database 2018 to identify primary AF hospitalizations with and without type 2 MI. The International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) diagnosis codes I48.0, I48.1, I48.2, I48.91 were utilized to identify primary AF hospitalizations within the United States. Of these, AF hospitalizations complicated by type 2 MI were identified using ICD-10 code I21.A1. Comorbidities and outcomes were identified using the corresponding ICD-10 codes. Complex samples multivariable logistic and linear regression models were used to determine the association between type 2 MI and outcomes (in-hospital mortality, index length of stay [LOS], hospital costs, discharge to nursing facility, and 30-day all-cause readmissions). Predictors of in-hospital mortality in AF with type 2 MI were also determined.
Results
Of 382,896 primary AF hospitalizations included in this study, 7,375 (1.9%) had type 2 MI. Compared to AF hospitalization without type 2 MI, those with type 2 MI are older (74.5 vs. 70.7-years-old) and have higher prevalence of chronic pulmonary disease, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, heart failure, peripheral vascular disease, chronic kidney disease, neurological disorders, deficiency anemia, coagulopathy, valvular disease, prior myocardial infarction, prior coronary artery bypass grafting, prior percutaneous coronary intervention, and prior cerebrovascular accident (P for all <0.001). AF with type 2 MI is associated with significantly higher in-hospital mortality (1.3% vs. 0.5%; P<0.001), LOS (4.1 vs. 3.3 days; P<0.001), hospital costs ($10,293.6 vs. $8,820.3; P<0.001), discharges to nursing facility (18.1% vs. 10.2%; P<0.001), and 30-day all-cause readmissions (18.5% vs. 13.5%; P=0.001) compared to AF hospitalizations without type 2 MI (Table 1). Heart failure, chronic kidney disease, neurological disorders, and age (per year) were identified as independent predictors of in-hospital mortality among AF patients with type 2 MI (Figure 1).
Conclusion
In this large nationwide analysis, type 2 MI in the setting of AF hospitalization is associated with higher in-hospital mortality and increased resource utilization compared to AF hospitalizations without type 2 MI.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None. Figure 1
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Affiliation(s)
- R.W Ariss
- University Toledo Medical Center, Cardiovascular Medicine, Toledo, United States of America
| | - A.M Minhas
- Forrest General Hospital, Medicine, Hattiesburg, United States of America
| | - S Nazir
- University Toledo Medical Center, Cardiovascular Medicine, Toledo, United States of America
| | - C Meenakshisundaram
- University Toledo Medical Center, Cardiovascular Medicine, Toledo, United States of America
| | - M.M Ali
- University Toledo Medical Center, Cardiovascular Medicine, Toledo, United States of America
| | - K.R Ahuja
- Reading Hospital, Cardiology, West Reading, United States of America
| | - R.D Grande
- ProMedica Toledo Hospital, ProMedica Heart Institute, Toledo, United States of America
| | - P.K Ramanathan
- ProMedica Toledo Hospital, ProMedica Heart Institute, Toledo, United States of America
| | - W.T Kayani
- Baylor College of Medicine, Interventional Cardiology, Houston, United States of America
| | - M Sheikh
- ProMedica Toledo Hospital, ProMedica Heart Institute, Toledo, United States of America
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Ariss RW, Nazir S, Minhas AM, Moukarbel GV, Jneid H. Patient characteristics and clinical outcomes of type 2 myocardial infarction in patients with acute ischemic stroke in the united states. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.2059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Type 2 myocardial infarction (MI) due to supply-demand mismatch may occur as a sequala of acute ischemic stroke (AIS). However, scarce data exits on the patient profiles and the prognostic impact of type 2 MI on outcomes of AIS.
Purpose
To determine the risk profiles and examine the association of type 2 MI with outcomes and resource utilization in primary AIS hospitalizations.
Methods
We utilized the Nationwide Readmission Database from October 1st, 2017 to December 31st, 2018 to identify primary AIS hospitalizations with and without type 2 MI in the United States. The International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) diagnosis codes I63.x were utilized to identify patients with AIS. Complex samples multivariable logistic and linear regression models were used to determine the predictors of type 2 MI and the association with outcomes (in-hospital mortality, poor functional outcomes [defined as a composite of mortality or discharge to hospice or to a long-term facility], index length of stay, hospital costs, discharge to nursing facility, and 30-day all-cause readmissions).
Results
Of 587,550 AIS hospitalizations included in this study, 4,182 (0.71%) had type 2 MI. Compared to AIS hospitalization without type 2 MI, those with type 2 MI were older (73 years vs. 70 years; P<0.001), more likely to be females (52% vs. 49.7%; P<0.001), and had a higher prevalence of heart failure (32% vs. 15.5%; P<0.001), atrial fibrillation (38.5% vs. 24.2%; P<0.001), prior myocardial infarction (8.8% vs. 7.7%; P<0.001), valvular heart disease (17% vs. 9.8%; P<0.001), peripheral vascular disease (12.2% vs. 9.2%; P<0.001), chronic kidney disease (24.4% vs. 16.7%; P<0.001), neurological disorders (49.3% vs. 34.6%; P<0.001), drug abuse (4.9% vs. 4.1%; P=0.04), chronic liver disease (2.6% vs. 1.7%; P<0.001), chronic lung disease (18.1% vs. 15.8%; P<0.001), anemia (4.3% vs. 2.8%; P<0.001), and weight loss (9.7% vs. 4.4%; P<0.001). Compared with their counterparts without type 2 MI, AIS with type 2 MI had significantly higher in-hospital mortality, poor functional outcomes, hospital costs, rate of discharge to nursing facility, length of stay, and rate of 30-day all-cause readmissions (Table 1). Heart failure, weight loss, neurological disorders, drug abuse, valvular heart disease, atrial fibrillation, chronic kidney disease, and age (per year) were identified as independent predictors of type 2 MI among AIS hospitalizations (Figure 1).
Conclusion
Patients with AIS complicated by type 2 MI have a high prevalence of underlying cardiovascular disease. In addition, type 2 MI in patients hospitalized with AIS is associated with poor prognosis and higher resource utilization.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Affiliation(s)
- R W Ariss
- University Toledo Medical Center, Cardiovascular Medicine, Toledo, United States of America
| | - S Nazir
- University Toledo Medical Center, Cardiovascular Medicine, Toledo, United States of America
| | - A M Minhas
- Forrest General Hospital, Medicine, Hattiesburg, United States of America
| | - G V Moukarbel
- University Toledo Medical Center, Cardiovascular Medicine, Toledo, United States of America
| | - H Jneid
- Baylor College of Medicine, Section of Cardiology, Houston, United States of America
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Mhanna M, Beran A, Nazir S, Al-Abdouh A, Barbarawi M, Sajdeya O, Srour O, Burmeister C, Malhas S, Eltahawy E. Distal versus conventional transradial access for coronary angiography and intervention: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.2079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Distal transradial artery access (DTRA) has recently gained attention due to potential benefits in terms of local complications and risk of superficial palmar arch ischemia in case of radial artery occlusion.
Purpose
In this meta-analysis, we aimed to evaluate the utility of DTRA compared to conventional transradial artery access (CTRA) for coronary angiography and intervention.
Method
We performed a comprehensive literature search using multiple databases from inception through February 2021 for all the studies that evaluated the efficacy and safety of DTRA for coronary angiography and intervention. The primary outcome of interest was access success rate. The secondary outcomes were periprocedural local complications (site hematoma, radial artery occlusion or spasm) and procedural characteristics (cannulation, fluoroscopy, and radial artery compression times). All meta-analyses were conducted using a random-effect model.
Results
A total of 8 studies including 1630 patients (805 underwent DTRA vs. 825 with CTRA), were included in the final analysis. Three of the included studies were randomized controlled trials (RCTs), and the remainder were observational studies. The access success rate was similar in the two groups (odds ratio (OR): 0.61; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.18–2.09; P=0.43; I2=72%). Similarly, no difference was observed in the overall periprocedural local complications rate (OR 0.63, 95% CI 0.38–1.04, P=0.07, I2=25%). On subgroup analysis, the rate of radial artery occlusion was significantly lower in DRTA group (OR 0.33, 95% CI 0.13–0.82, P=0.02, I2=0%). Regarding the procedural characteristics, the two approaches were different only in the cannulation time favoring the CTRA group (mean difference in minutes [MD] 0.96, 95% CI 0.16–1.76; P=0.02).
Conclusions
The DTRA represents an alternative site for radial artery access for coronary angiography and interventions, with a high success rate accompanied by a low risk of complications. Although the cannulation time was longer for the DTRA, this can potentially improve with training, practice, and utilization of ultrasound-guided punctures. The major advantage provided by the DTRA is the trend toward a lower risk of radial artery occlusion, which is frequently observed with the conventional approach. Further adequately powered RCTs are needed to confirm the safety and efficacy of this approach.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None. Central illustration
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mhanna
- University Toledo Medical Center, Internal medicine, Toledo, United States of America
| | - A Beran
- University Toledo Medical Center, Internal medicine, Toledo, United States of America
| | - S Nazir
- University Toledo Medical Center, Cardiovascular medicine, Toledo, United States of America
| | - A Al-Abdouh
- Saint agnes hospital, Internal medicine, Baltimore, United States of America
| | - M Barbarawi
- University of Connecticut, Cardiovascular medicine, Farmington, United States of America
| | - O Sajdeya
- University Toledo Medical Center, Internal medicine, Toledo, United States of America
| | - O Srour
- University Toledo Medical Center, Internal medicine, Toledo, United States of America
| | - C Burmeister
- University Toledo Medical Center, Internal medicine, Toledo, United States of America
| | - S Malhas
- University Toledo Medical Center, Internal medicine, Toledo, United States of America
| | - E Eltahawy
- University Toledo Medical Center, Cardiovascular medicine, Toledo, United States of America
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20
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Ariss RW, Elzanaty AM, Minhas AMK, Nazir S, Gul S, Patel N, Ahuja KR, Mochon A, Eltahawy EA. Sex-based differences in clinical outcomes and resource utilization of type 2 myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.2777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Sex-based differences in clinical outcomes have been previously well described in type 1 myocardial infarction (MI). However, type 2 MI is common in contemporary practice with scarce data regarding sex-based differences of clinical outcomes and resource utilization.
Purpose
To examine the association of sex category with clinical outcomes and resource utilization in hospitalizations with type 2 MI.
Methods
The Nationwide Readmission Database 2018 was queried for hospitalizations within the United States with type 2 MI using The International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) diagnosis code I21.A1. Comorbidities and outcomes were identified using the corresponding ICD-10 codes. Complex samples multivariable logistic and linear regression models were used to determine the association between type 2 MI and outcomes (in-hospital mortality, index length of stay [LOS], hospital costs, discharge to nursing facility, and 30-day all-cause readmissions) in females compared to males with type 2 MI.
Results
A total of 252,641 hospitalizations [119,783 (47.4%) females and 132,858 (52.6%) males] were included in this analysis. Females with type 2 MI were more likely to be older (72.8 years vs. 69.7 years; P<0.001), admitted on the weekend (26.5% vs. 25.9%; P=0.02), and have a higher prevalence of chronic pulmonary disease (35.6% vs. 32.0%; P<0.001), obesity (17.9% vs. 15.7%; P<0.001), neurological disorders (22.9% vs. 22.3%; P=0.02), deficiency anemias (7.5% vs. 6.6%; P<0.001), and hypothyroidism (22.1% vs. 10.1%; P<0.001) compared to males with type 2 MI. Female with type 2 MI was associated with lower in-hospital mortality, shorter LOS, less hospital costs, and increased nursing home discharge compared to males with type 2 MI. Females and males with type 2 MI had similar rates of 30-day all-cause readmission [Table 1].
Conclusion
Among type 2 MI hospitalizations, females have lower in-hospital mortality, less hospitalization cost, shorter LOS, but increased rates of nursing home discharge compared to males. Thirty-day all-cause readmission was similar between males and females with type 2 MI.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Affiliation(s)
- R W Ariss
- University Toledo Medical Center, Cardiovascular Medicine, Toledo, United States of America
| | - A M Elzanaty
- University Toledo Medical Center, Cardiovascular Medicine, Toledo, United States of America
| | - A M K Minhas
- Forrest General Hospital, Medicine, Hattiesburg, United States of America
| | - S Nazir
- University Toledo Medical Center, Cardiovascular Medicine, Toledo, United States of America
| | - S Gul
- Reading Hospital, Cardiology, West Reading, United States of America
| | - N Patel
- University Toledo Medical Center, Cardiovascular Medicine, Toledo, United States of America
| | - K R Ahuja
- Reading Hospital, Cardiology, West Reading, United States of America
| | - A Mochon
- Reading Hospital, Cardiology, West Reading, United States of America
| | - E A Eltahawy
- University Toledo Medical Center, Cardiovascular Medicine, Toledo, United States of America
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21
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Faiza-Rubab S, Naseem S, Alay-E-Abbas SM, Zulfiqar M, Zhao Y, Nazir S. Structural stability and evolution of half-metallicity in Ba 2CaMoO 6: interplay of hole- and electron-doping. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:19472-19481. [PMID: 34524322 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp03247j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Half-metallic ferromagnetic materials have attracted a lot of attention due to their probable technological applications in spintronics. In this respect, doping plays a crucial role in tailoring or controlling the physical properties of the system. Herein, the impact of both hole and electron doping on the structural, electronic and magnetic properties of the recent high pressure synthesized non-magnetic insulator Ba2CaMoO6 double perovskite oxide are investigated by replacing one of the Mo ions with Nb and Tc. The structural and mechanical stability of the undoped/doped materials are analyzed by calculating the formation energies and stiffness tensors, respectively, which confirm the system's stability. Interestingly, our results revealed that Nb- and Tc-doped systems display an electronic transition from insulating to p- and n-type half-metallic ferromagnetic states, respectively. The most striking feature of the present study is that oxygen ions become spin-polarized, with a magnetic moment of ∼0.12 μB per atom, and are mainly responsible for conductivity in the Nb-doped system. However, the admixture of Tc 4d non-degenerate orbitals are primarily contributing to the metallicity in the Tc-doped structure, with a moment of ∼0.59 μB. It is also found that Nb and Tc ions remain in the 5+ and 7+ states with electronic configurations of t22g↑t22g↓e0g↑e0g↓ and t32g↑t22g↓e0g↑e0g↓, with spin states of S = 0 and S = 1/2 in the individual doped systems, respectively. Hence, the present work proposes that a doping strategy with a suitable candidate could be beneficial to tune the physical properties of the materials for their potential utilization in advanced spin-based devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Faiza-Rubab
- Department of Physics, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100, Pakistan.
| | - Shahnila Naseem
- Department of Physics, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100, Pakistan.
| | - Syed Muhammad Alay-E-Abbas
- Applied Physics, Division of Materials Science, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Luleå University of Technology, 97187 Luleå, Sweden.,Computational Materials Modeling Laboratory, Department of Physics, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38040, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - M Zulfiqar
- Department of Physics, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100, Pakistan.
| | - Y Zhao
- Department of Physics, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, People's Republic of China
| | - S Nazir
- Department of Physics, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100, Pakistan.
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22
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Nazir S, Charlesworth RPG, Moens P, Gerber PF. Evaluation of autofluorescence quenching techniques on formalin- fixed chicken tissues. J Immunol Methods 2021; 496:113097. [PMID: 34217694 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2021.113097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Autofluorescence (AF) in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissues limit their use in immunofluorescence staining techniques. Various methods have been used to reduce AF in human and animal tissues but no protocol has been optimized for avian tissues. The present study was undertaken to evaluate different treatment methods including ammonium chloride, glycine, Trypan blue, sodium borohydride, Sudan Black B, potassium permanganate, LED light, cupric sulphate combined with glycine, ammonium chloride and cupric sulphate in reducing AF in FFPE chicken tissues for the detection of FITC labelled antibodies against immune cell markers. Chicken tissues including conjunctiva, trachea and Harderian gland presented intense non-homogenous AF in cells resembling erythrocytes, connective cells and melanocytes. Only Sudan Black B effectively reduced AF in FFPE tissues; however, no specific fluorescent signal was observed for six FITC labelled antibodies against immune cell markers. Specific fluorescent signal from the FITC-labelled antibodies was observed in frozen chicken tissue sections with minimal AF, suggesting that the AF in FFPE tissues is related to the use of formaldehyde fixatives. In conclusion, this study demonstrates for the first time that AF quenching methods commonly used for other animal species are not appropriate for use in avian tissues and that frozen tissue sections are recommended for immunofluorescence staining techniques in poultry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahid Nazir
- Animal Science, School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, Australia.
| | | | - Pierre Moens
- School of Science and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, Australia
| | - Priscilla F Gerber
- Animal Science, School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, Australia.
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23
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Luo C, Duan L, Li Y, Xie Q, Wang L, Ru K, Nazir S, Jawad M, Zhao Y, Wang F, Du Z, Peng D, Wen SQ, Qiu P, Fan H. Insights From Y-STRs: Forensic Characteristics, Genetic Affinities, and Linguistic Classifications of Guangdong Hakka and She Groups. Front Genet 2021; 12:676917. [PMID: 34108995 PMCID: PMC8181459 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.676917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Guangdong province is situated in the south of China with a population size of 113.46 million. Hakka is officially recognized as a branch of Han Chinese, and She is the official minority group in mainland China. There are approximately 25 million Hakka people who mainly live in the East and North regions of China, while there are only 0.7 million She people. The genetic characterization and forensic parameters of these two groups are poorly defined (She) or still need to be explored (Hakka). In this study, we have genotyped 475 unrelated Guangdong males (260 Hakka and 215 She) with Promega PowerPlex® Y23 System. A total of 176 and 155 different alleles were observed across all 23 Y-STRs for Guangdong Hakka (with a range of allele frequencies from 0.0038 to 0.7423) and Guangdong She (0.0047–0.8605), respectively. The gene diversity ranged from 0.4877 to 0.9671 (Guangdong Hakka) and 0.3277–0.9526 (Guangdong She), while the haplotype diversities were 0.9994 and 0.9939 for Guangdong Hakka and Guangdong She, with discrimination capacity values of 0.8885 and 0.5674, respectively. With reference to geographical and linguistic scales, the phylogenetic analyses showed us that Guangdong Hakka has a close relationship with Southern Han, and the genetic pool of Guangdong Hakka was influenced by surrounding Han populations. The predominant haplogroups of the Guangdong She group were O2-M122 and O2a2a1a2-M7, while Guangdong She clustered with other Tibeto-Burman language-speaking populations (Guizhou Tujia and Hunan Tujia), which shows us that the Guangdong She group is one of the branches of Tibeto-Burman populations and the Huonie dialect of She languages may be a branch of Tibeto-Burman language families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunfang Luo
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Heyuan Municipal Public Security Bureau, Heyuan, China
| | - Lizhong Duan
- Beijing Municipal Public Security Bureau, Beijing, China
| | - Yanning Li
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Qiqian Xie
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lingxiang Wang
- Institute of Archaeological Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Ru
- Institute of Archaeological Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shahid Nazir
- Department of Forensic Sciences, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Jawad
- Department of Forensic Sciences, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Yifeng Zhao
- Nanjing Zhenghong Judicial Identification Institute, Nanjing, China
| | - Fenfen Wang
- First Clinical Medical College, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Zhengming Du
- First Clinical Medical College, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Dehua Peng
- Heyuan Municipal Public Security Bureau, Heyuan, China
| | - Shao-Qing Wen
- Institute of Archaeological Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pingming Qiu
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haoliang Fan
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Archaeological Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,School of Basic Medicine and Life Science, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
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24
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Adnan A, Rakha A, Nazir S, Alghafri R, Hassan Q, Wang CC, Lu J. Forensic features and genetic legacy of the Baloch population of Pakistan and the Hazara population across Durand line revealed by Y-chromosomal STRs. Int J Legal Med 2021; 135:1777-1784. [PMID: 33818632 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-021-02591-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The Hazara population across Durand line has experienced extensive interaction with Central Asian and East Asian populations. Hazara individuals have typical Mongolian facial appearances and they called themselves descendants of Genghis Khan's army. The people who speak the Balochi language are called Baloch. Previously, a worldwide analysis of Y-chromosomal haplotype diversity for rapidly mutating (RM) Y-STRs and with PowerPlex Y23 System (Promega Corporation Madison, USA) kit was created with collaborative efforts, but Baloch and Hazara population from Pakistan and Hazara population from Afghanistan were missing. In the current study, Yfiler Plus PCR Amplification Kit loci were examined in 260 unrelated Hazara individuals from Afghanistan, 153 Hazara individuals, and 111 Balochi individuals from Baluchistan Pakistan. For the Hazara population from Afghanistan and Pakistan overall, 380 different haplotypes were observed on these 27 Y-STR loci, gene diversities ranged from 0.51288 (DYS389I) to 0.9257 (DYF387S1), and haplotype diversity was 0.9992. For the Baloch population, every individual was unique at 27 Y-STR loci; gene diversity ranged from 0.5718 (DYS460) to 0.9371(DYF387S1). Twelve haplotypes were shared between 178 individuals, while only two haplotypes among these twelve were shared between 87 individuals in Hazara populations. Rst and Fst pairwise genetic distance analyses, multidimensional scaling plot, neighbor-joining tree, linear discriminatory analysis, and median-joining network were performed, which shed light on the history of Hazara and Baloch populations. The results of our study showed that the Yfiler Plus PCR Amplification Kit marker set provided substantially stronger discriminatory power in the Baloch population of Pakistan and the Hazara population across the Durand line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atif Adnan
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, People's Republic of China.
| | - Allah Rakha
- Department of Forensic Sciences, University of Health Sciences Lahore, Lahore, 54600, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Nazir
- Department of Forensic Sciences, University of Health Sciences Lahore, Lahore, 54600, Pakistan
| | - Rashed Alghafri
- General Department of Forensic Sciences and Criminology, Dubai Police General Head Quarters, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Qudsia Hassan
- Department of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, Ziauddin Medical College Clifton, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Chuan-Chao Wang
- Department of Anthropology and Ethnology, Institute of Anthropology, National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Lu
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, People's Republic of China.
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25
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Shehzad M, Gul RS, Rauf S, Clarindo WR, Al-Khayri JM, Hussain MM, Munir H, Ghaffari M, Nazir S, Hussain M. Development of a robust hydroponic method for screening of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) accessions for tolerance to heat and osmotic stress. Sci Rep 2021; 11:1677. [PMID: 33462271 PMCID: PMC7814013 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-81072-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydroponic systems are known to provide a platform for uniform growth conditions until the reproductive stage. However, many plant species, including sunflower, show poor growth and survivability under conventional hydroponic systems due to poor nutrient availability, hypoxia and algal contamination. Thus, we tested various hydroponic systems to select a hydroponic system suitable for screening of sunflower germplasm. Sunflower accessions showed better growth and leaf gas exchange in newly-designed over conventional hydroponic systems. Selected hydroponic systems were further engaged in sunflower accession screening under heat and osmotic stress in a two-pan system (210 cm × 60 cm). Heat stress treatment was applied by growing sunflower germplasm at 42 °C and osmotic stress by adding polyethylene glycol 8000 which decreased the osmotic potential to - 0.6 MPa. There was significant variability among the sunflower accessions for their ability to survive under stress. Accessions such as C-2721 (43%), C-291 (46%) and D-14 (43%) had lower cell membrane injury percentage under osmotic stress and high seedling survivability (60‒80%) under heat stress when compared with susceptible accessions. Moreover, resistant accessions exhibited greater cuticular waxes and root length but lower transpiration losses. The newly designed hydroponic platform proved reliable for the selection of resistant sunflower accessions. Selected parental lines were validated by assessing their hybrids under field trials across two seasons under water and temperature stress during the reproductive phase (autumn). Hybrid H3 obtained by crossing drought and heat resistant parents had the highest seed yield and water use efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Shehzad
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Rao Samran Gul
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Saeed Rauf
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan.
| | | | - Jameel Mohammed Al-Khayri
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Mubashar Hussain
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Hassan Munir
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Mehdi Ghaffari
- Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - Shahid Nazir
- Agriculture Biotechnology Research Institute, Ayub Agriculture Research Institute, Jhang Road, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Majid Hussain
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
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26
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Tran TT, Nazir S, Yegoraw AA, Assen AM, Walkden-Brown SW, Gerber PF. Detection of infectious laryngotracheitis virus (ILTV) in tissues and blood fractions from experimentally infected chickens using PCR and immunostaining analyses. Res Vet Sci 2020; 134:64-68. [PMID: 33310555 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2020.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The ability of infectious laryngotracheitis virus (ILTV) to replicate in organs outside of the upper respiratory tract and conjunctiva associated-lymphoid tissues is still not well understood. This study investigated the tissue distribution of an Australian field strain of ILTV (class 9) on birds experimentally inoculated via eye-drop at 7 days of age by using quantitative PCR (qPCR) and immunohistochemistry. Tissues including conjunctiva, caecal tonsil, kidney, liver, lung, spleen, thymus, trachea and blood were collected from sham-inoculated (control group; n = 2) and ILTV-inoculated (n = 8) birds at 7 days post-inoculation (dpi). Blood was collected from 13 infected birds at 14 dpi and fractionated using ficoll-paque. At 7 dpi, the highest detection rate and genomic copies (GC) were in conjunctiva (8/8; 8.08 ± 0.48 log10 GC/mg) followed by trachea (8/8; 4.64 ± 0.48) and thymus (8/8; 4.52 ± 0.48), kidney (8/8; 3.97 ± 0.48), lung (8/8; 3.65 ± 0.48), spleen (8/8; 3.55 ± 0.48), liver (8/8; 3.51 ± 0.48), caecal tonsil (7/8; 3.76 ± 0.48) and plasma (4/8; 2.40 ± 0.48 log10 GC/ml). ILTV antigen was only detected in conjunctiva (7/8), trachea (6/8) and lung (4/8) samples. At 14 dpi, ILTV detection rate and genomic copies in buffy coat cells were 12/13 and 2.86 ± 0.39 log10 GC/mg, respectively while those of plasma were 11/13 and 4.29 ± 0.39 log10 GC/ml and red blood cell were 3/13 and 0.36 ± 0.39 log10 GC/mg. In conclusion, ILTV DNA was detected in a wide range of tissues and blood fractions but ILTV antigen was only detected in respiratory organs and conjunctiva.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanh T Tran
- School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales 2351, Australia; Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Nong Lam University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Shahid Nazir
- School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales 2351, Australia
| | - Addisu A Yegoraw
- School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales 2351, Australia; School of Veterinary Medicine, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia
| | - Awol M Assen
- School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales 2351, Australia; School of Veterinary Medicine, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Stephen W Walkden-Brown
- School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales 2351, Australia
| | - Priscilla F Gerber
- School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales 2351, Australia.
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27
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Sajid Munir M, Ramzan M, Arshad M, Nazir S, Rizwan Ullah M. Visual Outcome After Sutureless Scleral Fixation of Intraocular Lens. pak J Ophthalmol 2020. [DOI: 10.36351/pjo.v37i1.1141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To study the results of sutureless scleral fixation of intraocular lens (IOL) in cases of complicated cataract surgery.
Study Design: Interventional case series.
Place and Duration of Study: Niazi Medical and Dental College Sargodha from Jan 2018 to Dec 2019.
Methods: Twenty-five eyes of 25 consecutive patients were selected for this study. Patients of traumatic cataract with zonular dehiscence, patients who had per-operative complications like PC rent with insufficient capsular bag, and children with subluxated lens of Marfan, Ehler Danlos syndrome were included in this study. After routine investigation all patients were operated under local anesthesia except children, who were operated under general anesthesia. Sclerotomies were made at 3 and 9 o’clock positions with MVR blade. Sutureless scleral fixation of intraocular lens was done. The haptics of lenses were buried in the scleral pockets which were already made at 3 and 9 o‘clock position. Post-operative antibiotics and steroids were given for 8 weeks and patients were followed up for two years.
Results: Out of 25, 18 (72%) female patients and 7 (28%) male patients underwent surgery. Most of the patients had previous surgical complications of Posterior capsular rent 15 (60%). Four (16%) patients had eye trauma, three had lens subluxation for pseudo-exfoliation and 3 patients (children) were suffering from Marfan Syndrome. Seventy-two percent patients had visual acuity of more than 6/18, 16% had 6/18 to 6/24 and 12% had 6/24 to 6/60.
Conclusion: Properly done suture-less scleral fixation is a safe technique with little chance of IOL dislocation.
Key Words: Scleral fixation, Intraocular lens, Cataract.
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28
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Gujral D, Nazir S, Hunter B, McNaught P, Williams L, Porter S, Coughlan S, Cleator S. PO-0930: Wide tangents versus volumetric arc therapy to treat the internal mammary chain using breath hold. Radiother Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)00947-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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29
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Nazir S, Yegoraw AA, Charlesworth RPG, Williamson S, Sharpe S, Walkden-Brown SW, Gerber PF. Marked differences in virulence of three Australian field isolates of infectious laryngotracheitis virus in meat and layer chickens. Avian Pathol 2020; 49:600-610. [PMID: 32720515 DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2020.1801987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to compare the virulence of contemporary infectious laryngotracheitis virus (ILTV) field isolates of classes 9, 10, and 14 in meat and layer chickens, and to evaluate cloacal and oropharyngeal swabs and dust as sample types for ILTV detection. A total of 211 chickens were divided into groups and inoculated with ILTV class 9, 10, or 14, or sham-inoculated via eye drop at 15 or 22 days of age. Chickens were euthanized at 5 and 9 days post-infection. Virulence was assessed by scoring of clinical signs (conjunctivitis, dyspnoea, and demeanour), ILTV genomic copies (GC) in oropharyngeal and cloacal swabs, mortality and microscopic lesions in conjunctiva and trachea. Class 14 caused subclinical infection, while inoculation with class 9 or class 10 resulted in severe clinical signs and microscopic lesions. Compared to class 14 (2.25 ± 0.36 log10 GC), higher viral load was observed in oropharyngeal swabs of classes 9 (7.86 ± 0.48) and 10 (7.53 ± 0.36), with a higher proportion of positive oropharyngeal and cloacal swabs in the latter groups (P < 0.0001). Viral detection in cloacal swabs was delayed at early stages of infection compared to oropharyngeal swabs. Dust samples from class 9- and class 10-inoculated groups showed a trend towards higher GC than that of class 14. Overall, clinical scores, mortality, viral load, and microscopic lesions were similar for classes 9 and 10, but class 9 caused more severe disease in layer chickens than meat chickens. In summary, ILTV classes 9 and 10 exhibited severe virulence, while class 14 exhibited very mild virulence. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS Wide variation in the virulence of three field Australian field ILTV strains. Class 9 and class 10 strains were highly virulent, while class 14 was mildly virulent. The highly virulent strains were associated with significantly higher viral genome copies in various sample types than the mildly virulent strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahid Nazir
- Animal Science, School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, Australia
| | - Addisu A Yegoraw
- Animal Science, School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, Australia.,School of Veterinary Medicine, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia
| | | | | | - Sue Sharpe
- Birling Avian Laboratories, Bringelly, Australia
| | - Stephen W Walkden-Brown
- Animal Science, School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, Australia
| | - Priscilla F Gerber
- Animal Science, School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, Australia
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Anjum J, Nazir S, Tariq M, Barrett K, Zaidi A. Lactobacillus commensals autochthonous to human milk have the hallmarks of potent probiotics. Microbiology (Reading) 2020; 166:966-980. [PMID: 32886600 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.000966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Maternal milk is an important source of essential nutrients for the optimal growth of infants. Breastfeeding provides a continuous supply of beneficial bacteria to colonize the infant gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and offers health benefits for disease prevention and immunity. The purpose of this study was to isolate novel probiotic strains from the breast milk of native Pakistani mothers and to evaluate their probiotic potential. We isolated 21 strains of bacteria from the colostrum and mature milk of 20 healthy mothers, who had vaginal deliveries and were not taking antibiotics. After phenotypic and genotypic characterization, these isolates were tested for survival in the GIT using in vitro acid and bile tests. Nine strains showing good acid tolerance were assessed for their growth rate, bile resistance and ability to hydrolyze bile salts. Out of the four Lactobacillus isolates adjudged to be most promising as probiotics, three were Lactobacillus fermentum strains and one was a strain of Lactobacillus oris. This study demonstrates that human milk is a viable source of commensal bacteria beneficial to both adults and babies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasia Anjum
- Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Nilore, Islamabad 45650, Pakistan.,National Probiotic Lab, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Nazir
- Dept of Pediatrics, Shifa International Hospitals Ltd, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Tariq
- Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Nilore, Islamabad 45650, Pakistan.,National Probiotic Lab, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Kim Barrett
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, CA 92093-0063, USA
| | - Arsalan Zaidi
- National Probiotic Lab, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.,Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Nilore, Islamabad 45650, Pakistan
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Yegoraw AA, Nazir S, Gerber PF, Walkden-Brown SW. Airborne Transmission of Vaccinal and Wild Type Infectious Laryngotracheitis Virus and Noninfectivity of Extracts of Excreta from Infected Chickens. Avian Dis 2020; 65:30-39. [PMID: 34339119 DOI: 10.1637/aviandiseases-d-20-00073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Infectious laryngotracheitis virus (ILTV) is thought to exit the host in respiratory aerosols and enter by inhalation of these. High levels of ILTV DNA have been detected in excreta, raising the possibility of alternative routes of shedding from the host. However, it is not known whether or not the ILTV DNA in excreta represents infective virus. This study investigated transmission of wild type and vaccinal ILTV from infected to susceptible commercial meat chickens. Airborne- and excreta-mediated transmission of two field isolates of ILTV (Classes 9 and 10) and three vaccine strains (SA2, A20, and Serva) were tested. To test airborne transmission, air from isolators containing infected birds was ducted through a paired isolator containing uninfected chickens. To test excreta transmission, aliquots were prepared from excreta containing a high level of ILTV DNA within the first week after infection. Chicks were infected bilaterally by eye drop. Clinical signs were monitored daily and choanal cleft swab samples for ILTV detection by quantitative PCR were collected at 4, 8, 15, 22, and 28 days postinfection (DPI) in the airborne transmission study and at 7 and 14 DPI from the excreta transmission studies. There was no transmission of ILTV from excreta, suggesting that ILTV is inactivated during passage through the gut. All strains of ILTV were transmitted by the airborne route but only to a limited extent for the vaccine viruses. The field viruses induced clinical signs, pathology, and greatly elevated ILTV genome copies in swabs. In summary, these findings confirm the suspected airborne transmission of ILTV, demonstrate differential transmission potential between wild type and vaccine strains by this route, and indicate that excreta is unlikely to be important in the transmission of ILTV and the epidemiology of ILT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Addisu Awukew Yegoraw
- Animal Science, School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia, .,School of Veterinary Medicine, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia
| | - Shahid Nazir
- Animal Science, School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia
| | - Priscilla F Gerber
- Animal Science, School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia
| | - Stephen W Walkden-Brown
- Animal Science, School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia
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Nazir S, Charlesworth RPG, Walkden-Brown SW, Gerber PF. A Melanin bleaching method to prevent non-specific immunostaining of chicken feathers. MethodsX 2020; 7:100957. [PMID: 32612940 PMCID: PMC7317669 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2020.100957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanin in pigmented organs like the skin is known to react with 3,3′-diaminobenzidine (DAB) to give a brown colour indistinguishable from the colour that DAB imparts to target antibodies bound to specific antigens. This can lead to false positives in chicken feathers during immunoperoxidase staining. Here, we present a simple, fast and practical method for bleaching chicken feathers which can be applied prior to immunohistochemistry staining without affecting specific antigen-antibody binding. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a melanin-bleaching technique prior to immunoperoxidase staining techniques of chicken feathers for detection of pathogens. Optimisations of the method include:Removal of melanin from tissue sections using a short incubation with potassium permanganate followed by incubation with oxalic acid prior to immunostaining for improved specificity. This technique did not affect the antigenicity of infectious laryngotracheitis virus antigen and did not cause damage or detachment of tissues from the slides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahid Nazir
- Animal Science, School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Australia
| | | | - Stephen W Walkden-Brown
- Animal Science, School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Australia
| | - Priscilla F Gerber
- Animal Science, School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Australia
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Siddiqui NA, Moosa MA, Shaikh FA, Shahzad N, Nazir S, Sophie Z. Predictors of Poor Quality of Life after Primary Lower Limb Deep Venous Thrombosis: A Perspective from a Developing Nation. Ann Vasc Dis 2020; 13:63-68. [PMID: 32273924 PMCID: PMC7140158 DOI: 10.3400/avd.oa.19-00126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: We aimed to determine predictors of poor long term quality of life, using the VEINES Quality of Life (QOL) questionnaire, in patients with lower limb deep venous thrombosis (DVT). Material and Methods: This study included adult patients with primary lower limb DVT between January 2007 and December 2017. Post thrombotic syndrome (PTS) was assessed using the Villalta score and Quality of Life (QoL) by the VEINES quality of life questionnaire. Results: Our study included 125 patients, 57 (45.6%) of whom were males. The patient population’s median age was 41 years (IQR: 34–47 years). The median follow up was 450 days (IQR: 390–1020 days). PTS occurred in 49 (39.2%) patients. Independent predictors of poor quality of life post DVT were progression to PTS, complete occlusion of vein, proximal (Ileofemoral) DVT, poor control of INR, poor compliance with compression stockings, severity of PTS, ileofemoral DVT and poor control of therapeutic anticoagulation. Conclusion: Predictors who are independently associated with poor quality of life post DVT are PTS, inability to maintain therapeutic anticoagulation and ileofemoral DVT.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Noman Shahzad
- Northern Lincolnshire and Goole NHS Foundation Trust
| | - Shahid Nazir
- Department of Surgery, Aga Khan University Hospital
| | - Ziad Sophie
- Department of Surgery, Aga Khan University Hospital
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Rehman H, Ali Z, G. Shahzady T, A. Abid M, Nazir S, Hussain H, Zahra A, Hussain I. Synthesis, X-ray analysis and antibacterial study of silver complex with ethyl-5-hydroxy- 2-oxo-2H-chromene-3-carboxylate. B CHEM SOC ETHIOPIA 2019. [DOI: 10.4314/bcse.v33i3.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Adnan A, Rakha A, Nazir S, Rehman Z, Lu J, Xuan JF. Genetic characterization of 15 autosomal STRs in the interior Sindhi population of Pakistan and their phylogenetic relationship with other populations. Int J Immunogenet 2019; 47:149-157. [PMID: 31657139 DOI: 10.1111/iji.12458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Genetic structure of a population can be influenced by evolutionary processes and cultural histories which can alter the frequencies of different variants at particular genetic markers. These characteristics make DNA evidence suitable for forensic applications. Little relevant data are available from the interior Sindhi population; thus, in the current study, we have investigated 15 autosomal STRs in 181 unrelated individuals belonging to the interior parts of Sindh Pakistan, to establish its lineage and parameters of forensic interest. These STRs revealed a high power of discrimination (CPD), power of exclusion (CPE) and matching probability (CMP) are 0.9999999999999999968997, 0.99998612 and 3.1003 × 10-18 respectively. The genetic distances, neighbour-joining (NJ) tree, interactivity test and principal component analysis (PCA) based on 15 autosomal STR loci showed that the interior Sindhi population had a closer genetic relationship with Pakistani populations and distant relationships with regional (India and Afghanistan) populations. The present findings exhibited that STRs included in AmpFLSTR Identifiler kit (Applied Biosystems) are genetically polymorphic in the interior Sindhi population of Pakistan. This study provides valuable population genetic data for the genetic information study, forensic human individual identification and paternity testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atif Adnan
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Allah Rakha
- Department of Forensic Sciences, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Nazir
- Department of Forensic Sciences, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ziaur Rehman
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Jie Lu
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jin-Feng Xuan
- Department of Forensic Genetics and Biology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Kamran M, Javed N, Ullah I, Nazir S, Jamil S, Iqbal MZ, Abbas H, Khan SA, Ehetisham ul Haq M. Genetic Variability among Different Populations of Root Knot Nematodes Based on Their Encumbrance Response to Pasteuria Isolates Using PCR-RFLP. Plant Pathol J 2019; 35:51-62. [PMID: 30828279 PMCID: PMC6385655 DOI: 10.5423/ppj.oa.11.2017.0253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 05/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A great variable response was observed when PP-3 and PP-J encumbered with 116 populations of root knot nematode (RKN) at two different temperatures (25 ± 2°C and 30 ± 2°C) and concentrations (104 and 105 spores/ml). The PCR reaction amplified intergenic region between cytochrome oxidase subunit II gene (COII) and large subunit of rRNA gene (lrRNA) of the mitochondrial genome of different RKN species. The primer C2F3 and 1108 identified M. incognita with the highest frequency (52.6%) followed by M. javanica (36.8%) and M. arenaria (10.5%). The sizes of PCR products were 1.7 kb for M. incognita and M. javanica populations while populations of M. arenaria produced 1.1 kb fragment. The digestion with Hinf I yielded three different fragment length patterns on 1.5 % agarose gel. From current research it is concluded that intra-Meloidogyne genetic variability exist in RKN populations which have better encumbrance with P. penetrans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Kamran
- Plant Pathology Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute Faisalabad, 38000, Punjab,
Pakistan
| | - Nazir Javed
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38040, Punjab,
Pakistan
| | - Ihsan Ullah
- School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading RG6 6AR,
UK
| | - Shahid Nazir
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute, AARI, Faisalabad, 38000, Punjab,
Pakistan
| | - Shakra Jamil
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute, AARI, Faisalabad, 38000, Punjab,
Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zafar Iqbal
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute, AARI, Faisalabad, 38000, Punjab,
Pakistan
| | - Huma Abbas
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38040, Punjab,
Pakistan
| | - Sajid Aleem Khan
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38040, Punjab,
Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ehetisham ul Haq
- Plant Pathology Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute Faisalabad, 38000, Punjab,
Pakistan
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Adnan A, Rakha A, Nazir S, Khan MF, Hadi S, Xuan J. Evaluation of 13 rapidly mutating Y-STRs in endogamous Punjabi and Sindhi ethnic groups from Pakistan. Int J Legal Med 2019; 133:799-802. [DOI: 10.1007/s00414-018-01997-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Farooq R, Hussain K, Nazir S, Javed MR, Masood N. CRISPR/Cas9; A robust technology for producing genetically engineered plants. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 2018; 64:31-38. [PMID: 30511631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Revised: 11/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
CRISPR/Cas9 is a technology evolved from modified type II immune system of bacteria and archaea. Exploitation of this bacterial immune system in all eukaryotes including plants may lead to site-specific targeted genome engineering. Genome engineering is objectively utilized to express/silence a trait harbouring gene in the plant genome. In this review, different genetic engineering techniques including classical breeding, RNAi and genetic transformation and synthetic sequence-specific nucleases (zinc finger nucleases; ZFNs and transcription activator-like effector nuclease; TALENs) techniques have been described and compared with advanced genome editing technique CRISPR/Cas9, on the basis of their merits and drawbacks. This revolutionary genome engineering technology has edge over all other approaches because of its simplicity, stability, specificity of the target and multiple genes can be engineered at a time. CRISPR/Cas9 requires only Cas9 endonuclease and single guide RNA, which are directly delivered into plant cells via either vector-mediated stable transformation or transient delivery of ribonucleoproteins (RNPs) and generate double-strand breaks (DSBs) at target site. These DSBs are further repaired by cell endogenous repairing pathways via HDR or NHEJ. The major advantage of CRISPR/Cas9 system is that engineered plants are considered Non-GM; can be achieved using in vitro expressed RNPs transient delivery. Different variants of Cas9 genes cloned in different plasmid vectors can be used to achieve different objectives of genome editing including double-stranded DNA break, single-stranded break, activate/repress the gene expression. Fusion of Cas9 with fluorescent protein can lead to visualize the expression of the CRISPR/Cas9 system. The applications of this technology in plant genome editing to improve different plant traits are comprehensively described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rimsha Farooq
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Khadim Hussain
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Nazir
- Agriculture biotechnology research institute, Ayub Agriculture Research Institute (AARI), Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rizwan Javed
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Nazish Masood
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Farooq R, Hussain K, Nazir S, Javed MR, Masood N. CRISPR/Cas9; A robust technology for producing genetically engineered plants. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 2018. [DOI: 10.14715/cmb/2018.64.14.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Tariq A, Nazir S. Energetics and optimized ferroelectric polarization with metallic electronic states in ATiO3 (A = Ba and Pb): Layer doping strategy. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2018.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Rehman H, Qadir A, Ali Z, Nazir S, Zahra A, G. Shahzady T. Synthesis and characterization of novel sulfonamides derivatives and their antimicrobial, antioxidant and cytotoxicity evaluation. B CHEM SOC ETHIOPIA 2018. [DOI: 10.4314/bcse.v31i3.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Rasheed HU, Jawad M, Nazir S, Noreen S, Rakha A. mtDNAmap: Geographic representation of mtDNA Haplogroups. Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fsigss.2017.09.208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Corcoran D, Radjenovic A, Mordi I, Nazir S, Wilson S, Hinder M, Yates D, Machineni S, Gugliotta B, Tzemos N, Semple S, Newby D, McCann G, Squire I, Berry C. P2471A randomised, placebo-controlled trial of the effects of IV serelaxin on myocardial blood flow and vascular function in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD). Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx502.p2471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Riyaz A, Nazir S, Khushtar M, Mishra A, Jahan Y, Ahmad A. Effect of Nigella sativa L. seed extract on cisplatin-induced delay in gastric emptying in Sprague-Dawley rats. Nat Prod Res 2016; 31:588-592. [PMID: 27348571 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2016.1201670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was focused on investigating the possible protective effect of Nigella sativa L. seed extract against cisplatin-induced delay in gastric emptying, in a rat model. Twenty-five male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into five equal groups as follows: Group I or control group, Group II (cisplatin 10 mg/kg, i.p at day 5), Group III (N. sativa L. 250 mg/kg for 5 days + cisplatin 10 mg/kg, i.p on day 5), Group IV (N. sativa L. 500 mg/kg for 5 days + cisplatin 10 mg/kg, i.p on day 5) and Group V (ondansetron 3 mg/kg/day, per os + cisplatin 10 mg/kg, i.p on day 5). Phenol red meal was adopted to estimate gastric emptying in different groups of the rats. Gastric emptying was significantly increased (p < 0.01) in N. sativa L. seed extract-pretreated rats (Group III and Group IV) when compared to cisplatin treatment alone (Group II). However, ondansetron produced significantly (p < 0.01) better reversal than N. sativa L. seed extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ambreena Riyaz
- a Faculty of Pharmacy , Integral University , Lucknow , India
| | - Shahid Nazir
- b School of Veterinary Medicine , Wollo University , Dessie , Ethiopia
| | | | - Anuradha Mishra
- a Faculty of Pharmacy , Integral University , Lucknow , India
| | - Yasmeen Jahan
- a Faculty of Pharmacy , Integral University , Lucknow , India
| | - Asad Ahmad
- a Faculty of Pharmacy , Integral University , Lucknow , India
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Winter R, Fazlinezhad A, Martins Fernandes S, Pellegrino M, Iriart X, Moustafa S, Stolfo D, Bieseviciene M, Patel S, Vriz O, Sarvari SI, Santos M, Berezin A, Stoebe S, Benyounes Iglesias N, De Chiara B, Soliman A, Oni O, Ricci F, Tumasyan LR, Kim KH, Popa BA, Yiangou K, Olsen RH, Cacicedo A, Monti L, Holte E, Orlic D, Trifunovic D, Nucifora G, Casalta AC, Cavalcante JL, Keramida K, Calin A, Almeida Morais L, Bandera F, Galli E, Kamal HM, Leite L, Polte CL, Martinez Santos P, Jin CN, Generati G, Reali M, Kalcik M, Cacicedo A, Nascimento H, Ferreiro Quero C, Kazum S, Madeira S, Villagra JM, Muraru D, Gobbo M, Generati G, D'andrea A, Azevedo O, Nucifora G, Cruz I, Lozano Granero VC, Stampfli SF, Marketou M, Bento D, Mohty D, Hernandez Jimenez V, Gascuena R, Ingvarsson A, Cameli M, Werther Evaldsson A, Greiner S, Michelsen MM, El Eraky AZZA, Kamal HM, D'ascenzi F, Spinelli L, Stojanovic S, Mincu RI, Vindis D, Mantovani F, Yi JE, Styczynski G, Battah AHMED, O'driscoll J, Generati G, Velasco Del Castillo S, Voilliot D, Scali MC, Garcia Campos A, Opitz B, Herold IHF, Veiga CESAR, Santos Furtado M, Khan UM, Leite L, Leite L, Leite L, Keramida K, Molnar AA, Rio P, Huang MS, Papadopoulos C, Venneri L, Onut R, Casas Rojo E, Bayat F, Aggeli C, Ben Kahla S, Abid L, Choi JH, Barreiro Perez M, Lindqvist P, Sheehan F, Vojdanparast M, Nezafati P, Teixeira R, Generati G, Bandera F, Labate V, Alfonzetti E, Guazzi M, Dinet ML, Jalal Z, Cochet H, Thambo JB, Ho TH, Shah P, Murphy K, Nelluri BK, Lee H, Wilansky S, Mookadam F, Tonet E, Merlo M, Barbati G, Gigli M, Pinamonti B, Ramani F, Zecchin M, Sinagra G, Vaskelyte JJ, Mizariene V, Lesauskaite V, Verseckaite R, Karaliute R, Jonkaitiene R, Li L, Craft M, Danford D, Kutty S, Pellegrinet M, Zito C, Carerj S, Di Bello V, Cittadini A, Bossone E, Antonini-Canterin F, Rodriguez M, Sitges M, Sepulveda-Martinez A, Gratacos E, Bijnens B, Crispi F, Leite L, Martins R, Baptista R, Barbosa A, Ribeiro N, Oliveira A, Castro G, Pego M, Samura T, Kremzer A, Tarr A, Pfeiffer D, Hagendorff A, Van Der Vynckt C, Gout O, Devys JM, Cohen A, Musca F, D'angelo L, Cipriani MG, Parolini M, Rossi A, Santambrogio GM, Russo C, Giannattasio C, Moreo A, Moharram M, Gamal A, Reda A, Adebiyi A, Aje A, Aquilani R, Dipace G, Bucciarelli V, Bianco F, Miniero E, Scipioni G, De Caterina R, Gallina S, Adamyan KG, Chilingaryan AL, Tunyan LG, Cho JY, Yoon HJ, Ahn Y, Jeong MH, Cho JG, Park JC, Popa A, Cerin G, Azina CH, Yiangou A, Georgiou C, Zitti M, Ioannides M, Chimonides S, Pedersen LR, Snoer M, Christensen TE, Ghotbi AA, Hasbak P, Kjaer A, Haugaard SB, Prescott E, Velasco Del Castillo S, Gomez Sanchez V, Anton Ladislao A, Onaindia Gandarias J, Rodriguez Sanchez I, Jimenez Melo O, Garcia Cuenca E, Zugazabeitia Irazabal G, Romero Pereiro A, Nardi B, Di Giovine G, Malanchini G, Scardino C, Balzarini L, Presbitero P, Gasparini GL, Tesic M, Zamaklar-Trifunovic D, Vujisic-Tesic B, Borovic M, Milasinovic D, Zivkovic M, Kostic J, Belelsin B, Ostojic M, Krljanac G, Savic L, Asanin M, Aleksandric S, Petrovic M, Zlatic N, Lasica R, Mrdovic I, Muser D, Zanuttini D, Tioni C, Bernardi G, Spedicato L, Proclemer A, Galli E, Szymanski C, Salaun E, Lavoute C, Haentjens J, Tribouilloy C, Mancini J, Donal E, Habib G, Delgado-Montero A, Dahou A, Caballero L, Rijal S, Gorcsan J, Monin JL, Pibarot P, Lancellotti P, Kouris N, Kostopoulos V, Giannaris V, Trifou E, Markos L, Mihalopoulos A, Mprempos G, Olympios CD, Mateescu AD, Rosca M, Beladan CC, Enache R, Gurzun MM, Varga P, Calin C, Ginghina C, Popescu BA, Galrinho A, Branco L, Gomes V, Timoteo AT, Daniel P, Rodrigues I, Rosa S, Fragata J, Ferreira R, Generati G, Pellegrino M, Carbone F, Labate V, Alfonzetti E, Guazzi M, Leclercq C, Samset E, Donal E, Oraby MA, Eleraky AZ, Yossuef MA, Baptista R, Teixeira R, Ribeiro N, Oliveira AP, Barbosa A, Castro G, Martins R, Elvas L, Pego M, Gao SA, Lagerstrand KM, Johnsson ÅA, Bech-Hanssen O, Vilacosta I, Batlle Lopez E, Sanchez Sauce B, Jimenez Valtierra J, Espana Barrio E, Campuzano Ruiz R, De La Rosa Riestra A, Alonso Bello J, Perez Gonzalez F, Wan S, Sun JP, Lee AP, Bandera F, Pellegrino M, Carbone F, Labate V, Alfonzetti E, Guazzi M, Cimino S, Salatino T, Silvetti E, Mancone M, Pennacchi M, Giordano A, Sardella G, Agati L, Yesin M, Gunduz S, Gursoy MO, Astarcioglu MA, Karakoyun S, Bayam E, Cersit S, Ozkan M, Velasco Del Castillo S, Gomez Sanchez V, Anton Ladislao A, Onaindia Gandarias J, Rodriguez Sanchez I, Jimenez Melo O, Quintana Razcka O, Romero Pereiro A, Zugazabeitia Irazabal G, Braga M, Flores L, Ribeiro V, Melao F, Dias P, Maciel MJ, Bettencourt P, Mesa Rubio MD, Ruiz Ortiz M, Delgado Ortega M, Sanchez Fernandez J, Duran Jimenez E, Morenate Navio C, Romero M, Pan M, Suarez De Lezo J, Vaturi M, Weisenberg D, Monakier D, Valdman A, Vaknin- Assa H, Assali A, Kornowski R, Sagie A, Shapira Y, Ribeiras R, Abecasis J, Teles R, Castro M, Tralhao A, Horta E, Brito J, Andrade M, Mendes M, Avegliano G, Ronderos R, Matta MG, Camporrotondo M, Castro F, Albina G, Aranda A, Navia D, Siciliano M, Migliore F, Cavedon S, Folino F, Pedrizzetti G, Bertaglia M, Corrado D, Iliceto S, Badano LP, Merlo M, Stolfo D, Losurdo P, Ramani F, Barbati G, Pivetta A, Pinamonti B, Sinagra GF, Di Lenarda A, Bandera F, Pellegrino M, Labate V, Carbone F, Alfonzetti E, Guazzi M, Di Palma E, Baldini L, Verrengia M, Vastarella R, Limongelli G, Bossone E, Calabro' R, Russo MG, Pacileo G, Cruz I, Correia E, Bento D, Teles L, Lourenco C, Faria R, Domingues K, Picarra B, Marques N, Muser D, Gianfagna P, Morocutti G, Proclemer A, Gomes AC, Lopes LR, Stuart B, Caldeira D, Morgado G, Almeida AR, Canedo P, Bagulho C, Pereira H, Pardo Sanz A, Marco Del Castillo A, Monteagudo Ruiz JM, Rincon Diaz LM, Ruiz Rejon F, Casas E, Hinojar R, Fernandez-Golfin C, Zamorano Gomez JL, Erhart L, Staehli BE, Kaufmann BA, Tanner FC, Kontaraki J, Parthenakis F, Maragkoudakis S, Zacharis E, Patrianakos A, Vardas P, Domingues K, Correia E, Lopes L, Teles L, Picarra B, Magalhaes P, Faria R, Lourenco C, Azevedo O, Boulogne C, Magne J, Damy T, Martin S, Boncoeur MP, Aboyans V, Jaccard A, Saavedra Falero J, Alberca Vela MT, Molina Blazquez L, Mata Caballero R, Serrano Rosado JA, Elviro R, Di Gioia C, Fernandez Rozas I, Manzano MC, Martinez Sanchez JI, Molina M, Palma J, Werther Evaldsson A, Radegran G, Stagmo M, Waktare J, Roijer A, Meurling CJ, Righini FM, Sparla S, Di Tommaso C, Focardi M, D'ascenzi F, Tacchini D, Maccherini M, Henein M, Mondillo S, Ingvarsson A, Waktare J, Thilen U, Stagmo M, Roijer A, Radegran G, Meurling C, Jud A, Aurich M, Katus HA, Mereles D, Faber R, Pena A, Mygind ND, Suhrs HE, Zander M, Prescott E, Handoka NESRIN, Ghali MONA, Eldahshan NAHED, Ibrahim AHMED, Al-Eraky AZ, El Attar MA, Omar AS, Pelliccia A, Alvino F, Solari M, Cameli M, Focardi M, Bonifazi M, Mondillo S, Giudice CA, Assante Di Panzillo E, Castaldo D, Riccio E, Pisani A, Trimarco B, Deljanin Ilic M, Ilic S, Magda LS, Florescu M, Velcea A, Mihalcea D, Chiru A, Popescu BO, Tiu C, Vinereanu D, Hutyra M, Cechakova E, Littnerova S, Taborsky M, Lugli R, Bursi F, Fabbri M, Modena MG, Stefanelli G, Mussini C, Barbieri A, Youn HJ, O JH, Yoon HJ, Jung HO, Shin GJ, Rdzanek A, Pietrasik A, Kochman J, Huczek Z, Milewska A, Marczewska M, Szmigielski CA, Abd Eldayem SOHA, El Magd El Bohy ABO, Slee A, Peresso V, Nazir S, Sharma R, Bandera F, Pellegrino M, Labate V, Carbone F, Alfonzetti E, Guazzi M, Anton Ladislao A, Gomez Sanchez V, Cacidedo Fernandez Bobadilla A, Onaindia Gandarias JJ, Rodriguez Sanchez I, Romero Pereira A, Quintana Rackza O, Jimenez Melo O, Zugazabeitia Irazabal G, Huttin O, Venner C, Deballon R, Manenti V, Villemin T, Olivier A, Sadoul N, Juilliere Y, Selton-Suty C, Simioniuc A, Mandoli GE, Dini FL, Marzilli M, Picano E, Martin-Fernandez M, De La Hera Galarza JM, Corros-Vicente C, Leon-Aguero V, Velasco-Alonso E, Colunga-Blanco S, Fidalgo-Arguelles A, Rozado-Castano J, Moris De La Tassa C, Stelzmueller ME, Wisser W, Reichenfelser W, Mohl W, Saporito S, Mischi M, Bouwman RA, Van Assen HC, Van Den Bosch HCM, De Lepper A, Korsten HHM, Houthuizen P, Rodrigues A, Leal G, Silvestre O, Andrade J, Hjertaas JJ, Greve G, Matre K, Teixeira R, Baptista R, Barbosa A, Ribeiro N, Castro G, Martins R, Cardim N, Goncalves L, Pego M, Teixeira R, Baptista R, Barbosa A, Ribeiro N, Castro G, Martins R, Cardim N, Goncalves L, Pego M, Teixeira R, Baptista R, Barbosa A, Oliveira AP, Castro G, Martins R, Cardim N, Goncalves L, Pego M, Kouris N, Kostopoulos V, Markos L, Olympios CD, Kovacs A, Tarnoki AD, Tarnoki DL, Kolossvary M, Apor A, Maurovich-Horvat P, Jermendy G, Sengupta P, Merkely B, Viveiros Monteiro A, Galrinho A, Pereira-Da-Silva T, Moura Branco L, Timoteo A, Abreu J, Leal A, Varela F, Cruz Ferreira R, Yang LT, Tsai WC, Mpaltoumas K, Fotoglidis A, Triantafyllou K, Pagourelias E, Kassimatis E, Tzikas S, Kotsiouros G, Mantzogeorgou E, Vassilikos V, Calicchio F, Manivarmane R, Pareek N, Baksi J, Rosen S, Senior R, Lyon AR, Khattar RS, Marinescu C, Onciul S, Zamfir D, Tautu O, Dorobantu M, Carbonell San Roman A, Rincon Diez LM, Gonzalez Gomez A, Fernandez Santos S, Lazaro Rivera C, Moreno Vinues C, Sanmartin Fernandez M, Fernandez-Golfin C, Zamorano Gomez JL, Alirezaei T, Karimi AS, Kakiouzi V, Felekos I, Panagopoulou V, Latsios G, Karabela M, Petras D, Tousoulis D, Abid L, Abid D, Kammoun S, Ben Kahla S, Lee JW, Martin Fernandez M, Costilla Garcia SM, Diaz Pelaez E, Moris De La Tassa C. Poster session 3The imaging examinationP646Simulator-based testing of skill in transthoracic echoP647Clinical and echocardiographic characteristics of isolated left ventricular non-compactionP648Appropriate use criteria of transthoracic echocardiography and its clinical impact in an aged populationAnatomy and physiology of the heart and great vesselsP649Prevalence and determinants of exercise oscillatory ventilation in the EUROEX trial populationAssessment of diameters, volumes and massP650Left atrial remodeling after percutaneous left atrial appendage closureP651Global atrial performance with tyrosine kinase inhibitors in metastatic renal cell carcinomaP652Early right ventricular response to cardiac resynchronization therapy: impact on clinical outcomesP653Parameters of speckle-tracking echocardiography and biomechanical values of a dilative ascending aortaAssessments of haemodynamicsP654Right atrial hemodynamics in infants and children: observations from 3-dimensional echocardiography derived right atrial volumesAssessment of systolic functionP655One-point carotid wave intensity predicts cardiac mortality in patients with congestive heart failure and reduced ejection fractionP656Persistence of cardiac remodeling in adolescents with previous fetal growth restrictionP6572D speckle tracking-derived left ventricle global longitudinal strain and left ventricular dysfunction stages: a useful discriminator in moderate-to-severe aortic regurgitationP658Global longitudinal strain and strain rate in type two diabetes patients with chronic heart failure: relevance to circulating osteoprotegerinP659Analysis of left ventricular function in patients before and after surgical and interventional mitral valve therapyP660Left ventricular end-diastolic volume is complementary with global longitudinal strain for the prediction of left ventricular ejection fraction in echocardiographic daily practiceP661Left ventricular assist device, right ventricle function, and selection bias: the light side of the moonP662Assessment of right ventricular function in patients with anterior ST elevation myocardial infarction; a 2-d speckle tracking studyP663Right ventricular systolic function assessment in sickle cell anaemia using echocardiographyAssessment of diastolic functionP664Prognostic value of transthoracic cardiopulmonary ultrasound in cardiac surgery intensive care unitP665Comparative efficacy of renin-angiotensin system modulators on prognosis, right heart and left atrial parameters in patients with chronic heart failure and preserved left ventricular systolic functionP666Left atrial volume index is the most significant diastolic functional parameter of hemodynamic burden as measured by NT-proBNP in acute myocardial infarctionP667Preventive echocardiographic screening. preliminary dataP668Assessment of the atrial electromechanical delay and the mechanical functions of the left atrium in patients with diabetes mellitus type IIschemic heart diseaseP669Coronary flow velocity reserve by echocardiography as a measure of microvascular function: feasibility, reproducibility and agreement with PET in overweight patients with coronary artery diseaseP670Influence of cardiovascular risk in the occurrence of events in patients with negative stress echocardiographyP671Prevalence of transmural myocardial infarction and viable myocardium in chronic total occlusion (CTO) patientsP672The impact of the interleukin 6 receptor antagonist tocilizumab on mircovascular dysfunction after non st elevation myocardial infarction assessed by coronary flow reserve from a randomized studyP673Impact of manual thrombus aspiration on left ventricular remodeling: the echocardiographic substudy of the randomized Physiologic Assessment of Thrombus Aspirtion in patients with ST-segment ElevatioP674Acute heart failure in STEMI patients treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention is related to transmural circumferential myocardial strainP675Long-term prognostic value of infarct size as assessed by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging after a first st-segment elevation myocardial infarctionHeart valve DiseasesP676Prognostic value of LV global longitudinal strain in aortic stenosis with preserved LV ejection fractionP677Importance of longitudinal dyssynchrony in low flow low gradient severe aortic stenosis patients undergoing dobutamine stress echocardiography. a multicenter study (on behalf of the HAVEC group)P678Predictive value of left ventricular longitudinal strain by 2D Speckle Tracking echocardiography, in asymptomatic patients with severe aortic stenosis and preserved ejection fractionP679Clinical and echocardiographic characteristics of the flow-gradient patterns in patients with severe aortic stenosis and preserved left ventricular ejection fractionP6802D and 3D speckle tracking assessment of left ventricular function in severe aortic stenosis, a step further from biplane ejection fractionP681Functional evaluation in aortic stenosis: determinant of exercise capacityP682Left ventricular mechanics: novel tools to evaluate left ventricular function in patients with primary mitral regurgitationP683Plasma B-type natriuretic peptide level in patients with isolated rheumatic mitral stenosisP684Quantitative assessment of severity in aortic regurgitation and the influence of elastic proprieties of thoracic aortaP685Characterization of chronic aortic and mitral regurgitation using cardiovascular magnetic resonanceP686Functional mitral regurgitation: a warning sign of underlying left ventricular systolic dysfunction in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.P687Secondary mitral valve tenting in primary degenerative prolapse quantified by three-dimensional echocardiography predicts regurgitation recurrence after mitral valve repairP688Advanced heart failure with reduced ejection fraction and severe mitral insufficiency compensate with a higher oxygen peripheral extraction to a reduced cardiac output vs oxygen uptake response to maxP689Predictors of acute procedural success after percutaneous mitraclip implantation in patients with moderate-to-severe or severe mitral regurgitation and reduced ejection fractionP690The value of transvalvular gradients obtained by transthoracic echocardiography in estimation of severe paravalvular leakage in patients with mitral prosthetic valvesP691Characteristics of infective endocarditis in a non tertiary hospitalP692Infective endocarditis: predictors of severity in a 3-year retrospective analysisP693New echocardiographic predictors of early recurrent mitral functional regurgitation after mitraclip implantationP694Transesophageal echocardiography can be reliably used for the allocation of patients with severe aortic stenosis for tras-catheter aortic valve implantationP695Annular sizing for transcatheter aortic valve selection. A comparison between computed tomography and 3D echocardiographyP696Association between aortic dilatation, mitral valve prolapse and atrial septal aneurysm: first descriptive study.CardiomyopathiesP698Cardiac resynchronization therapy by multipoint pacing improves the acute response of left ventricular mechanics and fluid dynamics: a three-dimensional and particle image velocimetry echo studyP699Long-term natural history of right ventricular function in dilated cardiomyopathy: innocent bystander or leading actor?P700Right to left ventricular interdependence at rest and during exercise assessed by the ratio between pulmonary systolic to diastolic time in heart failure reduced ejection fractionP701Exercise strain imaging demonstrates impaired right ventricular contractile reserve in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathyP702Prevalence of overt left ventricular dysfunction (burn-out phase) in a portuguese population of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, a multicentre studyP703Systolic and diastolic myocardial mechanics in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and their link to the extent of hypertrophy, replacement fibrosis and interstitial fibrosisP704Multimodality imaging and genotype-phenotype associations in a cohort of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy studied by next generation sequencing and cardiac magnetic resonanceP705Sudden cardiac death risk assessment in apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: do we need to add MRI to the equation?P706Prognostic value of left ventricular ejection fraction, proBNP, exercise capacity, and NYHA functional class in patients with left ventricular non-compaction cardiomyopathyP707The anti-hypertrophic microRNAs miR-1, miR-133a and miR-26b and their relationship to left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with essential hypertensionP708Prevalence of left ventricular systolic dysfunction in a portuguese population of left ventricular non-compaction cardiomyopathy, a multicentre studyP709Assessment of systolic and diastolic features in light chain amyloidosis: an echocardiographic and cardiac magnetic resonance studyP710Morbid obesity-associated hypertension identifies bariatric surgery best responders: Clinical and echocardiographic follow up studyP711Echocardiographic markera for overhydration in patients under haemodialysisP712Gender aspects of right ventricular size and function in clinically stable heart transplant patientsP713Evidence of cardiac stem cells from the left ventricular apical tip in patients undergone LVAD implant: a comparative strain-ultrastructural studySystemic diseases and other conditionsP714Speckle tracking assessment of right ventricular function is superior for differentiation of pressure versus volume overloaded right ventricleP715Prognostic value of pulmonary arterial pressure: analysis in a large dataset of timely matched non-invasive and invasive assessmentsP716Effect of the glucagon-like peptide-1 analogue liraglutide on left ventricular diastolic and systolic function in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomised, single-blinded, crossover pilot studyP717Tissue doppler evaluation of left ventricular functions, left atrial mechanical functions and atrial electromechanical delay in juvenile idiopathic arthritisP718Echocardiographic detection of subclinical left ventricular dysfunction in patients with rheumatoid arthritisP719Left ventricular strain values are unaffected by intense training: a longitudinal, speckle-tracking studyP720Diastolic left ventricular function in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease: a matched-cohort, speckle-tracking echocardiographic studyP721Relationship between adiponectin level and left ventricular mass and functionP722Left atrial function is impaired in patients with multiple sclerosisMasses, tumors and sources of embolismP723Paradoxical embolization to the brain in patients with acute pulmonary embolism and confirmed patent foramen ovale with bidirectional shunt, results of prospective monitoringP724Following the European Society of Cardiology proposed echocardiographic algorithm in elective patients with clinical suspicion of infective endocarditis: diagnostic yield and prognostic implicationsP725Metastatic cardiac18F-FDG uptake in patients with malignancy: comparison with echocardiographic findingsDiseases of the aortaP726Echocardiographic measurements of aortic pulse wave velocity correlate well with invasive methodP727Assessment of increase in aortic and carotid intimal medial thickness in adolescent type 1 diabetic patientsStress echocardiographyP728Determinants and prognostic significance of heart rate variability in renal transplant candidates undergoing dobutamine stress echocardiographyP729Pattern of cardiac output vs O2 uptake ratio during maximal exercise in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: pathophysiological insightsP730Prognostic value and predictive factors of cardiac events in patients with normal exercise echocardiographyP731Right ventricular mechanics during exercise echocardiography: normal values, feasibility and reproducibility of conventional and new right ventricular function parametersP732The added value of exercise-echo in heart failure patients: assessing dynamic changes in extravascular lung waterP733Applicability of appropriate use criteria of exercise stress echocardiography in real-life practice: what have we improved with new documents?Transesophageal echocardiographyP7343D-TEE guidance in percutaneous mitral valve interventions correcting mitral regurgitationContrast echocardiographyP735Pulmonary transit time by contrast enhanced ultrasound as parameter for cardiac performance: a comparison with magnetic resonance imaging and NT-ProBNPReal-time three-dimensional TEEP736Optimal parameter selection for anisotropic diffusion denoising filters applied to aortic valve 4d echocardiographsP737Left ventricle systolic function in non-alcoholic cirrhotic candidates for liver transplantation: a three-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography studyTissue Doppler and speckle trackingP738Optimizing speckle tracking echocardiography strain measurements in infants: an in-vitro phantom studyP739Usefulness of vascular mechanics in aortic degenerative valve disease to estimate prognosis: a two dimensional speckle tracking studyP740Vascular mechanics in aortic degenerative valve disease: a two dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography studyP741Statins and vascular load in aortic valve disease patients, a speckle tracking echocardiography studyP742Is Left Bundle Branch Block only an electrocardiographic abnormality? Study of LV function by 2D speckle tracking in patients with normal ejection fractionP743Dominant inheritance of global longitudinal strain in a population of healthy and hypertensive twinsP744Mechanical differences of left atria in paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: A speckle-tracking study.P745Different distribution of myocardial deformation between hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and aortic stenosisP746Left atrial mechanics in patients with chronic renal failure. Incremental value for atrial fibrillation predictionP747Subclinical myocardial dysfunction in cancer patients: is there a direct effect of tumour growth?P748The abnormal global longitudinal strain predicts significant circumflex artery disease in low risk acute coronary syndromeP7493D-Speckle tracking echocardiography for assessing ventricular funcion and infarct size in young patients after acute coronary syndromeP750Evaluation of left ventricular dyssynchrony by echocardiograhy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus without clinically evident cardiac diseaseP751Differences in myocardial function between peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis patients: insights from speckle tracking echoP752Appraisal of left atrium changes in hypertensive heart disease: insights from a speckle tracking studyP753Left ventricular rotational behavior in hypertensive patients: Two dimensional speckle tracking imaging studyComputed Tomography & Nuclear CardiologyP754Effectiveness of adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction of 64-slice dual-energy ct pulmonary angiography in the patients with reduced iodine load: comparison with standard ct pulmonary angiograP755Clinical prediction model to inconclusive result assessed by coronary computed tomography angiography. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jev277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Khan MS, Kanwal B, Nazir S. Metabolic engineering of the chloroplast genome reveals that the yeast ArDH gene confers enhanced tolerance to salinity and drought in plants. Front Plant Sci 2015; 6:725. [PMID: 26442039 PMCID: PMC4563877 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Osmoprotectants stabilize proteins and membranes against the denaturing effect of high concentrations of salts and other harmful solutes. In yeast, arabitol dehydrogenase (ArDH) reduces D-ribulose to D-arabitol where D-ribulose is derived by dephosphorylating D-ribulose-5-PO4 in the oxidized pentose pathway. Osmotolerance in plants could be developed through metabolic engineering of chloroplast genome by introducing genes encoding polyols since chloroplasts offer high level transgene expression and containment. Here, we report that ArDH expression in tobacco chloroplasts confers tolerance to NaCl (up to 400 mM). Transgenic plants compared to wild type (WT) survived for only 4-5 weeks on 400 mM NaCl whereas plants remained green and grew normal on concentrations up to 350 mM NaCl. Further, a-week-old seedlings were also challenged with poly ethylene glycol (PEG, up to 6%) in the liquid medium, considering that membranes and proteins are protected under stress conditions due to accumulation of arabitol in chloroplasts. Seedlings were tolerant to 6% PEG, suggesting that ARDH enzyme maintains integrity of membranes in chloroplasts under drought conditions via metabolic engineering. Hence, the gene could be expressed in agronomic plants to withstand abiotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Sarwar Khan
- Center of Agricultural Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Agriculture, FaisalabadPakistan
| | - Benish Kanwal
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Eningeering, FaisalabadPakistan
| | - Shahid Nazir
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute – Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, FaisalabadPakistan
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Assefa H, Mulate B, Nazir S, Alemayehu A. Cystic echinococcosis amongst small ruminants and humans in central Ethiopia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 82:E1-7. [PMID: 26304166 PMCID: PMC6238683 DOI: 10.4102/ojvr.v82i1.949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Revised: 05/23/2015] [Accepted: 06/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of cystic echinococcosis (CE) in small ruminants and humans in Addis Ababa, central Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study involving systematic random sampling was conducted to estimate the prevalence of CE in 512 small ruminants (262 sheep and 250 goats) slaughtered at Addis Ababa Abattoir Enterprise between October 2011 and March 2012. Hydatid cysts were identified macroscopically during postmortem examination and their fertility and viability were determined. CE was observed in 21 (8.02%) sheep and 17 (6.80%) goats. In sheep 13 (4.96%) of the lungs, 10 (3.81%) livers and 1 (0.381%) heart were found to be infected with hydatid cysts. Involvement of lung and liver in goats was found to be 10 (4.0%) and 8 (3.2%) respectively, with no cysts recorded in the heart. Of the total of 77 and 47 cysts encountered in sheep and goats, 33 (42.85%) and 15 (31.91%) respectively were fertile. Viability of protoscoleces from fertile cysts in sheep (29 [87.87%]) was higher than in goats (6 [40.0%]). For humans, retrospective analysis covering five years of case reports at two major hospitals in Addis Ababa between January 2008 and December 2012 showed that of the total of 25 840 patients admitted for ultrasound examination, 27 CE cases were registered, a prevalence of 0.1% and mean annual incidence rate of approximately 0.18 cases per 100 000 population. Liver was the major organ affected in humans (81.5% in affected patients) followed by spleen (11.1%) and kidney (7.4%). Logistic regression analysis showed that prevalence of CE varied significantly in relation to host age in the small ruminants (OR = 3.93, P < 0.05) as well as in humans (95% CI, R = 4.8). This epidemiological study confirms the importance of CE in small ruminants and humans in central Ethiopia, emphasising the need for integrated approaches to controlling this neglected preventable disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shahid Nazir
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Wollo University.
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Abstract
The adsorption geometry and electronic properties of a zinc-phthalocyanine molecule on a Cu(111) substrate are studied by density functional theory. In agreement with experiment, we find remarkable distortions of the molecule, mainly as the central Zn atom tends towards the substrate to minimize the Zn-Cu distance. As a consequence, the Zn-N chemical bonding and energy levels of the molecule are significantly modified. However, charge transfer induces metallic states on the molecule and therefore is more important for the ZnPc/Cu(111) system than the structural distortions.
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Nazir S, Khan MS. Chloroplast-encoded chlB gene from Pinus thunbergii promotes root and early chlorophyll pigment development in Nicotiana tabaccum. Mol Biol Rep 2012; 39:10637-46. [PMID: 23053961 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-012-1953-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2012] [Accepted: 10/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Chlorophyll biosynthesis is catalyzed by two multi subunit enzymes; a light-dependent and a light-independent protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase. The light-independent enzyme consists of three subunits (ChlL, ChlN and ChlB) in photosynthetic bacteria and plastids in which the chlB gene encodes the major subunit that catalyzes the reduction of protochlorophyllide to chlorophyllide. We report here stable integration of the chlB gene from Pinus thunbergii into the chloroplast genome of tobacco. Using helium-driven biolistic gun, transplastomic clones were developed in vitro. The stable integration and homoplasmy for transgenes was confirmed by using PCR and Southern blotting techniques. Nodal cuttings of the homoplasmic transgenic and untransformed wild type shoots were cultured on MS medium in the dark. As expected, shoots developed from the cuttings of the wild type plants in the dark showed etiolated growth with no roots whereas shoots from the cuttings of the transgenic plants developed early and more roots. Upon shifting from dark to light in growth room, leaves of the transgenic shoots showed early development of chlorophyll pigments compared to the wild type shoots. Further, photosynthetically indistinguishable transgenic shoots also showed significant difference in root development from untransformed wild type shoots when cuttings were grown in the light. Therefore, it may be concluded that the chlB gene is involved, directly or indirectly, in the root development of tobacco. Further, the gene promotes early development of chlorophyll pigments, upon illumination from dark, in addition to its role in the light-independent chlorophyll formation when expressed together with subunits L&N in other organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahid Nazir
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), P. O. Box 577, Jhang Road, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
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