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de Oliveira Silva YR, Zheng D, Peters SC, Fisher OS. Stabilization of a Cu-binding site by a highly conserved tryptophan residue. J Inorg Biochem 2024; 253:112501. [PMID: 38342077 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2024.112501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Copper serves as an essential cofactor for nearly all living organisms. There are still many gaps remaining in our knowledge of how Gram-positive bacteria import copper and maintain homeostasis. To obtain a better understanding of how these processes work, here we focus on the ycnKJI operon responsible for regulating copper levels in the Gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis. This operon encodes three Cu-related proteins: a copper-dependent transcriptional repressor (YcnK), a putative copper importer (YcnJ), and a copper-binding protein of unknown function (YcnI). We previously found that YcnI's extracellular Domain of Unknown Function 1775 (DUF1775) houses a monohistidine brace motif that coordinates a single Cu(II) ion. The Cu(II) binding site includes a highly conserved tryptophan residue. Here, we investigate the role of that tryptophan and the ability of the protein to interact with other oxidation states of Cu. We find that YcnI exhibits strong preference for binding Cu in the oxidized Cu(II) state, and that the conserved tryptophan residue is not essential for the interaction. We determine the structure of a tryptophan variant to 1.95 Å resolution that indicates that the tryptophan is needed to stabilize the metal binding interaction, and find that this variant has weaker affinity for Cu(II) than the wild-type protein. Together, these data provide further insights into the DUF1775 domain family and reveal the role of the conserved tryptophan residue.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dia Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, Lehigh University, 6 E Packer Ave, Bethlehem, PA 18015, USA
| | - Stephen C Peters
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lehigh University, 1 W Packer Ave, Bethlehem, PA 18015, USA
| | - Oriana S Fisher
- Department of Chemistry, Lehigh University, 6 E Packer Ave, Bethlehem, PA 18015, USA.
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2
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Deng Y, Mou T, Wang J, Su J, Yan Y, Zhang YQ. Characterization of three rapidly growing novel Mycobacterium species with significant polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon bioremediation potential. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1225746. [PMID: 37744919 PMCID: PMC10517868 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1225746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium species exhibit high bioremediation potential for the degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) that are significant environmental pollutants. In this study, three Gram-positive, rapidly growing strains (YC-RL4T, MB418T, and HX176T) were isolated from petroleum-contaminated soils and were classified as Mycobacterium within the family Mycobacteriaceae. Genomic average nucleotide identity (ANI; < 95%) and digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH; < 70%) values relative to other Mycobacterium spp. indicated that the strains represented novel species. The morphological, physiological, and chemotaxonomic characteristics of the isolates also supported their affiliation with Mycobacterium and their delineation as novel species. The strains were identified as Mycobacterium adipatum sp. nov. (type strain YC-RL4T = CPCC 205684T = CGMCC 1.62027T), Mycobacterium deserti sp. nov. (type strain MB418T = CPCC 205710T = KCTC 49782T), and Mycobacterium hippophais sp. nov. (type strain HX176T = CPCC 205372T = KCTC 49413T). Genes encoding enzymes involved in PAH degradation and metal resistance were present in the genomes of all three strains. Specifically, genes encoding alpha subunits of aromatic ring-hydroxylating dioxygenases were encoded by the genomes. The genes were also identified as core genes in a pangenomic analysis of the three strains along with 70 phylogenetically related mycobacterial strains that were previously classified as Mycolicibacterium. Notably, strain YC-RL4T could not only utilize phthalates as their sole carbon source for growth, but also convert di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate into phthalic acid. These results indicated that strains YC-RL4T, MB418T, and HX176T were important resources with significant bioremediation potential in soils contaminated by PAHs and heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Deng
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs, Beijing, China
| | - Tong Mou
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs, Beijing, China
| | - Junhuan Wang
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Su
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yanchun Yan
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Qin Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs, Beijing, China
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3
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Guo J, Fisher OS. Orchestrating copper binding: structure and variations on the cupredoxin fold. J Biol Inorg Chem 2022; 27:529-540. [PMID: 35994119 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-022-01955-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A large number of copper binding proteins coordinate metal ions using a shared three-dimensional fold called the cupredoxin domain. This domain was originally identified in Type 1 "blue copper" centers but has since proven to be a common domain architecture within an increasingly large and diverse group of copper binding domains. The cupredoxin fold has a number of qualities that make it ideal for coordinating Cu ions for purposes including electron transfer, enzyme catalysis, assembly of other copper sites, and copper sequestration. The structural core does not undergo major conformational changes upon metal binding, but variations within the coordination environment of the metal site confer a range of Cu-binding affinities, reduction potentials, and spectroscopic properties. Here, we discuss these proteins from a structural perspective, examining how variations within the overall cupredoxin fold and metal binding sites are linked to distinct spectroscopic properties and biological functions. Expanding far beyond the blue copper proteins, cupredoxin domains are used by a growing number of proteins and enzymes as a means of binding copper ions, with many more likely remaining to be identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Guo
- Department of Chemistry, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA
| | - Oriana S Fisher
- Department of Chemistry, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA.
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4
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Novoa-Aponte L, Argüello JM. Unique underlying principles shaping copper homeostasis networks. J Biol Inorg Chem 2022; 27:509-528. [PMID: 35802193 PMCID: PMC9470648 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-022-01947-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Copper is essential in cells as a cofactor for key redox enzymes. Bacteria have acquired molecular components that sense, uptake, distribute, and expel copper ensuring that cuproenzymes are metallated and steady-state metal levels are maintained. Toward preventing deleterious reactions, proteins bind copper ions with high affinities and transfer the metal via ligand exchange, warranting that copper ions are always complexed. Consequently, the directional copper distribution within cell compartments and across cell membranes requires specific dynamic interactions and metal exchange between cognate holo-apo protein partners. These metal exchange reactions are determined by thermodynamic and kinetics parameters and influenced by mass action. Then, copper distribution can be conceptualized as a molecular system of singular interacting elements that maintain a physiological copper homeostasis. This review focuses on the impact of copper high-affinity binding and exchange reactions on the homeostatic mechanisms, the conceptual models to describe the cell as a homeostatic system, the various molecule functions that contribute to copper homeostasis, and the alternative system architectures responsible for copper homeostasis in model bacteria. Graphical Abstract ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Novoa-Aponte
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, 60 Prescott St, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA.,Genetics and Metabolism Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - José M Argüello
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, 60 Prescott St, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA.
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5
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Llorca MG, Martínez-Espinosa RM. Assessment of Haloferax mediterranei Genome in Search of Copper-Molecular Machinery With Potential Applications for Bioremediation. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:895296. [PMID: 35783429 PMCID: PMC9240420 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.895296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Heavy metals are essential micronutrients at low concentrations, serving as cofactors for relevant microbial enzymes (i.e., respiratory nitrate and nitrite reductases NADH dehydrogenase-2, amine oxidase, etc.), but they become harmful cellular intoxicants at significant low concentrations compared to other chemical compounds. The increasing need to incorporate bioremediation in the removal of heavy metals and other contaminants from wastewaters has led extremophiles to the spotlight of research. The haloarchaeon Haloferax mediterranei has promising physiological characteristics regarding bioremediation. However, little is known about how haloarchaea manage to resist high concentrations of heavy metals in the environment. The aim of this work is to develop bioinformatics research as the first step for further omics-based studies to shed light on copper metabolism in haloarchaea by analyzing H. mediterranei genome (strain ATCC 33500). To reach this aim, genome and protein databases have been consulted, and copper-related genes have been identified. BLAST analysis has been carried out to find similarities between copper resistance genes described from other microorganisms and H. mediterranei genes. Plausible copper importer genes, genes coding for siderophores, and copper exporters belonging to P1B-type ATPase group have been found apart from genes encoding copper chaperones, metal-responsive transcriptional regulators, and several proteins belonging to the cupredoxin superfamily: nitrite reductase, nitrous oxide reductases, cytochrome c oxidases, multicopper oxidases, and small blue copper proteins from the amicyanin/pseudoazurin families as halocyanins. As the presence of heavy metals causes oxidative stress, genes coding for proteins involved in antioxidant mechanisms have been also explored: thioredoxin, glutaredoxin, peroxiredoxin, catalase, and γ-glutamylcysteine as an analog of glutathione. Bioinformatic-based analysis of H. mediterranei genome has revealed a set of genes involved in copper metabolism that could be of interest for bioremediation purposes. The analysis of genes involved in antioxidative mechanisms against heavy metals makes it possible to infer the capability of H. mediterranei to synthesize inorganic polyphosphate granules against oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina García Llorca
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Division, Department of Agrochemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Rosa María Martínez-Espinosa
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Division, Department of Agrochemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain
- Multidisciplinary Institute for Environmental Studies “Ramón Margalef”, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain
- *Correspondence: Rosa María Martínez-Espinosa,
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6
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Kekez I, Faletar M, Kekez M, Cendron L, Wright M, Zanotti G, Matković-Čalogović D. Copper Binding and Oligomerization Studies of the Metal Resistance Determinant CrdA from Helicobacter pylori. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27113387. [PMID: 35684325 PMCID: PMC9182242 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27113387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Within this research, the CrdA protein from Helicobacter pylori (HpCrdA), a putative copper-binding protein important for the survival of bacterium, was biophysically characterized in a solution, and its binding affinity toward copper was experimentally determined. Incubation of HpCrdA with Cu(II) ions favors the formation of the monomeric species in the solution. The modeled HpCrdA structure shows a conserved methionine-rich region, a potential binding site for Cu(I), as in the structures of similar copper-binding proteins, CopC and PcoC, from Pseudomonas syringae and from Escherichia coli, respectively. Within the conserved amino acid motif, HpCrdA contains two additional methionines and two glutamic acid residues (MMXEMPGMXXMXEM) in comparison to CopC and PcoC but lacks the canonical Cu(II) binding site (two His) since the sequence has no His residues. The methionine-rich site is in a flexible loop and can adopt different geometries for the two copper oxidation states. It could bind copper in both oxidation states (I and II), but with different binding affinities, micromolar was found for Cu(II), and less than nanomolar is proposed for Cu(I). Considering that CrdA is a periplasmic protein involved in chaperoning copper export and delivery in the H. pylori cell and that the affinity of the interaction corresponds to a middle or strong metal–protein interaction depending on the copper oxidation state, we conclude that the interaction also occurs in vivo and is physiologically relevant for H. pylori.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Kekez
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.F.); (M.K.)
- Correspondence: (I.K.); (D.M.-Č.); Tel.: +385-14-606-345 (D.M.-Č.)
| | - Mihovil Faletar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.F.); (M.K.)
| | - Mario Kekez
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.F.); (M.K.)
| | - Laura Cendron
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padua, Italy;
| | - Maya Wright
- Fluidic Analytics Ltd., Unit A Paddocks Business Centre, Cherry Hinton Road, Cambridge CB1 8DH, UK;
| | - Giuseppe Zanotti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padua, Italy;
| | - Dubravka Matković-Čalogović
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.F.); (M.K.)
- Correspondence: (I.K.); (D.M.-Č.); Tel.: +385-14-606-345 (D.M.-Č.)
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7
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Hadley RC, Zhitnitsky D, Livnat-Levanon N, Masrati G, Vigonsky E, Rose J, Ben-Tal N, Rosenzweig AC, Lewinson O. The copper-linked Escherichia coli AZY operon: Structure, metal binding, and a possible physiological role in copper delivery. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:101445. [PMID: 34822841 PMCID: PMC8689200 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The Escherichia coli yobA-yebZ-yebY (AZY) operon encodes the proteins YobA, YebZ, and YebY. YobA and YebZ are homologs of the CopC periplasmic copper-binding protein and the CopD putative copper importer, respectively, whereas YebY belongs to the uncharacterized Domain of Unknown Function 2511 family. Despite numerous studies of E. coli copper homeostasis and the existence of the AZY operon in a range of bacteria, the operon's proteins and their functional roles have not been explored. In this study, we present the first biochemical and functional studies of the AZY proteins. Biochemical characterization and structural modeling indicate that YobA binds a single Cu2+ ion with high affinity. Bioinformatics analysis shows that YebY is widespread and encoded either in AZY operons or in other genetic contexts unrelated to copper homeostasis. We also determined the 1.8 Å resolution crystal structure of E. coli YebY, which closely resembles that of the lantibiotic self-resistance protein MlbQ. Two strictly conserved cysteine residues form a disulfide bond, consistent with the observed periplasmic localization of YebY. Upon treatment with reductants, YebY binds Cu+ and Cu2+ with low affinity, as demonstrated by metal-binding analysis and tryptophan fluorescence. Finally, genetic manipulations show that the AZY operon is not involved in copper tolerance or antioxidant defense. Instead, YebY and YobA are required for the activity of the copper-related NADH dehydrogenase II. These results are consistent with a potential role of the AZY operon in copper delivery to membrane proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rose C Hadley
- Departments of Molecular Biosciences and Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Daniel Zhitnitsky
- Department of Biochemistry and the Rappaport Institute for Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Nurit Livnat-Levanon
- Department of Biochemistry and the Rappaport Institute for Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Gal Masrati
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Elena Vigonsky
- Department of Biochemistry and the Rappaport Institute for Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Jessica Rose
- Department of Biochemistry and the Rappaport Institute for Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Nir Ben-Tal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Amy C Rosenzweig
- Departments of Molecular Biosciences and Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA.
| | - Oded Lewinson
- Department of Biochemistry and the Rappaport Institute for Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.
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8
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The Advantages of EPR Spectroscopy in Exploring Diamagnetic Metal Ion Binding and Transfer Mechanisms in Biological Systems. MAGNETOCHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/magnetochemistry8010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy has emerged as an ideal biophysical tool to study complex biological processes. EPR spectroscopy can follow minor conformational changes in various proteins as a function of ligand or protein binding or interactions with high resolution and sensitivity. Resolving cellular mechanisms, involving small ligand binding or metal ion transfer, is not trivial and cannot be studied using conventional biophysical tools. In recent years, our group has been using EPR spectroscopy to study the mechanism underlying copper ion transfer in eukaryotic and prokaryotic systems. This mini-review focuses on our achievements following copper metal coordination in the diamagnetic oxidation state, Cu(I), between biomolecules. We discuss the conformational changes induced in proteins upon Cu(I) binding, as well as the conformational changes induced in two proteins involved in Cu(I) transfer. We also consider how EPR spectroscopy, together with other biophysical and computational tools, can identify the Cu(I)-binding sites. This work describes the advantages of EPR spectroscopy for studying biological processes that involve small ligand binding and transfer between intracellular proteins.
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9
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Alonso-Reyes DG, Galván FS, Portero LR, Alvarado NN, Farías ME, Vazquez MP, Albarracín VH. Genomic insights into an andean multiresistant soil actinobacterium of biotechnological interest. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 37:166. [PMID: 34463818 PMCID: PMC8405860 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-021-03129-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Central-Andean Ecosystems (between 2000 and 6000 m above sea level (masl) are typical arid-to-semiarid environments suffering from the highest total solar and ultraviolet-B radiation on the planet but displaying numerous salt flats and shallow lakes. Andean microbial ecosystems isolated from these environments are of exceptional biodiversity enduring multiple severe conditions. Furthermore, the polyextremophilic nature of the microbes in such ecosystems indicates the potential for biotechnological applications. Within this context, the study undertaken used genome mining, physiological and microscopical characterization to reveal the multiresistant profile of Nesterenkonia sp. Act20, an actinobacterium isolated from the soil surrounding Lake Socompa, Salta, Argentina (3570 masl). Ultravioet-B, desiccation, and copper assays revealed the strain's exceptional resistance to all these conditions. Act20's genome presented coding sequences involving resistance to antibiotics, low temperatures, ultraviolet radiation, arsenic, nutrient-limiting conditions, osmotic stress, low atmospheric-oxygen pressure, heavy-metal stress, and toxic fluoride and chlorite. Act20 can also synthesize proteins and natural products such as an insecticide, bacterial cellulose, ectoine, bacterial hemoglobin, and even antibiotics like colicin V and aurachin C. We also found numerous enzymes for animal- and vegetal-biomass degradation and applications in other industrial processes. The resilience of Act20 and its biotechnologic potential were thoroughly demonstrated in this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Gonzalo Alonso-Reyes
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Ultraestructural y Molecular, Centro Integral de Microscopía Electrónica (CIME), Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia, UNT y CONICET, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Fátima Silvina Galván
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Ultraestructural y Molecular, Centro Integral de Microscopía Electrónica (CIME), Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia, UNT y CONICET, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Luciano Raúl Portero
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Ultraestructural y Molecular, Centro Integral de Microscopía Electrónica (CIME), Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia, UNT y CONICET, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Natalia Noelia Alvarado
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Ultraestructural y Molecular, Centro Integral de Microscopía Electrónica (CIME), Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia, UNT y CONICET, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - María Eugenia Farías
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones Microbiológicas de Lagunas Andinas (LIMLA), Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales y Microbiológicos (PROIMI), CCT, CONICET, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Martín P Vazquez
- HERITAS-CONICET, Ocampo 210 bis, Predio CCT, 2000, Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Virginia Helena Albarracín
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Ultraestructural y Molecular, Centro Integral de Microscopía Electrónica (CIME), Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia, UNT y CONICET, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina.
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina.
- Centro Integral de Microscopía Electrónica (CIME, CONICET, UNT), Camino de Sirga s/n. FAZ, Finca El Manantial, 4107, Yerba Buena, Tucumán, Argentina.
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10
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Damle MS, Singh AN, Peters SC, Szalai VA, Fisher OS. The YcnI protein from Bacillus subtilis contains a copper-binding domain. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:101078. [PMID: 34400169 PMCID: PMC8424229 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteria require a precise balance of copper ions to ensure that essential cuproproteins are fully metalated while also avoiding copper-induced toxicity. The Gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis maintains appropriate copper homeostasis in part through the ycn operon. The ycn operon comprises genes encoding three proteins: the putative copper importer YcnJ, the copper-dependent transcriptional repressor YcnK, and the uncharacterized Domain of Unknown Function 1775 (DUF1775) containing YcnI. DUF1775 domains are found across bacterial phylogeny, and bioinformatics analyses indicate that they frequently neighbor domains implicated in copper homeostasis and transport. Here, we investigated whether YcnI can interact with copper and, using electron paramagnetic resonance and inductively coupled plasma-MS, found that this protein can bind a single Cu(II) ion. We determine the structure of both the apo and copper-bound forms of the protein by X-ray crystallography, uncovering a copper-binding site featuring a unique monohistidine brace ligand set that is highly conserved among DUF1775 domains. These data suggest a possible role for YcnI as a copper chaperone and that DUF1775 domains in other bacterial species may also function in copper homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhura S Damle
- Department of Chemistry, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Aarshi N Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Stephen C Peters
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Veronika A Szalai
- Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | - Oriana S Fisher
- Department of Chemistry, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, USA.
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11
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Szczepanowski P, Noszka M, Żyła-Uklejewicz D, Pikuła F, Nowaczyk-Cieszewska M, Krężel A, Stingl K, Zawilak-Pawlik A. HP1021 is a redox switch protein identified in Helicobacter pylori. Nucleic Acids Res 2021; 49:6863-6879. [PMID: 34139017 PMCID: PMC8266642 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori is a gram-negative, microaerophilic, pathogenic bacterium and a widespread colonizer of humans. H. pylori has developed mechanisms that enable it to overcome the harsh environment of the human stomach, including reactive oxygen species (ROS). Interestingly, up to now no typical regulator dedicated to the oxidative-stress response has been discovered. In this work, we reveal that the inhibitor of replication initiation HP1021 functions as a redox switch protein in H. pylori and plays an important role in response to oxidative stress of the gastric pathogen. Each of the two predicted HP1021 domains contains three cysteine residues. We show that the cysteine residues of HP1021 are sensitive to oxidation both in vitro and in vivo, and we demonstrate that HP1021 DNA-binding activity to oriC depends on the redox state of the protein. Moreover, Zn2+ modulates HP1021 affinity towards oriC template DNA. Transcription analysis of selected H. pylori genes by RT-qPCR indicated that HP1021 is directly involved in the oxygen-dependent control of H. pylori fecA3 and gluP genes, which are implicated in response to oxidative stress. In conclusion, HP1021 is a redox switch protein and could be a target for H. pylori control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Szczepanowski
- Department of Microbiology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław 53-114, Poland
| | - Mateusz Noszka
- Department of Microbiology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław 53-114, Poland
| | - Dorota Żyła-Uklejewicz
- Department of Microbiology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław 53-114, Poland
| | - Fabian Pikuła
- Department of Microbiology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław 53-114, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Nowaczyk-Cieszewska
- Department of Microbiology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław 53-114, Poland
| | - Artur Krężel
- Department of Chemical Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, Wrocław 50-383, Poland
| | - Kerstin Stingl
- Department of Biological Safety, National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin 12277, Germany
| | - Anna Zawilak-Pawlik
- Department of Microbiology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław 53-114, Poland
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12
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Hao X, Zhu J, Rensing C, Liu Y, Gao S, Chen W, Huang Q, Liu YR. Recent advances in exploring the heavy metal(loid) resistant microbiome. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2020; 19:94-109. [PMID: 33425244 PMCID: PMC7771044 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2020.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Heavy metal(loid)s exert selective pressure on microbial communities and evolution of metal resistance determinants. Despite increasing knowledge concerning the impact of metal pollution on microbial community and ecological function, it is still a challenge to identify a consistent pattern of microbial community composition along gradients of elevated metal(loid)s in natural environments. Further, our current knowledge of the microbial metal resistome at the community level has been lagging behind compared to the state-of-the-art genetic profiling of bacterial metal resistance mechanisms in a pure culture system. This review provides an overview of the core metal resistant microbiome, development of metal resistance strategies, and potential factors driving the diversity and distribution of metal resistance determinants in natural environments. The impacts of biotic factors regulating the bacterial metal resistome are highlighted. We finally discuss the advances in multiple technologies, research challenges, and future directions to better understand the interface of the environmental microbiome with the metal resistome. This review aims to highlight the diversity and wide distribution of heavy metal(loid)s and their corresponding resistance determinants, helping to better understand the resistance strategy at the community level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuli Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Corresponding authors at: State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Jiaojiao Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Christopher Rensing
- Institute of Environmental Microbiology, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Ying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Shenghan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Wenli Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qiaoyun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yu-Rong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Corresponding authors at: State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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13
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Andrei A, Öztürk Y, Khalfaoui-Hassani B, Rauch J, Marckmann D, Trasnea PI, Daldal F, Koch HG. Cu Homeostasis in Bacteria: The Ins and Outs. MEMBRANES 2020; 10:E242. [PMID: 32962054 PMCID: PMC7558416 DOI: 10.3390/membranes10090242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is an essential trace element for all living organisms and used as cofactor in key enzymes of important biological processes, such as aerobic respiration or superoxide dismutation. However, due to its toxicity, cells have developed elaborate mechanisms for Cu homeostasis, which balance Cu supply for cuproprotein biogenesis with the need to remove excess Cu. This review summarizes our current knowledge on bacterial Cu homeostasis with a focus on Gram-negative bacteria and describes the multiple strategies that bacteria use for uptake, storage and export of Cu. We furthermore describe general mechanistic principles that aid the bacterial response to toxic Cu concentrations and illustrate dedicated Cu relay systems that facilitate Cu delivery for cuproenzyme biogenesis. Progress in understanding how bacteria avoid Cu poisoning while maintaining a certain Cu quota for cell proliferation is of particular importance for microbial pathogens because Cu is utilized by the host immune system for attenuating pathogen survival in host cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreea Andrei
- Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie, ZBMZ, Medizinische Fakultät, Albert-Ludwigs Universität Freiburg; Stefan Meier Str. 17, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; (A.A.); (Y.O.); (J.R.); (D.M.)
- Fakultät für Biologie, Albert-Ludwigs Universität Freiburg; Schänzlestrasse 1, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Yavuz Öztürk
- Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie, ZBMZ, Medizinische Fakultät, Albert-Ludwigs Universität Freiburg; Stefan Meier Str. 17, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; (A.A.); (Y.O.); (J.R.); (D.M.)
| | | | - Juna Rauch
- Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie, ZBMZ, Medizinische Fakultät, Albert-Ludwigs Universität Freiburg; Stefan Meier Str. 17, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; (A.A.); (Y.O.); (J.R.); (D.M.)
| | - Dorian Marckmann
- Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie, ZBMZ, Medizinische Fakultät, Albert-Ludwigs Universität Freiburg; Stefan Meier Str. 17, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; (A.A.); (Y.O.); (J.R.); (D.M.)
| | | | - Fevzi Daldal
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
| | - Hans-Georg Koch
- Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie, ZBMZ, Medizinische Fakultät, Albert-Ludwigs Universität Freiburg; Stefan Meier Str. 17, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; (A.A.); (Y.O.); (J.R.); (D.M.)
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14
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Alsiary RA, Alghrably M, Saoudi A, Al-Ghamdi S, Jaremko L, Jaremko M, Emwas AH. Using NMR spectroscopy to investigate the role played by copper in prion diseases. Neurol Sci 2020; 41:2389-2406. [PMID: 32328835 PMCID: PMC7419355 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-020-04321-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Prion diseases are a group of rare neurodegenerative disorders that develop as a result of the conformational conversion of normal prion protein (PrPC) to the disease-associated isoform (PrPSc). The mechanism that actually causes disease remains unclear. However, the mechanism underlying the conformational transformation of prion protein is partially understood-in particular, there is strong evidence that copper ions play a significant functional role in prion proteins and in their conformational conversion. Various models of the interaction of copper ions with prion proteins have been proposed for the Cu (II)-binding, cell-surface glycoprotein known as prion protein (PrP). Changes in the concentration of copper ions in the brain have been associated with prion diseases and there is strong evidence that copper plays a significant functional role in the conformational conversion of PrP. Nevertheless, because copper ions have been shown to have both a positive and negative effect on prion disease onset, the role played by Cu (II) ions in these diseases remains a topic of debate. Because of the unique properties of paramagnetic Cu (II) ions in the magnetic field, their interactions with PrP can be tracked even at single atom resolution using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Various NMR approaches have been utilized to study the kinetic, thermodynamic, and structural properties of Cu (II)-PrP interactions. Here, we highlight the different models of copper interactions with PrP with particular focus on studies that use NMR spectroscopy to investigate the role played by copper ions in prion diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rawiah A. Alsiary
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia/King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mawadda Alghrably
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdelhamid Saoudi
- Oncology, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia/King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suliman Al-Ghamdi
- Oncology, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia/King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lukasz Jaremko
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mariusz Jaremko
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul-Hamid Emwas
- Imaging and Characterization Core Lab, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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15
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Kang CS, Dunfield PF, Semrau JD. The origin of aerobic methanotrophy within the Proteobacteria. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2020; 366:5485640. [PMID: 31054238 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnz096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aerobic methanotrophs play critical roles in the global carbon cycle, but despite their environmental ubiquity, they are phylogenetically restricted. Via bioinformatic analyses, it is shown that methanotrophy likely arose from methylotrophy from the lateral gene transfer of either of the two known forms of methane monooxygenase (particulate and soluble methane monooxygenases). Moreover, it appears that both known forms of pyrroloquinoline quinone-dependent methanol dehydrogenase (MeDH) found in methanotrophs-the calcium-containing Mxa-MeDH and the rare earth element-containing Xox-MeDH-were likely encoded in the genomes before the acquisition of the methane monooxygenases (MMOs), but that some methanotrophs subsequently received an additional copy of Xox-MeDH-encoding genes via lateral gene transfer. Further, data are presented that indicate the evolution of methanotrophy from methylotrophy not only required lateral transfer of genes encoding for methane monooxygenases, but also likely the pre-existence of a means of collecting copper. Given the emerging interest in valorizing methane via biological platforms, it is recommended that future strategies for heterologous expression of methane monooxygenase for conversion of methane to methanol also include cloning of genes encoding mechanism(s) of copper uptake, especially for expression of particulate methane monooxygenase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina S Kang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA 48109-2125
| | - Peter F Dunfield
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada T2N 1N4
| | - Jeremy D Semrau
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA 48109-2125
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16
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Garcia-Santamarina S, Probst C, Festa RA, Ding C, Smith AD, Conklin SE, Brander S, Kinch LN, Grishin NV, Franz KJ, Riggs-Gelasco P, Lo Leggio L, Johansen KS, Thiele DJ. A lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase-like protein functions in fungal copper import and meningitis. Nat Chem Biol 2020; 16:337-344. [PMID: 31932719 PMCID: PMC7036007 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-019-0437-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Infection by the fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans causes lethal meningitis, primarily in immune-compromised individuals. Colonization of the brain by C. neoformans is dependent on copper (Cu) acquisition from the host, which drives critical virulence mechanisms. While C. neoformans Cu+ import and virulence are dependent on the Ctr1 and Ctr4 proteins, little is known concerning extracellular Cu ligands that participate in this process. We identified a C. neoformans gene, BIM1, that is strongly induced during Cu limitation and which encodes a protein related to lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs). Surprisingly, bim1 mutants are Cu deficient, and Bim1 function in Cu accumulation depends on Cu2+ coordination and cell-surface association via a glycophosphatidyl inositol anchor. Bim1 participates in Cu uptake in concert with Ctr1 and expression of this pathway drives brain colonization in mouse infection models. These studies demonstrate a role for LPMO-like proteins as a critical factor for Cu acquisition in fungal meningitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarela Garcia-Santamarina
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
- Genome Biology Unit, Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Corinna Probst
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Richard A Festa
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
- Irvine Scientific, Santa Ana, CA, USA
| | - Chen Ding
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Aaron D Smith
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Steven E Conklin
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Division of Clinical Chemistry, Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Søren Brander
- Department of Geoscience and Natural Resource, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lisa N Kinch
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Nick V Grishin
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Departments of Biophysics and Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | | | | | - Leila Lo Leggio
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Katja Salomon Johansen
- Department of Geoscience and Natural Resource, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Dennis J Thiele
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
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17
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Williams CL, Neu HM, Alamneh YA, Reddinger RM, Jacobs AC, Singh S, Abu-Taleb R, Michel SLJ, Zurawski DV, Merrell DS. Characterization of Acinetobacter baumannii Copper Resistance Reveals a Role in Virulence. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:16. [PMID: 32117089 PMCID: PMC7015863 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii is often highly drug-resistant and causes severe infections in compromised patients. These infections can be life threatening due to limited treatment options. Copper is inherently antimicrobial and increasing evidence indicates that copper containing formulations may serve as non-traditional therapeutics against multidrug-resistant bacteria. We previously reported that A. baumannii is sensitive to high concentrations of copper. To understand A. baumannii copper resistance at the molecular level, herein we identified putative copper resistance components and characterized 21 strains bearing mutations in these genes. Eight of the strains displayed a copper sensitive phenotype (pcoA, pcoB, copB, copA/cueO, copR/cusR, copS/cusS, copC, copD); the putative functions of these proteins include copper transport, oxidation, sequestration, and regulation. Importantly, many of these mutant strains still showed increased sensitivity to copper while in a biofilm. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry revealed that many of these strains had defects in copper mobilization, as the mutant strains accumulated more intracellular copper than the wild-type strain. Given the crucial antimicrobial role of copper-mediated killing employed by the immune system, virulence of these mutant strains was investigated in Galleria mellonella; many of the mutant strains were attenuated. Finally, the cusR and copD strains were also investigated in the murine pneumonia model; both were found to be important for full virulence. Thus, copper possesses antimicrobial activity against multidrug-resistant A. baumannii, and copper sensitivity is further increased when copper homeostasis mechanisms are interrupted. Importantly, these proteins are crucial for full virulence of A. baumannii and may represent novel drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin L Williams
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Heather M Neu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Yonas A Alamneh
- Wound Infections Department, Bacterial Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Ryan M Reddinger
- Wound Infections Department, Bacterial Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Anna C Jacobs
- Wound Infections Department, Bacterial Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Shweta Singh
- Wound Infections Department, Bacterial Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Rania Abu-Taleb
- Wound Infections Department, Bacterial Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Sarah L J Michel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Daniel V Zurawski
- Wound Infections Department, Bacterial Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - D Scott Merrell
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, United States
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18
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Avellan A, Simonin M, Anderson SM, Geitner NK, Bossa N, Spielman-Sun E, Bernhardt ES, Castellon BT, Colman BP, Cooper JL, Ho M, Hochella MF, Hsu-Kim H, Inoue S, King RS, Laughton S, Matson CW, Perrotta BG, Richardson CJ, Unrine JM, Wiesner MR, Lowry GV. Differential Reactivity of Copper- and Gold-Based Nanomaterials Controls Their Seasonal Biogeochemical Cycling and Fate in a Freshwater Wetland Mesocosm. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:1533-1544. [PMID: 31951397 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b05097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Reliable predictions of the environmental fate and risk of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) require a better understanding of ENM reactivity in complex, biologically active systems for chronic low-concentration exposure scenarios. Here, simulated freshwater wetland mesocosms were dosed with ENMs to assess how their reactivity and seasonal changes in environmental parameters influence ENM fate in aquatic systems. Copper-based ENMs (Kocide), known to dissolve in water, and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), stable against dissolution in the absence of specific ligands, were added weekly to mesocosm waters for 9 months. Metal accumulation and speciation changes in the different environmental compartments were assessed over time. Copper from Kocide rapidly dissolved likely associating with organic matter in the water column, transported to terrestrial soils and deeper sediment where it became associated with organic or sulfide phases. In contrast, Au accumulated on/in the macrophytes where it oxidized and transferred over time to surficial sediment. A dynamic seasonal accumulation and metal redox cycling were found between the macrophyte and the surficial sediment for AuNPs. These results demonstrate the need for experimental quantification of how the biological and chemical complexity of the environment, combined with their seasonal variations, drive the fate of metastable ENMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid Avellan
- Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology , Duke University, Durham , North Carolina 27708 , United States
- Civil & Environmental Engineering , Carnegie Mellon University , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15213 , United States
| | - Marie Simonin
- Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology , Duke University, Durham , North Carolina 27708 , United States
- Department of Biology , Duke University , Durham , North Carolina 27708 , United States
| | - Steven M Anderson
- Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology , Duke University, Durham , North Carolina 27708 , United States
- Department of Biology , Duke University , Durham , North Carolina 27708 , United States
- Forestry & Environmental Resources , North Carolina State University , Raleigh , North Carolina 27695 , United States
| | - Nicholas K Geitner
- Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology , Duke University, Durham , North Carolina 27708 , United States
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , Duke University , Durham , North Carolina 27708 , United States
| | - Nathan Bossa
- Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology , Duke University, Durham , North Carolina 27708 , United States
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , Duke University , Durham , North Carolina 27708 , United States
- LEITAT Technological Center , C/de la Innovació 2 , 08225 Terrassa , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Eleanor Spielman-Sun
- Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology , Duke University, Durham , North Carolina 27708 , United States
- Civil & Environmental Engineering , Carnegie Mellon University , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15213 , United States
| | - Emily S Bernhardt
- Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology , Duke University, Durham , North Carolina 27708 , United States
- Department of Biology , Duke University , Durham , North Carolina 27708 , United States
| | - Benjamin T Castellon
- Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology , Duke University, Durham , North Carolina 27708 , United States
- Department of Environmental Science , Baylor University , Waco , Texas 76706 , United States
| | - Benjamin P Colman
- Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology , Duke University, Durham , North Carolina 27708 , United States
- Department of Ecosystem and Conservation Sciences , University of Montana , Missoula , Montana 59812 , United States
| | - Jane L Cooper
- Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology , Duke University, Durham , North Carolina 27708 , United States
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , Duke University , Durham , North Carolina 27708 , United States
| | - Mengchi Ho
- Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology , Duke University, Durham , North Carolina 27708 , United States
- Duke University Wetland Center , Nicholas School of the Environment , Durham , North Carolina 27708 , United States
| | - Michael F Hochella
- Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology , Duke University, Durham , North Carolina 27708 , United States
- Department of Geosciences , Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University , Blacksburg , Virginia 24061 , United States
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99354 , United States
| | - Heileen Hsu-Kim
- Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology , Duke University, Durham , North Carolina 27708 , United States
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , Duke University , Durham , North Carolina 27708 , United States
| | - Sayako Inoue
- Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology , Duke University, Durham , North Carolina 27708 , United States
- Department of Geosciences , Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University , Blacksburg , Virginia 24061 , United States
| | - Ryan S King
- Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology , Duke University, Durham , North Carolina 27708 , United States
- Department of Biology , Baylor University , Waco , Texas 76706 , United States
| | - Stephanie Laughton
- Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology , Duke University, Durham , North Carolina 27708 , United States
- Civil & Environmental Engineering , Carnegie Mellon University , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15213 , United States
| | - Cole W Matson
- Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology , Duke University, Durham , North Carolina 27708 , United States
- Department of Environmental Science , Baylor University , Waco , Texas 76706 , United States
| | - Brittany G Perrotta
- Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology , Duke University, Durham , North Carolina 27708 , United States
- Department of Biology , Baylor University , Waco , Texas 76706 , United States
| | - Curtis J Richardson
- Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology , Duke University, Durham , North Carolina 27708 , United States
- Duke University Wetland Center , Nicholas School of the Environment , Durham , North Carolina 27708 , United States
| | - Jason M Unrine
- Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology , Duke University, Durham , North Carolina 27708 , United States
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences , University of Kentucky , Lexington , Kentucky 40506 , United States
| | - Mark R Wiesner
- Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology , Duke University, Durham , North Carolina 27708 , United States
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , Duke University , Durham , North Carolina 27708 , United States
| | - Gregory V Lowry
- Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology , Duke University, Durham , North Carolina 27708 , United States
- Civil & Environmental Engineering , Carnegie Mellon University , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15213 , United States
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19
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Bloch DN, Kolkowska P, Tessari I, Baratto MC, Sinicropi A, Bubacco L, Mangani S, Pozzi C, Valensin D, Miller Y. Fibrils of α-Synuclein Abolish the Affinity of Cu2+-Binding Site to His50 and Induce Hopping of Cu2+ Ions in the Termini. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:10920-10927. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b01337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel N. Bloch
- Department of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be’er Sheva 84105, Israel
- The Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science & Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be’er Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Paulina Kolkowska
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Isabella Tessari
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58b 35122, Padova, Italy
| | - Maria Camilla Baratto
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Adalgisa Sinicropi
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
- Italian National Council for Research, Institute for the Chemistry of OrganoMetallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Luigi Bubacco
- Italian National Council for Research, Institute for the Chemistry of OrganoMetallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Stefano Mangani
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Cecilia Pozzi
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Daniela Valensin
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Yifat Miller
- Department of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be’er Sheva 84105, Israel
- The Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science & Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be’er Sheva 84105, Israel
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20
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Song Z, Liu J, Hou Y, Yuan W, Yang B. Study on the interaction between pyridoxal and CopC by multi-spectroscopy and docking methods. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2019; 208:214-221. [PMID: 30321861 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.09.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The interaction between pyridoxal hydrochloride (HQ) and apoCopC was investigated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), circular dichroism (CD), fluorescence spectroscopy, three-dimensional (3D) fluorescence spectroscopy, fluorescence lifetime, TNS fluorescence and docking methods. FTIR, CD, TNS fluorescence and fluorescence lifetime experiments suggested that the apoCopC conformation was altered by HQ with an increase in the random coil content and a reduction in the β-sheet content. In addition, the data from fluorescence spectroscopy, 3D fluorescence spectroscopy and molecular docking revealed that the binding site of HQ was located in the hydrophobic area of apoCopC, and a redshift of the HQ fluorescence spectra was observed. Furthermore, ITC and fluorescence quenching data manifested that the binding ratio of HQ and apoCopC was 1:1, and the forming constant was calculated to be (7.06 ± 0.21) × 105 M-1. The thermodynamic parameters ΔH and ΔS suggested that the formation of a CopC-HQ complex depended on the hydrophobic force. Furthermore, the average binding distance between tryptophan in apoCopC and HQ was determined by means of Förster non-radioactive resonance energy transfer and molecular docking. The results agreed well with each other. As a redox switch in the modulation of copper, the interaction of apoCopC with small molecules will affect the action of the redox switch. These findings could provide useful information to illustrate the copper regulation mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Song
- Taiyuan Normal University Department of Chemistry, Jinzhong 030619, China
| | - Jin Liu
- Hubei Provincial Corps Hospital, Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Wuhan 430061, China
| | - Yuxin Hou
- Taiyuan Normal University Department of Chemistry, Jinzhong 030619, China
| | - Wen Yuan
- Taiyuan Normal University Department of Chemistry, Jinzhong 030619, China
| | - Binsheng Yang
- Institute of Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
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Song Y, Song Z, Yang B. Spectral Study on the Interactions Among Cu(II), Doxorubicin and CopC. Chem Res Chin Univ 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s40242-019-8284-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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22
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Characterization of multicopper oxidase CopA from Pseudomonas putida KT2440 and Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf-5: Involvement in bacterial lignin oxidation. Arch Biochem Biophys 2018; 660:97-107. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2018.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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23
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Morosov X, Davoudi CF, Baumgart M, Brocker M, Bott M. The copper-deprivation stimulon of Corynebacterium glutamicum comprises proteins for biogenesis of the actinobacterial cytochrome bc 1- aa 3 supercomplex. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:15628-15640. [PMID: 30154248 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.004117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Aerobic respiration in Corynebacterium glutamicum involves a cytochrome bc 1-aa 3 supercomplex with a diheme cytochrome c 1, which is the only c-type cytochrome in this species. This organization is considered as typical for aerobic Actinobacteria. Whereas the biogenesis of heme-copper type oxidases like cytochrome aa 3 has been studied extensively in α-proteobacteria, yeast, and mammals, nothing is known about this process in Actinobacteria. Here, we searched for assembly proteins of the supercomplex by identifying the copper-deprivation stimulon, which might include proteins that insert copper into cytochrome aa 3 Using gene expression profiling, we found two copper starvation-induced proteins for supercomplex formation. The Cg2699 protein, named CtiP, contained 16 predicted transmembrane helices, and its sequence was similar to that of the copper importer CopD of Pseudomonas syringae in the N-terminal half and to the cytochrome oxidase maturation protein CtaG of Bacillus subtilis in its C-terminal half. CtiP deletion caused a growth defect similar to that produced by deletion of subunit I of cytochrome aa 3, increased copper tolerance, triggered expression of the copper-deprivation stimulon under copper sufficiency, and prevented co-purification of the supercomplex subunits. The secreted Cg1884 protein, named CopC, had a C-terminal transmembrane helix and contained a Cu(II)-binding motif. Its absence caused a conditional growth defect, increased copper tolerance, and also prevented co-purification of the supercomplex subunits. CtiP and CopC are conserved among aerobic Actinobacteria, and we propose a model of their functions in cytochrome aa 3 biogenesis. Furthermore, we found that the copper-deprivation response involves additional regulators besides the ECF sigma factor SigC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xenia Morosov
- From the Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-1: Biotechnology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Cedric-Farhad Davoudi
- From the Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-1: Biotechnology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Meike Baumgart
- From the Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-1: Biotechnology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Melanie Brocker
- From the Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-1: Biotechnology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Michael Bott
- From the Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-1: Biotechnology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
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Mesterházy E, Boff B, Lebrun C, Delangle P, Jancsó A. Oligopeptide models of the metal binding loop of the bacterial copper efflux regulator protein CueR as potential Cu(I) chelators. Inorganica Chim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2017.06.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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25
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Pérez-Palacios P, Agostini E, Ibáñez SG, Talano MA, Rodríguez-Llorente ID, Caviedes MA, Pajuelo E. Removal of copper from aqueous solutions by rhizofiltration using genetically modified hairy roots expressing a bacterial Cu-binding protein. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2017; 38:2877-2888. [PMID: 28076691 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2017.1281350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to develop a biotechnological tool to hyperaccumulate high copper (Cu) concentrations from wastewaters. Transgenic tobacco hairy roots were obtained by expressing, either the wild-type version of the gene copC from Pseudomonas fluorescens in the cytoplasm of plant cells (CuHR), or a modified version targeted to the vacuole (CuHR-V). Control hairy roots transformed with the empty vector (HR) were also generated. The roots were incubated in the presence of solutions containing Cu (from 1 to 50 mM). At 5 mM external copper, transgenic hairy roots accumulated twice the amount of copper accumulated by control hairy roots. However, at 50 mM Cu, accumulation in both transgenic and control roots reached similar values. Maximum Cu accumulation achieved by transgenic hairy roots was 45,000 µg g-1 at 50 mM external Cu. Despite the high Cu accumulation, transgenic hairy roots, particularly CuHR-V, showed less toxicity symptoms, in correlation with lower activity of several antioxidant enzymes and lower malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Moreover, CuHR-V roots displayed low values of the oxidative stress index (OSI) - a global parameter proposed for oxidative stress - indicating that targeting CopC to the vacuole could alleviate the oxidative stress caused by Cu. Our results suggest that expressing copC in transgenic hairy roots is a suitable strategy to obtain Cu-hyperaccumulator hairy roots with less toxicity stress symptoms. ABBREVIATIONS APX: ascorbate peroxidase; ATSDR: Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (U.S.); BCF: bioconcentration factor; CuHR: copper-hairy roots; EDTA: ethylenediamine tetracetic acid; EPA: Environmental Protection Agency (U.S.); GSH: glutathione; HM: heavy metals; HR: control hairy roots; ICP-OES: Inductively Coupled Plasma/Optical Emission Spectrometry; MDA: malondialdehyde; NBT: nitroblue tetrazolium; OD: optical density; OSI: oxidative stress index; PCR: polymerase chain reaction; PVP: polyvynilpirrolidone; PX: peroxidase; ROS: reactive oxygen species; SOD: superoxide dismutase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Pérez-Palacios
- a Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología , Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla , Sevilla , Spain
| | - Elizabeth Agostini
- b Departamento de Biología Molecular , FCEFQyN, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto , Córdoba , Argentina
| | - Sabrina G Ibáñez
- b Departamento de Biología Molecular , FCEFQyN, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto , Córdoba , Argentina
| | - Melina A Talano
- b Departamento de Biología Molecular , FCEFQyN, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto , Córdoba , Argentina
| | - Ignacio D Rodríguez-Llorente
- a Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología , Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla , Sevilla , Spain
| | - Miguel A Caviedes
- a Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología , Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla , Sevilla , Spain
| | - Eloísa Pajuelo
- a Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología , Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla , Sevilla , Spain
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Analyses of apoptosis and DNA damage in bovine cumulus cells after in vitro maturation with different copper concentrations: consequences on early embryo development. ZYGOTE 2017; 24:869-879. [PMID: 27805544 DOI: 10.1017/s0967199416000204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of copper (Cu) during in vitro maturation (IVM) on apoptosis and DNA integrity of cumulus cells (CC); and oocyte viability. Also, the role of CC in the transport of Cu during IVM was evaluated on oocyte developmental capacity. Damage of DNA was higher in CC matured without Cu (0 µg/dl Cu, P < 0.01) with respect to cells treated with Cu for cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) exposed to 0, 20, 40, or 60 µg/dl Cu). The percentage of apoptotic cells was higher in CC matured without Cu than in CC matured with Cu. Cumulus expansion and viability of CC did not show differences in COC treated with 0, 20, 40, or 60 µg/dl Cu during IVM. After in vitro fertilization (IVF), cleavage rates were higher in COC and DO + CC (denuded oocytes + CC) with or without Cu than in DO. Independently of CC presence (COC, DO + CC or DO) the blastocyst rates were higher when 60 µg/dl Cu was added to IVM medium compared to medium alone. These results indicate that Cu supplementation to IVM medium: (i) decreased DNA damage and apoptosis in CC; (ii) did not modify oocyte viability and cumulus expansion; and (iii) improved subsequent embryo development up to blastocyst stage regardless of CC presence during IVM.
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Song Z, Yuan W, Zhu R, Wang S, Zhang C, Yang B. Study on the interaction between curcumin and CopC by spectroscopic and docking methods. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 96:192-199. [PMID: 27902937 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.11.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Revised: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin is a widely studied polyphenolic compound which has a variety of biological activity as anti-inflammatory and antitumor drugs. Recent research reported that copper chaperone binding with small molecular may relate to the treatment of cancer. In this work, the interaction between curcumin and CopC has been investigated in detail by means of UV-vis absorption, FTIR, CD, fluorescence spectroscopic and molecular docking methods The results showed that the CopC conformation was altered by curcumin with reduction of β-sheet and increase of random coil. Furthermore, curcumin can form a host-guest inclusion supramolecular complex with curcumin, and the forming constant had been calculated to be (2.85±0.21)×105M-1. In addition, the binding ability between Cu2+ and curcumin was less than that between Cu2+ and CopC. Moreover, the binding of curcumin with Cu2+ has an effect on the binding ability between curcumin and CopC. The thermodynamic parameters ΔH and ΔS at different temperatures were obtained. The formation of CopC-curcumin complex depended on the hydrophobic force, and the binding average distance between CopC and curcumin was determined. What's more, the binding site of curcumin to CopC was shown vividly by an automated public domain software package ArgusLab 4.0.1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Song
- Taiyuan Normal University Department of Chemistry, Taiyuan, 030012, China
| | - Wen Yuan
- Taiyuan Normal University Department of Chemistry, Taiyuan, 030012, China
| | - Ruitao Zhu
- Taiyuan Normal University Department of Chemistry, Taiyuan, 030012, China
| | - Song Wang
- Taiyuan Normal University Department of Chemistry, Taiyuan, 030012, China
| | - Caifeng Zhang
- Taiyuan Normal University Department of Chemistry, Taiyuan, 030012, China; Humic Acid Engineering and Technology Research Center of Shanxi Province, Taiyuan, 030012, China
| | - Binsheng Yang
- Institute of Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China.
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Hyun JS, Park SJ. Dynamic Profile of the Copper Chaperone CopP from Helicobacter Pylori Depending on the Bound Metals. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN MAGNETIC RESONANCE SOCIETY 2016. [DOI: 10.6564/jkmrs.2016.20.3.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Kenney GE, Sadek M, Rosenzweig AC. Copper-responsive gene expression in the methanotroph Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b. Metallomics 2016; 8:931-40. [PMID: 27087171 PMCID: PMC6195801 DOI: 10.1039/c5mt00289c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Methanotrophic bacteria convert methane to methanol using methane monooxygenase (MMO) enzymes. In many strains, either an iron-containing soluble (sMMO) or a copper-containing particulate (pMMO) enzyme can be produced depending on copper availability; the mechanism of this copper switch has not been elucidated. A key player in methanotroph copper homeostasis is methanobactin (Mbn), a ribosomally produced, post-translationally modified natural product with a high affinity for copper. The Mbn precursor peptide is encoded within an operon that contains a range of putative transporters, regulators, and biosynthetic proteins, but the involvement of these genes in Mbn-related processes remains unclear. Extensive time-dependent qRT-PCR studies of Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b and the constitutive sMMO-producing mutant M. trichosporium OB3b PP358 show that the Mbn operon is indeed copper-regulated, providing experimental support for its bioinformatics-based identification. Moreover, the Mbn operon is co-regulated with the sMMO operon and reciprocally regulated with the pMMO operon. Within the Mbn and sMMO operons, a subset of regulatory genes exhibits a distinct and shared pattern of expression, consistent with their proposed functions as internal regulators. In addition, genome sequencing of the M. trichosporium OB3b PP358 mutant provides new evidence for the involvement of genes adjacent to the pMMO operon in methanotroph copper homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace E. Kenney
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston,IL 60208, USA.
| | - Monica Sadek
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Amy C. Rosenzweig
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston,IL 60208, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
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Ramos-Torres KM, Kolemen S, Chang CJ. Thioether Coordination Chemistry for Molecular Imaging of Copper in Biological Systems. Isr J Chem 2016; 56:724-737. [PMID: 31263315 DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201600023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Copper is an essential element in biological systems. Its potent redox activity renders it necessary for life, but at the same time, misregulation of its cellular pools can lead to oxidative stress implicated in aging and various disease states. Copper is commonly thought of as a static cofactor buried in protein active sites; however, evidence of a more loosely bound, labile pool of copper has emerged. To help identify and understand new roles for dynamic copper pools in biology, we have developed selective molecular imaging agents for this metal, drawing inspiration from both biological binding motifs and synthetic model complexes that reveal thioether coordination as a general design strategy for selective and sensitive copper recognition. In this review, we summarize some contributions, primarily from our own laboratory, on fluorescence- and magnetic resonance-based molecular-imaging probes for studying copper in living systems using thioether coordination chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Safacan Kolemen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Berkeley, CA 94704 (USA)
| | - Christopher J Chang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Berkeley, CA 94704 (USA).,Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California Berkeley, CA 94704 (USA).,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Tel.: (+1) 510-642-4704
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Insights into the cytotoxic activity of the phosphane copper(I) complex [Cu(thp) 4][PF 6]. J Inorg Biochem 2016; 165:80-91. [PMID: 27449160 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2016.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Revised: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The phosphane Cu(I) complex [Cu(thp)4][PF6], 1 (thp=tris(hydroxymethyl)phosphane) shows notable in vitro antitumour activity against a wide range of solid tumours. Uptake experiments performed in 1-treated colon cancer cells by atomic absorption spectrometry, reveal that the antiproliferative activity is consistent with the intracellular copper content. The solution chemistry of this agent, investigated by means of X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy and spectrophotometric titrations in aqueous media, indicates that 1 is labile giving coordinative unsaturated [Cu(thp)n]+ species (n=3 and 2) at micromolar concentrations. [Cu(thp)n]+ are reactive species that yield the mixed-ligand complex [Cu(thp)2(BCS)]- (BCS: bathocuproinedisulphonate(2-)) upon interaction with N,N-diimine. Analogously, [Cu(thp)n]+ interact with the methionine-rich peptide sequence (Ac-MMMMPMTFK-NH2; Pep1), relevant in the recruiting of physiological copper, giving [Cu(thp)(Pep1)]+ and [Cu(Pep1)]+ species. The formation of these adducts was assessed by electrospray mass spectrometry in the positive ion mode and validated by density functional theory investigations. The possibility to trans-chelate Cu(I) from pure inorganic [Cu(thp)n]+ assemblies into more physiological adducts represents a pathway that complex 1 might follow during the internalization process into cancer cells.
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The stability and the metal ions binding properties of mutant A85M of CopC. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2016; 161:387-95. [PMID: 27309682 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2016.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2016] [Revised: 06/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the mutant A85M of CopC was obtained. The stability of mutant A85M of CopC and the binding properties of metal ions were clarified through various spectroscopic techniques. The binding capacity of A85M to metal ions was measured by fluorescence spectroscopy and UV differential absorbance. The results suggested that Cu(2+) can bind with A85M in 1:1 form, and the constant of A85M was nearly the same as that of CopC. Ag(+) can occupy the Cu(+) binding site located at C-terminal, and the binding constant was (2.64±0.48)×10(6)L/mol. Hg(2+) not only can occupy the Cu(+) binding site located at C-terminal, but also can occupy the Cu(2+) binding site located at N-terminal. The stability of A85M was measured by chemical unfolding experiment. The intermediate was observed in the unfolding pathway of A85M-Cu(2+) induced by urea. In addition, the interaction of SDS with A85M also can result in the formation of the intermediate. The effect of metal ions on the stability of intermediate suggested that the C terminal region of intermediate was unfolded and the N terminal region suffered few effects. Compared with CopC, the stability of A85M was decreased. The main reason was the lower stability of N terminal region. The results of molecular dynamic simulation suggested that when the alanine at 85 site was mutated to methionine, the hydrophobic almost unchanged, but the distance between the phenylalanine at 25 site and tryptophan at 83 site increased because of the spatial effect. And it made the stacking interaction of aromatic rings decreased, which was the main reason for the decreasing stability of N terminal region for A85M.
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Lawton TJ, Kenney GE, Hurley JD, Rosenzweig AC. The CopC Family: Structural and Bioinformatic Insights into a Diverse Group of Periplasmic Copper Binding Proteins. Biochemistry 2016; 55:2278-90. [PMID: 27010565 PMCID: PMC5260838 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.6b00175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The CopC proteins are periplasmic copper binding proteins believed to play a role in bacterial copper homeostasis. Previous studies have focused on CopCs that are part of seven-protein Cop or Pco systems involved in copper resistance. These canonical CopCs contain distinct Cu(I) and Cu(II) binding sites. Mounting evidence suggests that CopCs are more widely distributed, often present only with the CopD inner membrane protein, frequently as a fusion protein, and that the CopC and CopD proteins together function in the uptake of copper to the cytoplasm. In the methanotroph Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b, genes encoding a CopCD pair are located adjacent to the particulate methane monooxygenase (pMMO) operon. The CopC from this organism (Mst-CopC) was expressed, purified, and structurally characterized. The 1.46 Å resolution crystal structure of Mst-CopC reveals a single Cu(II) binding site with coordination somewhat different from that in canonical CopCs, and the absence of a Cu(I) binding site. Extensive bioinformatic analyses indicate that the majority of CopCs in fact contain only a Cu(II) site, with just 10% of sequences corresponding to the canonical two-site CopC. Accordingly, a new classification scheme for CopCs was developed, and detailed analyses of the sequences and their genomic neighborhoods reveal new proteins potentially involved in copper homeostasis, providing a framework for expanded models of CopCD function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J. Lawton
- Departments of Molecular Biosciences and of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Grace E. Kenney
- Departments of Molecular Biosciences and of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Joseph D. Hurley
- Departments of Molecular Biosciences and of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Amy C. Rosenzweig
- Departments of Molecular Biosciences and of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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Arcos-López T, Qayyum M, Rivillas-Acevedo L, Miotto MC, Grande-Aztatzi R, Fernández CO, Hedman B, Hodgson KO, Vela A, Solomon EI, Quintanar L. Spectroscopic and Theoretical Study of Cu(I) Binding to His111 in the Human Prion Protein Fragment 106-115. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:2909-22. [PMID: 26930130 PMCID: PMC4804749 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b02794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The ability of the cellular prion protein (PrP(C)) to bind copper in vivo points to a physiological role for PrP(C) in copper transport. Six copper binding sites have been identified in the nonstructured N-terminal region of human PrP(C). Among these sites, the His111 site is unique in that it contains a MKHM motif that would confer interesting Cu(I) and Cu(II) binding properties. We have evaluated Cu(I) coordination to the PrP(106-115) fragment of the human PrP protein, using NMR and X-ray absorption spectroscopies and electronic structure calculations. We find that Met109 and Met112 play an important role in anchoring this metal ion. Cu(I) coordination to His111 is pH-dependent: at pH >8, 2N1O1S species are formed with one Met ligand; in the range of pH 5-8, both methionine (Met) residues bind to Cu(I), forming a 1N1O2S species, where N is from His111 and O is from a backbone carbonyl or a water molecule; at pH <5, only the two Met residues remain coordinated. Thus, even upon drastic changes in the chemical environment, such as those occurring during endocytosis of PrP(C) (decreased pH and a reducing potential), the two Met residues in the MKHM motif enable PrP(C) to maintain the bound Cu(I) ions, consistent with a copper transport function for this protein. We also find that the physiologically relevant Cu(I)-1N1O2S species activates dioxygen via an inner-sphere mechanism, likely involving the formation of a copper(II) superoxide complex. In this process, the Met residues are partially oxidized to sulfoxide; this ability to scavenge superoxide may play a role in the proposed antioxidant properties of PrP(C). This study provides further insight into the Cu(I) coordination properties of His111 in human PrP(C) and the molecular mechanism of oxygen activation by this site.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Munzarin Qayyum
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94395, United States
| | | | - Marco C. Miotto
- Max Planck
Laboratory for Structural Biology, Chemistry and Molecular Biophysics
of Rosario (MPLbioR, UNR-MPIbpC) and Instituto de Investigaciones
para el Descubrimiento de Fármacos de Rosario (IIDEFAR, UNR-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Ocampo y Esmeralda, S2002LRK Rosario, Argentina
| | | | - Claudio O. Fernández
- Max Planck
Laboratory for Structural Biology, Chemistry and Molecular Biophysics
of Rosario (MPLbioR, UNR-MPIbpC) and Instituto de Investigaciones
para el Descubrimiento de Fármacos de Rosario (IIDEFAR, UNR-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Ocampo y Esmeralda, S2002LRK Rosario, Argentina
| | - Britt Hedman
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource (SSRL), SLAC, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Keith O. Hodgson
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94395, United States
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource (SSRL), SLAC, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Alberto Vela
- Departamento
de Química, Cinvestav, Gustavo A. Madero, 07360 México
| | - Edward I. Solomon
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94395, United States
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource (SSRL), SLAC, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
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35
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Abstract
Copper (Cu) is an essential trace element for all aerobic organisms. It functions as a cofactor in enzymes that catalyze a wide variety of redox reactions due to its ability to cycle between two oxidation states, Cu(I) and Cu(II). This same redox property of copper has the potential to cause toxicity if copper homeostasis is not maintained. Studies suggest that the toxic properties of copper are harnessed by the innate immune system of the host to kill bacteria. To counter such defenses, bacteria rely on copper tolerance genes for virulence within the host. These discoveries suggest bacterial copper intoxication is a component of host nutritional immunity, thus expanding our knowledge of the roles of copper in biology. This review summarizes our current understanding of copper tolerance in bacteria, and the extent to which these pathways contribute to bacterial virulence within the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Ladomersky
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
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36
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Toyoda K, Inui M. The extracytoplasmic function σ factor σ(C) regulates expression of a branched quinol oxidation pathway in Corynebacterium glutamicum. Mol Microbiol 2016; 100:486-509. [PMID: 26789738 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.13330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Bacteria modify their expression of different terminal oxidases in response to oxygen availability. Corynebacterium glutamicum, a facultative anaerobic bacterium of the phylum Actinobacteria, possesses aa3 -type cytochrome c oxidase and cytochrome bd-type quinol oxidase, the latter of which is induced by oxygen limitation. We report that an extracytoplasmic function σ factor, σ(C) , is responsible for the regulation of this process. Chromatin immunoprecipitation with microarray analysis detected eight σ(C) -binding regions in the genome, facilitating the identification of a consensus promoter sequence for σ(C) recognition. The promoter sequences were found upstream of genes for cytochrome bd, heme a synthesis enzymes and uncharacterized membrane proteins, all of which were upregulated by sigC overexpression. However, one consensus promoter sequence found on the antisense strand upstream of an operon encoding the cytochrome bc1 complex conferred a σ(C) -dependent negative effect on expression of the operon. The σ(C) regulon was induced by cytochrome aa3 deficiency without modifying sigC expression, but not by bc1 complex deficiency. These findings suggest that σ(C) is activated in response to impaired electron transfer via cytochrome aa3 and not directly to a shift in oxygen levels. Our results reveal a new paradigm for transcriptional regulation of the aerobic respiratory system in bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Toyoda
- Research institute of Innovative Technology for the Earth (RITE), 9-2 Kizugawadai, Kizugawa, Kyoto, 619-0292, Japan
| | - Masayuki Inui
- Research institute of Innovative Technology for the Earth (RITE), 9-2 Kizugawadai, Kizugawa, Kyoto, 619-0292, Japan.,Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5, Takayama, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0101, Japan
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Uncovering the Transmembrane Metal Binding Site of the Novel Bacterial Major Facilitator Superfamily-Type Copper Importer CcoA. mBio 2016; 7:e01981-15. [PMID: 26787831 PMCID: PMC4725013 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01981-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Uptake and trafficking of metals and their delivery to their respective metalloproteins are important processes. Cells need precise control of each step to avoid exposure to excessive metal concentrations and their harmful consequences. Copper (Cu) is a required micronutrient used as a cofactor in proteins. However, in large amounts, it can induce oxidative damage; hence, Cu homeostasis is indispensable for cell survival. Biogenesis of respiratory heme-Cu oxygen (HCO) reductases includes insertion of Cu into their catalytic subunits to form heme-Cu binuclear centers. Previously, we had shown that CcoA is a major facilitator superfamily (MFS)-type bacterial Cu importer required for biogenesis of cbb3-type cytochrome c oxidase (cbb3-Cox). Here, using Rhodobacter capsulatus, we focused on the import and delivery of Cu to cbb3-Cox. By comparing the CcoA amino acid sequence with its homologues from other bacterial species, we located several well-conserved Met, His, and Tyr residues that might be important for Cu transport. We determined the topology of the transmembrane helices that carry these residues to establish that they are membrane embedded, and substituted for them amino acids that do not ligand metal atoms. Characterization of these mutants for their uptake of radioactive 64Cu and cbb3-Cox activities demonstrated that Met233 and His261 of CcoA are essential and Met237 and Met265 are important, whereas Tyr230 has no role for Cu uptake or cbb3-Cox biogenesis. These findings show for the first time that CcoA-mediated Cu import relies on conserved Met and His residues that could act as metal ligands at the membrane-embedded Cu binding domain of this transporter. Cu is a micronutrient that is both essential and toxic; hence, its cellular homeostasis is crucial. Respiratory cbb3-type cytochrome c oxidases (cbb3-Cox) are Cu-containing energy-transducing enzymes that are important for many microaerophilic processes, including photosynthesis, respiration, and bacterial pathogenesis. How Cu is incorporated into cbb3-Cox enzymes is not well known. So far, CcoA is the only known major facilitator superfamily (MFS)-type transporter required for Cu import into the bacterial cytoplasm and for cbb3-Cox biogenesis. This study shows that the membrane-embedded, universally conserved Met and His residues of CcoA are essential for its Cu import function and also for its role in cbb3-Cox biogenesis, shedding light on the mechanism of function of this bacterial prototypical Cu importer.
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Valensin D, Padula EM, Hecel A, Luczkowski M, Kozlowski H. Specific binding modes of Cu(I) and Ag(I) with neurotoxic domain of the human prion protein. J Inorg Biochem 2015; 155:26-35. [PMID: 26606290 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2015.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Revised: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Prion diseases are neurodegenerative disorders associated with a conformational change of the normal cellular isoform of the prion protein (PrP(C)) to an abnormal scrapie isoform (PrP(Sc)). human prion protein (hPrP(C)) is able to bind up to six Cu(II) ions. Four of them are distributed in the octarepeat domain, containing four tandem-repetitions of the sequence PHGGGWGQ. Immediately outside the octarepeat domain, in so called PrP amyloidogenic region, two additional and independent Cu(II) binding sites, encompassing His96 and His111 residues, respectively, are present. Considering the potential involvement of PrP in cellular redox homeostasis, investigations on Cu(I)-PrP interaction might be also biologically relevant. Interestingly, the amyloidogenic fragment of PrP contains a -M(X)nM- motif, known to act as Cu(I) binding site in different proteins. In order to shed more light on this issue, copper(I) and silver(I) interactions with model peptides derived from that region were analyzed. The results of our studies reveal that both metal ions are anchored to two thioether sulfurs of Met109 and Met112, respectively. Subsequent metal interaction and coordination to His96 and His111 imidazoles are primarily found for Cu(I) at physiological pH. Metal binding was also investigated in the presence of negatively charged micelles formed by the anionic surfactant, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). Our results strongly support that metal binding mode strongly depends on the protein backbone structure. In particular we show that α-helix structuring of the amyloid PrP domain influences both the metal coordination sphere and the binding affinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Valensin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - Emilia Maria Padula
- Department of Chemistry, University of Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Aleksandra Hecel
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50383 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Marek Luczkowski
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50383 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Henryk Kozlowski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
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Delmar JA, Su CC, Yu EW. Heavy metal transport by the CusCFBA efflux system. Protein Sci 2015; 24:1720-36. [PMID: 26258953 DOI: 10.1002/pro.2764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
It is widely accepted that the increased use of antibiotics has resulted in bacteria with developed resistance to such treatments. These organisms are capable of forming multi-protein structures that bridge both the inner and outer membrane to expel diverse toxic compounds directly from the cell. Proteins of the resistance nodulation cell division (RND) superfamily typically assemble as tripartite efflux pumps, composed of an inner membrane transporter, a periplasmic membrane fusion protein, and an outer membrane factor channel protein. These machines are the most powerful antimicrobial efflux machinery available to bacteria. In Escherichia coli, the CusCFBA complex is the only known RND transporter with a specificity for heavy metals, detoxifying both Cu(+) and Ag(+) ions. In this review, we discuss the known structural information for the CusCFBA proteins, with an emphasis on their assembly, interaction, and the relationship between structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jared A Delmar
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, 50011
| | - Chih-Chia Su
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, 50011
| | - Edward W Yu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, 50011
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, 50011
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Beeson WT, Vu VV, Span EA, Phillips CM, Marletta MA. Cellulose degradation by polysaccharide monooxygenases. Annu Rev Biochem 2015; 84:923-46. [PMID: 25784051 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biochem-060614-034439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Polysaccharide monooxygenases (PMOs), also known as lytic PMOs (LPMOs), enhance the depolymerization of recalcitrant polysaccharides by hydrolytic enzymes and are found in the majority of cellulolytic fungi and actinomycete bacteria. For more than a decade, PMOs were incorrectly annotated as family 61 glycoside hydrolases (GH61s) or family 33 carbohydrate-binding modules (CBM33s). PMOs have an unusual surface-exposed active site with a tightly bound Cu(II) ion that catalyzes the regioselective hydroxylation of crystalline cellulose, leading to glycosidic bond cleavage. The genomes of some cellulolytic fungi contain more than 20 genes encoding cellulose-active PMOs, suggesting a diversity of biological activities. PMOs show great promise in reducing the cost of conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to fermentable sugars; however, many questions remain about their reaction mechanism and biological function. This review addresses, in depth, the structural and mechanistic aspects of oxidative depolymerization of cellulose by PMOs and considers their biological function and phylogenetic diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- William T Beeson
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
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Wijekoon CJK, Young TR, Wedd AG, Xiao Z. CopC Protein from Pseudomonas fluorescens SBW25 Features a Conserved Novel High-Affinity Cu(II) Binding Site. Inorg Chem 2015; 54:2950-9. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b00031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chathuri J. K. Wijekoon
- School
of Chemistry and Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Tessa R. Young
- School
of Chemistry and Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Anthony G. Wedd
- School
of Chemistry and Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Zhiguang Xiao
- School
of Chemistry and Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
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42
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Peruzzo V, Tisato F, Porchia M, Santini C, Pellei M, Traldi P. Electrospray ionization multi-stage mass spectrometric study of the interaction products of the cytotoxic complex [Cu(thp)₄][PF₆] with methionine-rich model peptides. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2015; 29:253-262. [PMID: 26411623 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.7100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Revised: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 11/14/2014] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE The cytotoxic activity of the copper(I) complex [Cu(thp)4][PF6] (CP) (thp = tris(hydroxymethyl) phosphine) is correlated with its high accumulation in cancer cells. Human copper transporter 1 (hCtr1) has been described as the main trans-membrane protein involved in cellular trafficking of physiological copper. Methionine-rich peptide sequences incorporated in the extracellular domain of hCtr1 play a key role in the cellular internalization of copper. We wish to investigate the interaction of CP with model peptides that mimic the extracellular domain of hCtr1. METHODS The interaction of CP with methionine-rich and methionine-free model peptides has been investigated by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and the interaction products have been characterized by multiple collisional experiments, using an ion trap mass instrument. RESULTS The interaction of CP with selected methionine-rich model peptides, Ac-MMMMPMTFK-NH2 (P1) and Ac-MGMSYMDSK-NH2 (P2), shows that the native copper complex, after sequential loss of phosphines, induces the formation of [Cu(P1)(thp)](+) and [Cu(P1/P2)](+) adducts reasonably by inclusion of the Cu(I) ion in the peptide framework. Collisionally induced fragmentations (MS(n)) of [Cu(P1/P2)](+) give evidence that the metal is coordinated by the thioether-S of two adjacent methionine residues. Interaction of the same peptides with the isostructural complex [Ag(thp)4](+) or AgNO3 yields similar experimental evidence, leading to [Ag(P1/P2)](+). CONCLUSIONS Methionine sequences incorporated in model peptides are crucial for the recruitment of copper from CP. Such a metal-peptide interaction does not take place when methionine-free Ac-NleGNleSYNleDSK-NH2 (P3) is utilized. A mechanism for tumor cell internalization of CP involving: (i) chemically driven sequential loss of phosphines from the native tetrahedral complex, followed by (ii) transfer of Cu(I) to the methionine-rich sequences typical of the hCtr1 transporter, is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Carlo Santini
- Scuola di Scienze e Tecnologie, Divisione di Chimica, Università di Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, I 62032, Camerino, (MC), Italy
| | - Maura Pellei
- Scuola di Scienze e Tecnologie, Divisione di Chimica, Università di Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, I 62032, Camerino, (MC), Italy
| | - Piero Traldi
- CNR - IENI, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127, Padova, Italy
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43
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Jullien AS, Gateau C, Lebrun C, Delangle P. Pseudo-peptides Based on Methyl Cysteine or Methionine Inspired from Mets Motifs Found in the Copper Transporter Ctr1. Inorg Chem 2015; 54:2339-44. [DOI: 10.1021/ic502962d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Solène Jullien
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INAC-SCIB, F-38000 Grenoble, France
- CEA, INAC-SCIB,
Reconnaissance Ionique et Chimie de Coordination, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Christelle Gateau
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INAC-SCIB, F-38000 Grenoble, France
- CEA, INAC-SCIB,
Reconnaissance Ionique et Chimie de Coordination, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Colette Lebrun
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INAC-SCIB, F-38000 Grenoble, France
- CEA, INAC-SCIB,
Reconnaissance Ionique et Chimie de Coordination, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Pascale Delangle
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INAC-SCIB, F-38000 Grenoble, France
- CEA, INAC-SCIB,
Reconnaissance Ionique et Chimie de Coordination, F-38000 Grenoble, France
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Giner-Lamia J, López-Maury L, Florencio FJ. CopM is a novel copper-binding protein involved in copper resistance in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. Microbiologyopen 2014; 4:167-85. [PMID: 25545960 PMCID: PMC4335983 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2014] [Revised: 11/13/2014] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Copper resistance system in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 comprises two operons, copMRS and copBAC, which are expressed in response to copper in the media. copBAC codes for a heavy-metal efflux–resistance nodulation and division (HME-RND) system, while copMRS codes for a protein of unknown function, CopM, and a two-component system CopRS, which controls the expression of these two operons. Here, we report that CopM is a periplasmic protein able to bind Cu(I) with high affinity (KD ∼3 × 10−16). Mutants lacking copM showed a sensitive copper phenotype similar to mutants affected in copB, but lower than mutants of the two-component system CopRS, suggesting that CopBAC and CopM constitute two independent resistance mechanisms. Moreover, constitutive expression of copM is able to partially suppress the copper sensitivity of the copR mutant strain, pointing out that CopM per se is able to confer copper resistance. Furthermore, constitutive expression of copM was able to reduce total cellular copper content of the copR mutant to the levels determined in the wild-type (WT) strain. Finally, CopM was localized not only in the periplasm but also in the extracellular space, suggesting that CopM can also prevent copper accumulation probably by direct copper binding outside the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquín Giner-Lamia
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Universidad de Sevilla-CSIC, Américo Vespucio 49, E-41092, Sevilla, Spain
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45
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Tracking metal ions through a Cu/Ag efflux pump assigns the functional roles of the periplasmic proteins. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 111:15373-8. [PMID: 25313055 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1411475111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Copper is an essential nutrient for all aerobic organisms but is toxic in excess. At the host-pathogen interface, macrophages respond to bacterial infection by copper-dependent killing mechanisms, whereas the invading bacteria are thought to counter with an up-regulation of copper transporters and efflux pumps. The tripartite efflux pump CusCBA and its metallochaperone CusF are vital to the detoxification of copper and silver ions in the periplasm of Escherichia coli. However, the mechanism of efflux by this complex, which requires the activation of the inner membrane pump CusA, is poorly understood. Here, we use selenomethionine (SeM) active site labels in a series of biological X-ray absorption studies at the selenium, copper, and silver edges to establish a "switch" role for the membrane fusion protein CusB. We determine that metal-bound CusB is required for activation of cuprous ion transfer from CusF directly to a site in the CusA antiporter, showing for the first time (to our knowledge) the in vitro activation of the Cus efflux pump. This metal-binding site of CusA is unlike that observed in the crystal structures of the CusA protein and is composed of one oxygen and two sulfur ligands. Our results suggest that metal transfer occurs between CusF and apo-CusB, and that, when metal-loaded, CusB plays a role in the regulation of metal ion transfer from CusF to CusA in the periplasm.
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Abstract
Infections caused by bacteria are a leading cause of death worldwide. Although antibiotics remain a key clinical therapy, their effectiveness has been severely compromised by the development of drug resistance in bacterial pathogens. Multidrug efflux transporters--a common and powerful resistance mechanism--are capable of extruding a number of structurally unrelated antimicrobials from the bacterial cell, including antibiotics and toxic heavy metal ions, facilitating their survival in noxious environments. Transporters of the resistance-nodulation-cell division (RND) superfamily typically assemble as tripartite efflux complexes spanning the inner and outer membranes of the cell envelope. In Escherichia coli, the CusCFBA complex, which mediates resistance to copper(I) and silver(I) ions, is the only known RND transporter specific to heavy metals. Here, we describe the current knowledge of individual pump components of the Cus system, a paradigm for efflux machinery, and speculate on how RND pumps assemble to fight diverse antimicrobials.
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47
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Spectral studies of the interactions of protein CopC with gold ions. Russ Chem Bull 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-014-0677-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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48
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Le Brun NE. Copper in Prokaryotes. BINDING, TRANSPORT AND STORAGE OF METAL IONS IN BIOLOGICAL CELLS 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/9781849739979-00461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The ability of copper to cycle its oxidation state, and to form high-affinity complexes with a range of biologically relevant ligands, underpins the central role that this metal plays in prokaryotic processes such as respiration, oxidative stress response, the nitrogen cycle and pigmentation. However, the very properties that nature has exploited also mean that copper is extremely toxic. To minimize this toxicity, while also ensuring sufficient supply of the metal, complex systems of trafficking evolved to facilitate transport of copper (as Cu(I)) across membranes and its targeted distribution within the cytoplasm, membrane and periplasm. The past 20 years have seen our understanding of such systems grow enormously, and atomic/molecular and mechanistic detail of many of the major cellular trafficking components is now available. This chapter begins with a discussion of the chemistry of copper that is relevant for understanding the role of this metal throughout life. The subsequent focus is then on current understanding of copper homeostasis in prokaryotes, with eukaryotic copper homeostasis dealt with in the following chapters. The chapter aims to provide a chemical perspective on these complex biological systems, emphasizing the importance of thermodynamic and kinetic properties of copper and the complexes it forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nick E. Le Brun
- Centre for Molecular and Structural Biochemistry, School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia Norwich Research Park Norwich NR4 7TJ UK
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Roger M, Biaso F, Castelle CJ, Bauzan M, Chaspoul F, Lojou E, Sciara G, Caffarri S, Giudici-Orticoni MT, Ilbert M. Spectroscopic characterization of a green copper site in a single-domain cupredoxin. PLoS One 2014; 9:e98941. [PMID: 24932914 PMCID: PMC4059628 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Accepted: 05/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cupredoxins are widespread copper-binding proteins, mainly involved in electron transfer pathways. They display a typical rigid greek key motif consisting of an eight stranded β-sandwich. A fascinating feature of cupredoxins is the natural diversity of their copper center geometry. These geometry variations give rise to drastic changes in their color, such as blue, green, red or purple. Based on several spectroscopic and structural analyses, a connection between the geometry of their copper-binding site and their color has been proposed. However, little is known about the relationship between such diversity of copper center geometry in cupredoxins and possible implications for function. This has been difficult to assess, as only a few naturally occurring green and red copper sites have been described so far. We report herein the spectrocopic characterization of a novel kind of single domain cupredoxin of green color, involved in a respiratory pathway of the acidophilic organism Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans. Biochemical and spectroscopic characterization coupled to bioinformatics analysis reveal the existence of some unusual features for this novel member of the green cupredoxin sub-family. This protein has the highest redox potential reported to date for a green-type cupredoxin. It has a constrained green copper site insensitive to pH or temperature variations. It is a green-type cupredoxin found for the first time in a respiratory pathway. These unique properties might be explained by a region of unknown function never found in other cupredoxins, and by an unusual length of the loop between the second and the fourth copper ligands. These discoveries will impact our knowledge on non-engineered green copper sites, whose involvement in respiratory chains seems more widespread than initially thought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magali Roger
- Unité de Bioénergétique et Ingénierie des Protéines, Institut de Microbiologie de la Méditerranée, CNRS-UMR7281, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Frédéric Biaso
- Unité de Bioénergétique et Ingénierie des Protéines, Institut de Microbiologie de la Méditerranée, CNRS-UMR7281, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Cindy J. Castelle
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Marielle Bauzan
- Unité de Fermentation, Institut de Microbiologie de la Méditerranée, CNRS-FR 3479, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Florence Chaspoul
- Unité Chimie Physique, Prévention des Risques et Nuisances Technologiques, Faculté de Pharmacie, CNRS-UMR 7263, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Elisabeth Lojou
- Unité de Bioénergétique et Ingénierie des Protéines, Institut de Microbiologie de la Méditerranée, CNRS-UMR7281, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Giuliano Sciara
- Unité de Bioénergétique et Ingénierie des Protéines, Institut de Microbiologie de la Méditerranée, CNRS-UMR7281, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Stefano Caffarri
- Unité de Biologie Végétale et Microbiologie Environnementales, CNRS-UMR 7265, CEA, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Marie-Thérèse Giudici-Orticoni
- Unité de Bioénergétique et Ingénierie des Protéines, Institut de Microbiologie de la Méditerranée, CNRS-UMR7281, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Marianne Ilbert
- Unité de Bioénergétique et Ingénierie des Protéines, Institut de Microbiologie de la Méditerranée, CNRS-UMR7281, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
- * E-mail:
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50
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Copper tolerance in Frankia sp. strain EuI1c involves surface binding and copper transport. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2014; 98:8005-15. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-014-5849-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2014] [Revised: 05/20/2014] [Accepted: 05/21/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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