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Amano T, Fujii N, Kenny GP, Mündel T, Yokoyama S, Yamashita H, Quan YS. Pretreatment of microneedles enhances passive transdermal administration of pilocarpine and pilocarpine-induced sweat production in humans. Int J Pharm 2024; 662:124497. [PMID: 39033941 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
The development of an effective transdermal drug delivery protocol to eccrine sweat glands is important for the advancement of research on the human sweating response. We investigated whether microneedle treatment prior to the application of pilocarpine, a hydrophilic and sudorific agent that does not induce sweating due to a limited percutaneous passive diffusion by skin application alone, augments sweat production. We applied three microneedle arrays to forearm skin sites simultaneously (n = 20). Upon removal of the microneedles, 1 % pilocarpine was applied to each site for 5-, 15-, and 30-min for the assessment of sweat gland function. In parallel, pilocarpine was administered by transdermal iontophoresis (5-min) at a separate site. Sweat rate was assessed continuously via the ventilated capsule technique. Pilocarpine augmented sweat rate at the 15- and 30-min periods as compared to the application at 5-min. The sweating responses induced by the 15- and 30-min application of pilocarpine were equivalent to ∼ 80 % of that measured at the iontophoretically treated sites. Notably, we observed a correlation in sweat rate between these two transdermal drug delivery methods. Altogether, our findings show that pre-treatment of microneedle arrays can enhance transdermal delivery efficiency of pilocarpine to human eccrine sweat glands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuro Amano
- Laboratory for Exercise and Environmental Physiology, Faculty of Education, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan.
| | - Naoto Fujii
- Institute of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba City, Japan
| | - Glen P Kenny
- Human and Environmental Physiology Research Unit, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Toby Mündel
- Department of Kinesiology, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shotaro Yokoyama
- Laboratory for Exercise and Environmental Physiology, Faculty of Education, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
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Karve T, Dandekar A, Agrahari V, Melissa Peet M, Banga AK, Doncel GF. Long-acting transdermal drug delivery formulations: Current developments and innovative pharmaceutical approaches. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2024; 210:115326. [PMID: 38692457 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2024.115326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Transdermal administration remains an active research and development area as an alternative route for long-acting drug delivery. It avoids major drawbacks of conventional oral (gastrointestinal side effects, low drug bioavailability, and need for multiple dosing) or parenteral routes (invasiveness, pain, and psychological stress and bio-hazardous waste generated from needles), thereby increasing patient appeal and compliance. This review focuses on the current state of long-acting transdermal drug delivery, including adhesive patches, microneedles, and molecularly imprinted polymeric systems. Each subsection describes an approach including key considerations in formulation development, design, and process parameters with schematics. An overview of commercially available conventional (adhesive) patches for long-acting drug delivery (longer than 24 h), the reservoir- and matrix-type systems under preclinical evaluation, as well as the advanced transdermal formulations, such as the core-shell, nanoformulations-incorporated and stimuli-responsive microneedles, and 3D-printed and molecularly imprinted polymers that are in development, is also provided. Finally, we elaborated on translational aspects, challenges in patch formulation development, and future directions for the clinical advancement of new long-acting transdermal products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanvi Karve
- Center for Drug Delivery Research, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Mercer University, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
| | - Amruta Dandekar
- Center for Drug Delivery Research, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Mercer University, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
| | - Vivek Agrahari
- CONRAD, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA 23507, USA.
| | - M Melissa Peet
- CONRAD, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA 23507, USA
| | - Ajay K Banga
- Center for Drug Delivery Research, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Mercer University, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA.
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Song KY, Zhang WJ, Behzadfar M. 3D printing redefines microneedle fabrication for transdermal drug delivery. Biomed Eng Lett 2024; 14:737-746. [PMID: 38946813 PMCID: PMC11208358 DOI: 10.1007/s13534-024-00368-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Microneedles (MNs) have emerged as an innovative, virtually painless technique for intradermal drug delivery. However, the complex and costly fabrication process has limited their widespread accessibility, especially for individuals requiring frequent drug administration. This study introduces a groundbreaking and cost-effective method for producing MNs utilizing fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printing technology to enhance transdermal drug delivery. The proposed fabrication process involves the elongation of molten polylactic acid (PLA) filaments to create meticulously designed conoid and neiloid MNs with smooth surfaces. This study underscores the critical role of printing parameters, particularly extrusion length and printing speed, in determining the shape of the MNs. Notably, the conoid-shaped MNs exhibit exceptional skin-penetrating capabilities. In order to evaluate their effectiveness, the MNs were tested on a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) skin model for skin penetration. The results highlight the high potential of 3D-printed MNs for transdermal drug administration. This novel approach capitalizes on the benefits of 3D printing technology to fabricate MNs that hold the promise of transforming painless drug administration for a variety of medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki-Young Song
- The school of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Wen-Jun Zhang
- The Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Mahtab Behzadfar
- The school of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
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Patel KK, Brogden NK. Impact of Formulation and Microneedle Length on Transdermal Metronidazole Permeation through Microneedle-Treated Skin. Pharm Res 2024; 41:355-363. [PMID: 38133717 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-023-03640-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine the impact of formulation (gel vs cream) and microneedle characteristics (length, number) on permeation of metronidazole through excised microneedle-treated skin. The long-term goal is to apply these results towards a pharmacokinetic study in human subjects with diverse skin types, using in vitro flux data to determine dosing conditions and ultimately establish in vitro-in vivo correlations. METHODS Metronidazole release from 0.75% gel and cream was quantified with flow-through diffusion cells, using a cellulose membrane. Excised porcine skin was treated with stainless steel microneedles (500 or 800 μm length), to create 50 or 100 micropores. Metronidazole gel or cream was applied to microneedle-treated skin and replaced every 48 h for up to 7 days. Metronidazole permeation was quantified using HPLC. Intact skin (no microneedle treatment) served as controls. RESULTS Metronidazole release was faster from the gel vs cream. At 7 days there was no difference between gel vs cream in total metronidazole permeated through intact skin. For both formulations, metronidazole permeation was significantly higher (vs intact skin) following microneedle application, regardless of microneedle length or micropore number. Increasing microneedle length and micropore number enhanced MTZ permeation multiple fold for both gel and cream. The greatest enhancement in total permeation for both formulations was achieved with the 800 μm MN, 100 micropore condition. CONCLUSIONS Formulation and microneedle conditions both impacted metronidazole permeation. These data will be used to estimate in vivo serum concentrations after applying metronidazole to microneedle-treated skin in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Kumar Patel
- Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Iowa College of Pharmacy, 180 South Grand Avenue, 552 CPB, Iowa City, IA, 52242-1112, USA
| | - Nicole K Brogden
- Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Iowa College of Pharmacy, 180 South Grand Avenue, 552 CPB, Iowa City, IA, 52242-1112, USA.
- Department of Dermatology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA.
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Tobin KV, Brogden NK. Thermosensitive biomaterial gels with chemical permeation enhancers for enhanced microneedle delivery of naltrexone for managing opioid and alcohol dependency. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:5846-5858. [PMID: 37455601 PMCID: PMC10443048 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm00972f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Naltrexone (NTX) can be transdermally delivered using microneedles (MN) to treat opioid and alcohol misuse disorders, but delivery is blunted by rapid in vivo micropore closure. Poloxamer (P407), a thermosensitive biocompatible hydrogel, sustains NTX delivery through MN-treated skin by generating a drug depot within the micropores. Optimizing P407 formulations could maintain sustained delivery after micropore closure while reducing required patch sizes, which would be more discreet and preferred by most patients. Here we developed NTX-loaded P407 gels with chemical permeation enhancers (CPEs) and used these novel formulations alongside MN treatment to enhance NTX permeation, utilizing parallel micropore and intact skin transport pathways. We analyzed physicochemical and rheological properties of CPE-loaded P407 formulations and selected formulations with DMSO and benzyl alcohol for further study. In vitro permeation tests demonstrated more consistent and sustained NTX delivery through MN-treated porcine skin from 16% P407 formulations vs. aqueous solutions. P407 with 1% benzyl alcohol and 10% DMSO significantly, P < 0.05, increased flux through MN-treated skin vs. formulations with benzyl alcohol alone. This formulation would require a smaller size patch than previously used to deliver NTX in humans, with half the NTX concentration. This is the first time poloxamer biomaterials have been used in combination with CPEs to improve MN-assisted transdermal delivery of an opioid antagonist. Here we have demonstrated that P407 in combination with CPEs effectively sustains NTX delivery in MN-treated skin while requiring less NTX than previously needed to meet clinical goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin V Tobin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Iowa College of Pharmacy, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
| | - Nicole K Brogden
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Iowa College of Pharmacy, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
- Department of Dermatology, The University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
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Desai P, Dasgupta A, Sofias AM, Peña Q, Göstl R, Slabu I, Schwaneberg U, Stiehl T, Wagner W, Jockenhövel S, Stingl J, Kramann R, Trautwein C, Brümmendorf TH, Kiessling F, Herrmann A, Lammers T. Transformative Materials for Interfacial Drug Delivery. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2301062. [PMID: 37282805 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202301062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Drug delivery systems (DDS) are designed to temporally and spatially control drug availability and activity. They assist in improving the balance between on-target therapeutic efficacy and off-target toxic side effects. DDS aid in overcoming biological barriers encountered by drug molecules upon applying them via various routes of administration. They are furthermore increasingly explored for modulating the interface between implanted (bio)medical materials and host tissue. Herein, an overview of the biological barriers and host-material interfaces encountered by DDS upon oral, intravenous, and local administration is provided, and material engineering advances at different time and space scales to exemplify how current and future DDS can contribute to improved disease treatment are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prachi Desai
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Anshuman Dasgupta
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Alexandros Marios Sofias
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf (CIOABCD), 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Quim Peña
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Robert Göstl
- DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ioana Slabu
- Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ulrich Schwaneberg
- Institute of Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Thomas Stiehl
- Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf (CIOABCD), 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine - Disease Modeling, RWTH Aachen University, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Wagner
- Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf (CIOABCD), 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Medical Faculty of RWTH Aachen University, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology, University Hospital of RWTH Aachen, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Stefan Jockenhövel
- Department of Biohybrid & Medical Textiles (BioTex), AME - Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Julia Stingl
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Rafael Kramann
- Division of Nephrology and Clinical Immunology, RWTH Aachen University, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Experimental Medicine and Systems Biology, RWTH Aachen University, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Christian Trautwein
- Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf (CIOABCD), 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Medicine III (Gastroenterology, Metabolic diseases and Intensive Care), University Hospital RWTH Aachen, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Tim H Brümmendorf
- Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf (CIOABCD), 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Hemostaseology and Stem Cell Transplantation, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Fabian Kiessling
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf (CIOABCD), 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Medical Faculty of RWTH Aachen University, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Andreas Herrmann
- DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Twan Lammers
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf (CIOABCD), 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Medical Faculty of RWTH Aachen University, 52074, Aachen, Germany
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Anbazhagan G, Suseela SB, Sankararajan R. Design, analysis and fabrication of solid polymer microneedle patch using CO 2 laser and polymer molding. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2023; 13:1813-1827. [PMID: 36807879 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-023-01296-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Microneedle-based transdermal drug delivery into the skin has gained attraction for the past few years. An affordable and effective fabrication methodology is required for the development of micron size needle. Manufacturing cost-effective microneedle patches in batch production is a challenging process. In this work, we proposed a cleanroom-free technique for fabrication of conical and pyramidal geometry of microneedle array for transdermal drug delivery. Using the COMSOL Multiphysics tool, the mechanical strength of the designed microneedle array under axial, bending, and buckling loads for the geometries during skin insertion was investigated. A CO2 laser and polymer molding technique are used to fabricate 10 × 10 designed microneedle array structure. On an acrylic sheet, a designed pattern is engraved to produce a 20 mm × 20 mm sharp conical and pyramidal shape master mold. We successfully created a biocompatible polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microneedle patch with an average height of 1200 µm, base diameter of 650 µm, and a tip diameter of 50 µm using acrylic master mold. According to structural simulation analysis, the microneedle array will experience resultant stress that is within a safe range. The mechanical stability of the fabricated microneedle patch was investigated using hardness test and universal testing machine. The depth of penetration studies were performed in an in vitro Parafilm® M model by manual compression tests and its detailed insertion depth was reported. The developed master mold is efficient to replicate several polydimethylsiloxane microneedle patches. The proposed combined method of laser processing and molding mechanism is simple and low-cost for rapid prototyping of microneedle array.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gowthami Anbazhagan
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, Tamil Nadu, 603110, India.
| | - Sreeja Balakrishnapillai Suseela
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, Tamil Nadu, 603110, India
| | - Radha Sankararajan
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, Tamil Nadu, 603110, India
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Iapichino M, Maibach H, Stoeber B. Quantification methods comparing in vitro and in vivo percutaneous permeation by microneedles and passive diffusion. Int J Pharm 2023; 638:122885. [PMID: 37015294 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.122885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
Microneedles (MNs) are needles with a tip diameter ranging from 10 to 100 um and a length ranging up to 1 mm. The first patent for drug delivery device for percutaneous administration filed by Alza corporation dates back to 1976 (Gerstel and Place, 1976), and in between 1989 and 2021 the filed patents for MNs are more than 4500 (Banks et al., 2010). These devices can potential overcome some drawbacks of traditional needles, such as the pain generated during insertion, requirement for trained personnel to manipulate syringes, and difficulty of performing injections in elderly and obese patients. MNs and MNs arrays are emerging as a convenient method to deliver compounds and extract blood without causing any pain. A promising application is the use of MNs as alternative solution to topical creams (TC) and transdermal patches (TP) for transdermal drug delivery. The external layer of human skin, the epidermis, offers a major barrier to transdermal drug delivery, thanks to the stratum corneum (SC). Exposed to the external environment, SC ultimately protects the human body from UV light radiation, heat, water loss, bacteria, fungi and viruses, and it is the barrier that controls diffusion rate for almost all compounds. TC and TP applications are limited by the skin permeability to lipophilic compounds and small molecules, and by the slow delivery rate of some compounds. MNs have been around for more than 35 year now, and it is a general opinion that MN increase delivery compared to passive diffusion, thanks to the feature of penetrating the SC and reaching the dermis. This review recollects the existing studies that compare MNs delivery of drugs with passive diffusion of the same drugs in alive organisms, giving an overview of what are the type of MNs, the chemical delivered and the methods employed to quantify drug delivery into skin and/or in the bloodstream. The final aim is to quantify the enhancement factor of MNs with respect to passive diffusion, and establish a possible standard on how tests can be performed in order to compare different data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Iapichino
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of British Columbia, 2054-6250 Applied Science Lane, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Howard Maibach
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Boris Stoeber
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of British Columbia, 2054-6250 Applied Science Lane, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of British Columbia, 2332 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada.
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Duan X, Ma J, Ning M, Gao Y. Dissolving Microneedles Loaded with Gestodene: Fabrication and Characterization In Vitro and In Vivo. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2023; 22:e131819. [PMID: 38116561 PMCID: PMC10728855 DOI: 10.5812/ijpr-131819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Background Gestodene (GEST) is widely used in female contraception. It is currently being used as an oral contraceptive. However, unfortunately, oral contraceptives are often associated with several bothersome side effects and poor compliance. Therefore, a sustained delivery system for GEST to overcome these shortcomings is highly desirable. Objectives The present study successfully developed a kind of novel dissolving microneedles (DMNs) with a potential for sustained release and a minimally invasive intradermal treatment of GEST. Methods The dissolving microneedles containing GEST were fabricated using polyvinylpyrrolidone as the base material. The characteristics in vitro and pharmacokinetics in vivo of GEST-loaded DMNs were investigated. Results The results showed that the microneedle could pierce the porcine skin and release the drug at an average dose of 20µg/cm2 daily for seven days. The pharmacokinetic experiment of the microneedles indicated that the plasma level of GEST in rats increased with increasing drug dosage, and the plasma drug concentration-time curves were much flatter compared with subcutaneous injection and oral administration. In addition, no cutaneous irritation was observed. Conclusions GEST-loaded DMNs may be a promising intradermal sustained delivery system for contraceptive use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyan Duan
- Center of Drug and Medical Polymer Materials, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, China
| | - Jianan Ma
- Center of Drug and Medical Polymer Materials, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, China
| | - Meiying Ning
- Center of Drug and Medical Polymer Materials, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, China
| | - Yunhua Gao
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Metallic Microneedles for Transdermal Drug Delivery: Applications, Fabrication Techniques and the Effect of Geometrical Characteristics. BIOENGINEERING (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 10:bioengineering10010024. [PMID: 36671595 PMCID: PMC9855189 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Current procedures for transdermal drug delivery (TDD) have associated limitations including poor administration of nucleic acid, small or large drug molecules, pain and stress for needle phobic people. A painless micro-sized device capable of delivering drugs easily and efficiently, eliminating the disadvantages of traditional systems, has yet to be developed. While polymeric-based microneedle (MN) arrays have been used successfully and clinically as TDD systems, these devices lack mechanical integrity, piercing capacity and the ability to achieve tailored drug release into the systemic circulation. Recent advances in micro/nano fabrication techniques using Additive Manufacturing (AM), also known as 3D printing, have enabled the fabrication of metallic MN arrays, which offer the potential to overcome the limitations of existing systems. This review summarizes the different types of MNs used in TDD and their mode of drug delivery. The application of MNs in the treatment of a range of diseases including diabetes and cancer is discussed. The potential role of solid metallic MNs in TDD, the various techniques used for their fabrication, and the influence of their geometrical characteristics (e.g., shape, size, base diameter, thickness, and tip sharpness) on effective TDD are explored. Finally, the potential and the future directions relating to the optimization of metallic MN arrays for TDD are highlighted.
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Solid microneedle assisted transepidermal delivery of iloperidone loaded film: Characterization and Skin deposition studies. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.104028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Kirkby M, Sabri AB, Scurr D, Moss G. Microneedle-Mediated Permeation Enhancement of Chlorhexidine Digluconate: Mechanistic Insights Through Imaging Mass Spectrometry. Pharm Res 2022; 39:1945-1958. [PMID: 35689005 PMCID: PMC9314308 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-022-03309-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Chlorhexidine digluconate (CHG) is a first-line antiseptic agent typically applied to the skin as a topical solution prior to surgery due to its efficacy and safety profile. However, the physiochemical properties of CHG limits its cutaneous permeation, preventing it from reaching potentially pathogenic bacteria residing within deeper skin layers. Thus, the utility of a solid oscillating microneedle system, Dermapen®, and a CHG-hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC) gel were investigated to improve the intradermal delivery of CHG. METHODS Permeation of CHG from the commercial product, Hibiscrub®, and HEC-CHG gels (containing 1% or 4% CHG w/w) was assessed in intact skin, or skin that had been pre-treated with microneedles of different array numbers, using an Franz diffusion cells and Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (ToF-SIMS). RESULTS Gels containing 1% and 4% CHG resulted in significantly increased depth permeation of CHG compared to Hibiscrub® (4% w/v CHG) when applied to microneedle pre-treated skin, with the effect being more significant with the higher array number. ToF-SIMS analysis indicated that the depth of dermal penetration achieved was sufficient to reach the skin strata that typically harbours pathogenic bacteria, which is currently inaccessible by Hibiscrub®, and showed potential lateral diffusion within the viable epidermis. CONCLUSIONS This study indicates that HEC-CHG gels applied to microneedle pre-treated skin may be a viable strategy to improve the permeation CHG into the skin. Such enhanced intradermal delivery may be of significant clinical utility for improved skin antisepsis in those at risk of a skin or soft tissue infection following surgical intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Kirkby
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Keele, ST5 5BG, UK
| | - Akmal Bin Sabri
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK
| | - David Scurr
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Gary Moss
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Keele, ST5 5BG, UK.
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Li W, Chen JY, Terry RN, Tang J, Romanyuk A, Schwendeman SP, Prausnitz MR. Core-shell microneedle patch for six-month controlled-release contraceptive delivery. J Control Release 2022; 347:489-499. [PMID: 35550913 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.04.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
There is a tremendous need for simple-to-administer, long-acting contraception, which can increase access to improved family planning. Microneedle (MN) patches enable simple self-administration and have previously been formulated for 1-2 months' controlled release of contraceptive hormone using monolithic polymer/drug MN designs having first-order release kinetics. To achieve zero-order release, we developed a novel core-shell MN patch where the shell acts as a rate-controlling membrane to delay release of a contraceptive hormone, levonorgestrel (LNG), for 6 months. In this approach, LNG was encapsulated in a poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) core surrounded by a poly(l-lactide) (PLLA) shell and a poly(D,l-lactide) (PLA) cap that were fabricated by sequential casting into a MN mold. Upon application to skin, the core-shell MNs utilized an effervescent interface to separate from the patch backing within 1 min. The core-shell design limited the initial 24 h burst release of LNG to 5.8 ± 0.5% and achieved roughly zero-order LNG release for 6.2 ± 0.1 months in vitro. A monolithic MN patch formulated with the same LNG and PLGA core, but without the rate-controlling PLLA shell and PLA cap had a larger LNG burst release of 22.6 ± 2.0% and achieved LNG release for just 2.1 ± 0.2 months. This study provides the first core-shell MN patch for controlled months-long drug release and supports the development of long-acting contraception using a simple-to-administer, twice-per-year MN patch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA; Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China.
| | - Jonathan Yuxuan Chen
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Richard N Terry
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Jie Tang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Andrey Romanyuk
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Steven P Schwendeman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Mark R Prausnitz
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.
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Mamun AA, Zhao F. In-Plane Si Microneedles: Fabrication, Characterization, Modeling and Applications. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:657. [PMID: 35630124 PMCID: PMC9146885 DOI: 10.3390/mi13050657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Microneedles are getting more and more attention in research and commercialization since their advancement in the 1990s due to the advantages over traditional hypodermic needles such as minimum invasiveness, low material and fabrication cost, and precise needle geometry control, etc. The design and fabrication of microneedles depend on various factors such as the type of materials used, fabrication planes and techniques, needle structures, etc. In the past years, in-plane and out-of-plane microneedle technologies made by silicon (Si), polymer, metal, and other materials have been developed for numerous biomedical applications including drug delivery, sample collections, medical diagnostics, and bio-sensing. Among these microneedle technologies, in-plane Si microneedles excel by the inherent properties of Si such as mechanical strength, wear resistance, biocompatibility, and structural advantages of in-plane configuration such as a wide range of length, readiness of integration with other supporting components, and complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) compatible fabrication. This article aims to provide a review of in-plane Si microneedles with a focus on fabrication techniques, theoretical and numerical analysis, experimental characterization of structural and fluidic behaviors, major applications, potential challenges, and future prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Feng Zhao
- Micro/Nanoelectronics and Energy Laboratory, School of Engineering and Computer Science, Washington State University, Vancouver, WA 98686, USA;
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15
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Microneedles in Action: Microneedling and Microneedles-Assisted Transdermal Delivery. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14081608. [PMID: 35458358 PMCID: PMC9024532 DOI: 10.3390/polym14081608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Human skin is a multilayered physiochemical barrier protecting the human body. The stratum corneum (SC) is the outermost keratinized layer of skin through which only molecules with less or equal to 500 Da (Dalton) in size can freely move through the skin. Unfortunately, the conventional use of a hypothermic needle for large therapeutic agents is susceptible to needle phobia and the risk of acquiring infectious diseases. As a new approach, a microneedle (MN) can deliver therapeutically significant molecules without apparent limitations associated with its molecular size. Microneedles can create microchannels through the skin’s SC without stimulating the proprioceptive pain nerves. With recent technological advancements in both fabrication and drug loading, MN has become a versatile platform that improves the efficacy of transdermally applied therapeutic agents (TAs) and associated treatments for various indications. This review summarizes advanced fabrication techniques for MN and addresses numerous TA coating and TA elution strategies from MN, offering a comprehensive perspective on the current microneedle technology. Lastly, we discuss how microneedling and microneedle technologies can improve the clinical efficacy of a variety of skin diseases.
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16
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Damiri F, Kommineni N, Ebhodaghe SO, Bulusu R, Jyothi VGSS, Sayed AA, Awaji AA, Germoush MO, Al-malky HS, Nasrullah MZ, Rahman MH, Abdel-Daim MM, Berrada M. Microneedle-Based Natural Polysaccharide for Drug Delivery Systems (DDS): Progress and Challenges. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:190. [PMID: 35215302 PMCID: PMC8875238 DOI: 10.3390/ph15020190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
In this focused progress review, the most widely accepted methods of transdermal drug delivery are hypodermic needles, transdermal patches and topical creams. However, microneedles (MNs) (or microneedle arrays) are low-invasive 3D biomedical constructs that bypass the skin barrier and produce systemic and localized pharmacological effects. In the past, biomaterials such as carbohydrates, due to their physicochemical properties, have been extensively used to manufacture microneedles (MNs). Due to their wide range of functional groups, carbohydrates enable the design and development of tunable properties and functionalities. In recent years, numerous microneedle products have emerged on the market, although much research needs to be undertaken to overcome the various challenges before the successful introduction of microneedles into the market. As a result, carbohydrate-based microarrays have a high potential to achieve a future step in sensing, drug delivery, and biologics restitution. In this review, a comprehensive overview of carbohydrates such as hyaluronic acid, chitin, chitosan, chondroitin sulfate, cellulose and starch is discussed systematically. It also discusses the various drug delivery strategies and mechanical properties of biomaterial-based MNs, the progress made so far in the clinical translation of carbohydrate-based MNs, and the promotional opportunities for their commercialization. In conclusion, the article summarizes the future perspectives of carbohydrate-based MNs, which are considered as the new class of topical drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fouad Damiri
- Laboratory of Biomolecules and Organic Synthesis (BIOSYNTHO), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences Ben M’Sick, University Hassan II of Casablanca, Casablanca 20000, Morocco;
| | | | | | - Raviteja Bulusu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA;
| | - Vaskuri G. S. Sainaga Jyothi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad 500037, India;
| | - Amany A. Sayed
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt;
| | - Aeshah A. Awaji
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University College of Taymaa, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mousa O. Germoush
- Biology Department, College of Science, Jouf University, P.O. Box 2014, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Hamdan S. Al-malky
- Regional Drug Information Center, Ministry of Health, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammed Z. Nasrullah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Md. Habibur Rahman
- Department of Global Medical Science, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju 26426, Korea
| | - Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Berrada
- Laboratory of Biomolecules and Organic Synthesis (BIOSYNTHO), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences Ben M’Sick, University Hassan II of Casablanca, Casablanca 20000, Morocco;
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Shang T, Zhang JY, Thomas A, Arnold MA, Vetter BN, Heinemann L, Klonoff DC. Products for Monitoring Glucose Levels in the Human Body With Noninvasive Optical, Noninvasive Fluid Sampling, or Minimally Invasive Technologies. J Diabetes Sci Technol 2022; 16:168-214. [PMID: 34120487 PMCID: PMC8721558 DOI: 10.1177/19322968211007212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Conventional home blood glucose measurements require a sample of blood that is obtained by puncturing the skin at the fingertip. To avoid the pain associated with this procedure, there is high demand for medical products that allow glucose monitoring without blood sampling. In this review article, all such products are presented. METHODS In order to identify such products, four different sources were used: (1) PubMed, (2) Google Patents, (3) Diabetes Technology Meeting Startup Showcase participants, and (4) experts in the field of glucose monitoring. The information obtained were filtered by using two inclusion criteria: (1) regulatory clearance, and/or (2) significant coverage in Google News starting in the year 2016, unless the article indicated that the product had been discontinued. The identified bloodless monitoring products were classified into three categories: (1) noninvasive optical, (2) noninvasive fluid sampling, and (3) minimally invasive devices. RESULTS In total, 28 noninvasive optical, 6 noninvasive fluid sampling, and 31 minimally invasive glucose monitoring products were identified. Subsequently, these products were characterized according to their regulatory, technological, and consumer features. Products with regulatory clearance are described in greater detail according to their advantages and disadvantages, and with design images. CONCLUSIONS Based on favorable technological features, consumer features, and other advantages, several bloodless products are commercially available and promise to enhance diabetes management. Paths for future products are discussed with an emphasis on understanding existing barriers related to both technical and non-technical issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trisha Shang
- Diabetes Technology Society, Burlingame, California, USA
| | | | - Andreas Thomas
- AGDT (Working group of Diabetes Technology), Germany, Ulm, Germany
| | - Mark A. Arnold
- University of Iowa, Department of Chemistry, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | | | | | - David C. Klonoff
- Mills-Peninsula Medical Center, San Mateo, California, USA
- David C. Klonoff, MD, FACP, FRCP (Edin), Fellow AIMBE, Mills-Peninsula Medical Center, 100 South San Mateo Drive, Room 5147, San Mateo, California 94401, USA.
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18
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Saepang K, Li SK, Chantasart D. Passive and iontophoretic transport of pramipexole dihydrochloride across human skin microchannels created by microneedles in vitro. Int J Pharm 2021; 609:121092. [PMID: 34530098 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.121092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Skin microchannels (MCs) created by microneedles (MNs) provide a promising route for enhancing transdermal drug delivery. This study investigated passive and iontophoretic transport of pramipexole dihydrochloride (PXCl) across skin MCs created by polymer MN patches made of 1:2 polymethyl-vinyl-ether-co-maleic acid (PMVEMA) to polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) ratio. Permeation studies were performed in vitro using excised human skin under the conditions of (i) "poke-and-patch" and "poke-and-release" delivery approaches with varying concentration of PXCl in the formulations, (ii) drug-loaded dissolving MN (DMN) and hydrogel-forming MN (HGMN) type patches and (iii) combination of MNs and iontophoresis. The results showed that DMN patch greatly enhanced transdermal delivery of PXCl for both "poke-and-patch" and "poke-and-release" approaches as compared with the conventional delivery method. PXCl flux mainly resulted from the contribution of MC pathway created in skin and increased with increasing drug amounts in the formulations. Compared to DMN patch, HGMN patch provided more linear sustained drug delivery over 72 h. Electromigration was the main mechanism of PXCl iontophoresis through MCs and flux enhancement was found to be larger for HGMN patch than DMN patch. These results demonstrated the potential application of MN patches individually or combined with iontophoresis as an alternative method for PXCl administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamchai Saepang
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - S Kevin Li
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Doungdaw Chantasart
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
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19
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Li W, Li S, Fan X, Prausnitz MR. Microneedle patch designs to increase dose administered to human subjects. J Control Release 2021; 339:350-360. [PMID: 34597745 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.09.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Microneedle (MN) patches are being developed for many different kinds of drugs, but are often limited to delivering sub-milligram doses. This is because larger patches can be more difficult to apply to the skin, and acceptability of larger MN patches by human subjects has received limited study. Here, we fabricated 18 different large MN patch designs by laser microfabrication with different MN length (800-1500 μm), number of MNs (225 to 900 MNs per patch), space between MNs (600-1100 μm), and MN base diameter (200-250 μm). After manual application of these patches to human participants, we assessed dose delivery efficiency, total dose delivered, dose delivered per MN, depth of MN penetration and whole-MN delivery efficiency. We found that all of these parameters generally increased with decreased MN length, increased number of MNs (among those ≤1000 μm in length) and increased MN-MN spacing. All MN patch designs caused less pain than a pin prick sensation and were generally considered acceptable by the study participants. The MN patches induced mild, or sometimes moderate, transient erythema on skin. Study participants showed higher preference for MN patches for long-acting contraception compared with conventional options, indicating strong interest and acceptability of MN patches in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.
| | - Song Li
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Xiyi Fan
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Mark R Prausnitz
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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20
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Choi G, Fitriasari EI, Park C. Electro-Mechanochemical Gating of a Metal-Phenolic Nanocage for Controlled Guest-Release Self-Powered Patches and Injectable Gels. ACS NANO 2021; 15:14580-14586. [PMID: 34499481 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c04276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances have led to the development of intelligent drug-delivery systems such as microchips, micropumps, and soft devices with sensors; however, the facile preparation of transdermal and implantable systems modulable to various stimuli remains elusive. In addition, the use of a battery limits their wearable and implantable applications. Therefore, to overcome these disadvantages, we herein suggest a facile strategy to prepare electro-mechanochemically responsive soft gel composites with molecular gatekeeper-based nanocontainers. We found that a metal-phenolic coordination network can act as an efficient self-healable and adaptive gatekeeper in response to electrical and mechanical stimuli owing to the reversible dynamic bonds and adhesiveness to the silica surface. The porous channels of mesoporous silica nanoparticles are filled with guest molecules, and the exterior is wrapped with metal-tannic acid (TA) networks. Owing to the robustness of metal-phenolic network, the guest molecules are efficiently entrapped in the channels but released by electrical and ultrasound input. Voltage-dependent changes in the guest release rate provide control over the dosage on demand. The combination of hydrogel matrixes with the responsive nanocapsules enables the construction of a series of adaptive gel composites capable of successive guest release in response to electrical, ultrasound, electromechanical, and triboelectric stimuli. The Korsmeyer-Peppas model revealed that the release mechanism is non-Fickian, which indicates the presence of boundaries around the guest-loading channels (n = 0.739, R2 = 0.9574 when 2 V is applied). This study realized efficient platforms for active-type drug-delivery applications based on transdermal patches and implantable gels with remotely controllable release characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyeonghyeon Choi
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, 333, Techno Jungang Daero, Hyeonpung-Eup, Dalseong-gun, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Eprillia Intan Fitriasari
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, Pukyong National University, 365, Sinseon Ro, Nam-Gu, Busan 48547 Republic of Korea
| | - Chiyoung Park
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, 333, Techno Jungang Daero, Hyeonpung-Eup, Dalseong-gun, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
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21
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Righesso R, Piccinini PS, Uebel CO. A Combined Approach for Fast Nanofat Microneedling. J Cutan Aesthet Surg 2021; 14:248-255. [PMID: 34566373 PMCID: PMC8423193 DOI: 10.4103/jcas.jcas_142_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lipofilling is currently a fundamental component of rhytidoplasty and fat harvesting has become a common procedure. Tonnard introduced the concept of nanofat grafting, a revolutionary milestone, in which adipocytes are mechanically separated from the stromal vascular fraction and the latter is injected, adding the possibility of cellular therapies to the surgical field. Later, Verpaele et al. published a report using a new device to apply this nanofat in a uniform manner, which they termed nanofat needling. The device has 24 microneedles of 1.5 mm length and is applied as a stamp, in a tapping motion. The same manufacturer offers a similar model with 64 microneedles, 1.0 mm length, and available as a roller. Objectives We sought to evaluate the combination of the above-mentioned microneedling devices to achieve faster nanofat delivery. Materials and Methods A prospective evaluation of patients undergoing a combined nanofat microneedling approach for skin rejuvenation and scar revision, using both a stamp device as well as a roller, was performed in a private practice setting, from January 2019 to January 2020. Patient satisfaction, complications, and surgical time were evaluated. Results We applied this combination treatment to over 100 treatment areas in 86 patients over a 12-month period, with a short operative time, no increase in complications, consistent results, and good patient satisfaction. Conclusions We recommend the use of this new device in association with the original one, in order to decrease the procedure time. We designate this strategy "fast nanofat microneedling."
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronaldo Righesso
- Brazilian Society of Plastic Surgery, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Pedro Salomao Piccinini
- Brazilian Society of Plastic Surgery, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Carlos Oscar Uebel
- Brazilian Society of Plastic Surgery, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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23
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Ogunjimi AT, Lawson C, Carr J, Patel KK, Ferguson N, Brogden NK. Micropore Closure Rates following Microneedle Application at Various Anatomical Sites in Healthy Human Subjects. Skin Pharmacol Physiol 2021; 34:214-228. [PMID: 33910205 DOI: 10.1159/000515454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The continuous availability of open micropores is crucial for a successful microneedle (MN) drug delivery strategy. However, micropore lifetime depends on intrinsic skin functional and anatomical characteristics, which vary significantly at different anatomical sites. OBJECTIVE This pilot study explored if differences exist in micropore closure timeframes at 3 anatomical sites - upper arm, volar forearm, and abdomen. METHODS Healthy subjects (n = 35) self-identifying as Asian (n = 9), Bi-/multiracial (n = 2), Black (n = 9), Latino (n = 6), and White (n = 9) completed the study. The upper arm, volar forearm, and abdomen were treated with MNs; skin impedance and transepidermal water loss (TEWL) were measured at baseline and post-MN to confirm micropore formation. Impedance was measured for 3 days to evaluate micropore lifetime. Measurements of L*, which quantifies the skin lightness/darkness, were made using a tristimulus colorimeter. Micropore lifetime was determined by comparing baseline and post-MN impedance measurements, and micropore closure half-life was predicted using mathematical modeling. RESULTS Post-MN increase in TEWL and decrease in impedance were significant (p < 0.05), confirming successful micropore formation at all anatomical sites. When data were analyzed according to subject self-identified racial/ethnic groups, the mean micropore closure time at the abdomen (63.09 ± 13.13 h) was longer than the upper arm (60.34 ± 14.69 h) and volar forearm (58.29 ± 16.76 h). The predicted micropore closure half-life at anatomical sites was the abdomen (25.86 ± 14.96 h) ≈ upper arm (23.69 ± 13.67 h) > volar forearm (20.2 ± 11.99 h). Differences were not statistically significant between groups. Objective categorization by L* showed that the darker skin may be associated with longer micropore closure time at the abdomen site. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that anatomical site of application may not be a source of significant variability in micropore closure time. These findings may help reduce the number of physiological parameters that need to be explicitly considered when developing drug products to support MN-assisted drug delivery strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abayomi Tolulope Ogunjimi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Iowa College of Pharmacy, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Christine Lawson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Iowa College of Pharmacy, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Jamie Carr
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Iowa College of Pharmacy, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Krishna Kumar Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Iowa College of Pharmacy, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Nkanyezi Ferguson
- Department of Dermatology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Nicole K Brogden
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Iowa College of Pharmacy, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.,Department of Dermatology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
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24
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Tobin KV, Fiegel J, Brogden NK. Thermosensitive Gels Used to Improve Microneedle-Assisted Transdermal Delivery of Naltrexone. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13060933. [PMID: 33803552 PMCID: PMC8002892 DOI: 10.3390/polym13060933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Transdermal delivery of naltrexone (NTX) can be enhanced using microneedles, although micropores generated this way can reseal by 48 h in humans, which prevents further drug delivery from a formulation. Poloxamer 407 (P407) is a thermosensitive polymer that may extend microneedle-assisted NTX delivery time by creating an in situ gel depot in the skin. We characterized gelation temperature, drug release, and permeation of P407 gels containing 7% NTX-HCl. To investigate microneedle effects on NTX-HCl permeation, porcine skin was treated with microneedles (600 or 750 μm length), creating 50 or 100 micropores. The formulations were removed from the skin at 48 h to simulate the effect of micropores resealing in vivo, when drug delivery is blunted. Gelation temperature increased slightly with addition of NTX-HCl. In vitro NTX-HCl release from P407 formulations demonstrated first order release kinetics. Microneedle treatment enhanced NTX-HCl permeation both from aqueous solution controls and P407 gels. Steady-state flux was overall lower in the P407 conditions compared to the aqueous solution, though ratios of AUCs before and after gel removal demonstrate that P407 gels provide more sustained release even after gel removal. This may be beneficial for reducing the required application frequency of microneedles for ongoing treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin V. Tobin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Iowa College of Pharmacy, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA;
| | - Jennifer Fiegel
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Iowa College of Engineering, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA;
| | - Nicole K. Brogden
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Iowa College of Pharmacy, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA;
- Department of Dermatology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Correspondence:
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25
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Evans SE, Harrington T, Rodriguez Rivero MC, Rognin E, Tuladhar T, Daly R. 2D and 3D inkjet printing of biopharmaceuticals - A review of trends and future perspectives in research and manufacturing. Int J Pharm 2021; 599:120443. [PMID: 33675921 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
There is an ongoing global shift in pharmaceutical business models from small molecule drugs to biologics. This increase in complexity is in response to advancements in our diagnoses and understanding of diseases. With the more targeted approach coupled with its inherently more costly development and manufacturing, 2D and 3D printing are being explored as suitable techniques to deliver more personalised and affordable routes to drug discovery and manufacturing. In this review, we explore first the business context underlying this shift to biopharmaceuticals and provide an update on the latest work exploring discovery and pharmaceutics. We then draw on multiple disciplines to help reveal the shared challenges facing researchers and firms aiming to develop biopharmaceuticals, specifically when using the most commonly explored manufacturing routes of drop-on-demand inkjet printing and pneumatic extrusion. This includes separating out how to consider mechanical and chemical influences during manufacturing, the role of the chosen hardware and the challenges of aqueous formulation based on similar challenges being faced by the printing industry. Together, this provides a review of existing work and guidance for researchers and industry to help with the de-risking and rapid development of future biopharmaceutical products.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Etienne Rognin
- Institute for Manufacturing, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge (UK), UK
| | | | - Ronan Daly
- Institute for Manufacturing, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge (UK), UK.
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Dugam S, Tade R, Dhole R, Nangare S. Emerging era of microneedle array for pharmaceutical and biomedical applications: recent advances and toxicological perspectives. FUTURE JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s43094-020-00176-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Microneedles (MNs) are the utmost unique, efficient, and minimally invasive inventions in the pharmaceutical field. Over the past decades, many scientists around the globe have reported MNs cautious because of their superb future in distinct areas. Concerning the wise use of MNs herein, we deal in depth with the present applications of MNs in drug delivery.
Main text
The present review comprises various fabrication materials and methods used for MN synthesis. The article also noted the distinctive advantages of these MNs, which holds huge potential for pharmaceutical and biomedical applications. The role of MNs in serving as a platform to treat various ailments has been explained accompanied by unusual approaches. The review also inculcates the pharmacokinetics of MNs, which includes permeation, absorption, and bioavailability enhancement. Besides this, the in vitro/in vivo toxicity, biosafety, and marketed product of MNs have been reviewed. We have also discussed the clinical trials and patents on the pharmaceutical applications of MNs in brief.
Conclusion
To sum up, this article gives insight into the MNs and provides a recent advancement in MNs, which pave the pathway for future pharmaceutical and biomedical applications.
Graphical abstract
Pharmaceutical and biomedical applications of MNs
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Di Carla Santos S, Fávaro-Moreira NC, Abdalla HB, Augusto GGX, Costa YM, Volpato MC, Groppo FC, Gill HS, Franz-Montan M. A crossover clinical study to evaluate pain intensity from microneedle insertion in different parts of the oral cavity. Int J Pharm 2021; 592:120050. [PMID: 33161036 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.120050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to evaluate discomfort and safety of microneedle (MN) insertion in several intraoral regions. A device was developed to standardize MN insertions. MNs were inserted in the following regions of the oral cavity: gingiva, palatine alveolar process, buccal mucosa, dorsum of the tongue and inner portion of the lower lip. Perforations from MNs post insertion were confirmed with topical gentian violet stain. Pain was evaluated in a randomized, double-blinded, crossover study in 30 volunteers. Each volunteer received a MN patch, a 30G hypodermic needle (positive control) and an identical MN patch with its needles laying flat in the plane of the patch (negative control). Adverse events were visually evaluated immediately after (0 h) and 24 h post MN application. The application device developed a consistent application force (10 N) and promoted perforation of all individual MNs on a patch. At all sites, insertion of the hypodermic needle promoted more pain when compared to the negative control (p < 0.001). Application of the MNs promoted less pain than the hypodermic needle (p < 0.05), but slightly more pain as compared to the negative control (p < 0.05) at all sites except the tongue, where the MN did not differ from the negative control (p > 0.05). Hypodermic needle caused bleeding at all insertion sites. In contrast, MNs did not cause bleeding at most sites except in some cases of insertion into the hard gingiva and the palatine alveolar process where tiny blood spots appeared immediately after MN application for few of the MNs on the patch. There were no cases of bleeding at 24 h post MN application. In conclusion, MNs can perforate different sites of the oral cavity in a safe and significantly less painful manner as compared to the 30G hypodermic needle. Thus, analogous to the skin, MN-based approaches could be an attractive approach for drug delivery in the oral cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephany Di Carla Santos
- Department of Biosciences, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nádia Cristina Fávaro-Moreira
- Department of Biosciences, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Henrique Ballassin Abdalla
- Department of Biosciences, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil; Laboratory of Neuroimmune Interface of Pain Research, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Instituto e Centro de Pesquisas São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Gama Xavier Augusto
- Department of Biosciences, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Yuri Martins Costa
- Department of Biosciences, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Cristina Volpato
- Department of Biosciences, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Francisco Carlos Groppo
- Department of Biosciences, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Michelle Franz-Montan
- Department of Biosciences, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Characterization of microneedles and microchannels for enhanced transdermal drug delivery. Ther Deliv 2021; 12:77-103. [DOI: 10.4155/tde-2020-0096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Microneedle (MN)-based technologies are currently one of the most innovative approaches that are being extensively investigated for transdermal delivery of low molecular weight drugs, biotherapeutic agents and vaccines. Extensive research reports, describing the fabrication and applications of different types of MNs, can be readily found in the literature. Effective characterization tools to evaluate the quality and performance of the MNs as well as for determination of the dimensional and kinetic properties of the microchannels created in the skin, are an essential and critical part of MN-based research. This review paper provides a comprehensive account of all such tools and techniques.
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Caffarel-Salvador E, Kim S, Soares V, Tian RY, Stern SR, Minahan D, Yona R, Lu X, Zakaria FR, Collins J, Wainer J, Wong J, McManus R, Tamang S, McDonnell S, Ishida K, Hayward A, Liu X, Hubálek F, Fels J, Vegge A, Frederiksen MR, Rahbek U, Yoshitake T, Fujimoto J, Roxhed N, Langer R, Traverso G. A microneedle platform for buccal macromolecule delivery. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabe2620. [PMID: 33523951 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abe2620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Alternative means for drug delivery are needed to facilitate drug adherence and administration. Microneedles (MNs) have been previously investigated transdermally for drug delivery. To date, drug loading into MNs has been limited by drug solubility in the polymeric blend. We designed a highly drug-loaded MN patch to deliver macromolecules and applied it to the buccal area, which allows for faster delivery than the skin. We successfully delivered 1-mg payloads of human insulin and human growth hormone to the buccal cavity of swine within 30 s. In addition, we conducted a trial in 100 healthy volunteers to assess potential discomfort associated with MNs when applied in the oral cavity, identifying the hard palate as the preferred application site. We envisage that MN patches applied on buccal surfaces could increase medication adherence and facilitate the painless delivery of biologics and other drugs to many, especially for the pediatric and elderly populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ester Caffarel-Salvador
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Soyoung Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Vance Soares
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Ryan Yu Tian
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Sarah R Stern
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Daniel Minahan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Raissa Yona
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Xiaoya Lu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Fauziah R Zakaria
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Joy Collins
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jacob Wainer
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Jessica Wong
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Rebecca McManus
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Siddartha Tamang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Shane McDonnell
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Keiko Ishida
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Alison Hayward
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Xiewen Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PH, UK
| | - František Hubálek
- Global Research Technologies, Global Drug Discovery, and Device R&D, Novo Nordisk A/S, Måløv, Denmark
| | - Johannes Fels
- Global Research Technologies, Global Drug Discovery, and Device R&D, Novo Nordisk A/S, Måløv, Denmark
| | - Andreas Vegge
- Global Research Technologies, Global Drug Discovery, and Device R&D, Novo Nordisk A/S, Måløv, Denmark
| | | | - Ulrik Rahbek
- Global Research Technologies, Global Drug Discovery, and Device R&D, Novo Nordisk A/S, Måløv, Denmark
| | - Tadayuki Yoshitake
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science and Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - James Fujimoto
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science and Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Niclas Roxhed
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Department of Micro and Nanosystems, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Robert Langer
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Giovanni Traverso
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
- Division of Gastroenterology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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Dabholkar N, Gorantla S, Waghule T, Rapalli VK, Kothuru A, Goel S, Singhvi G. Biodegradable microneedles fabricated with carbohydrates and proteins: Revolutionary approach for transdermal drug delivery. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 170:602-621. [PMID: 33387545 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.12.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
There has been a surge in the use of transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS) for the past few years. The market of TDDS is expected to reach USD 7.1 billion by 2023, from USD 5.7 billion in 2018, at a CAGR of 4.5%. Microneedles (MNs) are a novel class of TDDS with advantages of reduced pain, low infection risk, ease of application, controlled release of therapeutic agents, and enhanced bioavailability. Biodegradable MNs fabricated from natural polymers have become the center of attention among formulation scientists because of their recognized biodegradability, biocompatibility, ease of fabrication, and sustainable character. In this review, we summarize the various polysaccharides and polypeptide based biomaterials that are used to fabricate biodegradable MNs. Particular emphasis is given to cellulose and its derivatives, starch, and complex carbohydrate polymers such as alginates, chitosan, chondroitin sulfate, xanthan gum, pullulan, and hyaluronic acid. Additionally, novel protein-based polymers such as zein, collagen, gelatin, fish scale and silk fibroin (polyamino acid) biopolymers application in transdermal drug delivery have also been discussed. The current review will provide a unique perspective to the readers on the developments of biodegradable MNs composed of carbohydrates and protein polymers with their clinical applications and patent status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Dabholkar
- Industrial Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS), Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan, India
| | - Srividya Gorantla
- Industrial Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS), Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan, India
| | - Tejashree Waghule
- Industrial Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS), Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan, India
| | - Vamshi Krishna Rapalli
- Industrial Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS), Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan, India
| | - Avinash Kothuru
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Principal Investigator: MEMS, Microfluidics and Nanoelectronics Lab, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS), Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad, India
| | - Sanket Goel
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Principal Investigator: MEMS, Microfluidics and Nanoelectronics Lab, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS), Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad, India
| | - Gautam Singhvi
- Industrial Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS), Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan, India.
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Pramanik S, Sali V. Connecting the dots in drug delivery: A tour d'horizon of chitosan-based nanocarriers system. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 169:103-121. [PMID: 33338522 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.12.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
One of the most promising pharmaceutical research areas is developing advanced delivery systems for controlled and sustained drug release. The drug delivery system (DDS) can be designed to strengthen the pharmacological and therapeutic characteristics of different medicines. Natural polymers have resolved numerous commencing hurdles, which hindered the clinical implementation of traditional DDS. The naturally derived polymers furnish various advantages such as biodegradability, biocompatibility, inexpensiveness, easy availability, and biologically identifiable moieties, which endorse cellular activity in contrast to synthetic polymers. Among them, chitosan has recently been in the spotlight for devising safe and efficient DDSs due to its superior properties such as minimal toxicity, bio-adhesion, stability, biodegradability, and biocompatibility. The primary amino group in chitosan shows exceptional qualities such as the rate of drug release, anti-microbial properties, the ability to cross-link with various polymers, and macrophage activation. This review intends to provide a glimpse into different practical utilization of chitosan as a drug carrier. The first segment of the review will give cognizance into the source of extraction and chitosan's remarkable properties. Further, we have endeavored to provide recent literature pertaining to chitosan applications in various drug delivery systems via different administration routes along with current patented chitosan formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheersha Pramanik
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600036, India; Department of Polymeric Medical Devices, Medical Devices Engineering, Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences & Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695011, India.
| | - Vaishnavi Sali
- C.U. Shah College of Pharmacy, SNDT Women's University, Sir Vithaldas Thakersay, Santacruz West, Juhu, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400049, India
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Gupta J, Gupta R, Vanshita. Microneedle Technology: An Insight into Recent Advancements and Future Trends in Drug and Vaccine Delivery. Assay Drug Dev Technol 2020; 19:97-114. [PMID: 33297823 DOI: 10.1089/adt.2020.1022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last decade, microneedle (MN) induced microporation multifunctional approaches to enhance the delivery of drugs through the skin. MN technology included micron-sized needles to create microchannels into the Stratum corneum of skin, the most significant protective layer. Delivery of drugs and vaccines through the transdermal route is an alternative route for hypodermic and oral. It overcomes the problems associated with gastrointestinal along with drug deterioration. It is affordable, noninvasive, painless, simple, and self-administered techniques that provide prolonged release of drugs to enhance patient compliance. The MN delivery focused on biopharmaceuticals like proteins or peptides. The novel concepts have drawn interest in using these techniques in tandem with other enhancement approaches. This review article discussed the latest advancements in MN technology. It emphasized types of MNs, methodology, mechanisms, strategies for delivery of several drugs and vaccines, and significant challenges in the marketing of biopharmaceuticals. Furthermore, relevant U.S. patents and clinical trials based on MNs are also accentuated. Therefore, MN techniques will play a pivotal role in promoting clinical applications and innovative research for scientists and researchers working in the pharmaceutical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitendra Gupta
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, India
| | | | - Vanshita
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, India
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Ogunjimi AT, Carr J, Lawson C, Ferguson N, Brogden NK. Micropore closure time is longer following microneedle application to skin of color. Sci Rep 2020; 10:18963. [PMID: 33144596 PMCID: PMC7609754 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75246-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Microneedles (MNs) allow transdermal delivery of skin-impermeable drugs by creating transient epidermal micropores, and micropore lifetime directly affects drug diffusion timeframes. Healthy subjects (n = 111) completed the study, self-identifying as Asian (n = 32), Bi-/multi-racial (n = 10), Black (n = 22), White (n = 23), Latino (n = 23), and Native American/Hawaiian (n = 1). L* was measured with tristimulus colorimetry to objectively describe skin lightness/darkness. MNs were applied to the upper arm; impedance and transepidermal water loss (TEWL) were measured at baseline and post-MN to confirm micropore formation. Impedance was repeated for 4 days to determine micropore lifetime. Post-MN changes in TEWL and impedance were significant in all groups (p < 0.05), confirming micropore formation regardless of skin type. Micropore lifetime was significantly longer in Blacks (66.5 ± 19.5 h) versus Asians (44.1 ± 14.0 h), Bi-/multi-racial (48.0 ± 16.0 h), and Whites (50.2 ± 2.6 h). Latinos (61.1 ± 16.1 h) had significantly longer micropore closure time versus Asians (44.1 ± 14.0 h). When categorizing data according to L*, micropore lifetime was significantly longer in darker skin. We report for the first time that micropore lifetime differences are present in human subjects of different ethnic/racial backgrounds, with longer micropore lifetime in skin of color. These results also suggest that objectively measured skin color is a better predictor of micropore lifetime than self-identified race/ethnicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abayomi T Ogunjimi
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Translational Therapeutics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Iowa College of Pharmacy, 180 South Grand Avenue, 552 CPB, Iowa City, IA, 52242-1112, USA
| | - Jamie Carr
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Translational Therapeutics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Iowa College of Pharmacy, 180 South Grand Avenue, 552 CPB, Iowa City, IA, 52242-1112, USA
| | - Christine Lawson
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Translational Therapeutics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Iowa College of Pharmacy, 180 South Grand Avenue, 552 CPB, Iowa City, IA, 52242-1112, USA
| | - Nkanyezi Ferguson
- Department of Dermatology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Nicole K Brogden
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Translational Therapeutics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Iowa College of Pharmacy, 180 South Grand Avenue, 552 CPB, Iowa City, IA, 52242-1112, USA.
- Department of Dermatology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
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Dsouza L, Ghate VM, Lewis SA. Derma rollers in therapy: the transition from cosmetics to transdermal drug delivery. Biomed Microdevices 2020; 22:77. [PMID: 33104926 PMCID: PMC7588378 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-020-00530-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Derma roller, a device rolled onto the skin to form micropores, is extensively used for cosmetic purposes. The pores thus created are utilized to either result in the induction of collagen production, leading to glowing and wrinkle-free skin or for permeating the applied formulations to the site of action within the skin. Recent studies have shown the benefits of using derma rollers for transdermal delivery of drugs. In the nascent stage, this approach paves a way to successfully breach the stratum corneum and aid in the movement of medications directed towards the dermis and the hair follicles. The review essentially summarizes the evidence of the use of derma rollers in cosmetic setup, their designing, and the preclinical and clinical reports of efficacy, safety, and concerns when translated for pharmaceutical purposes and transdermal drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonna Dsouza
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Vivek M Ghate
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Shaila A Lewis
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India.
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Development and characterisation of novel poly (vinyl alcohol)/poly (vinyl pyrrolidone)-based hydrogel-forming microneedle arrays for enhanced and sustained transdermal delivery of methotrexate. Int J Pharm 2020; 586:119580. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Microneedle Mediated Transdermal Delivery of Protein, Peptide and Antibody Based Therapeutics: Current Status and Future Considerations. Pharm Res 2020; 37:117. [PMID: 32488611 PMCID: PMC7266419 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-020-02844-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The success of protein, peptide and antibody based therapies is evident - the biopharmaceuticals market is predicted to reach $388 billion by 2024 [1], and more than half of the current top 20 blockbuster drugs are biopharmaceuticals. However, the intrinsic properties of biopharmaceuticals has restricted the routes available for successful drug delivery. While providing 100% bioavailability, the intravenous route is often associated with pain and needle phobia from a patient perspective, which may translate as a reluctance to receive necessary treatment. Several non-invasive strategies have since emerged to overcome these limitations. One such strategy involves the use of microneedles (MNs), which are able to painlessly penetrate the stratum corneum barrier to dramatically increase transdermal drug delivery of numerous drugs. This review reports the wealth of studies that aim to enhance transdermal delivery of biopharmaceutics using MNs. The true potential of MNs as a drug delivery device for biopharmaceuticals will not only rely on acceptance from prescribers, patients and the regulatory authorities, but the ability to upscale MN manufacture in a cost-effective manner and the long term safety of MN application. Thus, the current barriers to clinical translation of MNs, and how these barriers may be overcome are also discussed.
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Al-Kasasbeh R, Brady AJ, Courtenay AJ, Larrañeta E, McCrudden MTC, O'Kane D, Liggett S, Donnelly RF. Evaluation of the clinical impact of repeat application of hydrogel-forming microneedle array patches. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2020; 10:690-705. [PMID: 32103450 PMCID: PMC7228965 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-020-00727-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogel-forming microneedle array patches (MAPs) have been proposed as viable clinical tools for patient monitoring purposes, providing an alternative to traditional methods of sample acquisition, such as venepuncture and intradermal sampling. They are also undergoing investigation in the management of non-melanoma skin cancers. In contrast to drug or vaccine delivery, when only a small number of MAP applications would be required, hydrogel MAPs utilised for sampling purposes or for tumour eradication would necessitate regular, repeat applications. Therefore, the current study was designed to address one of the key translational aspects of MAP development, namely patient safety. We demonstrate, for the first time in human volunteers, that repeat MAP application and wear does not lead to prolonged skin reactions or prolonged disruption of skin barrier function. Importantly, concentrations of specific systemic biomarkers of inflammation (C-reactive protein (CRP); tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)); infection (interleukin-1β (IL-1β); allergy (immunoglobulin E (IgE)) and immunity (immunoglobulin G (IgG)) were all recorded over the course of this fixed study period. No biomarker concentrations above the normal, documented adult ranges were recorded over the course of the study, indicating that no systemic reactions had been initiated in volunteers. Building upon the results of this study, which serve to highlight the safety of our hydrogel MAP, we are actively working towards CE marking of our MAP technology as a medical device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rehan Al-Kasasbeh
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Aaron J Brady
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK
- Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast City Hospital, 51 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7AB, UK
| | - Aaron J Courtenay
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Eneko Larrañeta
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK
| | | | - Donal O'Kane
- Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Royal Victoria Hospital, 274 Grosvenor Road, Belfast, BT12 6BA, UK
| | - Stephen Liggett
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Ryan F Donnelly
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK.
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Design and Characterization of Spray-Dried Chitosan-Naltrexone Microspheres for Microneedle-Assisted Transdermal Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12060496. [PMID: 32485999 PMCID: PMC7355536 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12060496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Naltrexone (NTX) hydrochloride is a potent opioid antagonist with significant first-pass metabolism and notable untoward effects when administered orally or intramuscularly. Microneedle (MN)-assisted transdermal delivery is an attractive alternative that can improve therapeutic delivery to deeper skin layers. In this study, chitosan-NTX microspheres were developed via spray-drying, and their potential for transdermal NTX delivery in association with MN skin treatment was assessed. A quality-by-design approach was used to evaluate the impact of key input variables (chitosan molecular weight, concentration, chitosan-NTX ratio, and feed flow rate) on microsphere physical characteristics, encapsulation efficiency, and drug-loading capacity. Formulated microspheres had high encapsulation efficiencies (70%-87%), with drug-loading capacities ranging from 10%-43%. NTX flux through MN-treated skin was 11.6 ± 2.2 µg/cm2·h from chitosan-NTX microspheres, which was significantly higher than flux across intact skin. Combining MN-assisted delivery with the chitosan microsphere formulation enabled NTX delivery across the skin barrier, while controlling the dose released to the skin.
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Roy A, Samanta S, Singha K, Maity P, Kumari N, Ghosh A, Dhara S, Pal S. Development of a Thermoresponsive Polymeric Composite Film Using Cross-Linked β-Cyclodextrin Embedded with Carbon Quantum Dots as a Transdermal Drug Carrier. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:3285-3293. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arpita Roy
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM) Dhanbad, Jharkhand 826004, India
| | - Subhendu Samanta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM) Dhanbad, Jharkhand 826004, India
| | - Koushik Singha
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM) Dhanbad, Jharkhand 826004, India
| | - Pritiprasanna Maity
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
| | - Nimmy Kumari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technology, Birla Institute of Technology Mesra, Ranchi 835215, India
| | - Animesh Ghosh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technology, Birla Institute of Technology Mesra, Ranchi 835215, India
| | - Santanu Dhara
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
| | - Sagar Pal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM) Dhanbad, Jharkhand 826004, India
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40
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He X, Sun J, Zhuang J, Xu H, Liu Y, Wu D. Microneedle System for Transdermal Drug and Vaccine Delivery: Devices, Safety, and Prospects. Dose Response 2019; 17:1559325819878585. [PMID: 31662709 PMCID: PMC6794664 DOI: 10.1177/1559325819878585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Microneedle (MN) delivery system has been greatly developed to deliver drugs into the skin painlessly, noninvasively, and safety. In the past several decades, various types of MNs have been developed by the newer producing techniques. Briefly, as for the morphologically, MNs can be classified into solid, coated, dissolved, and hollow MN, based on the transdermal drug delivery methods of "poke and patch," "coat and poke," "poke and release," and "poke and flow," respectively. Microneedles also have other characteristics based on the materials and structures. In addition, various manufacturing techniques have been well-developed based on the materials. In this review, the materials, structures, morphologies, and fabricating methods of MNs are summarized. A separate part of the review is used to illustrate the application of MNs to deliver vaccine, insulin, lidocaine, aspirin, and other drugs. Finally, the review ends up with a perspective on the challenges in research and development of MNs, envisioning the future development of MNs as the next generation of drug delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiang He
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Beijing University
of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Jingyao Sun
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Beijing University
of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Zhuang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Beijing University
of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Xu
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Beijing University
of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing
University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Daming Wu
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Beijing University
of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing
University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
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41
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Attwa EM, Khashaba SA, Ezzat NA. Evaluation of the additional effect of topical 5‐fluorouracil to needling in the treatment of localized vitiligo. J Cosmet Dermatol 2019; 19:1473-1478. [DOI: 10.1111/jocd.13152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Enayat Mohamed Attwa
- Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology Department Faculty of Medicine Zagazig University Zagazig Egypt
| | - Shrook A. Khashaba
- Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology Department Faculty of Medicine Zagazig University Zagazig Egypt
| | - Nehal Anwar Ezzat
- Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology Department Faculty of Medicine Zagazig University Zagazig Egypt
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Economidou SN, Pere CPP, Reid A, Uddin MJ, Windmill JF, Lamprou DA, Douroumis D. 3D printed microneedle patches using stereolithography (SLA) for intradermal insulin delivery. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 102:743-755. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.04.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Khurana B, Gierlich P, Meindl A, Gomes-da-Silva LC, Senge MO. Hydrogels: soft matters in photomedicine. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2019; 18:2613-2656. [PMID: 31460568 DOI: 10.1039/c9pp00221a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT), a shining beacon in the realm of photomedicine, is a non-invasive technique that utilizes dye-based photosensitizers (PSs) in conjunction with light and oxygen to produce reactive oxygen species to combat malignant tissues and infectious microorganisms. Yet, for PDT to become a common, routine therapy, it is still necessary to overcome limitations such as photosensitizer solubility, long-term side effects (e.g., photosensitivity) and to develop safe, biocompatible and target-specific formulations. Polymer based drug delivery platforms are an effective strategy for the delivery of PSs for PDT applications. Among them, hydrogels and 3D polymer scaffolds with the ability to swell in aqueous media have been deeply investigated. Particularly, hydrogel-based formulations present real potential to fulfill all requirements of an ideal PDT platform by overcoming the solubility issues, while improving the selectivity and targeting drawbacks of the PSs alone. In this perspective, we summarize the use of hydrogels as carrier systems of PSs to enhance the effectiveness of PDT against infections and cancer. Their potential in environmental and biomedical applications, such as tissue engineering photoremediation and photochemistry, is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhavya Khurana
- Medicinal Chemistry, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, St James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland.
| | - Piotr Gierlich
- Medicinal Chemistry, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, St James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland. and CQC, Coimbra Chemistry Department, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Alina Meindl
- Physik Department E20, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | | | - Mathias O Senge
- Medicinal Chemistry, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, St James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland. and Physik Department E20, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany and Institute for Advanced Study (TUM-IAS), Technische Universität München, Lichtenberg-Str. 2a, 85748 Garching, Germany
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44
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Plachouri KM, Georgiou S. Mesotherapy: Safety profile and management of complications. J Cosmet Dermatol 2019; 18:1601-1605. [PMID: 31444843 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.13115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesotherapy is a procedure that involves the injection of active substances into the dermis and subcutaneous tissue in order to treat several local medical and cosmetic conditions. Despite being considered as a relatively safe method, a series of adverse reactions can occur due to its wide application and lack of standardization processes. OBJECTIVES The aim of this paper is to summarize all the mesotherapy-related complications published so far, and to provide an insight into their management. PATIENT/METHODS Articles derived from the databases, PubMed, EMBASE, and SCOPUS, and published between 1992 and 2018, were analyzed for this review. The study was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. RESULTS In this literature, there is a number of case series and isolated case reports describing various side effects of different severities. The therapeutic management of these complications is-in most cases-individualized. CONCLUSIONS Larger systematic studies are needed in order to adequately evaluate the safety profile of mesotherapy, and in order to determine standardized therapy parameters, so as to minimize the risk of potential adverse reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sophia Georgiou
- Dermatology Department, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
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45
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Expanding the applications of microneedles in dermatology. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2019; 140:121-140. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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46
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Haridass IN, Wei JCJ, Mohammed YH, Crichton ML, Anderson CD, Henricson J, Sanchez WY, Meliga SC, Grice JE, Benson HAE, Kendall MAF, Roberts MS. Cellular metabolism and pore lifetime of human skin following microprojection array mediation. J Control Release 2019; 306:59-68. [PMID: 31121279 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Skin-targeting microscale medical devices are becoming popular for therapeutic delivery and diagnosis. We used cryo-SEM, fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM), autofluorescence imaging microscopy and inflammatory response to study the puncturing and recovery of human skin ex vivo and in vivo after discretised puncturing by a microneedle array (Nanopatch®). Pores induced by the microprojections were found to close by ~25% in diameter within the first 30 min, and almost completely close by ~6 h. FLIM images of ex vivo viable epidermis showed a stable fluorescence lifetime for unpatched areas of ~1000 ps up to 24 h. Only the cells in the immediate puncture zones (in direct contact with projections) showed a reduction in the observed fluorescence lifetimes to between ~518-583 ps. The ratio of free-bound NAD(P)H (α1/α2) in unaffected areas of the viable epidermis was ~2.5-3.0, whereas the ratio at puncture holes was almost double at ~4.2-4.6. An exploratory pilot in vivo study also suggested similar closure rate with histamine administration to the forearms of human volunteers after Nanopatch® treatment, although a prolonged inflammation was observed with Tissue Viability Imaging. Overall, this work shows that the pores created by the microneedle-type medical device, Nanopatch®, are transient, with the skin recovering rapidly within 1-2 days in the epidermis after application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isha N Haridass
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia; Therapeutics Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Jonathan C J Wei
- Therapeutics Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia; Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, 2628, CD, Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Yousuf H Mohammed
- Therapeutics Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Michael L Crichton
- Institute of Mechanical, Process and Energy Engineering, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher D Anderson
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, 581 83 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Joakim Henricson
- Division of Drug Research, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences Linköping University, Department of Emergency Medicine Local Health Care Services in Central Östergötland, Region Östergötland, Sweden
| | - Washington Y Sanchez
- Therapeutics Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Stefano C Meliga
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Jeffrey E Grice
- Therapeutics Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Heather A E Benson
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Mark A F Kendall
- Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Michael S Roberts
- Therapeutics Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia; School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, Adelaide, SA 5011, Australia.
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47
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Gaware SA, Rokade KA, Bala P, Kale SN. Microneedles of chitosan‐porous carbon nanocomposites: Stimuli (pH and electric field)‐initiated drug delivery and toxicological studies. J Biomed Mater Res A 2019; 107:1582-1596. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shankar A. Gaware
- Department of Applied PhysicsDefence Institute of Advanced Technology Pune Maharashtra, 411025 India
| | - Kasturi A. Rokade
- Department of Applied PhysicsDefence Institute of Advanced Technology Pune Maharashtra, 411025 India
- Department of Bioscience and TechnologyDefence Institute of Advanced Technology Pune Maharashtra, 411025 India
| | - Preetam Bala
- Department of Applied PhysicsDefence Institute of Advanced Technology Pune Maharashtra, 411025 India
| | - Sangeeta N. Kale
- Department of Applied PhysicsDefence Institute of Advanced Technology Pune Maharashtra, 411025 India
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48
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Duarah S, Sharma M, Wen J. Recent advances in microneedle-based drug delivery: Special emphasis on its use in paediatric population. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2019; 136:48-69. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2019.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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49
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Ye Y, Wang J, Sun W, Bomba HN, Gu Z. Topical and Transdermal Nanomedicines for Cancer Therapy. Bioanalysis 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-01775-0_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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50
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Wen Z, Liu F, Chen Q, Xu Y, Li H, Sun S. Recent development in biodegradable nanovehicle delivery system-assisted immunotherapy. Biomater Sci 2019; 7:4414-4443. [DOI: 10.1039/c9bm00961b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A schematic illustration of BNDS biodegradation and release antigen delivery for assisting immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenfu Wen
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy
- Northwest A&F University
- Yangling
- P. R. China
| | - Fengyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- School of Chemistry
- Dalian University of Technology
- Ganjingzi District
- P. R. China
| | | | - Yongqian Xu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy
- Northwest A&F University
- Yangling
- P. R. China
| | - Hongjuan Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy
- Northwest A&F University
- Yangling
- P. R. China
| | - Shiguo Sun
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy
- Northwest A&F University
- Yangling
- P. R. China
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